Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / NRAP

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „NRAP”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "NRAP"

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Rangel, Rafael E., M. Judith Percino i Edwin A. Murillo. "Resinas alquídicas altamente ramificadas obtenidas sin compuestos orgánicos volátiles." Respuestas 23, nr 1 (14.04.2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/0122820x.1325.

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Antecedentes: Las resinas alquídicas altamente ramificadas,usualmente han sido obtenidas a partir de poliésteres polioles altamente ramificados (HBP) de segunda, tercera y cuarta generación. Objetivo: En este estudio se evaluó la influencia de la proporción de TOFA en las propiedades estructurales, térmicas, reológicas y de película de unas resinas alquídicas altamente ramificadas (NRA). Metodología: Para obtener las NRA, las respectivas cantidades de un HBP de primera generación (HBP1G), ácidos grasos de tall oil (TOFA) y de ácido p-toluensulfónico (0.1 %), fueron llevadas al reactor. La temperatura fue mantenida a 200°C. El sistema se mantuvo bajo agitación mecánica (200 rpm) y la conversión de la reacción fue evaluada por mediciones de valor ácido (VA). Las relaciones molares de HBP1G: TOFA, fueron las siguientes: 1:3 (NRA1), 1:4 (NRA2), 1:5 (NRA3) y 1:6 (NRA4). Resultados: El VA de las NRA fue inferior al de TOFA, el valor hidroxilo (VOH) fue inferior al del HBP1G. Esto indica que se llevó a cabo la reacción de esterificación entre TOFA y el HBP1G. La conversión de la reacción para obtener las NRA fue superior al 90 %. Por análisis de resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) fue evidenciada la señal de los protones metilenos unidos a grupos OH del HBP1G y disminuyó su intensidad en la NRA1, debido a la reacción entre el HBP1G y TOFA. Las dimensiones hidrodinámicas de las NRA1, NRA2 y NRA3 fueron nanométricas. Las propiedades de película fueron buenas. Conclusión: Las NRA presentaron baja viscosidad. Además, todas exhibieron grupos OH y dobles enlaces, los cuales permite que estos materiales sean empleados para obtener materiales híbridos y como agentes entrecruzantes. Las NRA presentaron buenas propiedades de película.Palabras clave: Ácidos grasos de tall oil, poliéster poliol altamente ramificado, propiedades, resinas alquídicas. AbstractBackground: Hyperbranched alkyd resins have usually been obtained from hyperbranched polyester polyols (HBP) of second, third and fourth generations. Objectives: In this work the influence of the proportion of TOFA on the structural, thermal, and rheological and films properties of hyperbranched alkyd resins (NRA) were evaluated. Methodology: In order to obtain the NRA, the respective amount of HBP of fifth generation (HBP1G), tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) and p-toluenesulphonic acid (0.1wt%), were taken to the reactor. The temperature was kept at 200 °C. The system was kept under mechanical stirring (200 rpm) and the conversion of the reaction was evaluated by measurement of acid value (VA). The molar ratios of HBP:TOFA were as follows; 1:3 (NRA1), 1:4 (NRA2), 1:5 (NRA3) y 1:6 (NRA4). Results: VA of the NRA was lower than that of TOFA, the hydroxyl value (VOH) was minor compared to that of HBP1G. This is an indication that the esterification reaction between TOFA and HBP1G was carried out. The reaction conversion for obtaining the conversion to NRA was higher than 90 %. By nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, the signals of the methylene protons joined to OH groups of the HBP1G were evidenced and decreased in their intensity in the NRA1, due to the reaction between HBP1G and TOFA. The hydrodynamic dimensions of the NRA1, NRA2 and NRA3 were nanometrics. Conclusions: The NRA presented the lowest viscosity. Furthermore all NRA, exhibited OH groups and double bonds, which allow that these materials be employed for obtaining hybrid materials and also as crosslinking agents. The NRA showed good film properties.Keywords: tall oil fatty acids, hyperbranched polyester polyol, properties, alkyd resins. ResumoAntecedentes: (foram obtidas) As resinas alquídicas altamente ramificadas foram usualmente obtidas (construção inglesa) de poliésteres poliol altamente ramificados (HBP) de segunda, terceira e quarta geração. Objetivo: Neste estudo foi avaliada a influência da proporção de TOFA nas propriedades estruturais, térmicas, reológicas e de filmes de resinas alquídicas altamente ramificadas (ARN). Metodologia: Para obter a ARN, as quantidades respectivas de uma primeira gera�o de HBP (HBP1G), �idos gordos de tall oil (TOFA) e �ido p-toluenossulf�ico (0,1%) foram levadas para o reactor. A temperatura foi mantida a 200 ° C. O sistema foi mantido sob agitação mecânica (200 rpm) e a conversão da reação foi avaliada por medidas do valor ácido (VA). As proporções molares de HBP1G: TOFA foram as seguintes: 1: 3 (NRA1), 1: 4 (NRA2), 1: 5 (NRA3) e 1: 6 (NRA4). Resultados: VA ARN TOFA foi menor do que o valor de hidroxilo (OHV) foi menor do que HBP1G.Esto indica que realizada a reaco de esterificao entre o TOFA e HBP1G. A conversão da reação para obter a ARN foi maior que 90%. Por análise de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN), evidenciou-se o sinal dos prótons de metileno ligados aos grupos OH de HBP1Gy e sua intensidade diminuiu em NRA1, devido à reação entre HBP1G e TOFA. As dimensões hidrodinâmicas do NRA1, NRA2 e NRA3 foram nanométricas. As propriedades do filme eram boas. Conclusão: A NRA apresentou baixa viscosidade. Além disso, todos exibiram grupos OH e ligações duplas, o que permite que estes materiais sejam utilizados para obter materiais híbridos e como agentes de reticulação. As NRAs mostraram boas propriedades de filme.Palavras-chave: Ácidos grasos de tall oil, poliéster poliol altamente ramificado, propiedades, resinas alquídicas.
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Bochicchio, Francesco, David Fenton, Heloísa Fonseca, Marta García-Talavera, Pierrick Jaunet, Stephanie Long, Bård Olsen, Jelena Mrdakovic Popic i Wolfgang Ringer. "National Radon Action Plans in Europe and Need of Effectiveness Indicators: An Overview of HERCA Activities". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, nr 7 (30.03.2022): 4114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074114.

