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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Oil mill by-Products"
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Safarzadeh Markhali, Fereshteh. "Effect of Processing on Phenolic Composition of Olive Oil Products and Olive Mill By-Products and Possibilities for Enhancement of Sustainable Processes". Processes 9, nr 6 (27.05.2021): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9060953.
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The bio-functional properties of olive oil products and by-products rely greatly on the proportions and types of the endogenous phenolics that may favorably/unfavorably change during various processing conditions. The olive oil industrial activities typically produce (i) olive oils, the main/marketable products, and (ii) olive mill by-products. The mechanical processing of olive oil extraction is making progress in some areas. However, the challenges inherent in the existing system, taking into consideration, the susceptibilities of phenolics and their biosynthetic variations during processing, hamper efforts to ascertain an ideal approach. The proposed innovative means, such as inclusion of emerging technologies in extraction system, show potential for sustainable development of olive oil processing. Another crucial factor, together with the technological advancements of olive oil extraction, is the valorization of olive mill by-products that are presently underused while having great potential for extended/high-value applications. A sustainable re-utilization of these valuable by-products helps contribute to (i) food and nutrition security and (ii) economic and environmental sustainability. This review discusses typical processing factors responsible for the fate of endogenous phenolics in olive oil products/by-products and provides an overview of the possibilities for the sustainable processing to (i) produce phenolic-rich olive oil and (ii) optimally valorize the by-products.
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Filippi, C., S. Bedini, R. Levi-Minzi, R. Cardelli i A. Saviozzi. "Cocomposting of Olive Oil Mill By-Products: Chemical and Microbiological Evaluations". Compost Science & Utilization 10, nr 1 (styczeń 2002): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1065657x.2002.10702064.
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Liébanes, María D., José M. Aragón, María C. Palancar, Gema Arévalo i David Jiménez. "Fluidized Bed Drying of 2-Phase Olive Oil Mill By-Products". Drying Technology 24, nr 12 (grudzień 2006): 1609–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373930601031059.
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Umara, U., MM Alam, M. Kabir, H. Mahmud i MS Rahman. "Value Chain Analysis of Free Fatty Acid of Rice Bran Oil in Bangladesh". Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 45, nr 4 (15.12.2022): 379–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v45i4.63245.
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The study was conducted at Emerald oil mill and Poultry Industries Limited, Sherpur and Square Toiletries Ltd. at Shalghoria, Pabna to assess the financial analysis of the rice bran oil mill and to determine the value chains system of rice bran edible oil chemical by-products specially free fatty acid and actors involved in marketing of FFA in Bangladesh during the year 2013-2014. Tabular and statistical analyses were done. Results revealed that the rice bran edible oil was produced as the main product (7948 t/mill/year), and de-oil rice bran (39600 t/mill/year), free fatty acid (1495 t/mill/year), gum (332 t/mill/year), wax (329 t/mill/industry) and splint earth (808 t/mill/industry) products were also produced as chemical by-products in oil mill. Free fatty acids, gum and wax were used in soap factories. The oil mill purchased 49,500 tonnes of rice bran annually. Total cost of production was estimated at lakh Tk. 13969.85 and total variable cost was lakh Tk. 13032.98. Gross return of the oil mill was calculated at lakh Tk. 14838.03/year and lakh Tk. 867.10 was obtained from free fatty acids annually. The net profit lakh TK. 868.18/year/ industry was achieved from rice bran, while the FFA earned Tk. 30344 per ton as net profits. The benefit cost ratio was 1.06 in the oil mill. The higher return on investment was gained in free fatty acid. Minimum marketing cost was found in shorter chain-I (Oil mill – soap factory) and longer chain-III (Oil mill – Commission agent 1 – Commission agent 2 – Soap factory) produced maximum marketing cost in the FFA value chain system. Total marketing margin and total profit were achieved Tk. 10.50/kg and Tk. 2.90/kg, respectively. Free fatty acid as a chemical byproduct in rice bran oil processing has esteemed market value in soap factories that contribute to the national economy.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(4): 379-393, December 2020
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Zahan, Khairul, i Manabu Kano. "Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil, Its By-Products, and Mill Effluent: A Review". Energies 11, nr 8 (16.08.2018): 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082132.
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The sustainability of petroleum-based fuel supply has gained broad attention from the global community due to the increase of usage in various sectors, depletion of petroleum resources, and uncertain around crude oil market prices. Additionally, environmental problems have also arisen from the increasing emissions of harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases. Therefore, the use of clean energy sources including biodiesel is crucial. Biodiesel is mainly produced from unlimited natural resources through a transesterification process. It presents various advantages over petro-diesel; for instance, it is non-toxic, biodegradable, and contains less air pollutant per net energy produced with low sulphur and aromatic content, apart from being safe. Considering the importance of this topic, this paper focuses on the use of palm oil, its by-products, and mill effluent for biodiesel production. Palm oil is known as an excellent raw material because biodiesel has similar properties to the regular petro-diesel. Due to the debate on the usage of palm oil as food versus fuel, extensive studies have been conducted to utilise its by-products and mill effluent as raw materials. This paper also discusses the properties of biodiesel, the difference between palm-biodiesel and other biodiesel sources, and the feasibility of using palm oil as a primary source for future alternative and sustainable energy sources.
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Guida, M. Y., i A. Hannioui. "A review on thermochemical treatment of biomass: Pyrolysis of olive mill wastes in comparison with other types of biomass". Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences 12, nr 1 (grudzień 2016): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/446.12.2016.1.
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Each year, a great quantity of olive oil is produced by the unit mill of trituration. This activity generates two by-products named olive mill wastewater and olive mill solid waste representing major potential waste and environmental problem. However, there is growing interest in pyrolysis as a technology to treat wastes to produce valuable oil, char and gas products. The major important aim of waste pyrolysis is to produce liquid fuel or bio-oil, which is easy to store, transport and can be an alternative to energy source. The key influence on the product yield is the type of biomass feedstock and operating parameters (especially temperature and heating rate). It is important to investigate the effect of variables on response yield and impulse about their optimization. This study reviews operating variable from existing literature on olive mill wastes (OMSW and OMWW) in comparison with various types of biomass. The major operating variables include type of feedstock, final temperature of pyrolysis, heating rate and particle size. The scale of this paper is to analyse the influence of operating parameters on production of pyrolysis bio-oil, char and gaseous products.
