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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Nutrition policy”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 29 lipca 2024

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1

Beattie, Shaun, i Susannah M. Sallu. "How Does Nutrition Feature in Climate-Smart Agricultural Policy in Southern Africa? A Systematic Policy Review". Sustainability 13, nr 5 (4.03.2021): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052785.

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The ability to produce and supply more food that is both nutritious and environmentally sustainable is a momentous challenge facing Africa. Where climate change is expected to negatively impact the agricultural resource of many parts of Southern Africa specifically. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) has emerged as an approach considered capable of transforming and realigning agricultural systems to support food and nutritional security, and development under a changing climate. For sustainable food and nutrition security to be achieved, an effective policy environment is required that supports the widespread adoption of CSA application. In light of this context, this study aims to better understand nutrition’s current position within CSA-related policy at the national level by systematically reviewing all agriculture-related policy documents across Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia, published between 2010 and 2019. The main findings show that efforts to address nutrition are being made within all countries and a sizeable number of policies, with crop-diversification and intensification presented as popular practices promoted as part of CSA. Nonetheless, the widespread adoption of these efforts remains weak and policies lack detail and instruction for the delivery of nutritional security. Cross-ministerial collaboration is recognised as essential for an improved policy environment, but few provide plans to strengthen such linkages or to include nutritional strategies. Clearer actions and policy outlines that promote nutrition as part of CSA are necessary if more effective action is to be achieved.

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Pietinen, Pirjo, Satu Männistö, Liisa M. Valsta i Sirpa Sarlio-Lähteenkorva. "Nutrition policy in Finland". Public Health Nutrition 13, nr 6A (czerwiec 2010): 901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010001072.

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AbstractThe present study describes the main actions in Finnish nutrition policy during the past decades. The main actor is the National Nutrition Council, which provides nutritional recommendations and action programmes, and sets up expert groups to solve nutritional problems in the population. The main fortification programmes have been the iodization of table salt, supplementation of selenium to fertilizers and the vitamin D fortification programme. As an example of national legislation, labelling the salt content of foods is described. Finnish nutrition policy is based on a good monitoring system of nutrition and risk factors of chronic diseases, as well as active epidemiological research. However, the authorities have not often taken proposed fiscal measures seriously but have instead considered agricultural and economic policies more important than health policy.

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Bittle, Cheryl, i Katherine J. Gorton. "Nutrition policy". Journal of the American Dietetic Association 101, nr 2 (luty 2001): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00041-4.

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&NA;. "NUTRITION POLICY". Nutrition Today 33, nr 3 (maj 1998): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00017285-199805000-00009.

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Zeshan, Muhammad. "A Review of Trade Challenges and Nutritional Opportunities in Asia Pacific". Global Trade and Customs Journal 19, Issue 7/8 (1.07.2024): 555–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2024062.

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Asia Pacific has undergone substantial economic growth and trade integration, yet food and nutrition security challenges persist. Different forms of malnutrition, including undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, and a rising prevalence of obesity and diet-related diseases, impose significant human and economic costs. This paper examines the opportunities to more strategically leverage regional agricultural trade policy to improve access to diverse, nutritious, and safe foods. Amid urbanization and dietary changes associated with income growth, demand for imported foods is rising across Asia. Meanwhile, pockets of food insecurity and nutritional inadequacy remain, especially among marginalized groups. Trade has potential to enhance year-round availability and affordability of fruits, vegetables, livestock products, and processed fortified foods to support nutritional diversity. However, proactive policy efforts are essential to build nutrition sensitivity. This analysis indicates that expanding regional trade networks, reducing transaction costs, upgrading value chains, utilizing food fortification, leveraging foreign investment strategically, and incorporating nutritional objectives within policy frameworks could significantly improve availability, affordability, diversity and safety of diets. But complementary investments in health systems, infrastructure, social protection, and women’s empowerment are equally critical given the multifaceted determinants of malnutrition. The present findings point to high potential nutrition and food security synergies from closer coordination between trade, health, agriculture and development policy realms. Mainstreaming nutrition across initiatives, assessing dietary impacts, and aligning incentives for food companies with public health goals are identified as priorities alongside value chain development for nutritious commodities. Further research should quantify expected nutrition outcomes of specific trade reforms. Overall, integrating nutrition sensitivity into Asia Pacific’s dynamic agricultural trade growth represents a promising opportunity to enable healthier, sustainable food systems across this populous region.

