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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Oscines”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 19 lutego 2023

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1

Raposo, Marcos A., i Elizabeth Höfling. "Overestimation of vocal characters in Suboscine taxonomy (Aves: Passeriformes: Tyranni): causes and implications". Lundiana: International Journal of Biodiversity 4, nr 1 (2.12.2022): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2675-5327.2003.21833.

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The difference in treatment of vocal features in Oscines and Suboscines passerine birds characterizes a large portion of the current studies on their taxonomy. In the former taxon, vocalization is supposed to be molded by learning, and consequently is not regarded as taxonomically informative. In the latter, a strong emphasis is given to vocalization because it supposedly reflects the genetic structure of populations. This paper reviews the various assumptions related to this difference in treatment, including the overestimation of the vocal characters in suboscine alpha taxonomy due to the alleged importance of vocalization under the framework of the species mate recognition system. The innate origin of suboscine vocalizations remains to be rigorously demonstrated and the use of vocalization as “super-characters” is prejudicial to bird taxonomy. Despite the possibility of being learned, vocalization should also be used in the taxonomic studies of oscine passerines. Keywords: Vocalization, Oscines, Suboscines, Birds, Passeriformes

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2

Mayr, Gerald, i Albrecht Manegold. "A Small Suboscine-Like Passeriform Bird from the Early Oligocene of France". Condor 108, nr 3 (1.08.2006): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/108.3.717.

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Abstract We report the wing bones of a small passeriform bird from the early Oligocene of France, which are among the earliest fossil remains of Passeriformes in Europe. The specimen is clearly distinguished from oscines, to which all extant European passeriforms belong, and closely resembles suboscine passerines in presumably derived features. If future, more complete specimens support its assignment to the suboscines, it would be the earliest fossil record of this passeriform taxon. Together with other fossils from the early Oligocene of Germany, it indicates that nonoscine passerines colonized Europe before the arrival of oscines.

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3

Weir, Jason T., i David Wheatcroft. "A latitudinal gradient in rates of evolution of avian syllable diversity and song length". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, nr 1712 (10.11.2010): 1713–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2037.

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We ask whether rates of evolution in traits important for reproductive isolation vary across a latitudinal gradient, by quantifying evolutionary rates of two traits important for pre-mating isolation—avian syllable diversity and song length. We analyse over 2500 songs from 116 pairs of closely related New World passerine bird taxa to show that evolutionary rates for the two main groups of passerines—oscines and suboscines—doubled with latitude in both groups for song length. For syllable diversity, oscines (who transmit song culturally) evolved more than 20 times faster at high latitudes than in low latitudes, whereas suboscines (whose songs are innate in most species and who possess very simple song with few syllable types) show no clear latitudinal gradient in rate. Evolutionary rates in oscines and suboscines were similar at tropical latitudes for syllable complexity as well as for song length. These results suggest that evolutionary rates in traits important to reproductive isolation and speciation are influenced by latitude and have been fastest, not in the tropics where species diversity is highest, but towards the poles.

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4

Sclater, P. L. "Remarks on two rare American Oscines". Ibis 26, nr 3 (3.04.2008): 240–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1884.tb01161.x.

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5

Clark, George A., i Justine B. de Cruz. "Functional Interpretation of Protruding Filoplumes in Oscines". Condor 91, nr 4 (listopad 1989): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1368080.

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6

Secondi, Jean, Carel Ten Cate i Merijn De Bakker. "FEMALE RESPONSES TO MALE COOS IN THE COLLARED DOVE STREPTOPELIA DECAOCTO". Behaviour 139, nr 10 (2002): 1287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853902321104163.

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AbstractBirdsong is one of the main models in sexual selection studies. Most investigations focused on oscines in which male song and female preference learning occur. Yet, some non-oscines are well suited for such studies as well. In Columbidae song learning does not occur. However, like in oscines, song is involved in inter- and intra-sexual interactions. Surprisingly, experimental evidence of female song-based preferences are still largely lacking in this group. We conducted playback tests on wild-caught Streptopelia decaocto females. We tested for the sexual function of song by playing decaocto songs versus songs of an unrelated species. We then investigated female responses to trill. Although they do not produce this trait, males react more strongly to artificially trilled decaocto songs, i.e. to conspecific songs in which a trill from a S. roseogrisea song has been inserted, than to normal decaocto songs. We also tested female responses to S. roseogrisea songs. Females flew more often and with a shorter latency during decaocto songs than during wren songs, suggesting that species recognition occurred, but we found no evidence of preference for trilled decaocto songs. The low activity observed during the experiment might have obscured actual preferences. Nevertheless, females consistently reacted more to normal decaocto songs than to trilled decaocto or roseogrisea songs. This contrasts with the strong responses for trilled decaocto songs and the virtual lack of reaction to S. roseogrisea songs observed in males. Thus, female collared doves, as receivers, may have different characteristics from males and impose constraints on the evolution of song.

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7

Manegold, Albrecht, Gerald Mayr i Cécile Mourer-Chauviré. "Miocene Songbirds and the Composition of the European Passeriform Avifauna". Auk 121, nr 4 (1.10.2004): 1155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/121.4.1155.