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Protection of the population and of workers from exposure to radon is a unique challenge in radiation protection. Many coordinated actions and a variety of expertise are needed. Initially, a National Radon Action Plan (NRAP) has been developed and implemented by some countries, while it is currently recommended by international organizations (e.g., World Health Organization) and required by international regulations, such as the European Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom and the International Basic Safety Standards on Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources, cosponsored by eight international organizations. Within this framework, the Heads of the European Radiological Protection Competent Authorities (HERCA) have organized activities aimed at sharing experiences to contribute toward the development and implementation of effective NRAPs. Two workshops were held in 2014 and 2015, the latter on radon in workplaces. As a follow-up to these, an online event took place in March 2021, and a second specific workshop on NRAP is planned for June 2022. These workshops were attended by experts from the competent authorities of European countries, relevant national and international organizations. The experience of several countries and the outcomes from these workshops have highlighted the need for adequate indicators of the effectiveness and progress of the actions of NRAPs, which could also be useful to implement the principle of optimization and the graded approach in NRAPs. In this paper, the activities of HERCA to support the development and implementation of effective NRAPs are described and some examples of effectiveness indicators are reported, including those already included in the NRAP of some European countries.
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Koskenvuo, Juha W., Inka Saarinen, Saija Ahonen, Johanna Tommiska, Sini Weckström, Eija H. Seppälä, Sari Tuupanen i in. "Biallelic loss-of-function in NRAP is a cause of recessive dilated cardiomyopathy". PLOS ONE 16, nr 2 (3.02.2021): e0245681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245681.

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Background Familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is typically a monogenic disorder with dominant inheritance. Although over 40 genes have been linked to DCM, more than half of the patients undergoing comprehensive genetic testing are left without molecular diagnosis. Recently, biallelic protein-truncating variants (PTVs) in the nebulin-related anchoring protein gene (NRAP) were identified in a few patients with sporadic DCM. Methods and results We determined the frequency of rare NRAP variants in a cohort of DCM patients and control patients to further evaluate role of this gene in cardiomyopathies. A retrospective analysis of our internal variant database consisting of 31,639 individuals who underwent genetic testing (either panel or direct exome sequencing) was performed. The DCM group included 577 patients with either a confirmed or suspected DCM diagnosis. A control cohort of 31,062 individuals, including 25,912 individuals with non-cardiac (control group) and 5,150 with non-DCM cardiac indications (Non-DCM cardiac group). Biallelic (n = 6) or two (n = 5) NRAP variants (two PTVs or PTV+missense) were identified in 11 unrelated probands with DCM (1.9%) but none of the controls. None of the 11 probands had an alternative molecular diagnosis. Family member testing supports co-segregation. Biallelic or potentially biallelic NRAP variants were enriched in DCM vs. controls (OR 1052, p<0.0001). Based on the frequency of NRAP PTVs in the gnomAD reference population, and predicting full penetrance, biallelic NRAP variants could explain 0.25%-2.46% of all DCM cases. Conclusion Loss-of-function in NRAP is a cause for autosomal recessive dilated cardiomyopathy, supporting its inclusion in comprehensive genetic testing.
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Jirka, Caroline, Jasmine H. Pak, Claire A. Grosgogeat, Michael Mario Marchetii i Vandana A. Gupta. "Dysregulation of NRAP degradation by KLHL41 contributes to pathophysiology in nemaline myopathy". Human Molecular Genetics 28, nr 15 (15.04.2019): 2549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddz078.

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Abstract Nemaline myopathy (NM) is the most common form of congenital myopathy that results in hypotonia and muscle weakness. This disease is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, but three recently discovered genes in NM encode for members of the Kelch family of proteins. Kelch proteins act as substrate-specific adaptors for Cullin 3 (CUL3) E3 ubiquitin ligase to regulate protein turnover through the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery. Defects in thin filament formation and/or stability are key molecular processes that underlie the disease pathology in NM; however, the role of Kelch proteins in these processes in normal and diseases conditions remains elusive. Here, we describe a role of NM causing Kelch protein, KLHL41, in premyofibil-myofibil transition during skeletal muscle development through a regulation of the thin filament chaperone, nebulin-related anchoring protein (NRAP). KLHL41 binds to the thin filament chaperone NRAP and promotes ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of NRAP, a process that is critical for the formation of mature myofibrils. KLHL41 deficiency results in abnormal accumulation of NRAP in muscle cells. NRAP overexpression in transgenic zebrafish resulted in a severe myopathic phenotype and absence of mature myofibrils demonstrating a role in disease pathology. Reducing Nrap levels in KLHL41 deficient zebrafish rescues the structural and function defects associated with disease pathology. We conclude that defects in KLHL41-mediated ubiquitination of sarcomeric proteins contribute to structural and functional deficits in skeletal muscle. These findings further our understanding of how the sarcomere assembly is regulated by disease-causing factors in vivo, which will be imperative for developing mechanism-based specific therapeutic interventions.
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Coe, William H., Jason Feinberg, Robert Grunier, Brenda Eskenazi i Heather Volk. "2110 Prenatal near roadway air pollution exposure and early neurodevelopment in young Mexican-American children: Findings from the CHAMACOS prospective birth cohort study". Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (czerwiec 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.300.

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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Previous studies suggest that prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants can have an adverse effect on brain development. We examine the association between prenatal near roadway air pollution (NRAP) exposure and early neurodevelopment. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) Study is a prospective birth cohort that began in 1999 with 605 mother-child pairs of primarily Mexican-American descent. Maternal residence during pregnancy was geocoded using ArcGIS and prenatal NRAP exposure was assigned using the CALINE4 line source dispersion model. We used composite Bayley Scale scores for cognitive and motor development, and created separate linear regression models at 6, 12, and 24 months of age. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: After adjusting for relevant maternal and child characteristics, preliminary estimates suggest that prenatal NRAP exposure is associated with a nonsignificant increase in Bayley Scale scores at 6 and 24 months (cognitive: β=0.13, p-value=0.20 and motor: β=0.08, p-value=0.58 at 6 months; cognitive: β=0.16, p-value=0.42 and motor: β=0.20, p-value=0.25 at 24 months) and a nonsignificant decrease at 12 months (cognitive: β=−0.07, p-value=0.64 and motor: β=−0.12, p-value=0.56). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Our preliminary findings do not suggest that prenatal NRAP exposure is associated with early cognitive development. Additional exploration of co-exposures known to effect neurodevelopment should be examined in this rural population.
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Gall, Kim, Juha Koskenvuo, Inka Saarinen, Johanna Tommiska, Sini Weckstrom, Eija Seppala, Sari Tuupanen i in. "Biallelic NRAP variants are a significant cause of dilated cardiomyopathy". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 132 (kwiecień 2021): S220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1096-7192(21)00425-x.

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Lu, Shajia, Garland L. Crawford, Justin Dore, Stasia A. Anderson, Daryl DesPres i Robert Horowits. "Cardiac-specific NRAP overexpression causes right ventricular dysfunction in mice". Experimental Cell Research 317, nr 8 (maj 2011): 1226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.01.020.

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Maurer, Constance, Olga Boleti, Paria Najarzadeh Torbati, Farzaneh Norouzi, Anna Nicole Rebekah Fowler, Shima Minaee, Khalid Hama Salih i in. "Genetic Insights from Consanguineous Cardiomyopathy Families". Genes 14, nr 1 (10.01.2023): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14010182.

