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Aplin, Thomas Michael. "Ambivalence and the national imaginary : nation and canon formation in the emergence of the Saudi novel". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21006.
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Recent years have seen a surge of scholarship that foregrounds the relationship between the novel and the nation. The postcolonial condition of much of the Arab world has made the Arabic novel a compelling case. For historical reasons the focus has tended to be on the literary production of North Africa, the Levant and, to a lesser extent, Iraq. This thesis aims to redress the balance while interrogating certain assumptions about this relationship. Its main contention is that the early Saudi novel, as a unique case study, complicates traditional categorisations of the novel in Arabic, either in terms of a set of discrete, national traditions or as a monolithic, regional tradition, i.e. ‘the Arabic novel’. I argue that the ‘Saudi’ novel and its canonisation reflect, and were shaped by, the inherent ambivalence of the nation space and Arab discourses of national identity. This ambivalence gives rise to a third or liminal space of literary production. The thesis revolves around two axes. Firstly, it traces the emergence of the novel in Hijaz, from the 1930s through to the late 1950s. Although the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932, for a long time Hijaz retained a sense of its own distinct identity, countering the dominant Najdi-Wahhabi narrative. The close reading of selected texts explores how they express both a strong sense of Hijazi identity and a deep ambivalence towards ‘the Saudi nation’. The salience of ‘the woman question’ in Arab nationalist discourses makes gender a key consideration. The territorialising impulse present in much men’s fiction is shown to be absent from the Saudi women’s novel that emerged between the late 1950s and mid-1970s. Aside from exemplifying the genderedness of nation, this contributes to an explanation of the marginalisation of Saudi women’s novels from the canon. Secondly, the issue of novel and nation is linked to the critical discourse on the Saudi novel and its canonisation. Through an analysis of the literary articles that appeared in the pages of Hijaz’s early press, I trace the origins of a nationalist, ideological concept of the novel and its function that privileges the canonical realist novel for its mimetic representation of the writer’s national social reality. The result of this is that histories of the Saudi novel often present a teleology that is unable to adequately explain its construction or account for its liminality. The thesis offers a more nuanced understanding of the dynamic relationship between the novel and identity, as well as the novel’s construction in the Arabic context.
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Saadi, Tania al. "Aspects et fonctions des débuts dans des romans arabes du 20ème siècle". Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030006.
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Cette étude consiste en une analyse détaillée des débuts d’un corpus de romans arabes du vingtième siècle, constitué en fonction de leur diversité technique et thématique. Nous avons tenté de répondre aux interrogations suivantes : Qu’est-ce qu’un début de roman ? Quelles sont, sur le plan énonciatif, les “priorités” dans le début ? Comment le début fonctionne-t-il par rapport à l’ensemble du récit ? Les composantes principales de l’histoire y sont-elles annoncées et si oui, comment ? Enfin, existe-t-il des aspects spécifiques aux débuts des romans arabes liés à la culture dont ils sont issus ? Nous avons, par ailleurs, adopté une approche à la fois discursive et narrative et pris en compte les aspects suivants : les trois codes figuratifs (espace, temps, personnage) ; le rapport du début avec l’ensemble de la structure narrative du récit ; l’éventuel lien entre le début et la fin de celui-ci, enfin, la manière dont le début annonce les idéologies sous-jacentes. Cette démarche nous a, parallèlement, permis de dégager les convergences et les divergences entre les récits étudiés et d’y repérer une certaine évolution chronologiqueThe present study consists of a detalied analysis of the beginning of novels in a corpus of 20th century Arabic authors. These were selected with regard to their technical and thematic diversity. The study aims to answer to the following questions : What is the beginning of a novel ? What are, in terms of enunciation, the “priorities” in the beginning ? How does the beginnig proceed as a part of the whole narrative structure ? Are the main parts of the story announced in the beginning ? And if so how ? and finally: Are there any specific aspects in the beginnings of Arabic novels that are related to the culture from which they come ? Our approach is both from a discursive and a narrative angle where the follwoing has been taken into consideration : The three elements (Space, Time and Character); The relation between the beginning and the narrative of the rest of the novel; The possible relation between the beginning and the end of the novel; and, The way in which the beginning announces the underlying ideologies of the novel. This approach allowed us to deduce at the same time some common points and some divergences in the studied novels as well as detect a certain chronological evolution
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Al-Malik, Ahmed Mukhtar Tweirsh. "The image of the other : representations of East-West encounters in Anglo-American and Arabic novels (1991-2001)". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/17839.
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The Second Gulf War (1990-1991) brought about huge transformations in the relationships between the Western and Arab world. The invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 and deployment of American-led Western troops in Saudi Arabia brought the Arab world to the top of the Western agenda. The presence of mostly non-Muslim Western troops in Saudi Arabia, which is home to the holy sites of Islamic people, triggered mixed reactions among Arab people and polarised their relationships with the West. These developments left a huge impact on literature and the shaping of the imagery of the Other in fiction. This thesis began as an attempt to study the impact of the Second Gulf War on the depiction the Image of the Other. The research rests on conducting an analysis of how the West-Arab encounters are being perceived in Anglo-American and Arabic fiction (1991-2001). The study considers six fictional works from the Anglo-American world: Friends, Lovers, Enemies (1991) by Barbara Victor, Innocent Blood (1997) by Christopher Dickey, I Know Many Songs But I Cannot Sing (1996) by Brian Kiteley, Hideous Kinky (1992) by Esther Freud, Virgins of Paradise (1993) by Barbara Wood, and Falling for the Sheikh by Carole Grace (2001). The study also focuses on six works from the Arab world: Bahãa Ţãhir’s (Ңubb fi-l-manfã) Love in Exile (1995), Ibrãhīm Ãḥmad’s (Ţufl al-CNN) The CNN Child (1996), Yūsuf al-‘Īlah’s (Ghazal al-dhãkirah) The Memory Spinning (2000), Ãḥmad Ibrãhîm Al-Faqīh’s (al-Thulãthiya) Gardens of the Night (1995), and Ңanãn al-Shaykh’s (Innahã London Yã ‘Azīzī) Only in London (2001) and Bahãa al-Dīn al-Ţawd’s (al-Ba‘īdūn) Those Who Are Far Away. These writers have been studied in the belief that they demonstrate the shaping of the East-West encounters. Writers from both cultures place their cultural concerns within a national framework that they constantly negotiate. Nevertheless, the thesis challenge is to pinpoint the complex web of factors that characterised each culture. Hence, this study seeks to contribute in showing how these writers are engaged in the process of reconstructing, adjusting and even transcending the stereotypes of their cultures.
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Abualhassan, Amani Ahmed D. "Magical Realism in Saudi Novels Between the Return to Origin and the Impact of Foreign trend". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17598.
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This study is mainly concerned with the renewal in Saudi novel in late 1980s. It also links this renewal with global literary trends via studying the most prominent foreign influences that influenced the writing of Saudi novelists in that period. The study focuses on magical realism trend, which has emerged in Latin America and then expanded to be a global trend influencing many novelists around the word including Saudi novelists. The study is divided into five chapters in addition to an introduction and a conclusion. Chapter one provides an overview of the main aspects of the study. It clarifies the title terminologies and contains an introduction along with two sections. The first section is devoted to explaining the most important stages of the evolution of Saudi Arabian novels. It aims to determine the period on which the study is focusing. The second section is devoted to exploring the meaning and development of the term magic realism. It highlights the innovative and unconventional ideas of the magical realism movement that opened new horizons of inquiry and creation away from the restriction of realism and encouraged artists and writers to challenge the classical definition of reality. Then, a comparison is conducted between fantasy elements in the classical Arabic literature and the new global magical realism trend. The comparative study aims to reveal the similarities and dissimilarities between classical and modern trends and to investigate the distinctive power of magic realism on contemporary Arabic writers in general and Saudi writers in particular. Chapters two to five contain an empirical analysis. Each chapter is devoted to analyse a number of novels that relevant to one of the selected Saudi novelists. The thesis studies three males and one female Saudi novelists whose works reflect aspects of magical realism.
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Dhabab, Mansour M. A. "Representations of the Western other in early Arabic novels (1900-1915)". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3883/.
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This thesis studies the image of the West in a selection of Arab novels that were published between 1900 and 1915, when the Arab world was in the early stages of Western occupation. It is an attempt to form a clear picture of how Arab writers of that period viewed the West and its civilisation, by studying the novels' characters during that time. First attempts to write Arab novels were closely connected to the depiction of the 'Other', i. e.: the Westerner, using this image to express their hopes and pains. The novels were timid messages addressed to the West, in the hope that it would reconsider its relationship with the East. This thesis aims to shed light on the significant changes in Arab thought in the early 20th century and how Arab intellectuals came to view the West. These changes were preceded by a state of fascination with everything that came from the West; technological inventions, political and economic systems, and even social conditions. The writers were extremely concerned with women's rights, comparing the living conditions of Western women with the poor and backward conditions of Eastern women. It is hoped that this research will serve as a foundation for further research in this field, and that further studies can be carried out on the views expressed through these novels.
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Abbas, Reina. "Le genre de la nouvelle en Egypte ; traditions et emprunts au XX e siècle : l'exemple de Naguib Mahfouz". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0492.
