Książki: „Optimal Sequence”

1

Chand, Suresh. Determination of optimal due dates and sequence. [Urbana, Ill.]: College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1990.

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2

Kuri, Joy. On the optimal allocation of customers that must depart in sequence. Bangalore: Dept. of Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, 1990.

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3

Laan, Dinard van der. The structure and performance of optimal routing sequences. Leiden: Universiteit Leiden, 2003.

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4

Piunovskiy, A. B. Optimal Control of Random Sequences in Problems with Constraints. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5508-3.

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5

Piunovskiy, A. B. Optimal Control of Random Sequences in Problems with Constraints. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997.

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6

Piunovskiy, A. B. Optimal control of random sequences in problems with constraints. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1997.

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7

Halpin, Brendan. Class careers as sequences: An optimal matching analysis of work-life histories. Colchester: ESRC Research Centre on Micro-social Change, 1996.

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8

Zhuravlev, P. V. Spektroradiometricheskie pribory distant︠s︡ionnogo zondirovanii︠a︡ na osnove preobrazovanii︠a︡ Adamara. Novosibirsk: Konstruktorsko-tekhnologicheskiĭ institut prikladnoĭ mikroėlektroniki SO RAN, 2003.

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9

Georghiades, Costas N. On the synchronizability and detectability of random PPM sequences. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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10

ISBRA 2010 (2010 Storrs, Conn.). Bioinformatics research and applications: 6th international symposium, ISBRA 2010, Storrs, CT, USA, May 23-26, 2010 : proceedings. Berlin: Springer, 2010.

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11

Zaslavski, Alexander J., i Simeon Reich. Infinite products of operators and their applications: A research workshop of the Israel Science Foundation : May 21-24, 2012, Haifa, Israel : Israel mathematical conference proceedings. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2015.

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12

Fischer, Joerg. Optimal Sequence-Based Control of Networked Linear Systems. Karlsruhe Scientific Publishing, 2015.

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13

Fischer, Jörg. Optimal Sequence-Based Control of Networked Linear Systems. Saint Philip Street Press, 2020.

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14

Tedder, Marc. An optimal algorithm recognizing distance-hereditary graphs under a sequence of edge deletions. 2006.

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15

Blanchett, David, Michael Finke i Wade Pfau. Low Returns and Optimal Retirement Savings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827443.003.0003.

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Lifetime financial outcomes relate closely to the sequence of investment returns earned over the life cycle. Higher return assumptions allow individuals to save at a lower rate, withdraw at a higher rate, retire with a lower wealth accumulation, and enjoy a higher standard of living. While analysis of this topic is often based on historical investment performance, present bond yields are historically low and equity prices are quite high, suggesting that individuals will likely experience lower returns in the future. This implies the need for higher savings rates, lower withdrawal rates, a larger nest egg at retirement, and a lower lifetime standard of living. We show that lower-income workers will need to save about 50 percent more if low rates of return persist in the future, and higher-income workers will need to save nearly twice as much in a low return environment compared to the optimal savings using historical returns.

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16

Jones, PhD, Derek K., red. Diffusion MRI. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780195369779.001.0001.

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Since its initial development in the mid-1980s, and wide accessibility to perform diffusion MRI on all MRI scanners, the use of diffusion MRI has become widespread across the last 30 years. This online resource discusses the importance of ensuring that the hardware is performing optimally, the pulse sequence is carefully designed, the acquisition is optimal, the data quality is maximized while artifacts are minimized, the appropriate post-processing is used, and, where appropriate, the appropriate statistical testing is used, and the data are interpreted correctly. The author is a world authority on diffusion MRI, and has assembled most of the world's leading scientists and clinicians developing and applying diffusion MRI to produce a definitive, didactic and essential reference work for those working with diffusion MRI.

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17

Walsh, Bruce, i Michael Lynch. Long-term Response: 3. Adaptive Walks. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0027.

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One model for long-term evolution is an adaptive walk, a series of fixations of mutations that moves the trait mean toward some optimal value. The foundation for this idea traces back to Fisher's geometric model, which showed that mutations of large effect are favored when a trait is far from its optimal, while smaller effects are favored as it approaches the optimal value. Under fairly general conditions, this results in a roughly exponential distribution of fixed adaptive effects. An alternative to trait-based walks are walks in fitness space, motivated by considering a series of mutations to improve the fitness of a particular sequence. In such settings, extreme value theory also suggests a roughly exponential distribution, now of fitness (instead of trait) effects, for mutations fixed during the walk. Much of this theory offers at least partial experimental testing, and this chapter describes not only the theory, but also some of the empirical work testing the models.