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Harper, Alfred E. "Nutrition Policy Controversies". Science 232, nr 4752 (16.05.1986): 810–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.232.4752.810.e.

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Levin, Aaron. "Nutrition and Policy". Annals of Internal Medicine 130, nr 8 (20.04.1999): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-8-199904200-00101.

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Jensen, Chad D., Amy F. Sato, C. Meghan McMurtry, Chantelle N. Hart i Elissa Jelalian. "School Nutrition Policy". ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition 4, nr 5 (24.08.2012): 276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941406412458314.

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Background. School policies limiting the availability of sweetened beverages are often considered to be effective interventions for improving children’s diet and weight-related health. This study was designed to examine the effectiveness of the Rhode Island Healthier Beverage Policy in reducing consumption of unhealthy beverages and in producing changes in children’s weight status. Method. Students in 2 public middle schools in Rhode Island completed self-reported measures of dietary intake and were measured for height and weight prior to and 1 year following the implementation of a state-mandated healthier beverage policy. An inventory of beverages available in vending machines after the beverage policy was implemented provided a measure of adherence with the statewide policy. Results. Both surveyed schools demonstrated compliance with the beverage policy (ie, greater than 70% of available beverages complied). Self-reported consumption of sweetened beverages did not change significantly following policy implementation. Neither average BMI percentile for age and gender nor frequency of children in each weight category changed significantly 1 year after the policy was implemented. Conclusions. Although the healthier beverage policy was effectively implemented, it did not result in changes in self-reported sweetened beverage consumption or weight status 1 year later. Additional school policy and individual-level changes appear to be necessary to effect change in weight and dietary outcomes for children.

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HARPER, A. E. "Nutrition Policy Controversies". Science 232, nr 4752 (16.05.1986): 810–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.232.4752.810-d.

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Vio, Fernando, i Cecilia Albala. "Nutrition policy in the Chilean transition". Public Health Nutrition 3, nr 1 (marzec 2000): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980000000070.

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AbstractObjectiveThis paper examines socioeconomic, demographic, epidemiological and nutrition changes that have occurred in Chile in the last decades using concepts of epidemiological and nutrition transition, and discusses policies related to nutrition.Design and settingThis is a descriptive, population-based study to analyse changes in the Chilean diet and nutrition situation including some of the main demographic, socioeconomic and epidemiological variables. Data came from the FAO, the National Institute of Statistics, the Ministry of Health and national surveys.Results and policy implicationsIn Chile, the epidemiological and nutrition situation shifted from a pretransition stage with high rates of undernutrition to a post-transition stage with increasing rates of obesity in all groups aged less than 20 years. However, changes were not accompanied by modifications in nutrition policy, which had been successful in reducing undernutrition. Despite changes in diet to a ‘western’ diet and in nutritional status of the population from undernutrition to obesity, food and nutrition programmes have been maintained unaltered. Governmental and university organizations were created in 1994 and 1995 to address the current food and nutrition problems. The accomplishments of these institutions have been the elaboration of dietary guidelines, reformulating the food and nutrition programmes and the promulgation of the Food Sanitary Regulations for Chile.ConclusionsEducation for the prevention of nutrition excess problems should be a main food and nutrition policy in developing countries.

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Murray, Kris, Alexander Research Committee, Anna Farmer, Katerina Maximova i Noreen Willows. ""It's huge in First Nation culture for us, as a school, to be a role model": Facilitators and Barriers Affecting School Nutrition Policy Implementation in Alexander First Nation". International Journal of Indigenous Health 12, nr 2 (20.09.2017): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijih122201717784.