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Notre étude consiste à retracer l'histoire du genre narratif arabe et plus précisément la nouvelle arabe de la fin du XIXème siècle jusqu'à 1969. Dans un premier temps, nous faisons un rappel historique et littéraire incluant la floraison du genre narratif en Egypte. Dans un second temps, nous analysons, à travers les préfaces de Mahmoud Taymour, l'évolution et les changements que le genre narratif arabe a subis dans la première moitié du XXème siècle. Enfin, la troisième partie illustre le gain en maturité du genre romanesque et plus précisément la nouvelle, à travers les oeuvres de Naguib Mahfouz, dans lesquelles nous trouvons un tableau complet de la société égyptienne et arabe de l'époqueOur study consists on tracking the history of the arab narrative type, more precisely the arab novel since end of nineteenth century till 1969. First, we start in the first chapter by a litterature and historical reminder of the birth of the narrative type in Egypt. Then, we analyze in the second chapter, through the Mahmoud Taymour introductions, the changes and evolutions that occur on this arab narrative type in the first half of the twentieth century. Finaly, the third chapter is the occasion to illustrate the gain in maturity of the narrative litterature and more specificaly the novel. This illustration is done through Naguib Mahfouz novels where we find a complete drawing of the egyptian and arab society at that time
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Kashou, Hanan Hussam. "War and Exile In Contemporary Iraqi Women’s Novels". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1386038139.
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Alblooshi, Fatima Khalifa. "The Role of Paratextual Elements in the Reception of Translation of Arabic Novels into English". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1617719565200925.
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Parr, Nora. "The construction of Palestinian identities in the Arabic-Palestinian novel". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18724.
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This thesis looks at four novels, Ghassan Kanafani's Rijal fi al-Shams (trans: Men in the Sun) published first in 1964 (Chapter One), Imil Habibi's Al-Waqa'i' Al-Gharibah fi Ikhtifa' Sa'id Abi Al-Nahs Al-Mutasha'l (trans, Said the Ill-Fated Pessoptimist) which was published in serial beginning 1973 (Chapter Two), Sahar Khalifah's Al-Subbar (trans, Wild Thorns) published in 1974 (Chapter Three), and finally, Al-Duffah al-Thalithah li-Nahar al-Urdun (while there is no English translation of the work, the title translates as The Third Bank of the Jordan River) by Husayn Al-Barghuthi (Chapter Four). It analyzes the different ways in which the works construct identity of Palestinian characters using a variety of literary techniques, puts the novels into their historic contexts, and attempts to draw some broad conclusions about the construction of identities in the Palestinian novel in general.Ce mémoire étudie quatre romans, Rijal fi al-Shams (trans: Men in the Sun) par Ghassan Kanafani, édité d'abord en 1964 (chapitre un), Al-Waqa'i' Al-Gharibah fi Ikhtifa' Sa'id Abi Al-Nahs Al-Mutasha'l (trans, Said the Ill-Fated Pessoptimist) par Imil Habibi, qui a été publié dans une publication périodique au début de l'année 1973 (chapitre deux), Al-Subbar par Sahar Khalifah (trans, Wild Thorns) édité en1974 (chapitre trois), et, enfin, Al-Duffah al-Thalithah li-Nahar al-Urdun (il n'y a pas de traduction anglaise officielle, mais le titre peut se traduire par La troisième banque du fleuve jordanien) par Husayn Al-Barghuthi (chapitre quatre). Il analyse les différentes façons dont ces ouvrages construisent l'identité des personnages palestiniens en employant une variété de techniques littéraires, replace les romans dans leur contexte historique et essaye d'élaborer quelques conclusions générales sur la construction des identités dans le roman palestinien en generale.
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Sabbagh, A. O. "A novel model for managing health informatics in Saudi Arabia". Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/6a19f00c-e199-49e6-b0c6-4e71d853fa35/1.
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Application of Health Informatics (HI) is becoming more pervasive in the Saudi Arabian health organisations (SAHOs) with the aim of exploiting its potential for better healthcare delivery. Yet, to date, the management of HI has not been fully digested in the Saudi health environment. Therefore, adoption of imported models has become a common practice for managing HI. Consequently, most implemented systems fall short of meeting objectives or tackling key existing issues. The aim of the study is to develop a model for HI management that not only deals with key prevailing issues but also should be compatible with the Saudi Arabian health environment. The research contends that the key to success in exploiting the potential of HI is the use of appropriate local models that fully integrate with the Saudi Arabian health environment. The research design was mainly guided by pragmatic philosophy which incorporated both quantitative and qualitative research. It was inductive in nature and used a field research methodology to accomplish the research objectives. Empirical data was collected via questionnaires and interviews in the collaborating health organisations. Literature review, data analyses of the questionnaires and interviews yielded the initial framework for the Health Informatics Management Model (HIMM). A first round evaluation of the HIMM was conducted yielding a revised version. Later, data was also gathered from participants in a second round of evaluating the HIMM. The second round was to reassess the compatibility of HIMM with the Saudi Arabian health organisations, and to update the model in order to match the current application of HI in these organisations. The analysis of the data gleaned from the second stage evaluation yielded a revised (and final) HIMM, contemplated by participants. Based on the above empirical data, the research study introduces the HIMM, the first holistic and systematic HI framework that should enable the Saudi health providers and managers to better comprehend the multi-faceted perspectives that form the HI management paradigm, and guide them in its management. It can allow them to decide how best to manage HI projects in a way that ensures an optimum use of HI resources for effective and efficient delivery of healthcare and services. This work is of considerable utility in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf States, where HI management and its application are regarded as an area of high priority.
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Ben, Meftah Tahar Ben Ali. "L’Univers mythique touareg dans l’œuvre d’Ibrahim Al Koni : pour une poétique du « Roman du désert »". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20024/document.
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Ce travail tente de répondre à la problématique suivante : de quelle façon un écrivain, en l’occurrence Ibrahim Al Koni, peut-il témoigner de l’histoire et de la culture de son peuple, les Touaregs (en danger d’extinction), sans verser dans le discours ethnographique ou le manifeste politique ? La réponse qui vient immédiatement à l’esprit c’est : par l’écriture.Or l’oralité étant le mode d’expression et de transmission principal de la société touarègue, l’auteur va se trouver dans la nécessité d’user d’une langue « étrangère » (l’arabe), et d’une forme exogène (le roman) pour accomplir cette œuvre. Mais la gageure ne s’arrête pas là : Al Koni se propose de restituer à son peuple des valeurs et un mode de vie menacés par l’oubli et la dislocation de l’espace traditionnel nomade. Il lui faut alors inventer une matrice originale capable de véhiculer ces valeurs et de retrouver l’oasis perdue « Waw » baignant dans la parole première du livre des Ancêtres « Anhi ». C’est par l’investissement des mythes fondateurs touaregs dans la trame des intrigues romanesques qu’il réussira cette alchimie et parviendra à fonder un genre nouveau dans la littérature arabe et mondiale contemporaines : Le Roman du désertThis work aims at answering the following question : how can a writer, in this case Ibrahim Al Koni, testify to the history and culture of his people, the Touaregs (endangered), without producing neither an ethnographic speech nor a political manifest ? The answer just immediately to mind is : by writing. However, the main mode of expression and transmission in the touareg society is orality. That is why the author will need to use a “foreign” language (arabic) and an exogenous form (the novel) to accomplish this mission. But the challenge does not stop here : Al Koni intends to give back to his people many values and a way of life threatened by oblivion and by the collapse of the traditional nomadic space. He than needs to invent an original matrix able to convey these values and find “Waw”, the lost oasis, bathing in the prime speech of the ancestors book, “Anhi”. By investing touaregs founding myths in the frame of romanesques intrigues, Al Koni manages to succeed this alchemy and builds a new genre in the arab and contemporary world literature : The Novel of the desert
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Elshqeirat, Wasfi. "Representations of Arabia and North Africa in selected prose and novels in English : 1949-1983". Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424849.
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El, Batran Karim Mohsen Mahmoud. "Novel text entry and mobile interaction techniques for Arabic language users". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2015. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=25986.
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Inspired by an observational study of Egyptian Agricultural Census counters, this research aims to improve mobile data entry though better form navigation and improved Arabic text entry. Four improvements were taken into consideration in sequence: (1) minimizing large forms to fit small mobile device screens and easing form navigation process, (2) optimizing Arabic keyboard layout to suit Arabic Language users, (3) introducing Gesture-based Arabic Writing Pads (GBAWPs) that fit small mobile device screens and smart watch surfaces, and (4) enhancing a quantitative prediction model to overcome the defect in modeling interactions on mobile devices. This research shows an improvement of form navigation on mobile devices. The approach is based on computerizing forms and using Panning and Zooming as a navigation technique. In order to do so, an observational study was conducted on the Egyptian Agricultural Census (EAC). However, there were considerable challenges in reducing the size of the paper forms to fit mobile devices and introducing fast navigation technique. It was concluded after computerizing the forms that using the Panning and Zooming technique scored less completion task time and workload in comparison to the tabbed navigation technique. Moreover, this research presents a new design of an Arabic keyboard layout for effective text entry on touch screen mobile phones. The approach is based on Pareto front optimization using three metrics: minimizing finger travel distance in order to maximize speed, minimizing neighboring key error ambiguities in order to maximize the quality of spell correction, and maximizing familiarity for Arabic Language users through approximate alphabetic sorting. In user studies, the new layout showed an observed improvement in typing speed in comparison to a common Arabic layout. Currently, there is an opportunity to research new optimized keyboard designs with less usage experience than QWERTY as in mainstream Western European languages. Pareto optimization can produce high quality keyboards for alphabet based languages that could be beneficial when there is less reluctance to change from QWERTY. Furthermore, this research also illustrates Gesture-based text entry as a method used for mobile devices. Its success and acceptance is critically dependent on the reliability of gesture recognition. The gesture recognition of the GBAWP is accomplished through a sequence of touched points or swipes on the screen. In order to maximize the text area field and minimize the number of keys displayed on the screen, a 12-key GBAWP interface was introduced appearing like a 12-key physical keypad phone. Considering the Arabic letters characteristics, structure, and maximizing speed, a 6-key GBAWP layout based on dot recognition was introduced. After conducting usability tests on both the 12-key and 6-key GBAWP, it was found that users could perform text entry on mobile devices using the 12-key GBAWP with an estimate of 2.9 words-per-minute on average. They also executed text entry tasks on a Sony SmartWatch 2 with an average of 3.2 words-per-minute. This could increase to an estimate of 4.5 words-per-minute on average, on the long term. While entry speeds were slow, users found it easy to use and it supports largely eyes free interaction. Gesture-based technique enables users to perform Arabic text entry on small display mobile devices and watches using both the 12-key and 6-key GBAWP. Finally, this research introduces an enhancement to KLM (Keystroke-Level Model), a quantitative prediction model predicting the user's behaviour in low-level tasks. This was acomplished by extending it with three new operators describing interactions on mobile touchscreen devices and tablets. The approach is based on Fitts' Law to identify a performance measure estimate equation for each of the introduced interactions. Three prototypes were developed to serve as a test environment in validating Fitts equations and estimating the parameters for these interactions. Three-thousand and ninty observations took place with a total of 51 users. The studies confirmed that most interactions fitted well with Fitts' Law. On the other hand, it was noticed that Fitts' Law does not fit well on small mobile device screens when the Index of Difficulty exceeds 4 bits. These results enable developers of mobile device and tablet applications to describe tasks as a sequence of operators used and predict user interaction times prior to creating prototypes.
