Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Nutritionally induced diseases”
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Van, Staden Wehlia. "Die rol van etikettering van nutriëntsamestelling op die voorkoming van vetverwante siekte : 'n sistematiese literatuuroorsig /". Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1271.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrancisco, Ngiambudulu Mbandu. "Modulation of postprandial oxidative stress by rooibos (aspalathus linearis) in normolipidaemic individuals". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1469.
Pełny tekst źródłaConsumption of sucrose with a meal containing oxidised and oxidisable lipids cause an increase in oxidative stress which is referred to as postprandial oxidative stress. The modulating effect on postprandial oxidative stress by an antioxidant-rich beverage, fermented rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) was compared to that of a commercial soft drink (soda). Both study beverages contained sucrose and were consumed with a standardised fat meal. The study consisted of two parts, a pilot study (Phase One) where participants consumed either a standardised fat meal with water (control group n = 5) or a standardised fat meal with a sucrose-containing commercial soda (treatment group n = 8) using a parallel design, and the experimental study (Phase Two) where participants (n = 14) consumed the standardised fat meal with the commercial soda (control group) or the rooibos beverage (treatment group) using a crossover design. Specific analytical techniques and methods for determination of plasma glucose, serum insulin, lipid profile, an inflammatory indicator (high sensitive C-reactive protein), plasma antioxidant capacity, whole blood redox status and plasma lipid oxidation biomarkers were used. Results from the pilot study indicated significantly (P<0.05) higher postprandial levels of glucose in the control group at 4 hr and 6hr postprandially. The inflammatory biomarker and triglyceride levels were significantly (P<0.05) elevated in both groups when compared to their respective baselines. Results also showed the total antioxidant capacity and total glutathione levels in the plasma of both groups to be significantly (P<0.05) lowered when compared to the baseline values. The level of lipid oxidation biomarkers in the plasma was significantly (P<0.05) higher at 2 hr, 4 hr and 6 hr post time intervals for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and 4 hr post time interval for conjugated dienes in the participants consuming the standardised fat meal with soda when compared to the baseline value, while this was reflected only at 2 hr post time interval for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, with the conjugated dienes levels being significantly (P<0.05) lowered at 6 hr post time interval in the control group. No differences were shown on inter group level for the pilot study. On inter group level, results from Phase Two showed significant (P<0.05) lower levels of plasma glucose at 6 hr post time interval in the treatment group when compared to the control group, with insulin levels being significantly (P<0.05) higher in the control group at 4 hr post time interval.
Shin, Andrew Changhun. "Unveiling diet-induced obesity leptin insensitivity and dysregulation of the HPA axis /". Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła雷志鵬 i Chi-pang Lui. "Nutritional zinc-deficiency and nitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis in the rat". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207820.
Pełny tekst źródłaLui, Chi-pang. "Nutritional zinc-deficiency and nitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis in the rat /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12326550.
Pełny tekst źródłaKucich, Daniela Amalia. "Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of a selection of South African indigenous fruits". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2322.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt has recently been confirmed that people consuming 7+ portions of fruit and vegetables daily have a lower risk of mortality from any cause. With a fifth of the population of South Africa falling below the poverty line, it has been found that rural adults have a very low daily intake of fruit and vegetables; at the same time rural children are consuming a primarily maize-based diet. This low dietary diversity translates into a higher level of infectious diseases in children younger than five years. Interventions at national level included promoting the growing of underexploited traditional indigenous vegetables and fruits in home gardens, in the hope that rural households would help themselves in diversifying their cereal-based diet, while using crops they are accustomed to in their environment. Ten indigenous South African fruits found in the Western Cape were evaluated for their potential to make a positive contribution to the diet of rural communities and were compared with Blueberry and Cranberry, the North American ‘gold standards’. The following determinations were carried out on 12 samples: Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavanols and Total Monomeric Anthocyanins were analysed using the Folin-Ciocalteu, Mazza and pH Differential methods. Total Antioxidant Capacity was assessed using the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC), DPPH and Molybdenum Reduction assays. The Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORACFL) was also determined. Iron Chelating Activity, one of the methods recommended to reflect other antioxidant mechanisms, was also investigated. The fruits possessing the highest concentration of Total Phenolic Content (Mazza) were Christmas berry, Bietou, Wild Olive and Wild Plum, at levels significantly higher than those of the two control berries, Blueberry and Cranberry. The fruits yielding the highest results for the TEAC assay were Wild Plum, Wild Olive, Tortoise berry, Christmas berry and Colpoon. The fruits giving the highest results for the DPPH assay were Wild Plum, Colpoon, Wild Olive, and Christmas berry. The fruits showing the highest results for the Molybdenum Reduction assay were Wild Olive, Wild Plum, Christmas berry, and Tortoise berry. The fruits yielding the highest results for the ORAC Total Antioxidant Capacity assay were Colpoon, Christmas berry, Wild Olive, Crossberry, Wild Plum, Waterberry followed by Blueberry and Cranberry. The results from the Iron Chelating Activity assay revealed a ranking of Christmas berry, Blueberry, followed by Num-num. On combining the results of eight assays, namely TPC (Mazza), TF, TA, TEAC, DPPH, TAC, TPC (FCR), ICA to give an Antioxidant Potency Composite Index, the fruits with the highest iv rankings were (1) Wild Plum, (2) Wild Olive, (3) Colpoon, and (4) Christmas berry. By comparison the northern hemisphere control berries ranked (5) Blueberry and (9) Cranberry. These findings show that by introducing even small servings of indigenous fruits into the diet, an important and inexpensive source of natural antioxidants could be accessed and the mean daily ORAC intake could thereby be boosted significantly by about 4,000 µmol Trolox Equivalents to bring the Total ORAC consumed to within optimum levels (6,000 µmol Trolox Equivalents and above). These bioactive plant compounds have the potential to deliver immense benefits to health to impoverished South African adults, as well as rural children, well beyond basic nutrition.