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This mixed-methods community-based participatory research generated knowledge of school staff perceptions of the facilitators of and barriers to implementation of a Canadian First Nation school’s healthy nutrition policy. Themes derived from seven qualitative staff interviews were integrated with quantitative data derived from 28 staff surveys. The Medicine Wheel was used to describe results, as it provided a non-hierarchical and relational way to categorize all components and stakeholders of nutrition policy implementation. Factors that facilitated policy implementation were associated with the school environment, including the nutritional quality of foods sold or offered at school, administrative support, and foundational health programming prior to policy development. Staff identified the school as a role model for community members and as a key facilitator of policy implementation (for example, in leading health initiatives, providing a place for nutritious food and physical activity opportunities, and acting as a health resource for all community members). Barriers included inconsistency between staff members in policy implementation, uncertainty about staff members’ role in policy implementation, and lack of school communication with parents regarding the policy. One of the informative barriers from a First Nation perspective was the perceived misalignment of traditional foods, such as bannock or wild game, served at First Nation cultural events with federally derived nutrition standards that emphasize a low-fat diet. Results suggest strengthening school nutrition policy implementation by increasing staff nutrition education and certainty of their roles as policy facilitators, advocates, and enforcers; improving communication with families; having supportive school health programming; and ensuring the school, community, and home environment all reinforce healthy eating.

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Lachat, Carl, John Van Camp, Stefaan De Henauw, Christophe Matthys, Yvan Larondelle, Anne-Marie Remaut–De Winter i Patrick Kolsteren. "A concise overview of national nutrition action plans in the European Union Member States". Public Health Nutrition 8, nr 3 (maj 2005): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004691.

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AbstractObjectiveThis study presents an overview of national nutrition action plans in the member states of the European Union (EU), before its enlargement in 2004. In addition, their compliance with key recommendations of the World Health Organization, as documented in the First Action Plan for Food and Nutrition Policy and the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, has tentatively been evaluated on the basis of the policy documents published.DesignLiterature review of publicly available policy national plans on nutrition and physical activity.SettingMember states of the EU before enlargement in May 2004.ResultsThe development of national nutrition action plans is gaining momentum. Six of the 15 EU member states – namely, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, France, The Netherlands and the UK – have an operational nutrition policy and four of them have published an elaborated description of their nutrition policy in English. By the end of 2004, another four countries are expected to have their plan finalised. The available nutrition action plans generally seem to comply with international recommendations, although large variations are observed between the member states in terms of terminology, nutritional recommendations, institutional framework, nutritional scope, social groups targeted and monitoring and evaluation structures.ConclusionsAlthough the importance of nutritional surveillance, a comprehensive approach to nutritional problems and stakeholder involvement is recognised by the action plans, the justification for it is vaguely described. This paper advocates for proper evaluation and documentation of interventions in public health nutrition and nutrition policies.

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13

More, Caitlin, i Heather Keller. "Community Nutrition Policy For Older Adults in Canada". Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 69, nr 4 (grudzień 2008): 198–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/69.4.2008.198.

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Purpose: Current prevention-focused nutrition policy for community-dwelling older adults in Canada is discussed. Methods: Government websites were searched and key informants asked to identify relevant documents and policies specific to older adults. These were reviewed to find specific legislation on community nutrition programs for older adults. Results: Despite this population’s known nutritional risk, policies guiding community nutrition programs are extremely limited. Current policies and significant documents and organizations that could influence legislation are acknowledged. Conclusions: Dietitians in diverse settings need to advocate for specific policy concerning preventive nutrition programs for older adults in Canada.

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McIsaac, Jessie-Lee D., Cindy L. Shearer, Paul J. Veugelers i Sara F. L. Kirk. "Moving Forward with School Nutrition Policies: A Case Study of Policy Adherence in Nova Scotia". Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 76, nr 4 (grudzień 2015): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2015-017.

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Many Canadian school jurisdictions have developed nutrition policies to promote health and improve the nutritional status of children, but research is needed to clarify adherence, guide practice-related decisions, and move policy action forward. The purpose of this research was to evaluate policy adherence with a review of online lunch menus of elementary schools in Nova Scotia (NS) while also providing transferable evidence for other jurisdictions. School menus in NS were scanned and a list of commonly offered items were categorized, according to minimum, moderate, or maximum nutrition categories in the NS policy. The results of the menu review showed variability in policy adherence that depended on food preparation practices by schools. Although further research is needed to clarify preparation practices, the previously reported challenges of healthy food preparations (e.g., cost, social norms) suggest that many schools in NS are likely not able to use these healthy preparations, signifying potential noncompliance to the policy. Leadership and partnerships are needed among researchers, policy makers, and nutrition practitioners to address the complexity of issues related to food marketing and social norms that influence school food environments to inspire a culture where healthy and nutritious food is available and accessible to children.