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Abdou, Shaymaa Hussein Samy Moha. "Narratives of selfhood : a study of the Arabic biographical novel, 1967-2010". Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11443/.
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Scholarship on the Arabic novel often approaches it in light of questions of national consciousness, identity formation and contact with the West. This study relates the traditional fictional narrative of individual self-development found in biographical subgenres of the novel such as the Bildungsroman, autobiographical and confessional novels with these scholarly enterprises. It explores how biographical forms, as found in the post-1967 Arabic novel, have reflected an individualistic worldview that began as a reaction to certain collectivist ideas inherited from a previous generations of writers and intellectuals. The individualism of biographical forms is shown to be a reaction to the literary conventions associated with the themes of national identity and the Western encounter. The New Sensibility movement that evolved during the period that the study covers is analysed in relation to various Arabic texts from eight countries. Theories of intertextuality provide the interpretive tools to discuss the links between those novels and the changes in genres over time. Gérard Genette’s concept of hypertextuality is one of such tools used to analyse the relationship between the contemporary texts and their predecessors, and Bakhtin’s ideas on utterances and speech genres allow me to interpret the implied writers’ views on the values associated with the literary convention in which they are participating. I use three prototypical narratives to summarise the elements of the established literary conventions and the presuppositions of the writers and readers. The study focuses on two recurrent themes in the contemporary biographical novel; political activism and immigration. It shows how these two topics were developed literary codes that contemporary writers gave new significations. In prototypical narratives, they were literary vehicles for imagining a unified community, and in the late twentieth century they transformed into narratives of self-discovery and individualistic emphasis on uniqueness and agency. By focusing on certain attributes of the biographical form, such as the spontaneous desire of the individual and the persistent motif of the double, I show how this particular subgenre of the novel was used to disturb the collectivist ideologies and stable speech genres that had become prevalent by the latter half of the twentieth century.
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Belhadj, Ali Manel. "La traduction des romantiques et la genèse du romantisme arabe : du transfert culturel au croisement". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL136.
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Ce travail se propose d’étudier les traductions en arabe d’œuvres littéraires romantiques françaises, de la fin du XIXe et du début du XXe siècle, pendant la Nahḍa ou Renaissance arabe, pour ainsi dire. À cette fin, nous entreprenons, dans une démarche comparative, d’analyser et d’observer comment certaines œuvres du répertoire romantique français ont été reçues en Égypte et, par extension, dans le monde arabe tout entier. Notre conviction que le Romantisme français est porteur d’une « orientalité » intrinsèque tant au texte original qu’à sa transposition, nous amène à penser qu’il y aurait là, chez les traducteurs arabes, une propension affinitaire à cette esthétique romantique. Notre étude part d’un corpus comprenant le drame hugolien, Hernani, le roman épistolaire, Sous les tilleuls d’Alphonse Karr, « Le Lac » de Lamartine et de quelques poèmes extraits des Orientales d’Hugo : « Fantômes », « Lazzara », « Attente » et « Feu du ciel ». Nous tenterons de concevoir un prisme nouveau pour le regard comparatiste, en nous plaçant, non seulement du point de vue des traducteurs arabes et de l’objet qu’ils ont lu, mais aussi dans la modalité de leur lecture propre de l’œuvre qui s’est imposée à leur intelligence et à leur sensibilitéThis thesis analyses the Arabic translations of French romantic literary works from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, during the Nahda or Arab Renaissance. To this end the thesis uses a comparative approach which studies and observes how some works of the French Romantic repertoire have been received in Egypt and, by extension, in the entire world. Our conviction that French Romanticism carries an "orientality" intrinsic both to the original text and its transposition, leads us to think that there would be there, among Arab translators, a tendential affinity to this romantic aesthetic. Our study starts from a corpus comprising the Hugo drama, Hernani, the epistolary novel, Under the lime trees by Alphonse Karr, Lamartine’s “The Lake” and some poems extracted from the Orientals Hugo: "Ghosts", "Lazzara", “Waiting” and “Fire from Heaven”. We will try to conceive a new prism for the comparative view, placing ourselves not only from the point of view of the Arab translators, but also in the modality of their own reading of the work that has imposed itself on their intelligence and their sensitivity
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Al-Hassan, Hawraa. "Propaganda literature in Baʻthist cultural production (1979-2003) : the novels of Saddam Hussein as a case study". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648424.
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Cox, Debbie. "The language of authenticity? : politics, language and gender in the Algerian Arabic novel". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302642.
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Al-Wahhabi, Abd Al-Rahman Muhammad. "Women's novel in Saudi Arabia : It's emergence and development in a changing culture". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496392.
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The literary works of Saudi women have not long been recognised as an individual culture. This study aims to introduce Saudi women's novels to a wider audience. Arab, English and other readers need to examine how much Saudi women have achieved in this genre. Women and their novels have developed with the movement of the wider Saudi society; women have achieved different rates of progress in terms of themes and style. The purpose of this study is to look at Saudi women's novels as the most important literary genre through which women can express their views and desires. Many questions are raised throughout the study, some refer to culture and others to genre. The study aims to examine women's novels, what they have written about and what they have achieved. Culturally, the study covers three aspects: women as gender, the novel as a literary genre and the developing culture of Saudi society. The thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter One gives an account of existing works related to the topic, giving a brief historical account of the Saudi women's movement and examining different aspects of Saudi women's literature, in particular the novel and how it has moved forward as women's position in society has developed. From Chapter Two to Chapter Five, the study deals with the women novelists' works chronologically, examining them in terms of the most important cultural and literary phenomena. Thus, Chapter Two sheds light on the beginnings of women's fiction in Saudi literature and covers the period from 1960-1980. It examines the novels of the liberal writers Samira Khdshugji and Hudä al-Rashid. Chapter Three deals with the period from 1980 to the Second Gulf War in 1991, when the novel began its rise in status in Saudi literature, examining some of the technical styles and themes of two of the best Saudi women novelists, Safiyya `Anbar and Amal Shatä. Chapter Four covers the same period and examines how the novels of Bahiyya Bü Subayt and Raja' `Alim deal with the common cultural phenomena of the period, in particular so-called Islamic literature and modernism. Chapter Five deals with women novelists since 1991. It outlines the changes in Saudi society since the Second Gulf War and September 11th (9/11), and the parallel developments in Saudi literature up to the year 2002, as young novelists from a new generation came up with new ideas. Chapter Six gives a general conclusion to this thesis.
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Westney, Emma Gaze. "Arabic literary modernism : the short story cycles and the episodic novels of Imil Nabibi and Idwar al-Kharrat". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368130.
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Alaybani, Rasmyah. "Words and Images:Women’s Artistic Representations in Novels and Fine Art in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2005-2017". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1565009668743079.
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Sa'Di, Adnan Ibrahim. "The Arabic novel in Israel : a critical study of the works of Emile Habibi". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251530.
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Leafgren, Luke Anthony. "Novelizing the Muslim Wars of Conquests: The Christian Pioneers of the Arabic Historical Novel". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10362.
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During the Arabic cultural renaissance of the nineteenth century known as the nahda, Christian Arabs made a substantial contribution to the development of fiction and journalism. Among these pioneers, Salim al-Bustani, Jurji Zaydan, and Farah Antun were inspired by translations of European fiction to write the first historical novels in Arabic. Their narrations of the Muslim wars of conquest are carefully constructed blends of history and fiction that emphasize the cultural and religious values that Christian and Muslim Arabs hold in common. In their novels, these authors celebrate the historical achievements of the Arabs and seek to inspire a new sense of Arab cultural identity, open to Christians and Muslims alike and based on shared language, history, territory, values, and aspirations for reform. In this way, these authors respond to the sectarian tensions of their time, European imperialism, and the challenges of modernism with ideas that would become central to Arab nationalist discourse in the twentieth century.