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Abstract Songbirds (Passeriformes) occur in the fossil record of the Northern Hemisphere around the early Oligocene. It has recently been suggested that the major passeriform lineages diverged in Gondwana in the mid- to late Cretaceous and that the oscines, which include all extant European songbirds, originated on the Australian continental plate. Suboscines are assumed to have originated in western Gondwana. Although there is an abundant fossil record of songbirds in Europe, few attempts have been made to set those remains in a phylogenetic context. Our examination of fossil songbirds from three middle Miocene localities in Germany and France shows that many lack the derived morphology of the hypotarsus that characterizes extant Eupasseres (a taxon that comprises oscines and suboscines). We assume that these fossil taxa are outside the crown-group of Eupasseres, which indicates the presence of an ancient songbird avifauna in the Miocene of Europe, in addition to the few fossil Eupasseres already described in the literature.

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8

MIRONOV, S. V., P. B. KLIMOV, N. L. BLOCK i B. M. OCONNOR. "Congruent co-evolution of the feather mite genus Trouessartia (Acariformes: Trouessartiidae) and endemic Malagasy warblers (Passeriformes: Bernieridae)". Zoosymposia 22 (30.11.2022): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.22.1.22.

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The feather mite genus Trouessartia (Analgoidea: Trouessartiidae), with 145 known species, is the second most species-rich genus of feather mites. Species of Trouessartia are mostly associated with passerines (oscines and suboscines), with a few associations with woodpeckers. On hosts, the mites inhabit flight feathers, most commonly occurring on the secondaries and rectrices.

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9

Greene, Erick. "Toward an Evolutionary Understanding of Song Diversity in Oscines". Auk 116, nr 2 (kwiecień 1999): 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4089363.

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10

MORENO, EULALIA, i LUIS M. CARRASCAL. "Ecomorphological patterns of aerial feeding in oscines (Passeriformes: Passeri)". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 50, nr 2 (październik 1993): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1993.tb00922.x.

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11

De Repentigny, Yves, Henri Ouellet i Raymond McNeil. "Songversusplumage in some North American Oscines: Testing Darwin’s hypothesis". Écoscience 7, nr 2 (styczeń 2000): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2000.11682582.

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12

Yamasaki, Takeshi, i Tatsuaki Kameya. "Revised Japanese Names for Avian Orders and Families. (2) Oscines". Journal of the Yamashina Institute for Ornithology 52, nr 2 (15.12.2020): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3312/jyio.52.138.

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13

Lovette, I. J., i E. Bermingham. "What is a Wood-Warbler? Molecular Characterization of a Monophyletic Parulidae". Auk 119, nr 3 (1.07.2002): 695–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/119.3.695.

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AbstractThe wood-warblers (family Parulidae) fall within a radiation of passerine birds commonly known as the New World nine-primaried oscines. Defining familial relationships within that radiation has previously been challenging because of its extremely high diversity, a paucity of phylogenetically informative morphological characters, and an apparent high rate of cladogenesis early in the radiation's history. Here, analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences demonstrate that the 25 extant genera traditionally placed in the Parulidae do not form a monophyletic group. Instead, all reconstructions identify a well-resolved clade of 19 genera (Vermivora, Parula, Dendroica, Catharopeza, Mniotilta, Setophaga, Protonotaria, Helmitheros, Limnothlypis, Seiurus, Oporornis, Geothlypis, Wilsonia, Cardellina, Ergaticus, Myioborus, Euthlypis, Basileuterus, and Phaeothlypis) that are all morphologically typical wood-warblers traditionally placed in the Parulidae. Six genera traditionally assigned to the Parulidae—Microligea, Teretistris, Zeledonia, Icteria, Granatellus, and Xenoligea—fall outside this highly supported clade in all mtDNA-based and nuclear DNA-based reconstructions, and each is probably more closely allied to taxa traditionally placed in other nine-primaried oscine families. The long, well-supported, and independently confirmed internode at the base of this wood-warbler clade provides the opportunity to define a monophyletic Parulidae using several complementary molecular phylogenetic criteria. Support for those relationships comes from reconstructions based on a range of nucleotide-intensive (from 894 to 3,638 nucleotides per taxon) and taxon-intensive (45 to 128 species) analyses of mtDNA sequences, as well as independent reconstructions based on nucleotide substitutions in the nuclear-encoded c-mos gene. Furthermore, the 19 typical wood-warbler genera share a synapomorphic one-codon c-mos deletion not found in other passerines. At a slightly deeper phylogenetic level, our mtDNA-based reconstructions are consistent with previous morphologic and genetic studies in suggesting that many nine-primaried oscine taxa have unanticipated affinities, that many lineages arose during an early and explosive period of cladogenesis, and that the generation of a robust nine-primaried oscine phylogeny will require robust taxonomic sampling and extensive phylogenetic information.

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14

BREMOND, JEAN-CLAUDE. "Role of the Carrier Frequency in the Territorial Songs of Oscines". Ethology 73, nr 2 (26.04.2010): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1986.tb01004.x.

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15

Quinn, J. S., E. Guglich, G. Seutin, R. Lau, J. Marsolais, L. Parna, P. T. Boag i B. N. White. "Characterization and assessment of an avian repetitive DNA sequence as an icterid phylogenetic marker". Genome 35, nr 1 (1.02.1992): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g92-025.

