Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Obesity in children – Complications”
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E.V.Pavlovskaya, E. V. Pavlovskaya, M. E. Bagaeva M.E.Bagaeva, A. V. Starodubova A.V.Starodubova, A. G. Surkov A.G.Surkov i B. S. Kaganov. "Complications of obesity in children and adolescents". Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 7, nr 3 (2012): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2013-3-50-58.
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Daniels, S. R. "Complications of obesity in children and adolescents". International Journal of Obesity 33, S1 (kwiecień 2009): S60—S65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.20.
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MAGGIO, A. B. R., X. E. MARTIN, C. SAUNDERS GASSER, C. GAL-DUDING, M. BEGHETTI, N. J. FARPOUR-LAMBERT i C. CHAMAY-WEBER. "Obesity-related complications in children attending a specialized pediatric obesity center." Appetite 76 (maj 2014): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.060.
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Moreno, L. A., G. Bueno-Lozano, A. I. Rupérez, P. Argente-Arizón i G. Pérez-Gimeno. "Cardiometabolic and Cardiovascular Complications of Obesity in Children". International Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health 8, nr 1 (10.12.2020): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12974/2311-8687.2020.08.8.
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Iaru, Oana, Mihaela Oros i D. Oraseanu. "OBESITY AND SLEEP-RELATED PATHOLOGY IN CHILDREN". Romanian Journal of Pediatrics 64, nr 1 (31.03.2015): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjp.2015.1.2.
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Obesity is a public health problem, with an important increase in prevalence in the last decades, pediatric population also fits these characteristics. Among the systemic complications of obesity is included the sleep – related respiratory pathology. The association obstructive sleep apnea – obesity is suspected in a child who snores, has sleep fragmentation and breathing pauses, but the diagnosis is confirmed using polysomnography. Obstructive sleep apnea has many kinds of complications (increased by the association with obesity) – cardiac, metabolic, neurocognitive, all of them affecting the quality of life. The treatment of obstructive sleep apnea includes weight loss, adenotonsillectomy and CPAP ventilation.
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El Wakeel, Maged A., Ghada M. El-Kassas, Alyaa H. Kamhawy, Essam M. Galal, Maysa S. Nassar, Elsayed Mahmoud Hammad i Salwa Refat El-Zayat. "Serum Apelin and Obesity-Related Complications in Egyptian Children". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, nr 8 (17.08.2018): 1354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2018.312.
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BACKGROUND: The rapidly increasing prevalence of childhood obesity became a major burden on health worldwide, giving an alarm to clinicians and researchers. Adipocytes act as an active endocrine organ by releasing plenty of bioactive mediators (adipokines) that play a major role in regulating metabolic processes. Apelin is a recently identified adipokine that is expressed in adipocytes.AIM: The current work aimed to uncover the relation between serum apelin and childhood obesity and its related complications as hypertension and hyperglycemiaMETHOD: A group of 50 obese and 31 non-obese; sex- and age-matched children were enrolled in our study with a mean age of (9.5 ± 2.1) and (8.7 ± 1.3) respectively. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, were assessed in all studied participants, we also determined the lipid profile, serum insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, HOMA-IR and serum apelin.RESULTS: Obese children had higher levels of HbA1c, FBG, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP Z-score); compared to controls (all P < 0.05). Apelin was significantly higher in obese children versus controls and correlated positively with BMI Z-Score (P = 0.008), DBP Z-Score (P = 0.02), cholesterol, TG (both P = 0.02), serum insulin (P = 0.003), FBG and HOMA-IR (both P = 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that FBG was the most effective factor in predicting the level of serum apelin (P = 0.04).CONCLUSION: This work supports the hypothesis that apelin may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of health hazards related to obesity in children including insulin resistance, hypertension and a higher risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome.
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Pontarelli, E. M., L. Nosonov, I. Ma, J. R. Pierce, K. Y. Kwan i A. Mody. "Obesity in Children Does Not Increase Complications of Appendicitis". Journal of Surgical Research 186, nr 2 (luty 2014): 570–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.496.
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SEI, MASAKO, TADANORI NAKATSU, KYOKO YUASA, HISAKO TANAKA, HOKUMA MUNAKATA i YUTAKA NAKAHORI. "Prevalence of metabolic complications in children with severe obesity". Pediatrics International 49, nr 5 (październik 2007): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.2007.02431.x.
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Halpern, Anna B., Jennifer JG Welch, Priya Hirway i Anjulika Chawla. "Prevalence and Complications of Obesity in Sickle Cell Disease." Blood 112, nr 11 (16.11.2008): 1434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1434.1434.
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Abstract Background: Obesity is associated with major health problems in the pediatric population and is a fundamental risk factor for adult obesity with its concomitant morbidities. Sickle cell disease (SCD) has historically been associated with poor nutritional status rather than obesity. Children with SCD, however, have many general risk-factors and disease-specific characteristics, such as ethnic distribution and sedentary lifestyle, that may increase their risk for obesity. We hypothesized that the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents with SCD would reflect that of the general pediatric population and that obesity would be associated with demographic and disease-specific variables. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all pediatric and young adult patients over the age of two in the Hasbro/RIH Sickle Cell clinics from 1980- 2008, collecting cross-sectional and longitudinal demographic and clinical variables. The primary outcome was the prevalence of overweight and obesity in this population. Secondary endpoints included the association of obesity with demographic and clinical variables and longitudinal growth trends. Body mass indices (BMI) were calculated for each subject, who were then categorized as underweight, healthy weight, overweight, or obese based on the International Obesity Task Force guidelines. Chi-square, Fischer exact tests, and T-tests were used to evaluate associations between overweight/obesity and the hypothesized risk factors and morbidities. Odds ratios were then calculated to determine the strength of these associations. This project was approved by the local Institutional Review Board. Results: The analysis included 149 subjects with a mean age of 13.2±6.5 years, 51% male, and a mean hemoglobin of 9.7±1.8. The mean BMI was 20.5±6.3 with a range from 13.1–49.1. Five percent of the subjects were underweight, 70% healthy weight, 12% overweight, and 13% obese. The most common morbidities included acute chest syndrome (44%), frequent (>3/yr) pain crises (34%), asthma (17%), and obstructive sleep apnea (17%). Overweight and obesity were not associated with gender, race, or insurance status in this population. The overweight/obese group was significantly older than the non-overweight group (15.3 years vs. 12.4 years, p=.02). Obesity was associated with sickle cell genotype: subjects with less severe genotypes were more likely to be obese than those with the most severe genotypes (p<.01). Likewise, the mean hemoglobin was higher in the overweight/obese group than the non-obese group (10.3 vs. 9.5, p=.01). Obesity was also associated with a higher risk of certain SCD- and obesity-related morbidities including osteonecrosis (p=.01) and hypertension (p<.01). The overweight/obese group spent more time hospitalized over the past year than the non-overweight group (9.5 days vs. 2.1 days, p<.01). Overweight/obesity did not increase the likelihood of being on hydroxyurea treatment or requiring chronic transfusions, and did not increase the risk of acute chest syndrome, pain crises, asthma, obstructive sleep apnea, priapism, splenic sequestration, stroke, or abnormal transcranial doppler studies. Conclusions: In contrast to traditional thinking, this is the first study to demonstrate a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in pediatric SCD. Indeed, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in our children with SCD parallels that of these conditions in the general pediatric population. In those with SCD, obesity is more common in patients with less severe disease and is more widespread in older children. Additionally, obesity is associated with increased risk of SCD-related morbidities such as osteonecrosis and hypertension and is associated with more hospitalizations.