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Ramirez-Nieves, Emmanuel. "Repenting Roguery: Penance in the Spanish Picaresque Novel and the Arabic and Hebrew Maqama". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467380.
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Repenting Roguery: Penance in the Spanish Picaresque Novel and the Arabic and Hebrew Maqāma, investigates the significance of conversion narratives and penitential elements in the Spanish picaresque novels Vida de Guzmán de Alfarache (1599 and 1604) by Mateo Alemán and El guitón Onofre (circa 1606) by Gregorio González as well as Juan Ruiz’s Libro de buen amor (1330 and 1343) and El lazarillo de Tormes (1554), the Arabic maqāmāt of al-Ḥarīrī of Basra (circa 1100), and Ibn al-Ashtarkūwī al-Saraqusṭī (1126-1138), and the Hebrew maqāmāt of Yehudah al-Ḥarizi (circa 1220) and Isaac Ibn Sahula (1281-1284). In exploring the ways in which Christian, Muslim, and Jewish authors from medieval and early modern Iberia represent the repentance of a rogue, my study not only sheds light on the important commonalities that these religious and literary traditions share, but also illuminates the particular questions that these picaresque and proto-picaresque texts raise within their respective religious, political and cultural milieux. The ambiguity that characterizes the conversion narrative of a seemingly irredeemable rogue, I argue, provides these medieval and early modern writers with an ideal framework to address pressing problems such as controversies regarding free will and predestination, the legitimacy of claims to religious and political authority, and the understanding of social and religious marginality.Comparative Literature
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Magreb, Alzahrani. "Continuity of traditional literary features in the modern Arabic novel : a study in intertextuality". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.605812.
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Al-Qahtani, Sultan S. M. "The novel in Saudi Arabia : emergence and development 1930-1989 : an historical and critical study". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1994. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8131/.
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This study aims to establish the identity of the Saudi novel, which has been hitherto neglected by scholars whether Saudi or non-Saudi; to consider the emergence and development of tho Saudi novel during the past sIxty years (1930-90) and the reasons for these; to investigate the peculiarities of the Saudi novel as well as the influence on it of the International novel, and the novel in other Arabic-speaking countries; to examine the factors that have led to the growth of the novel as a literary form in Saudi Arabia since the fifties; and appraise the 'artistic" development that has taken place In the novel itself, and in individual novelists since that time.
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Saugestad, Frode. "Individuation and the shaping of personal identity a comparative study of the modern novel". Wiesbaden Reichert, 2009. http://d-nb.info/995606749/04.
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Alfauzan, Abdullah H. A. "The City and social transformations in Arabic literature : the Saudi novel as case study (1980-2011)". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4927/.
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Nowhere has the call of the city been more insistent during recent decades than in countries of the so-called developing world. The attractions of cities and the real and imagined opportunities they offer have resulted in the emergence of the middle class and urban populations at a relentless pace in South America, Africa, the Middle-East and South-East Asia. One consequence of this is that the city has given birth to the novel as a new literary genre with the most intimate connection to the city as it can address the deficiency caused by the fact that the complex social phenomena that have accompanied the rise of the city have not been adequately covered by poetry and have thus been kept from critics and readers. The novel has a unique capacity for probing the undercurrents of city life and dealing with the small-scale events and transitions that bring to life the city and the changes that it has produced. It can offer conclusions about these transformations by looking at the city in relation to issues that are increasingly linked to it, such as religion, freedom, alienation, war and the changing lives of women. This thesis therefore employs the thematic approach in pursuit of what it sees as the urgent need to explore not merely the literary representation of the city, but also the role and impact of the city on the growth and development of various social issues and its inhabitants. The thematic approach enables a balanced description and analysis of the Saudi city and its social transformations through the Saudi novels under consideration: they provide a canvas covering various real and imagined cities and multiple time frames, as determined by the gender, age and the experiences of the various novelists. The chosen sample consists of those novels which best serve the objectives of this research. The period of this study between 1980 and 2011 is regarded as the one in which the Saudi city and the novel reached maturity. This research has emphasised that the rise of the city and its social transformations have been at the expense of traditional lifestyles and family units, and have led to a marked increase in religious loyalty and affiliation – sometimes including violent extremism – in the city, which is seen as an apt environment for the growth of religion. The city has also affected communication patterns between men and women and has tended to break down the collective mindset of the rural community. It has led to both greater individual freedom and to feelings of alienation, which shows the correlation between the two.
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Oersen, Sheridene Barbara. "The representation of women in four of Naguib Mahfouz's realist novels: Palace walk, Palace of desire, Sugar street and Midaq alley". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This thesis involved the various discourses around Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz's representation of women in four of his most well-known novels, which were originally written in Arabic. At the one extreme, he is described as a feminist writer who takes up an aggressive anti-patriarchal stance, delivering a multi-faceted critique on Egyptian society. Mahfouz's personal milieu, as well as the broader social context in which he finds himself, was given careful consideration. It was also considered whether the genre in which the four novels have been written has a significant influence on the manner in which Mahfouz has represented his female characters.
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Bianco, Annamaria. ""Adab al-malǧa'" : représenter le refuge dans le roman arabe du XXIe siècle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/221209_BIANCO_998yey470wdp180hg620kll_TH.pdf.
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Cette thèse analyse la littérature arabe de l’exil et de la migration produite au tournant de la « crise des réfugiés » de 2015, à travers un corpus de six romans dont les auteurs diffèrent par leurs sexe, âge, origine, notoriété et statut migratoire. L’étude vise à décrire l’émergence d’une nouvelle esthétique migrante construite autour de l’expérience polyvalente et multiforme du refuge, en identifiant les différents éléments de continuité et de discontinuité qui relient la fiction contemporaine au canon littéraire du passé. Focalisée sur des romans qui puisent dans la littérature de harraga (Taytānīkāt afrīqiyya d'Abū Bakr Ḥāmid Kahhāl et Anāšīd al-milḥ d'al-'Arabī Ramaḍānī), la première partie met en évidence les liens entre les textes qui relatent l'expérience de la migration clandestine et ceux qui se concentrent sur l'exode des demandeurs d'asile, en faisant ressortir le même type de discours critique à l'égard de la forteresse Europe et des hiérarchies établies par le système humanitaire. Concentrée sur les concepts de vulnérabilité, traumatisme et résilience, la deuxième partie est consacrée aux réalités du transit et de l'immobilité. Elle analyse les espaces d'exception incarnés par les camps de réfugiés palestiniens (Muḫmal de Ḥuzāma Ḥabāyib) et par la Syrie prérévolutionnaire, caractérisée par une double réalité d'accueil et répression (Ḥurrās al-hawāʼ de Rūzā Yāsīn Ḥasan). La troisième partie se concentre sur l'expérience de l'asile en Europe (Barīd al-layl de Hudā Barakāt et 'Āzif al-ġuyūm de 'Alī Badr), nous permettant d'explorer des représentations anti-hégémoniques des notions d'hospitalité, d'identité, d'appartenance et de citoyennetéThis thesis analyses the Arabic literature of exile and migration produced at the turn of the 2015 "refugee crisis", through a corpus of six novels whose authors differ in gender, age, origin, notoriety and migratory status. The study aims to describe the emergence of a new migrant aesthetic built around the polyvalent and multifaceted experience of "refuge", identifying the different elements of continuity and discontinuity that link contemporary fiction to the canon of the past. Focusing on two novels that draw on the tradition of harraga literature (Abū Bakr Ḥāmid Kahhāl's Taytānīkāt afrīqiyya and al-Arabī Ramaḍānī's Anāshīd al-milḥ), the first part of this work sheds light on the links between texts that recount the experience of clandestine migration and those that focus on the exodus of asylum seekers, bringing out from them the same kind of critical discourse towards Fortress Europe and the hierarchies established by the humanitarian system. Linking the concepts of vulnerability, trauma and resilience, the second part is devoted to the realities of transit and immobility, and analyses the spaces of exception embodied by Palestinian refugee camps (Ḥuzāma Ḥabāyib's Muḫmal) and pre-revolutionary Syria, characterised by a dual reality of regional shelter and repression (Rūzā Yāsīn Ḥasan's Ḥurrās al-hawāʼ). The third part sheds light on the experience of asylum in Europe (Hudā Barakāt's Barīd al-layl and Alī Badr's Āzif al-ġuyūm), allowing the reader to explore the anti-hegemonic representations of notions such as hospitality, identity, belonging and citizenship
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Elayan, Suzanne. "Changing seasons : examining three decades of women's writing in Greater Syria and Egypt". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12423.
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Throughout the last three decades, the Arab region has attracted the unwanted attention of the rest of the world because of its spiralling political upheaval. This unrest has caused migration, economic and cultural changes, and eventually a spring of revolutions and protests in demand of reform. Arab countries are now in the spotlight of global current affairs, and all the imperfections regarding their cultural, social, and gender inequalities have surfaced to the foreground. Arab women novelists have been addressing feminist issues for centuries, chipping away at the stereotypical image of the meek and voiceless Arab woman that comes hand in hand with Orientalism. Through their fiction, writers such as Nawal El Saadawi, Hanan Al- Shaykh and Fadia Faqir have promulgated a bold brand of Arab feminist thought. This interdisciplinary thesis explores the Greater Syrian and Egyptian woman's novel written between 1975 and 2007. Through the in-depth analysis of Arab women's novels available in English, I attempt to uncover the many reasons behind today's gender inequality in Greater Syria and Egypt. By examining contemporary Arabic narrative styles and cultivating traditional Arab story-telling methods, the creative element of this thesis uses fiction to expose social and political injustice. The novel within this thesis challenges different forms of patriarchy that are dominant in the region, and endeavours to document a historical, on-going revolution.