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Inherited cardiomyopathies are a prevalent cause of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Both hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are genetically heterogeneous and typically present with an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. Whole exome sequencing and autozygosity mapping was carried out in eight un-related probands from consanguineous Middle Eastern families presenting with HCM/DCM followed by bioinformatic and co-segregation analysis to predict the potential pathogenicity of candidate variants. We identified homozygous missense variants in TNNI3K, DSP, and RBCK1 linked with a dilated phenotype, in NRAP linked with a mixed phenotype of dilated/hypertrophic, and in KLHL24 linked with a mixed phenotype of dilated/hypertrophic and non-compaction features. Co-segregation analysis in family members confirmed autosomal recessive inheritance presenting in early childhood/early adulthood. Our findings add to the mutational spectrum of recessive cardiomyopathies, supporting inclusion of KLHL24, NRAP and RBCK1 as disease-causing genes. We also provide evidence for novel (recessive) modes of inheritance of a well-established gene TNNI3K and expand our knowledge of the clinical heterogeneity of cardiomyopathies. A greater understanding of the genetic causes of recessive cardiomyopathies has major implications for diagnosis and screening, particularly in underrepresented populations, such as those of the Middle East.
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Lei, Ning, Jerry E. Mellem, Penelope J. Brockie, David M. Madsen i Andres V. Maricq. "NRAP-1 Is a Presynaptically Released NMDA Receptor Auxiliary Protein that Modifies Synaptic Strength". Neuron 96, nr 6 (grudzień 2017): 1303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.019.

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Luo, Gang, Elisabeth Leroy, Christine A. Kozak, Mihael H. Polymeropoulos i Robert Horowits. "Mapping of the Gene (NRAP) Encoding N-RAP in the Mouse and Human Genomes". Genomics 45, nr 1 (październik 1997): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/geno.1997.4917.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "NRAP"

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Inder, Kerry, i n/a. "The Functional Role of NRAP in the Nucleolus". Griffith University. School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070201.133347.

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The nucleolus is the site for rRNA synthesis, a process requiring the recruitment of many proteins involved in ribosomal biogenesis. Nrap is a novel nucleolar protein found to be present in all eukaryotes. Preliminary characterisation of Nrap suggested it was likely to participate in ribosome biogenesis but as with many other nucleolar proteins, the functional role of Nrap is largely unknown. In this study, the role of mammalian Nrap in the nucleolus and in ribosome biogenesis was explored. Initially, a number of tools were generated to investigate Nrap function. This involved raising and purifying a polyclonal antibody against the N-terminal region of Nrap. The anti-Nrap antibody was found to detect two Nrap bands in mouse fibroblast cells, possibly corresponding to the two mouse Nrap isoforms, and . In addition, mammalian expression vectors containing the full Nrap sequence as well as deletion constructs were created. The subcellular localisation of each construct was observed by fluorescent microscopy. It was revealed that recombinant Nrap did not localise to the nucleolus, possibly because it was exported to undergo degradation by the 26S proteasome. Two putative NLSs were found to be responsible for directing Nrap to the nucleus but a region accountable for nucleolar localisation was not identified. The data indicated that multiple domains working together are likely to direct Nrap to the nucleolus. Nrap was also observed to co-localise with nucleolar proteins B23 and p19ARF. Moreover, it was shown by reciprocal immunoprecipitation that these three nucleolar proteins existed in a complex in unsynchronised mouse fibroblast cells. Recent reports demonstrated a complex relationship between B23 and p19ARF although the functional significance remained unclear. Nrap's in vivo association with B23 and p19ARF indicated a specific functional role in the nucleolus. Nrap knockdown using siRNA significantly increased B23 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner and down-regulated p19ARF protein levels at higher siRNA concentration. Preliminary studies also implicated Nrap in cell proliferation through these novel interactions. Both endogenous and recombinant Nrap were found to be highly unstable suggesting that Nrap might regulate B23 and p19ARF through its own tightly regulated stability. Finally, the role of Nrap in rRNA processing was investigated by northern blot analysis. Nrap knockdown was found to affect the levels of 45S, 32S and 28S rRNAs. The changes found may be a consequence of the concurrent perturbation in the levels of B23 and p19ARF caused by Nrap knockdown. As the results were not consistent with previous reports, it was likely that changes to rRNA processing could be contributed to Nrap loss of function. This study demonstrated for the first time a functional role of Nrap in rRNA processing possibly through its association with B23 and p19ARF.
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Inder, Kerry. "The Functional Role of NRAP in the Nucleolus". Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367738.

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The nucleolus is the site for rRNA synthesis, a process requiring the recruitment of many proteins involved in ribosomal biogenesis. Nrap is a novel nucleolar protein found to be present in all eukaryotes. Preliminary characterisation of Nrap suggested it was likely to participate in ribosome biogenesis but as with many other nucleolar proteins, the functional role of Nrap is largely unknown. In this study, the role of mammalian Nrap in the nucleolus and in ribosome biogenesis was explored. Initially, a number of tools were generated to investigate Nrap function. This involved raising and purifying a polyclonal antibody against the N-terminal region of Nrap. The anti-Nrap antibody was found to detect two Nrap bands in mouse fibroblast cells, possibly corresponding to the two mouse Nrap isoforms, and . In addition, mammalian expression vectors containing the full Nrap sequence as well as deletion constructs were created. The subcellular localisation of each construct was observed by fluorescent microscopy. It was revealed that recombinant Nrap did not localise to the nucleolus, possibly because it was exported to undergo degradation by the 26S proteasome. Two putative NLSs were found to be responsible for directing Nrap to the nucleus but a region accountable for nucleolar localisation was not identified. The data indicated that multiple domains working together are likely to direct Nrap to the nucleolus. Nrap was also observed to co-localise with nucleolar proteins B23 and p19ARF. Moreover, it was shown by reciprocal immunoprecipitation that these three nucleolar proteins existed in a complex in unsynchronised mouse fibroblast cells. Recent reports demonstrated a complex relationship between B23 and p19ARF although the functional significance remained unclear. Nrap's in vivo association with B23 and p19ARF indicated a specific functional role in the nucleolus. Nrap knockdown using siRNA significantly increased B23 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner and down-regulated p19ARF protein levels at higher siRNA concentration. Preliminary studies also implicated Nrap in cell proliferation through these novel interactions. Both endogenous and recombinant Nrap were found to be highly unstable suggesting that Nrap might regulate B23 and p19ARF through its own tightly regulated stability. Finally, the role of Nrap in rRNA processing was investigated by northern blot analysis. Nrap knockdown was found to affect the levels of 45S, 32S and 28S rRNAs. The changes found may be a consequence of the concurrent perturbation in the levels of B23 and p19ARF caused by Nrap knockdown. As the results were not consistent with previous reports, it was likely that changes to rRNA processing could be contributed to Nrap loss of function. This study demonstrated for the first time a functional role of Nrap in rRNA processing possibly through its association with B23 and p19ARF.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences
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Utama, B. "Isolation and characterization of Nrap, a novel nucleolar protein /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16281.pdf.