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15

Winkler, J. T. "Nutrition Policy for Tunisia". Nutrition and Health 19, nr 3 (1.01.2008): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026010600801900314.

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SIMS, LAURA S. "Public Policy in Nutrition". Nutrition Today 28, nr 2 (marzec 1993): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00017285-199303000-00003.

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Tims, Wouter. "Food and Nutrition Policy". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 7, nr 2 (czerwiec 1985): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658500700213.

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Kent, George. "Food and Nutrition Policy". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 7, nr 4 (grudzień 1985): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658500700403.

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Nestel, Penelope. "Food and Nutrition Policy". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, nr 1 (marzec 1986): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800107.

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Wallerstein, Mitchell B. "Food and Nutrition Policy". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, nr 2 (czerwiec 1986): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800208.

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Smith, Meredith F. "Food and Nutrition Policy". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, nr 3 (wrzesień 1986): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800310.

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Bowonder, B., B. Dasgupta, S. Gupta i S. Prasad. "Food and Nutrition Policy". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 8, nr 4 (grudzień 1986): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482658600800403.

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An article by Mogens Jul in volume 1, number 3, of the Food and Nutrition Bulletin (1979) indicated benefits for the poor from the Amul Dairy Development Scheme in Gujarat State, India; and an update by the same author was published in volume 7, number 2. However, there have continued to be doubts. This article has been accepted because it provides direct data to confirm the suggestions of the earlier articles. It leaves no doubt that well-designed and implemented dairy operations of this type can benefit medium-size as we/l as large farms, and also improve the income and diet of landless labourers.

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Basu, Sanjay, Hilary Seligman i Jay Bhattacharya. "Nutritional Policy Changes in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program". Medical Decision Making 33, nr 7 (28.06.2013): 937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x13493971.

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Samoggia, Antonella, Aldo Bertazzoli i Arianna Ruggeri. "European Rural Development Policy Approaching Health Issues: An Exploration of Programming Schemes". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 16 (18.08.2019): 2973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162973.

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Malnutrition, obesity, type 2 diabetes, micronutrient deficiencies, and the increase in non-communicable diseases are among the future European key challenges in health and welfare. Agriculture and rural development policies can positively contribute to a healthier and nutritious supply of food. The objective of the research is to analyze to what extent European 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 rural development programmes address the nexus between agriculture, food, health, and nutrition to respond to the evolving dietary needs. The research carries out a quali-quantitative content analysis on all 210 European rural development programmes. Results show that the interconnection between agriculture, food, health, and nutrition is present, with differences in the European agricultural and rural policy programming periods. The main interlinking issues of the nexus are food safety, food quality, diseases, nutritional aspect, animal health and welfare, plant health, and environmental health. Healthier and nutritious food-related issues are emerging, addressing dietary needs, and sustaining consumer food trends. Healthy and nutritious food is pursued by combating foodborne communicable diseases and non-communicable diseases. The future Common Agricultural Policy, including its rural dimensions, should support the consumption of healthy foods produced in ways that are environmentally and economically sustainable.

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Oltersdorf, Ulrich. "Impact of nutrition behaviour research on nutrition programmes and nutrition policy". Appetite 41, nr 3 (grudzień 2003): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2003.08.006.

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Whitmire, Meredith, i Robert Blancato. "POLICY SERIES: POLICY UPDATE: OLDER ADULT NUTRITION AND MALNUTRITION". Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (listopad 2019): S67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.258.

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Abstract This symposium will provide an update on older adult nutrition policy, including background on the issues of older adult malnutrition and food insecurity. The federal policy update will include discussion of the Older Americans Act nutrition programs and their reauthorization progress, older adult programs under the US Department of Agriculture, and advances in nutrition services being made in healthcare programs such as Medicare Advantage and managed long-term care services and supports. It will also discuss funding for federal older adult nutrition programs and their sustainability moving forward.

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Sharma, Jyoti, Homayoun Ludin, Monika Chauhan i Sanjay Zodpey. "Public health nutrition in Afghanistan-policies, strategies and capacity-building: current scenario and initiatives". Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 27, nr 7 (29.07.2021): 728–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/emhj.21.043.

