Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Numismatics of Provence”

Provenance research is no less important in the field of ancient numismatics than it is in art and antiquities. No doubt following on from concerns regarding looted antiquities and their repatriation by many major museums in recent years, especially in the United States of America, there has been an increased interest and awareness of provenance. Beyond these practical reasons to know of an artefacts provenance there has been a renewed interest in academia to reconstruct old antiquities collections or uncover lost provenances. Even in the area of antiquities old provenances continue to be found. For example the provenance of an important Attic red figure amphora once in the collection of Lucien Bonaparte, the Prince of Canino, Etruria and now in the Hermitage museum St Petersburg (Inv. No. GR 8056) was only discovered in 2017.

Publicamos una pequeña serie de monedas, relacionadas con las piezas conocidas inicialmente como de ejemplares “tipo Auriol”. Se trata de varias imitaciones greco-massaliotas, relacionadas con el ciclo numismático griego del Occidente mediterráneo. La importante novedad de las mismas se fundamenta en el lugar de hallazgo, pues este se ha producido en una zona interior de la Península Ibérica, donde hasta el momento no se había documentado el descubrimiento de numismas de este tipo. Palabras clave: moneda, imitaciones, edetanosTopónimos: Massalia, Emporion, AuriolPeriodo: Edetanos ABSTRACTThe text presents a small series of coins, similar to those initially known as "Auriol type". These are various Greek-Massalian imitations, related to the Greek numismatic cycle of the Western Mediterranean. What makes these coins particularly interesting is their place of discovery, since they were found in an inland area of the Iberian Peninsula, where the appearance of specimens of this type had not previously been documented. Keywords: coin, imitations, AuriolPlace names: Massalia, Emporion,Period: edetans REFERENCIASAmorós, J. V. (1934), Les monedes emporitanes anteriors a les dracmes, Barcelona, Gabinet Numismàtic de Catalunya.Arévalo González, A. (2002), “La moneda griega foránea en la Península Ibérica”, en Actas del X Congreso Nacional de Numismática, Madrid, Museo Casa de la Moneda, pp. 1-15.Babelon, E. C. F. (1901), Traité des monnaies grecques et romaine, vol. 1, Paris, Ernest Leroux Editeur.Benezet, J., Delhoeste, J. Lentillon, J.-P. (2003), “Une monnaie du “type d´Auriol” dans la plaine roussillonnaise”, Cahiers Numismatiques, 158, pp. 5-8.Blancard, M. (1870-1871), “Iconographie des monnaies du trésor d´Auriol acquises par le cabinet des médailles de Marseille”, en Mémoires del´Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettre et Arts de Maseille, Marseille, Barlatier-Feissat Pére et fils, pp. 17-33.Blanchet, A. (1905), Traité des monnaies gauloises, vol. 1, Paris, Ernest Leroux Editeur.Campo Díaz, M. (1987), “Circulación de monedas massaliotas en la Península Ibérica (s. V-IV a. C.)”, en Mélanges offerts au docteur J. B. Colbert de Beaulieu, Paris, Leópard d`or, pp. 175-187.— (1997), “La moneda griega y su influencia en el contexto indígena”, en Historia monetaria de Hispania antigua, Madrid, Jesús Vico, pp. 19-49.