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Mc, Grail Fernández Kimberley Anne. "Targeting NRAS mutant melanomas through metabolic stress". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673108.

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Al melanoma cutani, els gens que presenten una major incidència mutacional són els gens BRAF i NRAS. Alteracions en aquests gens resulten en l'activació constitutiva de la via de RAS-ERK1/2, contribuint activament així en el desenvolupament i la progressió tumoral del melanoma. Tot i que ambdues mutacions donen lloc a alteracions de la mateixa via de senyalització, està àmpliament descrit que els tumors que es generen d’aquestes constitueixen dues entitats diferents tant a nivell molecular com des del punt de vista de la clínica. Una qüestió rellevant al voltant rau en el fet que mentre els melanomes mutats en BRAF disposen de teràpies específiques dirigides contra aquest oncogèn, els melanomes que presenten mutacions en NRAS no tenen tractaments específics. Com a conseqüència, aquests pacients són tractats amb teràpies antitumorals més genèriques, amb taxes de resposta molt menors i a més amb una elevada toxicitat. En aquest context, desemmascar les diferències moleculars existents entre els tumors amb mutacions en BRAF i en NRAS és essencial per a l'establiment de noves estratègies terapèutiques dirigides a pacients que presenten mutacions en NRAS. Resultats obtinguts amb anterioritat al nostre grup de recerca, juntament amb els d'altres investigacions, han confirmat la presència de diferents patrons metabòlics subjectes a la regulació per BRAFV600E. No obstant això, gairebé no existeix evidència al voltant del paper de les mutacions en NRAS a la regulació metabòlica. L'establiment de característiques metabòliques específiques de melanomes amb mutacions en NRAS podria contribuir al desenvolupament de nous enfocaments terapèutics dirigits contra aquest tipus de tumor. Durant el desenvolupament d'aquest estudi hem investigat les implicacions moleculars derivades de la manca de glucosa en cèl·lules de melanoma mutades en NRASQ61 i BRAFV600E, per tal d'establir si la presència de característiques metabòliques depenent de NRAS podria ser explotada per al desenvolupament de noves teràpies contra aquest tipus de tumor. En aquest estudi, hem demostrat la presència de patrons metabòlics sota el control d'NRASQ61. Les cèl·lules que presenten mutacions en NRASQ61 mostren una resposta diferencial a l'estrès metabòlic en comparació amb les cèl·lules mutades en BRAFV600E, donant com a resultat la hiperactivació de la via de RAS-ERK1/2 i a la sensibilització d'aquestes cèl·lules a l'inhibidor multi-cinasa Sorafenib. PFKFB2, PFKFB3 i PFK-1 són elements clau en la regulació d'aquest procés. Amb això, proposem una nova aproximació terapèutica per al tractament dirigit dels melanomes mutats en NRASQ61, establerta per la combinació de 2-deoxi-D-glucosa (2DG) i Sorafenib. Després dels resultats obtinguts, podem concloure que els tumors que presenten mutacions en NRAS i BRAF són entitats diferents a diferents nivells, no només a nivell clínic i molecular, sinó també a nivell metabòlic, el que implica l'existència de noves finestres terapèutiques per al tractament de tumors que presenten mutacions en NRAS.
Los genes BRAF y NRAS presentan una mayor incidencia mutacional en melanoma cutáneo. Alteraciones en estos genes resultan en la activación constitutiva de la vía de RAS-ERK1/2, lo que contribuye activamente al desarrollo y la progresión tumoral del melanoma. Aunque ambas mutaciones dan lugar a alteraciones de la misma vía de señalización, ha sido ampliamente descrito que los tumores que se generan de las mismas, constituyen dos entidades diferentes tanto a nivel molecular como desde el punto de vista clínico. Una cuestión relevante reside en el hecho de que mientras los melanomas mutados en BRAF disponen de terapias específicas dirigidas contra el oncogén, los melanomas que presentan mutaciones en NRAS carecen de tratamientos específicos. Como consecuencia, estos pacientes son tratados con tratamientos antitumorales más genéricos, que desembocan en tasas de respuesta mucho menores y en una elevada toxicidad. En este contexto, el desenmascaramiento de las diferencias moleculares existentes entre los tumores con mutaciones en BRAF y en NRAS es esencial para el establecimiento de nuevas estrategias terapéuticas dirigidas a pacientes que presentan mutaciones en NRAS. Resultados obtenidos previamente en nuestro grupo de investigación, sumados a los de otras investigaciones, han confirmado la presencia de diferentes patrones metabólicos sujetos a la regulación por BRAFV600E. Sin embargo, apenas existe evidencia sobre el papel de las mutaciones en NRAS en la regulación metabólica. El establecimiento de características metabólicas específicas de melanomas con mutaciones en NRAS podría contribuir al desarrollo de nuevos enfoques terapéuticos dirigidos contra este tipo de tumor. Durante el desarrollo de este estudio hemos investigado las implicaciones moleculares derivadas de la falta de glucosa en células de melanoma mutadas en NRASQ61 y BRAFV600E, con el fin de establecer si la presencia de características metabólicas dependientes de NRAS podría ser explotada para el desarrollo de nuevas terapias contra este tipo de tumor. En este estudio, hemos demostrado la presencia de patrones metabólicos bajo el control de NRASQ61. Las células que presentan mutaciones en NRASQ61 muestran una respuesta diferencial al estrés metabólico, en comparación con las células mutadas en BRAFV600E, que desemboca en la hiperactivación de la vía de RAS-ERK1/2 y en la sensibilización de estas células al inhibidor multi-quinasa Sorafenib. PFKFB2, PFKFB3 y PFK-1 son elementos clave en la regulación de este proceso. Adicionalmente, proponemos una nueva aproximación terapéutica para el tratamiento dirigido de los melanomas mutados en NRASQ61, basada en la combinación de 2-deoxi-D-glucosa (2DG) y Sorafenib. Tras los resultados obtenidos, podemos concluir que los tumores que presentan mutaciones en NRAS y BRAF son entidades diferentes a distintos niveles, no solo a nivel clínico y molecular, sino también a nivel metabólico, lo que implica la existencia de nuevas ventanas terapéuticas para el tratamiento de tumores que presentan mutaciones en NRAS.
BRAF and NRAS are the most commonly found mutated genes in cutaneous melanoma. Alterations in these genes result in the constitutive activation of the RAS-ERK1/2 pathway, contributing to tumor development and progression. Beside both genes are consecutive located in the same signaling cascade, BRAF and NRAS mutated tumors are considered two different entities at clinical and molecular levels, resulting in distinct signaling patterns and different biological behavior. Furthermore, while there is a first line of treatment using targeted therapy against BRAF mutant melanomas, NRAS mutant tumors remain without specific line of treatment, showing low response rates and high toxicity to the currently applied therapies. Thus, the understanding of the molecular differences between BRAF and NRAS mutant tumors is essential to improve therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of patients carrying NRAS mutations. Previous results in our group, together with additional investigations, have highlighted the presence of different metabolic settings subjected to BRAFV600E oncogene regulation. However, little is known about the role of NRAS mutations in metabolic rewiring. Deciphering metabolic settings in NRAS mutant melanomas could provide new avenues for the establishment of specific therapeutic approaches against these, until now, untargetable tumors. In this study, we have investigated the molecular implications of glucose starvation in NRASQ61 and BRAFV600E mutant cells in order to establish whether the presence of NRAS-dependent metabolic settings can be exploited for the development of targeted therapies against NRAS mutant melanomas. Overall, in this study we have demonstrated the presence of NRASQ61 oncogene-dependent metabolic settings. NRASQ61 mutant cells show a differential response to metabolic stress when compared to BRAFV600E mutant cells, which results in the hyperactivation of the RAS-ERK1/2 pathway and the sensitization to the multikinase inhibitor Sorafenib. PFKFB2, PFKFB3 and PFK-1 are key players in the regulation of this process. We also propose a novel approach for the specific targeting of NRASQ61 mutant melanomas based on the combination of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) and Sorafenib. We conclude that NRAS and BRAF mutant tumors are different entities at different levels, not only at molecular and clinical levels but also at metabolic level and this fact provides a new therapeutic window for the targeting of NRAS mutant tumors.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Bioquímica, Biologia Molecular i Biomedicina
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Mosigi, Wilson. "Role and procedures of natural resources accounting (NRA) : an NRA framework for Botswana". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5737.