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The first tandemly repeated sequence examined in a passerine bird, a 431-bp PstI fragment named pMAT1, has been cloned from the genome of the brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater). The sequence represents about 5–10% of the genome (about 4 × 105 copies) and yields prominent ethidium bromide stained bands when genomic DNA cut with a variety of restriction enzymes is electrophoresed in agarose gels. A particularly striking ladder of fragments is apparent when the DNA is cut with HinfI, indicative of a tandem arrangement of the monomer. The cloned PstI monomer has been sequenced, revealing no internal repeated structure. There are sequences that hybridize with pMAT1 found in related nine-primaried oscines but not in more distantly related oscines, suboscines, or nonpasserine species. Little sequence similarity to tandemly repeated PstI cut sequences from the merlin (Falco columbarius), saurus crane (Grus antigone), or Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata) or to HinfI digested sequence from the Toulouse goose (Anser anser) was detected. The isolated sequence was used as a probe to examine DNA samples of eight members of the tribe Icterini. This examination revealed phylogenetically informative characters. The repeat contains cutting sites from a number of restriction enzymes, which, if sufficiently polymorphic, would provide new phylogenetic characters. Sequences like these, conserved within a species, but variable between closely related species, may be very useful for phylogenetic studies of closely related taxa.Key words: tandemly repeated sequences, satellite DNA, tribe Icterini.

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16

Bledsoe, Anthony H. "Nuclear DNA Evolution and Phylogeny of the New World Nine-Primaried Oscines". Auk 105, nr 3 (1.07.1988): 504–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/105.3.504.

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Abstract Estimates of phylogeny were derived from measures of dissimilarity of single-copy nuclear-DNA sequences for 13 species that represent the currently recognized major groups of New World nine-primaried oscines and an outgroup (Passer). The dissimilarity coefficients (delta mode and delta T50H) calculated from thermal dissociation curves of reassociated DNA sequences exhibited the properties of a metric. No statistically significant increase in goodness-of-fit of the raw data to a phylogeny estimated from a least-squares analysis of the 13 × 13 matrix of distances was achieved when the lengths of sister branches were allowed to vary. "Jackknife" and negative branch-length analyses identified unstable stems that resulted from non-additivity caused in part by measurement error. Such stems were collapsed to produce a more robust topology, which served as the basis for estimating the positions of taxa not included in the 13 × 13 matrix. The clade that subsumed several "typical" tanagers (e.g. Tachyphonus rufus) also included Sicalis luteola and Diuca diuca (usually allied with the North American emberizine sparrows); Cyanerpes cyaneus, two species of Diglossa, and Coereba flaveola (often split among several major groups); and Tersina viridis, Catamblyrhynchus diadema, and Nephelornis oneilli (whose affinities are often considered uncertain). This "tanager" clade and its sister group, the cardinals (represented by Cardinalis cardinalis), together formed one fork of a trichotomy. Several emberizine sparrows (e.g. Pooecetes gramineus) formed the second fork, and wood-warblers (e.g. Dendroica striata) and New World orioles (e.g. Psarocolius angustifrons) formed the third. The chaffinches (represented by Fringilla coelebs) and several cardueline finches (e.g. Carduelis pinus) together formed the sister group of the other New World nine-primaried oscines included in the study. This phylogeny implies that convergence in feeding specializations among lineages is more extensive than traditional arrangements of the assemblage would suggest.

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17

Yuri, Tamaki, i David P. Mindell. "Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Fringillidae, “New World nine-primaried oscines” (Aves: Passeriformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23, nr 2 (maj 2002): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00012-x.

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Manegold, A. "Composition and phylogenetic affinities of vangas (Vangidae, Oscines, Passeriformes) based on morphological characters". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 46, nr 3 (sierpień 2008): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0469.2008.00458.x.

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19

Manegold, Albrecht. "Morphological characters of the tongue skeleton reveal phylogenetic relationships within the Corvidae (Oscines, Passeriformes)". Emu - Austral Ornithology 108, nr 4 (grudzień 2008): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu08022.

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20

Selvatti, Alexandre Pedro, Luiz Pedreira Gonzaga i Claudia Augusta de Moraes Russo. "A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 88 (lipiec 2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.018.

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21

FJELDSÅ, Jon. "The global diversification of songbirds (Oscines) and the build-up of the Sino-Himalayan diversity hotspot". Chinese Birds 4, nr 2 (29.06.2013): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5122/cbirds.2013.0014.

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22

Bochenski, Zbigniew M., Teresa Tomek, Małgorzata Bujoczek i Grzegorz Salwa. "A new passeriform (Aves: Passeriformes) from the early Oligocene of Poland sheds light on the beginnings of Suboscines". Journal of Ornithology 162, nr 2 (1.02.2021): 593–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10336-021-01858-0.

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AbstractThe paper describes a complete specimen of a passerine bird from the early Oligocene of Poland, preserved as imprints of bones and feathers on two slabs. Crosnoornis nargizia gen. et sp. nov. is just the fifth passerine species described from the Paleogene worldwide and the fourth complete. The features preserved in the distal elements of the wing exclude Acanthisittidae and Oscines and indicate that this bird can be included in Suboscines, making it the second complete representative of this group in the Paleogene. A strong, straight beak indicates that this bird could feed on a variety of foods, including hard seeds, fruit and invertebrates, and, therefore, occupied a different foraging niche than the Oligocene passerines described so far. The wing proportions, a very short tail and relatively long legs indicate that this bird spent most of its time in the forest, close to the ground in dense shrubs or dense tree crowns.

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23

Margoliash, Daniel, Eric S. Fortune, Mitchell L. Sutter, Albert C. Yu, B. David Wren-Hardin i A. Dave. "Distributed Representation in the Song System of Oscines: Evolutionary Implications and Functional Consequences (Part 1 of 2)". Brain, Behavior and Evolution 44, nr 4-5 (1994): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000113580.