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Background: Afghanistan is grappling with high burden of malnutrition in women and children and a rising burden of noncommunicable diseases. Aims: A narrative review was conducted with the aim of mapping current nutrition policies and capacity development initiatives to assess policy and the institutional environment and identify gaps and opportunities. Methods: A comprehensive, broad based search was conducted, including databases and websites and policy and programme documents. Results: The policy focuses on multisectoral efforts to address nutrition challenges; however; implementation of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions is not delivered uniformly at the community level due to continued conflic situations and geographic inaccessibility, lack of availability of trained human resources and weak institutions. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness of nutrition programmes in Afghanistan. Limited policy provisions are available to address nutrition issues due to the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases, urbanization and changing dietary patterns. The shortage of skilled nutritional professionals is a critical issue. Lack of institutional capacity, educational standards and accreditation mechanism poses major challenges. Ongoing training programmes are fragmented and fail to meet the requirements of a professional nutrition workforce. Conclusion: The findings highlight that well-structured policies and strategies focusing on maternal and child nutrition provide an enabling policy environment to scale up nutrition interventions. Evidence on the implementation of programmes is needed to aid policy recommendations. The lack of an institutional mechanism for professional nutrition education highlights the great need for action in Afghanistan for public health nutrition and education.

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Johnson, S. R. "How Nutrition Policy Affects Food and Agricultural Policy". Journal of Nutrition 124, suppl_9 (1.09.1994): 1871S—1877S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/124.suppl_9.1871s.

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Levin, Aaron. "Nutrition and Policy. 3: Food Industry Response to Nutritional Standards". Annals of Internal Medicine 130, nr 12 (15.06.1999): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-12-199906150-00102.

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Helsing, Elisabet. "The History of Nutrition Policy". Nutrition Reviews 55, nr 11 (27.04.2009): S1—S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1997.tb01569.x.

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Acheson, E. D. "Food Policy, Nutrition and Government". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 45, nr 2 (lipiec 1986): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns19860047.

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POWLES, JOHN. "Victoria's food and nutrition policy". Health Promotion International 2, nr 3 (1987): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/2.3.239.

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Kenkel, Donald S., i Willard Manning. "Economic evaluation of nutrition policy". Food Policy 24, nr 2-3 (maj 1999): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-9192(99)00019-6.

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Mangla, Bhupesh. "India's proposed national nutrition policy". Lancet 342, nr 8867 (sierpień 1993): 358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)91488-8.

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MacPherson, Stewart. "Social Policy and Nutrition Surveillance". Social Policy & Administration 24, nr 3 (grudzień 1990): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.1990.tb00343.x.

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Rikimaru, Toru. "Trends in International Nutrition Policy". Japanese Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 62, nr 4 (2004): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.62.199.

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Frenk, Julio, Johannes Le Coutre, Peter Van Bladeren i Stephanie Blum. "Health, Nutrition, and Public Policy". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 31, nr 4 (grudzień 2010): 524–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482651003100406.

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Grossman, Jason, i Karen Webb. "Local food and nutrition policy". Australian Journal of Public Health 15, nr 4 (12.02.2010): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1991.tb00346.x.

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Quelch, John A. "The Role of Nutrition Information in National Nutrition Policy". Nutrition Reviews 35, nr 11 (27.04.2009): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1977.tb06500.x.

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Uauy, Ricardo. "Defining and addressing the nutritional needs of populations". Public Health Nutrition 8, nr 6a (wrzesień 2005): 773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005774.

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AbstractObjectiveTo examine the present methods used to define nutritional needs, and to analyse the intrinsic limitations of the reductionist chemical, biological and medical approaches to assess requirements. To establish the necessity to incorporate the complexities emerging from a broader understanding of the biological sciences as well as to include environmental and social dimensions in addressing nutritional needs.MethodExamples of the limitations of current approaches and the implications of these in defining potential solutions and policy options to address present nutritional problems are presented and discussed.ConclusionThe chemical and biological sciences have provided a strong base for nutrition and have been essential in establishing nutrition as a science with public health relevance. However, these approaches are clearly insufficient to address the main challenges that confront nutrition science now in the twenty-first century. There is a pressing need to include the social, economic and human rights aspects in order to define future policies that will secure the right to safe and nutritious food for all.

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Morgan, Peter J. "Back to the future: the changing frontiers of nutrition research and its relationship to policy". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 71, nr 1 (9.11.2011): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665111003314.