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Bibliography: leaves 53-56.
This paper aims to show the role that NRA can play in environmental and economic accounting, and the procedures that need to be followed when carrying out natural resources accounting. The paper first reviews the SNA and its shortcomings regarding the treatment of the environment and natural capital. This is done by looking at the SNA classification of assets and examining how far environmental attributes are accounted for. Then the paper proposes the use of NRA to correct the deficiencies of the SNA Satellite accounts are suggested for resource based sectors in the Botswana economy, in order to augment national accounts. It is stressed that economic growth is only correctly reflected if the accounting prices used reflect full opportunity costs i.e. correct for externalities.
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Filho, João Bosco de Oliveira. "Mutação em NRAS causa uma síndrome autoimune linfoproliferativa humana". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5144/tde-04112008-174252/.

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A subfamília p21 RAS de pequenas GTPases, incluindo KRAS, HRAS e NRAS, participa de muitas redes de sinalização, incluindo proliferação celular, organização do citoesqueleto e apoptose, e é o alvo mais freqüente de mutações ativadoras em câncer. Mutações germinativas em KRAS e HRAS causam graves anormalidades desenvolvimentais levando às síndromes de Noonan, cárdio-facial-cutânea e Costello, porem mutações ativadoras germinativas em NRAS não foram descritas até hoje. A síndrome autoimune linfoproliferativa (ALPS) é o mais comum defeito genético de apoptose linfocitária, cursando com autoimunidade e acúmulo excessivo de linfócitos, particularmente do tipo T + CD4- CD8-. As mutações causadoras de ALPS descritas até hoje afetam a apoptose mediada por Fas, uma das vias extrínsecas de apoptose. Nós demonstramos aqui que os principais achados clínicos de ALPS, bem como uma predisposição para tumores hematológicos, podem ser causados por uma mutação heterozigota ativadora G13D no oncogene NRAS, sem causar prejuízo na apoptose mediada por Fas. O aumento na quantidade intracelular de NRAS ativo, ligado a GTP, induziu a um aumento da sinalização na via RAF/MEK/ERK, o que suprimiu a expressão da proteína pró-apoptótica BIM, e atenuou a apoptose intrínseca mitocondrial. Desta forma, uma mutação germinativa ativadora em NRAS causou um fenótipo clinico diferente do visto em pacientes com mutações em outros membros da família p21 RAS, cursando com um defeito imunológico seletivo, sem distúrbios generalizados do desenvolvimento
The p21 RAS subfamily of small GTPases, including KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS, regulates cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization and other signaling networks, and is the most frequent target of activating mutations in cancer. Activating germline mutations of KRAS and HRAS cause severe developmental abnormalities leading to Noonan, cardio-facial-cutaneous and Costello syndrome, but activating germline mutations of NRAS have not been reported. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is the most common genetic disease of lymphocyte apoptosis and causes autoimmunity as well as excessive lymphocyte accumulation, particularly of CD4-, CD8- ab T cells. Mutations in ALPS typically affect Fas-mediated apoptosis, but certain ALPS individuals have no such mutations. We show here that the salient features of ALPS as well as a predisposition to hematological malignancies can be caused by a heterozygous germline Gly13Asp activating mutation of the NRAS oncogene that does not impair Fas-mediated apoptosis. The increase in active, GTP-bound NRAS augmented RAF/MEK/ERK signaling which markedly decreased the pro-apoptotic protein BIM and attenuated intrinsic, nonreceptor-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. Thus, germline activating mutations in NRAS differ from other p21 Ras oncoproteins by causing selective immune abnormalities without general developmental defects
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Burge, Erin Jeffrey. "A Mycobacterium-inducible Nramp in striped bass Morone saxatilis". W&M ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616588.

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In mammals, the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene, Nramp1, plays a major role in resistance to mycobacterial infections. Chesapeake Bay (USA) striped bass, Morone saxatilis, are currently experiencing an epizootic of mycobacteriosis that threatens the health of this ecologically and economically important species. This dissertation characterizes an Nramp gene in this species (MsNramp ) and provide evidence for induction following Mycobacterium exposure. The striped bass MsNramp gene and 554 amino acid sequence contain all the signal features of the Nramp family, including a topology of 12 transmembrane domains (TM), the transport protein specific 'binding-protein-dependent transport system inner membrane component signature,' three N-linked glycosylation sites between TM 7 and TM 8, sites of casein kinase and protein kinase-C phosphorylation in the amino- and carboxy termini and a tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site between TM 6 and TM 7. Phylogenetic analysis most closely groups MsNramp with other teleost Nramps, and exhibits high sequence similarity with mammalian Nramp2. MsNramp expression was present in all tissues assayed by RT-PCR. Within one day of injection with Mycobacterium marinum, MsNramp expression in vivo was highly induced (17-fold) in peritoneal exudate cells (PE) relative to controls. Levels of MsNramp were increased three- and six-fold on days three and 15, respectively. Injection with Mycobacterium shottsii resulted in two-, five-, and three-fold increases in gene expression in PE over the time course. In vitro, PE expressed significantly higher levels of MsNramp at 4 and 24 hours post-treatment with live and heat-killed M. marinum. MsNramp response to LPS was dose-dependent in these cells, with maximum expression at 4 hr and 20 mug/ml LPS. Treatment of PE with LPS caused an increase in intracellular superoxide anion (O2-) levels, whereas treatment with live M. marinum caused a significant depression. Cultured anterior kidney cells responded to LPS with increased O2 - and MsNramp production, but were uninduced or suppressed relative to controls by mycobacteria. This study represents the first report of induction of an Nramp gene by mycobacteria in vivo or in vitro in a poikilothermic vertebrate, and supports reports of teleost Nramp induction by LPS.
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Le, Thi Van Anh. "Characterization of poplar metal transporters to improve rehabilitation of metal polluted soils". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112004/document.