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Foti, Paola, Flora V. Romeo, Nunziatina Russo, Alessandra Pino, Amanda Vaccalluzzo, Cinzia Caggia i Cinzia L. Randazzo. "Olive Mill Wastewater as Renewable Raw Materials to Generate High Added-Value Ingredients for Agro-Food Industries". Applied Sciences 11, nr 16 (16.08.2021): 7511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167511.
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Olive oil production represents an agro-industrial activity of vital economic importance for many Mediterranean countries. However, it is associated with the generation of a huge amount of by-products, both in solid and liquid forms, mainly constituted by olive mill wastewater, olive pomace, wood, leaves, and stones. Although for many years olive by-products have only been considered as a relevant environmental issue, in the last decades, numerous studies have deeply described their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anticancer, anti-hyperglycemic activities. Therefore, the increasing interest in natural bioactive compounds represents a new challenge for olive mills. Studies have focused on optimizing methods to extract phenols from olive oil by-products for pharmaceutical or cosmetic applications and attempts have been made to describe microorganisms and metabolic activity involved in the treatment of such complex and variable by-products. However, few studies have investigated olive oil by-products in order to produce added-value ingredients and/or preservatives for food industries. This review provides an overview of the prospective of liquid olive oil by-products as a source of high nutritional value compounds to produce new functional additives or ingredients and to explore potential and future research opportunities.
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Abbattista, Ramona, Giovanni Ventura, Cosima Damiana Calvano, Tommaso R. I. Cataldi i Ilario Losito. "Bioactive Compounds in Waste By-Products from Olive Oil Production: Applications and Structural Characterization by Mass Spectrometry Techniques". Foods 10, nr 6 (29.05.2021): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061236.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In recent years, a remarkable increase in olive oil consumption has occurred worldwide, favoured by its organoleptic properties and the growing awareness of its health benefits. Currently, olive oil production represents an important economic income for Mediterranean countries, where roughly 98% of the world production is located. Both the cultivation of olive trees and the production of industrial and table olive oil generate huge amounts of solid wastes and dark liquid effluents, including olive leaves and pomace and olive oil mill wastewaters. Besides representing an economic problem for producers, these by-products also pose serious environmental concerns, thus their partial reuse, like that of all agronomical production residues, represents a goal to pursue. This aspect is particularly important since the cited by-products are rich in bioactive compounds, which, once extracted, may represent ingredients with remarkable added value for food, cosmetic and nutraceutical industries. Indeed, they contain considerable amounts of valuable organic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, and above all, phenolic compounds, that are variably distributed among the different wastes, depending on the employed production process of olive oils and table olives and agronomical practices. Yet, extraction and recovery of bioactive components from selected by-products constitute a critical issue for their rational valorization and detailed identification and quantification are mandatory. The most used analytical methods adopted to identify and quantify bioactive compounds in olive oil by-products are based on the coupling between gas- (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS), with MS being the most useful and successful detection tool for providing structural information. Without derivatization, LC-MS with electrospray (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical (APCI) ionization sources has become one of the most relevant and versatile instrumental platforms for identifying phenolic bioactive compounds. In this review, the major LC-MS accomplishments reported in the literature over the last two decades to investigate olive oil processing by-products, specifically olive leaves and pomace and olive oil mill wastewaters, are described, focusing on phenolics and related compounds.
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Gobi, K., i V. M. Vadivelu. "By-products of palm oil mill effluent treatment plant – A step towards sustainability". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 28 (grudzień 2013): 788–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.049.
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Romero, Concepción, Eduardo Medina, Maria Antonia Mateo i Manuel Brenes. "New by-products rich in bioactive substances from the olive oil mill processing". Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 98, nr 1 (25.07.2017): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8460.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Oil mill by-Products"
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Ruellan, Alexandre. "Conception raisonnée à l’aide de la formulation et du procédé d’un film souple biosourcé et biodégradable pour l’emballage alimentaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0032.