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Petrova, A. G., L. V. Rychkova, A. S. Vanyarkina, I. Yu Kelesheva, E. V. Moskaleva i E. A. Novikova. "Clinical laboratory features of influenza in children with obesity". Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 15, nr 4 (2020): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2020-4-8-14.
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Objective. To determine the most general patterns of the clinical and laboratory course of seasonal influenza in children with obesity compared with normal weight children. Patients and methods. A retrospective comparative study of 117 medical records of children with influenza admitted from 2016 to 2019 to the Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital was conducted. The study included two groups of children with seasonal influenza: children with obesity (cases, n = 36) and children with normal weight (controls, n = 81). Nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for influenza and other common respiratory pathogens by PCR. A comparative analysis of structure, prevalence and duration of main clinical symptoms and syndromes, occurrence of influenza complications, data of laboratory general, biochemical and instrumental methods of examination in children with and without obesity was carried out. Results. A prevalence of type A influenza virus (H1N1 sw2009) in all children regardless their body weight status was detected. Children with obesity were admitted to the hospital from out-patient department faster (p < 0.005), duration of their hospitalization were longer (p < 0.005). They had higher frequency of pneumonia (p > 0.05), ketoacidosis (p < 0.001). Intravenous maintenance fluid therapy was ordered more often in patients with obesity (p < 0.03). Hematologic factors of blood in children with obesity were defined by significantly higher level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.0006) and platelet level (p = 0.0032). Conclusion. Obesity is considered as an unfavorable factor which aggravates the course of influenza in children. Higher probability of complications in children with obesity and overweight defines the importance of development of additional approaches to the therapy and prevention of acute respiratory diseases in children. Key words: children, clinical symptoms, influenza, obesity, retrospective study
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Triantafyllou, Olga, i Kalliopi Pappa. "Obesity in pregnancy and gestational diabetes". Hellenic Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 18, nr 1 (3.01.2019): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33574/hjog.1693.
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Obesity is widely regarded as a major global pandemic that has extensive complications. Obesity rates have increased dramatically which can significantly lead to both maternal and fetal health complications during pregnancy. Obese women are predisposed to pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Both share common metabolic characteristics. Obesity and gestational diabetes are both related to serious problems during pregnancy, but also to long term maternal – fetal consequences. Children of obese women with GDM are more likely to have propensity for obesity and be insulin resistant, leading to a the vicious cycle of metabolic disorders into the next generation Therefore evaluating the combined association of these problems with pregnancy outcomes is an important issue. In this article, we review the relationship of maternal obesity and GDM and the complications they are associated to.
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Hromadnikova, Ilona, Katerina Kotlabova, Ladislav Krofta i Jan Sirc. "Association Analysis in Children Born from Normal and Complicated Pregnancies—Cardiovascular Disease Associated microRNAs and the Incidence of Prehypertension/Hypertension, Overweight/Obesity, Valve Problems and Heart Defects". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, nr 21 (9.11.2020): 8413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218413.
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The goal was to assess how a history of any kind of pregnancy-related complication altered expression profile of microRNAs played a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the peripheral blood leukocytes of children at the age of 3–11 years. The prior exposure to gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes or spontaneous preterm birth causes that a significant proportion of children (57.42% to 90.0% specifically) had a substantially altered microRNA expression profile, which might be the origin of a lifelong cardiovascular risk. A total of 23 out of 29 tested microRNAs were upregulated in children born from such complicated gestation. The occurrence of overweight, obesity, valve problems and heart defects even intensified upregulation of microRNAs already present in children exposed to such pregnancy complications. The occurrence of overweight/obesity (miR-92a-3p, and miR-210-3p) and valve problems or heart defects (miR-342-3p) induced microRNA upregulation in children affected with pregnancy complications. Overall, 42.86% overweight/obese children and 27.36% children with valve problems or heart defects had even higher microRNA levels than children with normal clinical findings after complicated pregnancies. In addition, the microRNA expression profile was also able to differentiate between children descending from normal gestation in relation to the occurrence of overweight and obesity. Screening on the base of the combination of 19 microRNAs identified 70.0% overweight/obese children at 90.0% specificity. In general, children after complicated pregnancies, just as children after normal pregnancies, with abnormal findings are at a higher risk of the onset of cardiovascular complications, and their dispensarization, with the aim to implement primary prevention strategies, would be beneficial.
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Bocharova, O. V., i E. D. Teplyakova. "Children and adolescents’ obesity is the 21st century health problem". Kazan medical journal 101, nr 3 (13.06.2020): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-381.
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The article presents a literature review which devotes to one of the major issues of healthcare today obesity in children and adolescents. The consequences of childhood obesity, methods of determination and pathophysiology of obesity are described in detail. It was considered the influence of genetic factors in the formation of obesity, the effect of intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity. The literature search was carried out in the databases of NCBI, PubMed, PubMed Central, eLIBRARY.ru, etc. Obesity in children and adolescents is one of the most important issues for people from most countries in today's world. Worldwide, the prevalence of this pathology has increased over the past three decades. Obesity in children and adolescents is a complex, multifactorial disease in which genetic and non-genetic factors can be identified. Although the vast majority of childhood obesity incidents are exogenous, a small proportion may have endogenous causes. Currently, particular importance is attached to the study of hereditary predictors of obesity and its main complications. Being a complex and inherited trait (disease), obesity is a consequence of the interaction of genetic predisposition, epigenetics, metagenomics, and the environment. Also, recent experimental and clinical data show the importance of intestinal microbiota, which can cause overweight and obesity in some patients. Molecular genetic studies have confirmed changes in intestinal biocenosis with developing obesity in children and adolescents. Obesity, which began in childhood, causes short-term and long-term adverse effects on physical and psychosocial health and largely becomes a risk factor for the development of various metabolic disorders and cardiovascular pathology. Understanding the multifactorial mechanisms involved in the formation of obesity in children and adolescents provides opportunities for the early prevention of obesity and its complications.