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Margoliash, Daniel, Eric S. Fortune, Mitchell L. Sutter, Albert C. Yu, B. David Wren-Hardin i A. Dave. "Distributed Representation in the Song System of Oscines: Evolutionary Implications and Functional Consequences (Part 2 of 2)". Brain, Behavior and Evolution 44, nr 4-5 (1994): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000316246.

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Rodrigues, Benilson S., Rafael Kretschmer, Ricardo J. Gunski, Analia D. V. Garnero, Patricia C. M. O'Brien, Malcolm Ferguson-Smith i Edivaldo H. C. de Oliveira. "Chromosome Painting in Tyrant Flycatchers Confirms a Set of Inversions Shared by Oscines and Suboscines (Aves, Passeriformes)". Cytogenetic and Genome Research 153, nr 4 (2017): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000486975.

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Tyrannidae is the largest family of Passeriformes in the Neotropical region. However, despite an interesting chromosomal diversity, there are only few cytogenetic studies of this family, and most of these are based on conventional cytogenetics. Hence, we analyzed here the chromosomal diversity and karyotypical evolution of this group by chromosome painting in 3 different species - Pitangus sulphuratus, Serpophaga subcristata, and Satrapa icterophrys - and make comparisons with previous data. In addition to chromosome painting with Gallus gallus (GGA) and Leucopternis albicollis (LAL) probes, karyotypes were analyzed by conventional staining, C-banding, and FISH with 18S rDNA and telomeric probes. Although this family is characterized by extensive chromosomal variation, we found similar karyotypes and diploid numbers ranging from 2n = 80 in P. sulphuratus to 2n = 82 in S. subcristata and S. icterophrys. Constitutive heterochromatin was located centromerically in all 3 species. Clusters of 18S rDNA were present in 1 pair of microchromosomes, except in S. subcristata, where 2 pairs of microchromosomes were labeled. No interstitial telomeric sequences were detected. GGA and LAL whole-chromosome probes revealed the occurrence of fissions and both paracentric and pericentric inversions commonly seen in other Passeriformes. In general terms, tyrants show the typical karyotype found in Passeriformes, suggesting that the observed rearrangements occurred before the division of the suborders Oscines and Suboscines.

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Klicka, John, Kevin P. Johnson i Scott M. Lanyon. "New World Nine-Primaried Oscine Relationships: Constructing a Mitochondrial DNA Framework". Auk 117, nr 2 (1.04.2000): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/117.2.321.

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AbstractHistorically, a paucity of comparative morphological characters has led to much debate regarding relationships within and among the major lineages of New World nine-primaried oscines. More recently, DNA-DNA hybridization studies have provided novel and testable hypotheses of relationships, although no consensus has been reached. For 40 songbird taxa, we obtained 1,929 base pairs (bp) of DNA sequence from the mitochondrial cytochrome-b (894 bp) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (1,035 bp) genes. Phylogenetic analyses confirm the monophyly of this assemblage as traditionally defined. The lineages delineated historically on morphological grounds are retained; finches (Fringillinae) are sister to a well-supported clade (Emberizinae) containing blackbirds (Icterini), sparrows (Emberizini), wood-warblers (Parulini), tanagers (Thraupini), and cardinal-grosbeaks (Cardinalini). However, each tribe individually is either paraphyletic or polyphyletic with respect to most recent songbird classifications. Our results suggest that Euphonia is not a tanager but perhaps represents a derived form of cardueline finch. Piranga, traditionally considered a typical tanager, is a cardinaline in all of our analyses. Calcarius falls outside the sparrow lineage in all of our analyses, but its true affinities remain unclear. Elements of four different AOU families are represented in our clade Thraupini. The inclusion of several “tanager-finches” (Haplospiza, Diglossa, Tiaris, Volatinia, Sporophila) and a nectarivore (Coereba) in this clade is consistent with findings from other molecular phylogenies in suggesting that convergence in feeding specializations among some lineages has confounded traditional morphological classifications. We obtained a novel arrangement of relationships among tribes in our “best” topology; Cardinalini is sister to the rest of the Emberizinae assemblage (as defined by Sibley and Ahlquist [1990]), and Thraupini is sister to a clade containing Icterini, Emberizini, and Parulini. Despite nearly 2,000 bp of sequence for each taxon, and a high degree of stability across most weighting schemes and analytical methods, most nodes lack strong bootstrap support. The ND2 gene provided higher resolution than did cytochrome b, but combining genes provided the most highly supported and resolved topology. We consider the phylogeny a working hypothesis to be used as a guide for further studies within the nine-primaried oscine assemblage.

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MANEGOLD, ALBRECHT. "Passerine diversity in the late Oligocene of Germany: earliest evidence for the sympatric coexistence of Suboscines and Oscines". Ibis 150, nr 2 (4.02.2008): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.2008.00802.x.

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Derégnaucourt, Sébastien, Sigal Saar i Manfred Gahr. "Dynamics of crowing development in the domestic Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, nr 1665 (18.03.2009): 2153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.0016.

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Species-specific behaviours gradually emerge, via incomplete patterns, to the final complete adult form. A classical example is birdsong, a learned behaviour ideally suited for studying the neural and molecular substrates of vocal learning. Young songbirds gradually transform primitive unstructured vocalizations (subsong, akin to human babbling) into complex, stereotyped sequences of syllables that constitute adult song. In comparison with birdsong, territorial and mating calls of vocal non-learner species are thought to exhibit little change during development. We revisited this issue using the crowing behaviour of domestic Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ). Crowing activity was continuously recorded in young males maintained in social isolation from the age of three weeks to four months. We observed developmental changes in crow structure, both the temporal and the spectral levels. Speed and trajectories of these developmental changes exhibited an unexpected high inter-individual variability. Mechanisms used by quails to transform sounds during ontogeny resemble those described in oscines during the sensorimotor phase of song learning. Studies on vocal non-learners could shed light on the specificity and evolution of vocal learning.