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L'utilisation de ressources renouvelables et la production de matériaux biodégradables sont des solutions adaptées afin de diminuer l'impact environnemental du secteur des plastiques. Il existe donc une demande du marché pour des produits écoresponsables, à condition que ces derniers soient techniquement et économiquement compétitifs par rapport aux matériaux classiquement utilisés. Dans le domaine de l'emballage alimentaire, une technique très employée permettant la réalisation de matériaux performants est la création de structures multicouches combinant avantageusement les propriétés de différents thermoplastiques. Néanmoins, de tels matériaux multi-matières sont difficilement recyclables, leur biodégradabilité devient alors une propriété pertinente. Cette étude propose la réalisation de films souples biosourcés et biodégradables pour l'emballage alimentaire, à partir du polylactide et de coproduits de l'huilerie en tant qu'additifs, notamment les condensats de désodorisation. Parmi ces derniers, la solubilité partielle de leurs molécules ainsi que l'effet synergique des constituants liquides et solides à température ambiante, en fonction de la longueur et du degré d'insaturation de leurs chaînes alkyles, ont été montrés comme responsables de l'augmentation de la ductilité du PLA, permettant néanmoins de conserver sa vitrosité à température ambiante et son intéressante rigidité. L'ajout de PHBV au PLA formulé avec les coproduits de l'huilerie a également été étudié, engendrant principalement une amélioration significative de la tenue thermomécanique du matériau. Des essais d'accroissement d'échelle comprenant la production de granulés, l'extrusion à plat de films ainsi que leur impression sur des machines industrielles ont été réalisés. Enfin, avec l'aide du Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), la conformité du film développé avec les exigences légales concernant les matières thermoplastiques destinées au contact des aliments, mais également son aptitude à la biodégradation selon la norme EN 13432, ont été vérifiéesThe use of renewable resources and the production of biodegradable materials are appropriate solutions to reduce the environmental impact of the sector of plastics. There is thus a demand for eco-friendly products on the market provided they obtain performance equal or superior to synthetic materials currently used. One possibility, widely used in the food sector, to achieve efficient packaging film is the creation of multilayer structures by combining advantageous properties of different plastics. In this case, recycling of materials is difficult and the biodegradability of the packaging becomes relevant. This study proposes designing biobased and biodegradable films for food packaging from polylactide and co- products of the oil mill industry as additives, in particular the deodorization condensates. Among these lasts, the partial solubility of their molecules and the synergetic effect of the liquid and solid fat components at room temperature, depending on their alkyl chain length and unsaturation ratio, have both been observed to be responsible for the ductility increase, while the higher than room temperature glass transition of PLA and its interesting rigidity were retained. Addition of PHBV to the formulated PLA with oil by-products has also been studied, mainly leading to a significant improvement in the thermomechanical resistance of the material. Scaled-up trials comprising the production of formulated pellets, cast extruded films and their printing using industrial devices were performed. Finally, with the help of the “Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d’Essais” (LNE), the compliance with requirements of Food Contact Material regulation of a formulated film of PLA, as well as its biodegradability according to the EN 13432 standard, have both been proved
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Maia, Michelle de Oliveira. "Efeito da adição de diferentes fontes de óleo vegetal na dieta de ovinos sobre o desempenho, a composição e o perfil de ácidos graxos na carne e no leite". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-12092011-162017/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho, a composição e o perfil de ácidos graxos (AG) do leite e da carne de ovinos alimentados com dietas contendo óleo de canola, girassol ou mamona. Adicionalmente, foram realizados dois ensaios de metabolismo para avaliar o efeito das dietas sobre a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e parâmetros ruminais. No Experimento I, 44 ovelhas com suas respectivas crias foram distribuídas em delineamento em blocos completos casualizados. Os animais foram alimentados com dietas compostas por 50% de volumoso, sendo uma dieta controle e as outras contendo 3% de óleo de canola, girassol ou mamona. A adição de óleo reduziu o consumo de matéria seca (CMS) e aumentou o consumo de extrato etéreo. Não houve alteração na produção de leite e desempenho das crias. A adição de óleo de mamona aumentou o teor de gordura e sólidos totais do leite. A adição de óleos de canola e girassol reduziu as concentrações de AG de cadeia curta (AGCC), de cadeia média, saturados e o índice de aterogenicidade; e aumentou as concentrações de C18:0, C18:1-9, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (CLA), C18:1 trans-11, AG de cadeia longa, AG monoinsaturados e AG insaturados totais. Estes óleos aumentaram ainda, a relação entre AG poliinsaturados:saturados (P:S) comparado à dieta controle. No experimento II, quatro ovinos canulados no rúmen, foram distribuídos em um delineamento em quadrado latino 4 x 4 para avaliar as dietas utilizadas no Experimento I. Não houve diferença no CMS e digestibilidade dos nutrientes. A adição de óleos aumentou os valores de pH ruminal e reduziu as concentrações de AGCC. No experimento III, foi analisado o desempenho de 36 cordeiros mestiços Dorper x Santa Inês alimentados com rações com 90% de concentrado e 3% de óleo de canola, girassol ou mamona. Não houve diferença no CMS, ganho de peso médio diário (GMD) e conversão alimentar, sendo a média das dietas de 957,7 g, 326,4 g e 3,0 kg MS/kg GMD, respectivamente. Adicionalmente, foi realizado um ensaio de metabolismo com quatro ovinos canulados no rúmen em um delineamento em quadrado latino 4 x 4. Não houve diferença (P>0,10) no CMS, digestibilidade dos nutrientes, balanço de nitrogênio e nos parâmetros ruminais, com exceção da amônia, que diminuiu com a adição de óleos. No experimento IV, foram avaliados: as características da carcaça, composição físicoquímica e perfil de AG do músculo Longissimus dorsi dos cordeiros do experimento III. A adição de óleo de mamona elevou o teor de extrato etéreo da carne. O óleo de girassol reduziu a concentração de C18:1 -9, e aumentou a concentração de C18:1 trans. A adição de óleo de mamona reduziu a concentração de C18:2 e a relação P:S na carne em comparação aos óleos de canola e girassol. A inclusão de óleos de canola e girassol reduziu a concentração de C16:0, aumentou a concentração de C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (CLA) e C18:3 -6. O óleo de canola aumentou a concentração de C18:3 -3 e o óleo de girassol aumentou a relação 6:3 comparado ao óleo de mamona.The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, milk composition, meat and milk fatty acid profile of ewes and lambs fed diets containing canola oil, sunflower oil or castor oil. Additionally, two metabolism trials were conducted to determine the effects of the diets on nutrient digestibility and ruminal measures. Experiment I: 44 Santa Inês ewes with lambs were allotted in a randomized complete block design and fed a control diet (no oil) containing 50% roughage or diets with the addition of 3% of canola oil, sunflower oil or castor oil. The addition of oil decreased DM intake and increased ether extract intake. However, there was no effect on milk production and lamb performance. The percentage of milk fat and milk total solids increased with castor oil. Diets with canola and sunflower oils decreased short chain fatty acids (FA), medium chain, saturated FA and atherogenicity index; and increased C18:0, C18:1-9, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (CLA), C18:1 trans-11, long chain and monounsaturated FA. In addition, these diets increased polyunsaturated:saturated (PUFA:SFA) ratio compared to the control diet. Experiment II: Four ruminally cannulated ram lambs were assigned to a 4 x 4 Latin Square design to determine the effects of the diets used in Experiment I on intake, nutrient digestibility and ruminal measures. There was no difference (P>0.10) on DM intake and nutrient digestibility. The oil addition increased pH values and decreased short chain FA. Experiment III: the objective was to evaluate the performance of 36 crossbred Dorper x Santa Inês lambs fed diets with 90% concentrate hay with 3% canola oil, sunflower oil or castor oil. There was no difference on DM intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion, with average across diets of 957.7 g, 326.4 g and 3.0 kg DMI/kg ADG, respectively. These diets were also evaluated in four ruminally cannulated ram lambs in a 4x4 Latin Square design. There was no difference in DM intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and ruminal measures, with the exception for ammonia concentration that decreased with oil addition. In the Experiment IV were determine: carcass characteristics, Longissimus dorsi fatty acid profile and physical-chemical composition of the lambs used in Experiment III. The diet with castor oil increased meat ether extract. Sunflower diet decreased C18:1-9 and increased concentrations of C18:1 trans. Castor oil decreased the concentration of C18:2 and PUFA:SFA ratio compared to canola and sunflower oils. Canola and sunflower decreased the concentration of C16:0, increased the concentration of C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (CLA) and C18:3 -6. Canola oil increased the concentration of C18:3 -3 and sunflower oil increased 6:3 ratio compared to castor oil.
