Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Non-linear Control

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Non-linear Control”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 25 maja 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Non-linear Control"

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Javadi Moghaddam, Jalal, Ghasem Zarei, Davood Momeni i Hamideh Faridi. "Non-linear control model for use in greenhouse climate control systems". Research in Agricultural Engineering 68, No. 1 (23.03.2022): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/37/2021-rae.

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In this study, a non-linear control system was designed and proposed to control the greenhouse climate conditions. This control system directly uses the information of sensors, installed inside and outside the greenhouse. To design this proposed control system, the principles of a non-linear control system and the concepts of equilibrium points and zero dynamics of system theories were used. To show the capability and applicability of the proposed control system, it was compared with an integral sliding mode controller. A greenhouse with similar climatic conditions was used to simulate the performance of the integral sliding mode controller. In this study, it was seen that the integral sliding mode control system was more accurate; however, the actuator signals sent by this control system were not smooth. It could damage and depreciate the greenhouse equipment more quickly than the proposed non-linear control system. It was also shown that the regulation of the temperature and humidity was performed very smoothly by changing the reference signals according to the weather conditions outside the greenhouse. The ability of these two control systems was graphically demonstrated for temperature and humidity responses as well as for the signals sent to the actuators.
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Willis, M. J., M. T. Tham, G. A. Montague i A. J. Morris. "Non-Linear Predictive Control". IFAC Proceedings Volumes 24, nr 1 (styczeń 1991): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)51298-7.

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Haddad, Wassim M., Vijaysekhar Chellaboina, Jerry L. Fausz i Alexander Leonessa. "Optimal non-linear robust control for non-linear uncertain systems". International Journal of Control 73, nr 4 (styczeń 2000): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002071700219687.

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Sewell, Tazden, Jared Padayachee i Glen C. Snedden. "Non-linear AUV Controller Design Using Logic-Based Switching PID Control". International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research 13, nr 2 (2024): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmerr.13.2.227-240.

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The inspection of pipes without stopping pipeline operations is of industrial interest due to the inherent economic benefits. A pipe inspection robot design is proposed together with a suitable motion controller. The proposed robot is an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) architecture that does not require shunting, draining or unearthing pipework for inspection purposes. This posed the challenge of controlling the AUV through a narrow pipe where manouvers are restricted. A set of general non-linear equations of motion were identified and refined using existing research and strip theory. The non-linear analytical model was implemented in Simulink to enable real-time monitoring and controller tuning. A non-linear controller based on a combination of classical PID theory and switching logic was developed to control the platform. The controller was transplanted into a Hardware-in-Loop (HIL) testing model developed with the Arduino and Simulink software suites. Pool tests measuring the parameters pitch and yaw angles showed that when operated independently with a 5° input, the maximum overshoot was 0.5° or 10% of the command value with a maximum angular velocity of 1.25°/s. When operated simultaneously, the overshoot rose to 30% with a constant error in the region of 1° over the target. Distance readings conducted with ultrasonic sensors to the pipe wall showed constant Sway-Heave bias errors from the centerline as −5 mm, and 4 mm, respectively, with an error range of 4 mm / −7 mm for Sway and 6 mm/ −4 mm for Heave. Pitch and heave motions were up to 18% faster than yaw and sway motions due to actuator orientation, with speeds of 6.25°/s and 40.57 mm/s, respectively. Despite the turbulence present during tests, the controller successfully drove the AUV to target positions through active flow and presented a reasonable basis for further refinement.
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YOSHINE, KATSUMI, i NAOHIRO ISHII. "Non-linear analysis of a linear-non-linear-linear system". International Journal of Systems Science 23, nr 4 (kwiecień 1992): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207729208949235.

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Chapman, M. J., K. R. Godfrey, M. J. Chappell i N. D. Evans. "Structural identifiability of non-linear systems using linear/non-linear splitting". International Journal of Control 76, nr 3 (styczeń 2003): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0020717031000067420.

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Ouyang, H., G. P. Liu, D. Rees i W. Hu. "Predictive control of networked non-linear control systems". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 221, nr 3 (maj 2007): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09596518jsce271.

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AMMAN, HANS M., i HENK JAGER. "Constrained control algorithm for non-linear control problems". International Journal of Systems Science 19, nr 9 (styczeń 1988): 1781–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207728808964075.

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Liu, Yusheng. "Robust adaptive control of uncertain non-linear systems with non-linear parameterisation". International Journal of Modelling, Identification and Control 1, nr 2 (2006): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmic.2006.010091.

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Spurgeon, S. K. "Non-Linear Control for Uncertain Systems". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 208, nr 4 (listopad 1994): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_333_02.