— (2002), “Las emisiones de Emporion y su difusión en el entorno ibérico”, La monetazione dei Focei in Occidente, Atti dell´XI Convegno del Centro Internazionale di studi Numismatici, Roma, Istituto italiano di Numismatica, pp. 139-165.— (2003), “Les primeres imatges gregues: l´inici de les fraccionàries d´Emporion”, en VII Curs d´Història Monetaria d´Hispània. Les imatges monètaries: llenguatge i significat, Barcelona, Museu Nacional d´Art de Catalunya, pp. 25-45. Campo Díaz, M. y Sanmartí, E. (1994), “Nuevos datos para ña cronología de las monedas fraccionarias de Emporion: revisión del tesoro Neapolis-1926”, Huelva Arqueológica, 13, pp. 153-172.Chevillon, J. A. (2002), “Les monnaies archaïques d´Emporion dans le trésor d´Auriol”, Bulletin de la Société Française de Numismatique, 57, pp. 30-33.Chevillon, J. A., Bertaud, O. y Guernier, R. (2008), “Nouvelles données relatives au monnayage archaïque massaliète”, Revue Numismatique, 164, pp. 209-244.Chevillon, J. A. Ripollès, P. P. (2014), “The Greeck Far West: un exceptional adaptation of a design from Asia Menor with bull und lion foreparts”, Journal of the Numismatic Association of Australia, 25, pp. 44-46.Chevillon, J. A., Ripollès, P. P. y López, C. (2013), “Les têtes de taureau dans le mnnayage postarchaïque empuritain du V siècle av. J. C.”, OMNI. Revue Numismatique, 6, pp. 10-14. De Saucy, F., De Berthélemy, A. y Hucher, E. (1875), “Examen détaillée du trésor d´Auriol (Bouches-du-Rhone)”, en Mélanges de Numismatique 1, Paris, Le Mans, pp. 12-44.Furtwängler, A. E. (1971), “Remarques sur les plus anciennes monnaies frapées en Espagne”, Schweizer Münzblätter, 81, pp. 13-21.— (1978), Monnaies grecques en Gaule. Le trésor d´Auriol et le monnayage de Massalia 525/520-460 av. J. C., Fribourg.— (2002), “Monnaies grecques en Gaule: nouvelles trouvalles (6ème-5 ème s. av. J.-C.)”, en La monetazione dei Focei in Occidente. Atti dell`XI Convegno del Centro Internazionale di Studi Numismatici, Rome, Istituto italiano di Numismatica, pp. 93-11.García-Bellido, M. P. (1993), Las cecas libio-fenicias, Ibiza, Museu Arqueologic d´Eivissa e Formentera.— (1998), “La moneda griega de Iberia”, en Los griegos en España, Madrid, Ministerio de Cultura, pp. 158-178. — (2017), “Las copias de la moneda Tipo Auriol en el Golfo de León: foceos y nativos”, Gaceta Numismática, 194, pp. 3-14.Gozalbes Cravioto, E. (2014), “La economía monetaria en la provincia de Cuenca en la antigüedad”, E. Gozalbes Cravioto, J. A. Hernández Rubio y J. A. Almonacid Clavería (coords.), Cuenca: historia en sus monedas, Cuenca, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, pp. 55-84.— (2017a), “La ceca de Ikalesken y el problema de su localización”, Gaceta Numismática, 193, pp. 3-19.— (2017b), “Una pieza de Urkesken y la localización de la ceca”, Gaceta Numismática, 193, pp. 21-30.Gozalbes Fernández de Palencia, M. y Ripollès, P. P. (2002), “Nuevos hallazgos de monedas foráneas en el territorio de Arse-Saguntum”, en P. P. Ripollès y M. M. Llorens, Arse-Saguntum. Historia monetaria de la ciudad y su territorio, Sagunto, Fundación Bancaja, pp. 528-533.Gozalbes García, H. y Gozalbes Cravioto, E. (2017), “Une obole massaliote datant du Ve siècle av. J. C. sur le territoire de Cuenca (Espagne)”, Bulletin de la Société Française de Numismatique, 72.2, pp. 52-56.Guadán, A. M. (1968), Las monedas de plata de Emporion y Rhode vol. I, Barcelona, Ayuntamiento de Barcelona.