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Cecchi, Lorenzo. "Extra virgin olive oil, olive milling by-products and “virgin grape seed oil”: chemical characterization, biological activity and sensorial studies for their nutraceutical valorization". Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1150123.
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This thesis was focused on the nutraceutical valorization of extra virgin olive oil, “virgin” grape seed oil and olive milling by-products. This objective was pursued by a multidisciplinary approach involving chemical characterization and studies of biological activity and sensorial characteristic of the products.
In particular, the following specific objectives have been pursued:
1. to study the impact of several factors on olive oil quality and to develop suitable analytical methods to check this quality
2. to characterize composition and biological activities of phenolic fractions from “virgin” grape-seed oils
3. to develop suitable strategies for using by-products from virgin olive oil production for human consumption.
Regarding the first objective, a new methodological approach for evaluate the percentage of phenolic compounds transferred from olive fruits to olive oil during milling was developed and applied. Our results showed that up to 0.40% of phenols are transferred by the two-phase system and up to 0.19% with the three-phase system. These data are up to 25 times lower than those previously reported in the literature. At the same time, we studied the effect of olive paste moisture on content and profile of phenolic compounds in extractable oil at lab scale, by diluting freeze-dried olive pastes at a moisture range of 0-60%. Results showed that the % of extracted phenols reaches a maximum at a certain moisture content, that is lower than 40%, so that processing procedures able to control the olive fruit moisture may led to technological innovations.
In a further part of the thesis, we described, for the first time, the presence of new lignans, isobaric to the well known pinoresinol and 1-acetoxypinoresinol, in olive oil. Studying partially and fully-refined oils, it emerged that these isobaric lignans are formed during the bleaching step of the refining process, so that we were able to propose the detection of these molecules as markers of undeclared refining procedures in commercial virgin and extra virgin olive oils. Again, in order to check the quality of virgin olive oil, we developed and validated a new analytical method for the quantification of volatile organic compounds of virgin olive oil, with the aim to support the panel test in olive oil classification. This method, based on HS-SPME-GC-MS, uses up to 11 internal standard for area normalization and allows quantifying 70 VOCs in wide ranges of calibration.
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In the second part, we investigated the phenolic composition of 17 monocultivar commercial cold-pressed grape seed oils, by HPLC-DAD-MS-TOF. Total phenolic content ranged between 1-15 mg/kg, and pinoresinol, ethyl caffeate and ethyl gallate were detected for the first time in this type of oil. Our studies also highlighted a good correlation between total phenolic content and inhibitory power of PTP-1B, an enzyme overexpressed in type-two diabetes, with pinoresinol, p-coumaric acid and quercetin that making the great contribution. Thid work contributed to clarify this matter because contradictory results were reported in the literature.
Finally, in the third part, we proposed different possible use of olive milling by-products, mainly for human nutrition. A first study was aimed to evaluate the quality and the stability of retentates obtained from olive mill wastewaters treated with a membrane filtration system. Results showed a reproducibility of the process over years, a high stability of hydroxytyrosol in the liquid retentates at 18-24°C over 24 months of storage and that retentates of reverse osmosis have the highest phenolic content. These retentates could be good sources of natural antioxidants and potassium and are suitable to formulate new food ingredient or food products.
At the same time, we characterized pâté, a new type of olive pomace, potentially suitable for human consumption. In the first part of the work, we determined the phenolic profile of pâté in fresh, dried and stored samples, and evaluated the antiaging effect in a cell senescence model. Results showed antiaging effects in vitro, comparable to those of pure hydroxytyrosol and that 1 g of paté provides a daily intake of total phenols comparable to that derived from 200 g of a typical virgin olive oil, demonstrating the potential value of this natural ingredient for human nutrition. However, before an ingredient could be successfully marketed, foods including this ingredient in their recipes must be perceived as pleasant by the consumer. For this reason, in the last part of my thesis, we tested the consumer acceptance of pasta, bread and granola bar fortified with suitable % of pâté, characterizing their sensory profile and evaluating the acceptance of naïve consumers. This part, performed at the University of California, Davis, allowed us highlighting that consumers accepted these products, confirming pâté as potential nutraceutical ingredient for improving the daily intake of phenolic compounds from Olea europaea L., also giving additional economic value to the olive oil production chain
Książki na temat "Oil mill by-Products"
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Uloth, Victor Charles. Waste fatty acid addition to black liquor to decrease tall oil soap solubility and increase skimming efficiency in kraft mills pulping mountain pine beetle-infested wood. Victoria, B.C: Pacific Forestry Centre, 2009.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Oil mill by-Products"
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Peri, Claudio, i Primo Proietti. "Olive mill waste and by-products". W The Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Handbook, 283–302. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118460412.ch22.
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Hassen, Wafa, Bilel Hassen, Rim Werhani, Yassine Hidri, Naceur Jedidi i Abdennaceur Hassen. "Processes of Valorization and Management of Olive By-Products: The Pomace and Olive Mill Wastewater". W Wastewater from Olive Oil Production, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23449-1_1.