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18

Optimal Control of Random Sequences in Problems with Constraints. Springer, 2011.

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19

Zand, Bahram. High-speed optical wireless communications using reduced-state sequence detection. 2002.

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20

Hemmelgarn, Anthony L., i Charles Glisson. Conclusion and Future Challenges for Improving Human Service Organizations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190455286.003.0014.

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This concluding chapter suggests that future research and development efforts focus on four interrelated areas. These four areas, together, describe how more specific information about the ARC strategies can increase the capacity for improving human services. The authors argue that the emphasis on evidence-based practices should be expanded to include strategies that focus on the organization’s social context. Knowing which strategies are most effective to alter specific OSC profiles and knowing the sequence of strategies that are most effective for targeted outcomes will allow organizations to tailor improvement efforts with the greatest efficiency. The chapter calls for more information about how an array of strategies can be used most efficiently by an organization to target outcomes over an extended period and how to determine, a priori, the optimal application of the various strategies necessary to achieve success with the least amount of resources.

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21

Dunning, Alexander J. Coherent Atomic Manipulation and Cooling: Using Composite Optical Pulse Sequences. Springer International Publishing AG, 2015.

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22

Kalmoun, El Mostafa, Azizan Saaban, Haslinda Ibrahim, Razamin Ramli i Zurni Omar. Multilevel Optimization for Dense Motion Estimation. UUM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9789670474274.

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This monograph offers design for fast and reliable technique in the dense motion estimation. This Multilevel Optimization for Dense Motion Estimation work blends both theory and applications to equip reader with an understanding of basic concepts necessary to apply in solving dense motion in a sequence of images. Illustrating well-known variation models for dealing with optical flow estimation, this monograph introduces variation models with applications. A host of variation models are outlines such as Horn-Schunck model, Contrast Invariation Models and Models for Large Displacement. Special attention is also given to multilevel optimization techniques namely multiresolution and multigrid methods to improve the convergence of the global optimum when compared to using only one level resolution in the context of computer vision. This monograph is a robust resource that provides insightful introduction to the field of image processing with its theory and applications. Overall, Multilevel Optimization for Dense Motion Estimation is highly recommended for scientists and engineers for an excellent choice for references and self-study.

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23

Servin, Frédérique S., i Valérie Billard. Anaesthesia for the obese patient. Redaktor Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0087.

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Obesity is becoming an epidemic health problem, and the number of surgical patients with a body mass index of more than 50 kg m−2 requiring anaesthesia is increasing. Obesity is associated with physiopathological changes such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disorders, or sleep apnoea syndrome, most of which improve with weight loss. Regarding pharmacokinetics, volumes of distribution are increased for both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. Consequently, doses should be adjusted to total body weight (propofol for maintenance, succinylcholine, vancomycin), or lean body mass (remifentanil, non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent). For all drugs, titration based on monitoring of effects is recommended. To minimize recovery delays, drugs with a rapid offset of action such as remifentanil and desflurane are preferable. Poor tolerance to apnoea with early hypoxaemia and atelectasis warrant rapid sequence induction and protective ventilation. Careful positioning will prevent pressure injuries and minimize rhabdomyolysis which are frequent. Because of an increased risk of pulmonary embolism, multimodal prevention is mandatory. Regional anaesthesia, albeit technically difficult, is beneficial in obese patients to treat postoperative pain and improve rehabilitation. Maximizing the safety of anaesthesia for morbidly obese patients requires a good knowledge of the physiopathology of obesity and great attention to detail in planning and executing anaesthetic management. Even in elective surgery, many cases can be technical challenges and only a step-by-step approach to the avoidance of potential adverse events will result in the optimal outcome.

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24

Elliott, Doug, i Linda Denehy. Post-ICU Rehabilitation. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0051.

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More than three-quarters of patients who experience a critical illness and intensive care unit admission survive their initial physiological insult and are subsequently discharged from hospital. Some of these survivors have physical, psychological, or cognitive deficits that persist and delay optimal recovery in the following months and, in some instances, years. A range of generic screening and functional assessment strategies has been used with post-ICU cohorts, but methodological limitations were evident. Further research is therefore required, possibly using a battery of instruments to cover a broad range of function across the recovery period, to explore optimal screening times. Commencing or continuing rehabilitation strategies for patients after ICU discharge in both hospital and post-hospital environments have their own set of challenges. A key step is to improve awareness and understanding of the sequelae of critical illness among rehabilitation specialists, primary care practitioners, and the broader health community. Coordination and optimal use of scarce resources in hospital and community settings is required. Evidence supporting post-ICU rehabilitation interventions is mixed. Studies are needed to discern which patients likely to respond and the optimal amount, type, and timing of interventions. Innovative use of wearable technologies and smartphone or tablet applications may offer some solutions for monitoring, motivation, compliance, and optimal recovery for survivors of a critical illness who have identified functional deficits.