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Roeder, Diane V., Michael S. Husak i Michael T. Murphy. "Frequency of extra-pair paternity in Scissor-tailed Flycatchers (Tyrannus forficatus) and other suboscines: are oscines and suboscines different?" Wilson Journal of Ornithology 128, nr 3 (wrzesień 2016): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1676/1559-4491-128.3.494.

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Johansson, Ulf S., i Thomas J. Parsons. "Major Divisions in Oscines Revealed by Insertions in the Nuclear Gene c-myc: A Novel Gene in Avian Phylogenetics". Auk 117, nr 4 (październik 2000): 1069–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4089654.

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Gustafsson, Daniel R., i Sarah E. Bush. "Brueelia (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) of North American Nine-Primaried Oscines (Aves: Passeriformes: Passerida) with Descriptions of Nine New Species". Journal of Parasitology 105, nr 6 (15.11.2019): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/19-82.

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Ericson, Per G. P., Ulf S. Johansson i Thomas J. Parsons. "Major Divisions in Oscines Revealed by Insertions in the Nuclear Gene c-myc: A Novel Gene in Avian Phylogenetics". Auk 117, nr 4 (1.10.2000): 1069–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/117.4.1069.

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Kretschmer, Rafael, Vanusa Lilian Camargo de Lima, Marcelo Santos de Souza, Alice Lemos Costa, Patricia C. M. O’Brien, Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith, Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa de Oliveira, Ricardo José Gunski i Analía Del Valle Garnero. "Multidirectional chromosome painting in Synallaxis frontalis (Passeriformes, Furnariidae) reveals high chromosomal reorganization, involving fissions and inversions". Comparative Cytogenetics 12, nr 1 (13.03.2018): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v12i1.22344.

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In this work we performed comparative chromosome painting using probes from Gallusgallus (GGA) Linnaeus, 1758 and Leucopternisalbicollis (LAL) Latham, 1790 in Synallaxisfrontalis Pelzeln, 1859 (Passeriformes, Furnariidae), an exclusively Neotropical species, in order to analyze whether the complex pattern of intrachromosomal rearrangements (paracentric and pericentric inversions) proposed for Oscines and Suboscines is shared with more basal species. S.frontalis has 82 chromosomes, similar to most Avian species, with a large number of microchromosomes and a few pairs of macrochromosomes. We found polymorphisms in pairs 1 and 3, where homologues were submetacentric and acrocentric. Hybridization of GGA probes showed syntenies in the majority of ancestral macrochromosomes, except for GGA1 and GGA2, which hybridized to more than one pair of chromosomes each. LAL probes confirmed the occurrence of intrachromosomal rearrangements in the chromosomes corresponding to GGA1q, as previously proposed for species from the order Passeriformes. In addition, LAL probes suggest that pericentric inversions or centromere repositioning were responsible for variations in the morphology of the heteromorphic pairs 1 and 3. Altogether, the analysis of our data on chromosome painting and the data published in other Passeriformes highlights chromosomal changes that have occurred during the evolution of Passeriformes.

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Sigler Ficken, Millicent, Kathryn M. Rusch, Sandra J. Taylor i Donald R. Powers. "Blue-Throated Hummingbird Song: A Pinnacle of Nonoscine Vocalizations". Auk 117, nr 1 (1.01.2000): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/117.1.120.

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Abstract Little is known about the structure and function of hummingbird vocalizations. We studied the vocalizations of Blue-throated Hummingbirds (Lampornis clemenciae) at two sites in southeastern Arizona. Songs were produced by males and females. Male songs consisted of arrays of notes organized in clusters of “song units.” Within sites, all males shared the same song units. Individual differences occurred in some temporal aspects of song, and slight but consistent differences in note structure occurred between the two sites. The organization of units within songs was marked by rigid syntax, and long songs were produced by agglutination of units. Male songs may function in territorial advertisement and mate attraction. Female songs were very different acoustically from those of males and typically were given when females were within a few centimeters of a male. In these situations, the female's song often overlapped temporally with the male's song. Of the hummingbird species studied so far, the Blue-throated Hummingbird has the most complex songs and is the only known species with complex female songs. Blue-throated Hummingbirds show convergence with oscines in vocal complexity, song organization, song function, and possible learning of some song elements.

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Döppler, Juan F., Manon Peltier, Ana Amador, Franz Goller i Gabriel B. Mindlin. "Replay of innate vocal patterns during night sleep in suboscines". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, nr 1953 (30.06.2021): 20210610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0610.

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Activation of forebrain circuitry during sleep has been variably characterized as ‘pre- or replay’ and has been linked to memory consolidation. The evolutionary origins of this mechanism, however, are unknown. Sleep activation of the sensorimotor pathways of learned birdsong is a particularly useful model system because the muscles controlling the vocal organ are activated, revealing syringeal activity patterns for direct comparison with those of daytime vocal activity. Here, we show that suboscine birds, which develop their species-typical songs innately without the elaborate forebrain–thalamic circuitry of the vocal learning taxa, also engage in replay during sleep. In two tyrannid species, the characteristic syringeal activation patterns of the song could also be identified during sleep. Similar to song-learning oscines, the burst structure was more variable during sleep than daytime song production. In kiskadees ( Pitangus sulphuratus ), a second vocalization, which is part of a multi-modal display, was also replayed during sleep along with one component of the visual display. These data show unambiguously that variable ‘replay’ of stereotyped vocal motor programmes is not restricted to programmes confined within forebrain circuitry. The proposed effects on vocal motor programme maintenance are, therefore, building on a pre-existing neural mechanism that predates the evolution of learned vocal motor behaviour.