Ambrosini, Gina L. "Dietary risk factors for prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia". University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0135.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlhindi, Yosra. "Effects of low citrate synthase activity on physiological responses of mice to high fat diet and palmitate induced lipotoxicity". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231391.
Pełny tekst źródłaVan, Staden Wehlia. "Die rol van etikettering van nutrientsamestelling op die voorkoming van vetverwante siekte : 'n sistematiese literatuuroorsig". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3070.
Pełny tekst źródłaA diet high in fat results in dietary-related diseases, which have reached epidemic proportions in South Africa. Nutritional labelling has the potential to alter consumers’ knowledge of attitude and behaviour towards their fat intake. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of nutritional labelling on the population’s fat-intake through a systematic literature review. Electronic databases, reference lists of relevant studies and the Internet were searched, to identify studies that could help to answer the problem statement. Relevant citations were independently identified by two investigators based on the established inclusion-criteria. After this the full text of the selected citations were obtained and filtered independently by each investigator based on the inclusion- and exclusion criteria. The characteristics of each study was recorded in specially developed data extraction forms by the investigator herself and was checked by a second investigator. The primary objective of the study was to investigate nutritional labelling on food packaging. Two other forms of labelling were included to gain a more concise perception of consumers’ knowledge and practices regarding information on fat. These other forms were point-of-sale labelling (in supermarkets, in restaurants, by vending machines) and experimental labelling (labels spesifically designed to indicate the fat-content of a food item). A total of 59 relevant studies were included based on the inclusion-criteria. Although only a few studies assessed the effect of labelling on diet, there was evidence that the use of labels resulted in lower fat intake. Women older than 35 years with higher education levels, who used nutritional supplements, and who were in the maintenance stage of change to a lower fat diet, and who believed in the importance of nutrition, were between 50% to 80% higher users of information about fat than their counterparts. Fat is the food component which was most looked at on the food label (50% to 80%). Small changes in fat intake occured due to point-of-sale labelling, but labelling programmes which combined labelling with additional information on fat (e.g. pamphlets), increased visibility and nutrition education programmes, were more successful. People generally perceived products lower in fat as less pleasant, but sensory judgement of the products labelled with a low fat content were related to a person’s beliefs and concerns towards fat. Nutritional labelling can be an effective measure, which can be used to reduce the population’s fat intake; however, more research is needed to assess the effect of labelling on fat content of their diet. Regulations and education is needed to enhance the consumer’s trust in and capability in the use of labelling to make better food choices and to alter their diet. The success of labelling is dependant on a well-educated and motivated population, as well as the necessary information in a format which is understandable to the consumer.