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25

(Editor), Alan M. Frank, i James S. Walton (Editor), red. High-Speed Imaging and Sequence Analysis: 28-29 January 1999, San Jose, California (Proceedings of Spie--the International Society for Optical Engineering, 3642.). Society of Photo Optical, 1999.

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26

Jaggar, Siân, i Helen Laycock. Acute pain in the intensive cardiac care unit. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0073.

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◆ Cardiac intensive care units admit a heterogeneous patient group◆ Pain is common, occurring in up to 70% of medical and surgical patients◆ Effective analgesia is important◆ Pain is under-recognized and inadequately treated, particularly in medical patients◆ Consequences of pain are widespread, involving multisystem physiological changes◆ Pain causes significant psychological sequelae for patients, and ethical implications for physicians◆ Pain management should utilize a systematic approach. Ensuring optimal patient comfort requires:○ Understanding of the potential causes of pain in cardiac intensive care○ Using validated pain assessment tools to identify the presence of pain and evaluate treatment effects○ Employing a multimodal, multidisciplinary management strategy

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Jaggar, Siân, i Helen Laycock. Acute pain in the intensive cardiac care unit. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0073_update_001.

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◆ Cardiac intensive care units admit a heterogeneous patient group◆ Pain is common, occurring in up to 70% of medical and surgical patients◆ Effective analgesia is important◆ Pain is under-recognized and inadequately treated, particularly in medical patients◆ Consequences of pain are widespread, involving multisystem physiological changes◆ Pain causes significant psychological sequelae for patients, and ethical implications for physicians◆ Pain management should utilize a systematic approach. Ensuring optimal patient comfort requires:○ Understanding of the potential causes of pain in cardiac intensive care○ Using validated pain assessment tools to identify the presence of pain and evaluate treatment effects○ Employing a multimodal, multidisciplinary management strategy

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28

Sasso, Uma, i Emily McQuaid-Hanson. Severe Preeclampsia. Redaktorzy Matthew D. McEvoy i Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0048.

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Preeclampsia and other hypertensive diseases during pregnancy are common causes of maternal morbidity and increase the risk for adverse fetal outcomes. Women are monitored for changes in blood pressure throughout pregnancy and depending on gestational age, once such changes are noted providers may opt to move toward delivery. Blood pressure control and magnesium sulfate are the cornerstone of therapy as well as the key to preventing progression to eclampsia. A thorough understanding of this disease process is essential for anesthesiologists and other anesthesia providers to provide optimal and safe care for labor analgesia and cesarean delivery, or to manage sequelae of advanced disease processes, such as seizure.

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Hsieh, Hannah, Lauren Thornton i Glenn Mann. Craniosynostosis and Anesthetic Management for Cranial Vault Remodeling. Redaktorzy David E. Traul i Irene P. Osborn. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190850036.003.0015.

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Craniosynostosis is a congenital malformation involving premature fusion of one or more skull sutures restricting normal growth of the cranium. The sequelae of premature cranial suture fusion are not only cosmetic and may cause elevated intracranial pressure in children. Treatment for craniosynostosis is surgical, and the perioperative management often entails a multidisciplinary team consisting of neurosurgery, plastic surgery, anesthesiology, and critical care. Although the optimal age of repair remains controversial, it is suggested that intervention is best performed prior to 12 months of age. The anesthetic challenges for these complex surgeries include difficult airway management, significant blood loss, long surgical duration, and pain control in children of young age.

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30

McCleary, Richard, David McDowall i Bradley Bartos. Design and Analysis of Time Series Experiments. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190661557.001.0001.

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Design and Analysis of Time Series Experiments develops a comprehensive set of models and methods for drawing causal inferences from time series. Example analyses of social, behavioral, and biomedical time series illustrate a general strategy for building AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) impact models. The classic Box-Jenkins-Tiao model-building strategy is supplemented with recent auxiliary tests for transformation, differencing, and model selection. The validity of causal inferences is approached from two complementary directions. The four-validity system of Cook and Campbell relies on ruling out discrete threats to statistical conclusion, internal, construct, and external validity. The Rubin system causal model relies on the identification of counterfactual time series. The two approaches to causal validity are shown to be complementary and are illustrated with a construction of a synthetic control time series. Example analyses make optimal use of graphical illustrations. Mathematical methods used in the example analyses are explicated in technical appendices, including expectation algebra, sequences and series, maximum likelihood, Box-Cox transformation analyses and probability.