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Azcona-Sanjulian, María Cristina. "Telomere Length and Pediatric Obesity: A Review". Genes 12, nr 6 (21.06.2021): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12060946.
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Obesity is a chronic disease, which needs to be early detected early and treated in order prevent its complications. Changes in telomere length (TL) have been associated with obesity and its complications, such as diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to summarize results of studies that have measured TL in children and adolescents with obesity. Fourteen studies aiming to assess TL in pediatric patients with either obesity or who were overweight were included in this review. In conclusion, obesity and adiposity parameters are negatively associated with TL. Shorter telomeres are observed in children with obesity compared with their lean counterparts. Factors involved in obesity etiology, such as diet and physical activity, may contribute to maintenance of TL integrity. In the long term, TL change could be used as a biomarker to predict response to obesity treatment.
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Rupérez, Francisco J., Gabriel Á. Martos-Moreno, David Chamoso-Sánchez, Coral Barbas i Jesús Argente. "Insulin Resistance in Obese Children: What Can Metabolomics and Adipokine Modelling Contribute?" Nutrients 12, nr 11 (29.10.2020): 3310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113310.
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The evolution of obesity and its resulting comorbidities differs depending upon the age of the subject. The dramatic rise in childhood obesity has resulted in specific needs in defining obesity-associated entities with this disease. Indeed, even the definition of obesity differs for pediatric patients from that employed in adults. Regardless of age, one of the earliest metabolic complications observed in obesity involves perturbations in glucose metabolism that can eventually lead to type 2 diabetes. In children, the incidence of type 2 diabetes is infrequent compared to that observed in adults, even with the same degree of obesity. In contrast, insulin resistance is reported to be frequently observed in children and adolescents with obesity. As this condition can be prerequisite to further metabolic complications, identification of biological markers as predictive risk factors would be of tremendous clinical utility. Analysis of obesity-induced modifications of the adipokine profile has been one classic approach in the identification of biomarkers. Recent studies emphasize the utility of metabolomics in the analysis of metabolic characteristics in children with obesity with or without insulin resistance. These studies have been performed with targeted or untargeted approaches, employing different methodologies. This review summarizes some of the advances in this field while emphasizing the importance of the different techniques employed.
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Krasnoperova, O. I., E. N. Smirnova, G. V. Chistousova, V. I. Baturin i E. A. Toropova. "Determinants of obesity in children and adolescents". Obesity and metabolism 10, nr 1 (15.03.2013): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/2071-8713-5066.
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Obesity is a multifactorial disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the etiological factors contributing to the formation of obesity in children and adolescents. Study included two groups of children. Main group: 101 children with obesity aged 10 to 17 years, body mass index (BMI) 31,27±0,51 kg/m 2. Comparison group: of 14 children aged 10 to 17 years, without obesity, BMI 18,54±0,11 kg/m 2. In all children we evaluated perinatal and family history, lifestyle and diet, anthropometric parameters, assessed the progress of sexual development. We found that the manifestation of the disease occurred in the early school years, and in boys significantly earlier than in girls. Mothers of obese children had complications during pregnancy (such as toxaemia, the risk of miscarriage, hypertension, previous medical abortions). The children in the majority of cases were early nursed on milk formula, had violations in feeding regime, and hypokinesia. The disease was shown to run in families.
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Calcaterra, Valeria, Mara De Amici, Maureen M. Leonard, Annalisa De Silvestri, Gloria Pelizzo, Nicoletta Buttari, Alexandre Michev, Miriana Leggio, Daniela Larizza i Hellas Cena. "Serum Calprotectin Level in Children: Marker of Obesity and its Metabolic Complications". Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 73, nr 3 (2018): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492579.
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Aim: Elevated calprotectin levels have been reported in obese adults but have not been evaluated in pediatric population. We investigated the characteristics of serum calprotectin in overweight and obese children and its association with metabolic comorbidities. Methods: We enrolled 131 children (11.7 ± 4.1 years). According to body mass index (BMI), the subjects were divided into 3 groups: obese > 95th percentile; overweight BMI 75th–95th percentile, and normal weight BMI < 75th percentile. Patients were classified as having Metabolic Syndrome if they met 3 or more of the following criteria for age and sex: BMI > 97th percentile, triglycerides > 95th percentile, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 5th percentile, systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure > 95th percentile, and impaired glucose tolerance. In all patients, calprotectin serum levels were also detected. Results: Calprotectin was higher in obese and overweight children than normal weight subjects (p < 0.001), with calprotectin in females being significantly higher than in males (p = 0.04). Increased calprotectin was related to pathological fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001) and insulin resistance (p = 0.03), while BMI (p = 0.001), and diastolic pressure (p = 0.001) are independent factors for increased calprotectin. Conclusions: Our findings confirm the association between increased calprotectin and obesity also in children and suggest the potential utility of this biomarker in the monitoring of its metabolic complications.
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Kocova, Mirjana, Elena Sukarova-Angelovska, Milica Tanaskoska, Snezana Palcevska-Kocevska i Marija Krstevska. "Metabolic Setup and Risks in Obese Children/Metabolički Profil I Rizici Kod Gojazne Dece". Journal of Medical Biochemistry 34, nr 1 (1.01.2014): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jomb-2014-0065.
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Summary Background: In the past decades, the obesity epidemic in children of all ages has been an important research field for detecting the metabolic causes and consequences of obe- sity, the major focus being on insulin and adipocytokine lev- els. Metabolic work-up in obese children is recommended in the age group as young as 2-6 years. There is evidence that birth weight can be a factor causing obesity later in life accompanied by metabolic complications. Methods: Insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels were ana- lyzed in 269 obese children and 60 controls, as well as 110 newborn children with different birth weight and different length of gestation, using standard methods. Results: In 53.6% of the obese children, complications of obesity such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, heart attack or stroke were found in family members. The peak insulinemia on OGTT was significantly higher in the pubertal compared to the prepubertal group (110.5± 75.9 μU/mL versus 72.2±62.7 μU/mL) (p<0.005). Glucose intolerance was confirmed in 24%. The leptin level was significantly higher and the adiponectin level was lower in pubertal obese children compared to the prepubertal children and controls (p<0.05). In newborns the leptin and adiponectin levels were in correlation with anthropometric parameters: body weight (BW), body length (BL), BW/BL, BMI, and the pondered index (p<0.05). Conclusion: Obese children have high insulinemia in all ages, reaching its peak towards puberty. The leptin and adiponectin levels might be indicators of the metabolic syn- drome. Our findings in newborns might influence the nutritional approach in the future in order to prevent complications of obesity.