— (1970), Las monedas de plata de Emporion y Rhode, vol. II, Barcelona, Ayuntamiento de Barcelona.Lambert, E. (1864), Essai sur la numismatique gauloise du Nord-Ouest de la France, Paris, Derache.Maurel, G. (2013), Corpus des monnaies de Marseille et Provence, Languedoc oriental et vallée du Rhone (520-20 av. notre ère), Montpellier, Omni, 2013.Omos, R. (1995), “Usos de la moneda en la Hispania prerromana y problemas de lectura iconográfica”, en M. P. García-Bellido y R. M. Centeno (eds.), La moneda hispánica. Ciudad y territorio, Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, pp. 41-52.Planas Palau, A. y Martí Mañanes, A. (1991), Las monedas de otras cecas encontradas en Ibiza, Ibiza, Puig Castellar. Ripollès, P. P. (1982), La circulación monetaria en la Tarraconense mediterránea, Valencia, Federico Domenech. — (1985), “Las monedas del tesoro de Morella, conservadas en la B. N de París”, Acta Numismàtica, 19, (1985), pp. 47-64.— (1989), “Fracciones ampuritanas. Estado de la investigación”, Archivo de Prehistoria Levantina, 19,pp. 303-317.— (2005), “Las acuñaciones antiguas de la península Ibérica: dependencias e innovaciones”, en C. Alfaro, C. Marcos y P. Otero (coords.), Actas del XIII Congreso Internacional de Numismática, vol. 1, Madrid, Ministerio de Cultura, pp. 187-208.— (2011), “Cuando la plata se convierte en moneda: Iberia oriental”, en Barter, Money and Coinage in the Ancienr Mediterranean (10th-1st Centuries B.C.). Actas del IV Encuentro Peninsular de Numismátic Antigua, Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, pp. 213-226.— (2013), “Ancient Iberian Coinage”, Documentos Digitales de Arqueología, 2, pp. 1-55.— (2015), “Los divisores ampuritanos con cabeza de carnero y puntos en el campo”, OMNI. Revue Numismatique, 9, pp. 13-16.Ripollès, P. P. Chevillon, J. A. (2013), “The Archaic coinage of Emporion”, The Numismatic Chronicle, 173, pp. 1-21.Ripollès, P. P. y Llorens, M. M. (2002), Arse-Saguntum. Historia monetaria de la ciudad y su territorio, Sagunto, Fundación Bancaja.Rodríguez Casanova, I. (2014), “El tesoro de Valeria: nuevas aportaciones sesenta años después”, en E. Gozalbes, J. A. Hernández Rubio y J. A. Almonacid (coords.), Cuenca: la Historia en sus monedas, Cuenca, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, pp. 85-106.Savès, G. (1976), Les monnaies gauloises à la croix, Toulouse, Privat, 1976.Villaronga, L. (1987), “Les oboles massaliotes à la roue et leurs imitations dans la Péninsule Ibérique”, en Mélanges offerts au docteur J. B. Colbert de Beaulieu, Paris, Leópard d`or, 1987, pp. 769-777.— (1995), “L´emissió emporitana amb cap de be i revers de creu puntejada de la segona meitat del segle V a.C.”, Acta Numismática, 25, (1995), pp. 17-33.— (1997), Monedes de plata emporitanes dels secles V-VI a. C., Barcelona, Leandre, 1997.— (2003), “La troballa de l´Emporà”, Acta Numismàtica, 33, pp. 15-46.Villaronga, L. Benages, J. (2011), Ancient Coinage of the Iberian Peninsula. Greek, Punic, Iberian, Roman, Barcelona, Societat Catalana d´Estudis Numismàtics, 2011 (citado como ACIP).