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31

Thompson, Karla L., William Filer, Matthew Harris i Michael Y. Lee. Traumatic Brain Injury and Pregnancy. Redaktorzy Emma Ciafaloni, Cheryl Bushnell i Loralei L. Thornburg. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190667351.003.0013.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability throughout the world, particularly among young adults, affecting untold numbers of women of childbearing age. TBIs can disrupt almost any aspect of physical, cognitive, and/or emotional functioning, potentially complicating a woman’s ability to conceive, carry, and deliver a healthy child. For women who are already pregnant and sustain a TBI, medical stabilization of the mother and management of risk of further injury to the fetus are priorities. For women with a previous history of TBI, comprehensive assessment and optimal management of common sequelae of TBI (eg, seizures, endocrine dysfunction, physical and cognitive impairments, and neuropsychiatric symptoms) are essential to maximizing outcomes for both mother and child. Consultation with physiatry and neuropsychology, utilization of rehabilitation therapies to maximize the mother’s functional recovery, and consistent communication among all medical team members throughout pregnancy are essential.

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32

Tattersall, Martin H. N., i David W. Kissane. Achieving shared treatment decisions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198736134.003.0014.

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The respect of a patient’s autonomous rights within the model of patient-centred care has led to shared decision-making, rather than more paternalistic care. Understanding patient needs, preferences, and lifestyle choices are central to developing shared treatment decisions. Patients can be prepared through the use of question prompt sheets and other decision aids. Audio-recording of informative consultations further helps. A variety of factors like the patient’s age, tumour type and stage of disease, an available range of similar treatment options, and their risk-benefit ratios will impact on the use of shared decision-making. Modifiable barriers to shared decision-making can be identified. Teaching shared decision-making includes the practice of agenda setting, use of partnership statements, clarification of patient preferences, varied approaches to explaining potential treatment benefits and risks, review of patient values and lifestyle factors, and checking patient understanding–this sequence helps both clinicians and patients to optimally reach a shared treatment decision.

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33

Clarke, Andrew. Temperature and reaction rate. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199551668.003.0007.

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All other things being equal, physiological reaction rate increases roughly exponentially with temperature. Organisms that have adapted over evolutionary time to live at different temperatures can have enzyme variants that exhibit similar kinetics at the temperatures to which they have adapted to operate. Within species whose distribution covers a range of temperatures, there may be differential expression of enzyme variants with different kinetics across the distribution. Enzymes adapted to different optimum temperatures differ in their amino acid sequence and thermal stability. The Gibbs energy of activation tends to be slightly lower in enzyme variants adapted to lower temperatures, but the big change is a decrease in the enthalpy of activation, with a corresponding change in the entropy of activation, both associated with a more open, flexible structure. Despite evolutionary adjustments to individual enzymes involved in intermediary metabolism (ATP regeneration), many whole-organism processes operate faster in tropical ectotherms compared with temperate or polar ectotherms. Examples include locomotion (muscle power output), ATP regeneration (mitochondrial function), nervous conduction and growth.

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34

Allen, Brian F. S. Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity in Pregnancy. Redaktorzy Matthew D. McEvoy i Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0059.

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Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a concern for all practitioners who administer local anesthetics, including neuraxial and regional analgesia and anesthesia for pregnant patients. Toxicity can manifest as neurologic (e.g., seizure) or cardiac (e.g., dysrhythmia) sequelae and even death. Management of LAST differs from advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) in several important ways, and the parturient suffering LAST requires even more specific therapy. This chapter reviews the pathophysiology, assessment, and management of LAST in pregnancy, highlighting key differences from ACLS and LAST therapy in the nonpregnant patient. Prevention of this complication is also discussed. Knowledge of this material is essential for timely and appropriate care in order to ensure optional outcome.

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35

Wells, Elizabeth M. Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0091.