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El, Khoury Sylvana. "Parole, corps et pouvoir dans les romans de ‘Alawiyya Ṣubḥ". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA093.
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L’œuvre de la romancière libanaise ‘Alawiyya Ṣubḥ (née à Beyrouth en 1955) est traversée par un rapport intrinsèque entre le corps épanoui et son exercice de la parole, de même qu’entre le corps réprimé et son embrigadement dans le silence, le tout lié à une peur du féminin dans ses manifestations aussi bien corporelles que langagières. Face à la norme répressive, le langage des personnages, lieu de l’articulation du savoir et du pouvoir, comme leur corps, lieu de l’exercice de la domination masculine, deviennent des lieux de contre-pouvoirs, des « subjectivités » en devenir comme dirait Michel Foucault. Ainsi se pose dans les trois romans de Ṣubḥ : Maryam al-ḥakāyā (2002), Dunyā (2006) et Ismuhu l-ġarām (2009) la question de la représentation des femmes et la possibilité qu’elles ont de prendre ou non la parole et de se faire entendre. Dans le système patriarcal mis en scène dans ces romans, le silence est la norme contre laquelle s’élève la voix de certains personnages, femmes et hommes. Par conséquent, quand elle intervient, leur parole, qui se situe aux confins de l’admissible, du convenable et du soutenable, a tout de suite valeur de transgression. Une fois cette parole advenue, la femme, parce que c’est surtout d’elle qu’il s’agit, récupère sa voix et l’image de son corps, ce dernier étant, en quelque sorte, le premier lieu où se manifeste l’appropriation patriarcale du discours féminin, et sa réappropriation par la femme, le premier et principal signe d’une possible émancipation. Un parler « féminin » est alors célébré, un parler qui n’est pas exclusivement de femmes, mais un parler qui ne prétend pas à l’universel, et qui permet l’émergence d’un discours minoritaire échappant à la vision logocentrique et théocentrique du mondeThe work of the Lebanese novelist 'Alawiyya Ṣubḥ (Beirut, 1955) is traversed by an intrinsic relationship between the unimpeded body and its exercise of speech, likewise between the repressed body and its enslavement in silence, all being linked to a fear of what feminine would be in its corporal and linguistic manifestations. Faced with the repressive norms, the language of the characters being a place where power and knowledge articulate on the one hand and their body, as the place of the exercise of male domination on the other hand, become places of counter power. In other hands, they become places of upcoming "subjectivities", as Michel Foucault would say. In the three novels of Ṣubḥ: Maryam al-ḥakāyā (2002), Dunyā (2006) and Ismuhu l-ġarām (2009), arises the question of the representation of women and the possibility for them to be voiced and heard. In the patriarchal system depicted in these novels, silence is the norm against which the voice of certain women and men rises. Therefore, when their word intervene, lying at the confines of the admissible, the suitable and the sustainable, it has immediately the value of transgression. Once this word has come, the woman, main subject of this word, recovers her voice and the image of her body. The body is the first place where the patriarchal appropriation of feminine discourse manifests itself, and the reappropriation of this discourse by woman becomes the first and principal sign of a possible emancipation. A « feminin » speech is then celebrated, a speech that is not exclusively that of women, yet a speech that does not pretend to the universal, and which allows the emergence of a minority discourse that escapes the logocentric and theocentric visions of the world
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Abualadas, Othman Ahmad Ali. "A linguistically-oriented approach to literary translation : a comparative pragmatic study of three Arabic renditions of the English novel 'Wuthering Heights'". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9424/.
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The present study applies one branch of linguistics, namely pragmatics, to the study of translation. It analyzes pragmatic elements, namely (i) presupposition, (ii) implicature and (iii) deixis, in Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights (1847) and three Arabic translations to identify the nature of shifts in these elements and their conditioning factors. The study adopts a descriptive approach (Toury 2012) that will contribute to research into the determining features of English-Arabic literary translation and ultimately to research into translation norms or universals. The features studied are manually identified and then analyzed through different qualitative and quantitative research methods. The analysis reveals several trends, most importantly, a tendency: (i) to claim lesser shared knowledge with readers, (ii) to avoid the flouting of conversational maxims and hence to enhance information quality, relevance, clarity and politeness at face value and (iii) to explicitate deictic knowledge and increase the deictic anchorage. This brings the main narrator (Nelly Dean) closer to the other characters in temporal, spatial, social and mental space, hence increasing her involvement in events and empathy towards characters. At the same time, it distances the outside frame narrator (Lockwood), who has limited contact with characters, and increases his detachment and antipathy. In both cases more is revealed of narrator-character relationships and the narrator’s evaluations, leading to a more subjective narrative mood. These findings, however, point to one overriding trend in the corpus: a tendency to communicate at the explicit level rather than the implied. Although this general trend may point to strengthening of textual and discoursal relations and to a text that is more ‘cohesive’, ‘explicit’ (Blum-Kulka 1986), ‘cooperative’ (Malmkjær 1998, 2005) and ‘fluent’ (Venuti 1995), it also suggests a text that is less stylistically varied and which tends to evoke less ‘reader involvement’ (Hickey 1998, Boase-Beier 2006, 2014). The shift is attributable to a number of factors: (i) the translator’s representation of her/his ‘conception’ or ‘concretisation’ of the original story (Levý 2011) and (ii) her/his attempts to explicitate the pragmatic forces of the original and ‘standardize’ its language and style (Toury 2012), with the likely purpose of avoiding processing difficulties or potential ambiguities and ensuring the success of this interlingual communication. These findings support the view that explicitation and standardization as universal strategies stem from the translator’s perception of his/her role as a intercultural mediator and her/his intention to help the reader (Munday 1997a, Pápai 2004, Pym 2005, Saldanha 2008, Becher 2010) rather than that explicitation is related to the translation process itself (Øverås 1998, Olohan and Baker 2000) and standardization to the relative dominance of the translated language and literature (Vanderauwera 1985). Lastly, it is hoped that the model will be applicable to different texts and language pairs to compare the results and gain more understanding of translation norms and universals.
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Al-Bataineh, Afaf Badr. "The modern Arabic novel : a literary and linguistic analysis of the genre of popular fiction, with special reference to translation from English". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1233.
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The aim of this thesis is to examine the notion of 'genre' in general as a basic unit in linguistic, cultural and literary analysis. Chapter One is an introduction to this study outlining my aims and objectives which are mainly related to popular fiction in English and Arabic. Chapter Two discusses the theory of genre both from a linguistic and a literary point of view, underlining crosscultural differences and similarities. These critical insights should enable us to form an overall picture of how the subject of my case study (Mills & Boon and its translation into Arabic) is viewed in the languages and cultures concerned: this particular genre has not been acceptable to the Western literary establishment until recently, and is not acceptable to the Arabic critical establishment even today. Chapter Three historically deals with the first attempts in writing novels in Arabic. This was influenced by translation, but an Arabic genre nevertheless emerged. Chapter Four critically focuses on this aspect of the canonization of the novel in Arabic. This has influenced the development of popular fiction in this language. Chapter Five presents a detailed analysis of one particular example of popular fiction in Arabic, one which was seen negatively by the critics. Chapter Six discusses the tension between the canon and the periphery as far as the novel is concerned. This is illustrated by an analysis of an Arabic novel which we take to be a good example of popular fiction. Chapter Seven deals with aspects of Eastern and Western translation theory relevant to my analysis of genre. Chapter Eight presents a detailed analysis of a Mills & Boon novel in English and its translation into Arabic. Finally, Chapter Nine briefly summarizes the issues discussed and points us towards some general direction and pedagogic implications.
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Hilali, Bacar Darouèche. "L’autofiction en question : une relecture du roman arabe à travers les œuvres de Mohamed Choukri, Sonallah Ibrahim et Rachid El-Daïf". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20130/document.