The article is focused on one unpublished ¼-stater (1.84 g) of the Athena head / four-legged animal type. The coin has been recently documented among collectors, and no finding provenance is known. Based on the typological and metrological analyses, it is possible to take hypothetically in mind the Bohemian territory as the place of origin. It could be another 1/4-stater from the group of the so-called Bohemian local series. The hypothesis must be confirmed or disproved by further authentic finds. From the relative chronological point of view, the coin could be classified under the numismatic horizon A2, i.e. in the second half of the 3rd century BC.

On the 22nd October 2017 the Swiss numismatic firm Nomos offered at auction a silver didrachm minted by the Campanian city of Nola. Unbeknownst to the auction house this coin was once in the collection of Alfred Bourguignon. Although little is known about this 19th century collector, he is recorded by the Almanach de Gotha as being the deputy of the Netherlands Consulate in Naples. He was also a partner in the prominent 19th century Neapolitan bank, Banca Meuricoffre, founded by Achilles Meuricoffre and continued by his two sons Oscar and Tell; he was also their distant cousin. The Meuricoffre (German Moerikhofer) were wealthy Swiss bankers who immigrated to Naples in 1760 to facilitate trade with the Kingdom for the fine silk of Calabria. To repay large financial debts Alfred Bourguignon had accrued from casino and horse gambling, he repeatedly embezzled the bank bringing it to bankruptcy. Although Alfred Bourguignon died in September 1903, Banca Meuricoffre continued trading until 1905 by which time it was insolvent and went into liquidation. The financial damage brought to the Meuricoffre family was significant, having to sell warehouses, agricultural land, the apartment of Palazzo Caprioli, and the Casa Grande of Capodimonte, and an estate in Ischia. The financial activities of the bank were subsequently transferred to Credito Italiano, which opened in Naples in July 1905.

Ivan Skušek Jr. (1877–1947), whose collection of Chinese and Japanese objects has been the subject of research and interest in recent years, can be considered the first collector of East Asian objects in the Slovene ethnic space to have built his collection systematically, examining and verifying the provenance, value, and significance of each item. His extensive collection can compare to Western European collections of East Asian objects while at the same time bearing a stamp of local uniqueness pertaining to the European periphery. Skušek’s legacy includes an important collection of Chinese money from all periods of Chinese history, which is introduced in this paper for the first time. A crucial distinction between this and other collections of Chinese coins is that evidence exists that tells us how Skušek collected the coins, and reveals a lot about his sources and advisors. It has long been known that during his stay in Beijing Skušek befriended many influential and knowledgeable people, including a Franciscan missionary, Fr. Maurus Kluge, who assisted him in assembling his numismatic collection. The paper presents the cooperation between the two in the light of a recent find––the original list and summary appraisal of the most valuable part of Skušek’s numismatic collection and Kluge’s letters to Skušek.

Abstract An archaeometric investigation on 13 late–medieval tournois was here accomplished through a combined approach involving X–ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman techniques. The aim of this study was to determine, starting from the evaluation of the elemental and molecular composition, the raw materials employed for the coin’s alloy and highlight the differences in the coin’s composition according to the location of the original mint and estimated coinage age. The aforementioned aspects not only testify the monetary policy and the political condition of the time, but also would contribute to unambiguously recognize the coin’s original treasury, which is at present an ongoing controversy among the scientific/numismatic community. Finally, the identification of specific minerals by means of Raman spectroscopy allowed us to formulate hypothesis about the state of conservation, and to identify new phases resulting from the soil/burial and climatic environmental coin’s exposition.

This study stems from the need for numismatics to establish whether there may be relationships between a group of 103 bronze coins from the Roman era found in archaeological excavations on the Cesén Mountain (Treviso, Italy) and a group of 117 coins kept at the Museum of Natural History and Archaeology in Montebelluna (Treviso, Italy). The chemists were delivered six coins with neither pre-agreements nor further information on the origin of the coins. Therefore, the request was to hypothetically assign the coins to the two groups on the basis of similarities and differences in their surface composition. Only non-destructive analytical techniques were allowed to be used to characterize the surface of the six coins taken blindly from the two sets. The elemental analysis of each coins’ surface was carried out by µ-XRF. To better observe the morphology of the coins’ surfaces, SEM-EDS was used. Compounds covering the coins coming from both corrosion processes (patinas) and the deposition of soil encrustations were also analyzed by means of the FTIR-ATR technique. The molecular analysis confirmed the presence of silico-aluminate minerals on some coins, unequivocally indicating a provenance from clayey soil. Some soil samples, collected from the archaeological site of interest, were analyzed to verify whether the encrusted layer on coins could contain chemical components compatible with them. This result, together with the chemical and morphological investigations, led us to subdivide the six target coins into two groups. The first group is made up of two coins coming from the set of coins from excavation (found in the subsoil) and from the set from open air finds (coins found in the top layer of the soil). The second group is made up of four coins that are devoid of characteristics corresponding to exposure to soil contact for long periods of time and, moreover, their surface compounds could suggest a different provenance. The analytical results of this study made it possible to correctly assign all six coins to the two groups of finds and support numismatics, which was unconvinced in considering all coins to come from the same finding site only on the basis of archaeological documentations.