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This paper presents a review of a number of state-of-the-art non-linear control design techniques which may be readily applied to solve practical problems in a robust fashion. It is first shown that non-linear controllers may be designed using straightforward linear models with minimal recourse to abstract mathematical concepts. More involved philosophies for robust control system design of inherently non-linear plants are then briefly described. A straightforward yet rigorous design framework is then presented to implement the philosophy. Tutorial examples are presented throughout the paper in order to illustrate major points of interest.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Non-linear Control"

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Townsend, Shane Martin Joseph. "Non-linear model predictive control". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301061.

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Neff, Andrew. "Linear and non-linear control of a quadrotor UAV". Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1181251774/.

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Mhana, Khalid Jalal. "Optimal control of non-linear systems". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412720.

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Pechev, Alexandre Nikolov. "Robust linear and non-linear control of magnetically levitated systems". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2004. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55944/.

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The two most advanced applications of contactless magnetic levitation are high-speed magnetic bearings and magnetically levitated vehicles (Maglev) for ground transportation using superconducting magnets and controlled d.c. electromagnets. The repulsion force from superconducting magnets provide stable levitation with low damping, while the suspension force generated by electromagnets is inherently unstable. This instability, due to the in verse force-distance relationship, requires the addition of feedback controllers to sustain stable suspension. The problem of controlling magnetically levitated systems using d.c. electromagnets under different operating conditions has been studied in this thesis with a design process primarily driven by experimental results from a representative single-magnet test rig and a multi-magnet vehicle. The controller-design stages are presented in detail and close relationships have been constructed between selection of performance criteria for the derivation process and desired suspension characteristics. Both linear and nonlinear stabilising compensators have been developed. Simulation and experimental results have been studied in parallel to assess operational stability and the main emphasis has been given to assessing performance under different operational conditions. For the experimental work, a new digital signal processor-based hardware platform has been designed, built with interface to Matlab/Simulink. The controller design methods and algorithmic work presented in this thesis can be divided into: non-adaptive, adaptive, optimal linear and nonlinear. Adaptive algorithms based on model reference control have been developed to improve the performance of the suspension system in the presence of considerable variations in external payload and force disturbances. New design methods for Maglev suspension have been developed using robust control theory (%oo and fi synthesis). Single- and multi-magnet control problems have been treated using the same framework. A solution to the Hoo controller-optimisation problem has been derived and applied to Maglev control. The sensitivity to robustness has been discussed and tools for assessing the robustness of the closed-loop system in terms of sustaining stability and performance in the presence of uncertainties in the suspension model have been presented. Multivariable controllers based on %00 and /i synthesis have been developed for a laboratory scale experimental vehicle weighing 88 kg with four suspension magnets, and experimental results have been derived to show superiority of the proposed design methods in terms of ability to deal with external disturbances. The concept of Hoo control has been extended to the nonlinear setting using the concepts of energy and dissipativity, and nonlinear state-feedback and out put-feed back controllers for Maglev have been developed and reported. Simulation and experimental results have been presented to show the improved performance of these controllers to attenuate guideway-induced disturbances while maintaining acceptable suspension qualities and larger operational bandwidth.
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Petridis, Anthemios Philemon. "Non-linear robust control of S.I. engines". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399231.

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Hong, Tao. "Non-linear predictive control of chemical processes". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245078.

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Baek, Kwang-Hyun. "Non-linear optimisation problems in active control". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243131.

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Ganapathy, Annadurai Shathiyakkumar. "Non-Linear Electromechanical System Dynamics". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1799.

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Electromechanical systems dynamics analysis is approached through nonlinear differential equations and further creating a state space model for the system. There are three modules analyzed and validated, first module consists two magnet coupled with a mass spring damper system as a band-pass system, Low-pass equivalent system and Low-pass equivalent system through perturbation analysis. Initially Band Pass frameworks for the systems are formulated considering the relation between the mechanical forcing and current. Using Mathematical tools such as Hilbert transforms, Low-Pass equivalent of the systems are derived. The state equations of the systems are then used to design a working model in MATLAB and simulations investigated completely. The scope of the modules discussed for further development of tools various applications.
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Yung, K. L. "Microprocessor based non-linear adaptive controller". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2492.

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The advent of microprocessors has created the possibility of developing low cost adaptive controllers for small process plants which in the past badly needed but could not afford such controllers. To examine the practicality of developing advanced low cost microprocessor based controller, this thesis describes the development of a non-linear adaptive controller for a nylon crimping plant which is a typical example of small process plants. In order to test the algorithm on site, an algorithm development/implement device basing on a novel multi-tasking concept was developed. This novel microprocessor based device can perform program development, on-line algorithm test and data logging at the same time, while, still maintaining its small size for easy transportation. When the control algorithm was fully developed and tested, a low cost dedicated controller using an Intel 8085 processor was designed to house the algorithm and as a direct replacement of the original analogue controller.
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Fontes, Fernando Armenio Da Costa Castro. "Optimisation-based control of constrained non linear systems". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299453.