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Amador, Ana, Franz Goller i Gabriel B. Mindlin. "Frequency Modulation During Song in a Suboscine Does Not Require Vocal Muscles". Journal of Neurophysiology 99, nr 5 (maj 2008): 2383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01002.2007.

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The physiology of sound production in suboscines is poorly investigated. Suboscines are thought to develop song innately unlike the closely related oscines. Comparing phonatory mechanisms might therefore provide interesting insight into the evolution of vocal learning. Here we investigate sound production and control of sound frequency in the Great Kiskadee ( Pitangus sulfuratus) by recording air sac pressure and vocalizations during spontaneously generated song. In all the songs and calls recorded, the modulations of the fundamental frequency are highly correlated to air sac pressure. To test whether this relationship reflects frequency control by changing respiratory activity or indicates synchronized vocal control, we denervated the syringeal muscles by bilateral resection of the tracheosyringeal nerve. After denervation, the strong correlation between fundamental frequency and air sac pressure patterns remained unchanged. A single linear regression relates sound frequency to air sac pressure in the intact and denervated birds. This surprising lack of control by syringeal muscles of frequency in Kiskadees, in strong contrast to songbirds, poses the question of how air sac pressure regulates sound frequency. To explore this question theoretically, we assume a nonlinear restitution force for the oscillating membrane folds in a two mass model of sound production. This nonlinear restitution force is essential to reproduce the frequency modulations of the observed vocalizations.

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Couchoux, Charline, i Torben Dabelsteen. "Acoustic cues to individual identity in the rattle calls of common blackbirds: a potential for individual recognition through multi-syllabic vocalisations emitted in both territorial and alarm contexts". Behaviour 152, nr 1 (12.11.2014): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003232.

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Vocal signals convey many types of information, and individually recognizable cues can benefit signallers and receivers, as shown in birdsongs that are used in the contexts of mating and territoriality. Bird calls are typically less complex than songs and thus are likely to convey less information. However, the rattle calls of some species serve a dual function, being emitted as an anti-predator and deterrence signal, and thus may encode information on individual identity. We investigated these questions in the common blackbird (Turdus merula), which emits complex rattle calls in both territorial and alarm contexts. The vocalisations of free-living males were elicited and recorded by playing back songs of unknown males in birds’ territories (territorial context) and also while approaching individuals (predator context). These song-like highly-structured multi-syllabic calls typically had three types of elements. Acoustic and statistical analyses revealed, through elevated repeatability indexes, that most of the acoustic measurements used to describe the complexity of the calls (structural, temporal and frequency parameters) were highly variable, due to inter-individual differences. The size of the call and the characteristics of the starting element only were able to discriminate a high portion of the individual calls. Beyond the very well studied songs of oscines, calls therefore deserve more attention as they also carry a potential for conveying information on individual identity.

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Mackiewicz, Paweł, Adam Dawid Urantówka, Aleksandra Kroczak i Dorota Mackiewicz. "Resolving Phylogenetic Relationships within Passeriformes Based on Mitochondrial Genes and Inferring the Evolution of Their Mitogenomes in Terms of Duplications". Genome Biology and Evolution 11, nr 10 (1.10.2019): 2824–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evz209.

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Abstract Mitochondrial genes are placed on one molecule, which implies that they should carry consistent phylogenetic information. Following this advantage, we present a well-supported phylogeny based on mitochondrial genomes from almost 300 representatives of Passeriformes, the most numerous and differentiated Aves order. The analyses resolved the phylogenetic position of paraphyletic Basal and Transitional Oscines. Passerida occurred divided into two groups, one containing Paroidea and Sylvioidea, whereas the other, Passeroidea and Muscicapoidea. Analyses of mitogenomes showed four types of rearrangements including a duplicated control region (CR) with adjacent genes. Mapping the presence and absence of duplications onto the phylogenetic tree revealed that the duplication was the ancestral state for passerines and was maintained in early diverged lineages. Next, the duplication could be lost and occurred independently at least four times according to the most parsimonious scenario. In some lineages, two CR copies have been inherited from an ancient duplication and highly diverged, whereas in others, the second copy became similar to the first one due to concerted evolution. The second CR copies accumulated over twice as many substitutions as the first ones. However, the second CRs were not completely eliminated and were retained for a long time, which suggests that both regions can fulfill an important role in mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses based on CR sequences subjected to the complex evolution can produce tree topologies inconsistent with real evolutionary relationships between species. Passerines with two CRs showed a higher metabolic rate in relation to their body mass.

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MIRONOV, SERGEY V., i C. RAY CHANDLER. "Feather mites of the genus Trouessartia (Acariformes: Trouessartiidae) from passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) in Georgia, USA". Zootaxa 4860, nr 1 (9.10.2020): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4860.1.1.