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Toscano, Pietro, i Francesco Montemurro. "Olive Mill By-Products Management". W Olive Germplasm - The Olive Cultivation, Table Olive and Olive Oil Industry in Italy. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52039.
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Elsabaawy, Eman H., i Sawsan M. Gad. "Lipids in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Effect on Human Health". W Precision Agriculture Technologies for Food Security and Sustainability, 344–67. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5000-7.ch015.
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Scientific evidence and nutritional guidelines recommend a reduction in total fat intake, particularly of saturated fatty acids, which are associated with an increased risk of obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and cancer. Nutritionists recommend a higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially n-3 PUFA at the expense of n-6 PUFA. Besides the beneficial effects of n-3 fatty acids on human health, the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers have attracted increased attention as a result of their health promoting biological properties. As milk and meat are the main sources of CLA for human consumption, increasing such important nutrient in animal products is strongly recommended. Fat supplementation is one of the methods of increasing PUFA content in ruminant products, and it has been shown that PUFA can be increased in milk by supplementation with vegetable oils and oil seeds. Vegetable oils as equivalent to oilseeds show similar effects on CLA content in ruminant products.
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Upadhyay, Aditya, i Neha Chaudhary. "Computer Vision Approach for Detecting Adulteration of Ghee with Foreign Fats – A Survey". W Recent Trends in Intensive Computing. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc210216.
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Ghee is pure clarified fat derived from milk, yogurt and fresh cream. It is most commonly used milk fat product in India. The consumption and production of ghee is consistently increasing by 10% in our country in every year. In comparison to other milk fat product, ghee is expensive and short in demand because of its pleasant taste or high nutrition value. Due to its high cost and demand in market, there are high possibilities to adulterate it with cheap fats like vegetable oil/animal body fats. The adulteration detection of ghee is becoming a serious issue to chemists. Several analytical and instrumental methods are available for the detecting adulteration in ghee based on chemical principles. On the basis of study, it was observed that analytical methods are not suitable to detect the adulteration level of <15%. In recent time, digital image analysis is introduced in the field of adulteration detection in food products. A very few studies found in the area of milk fat adulteration detection with foreign fats using image analysis. Various studies found related to detection of adulteration in Oils (like Extra virgin olive oil, sesame oil etc.) with cheap oil using the various color models (like CIELAB, RGB, HSV, CMYK) and machine learning algorithms.
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Awere, Eric, Alessandra Bonoli, Peter Appiah Obeng, Sara Pennellini, Sara Bottausci, William Kwaasi Amanor i Emmanuel Kekeli Akuaku. "Small-Scale Palm Oil Production in Ghana: Practices, Environmental Problems and Potential Mitigating Measures". W Palm Oil - Current Status and Updates [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106174.
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The environmental impact of small-scale palm oil processing mills in Ghana has come under serious questioning, especially the disposal of wastewater generated from their operations. This chapter describes the small-scale palm oil production operations in Ghana to highlight the associated environmental problems arising from the disposal of wastewater and other waste by-products. The chapter further discusses the effluent discharge permitting arrangements and possible modifications to the production practices and policy interventions that could improve their environmental compliance and encourage resource recovery. The data in this chapter was obtained from a survey of selected small-scale palm oil processing mills in Ghana, laboratory analysis of wastewater samples from processing mills and review of related literature. Wastewater generated from the processing activities is currently disposed of without any form of treatment. The characteristics of wastewater indicate the need for treatment before disposal. Treatment technologies that could achieve resource recovery (such as biogas, compost, earthworm biomass) and fit into the framework of circular economy should be explored.
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Crane, Hewitt, Edwin Kinderman i Ripudaman Malhotra. "Energy Today". W A Cubic Mile of Oil. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195325546.003.0011.
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The energy industry is one of the largest of the world’s industries and one that directly influences the lives of the vast majority of the world’s population. However, the industry’s day-to-day conduct generally receives minimal public attention. Such exceptional events as an embargo on fuel shipments, a sudden rise in fuel prices, a widespread electricity shortage or outage, the rare nuclear accident, or a massive hurricane that affects oil production do make the national news, of course, and often receive prolonged coverage. Yet the more common events such as refinery fires, oil tanker wrecks, pipeline leaks and explosions, and coal-mine disasters attract the attention of only a relatively few, and then too often only in passing. And while the public attention to its activities can be fleeting, the industry is massive. Its size and influence are often overlooked, and the investments required to produce our needed energy are difficult to calculate. Using Exxon-Mobil, the largest of the petroleum companies, as a model, we estimate that the depreciated capital costs for the production of oil, gas, and chemical products derived from them are about $2.5 trillion per CMO. New investments required could be twice as large. A lack of public knowledge and the consequent lack of political will can only exacerbate our general inability to understand the enormity of rapidly changing the resources and technologies this industry employs. We begin our analysis of the state of the energy industry by first distinguishing between primary and secondary sources of energy. Next we examine the overall production of energy by the different primary sources. We then discuss the production and consumption of energy in different regions across the globe. We also look at the per capita consumption in these regions because it is germane to the discussion in chapter 4 of the projections for future energy use. Finally, because more than 40% of primary energy is converted into secondary sources or energy carriers (mainly electricity) before its end use, we survey the different secondary energy sources and their markets.
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Danielski, Renan, Gabriela Polmann i Jane Mara Block. "Valorization of Native Nuts from Brazil and Their Coproducts". W Innovation in the Food Sector Through the Valorization of Food and Agro-Food By-Products [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95056.
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The consumption of nuts as part of a healthy diet and active lifestyle has long been associated with chronic disease prevention. Nuts and their coproducts such as oil, cake, plant-based milk substitutes, flour, and shell are rich in lipids, proteins, phenolics, and other bioactive compounds. Nut flour also presents interesting physical properties, such as water or oil holding capacity, foam properties, emulsifying activity, and emulsion stability. These biological and physical properties make these products commercially attractive as organic ingredients in several foods such as spreads, bakery products, and cereal bars. In this chapter, the nutritional and bioactive profiles, as well as the evidenced health-promoting effects of nuts originating from Brazil, will be discussed. The focus will be on commercial nuts such as cashews, pecan, and Brazil nuts, along with some underexplored and relatively unknown indigenous species, such as sapucaia, chichá, monguba, and pracaxi. The knowledge of these Brazilian native nuts and their coproducts is important for stimulating their consumption among the population and their large-scale commercialization.