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La phytoremediation consiste à utiliser les plantes pour nettoyer des sols contaminés. Jusqu’ici, des plantes naturellement capables de tolérer et d’accumuler les polluants ont été utilisées pour cette approche. Cependant, l’utilisation de plantes transgéniques doit être considérée pour optimiser l’efficacité de la phytoremédiation. Le peuplier est une espèce adaptée pour la phytoremédiation et peut être utilisé pour des approches transgéniques. Néanmoins, son efficacité de phytoextraction est limitée par une forte accumulation de métaux dans les feuilles qui retournent au sol lors de leur chute. L’ingénierie génétique pourrait être utilisée pour résoudre ce problème, en modifiant l’expression de transporteurs de métaux soit pour limiter l’accumulation de métaux dans les feuilles, soit pour stimuler leur accumulation dans le bois.Dans le cadre de cette thèse, trois transporteurs potentiellement impliqués dans la tolérance et l’accumulation de métaux ont été caractérisés : PtIREG1, PtNRAMP3.1 et PtNRAMP3.2. L’expression de PtIREG1 chez la levure et chez Arabidopsis thaliana a montré que ce transporteur contribue à la tolérance au nickel. Des peupliers transgéniques chez lesquels l’expression de PtIREG1 est globalement augmentée ou ciblée dans le bois ont été générés. Des peupliers transgéniques chez lesquels l’expression de PtNRAMP3.1 ou PtNRAMP3.2 est modifiée ont également été générés au cours de cette thèse. Cela a permis de montrer que ces protéines fortement homologues ont des localisations subcellulaires distinctes : la membrane vacuolaire pour PtNRAMP3.2 et un compartiment connecté à l’appareil de Golgi pour PtNRAMP3.1. Des mesures de concentrations en métaux dans les feuilles des peupliers transgéniques ptNRAMP3.1 et PtNRAMP3.2 ont montré des différences avec le type sauvage non transformé, pour le cuivre, le manganèse, le cadmium et le zinc. Les résultats obtenus contribueront à l’élaboration de stratégies biotechnologiques pour réhabiliter les sols pollués
Phytoremediation is the use of plants to clean up polluted soils. Previous approaches have mostly used native plants able to tolerate, degrade and accumulate environmental pollutants such as toxic metals, but transgenic plants may also be considered for phytoremediation in the future. Poplar is well adapted for phytoremediation and suitable for molecular genetic studies. However, high metal accumulation in poplar leaves limits phytoextraction due to toxic metal return to the soil after leaf abscission. In order to circumvent this problem, genetic engineering can be used to limit metal accumulation in leaves or direct metal accumulation in poplar trunks using relevant metal transporter genes under the control of tissue-specific promoters. This thesis focuses on the characterization of 3 candidate metal transporters potentially involved in metal tolerance and accumulation in poplar: PtIREG1, PtNRAMP3.1 and PtNRAMP3.2. Expression of PtIREG1 in yeast and in Arabidopsis thaliana indicated that it contributes to nickel tolerance. Transgenic poplars were generated in which PtIREG1is either ectopically overexpressed or expressed specifically in wood tissues. PtNRAMP3.1 and PtNRAMP3.2 transgenic plants were also generated during this thesis. Despite their high similarity, PtNRAMP3.1 and PtNRAMP3.2 displayed distinct localizations in poplar: PtNRAMP3.2 is targeted to the vacuolar membrane whereas PtNRAMP3.1 localizes in a compartment connected with the Golgi apparatus. Metal concentrations were modified in leaves of transgenic plants grown on metal-contaminated or non-contaminated soil. The results obtained will contribute to develop a biotechnological approach using transgenic plants for the rehabilitation in metal polluted soils
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Najem, Ahmad. "Drug combination strategies to abrogate resistance in NRAS mutant melanoma". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/258096.

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Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and one of the most difficult cancers to treat. Gene alterations identified in melanoma pointed to distinct molecular subsets of tumors with direct implications in therapeutic strategies. Activating mutations in NRAS, found in 20-30% of melanomas have been associated with aggressive clinical behavior and a poor prognosis. Nevertheless, there is lack of effective targeted therapies for NRAS mutant melanoma.Out of the few MEK inhibitors, pimasertib, a potent inhibitor of both MEK1 and MEK2 has showed promising results in NRAS mutant advanced melanoma. However, as a single agent and similar to other MEK inhibitors, it showed a limited clinical benefit due to its rather cytostatic effect and high toxicity. Our and other preliminary studies clearly indicated a stimulation of MITF (Microphthalmia associated transcription factor), the master transcription factor regulating cell growth and differentiation in the melanocyte, under MEK inhibition challenge. Thus, in a context where the tumor suppressor p53 is largely inactivated in melanoma, the stimulation of MITF may be the cause of the restraint cytotoxic effects of MEK inhibitors. Therefore, we aimed to further investigate the downstream MITF targets that can explain the resistance to the drugs.First, we showed that, MEK inhibition (by Pimasertib) led to a significant inhibition of cell proliferation but with a very limited effect on apoptosis that may be explained by the systematic MITF upregulation in all lines tested. Indeed, Mimicking MITF activation of expression by stimulating cAMP conferred resistance to MEK inhibition and interestingly up-regulated Bcl-2 expression. Further evidence was provided by the fact that, acquired resistance to MEK inhibition is associated with substantial upregulation of the anti-apoptotic signaling MITF/Bcl-2. More importantly, selective Bcl-2 inhibition by ABT-199 or Bcl-2 knock out using CRISPER/Cas9 system restores the sensitivity of NRAS mutant melanoma cells to MEK inhibition and breaks the acquired resistance.Given the known p53 regulating effect on Bcl-2, we evaluated p53 reactivation by PRIMA-1Met (APR-246) under MEK inhibition on the promotion of apoptosis in a panel of Q61NRAS mutant melanoma cells. Strikingly and similarly, this combination not only resulted in a synergistic effect to induce massive apoptosis but also broke resistance to MEK inhibitors both in cells with wild type or mutant p53 alike.In conclusion, we showed that the activation of cAMP/MITF/Bcl-2 pathway is a main anti-apoptotic mechanism associated with resistance to MEK inhibition in NRAS mutant melanoma. We propose drug combinations cotargeting MEK and other proteins regulating apoptosis -p53/Bcl-2- as a promising and clinically relevant therapeutic strategy to not only act in synergy to cause massive apoptosis but also to overcome resistance to MEK inhibitors in NRAS mutant melanoma
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques (Pharmacie)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Longvert, Christine. "Rôle de NRAS et PTEN au cours de la mélanomagenèse". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00787304.