Alfonso, Durruty Marta Pilar. "Biosignificance of Harris lines as stress markers in relation to moderate undernutrition and bone growth velocity a New Zealand white rabbit model for the study of bone growth /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaBux, Fathima. "Eating patterns of Indian preschool children between 1-5 years of age in Howick West (Kwa-Zulu Natal)". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53399.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: Most of the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), obesity, physical inactivity and heredity are common in South African populations, with Indians ranking among those with the highest prevalence in the country. Little published literature is available on eating patterns in pre-school children in the Indian population. Therefore, this study a ims to assess the nutritional status of a group of Indian pre-school children in Howick West (a small suburb in the Kwa-Zulu Natal Midlands). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 50 Indian pre-school children between the ages of 1-5 years, randomly selected from a total of 632 available Indian households in Howick West. Written, informed consent was obtained from the mother/caregiver of each child that participated in the study. Standardized and validated 24-hour-recall (24-H-R) and quantitative food frequency questionnaires (QFFQ), used in the National Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) of 1999, were adapted and used to assess habitual intake and eating patterns of the 50 Indian pre-school children. Height and weight measurements using standardized methodology were used to assess the anthropometric status of the children. Results: The prevalence of underweight was 14%. Stunting affected only 8% of the children, and 2% were at risk of overweight. The mean energy intakes of the children were above that recommended for age. A high fat intake was observed, with total fat contributing 42% to the daily total energy (TE) intake. The contributions of total carbohydrate and protein to TE intake were 45% and 10%, respectively. Low mean intakes of the following micronutrients were observed (less than 67% of the RDA): Calcium (22% of the children), Vitamin D (90%), Zinc (56%) and Iodine (90%), respectively. Based on the 24-H-R, the intakes of the remaining micronutrients were either above or equivalent to that recommended for age when compared to the 1989 RDAs. Conclusions: Despite a relatively high prevalence of underweight compared to overweight in these preschoolers, dietary analysis has indicated adequate dietary intakes in terms of total energy recommended for the age groups studied. However, total fat intake which represented 42% of TE, was high, with saturated fat (SF) contributing 15% to TE intake. This finding is cause for concern as excessive consumption of dietary fat has been implicated in the aetiology of CVD, obesity and some forms of cancer, and CHD is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in South Africa, especially among the Indian segment of the population.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Meeste van die risikofaktore vir koronêre hartsiektes (KHS) soos hipertensie, dislipidemie, rook, nie-insulien afhanklike diabetes (NIADM), vetsug, fisiese onaktiwiteit en oorerflikheid, kom algemeen onder Suid-Afrikaanse bevolkingsgroepe voor, met Indiërs onder dié met die hoogste voorkoms in die land. Min gepubliseerde inligting is beskikbaar oor die eetgewoontes van voorskoolse kinders onder die Indiër bevolking. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus 0 m die voedingstatus van 'n groep Indiër voorskoolse kinders in Howick Wes ('n klein voorstad in die Kwa-Zulu Natal Middellande) te bepaal. Metodes: Dit was 'n dwarssnit studie van 50 voorskoolse Indiër kinders tussen die ouderdomme van 1-5 jaar, ewekansig geselekteer uit 632 beskikbare Indiër huishoudings in Howick Wes. Geskrewe en ingeligte toestemming is ontvang van die moeder/versorger van elke kind wat aan die studie deelgeneem het. Gestandaardiseerde en gevalideerde 24-uur herroep (24-H-R) en voedsel frekwensie vraelyste (QFFQ) soos gebruik in die Nasionale Voedsel Inname Studie (NFCS) van 1999, is aangepas en gebruik om gewoontelike inname en eetgewoontes van die 50 Indiër voorskoolse kinders te bepaal. Lengte en gewig is m.b.v. standaad tegnieke bepaal om die antropometriese status van die kinders te evalueer. Resultate: Die voorkoms van ondergewig was 14%. Dwerggroei het slegs 8% van die kinders geaffekteer en 2% het 'n risiko vir oorgewig getoon. Die gemiddelde energie inname van die kinders was hoër as wat aanbeveel word vir hierdie ouderdomsgroep. 'n Hoë vetinname is gevind, met 'n totale vet bydrae van 42% tot die daaglikse totale energie (TE) inname. Die bydrae van koolhidrate en proteïen tot TE was 45% en 10% respektiewelik. Lae gemiddelde innames van die volgende mikrovoedingstowwe is gevind (minder as 67% van die RDA): kalsium (22% van die kinders), vitamien D (90%), sink (56%) en jodium (90%), respektiewelik. Gebasseer op die 24-H-R, was die inname van die oorblywende mikrovoedingstowwe óf hoër óf gelyk aan wat aanbeveel word vir die betrokke ouderdomsgroep wanneer vergelyk word met die 1989 RDA. Gevolgtrekkings: Ten spyte van 'n relatiewe hoë voorkoms van ondergewig in vergelyking met oorgewig in hierdie voorskoolse kinders, was dieetinname voldoende in terme van totale aanbevole energie vir die ouderdomsgroep. Totale vetinname, wat 42% van TE uitgemaak het, was egter hoog en versadigde vette het 15% van TE bedra. Hierdie verskynsel is 'n rede tot kommer aangesien oormatige vetinname reeds geïmpliseer is in die etiologie van KHS, vetsug en sommige vorms van kanker, en KHS is een van die belangrikste oorsake van morbiditeit en mortaliteit in Suid Afrika, veralonder die Indiër bevolking.
Bester, Dirk Jacobus. "The effect of red palm oil supplementation of an oxidative risk induced diet and a high saturated fat diet on ischaemia/perfusion injury in the isolated perfused rat heart". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1470.