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Depuis son invention par Serge Doubrovsky en 1977, le concept d’autofiction n’a cessé d’évoluer et de stimuler la réflexion sur la production romanesque. Après sa consécration en France, l’autofiction gagne les littératures européennes et occidentales, d’abord en Allemagne et en Pologne, puis au Canada et aux États-Unis, ou encore en Espagne et en Amérique latine. Elle franchit ensuite les frontières pour s’adapter aux spécificités culturelles des littératures étrangères. Elle est adoptée au Japon, questionnée en Iran et pratiquée aux Antilles, dans l’Océan Indien, en Afrique du Sud, au Brésil ou encore en Chine. Depuis quelques années, le phénomène littéraire semble gagner le monde arabe. Certains écrivains s’en réclament, d’autres s’en accommodent et d’autres préfèrent employer divers concepts pour définir leur pratique romanesque, ce qui a poussé la critique arabe à forger un vocabulaire technique. Parmi les notions proposées, un terme se dégage : al-taḫyīl al-ḏātī. Mais cette nouvelle terminologie peut-elle attester l’émergence d’un « nouveau genre » dans la littérature arabe ? La présente thèse se propose donc d’étudier la question de la validité de l’autofiction dans la littérature arabe. La première partie de cette thèse donne un aperçu historique de la longue tradition d’écriture du moi depuis le XIXe siècle. La seconde partie questionne la production romanesque contemporaine, ensuite présente un certain nombre d’œuvres qui sont à mi-chemin entre l’autobiographie et la fiction, pose le débat critique et fixe notre cadre théorique. La troisième partie est consacrée à l’étude des œuvres choisies de Mohamed Choukri, de Sonallah Ibrahim et de Rachid pour observer au plus près la pratique autofictionnelle, d’en comprendre les mécanismes et d’en connaître les motivations. À partir de ces trois auteurs et des exemples qu’ils nous donnent de leur pratique d’écriture, on se propose dans la conclusion d’établir un modèle d’autofiction arabe et de définir des thèmes que l’on pourrait appliquer à un vaste ensemble de textes modernes et contemporainsSince its invention by Serge Doubrovsky in 1977, the concept of auto-fiction has continued evolve and stimulate thinking about the novel and its production. After its consecration in France, the auto-fiction has won over European and Western literature, starting first in Germany and Poland, Canada and the United States, as well as gathering acclaim in Spain and Latin America. It then crossed borders and adopted itself to the cultural specificities of foreign literature which is why it has also been adopted in Japan, questioned in Iran and practiced in the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean, South Africa, Brazil or China. In recent years, this literary phenomenon has also gained momentum in the Arab world. Some Arab writers have adopted it, others have accommodated it, and still others have chosen various concepts to help define their practice as novelists, inspiring the critics to create a new technical vocabulary such as: al-taḫyīl al-ḏātī. However, does the creation of new Arabic terminology within the realm of auto-fiction merit the claim that a ‘‘new genre’’ has emerged in the Arabic literature? This study raises the question of the validity of the auto-fiction as applied to Arabic literature. Therefore, the first part of this thesis gives a historical panorama of the long tradition of auto-fiction since the 19th century. The second part questions the contemporary novel’s production, then presents a number of works that are part autobiography and part fiction, exemplifying the critical debate that sets up the theoretical framework of this study. The third part is dedicated to studying selected works by Mohamed Choukri, Sonallah Ibrahim and Rashid El-Daïf and examining the practice of these authors use of auto-fiction in order to understand its mechanisms and their motivations. In conclusion, as a result of the examination of these three authors and the examples they give of their writing, an attempt is made to show a pattern for Arab auto-fiction in order to identify some of the themes that could be applied to a wide set of modern and contemporary texts
استمرّ مفهوم autofiction أو "ذات متخلية" في تطوّره و تطوير التفكير حول إنتاج الرواية، منذ اختراعه من قبل سيرج دوبروفسكي في عام 1977. بعد تكريسه في فرنسا، يتقدّم المفهوم في الأدب الأوروبي والغربي، أوّلاً في ألمانيا وبولندا وكندا والولايات المتّحدة، أو في إسبانيا وأمريكا اللاتينية. ثم يجتاز الحدود ليَتَأَقْلَمَ بخصوصيات ثقافة الأدب الأجنبي. فتَمّ اعتماده في اليابان، شُكِّكَ به في إيران وتمارس في منطقة البحر الكاريبي والمحيط الهندي وجنوب أفريقيا والبرازيل والصين. وفي السنوات الأخيرة، يبدو أن هذه الظاهرة الأدبية تكتسح العالم العربي. بدأ بعض الكتّاب يصرحون بانتماء نصوصهم إلى هذه الكتابة الأدبية، والبعض الآخر يعترفون بأن نصوصهم تنتمي سردياً إلى هذا النوع الأدبي غير أنها تحافظ على تجنيسها المألوف (الرواية، السيرة الذاتية، الخ) وآخرون يفضلون استخدام مفاهيم مختلفة لتعريف تجاربهم الروائية، مما دفع النقاد العرب بصياغة مفردات تقنية جديدة. و يظهر من بين المفاهيم المقترحة مصطلح "الــــتخييل الذاتي". ولكن هل هذا المصطلح الجديد يمكنه أن يشهد ظهور "نوع جديد" في الأدب العربي؟يطرح هذا البحث مسألة صحة التخييل الذاتي في الأدب العربي. يقترح الجزء الأول من هذه الأطروحة إعطاء لمحة تاريخية عن تقليد قديم في كتابة الذات منذ القرن التاسع عشر . والجزء الثاني يطرح إنتاج الرواية المعاصرة، ثم يعرض عدداً من الأعمال الروائية التي تقع بين السيرة الذاتية والخيال، ويثير النقاش حول هذه المسألة في النقد العربي والغربي، ثم يثبت الإطار النظري. ويخصّص الجزء الثالث في دراسة الأعمال المختارة لمحمد شكري، وصنع الله إبراهيم ورشيد الضعيف لمراقبة ممارسة كتابة "التخييل الذاتي"، لاستعاب آلياتها ومعرفة دوافعها. ومن هؤلاء المؤلفين لثلاثة ومن الأمثلة المتواجدة في كتاباتهم، نقترح في الخاتمة إقامة نموذج للتخييل الذاتي العربي وتحديد مواضيع من الممكن تطبيقها على نطاق مجموعة واسعة من النصوص الحديثة والمعاصرة
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Al, Shimai Abdulrahman Mohammad A. "Measurement, antecedents and outcomes of repatriation adjustment: Empirical evidence from Saudi repatriates". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116288/1/Abdulrahman%20Mohammad%20A_Al%20Shimai_Thesis.pdf.
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In this thesis is an investigation of the process of relocating overseas assignees back home following the completion of their international assignments, which is known as repatriation adjustment. A valid and reliable measure of repatriation adjustment is developed to explore repatriation adjustment profiles and their antecedents and impact on assignee outcomes. Guidance is offered for human resource practitioners in designing more effective repatriation programs.
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Dghim, Chiheb. "L'etranger dans quelques romans égyptiens". Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030017.
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L’étude de l’espace et des personnages dans quelques romans égyptiens met en évidence toute l’importance et la complexité que revêt le rapport à l’étranger et la manière dont personnages et spatialité s’imbriquent pour donner sens aux diverses représentations que le personnage arabe se fait de sa société et de l’Autre. Le personnage oriental - auteur, personnage-narrateur ou personnage fictif - est au coeur de ce conflit : il est face à l’Autre et à lui-même, face à deux types de femmes, l’une occidentale et l’autre orientale, face à deux sociétés, l’une archaïque et l’autre moderne, et face à deux espaces, l’un étrange et l’autre familierThe study of the space and the characters in some Egyptians novels highlight all the importance and complexity of the report to the other and how characters and spatiality fit to give meaning to the various representations that the Arab character made of the Occident. The oriental character - author, Narrator character or fictional character - is at the heart of this conflict: facing to himself and to the stranger, facing two types of women, one western and other oriental, facing two societies, one archaic and the other modern and, in the end facing with two spaces, one stranger and the other familiar
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Agsous, Sadia. "Langues et identités : l’écriture romanesque en hébreu des palestiniens d'Israël (1966 – 2013)". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INAL0002/document.
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Cette recherche porte sur l’analyse des problématiques des langues et des identités dans le roman composé en hébreu par des membres de la minorité palestinienne d’Israël – (Texte hybride selon Yassir Suleiman, 2013). Elle combine deux volets, l’un diachronique et l’autre analytique. D’une part, elle examine l’histoire du roman palestinien en hébreu, et les différents lieux dans lesquels l’hébreu et l’arabe, le Palestinien et le Juif israélien, minorité et majorité se rencontrent. D’autre part, l’approche comparative des œuvres d’Atallah Mansour (1935), d’Anton Shammas (1950) et de Sayed Kashua (1975) est proposée à partir de leur double appartenance, hébraïque et palestinienne. Elle envisage ces œuvres dans le cadre de la littérature mineure, de l’identité hybride postcoloniale et de l’espace tiers formulé par Mahmoud Darwich. L’enjeu est d’étudier les contours d’une narration palestinienne minoritaire engagée par des écrivains dans un processus de déconstruction, de reconfiguration et de correction de la représentation du personnage Palestinien dans la littérature hébraïqueThis research focuses on the analysis of the issues of language and identity in novels written in Hebrew by members of the Palestinian minority in Israel ("hybrid texts" according to Yassir Suleiman). It combines two components, one diachronic and one analytical. First, it examines the history of the Palestinian novel in Hebrew and the different fields where Hebrew and Arabic, Palestinian and Israeli Jew as well as minority and majority meet. Second, the analytical, comparative approach of the works of Atallah Mansour (1935), Anton Shammas (1950) and Sayed Kashua (1975) is examined from their dual, Israeli and Palestinian, affiliation. It sets these works in the context of Minor Literature, post-colonial hybrid identity and Mahmoud Darwich’s third space. The aim is to outline the Palestinian narrative initiated by minority writers as a process of deconstruction, reconfiguration and correction of the representation of the Palestinian character in Hebrew literature
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Leeke, Jane. "A novel reading : literature and pedagogy in modern Middle East history courses in Canada and the United States". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98549.
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The purpose of this study is to explore how the Arabic novel can and does challenge the conventional characterization of what constitutes constructive Middle East historiography. The thesis draws on a case study of undergraduate history course syllabi in order to highlight a number of crucial issues related to Arabic literature and the production of modern Middle East history. My analysis of the syllabi concludes that in general, Arabic novels in translation are part of a varied group of resources selected by a professor in order to complement the "official" histories provided by textbooks and government documents. The novel is deemed helpful because it often describes the "ordinary" or daily life of people. Also, the novel is presented as the contribution of an "indigenous voice" to the historical narrative.
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Elkhalifa, Mohamed Amani Elmahi. "Cultural challenges in translating Tayeb Salih’s novel Season of Migration to the North (1969) from Arabic into English : a comparative and analytical study with a focus on metaphors and similes". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78218.
