Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Obesity in adolescence”
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Neves, Joana Sofia Vilela de Sousa. "Obesity prevention: from conception to adolescence". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/60976.
Pełny tekst źródłaNeves, Joana Sofia Vilela de Sousa. "Obesity prevention: from conception to adolescence". Dissertação, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/60976.
Pełny tekst źródłaKeast, Debra Rose. "Patterns of beverage consumption associated with adolescent obesity in the U.S". Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 260-289). Also issued in print.
Zaal, Afra Ahmed bin. "Factors related to obesity in preparatory and high schools in Dubai : a study of the prevalence, determination, consequences and the perception of obesity in adolescents in Dubai, United Arab Emirates". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=185769.
Pełny tekst źródłaSommers, Caitlin Helen. "Factors Influencing Youth Self-Perceptions of Overweight and Obesity". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1484.
Pełny tekst źródłaNelson, Maika E. "Examination of adolescent physical activity and overweight levels /". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd373.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaScholle, Lori A. "Association Between Vitamin D Intake and Obesity During Pre- and Early Adolescence". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/nutrition_theses/39.
Pełny tekst źródłaSmith, Kenneth Albert. "Experiences of obese adolescents : a retrospective qualitative study /". Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9992915.
Pełny tekst źródłaBell, Lana Michelle. "The medical complications of childhood obesity". University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0139.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuncan, Elizabeth Karndu. "Obesity and its determinants in girls from five ethnic groups a thesis submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, July 2008 /". Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/463.
Pełny tekst źródłaYu, Wing-sze Margaret, i 余詠詩. "The association between sleep curtailment and obesity in adolescents, a local perspective". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42998086.
Pełny tekst źródłaYu, Wing-sze Margaret. "The association between sleep curtailment and obesity in adolescents, a local perspective". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42998086.
Pełny tekst źródłaFisher, Kimberly N. "The effect of parent education on the home food environment for overweight adolescents in West Virginia". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10267.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 53 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-41).
Pyle, Sara Anne Haddock C. Keith. "A meta-analysis of treatments for childhood and adolescent obesity". Diss., UMK access, 2006.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła"A dissertation in counseling psychology." Advisor: C. Keith Haddock. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed Nov. 13, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-113). Online version of the print edition.
Corliss, Carolyn Davis Witte James E. "An investigation of factors affecting the overweight status of Alabama high school adolescents". Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Summer/doctoral/CORLISS_CAROLYN_8.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWOO, JESSICA GRAUS. "THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ADIPONECTIN DURING ADOLESCENCE: DEMOGRAPHIC, DEVELOPMENTAL, METABOLIC AND GENETIC ASSOCIATIONS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1100808827.
Pełny tekst źródłaDove, Jacqueline Beckham Kreider Richard B. "Effects of a multicomponent school-based intervention on health markers, body composition, physical fitness, and psychological measures in overweight and obese adolescent females". Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5253.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoukhris, Tommy Tahar. "A public response to childhood obesity : evaluating the fresh fruit and vegetable program in Texas schools /". View online, 2007. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/260/.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Melissa Scharoun Gordon-Larsen Penny. "Race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status and obesity across the transition from adolescence to adulthood". Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2153.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from electronic title page (viewed Feb. 26, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health." Discipline: Nutrition; Department/School: Public Health.
Rangel, Trini Gene. "The Role of Religiosity in the Development of Obesity From Adolescence to Adulthood". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2330.
Pełny tekst źródłaSearcy, Cynthia S. "Are eating and exercise behaviors at school contributing to adolescent obesity in the United States?" Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
Pełny tekst źródłaFieldhouse, John Arthur. "Adolescent obesity: A study of the effects of parent attitudes on physical activity". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3001.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrennan, Leah, i leah brennan@rmit edu au. "Cognitive behavioural evaluation and treatment of adolescent overweight and obesity". RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080130.141227.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcCord, Olivia Love. "Body Mass Index and Soft Drink Consumption Among Adolescents". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd475.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaFang, Xingzhi, i 方行陟. "A systematic review of the impact of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption on children and adolescent obesity". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206908.