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Rekowsky, Bruna Samara dos Santos, Matheus Carvalho Freire de Oliveira, Uiara Moreira Paim, José Givanildo da Silva i Marion Pereira da Costa. "Mastitis in Dairy Species". W Cases on Managing Dairy Productive Chains, 108–37. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5472-5.ch006.
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The milk composition and quality are related to the animal's health (cow, buffalo, goat, and sheep). The mammary gland disease negatively impacts agricultural economies by reducing milk production and quality, treatment costs, discarded milk, and reduced longevity of animals. Therefore, the chapter reports how and which anatomical, physiological, and behavioral differences inherent to each species can influence the occurrence, treatment, and prevention of mastitis. Thus, early detection and antibiotic resistance are essential factors to exploit new detection methods and more natural remedies associated with reducing antimicrobial therapies such as antioxidants, nanoparticles, or essential oils base-plant. Furthermore, healthy animal selection and being genetically resistant to mastitis associated with reasonable hygienic procedures, training programs, and periodic equipment maintenance are crucial steps to ensure the supply of good quality milk and dairy products without risks to the population. In addition, these measures must respect the specificities of each milk-producing species.
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Gordon, Robert B. "Community, Culture, and Industrial Ecology". W A Landscape Transformed. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128185.003.0013.
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The people who settied northwestern Connecticut created an agricultural surplus that allowed them to undertake industrial ventures within a few years of their arrival. Their knowledge of the mechanical arts, coupled with the region’s natural resources, gave them opportunities to make material goods needed by their neighbors. Successive generations continued industrial use of the region’s natural resources over the next two centuries, each making its own choices about how to structure its enterprise within the framework of values and beliefs held separately by individuals and in common within the community. Each had to respond to changes in markets and the advent of new products and techniques. These opportunities, and the participants’ choices about how to use them, combined to create the region’s industrial ecology. Like the rest of the New England hill country, northwestern Connecticut had two abundant, renewable natural resources: streams with steep gradients and reliable flow for waterpower, and forest that covered the large areas that were too steep or too thinly mantled with soil for decent pasture. Millwrights could easily build waterpower systems on the streams, and farmers could manage the forest for continuous production of fuel wood, since it regrew trees to useful size within about twenty years. Unlike other highlands, however, northwestern Connecticut had a unique mineral resource: iron ore beds unmatched elsewhere in New England. Everyone in the newly settled lands and on the frontiers expanding into Vermont and New York in the early eighteenth century needed iron products. As described in chapter 3, individuals throughout the Salisbury district, aided by family members or fluid partnerships, built bloomery forges that they operated as components of their cropping, husbandry, or mercantile enterprises. Nearly every family in Kent and the other new towns had a partner in one of the forges. Individuals lacking metallurgical skills or access to any capital dug ore or cut wood. Others developed their skills as colliers or millwrights. Negotiated exchanges of labor and services among these artisans promoted interdependence within the community. As the colonists in southern New England increasingly mechanized their grain, timber, and cloth production in the mid—eighteenth century, they brought a new opportunity to the ironmakers of the Salisbury disno trict. By making standard parts for grain mills, sawmills, fulling mills, and oil mills that they could distribute widely, Salisbury ironmakers added value to the bar iron they made and enlarged the scope of their market.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Oil mill by-Products"
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Kulkarni, Anil, Sirshendu Chatterjee, Yogesh Patel i Nitin Amte. "Development of API 5L X-80 Plates and Pipes at Essar Steel". W ASME 2013 India Oil and Gas Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iogpc2013-9822.
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India is a large and rapidly growing economy. The energy requirements of the country in terms of oil products and natural gas is also huge. Given its vast geographical size, there is ever-growing need to transport these oil & gas products over large distances but economically. For this purpose, several new projects for laying of new pipeline networks are at different stages of planning. In order to keep the cost of such large pipeline projects lower, countries around the world have shifted to higher strength API grades of steel. This was facilitated by advances in steel-making and processing technology and modern facilities that came up in advanced countries. India is no different and we have seen a gradual shift towards higher strength API grades being used for pipelines. Essar Steel has been a major producer of API grades of steel in India over the last 15 years initially through its hot-strip mill and more recently adding a state-of-the-art 5M wide plate mill as well as pipe mills, both LSAW & HSAW. Different alloy designs have been used around the world to produce high strength and high toughness API grades. These have produced essentially two types of microstructures which are either ferrite + pearlite or ferrite + acicular ferrite. But these microstructures show varying response to the pipe-making process. Choice of alloy design also has a major bearing on the cost of steel, but is partly influenced by mill capability. At Essar, while cost was a major determining criterion for selection of suitable alloy design, mill capability was not a constraint. Essar Steel has successfully produced X-80 plates and pipes with a modified HTP alloy design and using the new facilities of plate mill & pipe mill. The paper gives some of the key highlights of this development activity. This was a collaborative effort between the metallurgists & engineers at Essar Steel India Limited and experts from CBMM.
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J. A. Garcia-Nunez, M. Garcia-Perez i K.C. Das. "Determination of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Degradation of Palm Oil Mill by Products Using Thermogravimetric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry". W 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21519.
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Alzamora, Sebastian. "The Palm oil crop in Ecuador and its extraction". W 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/dqiq8597.