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This study investigates how and to what effect metaphors and similes from Tayeb
Salih‘s novel Mawsim al-Hiǧra ilā ash-Shamāl (1966) were translated into English –
a worthy topic, given the many linguistic and cultural differences between Arabic and
English, and the difficulty of translating figurative language.
The novel depicts aspects of the life and culture of the Sudanese people.
Initially banned in the Arab world, it was voted, in 2001, the most important Arabic
novel of the twentieth century. This brought Tayeb Salih (1929–2009) fame and
recognition, and translation into more than twenty languages. Season of Migration to
the North (1960), the English translation by Canadian-born orientalist Denys Johnson-
Davies (1922–2017), is the object of this particular study.
This qualitative study employs descriptive translation studies (DTS) as the
main theoretical framework, supplemented by insights gained from equivalence
theories, theories of culture, the functionalist approach and cognitive studies.
Following a textual approach, the study investigates the Arabic source text, the
English target text, applicable translation theories and secondary literature on
metaphors and similes as sources of information and/or data. It discusses the
aforementioned translation theories, definitions, components and types of metaphors
and similes in Arabic and English, as well as strategies and procedures of translating
metaphors and similes. The researcher identifies, describes and analyses a selection of
similes and metaphors in the Arabic source text, and how they were conveyed in the
English target text. The study concludes with a discussion of the effects of the
translation choices made and the strategies used.Dissertation (MA (Applied Language Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2020.
African Languages
MA (Applied Language Studies)
Unrestricted
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Davis, Samantha Lynn. "Evaluating threats to the rare butterfly, Pieris virginiensis". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1431882480.
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Rubino, Marcella. "Religion et violence dans l'oeuvre de Yūsuf Zaydān : les chemins croisés de la fiction et de l'histoire". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF014/document.
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L’écrivain égyptien Yūsuf Zaydān s’inscrit dans la tradition - constituée à l’âge de la Nahḍa – de l’intellectuel “éducateur des consciences”. Depuis cette époque, face à un récit national contrôlé par le pouvoir politique ou religieux, la littérature arabe a souvent revisité l’histoire et l’actualité dans le but de rétablir - grâce à la liberté offerte par le discours fictionnel - la vérité occultée par le récit officiel. Dans ce processus de réécriture, Zaydān s’intéresse particulièrement à la relation entre religion, politique et violence. L’objectif de cette étude est d’explorer l’oeuvre littéraire de cet auteur, dans le but d’en dégager l’originalité. Celle-ci apparaît, d’une part, dans la capacité de Zaydān à mettre en valeur son double profil d’universitaire et de romancier, à travers une production très variée allant du roman à l’essai; d’autre part, dans les stratégies spécifiques qu’il emploie afin de s’adresser à son destinataire privilégié: le lecteur égyptien. Auteur controversé autant pour son oeuvre que pour sa personnalité, Zaydān n’en demeure pas moins un phénomène littéraire : illustration à la fois de l’éclatement du champ littéraire et d’une démocratisation exacerbée de la culture en Egypte, son cas permet de mieux comprendre la littérature arabe ultra contemporaine et ce qu’elle exprime sur les sociétés en recomposition - politique, économique et culturelle - desquelles elle émaneThe Egyptian writer Yūsuf Zaydān is part of the tradition – dating from the age of the Nahḍa – of intellectuals as "educators of consciousness". Since then, faced with a national narrative controlled by political or religious power, Arab literature has often revisited history and current affairs with the aim of restoring – through the freedom offered by fictional discourse – the truth overshadowed by official history. Through this rewriting process, Zaydān is particularly interested in discussing the relationship between religion, politics and violence. The objective of this thesis is to explore Zaydān’s literary work in order to identify its originality. This originality is manifested, first, through Zaydān's dual profile as both academic and novelist, engaged in varied production that ranges from novels to essays; second, in the specific strategies he employs in order to address his privileged audience: the Egyptian reader. A controversial author in both his work and his personality, Zaydān is above all a literary phenomenon. An example of the blossoming literary field and the exacerbated cultural democratisation in Egypt, his case allows us to better understand ultra-modern Arab literature and what it expresses about the (politically, economically, culturally) recomposed and changing society that have produced it
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Afkir, Fatima. "L'image de l’Égypte dans l’oeuvre de Tawfīq al-Ḥakīm". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BOR30059/document.
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Si on contemple l’abondante production du dramaturge, on réalise à quel point l’Égypte est omniprésente dans ses écrits et dans sa vie. Elle couronne l’ensemble de son oeuvre littéraire qui met en lumière chacun des différents aspects de ce pays : social, historique, culturel et politique. Cependant, dans cette étude, nous allons essayer de limiter notre sujet de l’Image de l’Égypte dans l’oeuvre de T. al-Ḥakīm à deux époques celle de la révolution de 1919, et celle de 1952. Ses écrits retracent clairement ces deux évènements importants. Sa façon de penser, d’écrire, de critiquer et d’analyser avant et après la révolution de 1919 n’est plus la même après la révolution de 1952. D’un écrivain rêveur, idéaliste, il en devient un autre plus réaliste et engagé littérairement. Notre problématique globale s’articulera autour des questions suivantes : quelle représentation l’oeuvre de Tawfīq al-Ḥakīm donne-t-elle de l’Égypte ? Peut-on considérer son retour aux mythes anciens comme une continuité entre l’Égypte moderne etl’Égypte ancienne ? Dans une première partie nous traitons les deux révolutions qui ont eu des répercussions sur ses écrits et sa vision politique. La deuxième partie, abordera la société de son roman ‛Awdat al-rūḥ, (l’Âme retrouvée), 1933, dans lequel il décrit une Égypte vue par un égyptien de souche et les liens forts qui unissent ce peuple à sa nation. La troisième partie sera réservée à la femme et au fallāḥ qui ont énormément inspiré l’écrivain. La quatrième partie sera consacrée à l’Égypte pharaonique. On va voir comment il a pu être influencé par l’Égypte ancienne pour décrire l’Égypte moderne. Nous nous appuyons aussi sur plusieurs lectures de différents auteurs afin de trouver une authenticité entre ce qu’il écrit et ce qu’il pense, entre la réalité et l’imagination dans ces oeuvres. Nous analyserons comment il voit, observe et critique son pays natalIf we contemplate the playwright's rich production, we realise to what extent Egypt plays a prominent part in his work and life. It is the crowning achievement of his literary work which highlights all the aspects of this country, social, historical, cultural and political However, in this study, we will try to limit our subject of The image of Egypt in T.al-Hakim's work to two particular eras, the revolutions of 1919 and 1952. His writings clearly relate those major events. The way he thinks, writes, criticizes and analyses before and after the 1919 revolution is no longer the same after the 1952 revolution. He started being a dreamy idealistic writer, and turned into another one, more realistic and committed in his literary work. Our global problematics will hinge on the following issues: what representation of Egypt does Tawfiq al-Hakim's work give? Can we regard his return to ancient myths as a continuity between modern Egypt and ancient Egypt? In a first part, we deal with the two revolutions which have had repercussions on his writings and political vision. The second part will tackle the society of his novel, in which he describes a country seen through a native Egyptian, and the strong ties which link the Egyptian people to their nation. The third part will focus on women and on the fallah, which greatly inspired the writer. The fourth part will be dedicated to the Pharaonic Egypt. We will see how far he has been influenced by ancient Egypt to descibe the modern one. We have relied on a few works of different writers so as to find an authentic link between what he writes and thinks reality and imagination in his works. We will analyse the way he sees, observes and criticizes his own country
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SALAM, ROULA. "Hope in the Most Unlikely Spaces: Thawra and the Contemporary Arabic Novel". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6762.
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In the early to mid-twentieth century, many novelists in the Arab world championed Arab nationalism in their literary reflections on the social and political struggles of their countries, depicting these struggles primarily in terms of spatial binaries that pitted the Arab world against the West, even as they imported Western literary models of progress and modernity into their own work. The intense experience of national awakening that infused their writing often placed these authors at a literary disadvantage, for in their literature, all too often the depth and diversity of Arabic cultures and the complexity of socio-political struggles across the Arab world were undermined by restrictive spatial discourses that tended to focus only on particular versions of Arab history and on a seemingly unifying national predicament. Between the Arab defeat of 1967 and the present day, however, an increasing number of Arab authors have turned to less restrictive forms of spatial discourse in search of a language that might offer alternative narratives of hope beyond the predictable, and seemingly thwarted, trajectories of nationalism. This study traces the ways in which contemporary Arab authors from Egypt and the Sudan have endeavoured to re-think and re-define the Arab identity in ever-changing spaces where elements of the local and the global, the traditional and the modern, interact both competitively and harmoniously. I examine the spatial language and the tropes used in three Arabic novels, viewing them through the lens of thawra (revolution) in both its socio-political and artistic manifestations. Linking the manifestations of thawra in each text to different scenes of revolution in the Arab world today, in Chapter Two, I consider how, at a stage when the Sudan of the sixties was both still dealing with colonial withdrawal and struggling to establish itself as a nation-state, the geographical and textual landscapes of Tayeb Salih‟s Season of Migration to the North depict the ongoing dilemma of the Sudanese identity. In Chapter Three, I examine Alaa
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al-Aswany‟s The Yacoubian Building in the context of a socially diseased and politically corrupt Egypt of the nineties: social, political, modern, historical, local, and global elements intertwine in a dizzyingly complex spatial network of associations that sheds light on the complicated reasons behind today‟s Egyptian thawra. In Chapter Four, the final chapter, Gamal al-Ghitani‟s approach to his Egypt in Pyramid Texts drifts far away from Salih‟s anguished Sudan and al-Aswany‟s chaotic Cairo to a realm where thawra manifests itself artistically in a sophisticated spatial language that challenges all forms of spatial hegemony and, consequently, old and new forms of social, political, and cultural oppression in the Arab world.Thesis (Ph.D, English) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-27 13:18:25.303
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Melhi, M., Stanley S. Ipson i W. Booth. "A novel triangulation procedure for thinning hand-written text". 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3827.