Pełny tekst źródłapublished_or_final_version
Public Health
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Master of Public Health
Khanna, Rahul. "Predicting physicians' intention to measure body mass index and assessing their identification and evaluation practices in overweight children and adolescents". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5209.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 155 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-144).
Wedwick, Linda Crumpler Thomas P. "The socialization of a reader the literary treatment of fatness in adolescent fiction /". Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1225101201&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1176734714&clientId=43838.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from title page screen, viewed on April 16, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Thomas P. Crumpler (chair), R. Kay Moss, Gary Weilbacher, Amelia Adkins, Sally Parry. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-168) and abstract. Also available in print.
Kalogiros, Ioanna D. "How do family functioning and age of onset of weight problems relate to overweight adolescents' internalizing symptoms?" Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaNicholson, Lisa Marie. "Racial and ethnic disparities an examination of social control and contagion mechanisms linking neighborhood disadvantage and young adult obesity /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1189631745.
Pełny tekst źródłaTurner, Nicholas. "Modifiable risk factors for depression in adolescence : understanding the causal role of obesity and physical activity". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/c57cda62-9848-43e8-a71c-8e3308b002ae.
Pełny tekst źródłaYeh, Yating. "Applicability of the transtheoretical model in weight management in an adolescent population in Taiwan /". View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3206260.
Pełny tekst źródłaKuck, Jennifer M. "Differences in dietary patterns by breakfast consumption and weight status in US Adolescence". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211406587.
Pełny tekst źródłaSTEINEGGER, CATHLEEN M. "EMOTIONAL EATING IN ADOLESCENT FEMALES". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1116009370.
Pełny tekst źródłaStucke, Sheri Ann. "Adolescent overweight location of residence, demographics, dietary behaviors and physical activity /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaMorrison, Zachary J., i University of Lethbridge Faculty of Health Sciences. "Through their voices : experiences of overweight and obese adolescent boys / Zachary J. Morrison". Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Health Sciences, c2010, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2592.
Pełny tekst źródłavi, 102 leaves ; 29 cm
Conwell, Louise Sonia. "Insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in obese children and adolescents /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19066.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSaidi, Oussama. "Sommeil de l'adolescent : effet de l'activité physique et de l'alimentation chez l'adolescent sportif ou en condition d'obésité". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC059.
Pełny tekst źródłaPhysical activity and ingested nutrients take part in the regulation of the internal clock andsleep physiology. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in this topic. However, studiesremain almost exclusively limited to adults. Adolescence is marked by critical transitionsthat may trigger several behavioral disturbances particularly with regard to sleep. A problemcompounded by an array of endogenous and exogenous factors forming the so called“Perfect Storm” of both altered sleep duration and quality. Obesity and elite sport are twofactors that have been separately associated with sleep disturbances, and have a negativeimpact on holistic development, with lowered performance and altered health status ofadolescents, both physical (recovery, metabolism, growth, weight control) and cognitive(learning, memory, decision-making, vigilance). Therefore, the purpose of this work was toexplore the effect of physical activity and nutrition on sleep among these two distinctadolescent populations. Altered sleep pattern in young athletes seems to be more related tosport constraints such as competition and travel. However, acute exercise improves sleepduration in quality in both populations (athlete and with obesity). Moreover, dietary intakeseems to be a promising alternative to improve sleep quality. Only three days undercontrolled feeding fixed at the recommended dietary allowance resulted in reduced sleeponset latency in adolescents with obesity compared to ad-libitum condition. Finally,randomized controlled studies are needed to support the effect of certain nutrients on sleep.PROTMORPHEUS study will bring a fuller understanding of the effect of proteintryptophan/large neutral amino acids ratio on sleep
Foucart, Jennifer. "Contribution à l'étude des déterminants psychologiques et psychopathologiques de l'obésité sévère chez l'adolescent et plus particulièrement des troubles de l'image du corps chez l'adolescent". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210283.