Thirteen of a group of thirty Roman coins, found in the so-called “Grotta delle Ninfe” near Cerchiara di Calabria (Calabria, Italy) and preserved in the Brettii and Enotri Museum showcase in Cosenza (Calabria, Italy) have been under archaeometric investigation. The coins have followed a degradation process due to the sulphurous water source near the discovery site. Due to a thick layer of corrosion products, the inscriptions are entirely unreadable. This paper aims to know the constituent material and find hidden signs or inscriptions on the coins using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray microtomography (μ-CT). Employing the X-ray μ-CT, we made some inscriptions readable, and through a numismatic study, we learned the provenance of the coins and their period of manufacture.

In 2016, one half of a copper gilded coin was found single near the train station Louny předměstí (Louny district). Its prototype corresponds with an Ottoman gold denomination sultani struck under the Sultan Suleyman I (AH 926–974/AD 1520–1566). The name of the ruler and his father were identified, but the enthronization date and the mint-name are located out of the preserved area. The ED XRF analysis confirmed solid copper basis and process of gilding in fire. With high probability, the fake is connected with serious need of gold during the Thirty Years War (and the period closely after that), and it is very likely of the local (Central European) provenance. Bohemian, Moravian and Hungarian contexts of forging activities during the Thirty Years War are analyzed, relevant archaeological and numismatic evidence is summarized.

Abstract Medieval Central Europe coins - the Saxon coins, also called as the Otto and Adelheid denarii, as well as the Polish ones, the Władysław Herman and Bolesław Śmiały coins - were examined to determine their provenance and dating. Their attribution and chronology often constitute a serious problem for historians and numismatists. For hundreds of years, coins were in uncontrolled conditions and in variable environment. Destructed and inhomogeneous surface were the effect of corrosion processes. Electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS)), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis (energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF)), and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) were applied. The results of these investigations are significant for our knowledge of the history of Central European coinage, especially of Polish coinage

This article attempts to determine the function of the discovered small collection of 19 pieces of music, owned by Friedrich Wilhelm Jüncke (1842–1897) stored in the Library of the Stanisław Moniuszko Academy of Music in Gdańsk. In the face of limited knowledge about the life of this merchant from Gdańsk, and then from Sopot, the discovery that, apart from numismatic items and so-called Gdansk door, he also collected musical items was a big surprise for the employees of the Art Inkubator, an institution that, since 2019, has been taking care of, e.g. Jüncke’s villa and cherishes the memory of the former owner of the building. The musical and bibliological characteristics of the music prints showed that Jüncke gathered them for collecting rather than for utilitarian purposes. The provenance entries found in two prints prove that Jüncke was not their first owner. In addition, the entries found in the next five prints may prove that after Jüncke’s death some items were in the possession of the Gdańsk NSDAP, and after the war they ended up in the aMuz Library. Undoubtedly, finding this small book collection contributes to supplementing the information about Jüncke and – indirectly – to expanding knowledge about the musical culture of Gdańsk in the period 1939–1945.

This article attempts to determine the function of the discovered small collection of 19 pieces of music, owned by Friedrich Wilhelm Jüncke (1842–1897) stored in the Library of the Stanisław Moniuszko Academy of Music in Gdańsk. In the face of limited knowledge about the life of this merchant from Gdańsk, and then from Sopot, the discovery that, apart from numismatic items and so-called Gdansk door, he also collected musical items was a big surprise for the employees of the Art Inkubator, an institution that, since 2019, has been taking care of, e.g. Jüncke’s villa and cherishes the memory of the former owner of the building. The musical and bibliological characteristics of the music prints showed that Jüncke gathered them for collecting rather than for utilitarian purposes. The provenance entries found in two prints prove that Jüncke was not their first owner. In addition, the entries found in the next five prints may prove that after Jüncke’s death some items were in the possession of the Gdańsk NSDAP, and after the war they ended up in the aMuz Library. Undoubtedly, finding this small book collection contributes to supplementing the information about Jüncke and – indirectly – to expanding knowledge about the musical culture of Gdańsk in the period 1939–1945.