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La mélanomagenèse est un processus complexe sous-tendu par des mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires variés. L'ensemble de ces mécanismes moléculaires est impliqué dans les réseaux moléculaires permettant une signalisation coordonnée au sein de la cellule. De nombreuses publications montrent que les voies de signalisation MAPK et PI3K/AKT ont un rôle important dans la mélanomagenèse. NRAS et BRAF sont des oncogènes de la voie MAPK mutés respectivement dans 20% et 50% des mélanomes. PTEN est un gène suppresseur de tumeur inhibant la voie PI3K/AKT, dont la perte est souvent associée aux mutations de BRAF. Le traitement récent des mélanomes métastatiques avec les inhibiteurs spécifiques de BRAFV600E donne des résultats exceptionnels, mais ces résultats sont limités aux patients dont le mélanome est porteur de la mutation BRAFV600E, et il existe naturellement des échappements thérapeutiques, parfois lié à l'apparition de mutations NRAS. Nous avons choisi d'étudier le rôle de NRAS et de PTEN, qui sont des protéines majeures des voies MAPK et PI3K. Le but de ce travail est d'évaluer la coopération de NRAS et PTEN au cours de la mélanomagenèse. L'expression de PTEN est fréquemment altérée au cours du mélanome, mais le rôle de PTEN est mal connu. Au cours de ce travail, nous décrivons pour la première fois une mutation de NRAS concomitante à une perte de PTEN dans des prélèvements humains de mélanome et dans des lignées cellulaires humaines. Afin de comprendre l'effet de cette double mutation sur la mélanomagenèse, nous avons étudié des souris transgéniques avec expression d'une forme oncogénique de NRAS et/ou inactivation de PTEN dans le lignage mélanocytaire. L'inactivation isolée de PTEN n'a aucun effet sur la mélanomagénèse. En revanche, en association avec la mutation oncogénique de NRAS, la perte de PTEN accélère le développement des mélanomes, en réduisant le temps de latence et en provoquant l'apparition de métastases plus nombreuses en comparaison aux mélanomes présentant uniquement la mutation oncogénique de NRAS. Nous avons également démontré que la perte de PTEN induit un échappement au phénomène de sénescence. En conclusion, l'inactivation de PTEN coopère avec les mutations de NRAS pour l'initiation et la progression des mélanomes.
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Książki na temat "NRAP"

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Pŭrvanov, Trai͡an. Nrav: Stikhotvorenii͡a. Sofii͡a: Izd-vo Nar. mladezh, 1990.

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Zhirmunskai͡a, Tamara. Nrav: Stikhi. Moskva: Sov. pisatelʹ, 1988.

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Bao, Ngọc. Nrau ăn toàn thư. [Tp. Hso Chí Minh?]: NXB Phụ nzu, 1999.

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Nran im miakin: Banasteghtsutʻyunner. Erevan: HGM hratarakchʻutʻyun, 2009.

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Authority, National Rivers. NRA navigation strategy. Bristol: National Rivers Authority, 1993.

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Authority, National Rivers. NRA recreation strategy. Bristol: National Rivers Authority, 1993.

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Authority, National Rivers. NRA fisheries strategy. Bristol: National Rivers Authority, 1993.

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Karapetyan, Bakur. Ev nra shurj. Erevan: "Arevik", 1990.

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Nguynen, Thị Phụng. Nghue thuuat nrau ăn chay. [United States?: s.n., 2000.

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Nguynen, Thị Phụng. Nghue thuuat nrau ăn chay. [Vietnam]: NXB Trke, 1995.

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Części książek na temat "NRAP"

1

Furlan, Daniela, i Nora Sahnane. "NRAS". W Encyclopedia of Pathology, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_5155-1.

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Furlan, Daniela, i Nora Sahnane. "NRAS". W Endocrine Pathology, 571–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62345-6_5155.

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Barbieri, Giovanni, Floriana Cerniglia, Giuseppe Francesco Gori i Patrizia Lattarulo. "4. NRRP—Italy’s Strategic Reform and Investment Programme". W Greening Europe, 55–70. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0328.04.

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In Chapter 4, G. Barbieri, F. Cerniglia, G. F. Gori, and P. Lattarulo provide a general overview of the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) with a focus on the investment needs to ensure an ecological transition. The NRRP contains six missions, of which Mission 2 is specifically dedicated to the ecological transition (approximately 59.5 billion euros); however further resources for the transition are also available in other Missions under climate objectives. In total, the available resources are around 71.7 billion euros. This means that out of the total funding allocated to the NRRP (191 billion euros), 37.5% is dedicated to green investment, which is slightly above the minimum threshold set by the EU. In absolute terms, because of the size of the Italian NRRP, this is by far the most significant investment out of all the EU countries. The NRRP is a huge gamble for the future of Italy due to the sheer number of resources involved, the deep structural lags that must be overcome, and the major political consensus needed on the overall objectives and/or missions.
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Goss, W. M., Claire Hooker i Ronald D. Ekers. "Visions for NRAO, 1962". W Historical & Cultural Astronomy, 679–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07916-0_39.

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Holmstrom, Amy. "National Resident Matching Program (NRMP)". W The American Health Care System, 21–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67594-7_5.

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Blume, Gary, i Thomas Fr Hegger. "Natürliche Entrauchung mit NRA". W Bauphysik Kalender 2016, 399–425. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783433606292.ch17.

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Benka, Oswald. "Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA)". W Surface and Thin Film Analysis, 229–36. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527636921.ch14.

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Wright, Alan E., Niven J. Tasker, Ann Savage i Alan E. Vaughan. "The Parkes-MIT-NRAO Radio Surveys". W Extragalactic Radio Sources, 507–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0295-4_183.

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Dombrowski, Saskia. "Nationaler Rückstandskontrollplan (NRKP) und Einfuhrrückstandskontrollplan (ERKP)". W Berichte zur Lebensmittelsicherheit 2009, 34–84. Basel: Springer Basel, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0128-7_2.