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Seventy years have elapsed since the Nutrition Society was founded and John Boyd Orr became its first Chairman. Over the intervening period, nutrition research has embraced and responded to a wide variety of challenges as the requirements of research have evolved and changed. This paper reflects on some of the major challenges that have influenced nutrition research over the past 70 years and considers where nutrition stands today along with the challenges for the future. In the past, these challenges have included food security and improvements in animal nutrition to enhance production through problems of overnutrition, such as CVD and obesity, as well as the recognition of the importance of early-life nutrition. The challenges for the future include how to translate the increasingly comprehensive and complex understanding of the relationship between nutrition and health, being gained as a result of the genomic revolution, into simple and accessible policy advice. It also includes how we learn more about the ways in which diet can help in the prevention of obesity as well as the ways in which we prevent the rise in complex diseases in emerging nations as they undergo nutritional transition. From this, it is clear that nutrition research has moved a long way from its initial focus on nutritional deficiencies to a subject, which is at the heart of public health consideration. This evolution of nutrition research means that today diet and health are high on the political agenda and that nutrition remains a priority area for research. It has been 70 years since 1941 when the Nutrition Society was established, under its first Chairman, John Boyd Orr. At that time there were many who believed that nutrition research had reached its peak and there was little left to discover. This view stemmed from the fact that most vitamins and minerals had been discovered and that the syndromes associated with nutritional deficiencies in these were largely known. Despite this gloomy prognosis, the intervening 70 years have witnessed a remarkable evolution in nutrition research, which has underpinned key Government policies, ranging from food security right through to public health. This review considers some major developments that have helped to shape nutrition research over the past 70 years and in so doing have changed its frontiers.

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Thow, Anne Marie. "Trade liberalisation and the nutrition transition: mapping the pathways for public health nutritionists". Public Health Nutrition 12, nr 11 (12.05.2009): 2150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009005680.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe pathways through which trade liberalisation affects the food environment, relevant to the nutrition transition, in order to enable public health nutritionists to understand trade policy as a macro-level influence on food consumption.DesignThe pathways mapped in the present paper are based on the agreements of the World Trade Organization, which shape national policy. Implications for nutrition are presented based on a comprehensive literature review, and case studies are used to illustrate the various pathways.SettingDeveloping countries are currently experiencing a nutrition transition, resulting in dietary patterns associated with chronic disease. Chronic diseases are amenable to prevention, and trade policy has been highlighted as a potential avenue for nutrition-related prevention.ResultsTrade liberalisation influences the food environment through facilitating trade in goods and services, enabling investment and decreasing support/protection for domestic industry. These policy outcomes facilitate the nutrition transition particularly through increasing the availability and affordability of processed foods and animal products. The framework highlights the complex relationship between trade policy and the nutrition transition, with both negative and positive outcomes arising from different aspects of trade liberalisation.ConclusionsPolicy change associated with trade liberalisation has created incentives for consumption patterns associated with the nutrition transition, but has also had some positive nutritional outcomes. As a result, it is important for public health nutritionists to consider the implications of trade policy decisions in their efforts to prevent and control diet-related chronic diseases.

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Jürkenbeck, Kristin, Anke Zühlsdorf i Achim Spiller. "Nutrition Policy and Individual Struggle to Eat Healthily: The Question of Public Support". Nutrients 12, nr 2 (18.02.2020): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12020516.

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The evidence for the effectiveness of nutrition policy interventions is growing. For the implementation of such interventions, social acceptability is crucial. Therefore, this study provides insight into public support for nutrition policy measures such as labelling and taxation. Further it analyses the level of acceptance in a quantitative segmentation approach. A new element to our approach is the comparison of different policy instruments, focusing on the interaction between policy acceptance and the perceived individual struggle to eat healthily. The survey was conducted in November 2017 and a total of 1035 German consumers are included in the data. The results indicate that the majority of German citizens accept nutrition policy interventions. Based on a cluster analysis, five different target groups according to the general acceptance of policy interventions and their own struggle to eat healthily are derived. The five-cluster solution reveals that both consumers who tend to eat a healthy diet as well as those who have problems with their diet support nutritional interventions. This shows that the perceived own struggle to eat healthily does not predict whether consumers accept nutrition policy interventions.