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Rowicka, Grażyna, Hanna Dyląg, Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz, Agnieszka Riahi, Halina Weker i Magdalena Chełchowska. "Total Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Prepubertal Children with Obesity". Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5621989.
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Aims. Obesity is accompanied by the formation of oxygen free radicals, whose intensified activity without effective defense mechanisms can lead to oxidative stress and related complications. We evaluated the presence of oxidative stress in obese prepubertal children. Methods. The study included 83 healthy children aged 2–10 years (62 with obesity and 21 nonobese controls). Total oxidant capacity (TOC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), lipid parameters, glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results. Serum TOC concentration was significantly higher (p<0.05) and TAC concentration was lower (p<0.05) in obese children. OSI was higher (p<0.01) in obese subjects compared with controls. CRP levels were normal in all children, but median CRP value was higher (p<0.01) and HDL cholesterol levels were lower (p<0.05) in the obese group. We found a significant negative correlation between TAC and ox-LDL concentrations (r=−0.27, p<0.05) in obese children. Furthermore, obesity duration was positively correlated with TOC level (r=0.32, p<0.05) in this group. Conclusions. Obesity-related oxidative stress already occurs in prepubescence. Early obesity diagnosis and the necessary therapeutic activity implementation is a vital strategy for the prophylaxis of free radical damage and related multiorgan complications.
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Kordi, R., i A. H. Memari. "Obesity in children with high-function autism". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzec 2011): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72022-3.
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IntroductionChildhood obesity is a major issue and puts children at risk of physical and psychological health complications. Some studies have evaluated obesity in autism in different countries. However there is few data on the rate of obesity in high-function autism (HFA).AimTo evaluate the weight status of children with HFA in IranMethodsThis cross-sectional survey was carried out in autism specific schools of Tehran in 2010. In total 113 children with HFA ages 6–15 were evaluated. They were classified according to WHO references (2007) for body mass index (BMI) for age and sex as obese, overweight, healthy weight and underweight. We then examined the associations of weight status of these children with some variables and comorbodities.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity in children with HFA was 27.0%, overweight 13.0% and underweight 7.0%. There was a significant correlation between age and BMI (r = 0.26, Pvalue < 0.01). Underweight was associated with neurologic comorbidities (p < 0.05). The rate of obesity has not correlated with some other medical and psychiatric comorbidities, as well as sex, and parents’ weight status.ConclusionsPrevalence of obesity in autistic children with high intelligence profile is high and at the same levels of both normal children and children with autistic spectrum disorders.
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Vidianty, Jeanne, Sudung O. Pardede, Aryono Hendarto i Arwin A. P. Akib. "Obesity in children with frequent relapse and steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome". Paediatrica Indonesiana 50, nr 3 (30.06.2010): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi50.3.2010.139-43.
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Background Children \\lith frequent relapse and steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome (FRNS/SDNS) will experience frequent relapse v.ith many complications due to the disease and toxicity of steroid therapy. One of the most common complications is obesity which is associated \\lith significant health problems in childhood and important risk factor of adult morbidity and mortality. Objective To find out the prevalence of obesity in children 'With FRNS/SDNS.Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2008 until March 2009. Data were collected from the medical records of children 'With FRNS/SDNS treated during the period of 2000-2008. Body weight, height and body fat mass measurement was performed on the subjects. The diagnosis of obesity was based on body mass index (BMI) and body fat mass measurement.Results Obesity was diagnosed in 10 of 43 children (23%). Most of them were 59 years old (58%) 'With malepredominance. Most patients (70%) had age of onset younger than 5 years. The median of total relapse was 7 (range 224) and cumulative dose of prednisone was 12,240 (range 3,490 to 44,330) mg. Time since the last dose of prednisone until the study in majority was 0 to 6 months (53%). The prevalence of obesity based on BMI was 7%while based on body fat mass was 23 (el 95% 10 to 36) %. Conclusion The prevalence of obesity based on body fat mass was 23%. The median BMI of obese subjects is in the 90-95th percentile.
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Peterkova, V. A., i O. V. Vasyukova. "About the new classification of obesity in the children and adolescents". Problems of Endocrinology 61, nr 2 (15.04.2015): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl201561239-44.
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This paper concerns classification of obesity in the children and adolescents, one of the debatable issues in modern pediatrics and pediatric endocrinology. The historical sketch of various classifications of obesity in the children and adolescents accepted in this country and abroad is presented with special reference to the advantages and disadvantages of each variant. The authors emphasize the difficulty of developing a unified classification of the multifactor disease being considered. A new classification of obesity in the children and adolescents is proposed that takes into consideration the etiological aspects, complications, co-morbid conditions, and the degree of obesity. The possible variants of diagnosis formulation taking account of the present-day international classification of diseases are discussed.
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T. Ajit Kumar, Dr. Vineeta Pande, Dr. Sharad Agarkhedkar i Dr. Mayank Surana. "Cardiac Functions & Lipid Profile In Obese Children & Adolescents". VIMS Health Science Journal 7, nr 1 (6.03.2020): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46858/vimshsj.7104.
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Background: Obesity is a disease which results from genetic or lifestyle factors. Such diseases are called Non communicable diseases. The epidemic of obesity among youth is spreading at an alarming rate due to lack of physical activity, dietary habits. The percentage of youths who are at risk of becoming overweight continues to increase. National data indicates that 16% of children aged six to nineteen years are overweight.(1) Considering the high prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents and its associated cardiovascular complications like hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, increased left ventricular mass, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, the present study was planned to assess cardiac functions and lipid profile in obese children and adolescents. Early detection and intervention can help in reducing the complications associated with obesity. Objective: Primary objective is to assess cardiac functions and lipid profile in obese children and adolescents. Methodology: 100 obese children and adolescents in the age group 6-18 years were taken after excluding obese children with evidence of endocrine disease, malformation syndromes and iatrogenic obesity (drug treatments). Results: In the present study 7% subjects were hypertensive while 8% were prehypertensive. 71.43% children with hypertension were performing physical activity for < 30 min in 1-3 days/week while 49.11% normotensive children were performing physical activity for > 30 min per day. 3% obese children were having abnormal LVEF on 2DECHO .All the 3 obese children with abnormal LVEF were having physical activity less than 30 min in 1-3 days /week and the difference was statistically significant. All the three children with abnormal LVEF were hypertensive and the difference was statistically significant. 6% children were having raised serum cholesterol >190mg/dl. Serum triglyceride >150mg/dl was observed in 17% obese children. HDL level <20mg/dl was observed in 7% children while LDL above 130mg/dl was observed in 6% children. The proportion among male and female children was comparable. Conclusion: Cardiovascular complications of adulthood in obese children and adolescents may be prevented by early identification and intervention in the form of healthy life style, dietary intake and physical activity.