Pełny tekst źródłaOr, la présence des déterminants sociaux,énergétiques, génétiques ne suffisent pas toujours pour expliquer son développement et principalement quand il s’agit d’obésité sévère. Dans le cadre de l'obésité sévère, il y a lieu de dépasser les théories centrées sur la compréhension de l’agir alimentaire pour envisager les théories qui considèrent l’implication de l’ensemble du corps dans le développement de l’obésité et ce principalement lorsqu’on s’intéresse à l’adolescent.
Les objectifs de cette étude visent, face à ces éléments, à établir, dans un premier temps, un profil démographique, médical, familial, psychologique et psychopathologique d’une population d’adolescents souffrant d'obésité sévère. Ces informations ont été recueillies à l’aide de questionnaires structurés et par observation de 164 adolescents satisfaisant aux critères de l’obésité sévère. Un diagnostic pédopsychatrique selon la CFTMEA R 2000 a été posé pour chaque sujet. Nos résultats ont souligné le déterminisme multiple de l’obésité de nos sujets mais également l’importance des comorbidités bio-psycho-sociales.
Dans un second temps, à l’aide d’une analyse factorielle, nous avons mis en évidence qu’une plus grande sévérité de l’obésité s’associait à des facteurs d’environnement défavorisant(troubles mentaux dans la famille, carences, maltraitance) et à la présence d'un profil psychopathologique. De plus, ces mêmes modalités étaient associées avec une compliance familiale et individuelle moins importante.
Dans une dernière partie, nous nous sommes centrés sur les liens qui unissaient ces différents éléments. Pour ce faire, nous avons aux travers d’analyse de cas et à l'aide d'un Rorschach, du Questionnaire de l'Image du Corps de Bruschon-Schweitzer, et d'un dessin de soi, évalué la présence de troubles de l’image du corps chez 10 de nos sujets et leur évolution durant la prise en charge en lien avec la perte de poids. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence la présence de troubles de l’image du corps avec une image de soi incertaine, indifférenciée aux limites diffuses.
L’obésité s’inscrirait en tant que garant concret face à une image du corps peu unifiée. Ceci nous permet de considérer que l’obésité s’installe au travers à la fois d’un corps peu investi, peu mobilisable imposant la nécessaire édification de barrière (l’obésité) entre le « dedans fragilisé » et le dehors vécu comme dangereux. Nous pouvons dès lors considérer la difficulté des sujets de se résoudre à une perte de poids qui ne permettrait plus au sujet de recourir à ce type de fonctionnement.
De ce fait, nous avons conclu qu'il s'agit dans la prise en charge de ces sujets de reconsidérer l’image du corps comme outil thérapeutique vecteur d’amélioration à court et à long terme.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Jonsson, Linda, i Maria Seppälä. "Faktorer som inverkar i förebyggandet av övervikt och fetma hos barn - En beskrivande litteraturstudie". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18631.
Pełny tekst źródłaChildhood obesity is an increasing problem in many parts of the world and implicates a big threat against the public health. The aim for this literature search was to describe factors that have an effect in the prevention of overweight and obesity in childhood. A literature search was made through the database Cinahl. The study has a descriptive design and the result is based on eleven articles. The factors that have an effect in the prevention of overweight and obesity in childhood were empowerment, social aspects, the parent´s role, diet, excercise and screentime. It was meaningful to give the child affirmation and the knowledge to be participative in its own care. Supportive friends were of importance for the children’s self-esteem. The parent’s weight, engagement and actions were strongly associated with the children’s weight loss results. The taste, smell and availability of the diet were crucial for what the children chose to eat. The children were aware of the importance of exercise but did not give priority to it because they thought it was of more importance to have good results in school. Screen-time was associated with overweight. The factors that have an effect in the prevention of overweight and obesity in childhood between 10-18 years are empowerment, social aspects, the parent´s role, diet, exercise and screentime. The fact that children are involved in their own health and to involve the family is important.
Hill-Jones, Mary L. "An examination of the prevalence of obesity and student performance in a low socioeconomic school district". Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-06252008-162902.
Pełny tekst źródłaAllard, Stephanie Michele. "The effect of using animal models on children's knowledge, attitude, and practice of health behaviors". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41101.
Pełny tekst źródłaThota, P., F. R. Perez-Lopez, Vicente A. Benítes-Zapata, V. Pasupuleti i Adrian V. Hernandez. "Obesity-related insulin resistance in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies". Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622281.