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Mannan, M. A. "An Evaluation of the National Food and Nutrition Policy of Bangladesh". Food and Nutrition Bulletin 24, nr 2 (styczeń 2003): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482650302400211.

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Food and nutrition policy activities directed toward improvement of the nutritional status of the people of Bangladesh began in the 1980s. The government formulated a national food and nutrition policy and approved it in 1997. Qualitative methods, including observational techniques, in-depth interviews of the key informants, and focus group discussions, were used to collect information on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of the policy. The information obtained has been transcribed and analyzed using this model. The strengths of the policy are that it is a consensus document that emphasizes human rights, was formulated by a multisectoral approach, complements other government policies, and has broad goals and wide-ranging objectives. The weaknesses include lack of implementation, monitoring, and evaluation guidelines; lack of strong government commitment; inadequate support of policy makers; perhaps an excessively ambitious target; and ignorance of past lessons learned. The opportunities include the scope of social mobilization, the wide scope of the policy, suggested programs and measures to improve nutritional status, a congenial policy environment, and the ability to modify the scope of the policy as needed. The threats to the policy are lack of knowledge of the policy, lack of resources to implement the policy, tension between technical people and bureaucrats, vested business interests, and, possibly, discontinuity of political commitment. The key to reducing the weaknesses of the food and nutrition policy of Bangladesh and minimizing the threats to it is for the stakeholders in the policy to coordinate efforts to use the strengths and opportunities of the policy to effectively implement it.

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Joyeux, H., M. C. Gouttebel, F. Rodier, B. Lacour i C. Solassol. "Home Total Parenteral Nutrition in France". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1, nr 2 (kwiecień 1985): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300000106.

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This essay traces the evolution in France of a clinical research program to perfect an artifical parenteral nutrition device which would be well tolerated by the patient, an ambulatory system which could eventually be used at home. It began in 1970, when we were struck by the number of patients being treated in hospitals for denutrition and the length of time required to reestablish nutritional equilibrium. Moreover, the denutrition of these patients retarded their oncological therapy. Our main goal was home nutrition. Adequate nutrition should be viewed as an adjunct therapy and since people generally eat at home, why not artifical nutrition at home?

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Hautvast, Jo, Ibrahim Elmadfa i Mike Rayner. "Policy, trade, economic, and technological aspects of improving nutrient intake and lifestyles in the European Union". Public Health Nutrition 4, nr 2a (kwiecień 2001): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980001001574.

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Summary of recommendations1.A new Nutrition Committee for the European Union1.1 A new Nutrition Committee for the European Union, should be created to give independent scientific and policy advice on nutrition, diets and physical activity to the Commission. This should be supported by a strengthened Nutritional Unit within the Commission.2.Policy development2.1 There needs to be a comprehensive and coherent nutritional policy for the EU2.2 The development of European dietary goals should continue after the completion of the Eurodiet Project.2.3 The European Commission should revise its Recommended Daily Allowances for vitamins and minerals using a systematic, evidence-based approach. Recommended Daily Allowances should be set at a level which would prevent deficiencies and lower the risk of disease.2.4 The European Commission should produce, preferably every four years, a report on the state of nutrition, diet and physical activity in the EU. This report should contain proposals for action3.Components of a nutrition policyEducation3.1 The European Commission should not be involved in the direct delivery of lifestyle advice to the public.3.2 The European Commission should continue to support networks whose members are involved in educating the public and in training professionals about nutrition, diets and physical activity.Research3.3 European Community funding of health-related research should better reflect the Community's public health priorities.3.4 The European Community should ear-mark funds for large, multi-centre studies into nutrition, diet and physical activity with a duration of up to 10 years.Consumer protectionFood labelling3.5 The European Commission should draw up proposals for the regulation of health claims.3.6 The European Community should agree rules for the use of nutrition claims along the lines agreed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.3.7 The European Commission should review the 1990 Nutrition Labelling Directive particularly with a view to making nutrition labelling more comprehensible and it should encourage the development of other ways of providing consumers with information about the nutrient content of foods though, for example, the Internet.Food composition3.8 The European Commission should review the Novel Food Regulations, particularly with a view to ensuring that the nutritional consequences of consuming novel foods are better assessed and to making approval procedures more efficient.3.9 European Community rules on food fortification and on food supplements should be harmonised but in such a way that the interests of consumers are paramount.Agriculture policy3.10 The Common Agriculture Policy should be subject to a regular and systematic health impact assessment.3.11 Given that there are subsidies under the Common Agricultural Policy designed to increase consumption of surplus food, these should be directed towards promoting the consumption of foods for which there is strong evidence of a need for increased consumption in the EU for health reasons.Special issuesFruit and vegetable consumption3.12 The promotion of increased fruit and vegetable consumption across the EU should be a key aspect of the European Union's proposed nutrition policy.Breast feeding3.13 The European Union should review its policy on breast feeding including assessing and, if necessary, improving its legislation on breast milk substitutes and maternity leave.Physical Activity3.14 The European Union should have a policy for promoting physical activity in Europe. This should be part of, or at least closely integrated with, the European Union's proposed nutritional policy.