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Iancu, Mihaela Adela, Dumitru Matei i Gabriel Cristian Bejan. "The role of family doctor in management of overweight and obese children and adolescents". Romanian Medical Journal 62, nr 2 (30.06.2015): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2015.2.4.
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The children and adolescents obesity is one of the most important public health problems. The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents is increasing in our country as in other European countries. Overweight and obese children are likely to stay obese into adulthood and more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases or diabetes. The majority of the overweight and obese children can be diagnosed, monitored and treated by the family doctors. Our intended purpose is to help family doctors with practical tools for the identification and management of overweight and obese children. The most recent recommendations regarding prevention of childhood obesity focus on increased exercise and improved diet to prevent childhood obesity. Intensive lifestyle modification remains the primary treatment of the children obesity. The family doctors must know how to prevent the development of overweight and obese complications.
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Neyer, Vickie L., Jessica G. Woo i Robert M. Siegel. "Severe Obesity in Children May Not Pose Independent Risk for Influenza Complications". Journal of Pediatric Nursing 42 (wrzesień 2018): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2018.05.009.
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Dixon, John B., Kay Jones i Maureen Dixon. "Medical versus surgical interventions for the metabolic complications of obesity in children". Seminars in Pediatric Surgery 18, nr 3 (sierpień 2009): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2009.04.007.
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Benson, Lacey J., Heather J. Baer i David C. Kaelber. "Screening for Obesity-Related Complications Among Obese Children and Adolescents: 1999-2008". Obesity 19, nr 5 (maj 2011): 1077–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2010.277.
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Nafiu, Olubukola O., Glenn E. Green, Sarah Walton, Michelle Morris, Sudheera Reddy i Kevin K. Tremper. "Obesity and risk of peri-operative complications in children presenting for adenotonsillectomy". International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 73, nr 1 (styczeń 2009): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.09.027.
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Hoey, Hilary. "Management of obesity in children differs from that of adults". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 73, nr 4 (13.08.2014): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665114000652.
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Obesity in childhood is a very common disorder with an increasing prevalence. It is one of the most serious public health challenges. The objectives of the present paper are to increase the awareness of the problem of obesity in childhood, its serious complications and the need for prevention. Overweight and obese children are likely to remain obese into adulthood and more likely to develop serious complications including health problems such as diabetes and CVD, as well as psychological and social challenges. Overweight and obesity are largely preventable. In adults it is difficult to reduce excessive weight gain once it has become established, thus children should be considered the priority population for intervention strategies and prevention. Nutrition, exercise, weight gain in infancy, genetic and environmental factors, all contribute to the aetiology. Prevention and treatment of obesity in childhood requires education and empowerment of families relating to diet and exercise, along with the regulation and control of food marketing and clear nutritional labelling. The eating and physical activity behaviour of a child is strongly influenced by environmental and social factors. Therefore treatment will have only limited success in an environment where adequate physical activity is inhibited and the consumption of high-energy food is stimulated. Government investment in a health promotion programme addressing the issue of obesity in the population as a whole, with particular emphasis on the prevention and management of obesity in childhood is vital. The family doctor and multidisciplinary team play an important role. Regular visits to the family doctor, including growth assessment, will help motivate the family to restrict energy intake and to increase exercise. Therefore the prevention of childhood obesity needs high priority.
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Mundkur, Suneel C., Ramaya R. Hegde, Karen Janice Moras, Pushpa G. Kini, Shrikiran Aroor, Y. Ramesh Bhat i Leslie Lewis. "Microalbuminuria in obese children". International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 8, nr 7 (24.06.2021): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20212343.
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Background: Obesity is a global pandemic both in adults and children and many factors contribute to this pandemic. Early diagnosis and prevention of long-term complications associated with obesity is the main goal of treatment in addition to dietary control and lifestyle modifications. Microalbuminuria, a marker of impending renal insult in adults is less understood in children. The objective of this study was to determine microalbuminuria in obese children 5-18 years of age.Methods: This study was single centre, and cross-sectional observational study. Children between 5-18 years of age with obesity (Body mass index >95th centile for sex and age) participated in the study. Microalbuminuria based on urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and relation to obesity was studied.Results: Fifty-four children (M:F=0.9:1) were included in the study. Family history of obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus was present in 53.7% (n=29), 33.3% (n=18), 27.8 (n=15) children respectively. Microalbuminuria was observed in two children (3.8%). Mean BMI (38.25±7.42 kg/m2 vs 26.13±4.13 kg/m2) (p=0.009), mean waist circumference (97.50±4.95, vs 83.52±0.94 cm) (p=0.044), mean waist hip ratio (0.93±0.04 vs 0.88±0.09) was more in children with microalbuminuria when compared to without microalbuminuria. One obese child with microalbuminuria had hypertension.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria, though a good marker of renal insult in adults, may not be prevalent in obese children. It may me more prevalent in obese children with higher BMI, truncal obesity and WHR, hence these children should be screened for the same.
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Calcaterra, Valeria, Corrado Regalbuto, Debora Porri, Gloria Pelizzo, Emanuela Mazzon, Federica Vinci, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Valentina Fabiano i Hellas Cena. "Inflammation in Obesity-Related Complications in Children: The Protective Effect of Diet and Its Potential Role as a Therapeutic Agent". Biomolecules 10, nr 9 (16.09.2020): 1324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10091324.
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Obesity is a growing health problem in both children and adults, impairing physical and mental state and impacting health care system costs in both developed and developing countries. It is well-known that individuals with excessive weight gain frequently develop obesity-related complications, which are mainly known as Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and many other risk factors proven to be associated with chronic inflammation, causing disability and reduced life expectancy. This review aims to present and discuss complications related to inflammation in pediatric obesity, the critical role of nutrition and diet in obesity-comorbidity prevention and treatment, and the impact of lifestyle. Appropriate early dietary intervention for the management of pediatric overweight and obesity is recommended for overall healthy growth and prevention of comorbidities in adulthood.
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Vitebskaya, A. V., i A. V. Popovich. "Impairment of carbohydrate metabolism in children and adolescents with obesity". Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, nr 11 (12.08.2021): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2021-11-174-182.