Pełny tekst źródłaResearch has shown that the activation of the NO-cGMP pathway leads to myocardial protection from oxidative stress conditions, such as ischaemia and reperfusion. Few of these studies have however combined diet induced oxidative stress with ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Although little is known about the effects of supplements such as red palm oil (RPO) on the NO-cGMP pathway, research has shown that dietary RPO-supplementation improved reperfusion aortic output recovery through mechanisms that may include activation of the NO-cGMP- and inhibition of the cAMP pathway. RPO is an antioxidant-rich oil containing ~carotene and Vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols). The aims of this study were to determine: 1) whether RPO-supplementation of an oxidative risk induced diet (ORD) and a high saturated fat diet (HFD) offers protection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury in the isolated perfused rat heart and 2) the possible mechanisms for this protection. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups for a period of 14 weeks according to the dietary supplementation they received. The control groups received either an oxidative risk induced diet (ORD) or a high saturated fat diet (HFD), while the experimental groups received an ORD supplemented with RPO (ORD+RPO) or a HFD supplemented with RPO (HFD+RPO).
Adedeji, Adekunle, Effiong Ottukonyong, Jonathan M. Peterson i W. Andrew Clark. "The Combined Effects of Leptin And Coenzyme Q10 in Ameliorating Obesity-Induced Infertility in Female Rats". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2513.
Pełny tekst źródłaLambert, Julie. "Autoimmune Diabetes and Transplantation Tolerance Induced by Costimulation Blockade in NOD Mice: a Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2007. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/344.
Pełny tekst źródłaKruger, Annie J. "Prediction, Prevention and Treatment of Virally Induced Type 1 Diabetes: A Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/424.
Pełny tekst źródłaSnyder, Jarin T. "ER Stress and ATF6alpha potently induce S-Phase in Old Mouse Beta Cells Cultured Ex-Vivo in High Glucose". eScholarship@UMMS, 2020. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/1125.
Pełny tekst źródłaPearson, Todd. "The Genetic Basis of Resistance to Transplantation Tolerance Induced by Costimulation Blockade in NOD Mice: a Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2003. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/16.
Pełny tekst źródłaOslowski, Christine M. "TXNIP is a Mediator of ER Stress-Induced β-Cell Inflammation and Apoptosis: A Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2012. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/611.
Pełny tekst źródłaSexton, Peter Thomas. "Dietary fatty acids and sudden unexpected cardiac death". Thesis, 1993. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/21539/7/whole_SextonPeterThomas1994_thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaFerrier, Melinda. "Sodium consumption, health and food palatability". Thesis, 1998. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19691/1/whole_FerrierMelinda1998_thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaTighe, Clare M. "Predicting fat and sodium intakes from diet self-efficacy and health-related values". Thesis, 1995. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/21948/1/whole_TigheClareM1996_thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaHa, Mai Dung Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "The role of specific genetic host factors, specific dietary factors and Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of gastric cancer". 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40873.
Pełny tekst źródłaCrowhurst, Rhiannon. "Lifestyle behaviours, psychological wellbeing and cardiovascular disease in women executives and senior management". Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/21824.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study investigated whether the lifestyle behaviours and psychological well-being of women executives and managers predicted their ten-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The sample of South African women executives and managers work in a variety of industries in the cities of Johannesburg, Durban and Cape Town. The study sought to determine the predictability of the women executives and managers’ risk of developing cardiovascular disease through examining their level of alcohol consumption, level of physical exercise and the nutritional and dietary choices that they made as well as their level of depression, anxiety and stress. The data was gathered through an executive health and wellness programme and logistic regression and Chi-squared tests of association were used in conducting the analyses. The results suggested that the level of alcohol consumption and the nutritional and dietary choices made were predictive of the individual’s ten-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Additionally, the level of anxiety was found to be associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The results suggest that both individuals and organisations should prioritise the changing of unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, specifically excessive alcohol consumption and daily dietary choices, in order to lower their risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
MT2017
"Evaluation of mageu-based gluten-free bread in South Africa". Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13705.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoeliac disease is an autoimmune disease triggered by the ingestion of gluten; persons suffering from coeliac disease are compelled to follow a life-long gluten-free diet. Gluten-free bread, (GFB), has poor quality attributes compared to wheat bread. The effect of mageu, a traditional beverage on quality parameters of GFB with and without selected hydrocolloids was studied. Mageu produced from maize flour and commercial starter cultures were used in GFB based on sorghum, soybean flour and maize starch. It is hypothesized that mageu with or without hydrocolloids could improve GFB quality aspects. The quality parameters measured were specific volume, loaf height, bake loss, rheological attributes, crumb firmness, firming rate, onset of mould growth and sensory attributes: texture, crumb colour, crust colour, flavour and overall acceptability.....