In the course of rescue archaeological investigations at the Viminacium necropolis of Vi{e Grobalja in 1984, one anonymous quadrans of the VIII Apollo group was discovered (cat. 1). It was discovered in trench 63 in the immediate vicinity of a grave with an inhumation (G 343) that, besides two pottery vessels, also yielded as grave offerings one as of Faustina the Elder, minted after her death, in AD 141. Other finds presented here are four specimens of Roman mining coins from the private collection of Petar Fajfri} from [abac (cat. 2-5). All specimens come from the well known site of Duge Njive in the area of the village of Banatsko Polje (Bogati} borough) where, by all appearances, are the remains of a vicus or smaller settlement. Five specimens of mining coins from that site have already been published. Both mining coins and anonymous quadrantes represent, in general, rare types of numismatic finds. Nine anonymous quadrantes are known so far from the territory of Serbia (Table 1) and the provenance is known for three specimens from the region of Guberevac-Babe (Kosmaj), housed in the National Museum in Belgrade. All three belong to the Minerva group with an owl facing to the right represented on the reverse. For two more anonymous quadrantes the place of discovery is known: one specimen comes from Singidunum and belongs to the Mercury group and the other that was found at Viminacium and is the subject of this paper is of the Apollo group. There are four more specimens from unknown sites for which it is assumed that they come from the Upper Moesia territory. Two of them are from the Vajfert collection and two from the Kovacevic collection in the National Museum in Belgrade, There has, however, been a somewhat greater number (38) of Roman mining coins discovered in Serbia (Table 1). We know the finding locations of 25 of them: from the Kosmaj area (Babe, Guberevac and Stojnik), the Ibar valley (from the vicinity of Trepca and So~anica), Ritopek, Belgrade and Banovo Polje. We do not know the provenance for the remaining 13 specimens, but it is assumed that they come from the Upper Moesia territory. The anonymous quadrans discovered at the Viminacium necropolis of Vi{e Grobalja belongs, as previously mentioned, to the Apollo group. The only analogous piece known from the territory of Serbia comes from the Kovacevic collection in the National Museum in Belgrade. Most of the known specimens belong to the Minerva group (3), there are two pieces of the Mars group, one of Mercury and one undetermined (Table 1). The anonymous quadrans from Viminacium is the second of its kind discovered along the Upper Moesia section of the Danube limes. The quadrans from Singidunum was found in the zone of the Roman Singidunum harbour and belongs to the Mercury group. Five specimens of mining coins in the Fajfri} collection published earlier belong to the same METAL DELM type with a bust of Diana on the obverse and deer on the reverse. To this group should be added our specimen cat. 2, and as such this type is the best represented group (6) of mining coins from the site of Duge Njive at Banovo Polje. The same group, Metalli Delmatici, also includes cat. 3, which has the head of Mars on the obverse and armour on the reverse. Then there are the two identical quadrantes of the group MetalliAureliani (cat. 4, 5) and their only analogy from the territory of Serbia is the quadrans from the Kosmaj area. The nine specimens of mining coins from the site of Duge Njive at Banovo Polje make up a considerable proportion of the total number of mining coins in Serbia. Their importance is even greater because of the fact that seven METAL DELM specimens are the first of that group for which we know the finding location. Finds of the anonymous quadrans from the Viminacium necropolis of Vi{e Grobalja and the mining coins from Banovo Polje complete the picture of the topography of this kind of numismatic finds. Their publishing is, mainly because of the known provenance, more significant for future investigations.