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Obesity is one of the socially significant diseases of our time and is a generally recognized risk factor for the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the prevalence of which in the pediatric population is rapidly increasing.Aim of the study. To demonstrate the most frequent types of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in children and adolescents with obesity.Materials and methods. 123 obese patients under 18 years old were examined and the structure of obesity complications was analyzed.Results. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders were identified in 24 patients (19%): impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) (8 girls, 6 boys (11%)), type 2 DM (6 girls, 3 boys (7%)), and type 1 DM (1 boy (1%)). Descriptions of 4 clinical cases are given: 1) patient, 17 years old, with constitutional-exogenous obesity of 3rd degree, arterial hypertension (AH), dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and a history of transient IFG; 2) patient, 16 years old, with morbid obesity, NAFLD, AH, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), type 2 DM, compensated on metformin therapy; 3) patient, 17 years old, with constitutional-exogenous obesity of the 3rd degree, AH, dyslipidemia, NAFLD, type 2 DM (on insulin pump therapy), complicated by diabetic nephropathy and diabetic polyneuropathy; 4) patient, 12 years old, with type 1 DM, manifested against the background of obesity.Conclusion. When screening for obesity complications in children and adolescents, carbohydrate metabolism disorders may be detected in one in five patients. Prediabetes in childhood can be transient. When a child with obesity is identified, differential diagnosis of type 1 and type 2 DM should be made. It is necessary to teach patients with type 2 DM the skills of self-monitoring on a par with patients with type 1 DM and motivate them to control glycemia regularly at home.
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Nogueira, Thaïs Florence D., i Mariana Porto Zambon. "Reasons for non-adherence to obesity treatment in children and adolescents". Revista Paulista de Pediatria 31, nr 3 (wrzesień 2013): 338–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-05822013000300010.
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OBJECTIVE To analyze the reasons for non-adherence to follow-up at a specialized outpatient clinic for obese children and adolescents. METHODS Descriptive study of 41 patients, including information from medical records and phone recorded questionnaires which included two open questions and eight closed ones: reason for abandonment, financial and structural difficulties (distance and transport costs), relationship with professionals, obesity evolution, treatment continuity, knowledge of difficulties and obesity complications. RESULTS Among the interviewees, 29.3% reported that adherence to the program spent too much time and it was difficult to adjust consultations to patientsâ€(tm) and parentsâ€(tm) schedules. Other reasons were: childrenâ€(tm)s refusal to follow treatment (29.3%), dissatisfaction with the result (17.0%), treatment in another health service (12.2%), difficulty in schedule return (7.3%) and delay in attendance (4.9%). All denied any relationship problems with professionals. Among the respondents, 85.4% said they are still overweight. They reported hurdles to appropriate nutrition and physical activity (financial difficulty, lack of parentsâ€(tm) time, physical limitation and insecure neighborhood). Among the 33 respondents that reported difficulties with obesity, 78.8% had emotional disorders such as bullying, anxiety and irritability; 24.2% presented fatigue, 15.1% had difficulty in dressing up and 15.1% referred pain. The knowledge of the following complications prevailed: cardicac (97.6%), aesthetic (90.2%), psychological (90.2%), presence of obesity in adulthood (90.2%), diabetes (85.4%) and cancer (31.4%). CONCLUSIONS According to the results, it is possible to create weight control public programs that are easier to access, encouraging appropriate nutrition and physical activities in order to achieve obesity prevention.
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Lobstein, Tim. "Maternal and child obesity: some policy challenges". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 70, nr 4 (31.08.2011): 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665111003156.
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The recent rise in the prevalence of obesity in the UK population includes women of reproductive age and children. For both groups there are specific health concerns consequent on excess bodyweight, including obstetric complications, fetal growth abnormalities and a range of obesity co-morbidities seen in children that were rarely found in young people a generation earlier. This paper identifies some of the issues which challenge policy-makers: guidelines for gestational weight gain and for weight loss after pregnancy; inequalities and interventions in pregnancy; interventions to prevent child obesity; and the role of individuals, government and the commercial sector in implementing policies for promoting healthy weight.
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Batch, Jennifer A., i Louise A. Baur. "3. Management and prevention of obesity and its complications in children and adolescents". Medical Journal of Australia 182, nr 3 (luty 2005): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2005.tb06618.x.
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Minchenko, D. O. "Molecular bases of the development of obesity and its metabolic complications in children". SOVREMENNAYA PEDIATRIYA, nr 2(66) (27.03.2015): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2015.65.109.
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Khan, Waqas Imran, Zulfiqar Ali i Sohail Arshad. "Evaluation of endocrine and cardiac complications in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A single center study from south Punjab." Professional Medical Journal 28, nr 01 (10.01.2021): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.01.5046.
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Objectives: The objective of our study was to evaluate the endocrine and cardiac complications in survivors of childhood ALL. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Hematology-oncology, Endocrinology and Cardiology at The Children Hospital & Institute of Child health Multan (CH& ICH). Period: January 2019 to June 2019. Material & Methods: Sixty patients were enrolled after taking informed consent from patient/parents. Endocrine complications include (growth failure, overweight/obesity, hyperlipidemia, thyroid disorders, precocious puberty) and cardiac complications include hypertension and low ejection fraction were evaluated. Results: Out of 60 ALL survivors 32 were males (53.3%) and 28 were females (46.7%). At diagnosis patient’s age range was 7-17 years with median age of 11.6 years. At study median age was 17 years with age range of 13 to 23 years. Among our ALL survivors 56.6% had one complication and 25% had multiple problems. Obesity (25%), overweight (20%) and hyperlipidemia (26.4%) were the three common complications followed by short stature (5%), thyroid disorders (3.3%) and hypertension (3.3%). Conclusion: We report high prevalence (56.6%) of these complications from south Punjab. Therefore extended follow up of ALL survivors is needed in order to identify an abnormality and timely treatment and improved quality of life.
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Rojo, Marta, Santos Solano, Tatiana Lacruz, José I. Baile, Miriam Blanco, Montserrat Graell i Ana Rosa Sepúlveda. "Linking Psychosocial Stress Events, Psychological Disorders and Childhood Obesity". Children 8, nr 3 (10.03.2021): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8030211.
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There is scientific evidence that supports a strong association between early exposure to stressful life events and the presence of health complications throughout adulthood and, to a lesser extent, in adolescence and childhood. The aim of this study was to examine the accumulation of Psychosocial Stress Events (PSE) and the prevalence of mental disorders in children from 8 to 12 years. The association between these factors and child weight measurements was analysed. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 children classified by weight status (obesity, overweight and normal-weight). The assessment was carried out in primary care centres and primary schools. An experienced team carried out a structured medical-psychosocial history and a semi-structured interview aimed at identifying an early diagnosis of psychological disorders. Children filled out a questionnaire to evaluate PSE. The obesity group presented the greatest accumulation of PSE and highest prevalence of psychiatric diagnosis, compared to overweight and normal-weight children. To exceed four or more stressful events was positively associated with psychological problems and child body mass index (BMI z-score). A predictive model confirmed the interaction between a larger number of PSE and the occurrence of a psychiatric diagnosis as variables that predispose children by 26.2 times more to increased weight status. In conclusion, the accumulation of PSE in the family, school and social environments of the children was related to greater psychological distress. If not managed, the likelihood of suffering from other health complications, such as excess weight, may increase. It is important to monitor these variables to ensure positive health outcomes while specifically addressing childhood obesity. This is especially relevant for children from a disadvantaged social background and disharmonious family environments.