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NoThis paper describes a novel procedure for thinning binary text images by generating graphical representations of words within the image. A smoothed polygonal approximation of the boundaries of each word is first decomposed into a set of contiguous triangles. Each triangle is then classified into one of only three possible types from which a graph is generated that represents the topological features of the object. Joining graph points with straight lines generates a final polygon skeleton that, by construction, is one pixel wide and fully connected. Results of applying the procedure to thinning Arabic and English handwriting are presented. Comparisons of skeleton structure and execution time with results from alternative techniques are also presented. The procedure is considerably faster than the alternatives tested when the image resolution is greater than 600 dpi and the graphical representation often needed in subsequent recognition steps is available without further processing.
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Shmookler, Max. "The Levantine Maqāma Before the Nahḍa and Beyond the Novel". Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-ebqy-8p91.
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This dissertation is a study of Arabic narrative forms and writing practices on the cusp of modernity. It is set in and around the Ottoman provinces of Mount Lebanon, and spans the period from the late-eighteenth century to the mid-nineteenth century. Through the study of four maqāma collections composed between the 1770s and 1856, this project offers a microhistory of a literary form before and during its earliest encounter with the Nahḍa, or Arab renaissance in the mid-nineteenth century. These highly self-reflexive maqāma collections not only shed light on practices of textuality prior to the spread of print journals and the “new” reading public in the mid-nineteenth century, but also provide an empirical basis for furthering the critique of the centrality of the novel to the definition and periodization of Arabic literary modernity. In its broadest ambition, however, this project is a search for a new theoretical language to describe this maqāma corpus and, through it, key facets of the genre in the modern period.
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Ziajka, Anna Rose. "Intimate encounters : the materiality of translation in Egyptian novels of the late Nahḍa". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/24346.
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Foucault described translation as an instance of two languages colliding; Spivak calls translation “the most intimate act of reading.” Considering the two Egyptian novels ‘Uṣfūr min al-sharq by Tawfīq al-Ḥakīm (1938) and Qindīl umm hāshim by Yaḥyā Ḥaqqī (1944), this paper argues that the particularly subtle type of translation that they employ from French and English into Arabic can be best analyzed with a theoretical model of translation that, following Foucault and Spivak, emphasizes the material properties of languages, and specifically, their capacity to engage each other physically through acts of colliding, coupling, and reproducing.
Such a method of analysis suggests fruitful new implications for looking at how language and literature traveled between Egypt and Europe during the so-called Arab Renaissance (the nahḍa) of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, including what possibilities for the Arabic language might have emerged in its intimate engagement with the languages of the European other. Moreover, this model of translation allows us to move beyond the politicized paradigms that dominate the field of contemporary translation studies and embrace the contradictions and paradoxes inherent in any encounter between cultures, societies, and languages, and in any act of translation.text
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Cochran, Jesse. "Characterization of Novel Whale Shark Aggregations at Shib Habil, Saudi Arabia and Mafia Island, Tanzania". Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/336799.
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Passive acoustic monitoring has been successfully used on many elasmobranch species, but no such study has yet been published for the whale shark (Rhincodon typus). In some ways this is surprising as the known whale shark aggregation sites would seem to be ideal targets for this method. For this dissertation, two acoustic studies were carried out in Saudi Arabia and Tanzania. Each was performed in parallel with visual surveys and the Saudi population was also studied using satellite telemetry. Sighting and acoustic data were compared at both sites, and the results were mixed. The acoustic monitoring largely confirmed the results of visual surveys for the Saudi Arabian sharks, including seasonality, residency and a degree of parity and integration between the sexes that is unique to this site. Satellite tracks of tagged Saudi sharks were used to confirm that some animals migrated away from the aggregation site before returning in subsequent seasons, confirming philopatric behavior in this species. In contrast, the acoustic results in Tanzania demonstrated year-round residency of whale sharks in the area, despite seasonal declines in visually estimated abundance. Seasonal changes in habitat selection render the sharks at this site temporarily cryptic to visual sampling. The differing results are compelling because both the philopatric behavior demonstrated in Saudi Arabia and the cryptic residency of the Tanzanian sharks could explain the seasonal patterns in whale shark abundances reported at other aggregation sites. Despite their differences, both sites in this study can be classified as secondary whale shark nurseries and each may be a vital feeding ground for its respective population.
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"Exploring the Linguistic and the Discourse-pragmatic Functions of Arabic Yaʕni in a Novel Context of Language Use". Doctoral diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.51591.
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abstract: Yaʕni ‘lit. he/it signifies/means/intends’ is an arising linguistic and discourse-pragmatic phenomenon in many varieties and speech situations of spoken Arabic. Yet, the few scholarly investigations yaʕni has received come from restricted and limited contexts of language use. The primary aims of this dissertation were to, first, expand and broaden research on Arabic yaʕni into novel contexts of language use and to, second, explore the linguistic and the discourse-pragmatic functions of yaʕni. Therefore, the data used for this dissertation were collected, selected, and analyzed from a sample of spoken data brought from two episodes of a Saudi sports TV show Alkurah Tatakallam ‘lit. the ball speaks.’ The analytical procedures and discussions showed that yaʕni had the following types of linguistic and discourse-pragmatic functions: as (a) a verb, (b) elaboration and turn expansion, (c) repair organization, (d) managing the turn-taking system, (e) alleviation and hedging, (f) marking concessive/contrastive relations, and (g) emphatic yaʕni. The discussions seemed to suggest the gradual solidification of three views: First, there is a suggestion that the categorical status ranging from verb yaʕni to the discourse marker yaʕni can be understood in terms of scalarity, gradience, and prototypicality. Second, there is another suggestion that gradations can also be located between the discourse-pragmatic functions of yaʕni. Third, there is a suggestion that, synchronically and diachronically, yaʕni as a form has been wildly drifting from its categorical verb status, lexical source, propositional meaning, and even its discourse-pragmatic markerhood. The analysis, discussions, and suggestions invoked the idea of bridging context(s) related to the categorical status and the discourse-pragmatic functions of yaʕni. This categorical status of yaʕni puts the binary distinction between conceptual meaning and procedural meaning of relevance theory, and the studies of yaʕni following such a binary distinction, into question since this distinction seemed blurry. The bridging context(s) seemed to support the gradualness and the directionality of the evolution of DMs. Therefore, the categorical and discourse-pragmatic behavior of yaʕni seems to have support from the hypothesis and theories such as grammaticalization and pragmaticalization. It seems also that the historical development of yaʕni can be discussed in terms of the hypothesis and theories of idiomaticization and phraseology.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Linguistics and Applied Linguistics 2018
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Abdelbaky, Ashraf. "A critical study of social stratification in selected novels by Abdel Rahman al-Sharqawi and Chinua Achebe". Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1432689.
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Higher Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)This study examines social stratification in the Egyptian society before and after the 1952 revolution, as represented in Abdel Rahman al-Sharqawi’s novels al-Ard (1954) and al-Fallah (1967). It also analyses the pre-colonial and colonial Nigerian Igbo society represented in Chinua Achebe’s novels Things Fall Apart (1958) and Arrow of God (1964). In doing so, the study draws upon Max Weber’s three-dimensional approach of social stratification ( class, status, and party) to interrogate these societies. Through using this methodology, I am not only interpreting social stratification in these novels but also presenting how the authors try to critique their society and how they use literature to introduce their specific agendas. Both Egypt and Nigeria have unique histories, cultures, and social structures. Examining social stratification in the chosen Egyptian and Nigerian novels provides new angles of discussion on religion, culture, and postcolonialism. The colonial and postcolonial encounters of these two countries not only continue to recur today but continue to determine the destiny of millions of people. This analysis argues that social order representations in these societies show that al-Sharqawi’s novels develop a new form of socialist realism (i.e., new realism) and that Achebe’s novels employ ethnographic realism. This study redirects the scholar’s attention to the fields of socialist realism and ethnographic realism in literature.
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Jeníková, Jitka. "Obraz sexuality v moderním arabském románu". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371324.
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The intention of this doctoral thesis is to present a comprehensive account of the evolution of the way sex and sexuality are portrayed in modern Arabic novel and put it in the context of given era, culture and religion. On a selected sample of 30 novels printed between 1934 and 2009 we can trace clear evolution of the central themes, all of which are constantly present throughout the hundred-years-existence of modern Arabic novel. For the sake of greater comprehensibility the thesis is split in two big parts, i.e. female and male sexuality, and further arranged into thematic subchapters all of which discuss specific issues related either to male or female sexuality. Furthermore, individual chapters deal with the topic in general, put it in proper cultural-religious framework and fill in all available historical and statistical data. Next comes the part dedicated to analysis of selected novels portraying sex a sexuality with excerpts translated directly from primary sources. Aside from peculiar themes typical for Arabic culture such as honor, virginity and related issue of honor killings this thesis discusses the way modern Arabic novels deals with both female and male homosexuality, discovering one's body and masturbation, abortion, sexual violence, impotence, infertility and prostitution. Also it...