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Książki na temat "Non-linear Control"

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Laurent, Praly, Marino Riccardo i Kanellakopoulos Ioannis, red. Adaptive non-linear control. Chichester: John Wiley, 1992.

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Romeo, Ortega, i Kelly Rafael, red. Non-linear and adaptive robot control. Chichester: Wiley, 1990.

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Systems & control: An introduction to linear, sampled & non-linear systems. Singapore: World Scientific, 1995.

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Fantoni, Isabelle, i Rogelio Lozano. Non-linear Control for Underactuated Mechanical Systems. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0177-2.

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Hall, Stephen. Optimal control of stochastic non-linear models. London: Bank of England, 1988.

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R, Lozano, red. Adaptive control, non-linear systems and robotics. Chichester: John Wiley, 1996.

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Linear systems: Non-fragile control and filtering. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2013.

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Fantoni, Isabelle. Non-linear Control for Underactuated Mechanical Systems. London: Springer London, 2002.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Non-linear unsteady wing theory. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Non-linear unsteady wing theory. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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Części książek na temat "Non-linear Control"

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Gawronski, Wodek. "Non-Linear Control". W Mechanical Engineering Series, 157–82. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78793-0_11.

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Sáez, Doris, Aldo Cipriano i Andrzej W. Ordys. "Non-Linear Predictive Control". W Advances in Industrial Control, 33–46. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0113-0_3.

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Sabatier, Jocelyn, Christophe Farges i Vincent Tartaglione. "Non-linear Models". W Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering, 69–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96749-9_6.

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Vepa, Ranjan. "Aircraft Non-Linear Dynamics". W Flight Dynamics, Simulation, and Control, 97–136. Wyd. 2. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266310-4.

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Hyde, Richard Alden. "Limiters and Non-Linear Aspects". W H∞ Aerospace Control Design, 163–71. London: Springer London, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3049-9_13.

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Ackermann, Jürgen. "Value Sets for Non-linear Coefficient Functions". W Robust Control, 362–94. London: Springer London, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0207-6_9.

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Crescitelli, S. "Non-linear Process Analysis". W Nonlinear Dynamics and Control in Process Engineering — Recent Advances, 105–27. Milano: Springer Milan, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2208-9_7.

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Hu, Tingshu, i Zongli Lin. "Linear Systems with Non-Actuator Saturation". W Control Systems with Actuator Saturation, 327–73. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0205-9_14.

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Gomez, Faustino, Jürgen Schmidhuber i Risto Miikkulainen. "Efficient Non-linear Control Through Neuroevolution". W Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 654–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11871842_64.

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Pucci, Marcello. "Non-linear Control Techniques of LIMs". W Advanced Linear Machines and Drive Systems, 227–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9616-8_7.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Non-linear Control"

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Galindo, R., i R. F. Ngwompo. "A bond graph pseudo-junction structure for non-linear non-conservative systems". W 2016 UKACC 11th International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2016.7737563.

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Chang, R. J. "Optimal Linear Feedback Control for Non-Linear-Non-Quadratic-Non-Gaussian Problems". W 1990 American Control Conference. IEEE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.1990.4790782.

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Zhang, J. "Non-linear performance monitoring". W UKACC International Conference on Control. Control '96. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19960676.

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Moreno-Ramirez, C., i M. Tomas-Rodriguez. "Non linear optimization of a sport motorcycle's suspension interconnection system". W 2014 UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2014.6915160.

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Zhang, Kaixuan, Ruiye Liu i Zhizhong Guo. "Non-linear time-delay robust control for steam turbine generator units". W 2016 UKACC 11th International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2016.7737614.

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Chadeev, V. M. "Structure identification of non-linear objects with piecewise-linear characteristics". W UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL '98). IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19980220.

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Bhaskar, M. Arun, S. S. Dash, C. Subramani, M. Jagadeesh Kumar, Deepika Harish i R. Shalini. "Non Linear Control of STATCOM". W 2010 International Conference on Recent Trends in Information, Telecommunication and Computing (ITC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itc.2010.79.

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Steffen, T., R. Dixon i R. Goodall. "Invariant control of non-linear elements in a stacked High Redundancy Actuator". W 2012 UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/control.2012.6334599.

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Bolender, Michael, i David Doman. "Non-linear Control Allocation Using Piecewise Linear Functions". W AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2003-5357.

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Quintero, J., A. Barrado, M. Sanz i A. Lazaro. "Digital control with asynchronous Linear-non-Linear compensator". W 2008 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC 2008. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apec.2008.4522766.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Non-linear Control"

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Gallardo, J. C. Control of non-linear space-charge emittance growth. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6732955.