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Chiarelli, Francesco, i Maria Loredana Marcovecchio. "Insulin resistance and obesity in childhood". European Journal of Endocrinology 159, suppl_1 (grudzień 2008): S67—S74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-08-0245.
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Childhood obesity is a significant health problem that has reached epidemic proportions around the world and is associated with several metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Insulin resistance is a common feature of childhood obesity and is considered to be an important link between adiposity and the associated risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance is also a key component of the metabolic syndrome, and its prevalence in the paediatric population is increasing, particularly among obese children and adolescents. Several factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance, such as increased free fatty acids and many hormones and cytokines released by adipose tissue.Valid and reliable methods are essential to assess the presence and the extent of insulin resistance, the associated risk factors and the effect of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. The two most common tests to assess insulin resistance are the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp and the frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test utilizing the minimal model. However, both these tests are not easily accomplished, are time consuming, expensive and invasive. Simpler methods to assess insulin resistance based on surrogate markers derived from an oral glucose tolerance test or from fasting insulin and glucose levels have been validated in children and adolescents and widely used.Given the strong association between obesity, insulin resistance and the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, prevention and treatment of childhood obesity appear to be essential to prevent the development of insulin resistance and the associated complications.
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De Leonibus, Chiara, M. Loredana Marcovecchio i Francesco Chiarelli. "Update on statural growth and pubertal development in obese children". Pediatric Reports 4, nr 4 (6.12.2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/pr.2012.e35.
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Childhood obesity is a growing and alarming problem, associated with several short-term and long-term metabolic and cardiovascular complications. In addition, it has also been suggested that excess adiposity during childhood influences growth and pubertal development. Several studies have shown that during pre-pubertal years, obese patients present higher growth velocity and that this pre-pubertal advantage tends to gradually decrease during puberty, leading to similar final heights between obese and non-obese children. Excess body weight might also influence pubertal onset, leading to earlier timing of puberty in girls. In addition, obese girls are at increased risk of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary syndrome. In boys, a clear evidence does not exist: some studies suggesting an earlier puberty associated with the obesity status, whereas other have found a delayed pubertal onset. Overall, the existing evidence of an association between obesity and modification of growth and pubertal patterns underlines a further reason for fighting the epidemics of childhood obesity.
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Volevodz, N. N., I. A. Eremina i T. V. Semicheva. "Early diagnosis of Bardet-Biedl syndrome associated with obesity". Obesity and metabolism 5, nr 1 (15.03.2008): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2008139-43.
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One of the urgent problems of modern health care is the increase in the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents. Late diagnosis and delayed initiation of treatment lead to serious complications such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus. At present there are quite rare syndromes associated with obesity: Prader-Willi syndrome, Bardet-Biedl, Alström. Bardet-Biedl syndrome, - a disease characterized by obesity central origin, retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, mental retardation, hypogonadism, and renal dysfunction.
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Kumar D. A., Sunil, Rohith M. i Greeva Philip. "A study on prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst school children of Bangalore". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, nr 1 (24.12.2018): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185236.
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Background: As such, obesity and overweight have both been described as anomalous accumulation of excessive body fat which may be harmful to health. Obesity is one of the most prominent problems imminent among all societies, particularly in developing countries. Often these conditions lead to complications such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and if not treated timely, death. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst school children of Bangalore and to study the association of age and gender with overweight and obesity amongst school children of Bangalore.Methods: School based cross sectional study was conducted at B.G.S International school, from August to December 2017. Students aged 6 to 16, who were present during the survey, were included in the study.Results: Overall, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the students were 7.09% and 4.08%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst boys were 3.19% and 2.04%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity amongst girls were 3.90% and 2.04%.Conclusions: Integrating physical activity and nutrition education in school curriculum at all levels will play a great part in decreasing the prevalence of obesity and overweight.
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Abdelhamid, Enas R., Alyaa H. Kamhawy, Hanaa H. Ahmed, Mones M. Abu Shady, Rasha Eladawy, Amr S. Megawer i Yasmine M. Amrousy. "Role of Inflammatory Cytokines in Obese and Nonobese Diabetic Children". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, B (20.08.2020): 858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4982.
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BACKGROUND: Obesity is an expanded health problem worldwide and it is blamed for a startling rise in type 1 diabetes (T1DM), the interaction between obesity, autoimmune processes, and glucose homeostasis is a growing field of study.
AIM: This study was undertaken to predict the role of the inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-17 and IL-10) as biomarkers in early screening for obesity and T1DM and to determine the relation of inflammatory cytokines with diabetic complications especially nephropathy.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The target group consisted of 92 children with type 1 diabetes children who were diagnosed according to the criteria provided by American Diabetes Association Diabetic; cases were divided into two groups, Group 1 (overweight and obese diabetics) and Group 2 (normal weight diabetic children). The levels of serum IL-17 and IL-10 were assayed in these children by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol levels were measured as well as urinary microalbumin level was estimated for detection of nephropathy.
RESULTS: Diabetic overweight and obese children exhibited significantly 3.8 folds more at risk to be bad glycemic control than diabetic children with normal body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, overweight and obese diabetic children displayed significantly 15 times more at risk of having nephropathy than diabetic children with normal BMI. Low serum level of IL 10 and high level of IL 17 showed a significant association with high BMI in diabetic children. High HBA1c, low IL 10, and long disease duration were significantly considered as predominant risk factors for diabetic nephropathy in diabetic children.
CONCLUSION: The obtained data from these investigations proved that overweight and obese children have a low serum level of IL-10 and high serum IL-17 levels. The relationship between IL-10/IL-17 can be applied as a good marker for the inflammatory state and these inflammatory interleukins can be employed as biomarkers in early screening for obesity and T1DM. Furthermore, these interleukins can be utilized as a predictor for early diabetic complications, particularly nephropathy.
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Borges, Fernanda, Mayckel Da Silva Barreto, Maria Das Neves Decesaro, Cláudia Silveira Viera i Sonia Silva Marcon. "Perspectiva familiar sobre obesidade infantil e suas formas de enfrentamento: estudo descritivo". Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing 16, nr 4 (31.08.2018): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.17665/1676-4285.20175655.