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Dombrowski, Saskia. "Nationaler Rückstandskontrollplan (NRKP) und Einfuhrüberwachungsplan (EÜP)". W Berichte zur Lebensmittelsicherheit 2010, 32–79. Basel: Springer Basel, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0434-9_2.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "NRAP"

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Burke, S., D. Iddings, J. Anderson i B. Buck. "A Non-Resonant Acoustic Projector(NRAP) for low frequency studies". W OCEANS '85 - Ocean Engineering and the Environment. IEEE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.1985.1160308.

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Skopec, Stuart, Sanjay Mawalkar, Veronika Vasylkivska, Priya Ravi Ganesh, Autumn Haagsma i Mark Kelley. "Risk assessment of carbon storage at potential Midwest Regional Carbon Initiative (MRCI) sites using NRAP Open-IAM component models". W Second International Meeting for Applied Geoscience & Energy. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/image2022-3749378.1.

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Liu, Hongtao, Fangzhao Wu, Wenjun Wang, Xianchen Wang, Pengfei Jiao, Chuhan Wu i Xing Xie. "NRPA". W SIGIR '19: The 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3331184.3331371.

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Gilmer, D. C., T. Rueckes, L. Cleveland i D. Viviani. "NRAM status and prospects". W 2017 IEEE International Conference on IC Design and Technology (ICICDT). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicdt.2017.7993504.

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Crossley, Jared H., Loránt O. Sjouwerman, Edward B. Fomalont i Nicole M. Radziwill. "NRAO VLA archive survey". W SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, redaktorzy Roger J. Brissenden i David R. Silva. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.787890.

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Bortoluzzi, Daniele, Francesco Biral, Enrico Bertolazzi, Paolo Bosetti i Fabrizio Zendri. "Influence of Vehicle Model Complexity in Autonomous Emergency Manoeuvre Planning". W ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68659.

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In this paper the effectiveness of an optimal reference manoeuvre is analysed w.r.t. the complexity of the vehicle model used within the optimal control algorithm. The optimal reference manoeuvre is computed by means of a Nonlinear Receding Horizon planning (NRHP) strategy which is based on a simplified vehicle model. The reference manoeuvre is tracked by a controller implemented on a low level faster loop. The system is able to perform autonomously lane change and obstacle avoidance manoeuvres by tracking the computed reference one. The quality of the performed manoeuvres depends on the reference manoeuvre and consequently on the vehicle model used by the NRHP. For manoeuvres with low or mild lateral accelerations reduced order models might yield realistic and reliable reference manoeuvres. However, critical conditions (e.g. evasive manoeuvre) require a manoeuvre planner able to catch highly non-linear vehicle dynamics that characterizes such situations. On the other hand, being the NRHP computational cost generally high and related to the number of equations of the mathematical model, a trade-off between computational efficiency and model complexity is required. The work analyses the reference manoeuvres produced by two vehicle models of increasing complexity used as reference within the NRHP. Optimal planner performance evaluation on evasive manoeuvre in critical conditions will be presented with simulations results.
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Astsatryan, H., W. Narsisian, A. Mirzoyan i V. Sahakyan. "RESEARCH CLOUD COMPUTING ECOSYSTEM IN ARMENIA". W 9th International Conference "Distributed Computing and Grid Technologies in Science and Education". Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54546/mlit.2021.72.93.001.

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Growing needs for computational resources, data storage within higher-educational institutions and the requirement for a lot of investment and financial resources the idea or the concept of “National Research Cloud Platform (NRCP)” is crucial to provide necessary IT support for educational, research and development activities, which allow access to advanced IT infrastructure, data centers, and applications and protect sensitive information. In this article we will illustrate the concept of NRCP, background, deployment stages and architecture and finally some use cases.
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Ruszczyk, Chester. "MIT Haystack / NRAO 4Gbps Status". W The 8th International e-VLBI Workshop. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.082.0091.

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Lamb, James W., John M. Payne i Nancyjane Bailey. "New Millimetrewave Receivers at NRAO". W 22nd European Microwave Conference, 1992. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/euma.1992.335831.

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Joshi, Nilesh S., i Jami J. Shah. "On the Viability of Developing CAD Data Exchange Standard for Form Features". W ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85606.

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Form feature data exchange is divided into three types: CAD-to-CAD, CAD-to-Downstream applications and inter-downstream applications. Essential characteristics for CAD-to-CAD and CAD-to-Downstream types of feature data transfer are established flowed by a set of criteria for evaluation of a form feature exchange schema. Contemporary neutral feature data exchange schemas like AP 224, AP 203 and NRep are evaluated. It is concluded that none of them is fully equipped to do the job. AP 203 belongs to the CAD-to-CAD feature data exchange class. It exchanges only the final part geometry and the feature model is lost. AP 224 and NRep belong to the CAD-to-Downstream class. AP 224 attempts to enlist all features that can be manufactured using milling and turning processes. It limits the user to finite set of features. On the other hand, NRep permits the user to define his own features and does not provide a standard set. For a complete feature data transfer between two CAD applications, one needs to model the design intent of each design feature and transfer it with construction history of creation of the part model while for an efficient feature data transfer between CAD and downstream applications, the schema needs to standardize a set of most common features but also provide means for the user to define customized features with desired parameterization and attributes.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "NRAP"

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Bromhal, Grant, i George Guthrie. ORD FWP NRAP FY13 Annual Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), kwiecień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1128557.

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Bacon, Diana. NRAP-Open-IAM: FutureGen2 Component Models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1825928.

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Huerta, Nicolas, Diana Bacon, Carl Carman i Christopher Brown. NRAP Toolkit Screening for CarbonSAFE Illinois – Macon County. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1797952.

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Bacon, Diana, Lehua Pan i Curtis Oldenburg. NRAP-Open-IAM: Open Wellbore Component (V.2.0). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1825929.

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Baek, Seunghwan, Diana Bacon i Nicolas Huerta. NRAP-Open-IAM Multisegmented Wellbore Reduced-Order Model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1840652.

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Bacon, Diana. NRAP-Open-IAM: Generic Aquifer Component Development and Testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1845855.

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Baek, Seunghwan, Diana Bacon i Nicolas Huerta. NRAP-Open-IAM Analytical Reservoir Model - Development and Testing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), czerwiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1855765.

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Thomas, R., Brandon Schwartz, Curtis Oldenburg, Diana Bacon, Erika Gasperikova, Greg Lackey, Delphine Appriou i in. NRAP Recommended Practices for Containment Assurance and Leakage Risk Quantification. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1906399.

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Cantrell, Kirk J., Hongbo Shao, C. J. Thompson, Lirong Zhong, Hun Bok Jung i Wooyong Um. FY12 ARRA-NRAP Report ? Studies to Support Risk Assessment of Geologic Carbon Sequestration. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1057367.

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Pawar, Rajesh J. Quarterly Report for LANL Activities: FY12-Q3 National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP): Industrial Carbon Capture Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053533.

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