Pełny tekst źródłaInsulin resistance is common among obese adolescents; however, the extent of this problem is not clear. We conducted a systematic review of PubMed-Medline, CINAHL, The Web of Science, EMBASE and Scopus for observational studies evaluating components defining insulin resistance (insulin, C-peptide and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) in obese adolescents (12–18 years) versus non-obese adolescents. Our systematic review and meta-analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines. Data were combined using a random-effects model and summary statistics were calculated using the mean differences (MDs). 31 studies were included (n = 8655). In 26 studies, fasting insulin levels were higher in obese adolescents when compared to non-obese adolescents (MD = 64.11 pmol/L, 95%CI 49.48–78.75, p < 0.00001). In three studies, fasting C-peptide levels were higher in obese adolescents when compared to non-obese adolescents (MD = 0.29 nmol/L, 95%CI 0.22–0.36, p < 0.00001). In 24 studies, HOMA-IR values were higher in obese adolescents when compared to non-obese adolescents (MD = 2.22, 95%CI 1.78–2.67, p < 0.00001). Heterogeneity of effects among studies was moderate to high. Subgroup analyses showed similar results to the main analyses. Circulating insulin and C-peptide levels and HOMA-IR values were significantly higher in obese adolescents compared to those non-obese.
Revisión por pares
Trainer, Sarah Simpson. "Local Interpretations of Global Trends: Body Concerns and Self-Projects Enacted by Young Emirati Women". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293452.
Pełny tekst źródłaWilliams, Kelli J. "Cultural perceptions of a healthy diet and healthy weight among rural Appalachian youth". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155042766.
Pełny tekst źródłaAljaloud, Khalid. "Habitual physical activity assessment using objective measuring devices : observations in lean and obese adults and children". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2541.
Pełny tekst źródłaNaylor, Louise Haleh. "Cardiac and vascular adaptations to exercise training in elite athletes and obese adolescents". University of Western Australia. School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0059.
Pełny tekst źródłaZillmann, Nadine. "Relationships between physical activity, self-perceptions and physical status in adolescents and adults". University of Western Australia. School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0059.
Pełny tekst źródłaMacKay, Jennifer Christine. "Long-term Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Consequences of Early Adversity (Juvenile Stressor Exposure), and the Buffering Effects of ‘Comfort’ Food". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34491.
Pełny tekst źródłaYako, Yandiswa Yolanda. "Molecular investigation of genetic and environmental factors contributing to obesity in adolescent learners residing in the semi-urban/rural areas of the Western Cape Province, South Africa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71644.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background/Aims: Obesity has increased rapidly in South African children and adolescents with significant variability observed among racial groups. Genes that regulate appetite have been studied in different populations worldwide, but their role in obesity among South African adolescents is unknown. The present study aimed at investigating the role of these genes, and their combined effect with physical activity in the development of obesity among South African adolescents. Methods: A total of 1564 South African school learners of Caucasian (n= 146), Mixed Ancestry (n= 872) and Black African (n= 537) ethnic groups were recruited for a research project that aimed to elucidate diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents attending schools in periurban areas of the Western Cape. The present case-control study included 227 obese-overweight (115 Black Africans and 112 Mixed Ancestry), and 204 normal weight (94 Black Africans and 110 Mixed Ancestry) adolescents learners. The learners were genotyped for nine polymorphisms (LEP: 19G>A, Lys36Arg, Val94Met; LEPR: Lys109Arg; Gln223Arg, Lys656Asn; CART: c.160-33G>A, c.499delA, and c.517A>G; GHRL: Leu72Met; and MC3R: Thr6Lys, Val81Ile) using allele-specific restriction enzyme analysis and automated sequencing. Genotype and haplotype associations with anthropometric variables such as body mass index (BMI), waist, hip, and mid-upper-arm circumferences (WC, HC, MUAC), and metabolic traits (fasting blood glucose, high density lipoproteincholesterol, total cholesterol), and blood pressure were further conducted. Furthermore, the type and frequency of physical activity was assessed by means of structured questionnaires; and its effect on obesity-related variables investigated in learners that were genotyped for the MC3R Thr6Lys and Val81Ile polymorphisms. Results: In a stepwise backward logistic regression analysis (containing age, gender, and LEP, LEPR, CART and GHRL polymorphisms), CART c.517A>G was independently significantly associated with obesity (OR= 5.98; 95%CI= 2.02, 21.27). CART c.517G carriers had higher MUAC (b coefficient= 1.88; 95%CI= 0.31, 3.44) while the LEPR 109Arg allele was significantly associated with decreased BMI (b coefficient = -2.36; 95%CI= -4.24, -0.47), WC (b coefficient = -5.66; 95%CI= -9.89, -1.44) and MUAC (b coefficient = -1.61; 95%CI= -3.00, -0.22); after adjusting for age, gender, and ethnicity. The haplotype containing the three LEP polymorphisms (A-A-A compared to the reference G-A-G haplotype) increased BMI (p= 0.0155), MUAC (p= 0.0146), and HC (p= 0.0128). The minor alleles of the MC3R polymorphisms decreased BMI, HC, WC, MUAC and TC; whilst only the Thr6Lys was associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p= 0.0047 and 0.0027, respectively) in Mixed Ancestry learners. Doing house chores was associated with lower total cholesterol, independently and in the presence of the 81Ile allele (b coefficient = -0.355; 95%CI= 0.148, 0.561). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study that reports CART c.517A>G polymorphism as a risk factor for obesity in adolescents. Furthermore, the present study demonstrated that the MC3R polymorphisms had a positive effect on total cholesterol, which was further enhanced in physically active individuals. Similar to other studies, LEPR Lys109Arg and LEP polymorphisms were associated with variations in obesity-related variables among Black African and Mixed Ancestry South African learners.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond/Doelwitte: Vetsug het drasties toegeneem in Suid-Afrikaanse kinders en adelossente met ‘n beduidende variasie opgemerk tussen verskillende rassegroepe. Gene verantwoordelik vir regulering van eetlus is reeds wêreldwyd in verskillende bevolkingsgroepe bestudeer, maar hul rol in oorgewig Suid-Afrikaanse adolessente is onbekend. Die huidige studie was daarop gerig om ondersoek in te stel na die rol van hierdie gene en hul gekombineerde effek met fisiese aktiwiteit in die ontwikkeling van vetsug onder Suid-Afrikaanse adolessente. Metodes: ‘n Totaal van 1564 Suid-Afrikaanse leerders van Kaukasiese Afkoms (n=146), Gemengde Afkoms (n=872) en Swart Afkoms (n= 537) was gewerf in die navorsingsprojek wat ten doel gehad het om kinders en adolosente met diabetes en die metaboliese sindroom te identifiseer wat skole bygewoon het in semi-voorstedelike gebiede van die Wes-Kaap. Die huidige gevalle studie het 227 vetsugtige-oorgewig (115 Swart Afkoms en 110 Gemengde Afkoms) en 204 normale gewig (94 Swart Afkoms en 110 Gemengde Afkoms) leerders ingesluit. Die leerders was gegenotipeer vir nege polimorfismes (LEP: 19G>A, Lys36Arg, Val94Met; LEPR: Lys109Arg; Gln223Arg, Lys656Asn; CART: c.160-33G>A, c.499delA, and c.517A>G; GHRL: Leu72Met; and MC3R: Thr6Lys, Val81Ile) met die gebruik van alleel-spesifieke restriksie ensiem analises en geoutomatiseerde DNA volgorde bepalings tegnieke. Genotipiese en haplotipiese assosiasies met antropometriese veranderlikes soos liggaamsmassa indeks (BMI), middel-, heup- en mid-boarm omtrek (WC, HC, MUAC), metaboliese tendense (vastende bloed glukose, hoë-digtheid lipoproteïen-cholesterol, totale cholesterol) en bloeddruk was ook uitgevoer. Die tipe en frekwensie fisiese aktiwiteit was geassesseer