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Ten new species of the feather mite genus Trouessartia Canestrini, 1899 (Analgoidea: Trouessartiidae) are described from various passerines of the superfamily Passeroidea in Georgia: Trouessartia americana sp. n. from Setophaga americana (Linnaeus), T. helmitheros sp. n. from Helmitheros vermivorum (Gmelin, JF), T. mniotilta sp. n. from Mniotilta varia (Linnaeus), T. pensylvanica sp. n. from Setophaga pensylvanica (Linnaeus) (type host) and S. palmarum (Gmelin, JF), T. ruticilla sp. n. from S. ruticilla (Linnaeus), T. seiurus sp. n. from Seiurus aurocapilla (Linnaeus), T. tigrina sp. n. from Setophaga tigrina (Gmelin, JF) (Parulidae), T. passerinae sp. n. from Passerina caerulea (Linnaeus) (type host) and P. cyanea (Linnaeus), T. ciris sp. n. from P. ciris (Linnaeus) (Cardinalidae), and T. spizellae sp. n. from Spizella passerina (Bechstein) (Passerellidae). Based on a specific combination of morphological characters, all new species and six previously known species are arranged into a new species group capensis in the genus Trouessartia. The most important diagnostic characters of this species group include: in both sexes, the dorsal hysterosomal apertures are absent; in males, the postgenital plaque is well developed and genital setae g have cylindrical articulation rings; in females, the external copulatory tube is straight, stylet- or finger-like, and situated on the margin of the interlobar membrane, and the head of spermatheca has a semi-ovate extension without indentations. A key to all species referred to the capensis group is provided and host associations of this group with passerines are summarized and briefly discussed. It is hypothesized that this species group originated on the ancestors of New World nine-primaried oscines (Emberizoidea) and diverged in close relation with this group of hosts.

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Oliveira, Thays Duarte de, Rafael Kretschmer, Natasha Avila Bertocchi, Analía del Valle Garnero, Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa de Oliveira i Ricardo José Gunski. "Análise comparativa entre Conopophaga lineata e Gallus gallus". Semina: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde 38, nr 1supl (16.02.2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0367.2017v38n1suplp81.

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A ordem Passeriformes, subdividida em duas subordens Oscines e Suboscines, é a mais diversa e com o maior número de espécies de aves. Além disso, é a ordem com maior número de espécies analisadas por citogenética clássica. Quanto à citogenética molecular, existe até o momento 16 espécies analisadas, e apenas uma, Elaenia spectabilis, pertencente à subordem Suboscines. A espécie Conopophaga lineata, popularmente conhecida como chupa-dente, pertence à família Conopophagidae (Passeriformes, Suboscines) é encontrada na Mata Atlântica, no Brasil se distribui do Ceará ao Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo foi construir mapa cromossômico comparativo desta espécie e Gallus gallus (GGA) para identificar homologias existentes. As metáfases foram obtidas através da cultura de fibroblastos de dois exemplares de C. lineata coletados em Porto Vera Cruz e São Gabriel no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para as Hibridizações in situ Fluorescente foram utilizadas sondas de cromossomos específicos de GGA (GGA1 a GGA10). As sondas de GGA evidenciaram a conservação sintênica da maioria dos macrocromossomos ancestrais em C. lineata, exceto para GGA1 e GGA2. No caso de GGA1 e GGA2, encontram-se fissionados em dois pares cada em C. lineata. A fissão do cromossomo 1 ancestral era esperada, pois foi encontrada em todas as espécies de Passeriformes estudadas até o momento, entretanto, não era esperado a fissão do cromossomo 2 ancestral em Passeriformes. A fim de investigar outros aspectos da organização cromossômica de C. lineata, identificamos a localização de genes ribossomais 18S rDNA marcando um par de microcromossomo. Com isso, podemos concluir que a caracterização dos cromossomos de C. lineata foi importante para compreender melhor a organização e evolução cromossômica da família Conopophagidae e da subordem Suboscines. Contudo, se fazem necessárias a utilização de outras ferramentas moleculares para a completa caracterização e compreensão da evolução cromossômica desta espécie.

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Elliott, Chi. "Ballad of the Oscine". African American Review 43, nr 4 (2009): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/afa.2009.0054.

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Christidis, L., JA Norman, IAW Scott i M. Westerman. "Molecular Perspectives on the Phylogenetic Affinities of Lyrebirds (Menuridae) and Treecreepers (Climacteridae)". Australian Journal of Zoology 44, nr 3 (1996): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9960215.

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Within the Australo-Papuan region, DNA-DNA hybridisation studies revealed a major radiation among the oscine songbirds. Although many of the relationships revealed have been corroborated by other molecular evidence, the apparent relationship between lyrebirds, treecreepers and bowerbirds remains controversial. To examine this issue, a 924-bp fragment of the cytochrome-b gene was sequenced from a lyrebird and treecreeper and compared with published sequences of other Australo-Papuan songbirds. Despite possessing several distinctive morphological features, lyrebirds and treecreepers are part of the oscine assemblage. Although less conclusive, the cytochrome-b data also provide some support for a grouping of lyrebirds with treecreepers. These may also be linked with honeyeaters or bowerbirds. On the basis of current molecular evidence, the Australo-Papuan songbird radiation is clearly the most divergent oscine assemblage in terms of morphological adaptations.

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Knudsen, Daniel P., i Timothy Q. Gentner. "Mechanisms of song perception in oscine birds". Brain and Language 115, nr 1 (październik 2010): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2009.09.008.

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Barhoum, Dino N., i Kevin J. Burns. "Phylogenetic Relationships of the Wrentit Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Sequences". Condor 104, nr 4 (1.11.2002): 740–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/104.4.740.