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Aim: to identify how the family perceives the health of the child with obesity and what strategies are used to cope with it. Method: descriptive research of qualitative approach. Data were collected between January and May 2014 through interviews with 14 mothers of obese children. The speeches were submitted to Content Analysis and Thematic Modality. Results: it was observed that some families did not recognize obesity as a health problem, while others identified complications. Encouraging healthy eating habits and practicing physical activities were the main coping strategies adopted by families. However, sometimes some practices harmed health. Conclusion: the family seems to recognize childhood obesity as a health problem when the child has complications and is now facing it. Health professionals should be aware of different ways of understanding and coping with childhood obesity so that they can act in a qualified manner.
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Krajewska (Wojciechowska), Joanna, Wojciech Krajewski i Tomasz Zatoński. "The Association Between ENT Diseases and Obesity in Pediatric Population: A Systemic Review of Current Knowledge". Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 98, nr 5 (9.04.2019): E32—E43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319840819.
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Obesity in pediatric population is an important global problem. The prevalence of obesity in children is dramatically rising. According to World Health Organization, about 41 million children under the age of 5 years are obese or overweight worldwide. Overweight and obesity are well-known risk factors for a number of health disorders. Diseases commonly observed in this group of patients are metabolic disorders, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver disease, musculoskeletal problems, and many others. The main aim of this study was to present the current knowledge of the association between childhood obesity and common otorhinolaryngological disorders. It is suggested that obese children are more prone to suffer from otorhinolaryngological illnesses than the lean ones. Obesity may predispose to otorhinolaryngological diseases in various ways. It strongly interferes with the immune system (increases serum levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor, C-reactive protein, and leptin and reduces adiponectin concentration) affecting organs of the upper respiratory tract. Additionally, obesity induces mechanical disorders in the upper airways. According to our review, obesity predisposes to otitis media with effusion, acute otitis media, recurrent otitis media, obstructive sleep apnea, sensorineural hearing loss, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, and post-/perioperative complications after adenotonsillectomy. Obesity in children significantly correlates with both obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and asthma and constitutes a significant component of “OSA, obesity, asthma” triad.
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Mavrogeni, Sophie I., Flora Bacopoulou, George Markousis-Mavrogenis, George Chrousos i Evangelia Charmandari. "Cardiovascular Imaging in Obesity". Nutrients 13, nr 3 (26.02.2021): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13030744.
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Obesity represents one of the most challenging public health problems of our century. It accounts for approximately 5% of deaths worldwide, mostly owing to cardiovascular disease and its associated complications. Cardiovascular noninvasive imaging may provide early accurate information about hypertrophy and ischemia/fibrosis in obese subjects. Echocardiography and nuclear cardiology have serious limitations in obese subjects owing to poor acoustic window and attenuation artifacts, respectively. Coronary computed tomography angiography can provide information about obstructive coronary disease; however, the use of radiation is a serious disadvantage. Finally, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) holds the promise of an “all in one” examination by combining evaluation of function, wall motion/thickness, stress rest/perfusion, replacement and diffuse fibrosis without radiation. Future studies are required to document the cost/benefit ratio of the CMR in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in overweight/obese children and adolescents.
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Chueh, Hee Won, Gyu Rang Cho i Jaeho Yoo. "Clinical significance of acanthosis nigricans in children and adolescents with obesity induced metabolic complications". Korean Journal of Pediatrics 50, nr 10 (2007): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2007.50.10.987.
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Reynolds, Rebecca M., i Adrienne Gordon. "Obesity, fertility and pregnancy: can we intervene to improve outcomes?" Journal of Endocrinology 239, nr 3 (grudzień 2018): R47—R55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-18-0199.
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Rates of obesity among women of reproductive age have risen dramatically in recent decades. Obesity impacts on health of women across their reproductive lifespan with adverse effects on not only fertility and short-term complications of pregnancy, but also on longer term health outcomes for both women and their children. This places considerable burden and cost on health services. Here, we review the evidence linking maternal obesity to adverse fertility, pregnancy and longer term health outcomes for women and their children. We discuss the outcomes of recent lifestyle, pharmacological and surgical intervention studies. As many of these studies have not shown a significant improvement in clinical outcomes, we discuss the need for better study design in future trials.
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Peterkova, V. A., A. V. Kosygina i O. V. Vasiukova. "Serum adiponectin in obese children and adolescents". Problems of Endocrinology 57, nr 6 (15.12.2011): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl20115769-14.
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The objective of this work was to study the relationship between the serum adiponectin level on the one hand, and the age, stage of sexual development and main anthropometric characteristics of children and adolescents depending on the degree of obesity, the presence or absence of metabolic disorders on the other hand. A total of 111 children and adolescents at the age from 2.5 to 17.9 years were available for the examination including 56 presenting with "simple" constitutional exogenous obesity, 12 overweight patients, and 43 with normal body weight. The concentration of adiponectin in the serum of obese children and adolescents was lower than in those with normal body weight (p=0.009). The highest adiponectin level was documented in prepubertal children; it decreased progressively in the course of sexual development and negatively correlated with BMI, waist circumference---???---(WC), and BMI SDS. The children presenting with obesity complicated by insulin resistance, the serum adiponectin level was lower than in those having normal and stimulated immunoreactive insulin concentrations, HOMA-IR and Matsuda's ISI indices. The study revealed the relationship between serum adiponectin levels, concentrations of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. The data obtained give reason to conjecture that the reduction of serum adiponectin level may be a link connecting obesity, insulin resistance, and atherogenic changed in the serum developing as early as the childhood that can be used as an additional biomarker for the identification of a group of children and adolescents at high risk of complications associated with obesity.
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Kanyari, S. Suneeti, Durga M. Satapathy i Rama C. Giri. "Epidemiology of overweight and obesity in school going children: 11-15 years in the urban area of Cuttack city". International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, nr 1 (25.12.2019): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195926.
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Background: The world health organization has described obesity as one of today’s most neglected public health problems, affecting developed and developing countries in the world. A dramatic increase in overweight and obesity among children and adolescent has raised the concern of various public health physicians especially in developing country like India. This study was conducted with an objective to study the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its associated risk factors among school going children of Cuttack city.Methods: School based cross sectional study was done among the children of 6th to 10th class. To calculate the maximum sample size prevalence of obesity was assumed to be 10%, taking absolute error of 2% and 10% non-response rate the sample was calculated to be 1000. By multistage sampling method the children were selected. Data was collected using a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 16.Results: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 20.2% and it was higher among boys (20.6%) than girls (19.8%). Overweight and obesity was found to be significantly associated with type of school, parent’s occupation, hours of using TV/computer, eating habit, family history of obesity, type of family and mode of transport to school.Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight and obesity was found to be high in school going children, which indicates an urgent need to increase awareness via education and motivation of all stakeholders to prevent the complications in future.