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The purpose of this presentation is to take you through the process of the Palm oil crop, harvest, and industrialization to obtain Crude Palm Oil (CPO).Palm oil crops started in Ecuador in 1950 and since then it has brought jobs, wealth and development to our society. Now, 80% of farmers have less than 50 hectares counting to a total of 256 000 hectares. Oil Palm tree is a perennial crop that starts production approximately 24 months after it is planted in the soil. It is harvested every 8 days all year round and it is one of the most versatile products in the world. All components of the fruit have a use for the mill and the plantation.There are two main varieties of Oil Palm trees, which require different tasks: Elaeis Guinesis and High Oleic Palm Tree which is more resistant to diseases, such as Bud Root (PC), and with a higher oil yield per area.Many tasks are needed to maintain the Palm Oil crop, which results in an optimal percentage of oil extraction in the Palm Oil Mill. Some tasks include: Weed cut around the plantation, the €œcorona€ to maintain the area around the palm tree clean, pruning of the leaves, fertilization, pest control and harvest.After harvest, the Oil Palm tree fruit goes into the mill. The extraction of the palm oil is carried out by mechanical means where the fruit first goes trough a sterilizer to soften the tissue and stop the acidification process. The bunch is separated in the fruit threshing drum, and then transported to the digester and twin-screw press where the oil is extracted by pressure. This oil is separated from water and palm cake in the Tridecanter. The process results in two main products: Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel nut which goes to the Kernel Mill to extract Palm Kernel Oil (PKO), palm kernel cakeEcuador is the 10th biggest Palm Oil producer in the world and now, 19% of total crop area, and growing, is RSPO certified and an important producer of Organic Palm Oil.
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Mahapatra, R., Rait Jaspal Singh, Samuel Pappy, Inder Singh, Ajay Kumar, Deepak Saxena, V. Martin i R. K. Malhotra. "A Study on the Performance of Rolling Oil During Cold Rolling of Stainless Steel Simulating Industrial Condition". W ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference and in participation with the International Conference on Tribology Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2012-7373.
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The primary role of rolling oil in cold rolling is to reduce friction at the rubbing interface of the work roll and metal sheet surface. The rolling performance as well as cost effectiveness of rolled products is influenced by quality of the rolling oil. Lubricants are required to function under increasingly stressful operating conditions, so it is a challenge to evaluate the product under simulated conditions to improve the customer confidence in its performance. A steel rolling mill customer had requested us to develop a rolling oil to roll stainless steel in a new 3-stand 18-high rolling mill and demonstrate its performance on an experimental set up. The present paper describes the methodology adopted to assess the suitability of a rolling oil for the particular rolling mill. The screening was carried out with a SRV (Schwingungs Reibungs und Verschleisstest, meaning Vibration, friction and Abrasion) tribometer and EHD (Elasto-hydrodynamic) interferometry based film thickness apparatus to assess the frictional and film forming characteristics of the oil under simulated operating conditions. In addition, simulated tests were carried out on a laboratory 2-Hi Experimental rolling mill to find out the specific roll force (rolling force per unit width of the strip being rolled) required to obtain 55–60% cumulative reduction in three passes as desired by the customer for different grades of stainless steel. Based on results obtained in the laboratory mill simulating industrial test conditions, the product was recommended and was accepted by the customer for use in their rolling mill.
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Valli, Enrico, Ilaria Grigoletto, Patricia Garcia Salas, Alessandra Bendini, Federica Pasini, Sebastian Sánchez Villasclaras, Roberto García Ruiz i Tullia Gallina Toschi. "Study of the Phenolic Fraction for the Valorization of Olive Pomace as a Functional Ingredient". W 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/vnbg6136.
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Olive oil production is an agro-industrial activity that generates annually about 30 million tons of waste at worldwide level with a potential environmental impact in the Mediterranean area. In olive mill pomace, one of the major by-products, remain large amounts of phenolic compounds, that are widely recognised for their beneficial properties for human health. The aim of this work is to study a possible valorisation strategy for recovering this functional high-added value fraction of olive mill pomace. The herein-tested extraction procedures were applied on two different types of olive by-products, collected from an Italian oil mill. Solid-liquid extraction protocols by using different solvents with low toxicity for the environment and lab operators were tested. In particular, the used solvent mixtures were methanol/water and ethanol/water, in different ratios and volumes. In brief, the mixture composed by the olive mill pomace and the extraction solvents was homogenised, then introduced in an ultrasonic bath to enhance the extraction of the compounds of interest, and finally centrifugated. The supernatant was analysed by HPLC coupled with UV and MS detectors to study the phenolic profile. An aliquot of the obtained polar fraction was hydrolysed to determine the total content of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol derived, above all, from secoiridoids. The results support that the obtained phenolic extracts, when properly stored, can be used as functional ingredients in the food industry, as well as in other sectors. The project SUSTAINOLIVE “NOVEL APPROACHES TO PROMOTE THE SUSTAINABILITY OF OLIVE GROVES IN THE MEDITERRANEAN” is part of the PRIMA programme supported by the EU under grant agreement No 1811. The information expressed in this abstract reflects the authors’ views; the PRIMA Foundation is not liable for the information contained herein and is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
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Lemiasheuski, V. O., M. M. Ozcan i K. S. Ostrenko. "MILK AND MILK BY PRODUCTS AND ALTERNATiVE ASSESSMENT METHODS". W SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-1-225-228.
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There are always byproducts and residues in the processing of raw material into final crops. These constitute parts of the original material that are not evaluated. In the dairy industry, various residues remain in the processing of the raw material milk into crops. “Skimmed milk, cheese water and buttermilk” are left over from the separation of milk into cream, processing into cheese and butter and making butter from yogurt. In terms of utilizing these substances, preventing the loss of nutritionally important nutrients, and also using them in animal and human nutrition, commercial products such as glue, oil paint, artificial fabric contain raw materials such as acetone, alcohol, acid. They are of great importance in terms of food supply and economy.
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Toma, Diana, Silke Harksen, Dorothee Niklasch, Denise Mahn i Ashraf Koka. "Development of X90 and X100 Steel Grades for Seamless Linepipe Products". W 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33099.