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Abstract The phylogenetic relationship of the Wrentit (Chamaea fasciata) to other passerine birds is understood poorly. A variety of taxa have been proposed as closely related to the Wrentit, but in general this species is placed in a monotypic taxon to emphasize its morphological distinctiveness and lack of clear relationship to other groups of birds. We used the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene to infer the relationship of this monotypic genus to other avian groups including representatives of Sylvioidea, Muscicapoidea, and Passeroidea. Results of this study corroborate in part earlier proposals based on DNA-DNA hybridization. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses support the Wrentit, Sylvia, and babblers (Garrulax, Illadopsis, Leiothrix, Pomatorhinus, Stachyris, and Yuhina) as a clade, with the Wrentit sharing a more recent common ancestor with Sylvia than with babblers. A Sylvia and Wrentit association is further supported by similarities in morphology and ecology. In addition to findings on Wrentit relationships, our study in general agrees with the major groups of oscine passerines identified by earlier DNA hybridization studies. Relaciones Filogenéticas de Chamaea fasciata Basadas en Secuencias del Citocromo b Mitocondrial Resumen. La relación filogenética de Chamaea fasciata con otros paserinos es vagamente entendida. Una variedad de taxa ha sido propuesta como relacionada cercanamente a C. fasciata, pero en general esta especie es situada en un taxón monotípico para enfatizar su morfología distintiva y la falta de claridad en la relación con otros grupos de aves. Utilizamos el gen del citocromo b mitocondrial para inferir la relación de este género monotípico con otros grupos de aves incluyendo representantes de Sylviodea, Muscicapoidea y Passeroidea. Resultados de este estudio corroboran parcialmente propuestas anteriores basadas en hibridación de ADN-ADN. Análisis filogenéticos de máxima parsimonia, de máxima probabilidad y bayesianos respaldan a C. fasciata, Sylvia, Garrulax, Illadopsis, Leiothrix, Pomatorhinus, Stachyris y Yuhina como un clado, con C. fasciata compartiendo un ancestro común más reciente con Sylvia. Una asociación entre Sylvia y C. fasciata es respaldada por similitudes en morfología y ecología. En adición a los descubrimientos en las relaciones de C. fasciata, nuestro estudio coincide en general con los grupos mayores de paserinos oscinos identificados en estudios previos mediante hibridación de ADN.

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Kleine, R. "Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Generationsfrage von Oscinis frit. L". Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 16, nr 2 (26.08.2009): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1930.tb00141.x.

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Peci, Alketa, Juliana Figale, Fábio de Oliveira, Alexandre Barragat i Conceição Souza. "Oscips e termos de parceria com a sociedade civil: um olhar sobre o modelo de gestão por resultados do governo de Minas Gerais". Revista de Administração Pública 42, nr 6 (grudzień 2008): 1137–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-76122008000600006.

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Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que avaliou um dos componentes do choque de gestão adotado pelo governo do estado de Minas Gerais: os termos de parceria estabelecidos com as Oscips. Definido como um conjunto integrado de políticas de gestão pública orientadas para o desenvolvimento, o choque de gestão orienta-se pela gestão por resultados e é baseado numa série de instrumentos de contratualização. A pesquisa de campo realizada no decorrer do ano 2007 verificou como os responsáveis pela contratação (governo) e pela provisão (Oscips) dos serviços estabelecidos nos principais termos de parceria com o governo do estado de Minas Gerais percebem e justificam o modelo de gestão por resultados. Para responder a essa pergunta, três Oscips mineiras foram escolhidas com base na sua diversidade conceitual e operacional. Os dados foram coletados via entrevistas semi-estruturadas com representantes das Oscips e do governo mineiro e foram tratados por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que a orientação por resultados já se encontra incorporada nos discursos das Oscips, mas também destacam alguns paradoxos discursivos relativos à centralidade do novo papel do Estado vis-à-vis a crítica das suas estruturas burocráticas.

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ten Cate, Carel. "Re-evaluating vocal production learning in non-oscine birds". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, nr 1836 (6.09.2021): 20200249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0249.

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The study of vocal production learning in birds is heavily biased towards oscine songbirds, making the songbird model the reference for comparative studies. However, as vocal learning was probably ancestral in songbirds, interspecific variations might all be variations on a single theme and need not be representative of the nature and characteristics of vocal learning in other bird groups. To assess the possible mechanisms of vocal learning and its evolution therefore requires knowledge about independently evolved incidences of vocal learning. This review examines the presence and nature of vocal production learning in non-songbirds. Using a broad definition of vocal learning and a comparative phylogenetic framework, I evaluate the evidence for vocal learning and its characteristics in non-oscine birds, including well-known vocal learners such as parrots and hummingbirds but also (putative) cases from other taxa. Despite the sometimes limited evidence, it is clear that vocal learning occurs in a range of different, non-related, taxa and can be caused by a variety of mechanisms. It is more widespread than often realized, calling for more systematic studies. Examining this variation may provide a window onto the evolution of vocal learning and increase the value of comparative research for understanding vocal learning in humans. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Vocal learning in animals and humans’.

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Jonsson, Knud A., i Jon Fjeldsa. "A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri)". Zoologica Scripta 35, nr 2 (marzec 2006): 149–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x.

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Cockburn, Andrew. "Cooperative breeding in oscine passerines: does sociality inhibit speciation?" Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 270, nr 1530 (7.11.2003): 2207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2003.2503.

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Lovell, Peter V., David F. Clayton, Kirstin L. Replogle i Claudio V. Mello. "Birdsong “Transcriptomics”: Neurochemical Specializations of the Oscine Song System". PLoS ONE 3, nr 10 (20.10.2008): e3440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003440.

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