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Anti- N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe but treatable recently identified form of immune-mediated encephalitis associated with antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) against the GluN1 subunit of the NMDAR. Research has rapidly expanded the understanding of disease mechanisms and how the condition manifests in different populations (e.g., pediatrics vs. adult, cancer vs. noncancer, male vs. female). Immunocytochemical, physiological, and molecular studies of the effects of human CSF on the rodent and murine brain in vitro and in vivo indicate a noncytotoxic antibody-mediated mechanism of disease pathogenesis. Finding positive antibodies prompts a search for occult neoplasm, most likely ovarian teratoma in young women; other age groups and male patients are less likely to have tumor but need to be screened. Fifty percent of patients respond to first line steroids, IVIG, plasma exchange or a combination, and many others improve with addition of rituximab or cyclophosphamide. Cured patients may have cognitive or motor sequelae, and refractory disease and death may occur despite treatment. Knowledge about etiology and biomarkers of refractory disease are lacking. Additional work is needed to further elucidate the origin of the immune-mediated response, to determine optimal clinical management and develop effective therapies for refractory patients.

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36

Cheong, Adrian, Gabriel Steg i Stefan K. James. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0043.

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Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation is a common and dramatic manifestation of coronary artery disease. It is caused by the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque in a coronary artery, leading to its total thrombotic occlusion and resultant ischaemia and necrosis of downstream myocardium. The diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is based on a syndrome of ischaemic chest pain symptoms, associated with typical ST-segment elevation on the electrocardiogram and an eventual rise in biomarkers of myocardial necrosis. The treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is focused on re-establishing blood flow in the coronary artery involved, preferably by percutaneous coronary intervention, or by pharmacological thrombolysis in the case of expected lengthy time delays or lack of availability of facilities. Early mortality from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction can be attributed to the sequelae or complications of myocardial ischaemia, or complications related to therapy. The former include arrhythmias (such as ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation), mechanical complications (such as ventricular free wall, septal, and mitral chordal rupture), and pump failure leading to cardiogenic shock. The latter includes haemorrhagic complications and coronary stent thrombosis. Given that myocardial necrosis is a critically time-dependent process, the organization of an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction care system and adherence to the latest clinical trial evidence and guidelines are crucial to ensure that patients are treated in an optimal manner.

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Cheong, Adrian P., Gabriel Steg i Stefan K. James. ST-segment elevation MI. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0043_update_001.

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Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation is a common and dramatic manifestation of coronary artery disease. It is caused by the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque in a coronary artery, leading to its total thrombotic occlusion and resultant ischaemia and necrosis of downstream myocardium. The diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is based on a syndrome of ischaemic chest pain symptoms, associated with typical ST-segment elevation on the electrocardiogram and an eventual rise in biomarkers of myocardial necrosis. The treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is focused on re-establishing blood flow in the coronary artery involved, preferably by percutaneous coronary intervention, or by pharmacological thrombolysis in the case of expected lengthy time delays or lack of availability of facilities. Early mortality from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction can be attributed to the sequelae or complications of myocardial ischaemia, or complications related to therapy. The former include arrhythmias (such as ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation), mechanical complications (such as ventricular free wall, septal, and mitral chordal rupture), and pump failure leading to cardiogenic shock. The latter includes haemorrhagic complications and coronary stent thrombosis. Given that myocardial necrosis is a critically time-dependent process, the organization of an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction care system and adherence to the latest clinical trial evidence and guidelines are crucial to ensure that patients are treated in an optimal manner.

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38

Vincent, Laura, i Carl Waldmann. Rehabilitation from critical illness after hospital discharge. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0386.

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The majority of patients admitted to intensive care units survive to hospital discharge, but then face a long and challenging functional recovery, due to the physical and psychological sequelae of their critical illness. There is associated physical, emotional, and financial strain on families and care-givers, in addition to the ongoing impact on patients themselves. The optimization of post-ICU morbidity and ‘health-related quality of life’ have thus become key components of the critical care treatment pathway. Structured exercise rehabilitation programmes, tailored to the specific needs of individual patients can enhance the long-term recovery from critical illness, but the practical implementation of such programmes remains inconsistent and non-standardized. Validated screening and assessment tools are being developed to identify those patients who would benefit from post-ICU rehabilitation programmes, target the specific needs of individuals and monitor the response to treatment. Ongoing research aims to determine the features of a successful post-ICU rehabilitation programme, with respect to the location and supervision of the regime, and the actual content of the intervention. Rehabilitation commenced as soon as possible after hospital discharge is likely to be most effective, but further evidence is required to identify the timing of treatment that would achieve the optimal therapeutic impact. The National Institute of Clinical Excellence have issued a post-ICU rehabilitation guideline. As well as providing a framework for implementation of such a programme, this further endorses the understanding that exercise rehabilitation can no longer be considered an afterthought and should be fully incorporated into the critical care treatment pathway.

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