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Gomes, Luis. "Policy responses to food insecurity in Africa". African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 12, nr 4 (5.07.2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.52.ed045.

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Africa is faced with chronic food insecurity, with attendant effects of consumption of unsafe food and inadequate nutrient intake. Despite this dire situation, food security, food safety and nutrition are not adequately reflected in national development plans and there is insufficient capacity and resources for interventions. The impact of adequate, safe and nutritious food on the health status of people remains underappreciated, resulting in low prioritization for the food safety and nutrition and inadequate financial investment. According to the latest FAO estimates [1], the increase in food prices between 2007 and 2009 has plunged an additional 24 million people into hunger in sub-Saharan Africa, thus making Africa home to 15 of the 16 countries where the prevalence of hunger exceeds 35 per cent.

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Doxey, Richmond S., Michael F. Krug i Rick Tivis. "The Lunch Conference Diet: Fostering Resident Engagement in Culinary Medicine Through a Curriculum Centered on Changes to Provided Conference Food". American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 15, nr 3 (19.02.2021): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827621994499.

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Background. Despite the burden of chronic disease attributable to lifestyle, most internal medicine residents do not receive adequate training in nutrition and nutrition counseling. Methods. We held a culinary medicine workshop in September 2018, followed by didactic sessions throughout the academic year. Changes were made to lunch conference food to more closely follow the Mediterranean diet and to encourage healthy eating. With a modified NUTCOMP (Nutrition Competence Questionnaire) instrument, we assesses residents’ perceived competence with nutrition counseling before and after the curriculum. Results. Twenty-six of 30 residents completed the pre-curriculum and post-curriculum surveys (not the same 26). The mean NUTCOMP score increased from 3.5 to 4.0 ( P < .0001), indicating an increased perceived competence with nutritional counseling. Residents felt that nutritional counseling was important before and after the curriculum (4.2 to 4.3, P = .48). Conference food was more nutritious at the end of the intervention (Mediterranean diet score range 1-4 to 4-7) and residents enjoyed the food more. Conclusions. An innovative, multimodal nutrition curriculum centered on changes to catered lunch conference food improved resident’s confidence with nutritional counseling. This could feasibly be integrated into other residency programs with supportive leadership and adequate training.

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Wei, Siying, Xuefei Guo, Yujie Jiang i Shuai Lin. "Research on Audit Problems and Countermeasures of "Special Fund for Nutrition Improvement Plan" of Y Audit Bureau". Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 15, nr 1 (15.05.2024): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajkwq421.

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The implementation of the nutrition improvement plan for rural compulsory education students is an important policy measure for the state to promote educational equity and improve the nutritional status of students in poor areas. The audit of special funds for nutrition improvement program can test the implementation effect of the policy, and standardize the allocation, management and use of funds in education finance and other departments.Y Audit Bureau is the government agency in charge of auditing of Y Municipal People's Government. In September 2023, Y Audit Bureau led the audit of special funds for the nutrition improvement Plan for rural compulsory education students, focusing on policy implementation, fund distribution and use, food safety, etc., promoting the implementation of the nutrition improvement plan policy through audit supervision, and safeguarding the vital interests of rural compulsory education students. Taking Y Audit Bureau as an example, this paper summarizes and refines the key points of the audit work of the nutrition improvement plan, in order to provide reference for relevant auditors and management departments.

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Levin, Aaron. "Nutrition and Policy. 5: Who Should Teach Patients about Nutrition?" Annals of Internal Medicine 131, nr 4 (17.08.1999): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-4-199908170-00101.

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