In this article we examine the figure of the military engineer, geometer, architect Pierre Rico de Tirregaille (Tirrgaille, French Pierre Ricaud de Tirregaille, Ricaud (Ricaut, Ryko) Pierre de Tirregaille (Tirgaille)). The years of his activity (about 1725 - after 1772) are relatively well known to researchers. But his biography remains unknown, except for the period of activity in the Commonwealth. Analysis of the results of previous research has shown that scientific research has been conducted in several areas. The first area includes research on biographical information about the architect. The second area includes studies on various projects that Pierre Rico de Tirregail commissioned. Manuscripts and graphics are important sources for finding out about Pierre Rico de Tirregail and his design work. They are stored in the archives of Warsaw, Krakow, the National Heritage Institute in Warsaw and the National Library of France in Paris. Pierre Ricaud de Tirregaille was born around 1725 in a French noble family in the district of Tiregale in Provence. His professional education was improved in Barcelona under the guidance of engineer Francis Ricode de Tierreagil. In the territory of the Polish– Lithuanian Commonwealth he worked from 1752 to 1762. We distinguish three periods in the activity of the architect: I - Warsaw (1752–1757), II - Lviv (1757–1760) and III - Warsaw (1760–1762). Most orders were received by the architect from several magnate families: Branicki, Potocki, Mniszeck, and others. The first mention of Pierre Rico de Tirregail's stay in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth dates back to 1752, when he received the rank of lieutenant in the infantry regiment of the Grand Crown Hetman Jan Kliment Branicki (1689–1771). In the architect's portfolio were included: the project and management of installation works on the water supply of the garden and menagerie in the city of Bialystok, the project of the palace with a garden in the city of Krystynopol, the palace in the village Pespa, a project of the Palace Chatsky-Felinsky in Lviv, a project for the modernization of the palace for Anthony Bielsky. Probably, the palace garden for the Greek Catholic Metropolitans in Lviv and the palace with a garden in Krakovets are his work as well. Pierre Ricaud de Tirregaille also made a detailed plan of the city of Warsaw on a scale of 1:1000 between 1762–1763. After an eleven-year stay in Poland, Pierre Rico de Tirregail moved to Berlin. In Berlin, he received a position in the military engineering corps and a position as a teacher at the court of King Frederick II of Prussia. In 1772, in Potsdam, he published a numismatic treatise devoted to Rossian medals of the eighteenth century.

The aim of the article is to present numismatic collections from the Museum in Racibórz which have been found at municipal sites during supervision and regular archaeological excavations. This will allow us to observe which coins have come to Racibórz (germ. Ratibor) and (Upper) Silesia over the centuries. The analysed coins will be compared with finds obtained during excavations in other cities in Upper Silesia – Gliwice (germ. Gleiwitz) (the market square and St. George’s Church in Czechowice (germ. Schechowitz)) and Bytom (germ. Beuthen) (St. Margaret’s Hill) – and in the main centre in Lower Silesia, Wrocław (germ. Breslau) (Nowy Targ Square and St. Elizabeth’s Church). The study includes 76 coins acquired in the years 1979–2015 on 12 sites located within the borders of the city of Racibórz. This number includes the hoard of 17 Prague groschen of Wenceslas II, 56 single finds and three coin-like objects. In addition, two metal objects were included in the study which were discovered near the castle in the district of Racibórz – Ostróg. Both objects are difficult to identify, initially defined as a ring eye and a weight (monetary or merchant). The entire collection is dominated by Bohemian coins, including Prague groschen, parvus and white pennies. Silesian coins are the second largest group – three wide bracteates (unfortunately without provenance), a very rare Opava heller of Přemek I (1377–1433) and two groeschels of Ferdinand II (1617–1637). Moreover, two rare pennies of Sigismund III (1587–1632) struck in Poznań mint were found, which usually give way to pennies and ternarius struck in Łobżenica mint, which were not recorded in the collection from Racibórz. Considering all the coins in chronological terms, the dominant coins are late medieval ones – from the second half of the 13th century to the first half of the 15th century. The second concentration of Racibórz finds is from the 18th–20th century. A comparative analysis of coins discovered in Racibórz, Gliwice and Bytom and the hoard of Prague groschen from Błażejowice (germ. Blaschowitz) confirms the hypothesis of Borys Paszkiewicz that it was through Upper Silesia that Bohemian coins reached the territory of present day Poland. As a result, there is a significant number of small Bohemian coins in this area, with a smaller number to be found deeper within Poland.