deur middel van gestruktureerde vraelyste; en die uitwerking daarvan op vetsugverwante veranderlikes ondersoek in leerders wat vir die MC3R Thr6Lys en Val81Ile polimorfismes gegenotipeer was. Resultate: Statistiese ontleding (‘‘stepwise backward logistic regression analysis”), wat ouderdom, geslag en polimorfismes (LEP, LEPR, CART GHRL) ingesluit het, het getoon dat CART c.517A>G betekenisvol onafhanklik geassosiasieer was met vetsug (OR= 5.98; 95% CI= 2.02, 21.27). CART c.517G draers het ‘n hoër MUAC waarde gehad (b koeffisient = 1.88; 95%CI= 0.31, 3.44), terwyl die LEPR 109Arg alleel betekenisvol geassosieer was met verlaagde BMI ((b koeffisient = -2.36; 95%CI= -4.24, -0.47), WC (b koeffisient = -5.66; 95%CI= -9.89, -1.44) en MUAC (b koeffisient = -1.61; 95%CI= -3.00, -0.22) na die aanpassing van ouderdom, geslag en etnisiteit. Die haplotipe met die drie LEP polimorfismes (A-A-A teenoor die G-A-G verwysingshaplotipe) het die BMI (p= 0.0155), MUAC (p= 0.0146) en HC (p= 0.0128) verhoog. Die mindere allele van die MC3R polimorfismes het die BMI, HC, WC, MUAC en TC verlaag; terwyl slegs die Thr6Lys polymorfisme met sistolies en diastolies bloeddruk (p= 0.0047 en p= 0.0027, onderskeidelik) geassosieer was in Gemengde Afkoms leerders. Die verrigting van algemene huistake was geassosieer met laer totale kolesterol vlakke, onafhanklik en in die teenwoordigheid van die 81lle alleel (b koeffisient= -0.355; 95%CI= 0.148, 0.561). Gevolgtrekking: Na ons wete is hierdie die eerste studie wat die CART c.517A>G polimorfisme as ‘n risikofaktor vir vetsug in adolessente aantoon. Die huidige studie toon ook dat die MC3R polimorfisme ‘n positiewe effek op totale kolesterol gehad het, wat ook verder versterk was in fisiese aktiewe individue. Soortgelyk aan ander studies, was die LEPR Lys109Arg en LEP polimorfismes geassosieer met variasies in vetsug-verwante veranderlikes onder Suid-Afrikaanse Swart en Gemengde Afkoms leerders.
This research was supported by a grant from the University Research Fund of the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Harry Crossley, University of Stellenbosch, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical Research Council, and the National Health Laboratory Services, South Africa.
Santos, Silvana Maria de Barros. "A obesidade e o sobrepeso de adolescentes mulheres na atualidade : um olhar psicanalítico". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2013. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=988.
Pełny tekst źródłaNowadays, obesity is characterized as a disease of multiple causes, its a serious illness and with high incidence in developed and developing countries. This way, it is possible to consider that obesity can be analyzed by various multifactorial features as genetic, social, and affective. In this sense, this dissertation says some affective aspects in obesity and overweights problematic in adolescent women, seeking to verify possible failures in affective relation mother and daughter, in the early stages of development of the girl. This study, is based on theoretical conceptions of Winnicott (1983, 2000, 2005, 2006), Levinsky (1995), Barbosa Silva (2005), Bruno (2011) and Cardoso (2008). It was used as methodological procedure the qualitative approach of Oral Life History that privileges the narratives of the subject as knowledge their affective experiences. Thus, they have been recorded interviews with obese adolescents or overweight 13 to 18 years who are part of the screening or are in the nutritional treatment Clinic-School of Nutrition of Biological Sciences and Health College (Cesmac) in Maceió, Alagoas. In this way, the narratives of the interviewed adolescents wove their life story, they are presenting significant data such as the relationship with the mother, the family context, the own act of adolescent and the dealing with conflicts in daily life as important aspects and as possible hypotheses to bring on the onset of obesity and overweight in these adolescent women. Each studied context, reveals singularities mother and daughter relationship and it stands as fundamental to the development and the construction girls maturing in childhood, and mainly, in youth.