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The general trend in oil and gas industry gives a clear direction towards the need for high strength grades up to X100. The exploration in extreme regions and under severe conditions, e.g. in ultra deep water regions also considering High Temperature/High Pressure Fields or arctic areas, becomes more and more important with respect to the still growing demand of the world for natural resources. Further, the application of high strength materials enables the possibility of structure weight reduction which benefits to materials and cost reduction and increase of efficiency in the pipe line installation process. To address these topics, the development of such high strength steel grades with optimum combination of high tensile properties, excellent toughness properties and sour service resistivity for seamless quenched and tempered pipes are in the focus of the materials development and improvement of Vallourec. This paper will present the efforts put into the materials development for line pipe applications up to grade X100 for seamless pipes manufactured by Pilger Mill. The steel concept developed by Vallourec over the last years [1,2] was modified and adapted according to the technical requirements of the Pilger rolling process. Pipes with OD≥20″ and wall thickness up to 30 mm were rolled and subsequent quenched and tempered. The supportive application of thermodynamic and kinetic simulation techniques as additional tool for the material development was used. Results of mechanical characterization by tensile and toughness testing, as well as microstructure examination by light-optical microscopy will be shown. Advanced investigation techniques as scanning electron microcopy and electron backscatter diffraction are applied to characterize the pipe material up to the crystallographic level. The presented results will demonstrate not only the effect of a well-balanced alloying concept appointing micro-alloying, but also the high sophisticated and precise thermal treatment of these pipe products. The presented alloying concept enables the production grade X90 to X100 with wall thickness up to 30 mm and is further extending the product portfolio of Vallourec for riser systems for deepwater and ultra-deep water application [1, 3, 4].
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Wang, Li, Changchun Wu, Lili Zuo, Yanfei Huang i Haihong Chen. "Optimization of the Receipt and Delivery Schedules for a Transfer Tank Farm of Products Pipeline Network". W ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65276.
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Transfer tank farms play an important role in an oil products pipeline network, which receive oil products from upstream pipelines and deliver them to downstream pipelines. The scheduling problem for oil products supply chain is very complicated because of numerous constraints to be considered. The published literatures on schedule optimization of oil products pipeline network usually focus on the batch plans of each pipeline, without consideration on the receipt and delivery schedule of transfer tank farm. In this paper, a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed for the schedule optimization of transfer tank farm. The objective of the model is to minimize switching times of the tank operations of a tank farm during a planning horizon, while fulfilling the products transmission requirements of the upstream and downstream pipelines of the tank farm. The constraints of the model include material balance, the operational rules of tanks, the topological structure constraints of the tank farm, the settling period of the oil products stored in dedicated tank and so on. To satisfy the constraint of fulfilling the specific transmission requirements of pipelines, concepts of static and dynamic time slot are proposed. A continuous time representation is used to obtain accurate optimal schedules and decrease scale of the model by reducing the number of variables. The model is solved by CPLEX solver for a transfer tank farm of an oil products pipeline network in China. Some examples are tested under different scenarios and the results show that global optimal solution can be obtain at acceptable computational costs.
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Camporeale, S. M., F. Casalini i A. Saponaro. "Mild Combustion in a Novel CCGT Cycle With Partial Flue Gas Recirculation". W ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38743.
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A novel Combined Cycle Gas Turbine layout is proposed for using heavy fuel oil in a combustion mode called “Mild Combustion”, characterized by a very low adiabatic flame temperature and flat temperature field in the combustion chamber and low pollutant emissions. “Mild Combustion” is obtained by means of the dilution of reactants with inert gas like combustion product resulting in a very low oxygen concentration of the mixture at the ignition. To stabilize the combustion process in such a condition the reactants temperature has to be raised above the self ignition value. In industrial application this particular preconditioning of the reactants can be reached partially before the combustion chamber and finally in process by means of a performed aerodynamic that further dilute and heat-up the mixture. An experimental analysis of the oil combustion behaviour inside the gas turbine exhaust flow has been arranged at Centro Combustione of Ansaldo Caldaie in Gioia del Colle (Italy). The turbine exhaust gases are simulated by mixing those produced in a gas burner with external air preheated at different temperatures in order to have different final oxygen concentrations and temperature levels. The influence of the main combustion parameters regarding the process feasibility and environmental impact are presented and analysed. Good results in terms of NOx emissions and soot formation have been obtained for heavy oil combustion in a 10% oxygen oxidizer concentration requiring a combustion chamber inlet temperature of about 900K. In order to meet these conditions, a novel CCGT cycle in which about 64% of combustion products are re-circulated before entering the combustion chamber, is proposed. The thermodynamic analysis shows that the efficiency that could be achieved by the proposed cycle is a few percent lower than the efficiency of a combined cycle power plant fuelling natural gas, with the same turbine inlet temperature and similar turbine blade cooling technology.
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Ziqian, Li, i Zheng Guo. "Succinylated cellulose-based ampholytic amphiphiles as a novel dual-function emulsifier for the emulsions". W 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/ywvv1947.
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Cellulose and STOC (Soluble Tempo-mediated Oxidized Cellulose) were chemically modified with different alkyl succinic anhydride with varying chain lengths including succinic anhydride (SAC0), 2-Octen-1-ylsuccinic anhydride (SAC8), or 2-dodecen-1-yl succinic anhydride to fabricate novel emulsifiers to stabilize the fish oil-in-water emulsion system. After the pretreatment-Tempo-mediated Oxidation, STOC was characterized by Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), Carboxylated content, Degree of Oxidation, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Based on it, the succinylated STOC-based materials (STOC-SAC0, STOC-SAC8, STOC-SAC12) and cellulose-based materials (Cellulose-SAC0, Cellulose-SAC8, Cellulose-SAC12), as a comparison, were investigated. The contact angle of products, particle size, zeta-potential, CLSM of the emulsions, antioxidative activity were studied. Compared with other products, STOC-SAC12 showed a better surface activity with the lowest contact angle. The emulsion coated by STOC-SAC12 formed a more uniform and smaller particle size in the milk-like emulsion system proved by DLC and. Besides, the STOC-SAC12 possessed good antioxidant properties including ABTS radical scavenging and Ferrous chelating ability. Therefore, STOC-SAC12 represents a promising material with potential applications in commercial food items to deliver sensitive oily nutritional ingredients.