This article continues a series of papers dedicated to introducing in the scientific discourse materials ob-tained during archaeological investigations of the cultural layer of Tobolsk — the main city of Siberia during the Russian colonization. In the course of investigation of the First and Second Gostiny dig sites, laid at the walls of Gostiny Dvor, there were recorded 24 structures of residential and economic purposes, dated to the period from the 17th to the 19th centuries on the basis of planigraphic and stratigraphic analyses and finds. The residential timber structures were single-storeyed, with saddle notch type corners (“v oblo”) with tails. Beside the houses, there were root cellars. A representative collection of finds is related to the houses: animal bones; breakage of stoneware, chinaware, and glassware; fragments of terracotta, enameled, and polychrome tile, as well as objects made of bone, leather, bark, and wood, mainly dated to the 17th — beginning of the 19th century. The most common mate-rial, amounted to several thousand items, was represented by pottery shards — pots, ewers, jars, and pans, which were used for food cooking, food storage, as well as for other everyday purposes. The porcelain ware is associated with the tea ceremony and is mainly represented by fragments of saucers, and sometimes those of drinking cups, bowls, and teapots. By the provenance, two groups of the porcelain have been identified — Chi-nese and Russian, with characteristic makers marks and patterns. The collection of iron items consists of knives, bridle bits, door hinges, latches, nails, hooks, and fragments of scissors. The leather footwear is represented by one-piece leather-hide shoes, high boots, and shoes with iron heeltaps. Another category of the finds is represented by bone combs, which were ordinarily used not only by women, but also by men. The numismatic collection com-prises 36 Russian coins and a counter pfennig struck in the workshop of Johann Adam Dietzel (master 1746–1768) in Nuremberg. The copper articles are represented by five baptismal cross pendants and by a find unique for the Siberian region — a gilded panhagia of a copper alloy with a sliding finial, several liturgical inscriptions, and images, including those of the Crucifixion, the Holy Trinity of the Old Testament, and the Mother of God of the Sign. In ge-neral, the archaeological materials of the digs show that this quarter of the uptown of Tobolsk was part of the resi-dential and commercial housing of the town, while its residents had a relatively high level of material wellbeing.

Although grateful that Berge, Edelman, Guillaume, and Rossi have engaged my essay, ‘The Question of Provenance and the Economics of Deuteronomy’, their critique, which speaks against my conclusions, fails to account for essential archaeological, ethnographic, and linguistic data illuminating the economic profile of the Book of Deuteronomy. The most significant lacuna is their failure to address the economic realities of the Persian period. That data, and more, is summarized here. The present essay moves past literary and historiographic presuppositions regarding the provenance of Urdeuteronomium in order to engage the economic and numismatic realia that is recoverable from Israel’s world and offer an important avenue forward in deuteronomic researcḥ

Abstract The Mithraic visual language can be read as a hybrid iconography created by the Roman Mithraists to stress the non-Roman provenance of their deity. This note analyses the gesture of Mithras’ slaying the bull and the so-called “Mithraic hold” to reveal the ex-novo nature of the Mithraic visual language and iconography from two vantage points: the first, at the aesthetic level; and the second, from its sources and origin. Additional considerations are also given on the iconographical referent of the Mithraic bull as well as the numismatic symbols traditionally discussed in relation to the Mithraic visual language.

Abstract Charles Philippe de Bosset (1773–1845) was a Swiss soldier and British imperial official who established an extensive archaeological and numismatic collection from the Mediterranean region, particularly the Ionian Islands. His collections are now in the British Museum, the Laténium in Neuchâtel and the Musée d’Art et d’Histoire de Neuchâtel. This article establishes the circumstances of the British Museum’s acquisition in the early nineteenth century of its part of the de Bosset collection of coins, two bas-reliefs and a bronze. It then considers the process of removing duplicate coins from the British Museum collection through sales and exchanges by an examination of the de Bosset acquisition. Finally, it uses de Bosset’s own publication in 1815 of the coins of Cephalonia, Ithaca and Delphi as a case-study to restore archaeological provenance and a catalogue of that part of de Bosset’s collection.