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Lubowa, Nasser, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn i Kari L. Clase. Pharmaceutical Industry in Uganda: A Review of the Common GMP Non-conformances during Regulatory Inspections. Purdue University, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317442.

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The prevalence of substandard medicines in Africa is high but not well documented. Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) are likely to face considerable challenges with substandard medications. Africa faces inadequate drug regulatory practices, and in general, compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in most of the pharmaceutical industries is lacking. The majority of pharmaceutical manufacturers in developing countries are often overwhelmed by the GMP requirements and therefore are unable to operate in line with internationally acceptable standards. Non-conformances observed during regulatory inspections provide the status of the compliance to GMP requirements. The study aimed to identify the GMP non-conformances during regulatory inspections and gaps in the production of pharmaceuticals locally manufactured in Uganda by review of the available 50 GMP reports of 21 local pharmaceutical companies in Uganda from 2016. The binary logistic generalized estimating equations (GEE) model was applied to estimate the association between odds of a company failing to comply with the GMP requirements and non-conformances under each GMP inspection parameter. Analysis using dummy estimation to linear regression included determination of the relationship that existed between the selected variables (GMP inspection parameters) and the production capacity of the local pharmaceutical industry. Oral liquids, external liquid preparations, powders, creams, and ointments were the main categories of products manufactured locally. The results indicated that 86% of the non-conformances were major, 11% were minor, and 3% critical. The majority of the non-conformances were related to production (30.1%), documentation (24.5%), and quality control (17.6%). Regression results indicated that for every non-conformance under premises, equipment, and utilities, there was a 7-fold likelihood of the manufacturer failing to comply with the GMP standards (aOR=6.81, P=0.001). The results showed that major non-conformances were significantly higher in industries of small scale (B=6.77, P=0.02) and medium scale (B=8.40, P=0.04), as compared to those of large scale. This study highlights the failures in quality assurance systems and stagnated GMP improvements in these industries that need to be addressed by the manufacturers with support from the regulator. The addition of risk assessment to critical production and quality control operations and establishment of appropriate corrective and preventive actions as part of quality management systems are required to ensure that quality pharmaceuticals are manufactured locally.
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Berlinski, Samuel. Helping Struggling Students and Benefiting All: Peer Effects in Primary Education. Inter-American Development Bank, maj 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004268.

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We exploit the randomized evaluation of a remedying education intervention that improved the reading skills of low-performing third grade students in Colombia, to study whether providing educational support to low-achieving students affects the academic performance of their higher-achieving classmates. We find that the test scores of non-treated children in treatment schools increased by 0.108 of a standard deviation compared to similar children in control schools. We interpret the reduced-form effect on higher-achieving students as a spillover effect within treated schools. We then estimate a linear-in-means model of peer effects, finding that a one-standard-deviation increase in peers' contemporaneous achievement increases individual test scores by 0.679 of a standard deviation. We rule out alternative explanations coming from a reduction in class size. We explore several mechanisms, including teachers' effort, students' misbehavior, and peer-to-peer interactions. Our findings show that policies aimed at improving the bottom of the achievement distribution have the potential to generate social-multiplier effects that benefit all.
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Hefetz, Abraham, i Justin O. Schmidt. Use of Bee-Borne Attractants for Pollination of Nonrewarding Flowers: Model System of Male-Sterile Tomato Flowers. United States Department of Agriculture, październik 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586462.bard.

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The use of bee natural product for enhancing pollination is especially valuable in problematic crops that are generally avoided by bees. In the present research we attempted to enhance bee visitation to Male Sterile (M-S) tomato flowers generally used in the production of hybrid seeds. These flowers that lack both pollen and nectar are unattractive to bees that learn rapidly to avoid them. The specific objects were to elucidate the chemical composition of the exocrine products of two bumble bee species the North American Bombus impatiens and the Israeli B. terrestris. Of these, to isolate and identify a bee attractant which when sprayed on M-S tomato flowers will enhance bee visitation, and to provide a procedure of the pheromone application regime. During the research we realized that our knowledge of B. impatiens is too little and we narrowed the objective to learning the basic social behavior of the bees and the pattern of foraging in a flight chamber and how it is affected by biogenic amines. Colonies of B. impatiens are characterized by a high number of workers and a relatively small number of queens. Size differences between queens and workers are pronounced and the queen seems to have full control over egg laying. Only about 9% of the workers in mature colonies had mature oocytes, and there were no signs of a "competition phase" as we know in B. terrestris. Queens and workers differ in their exocrine bouquet. Queen's Dufour's gland possesses a series of linear, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons whereas that of workers contains in addition a series of wax-type esters. Bees were trained to either visit or avoid artificially scented electronic flowers in a flight chamber. Since bee also learned to avoid scented non-rewarding flowers we attempted to interfere with this learning. We tested the effect of octopamine, a biogenic amine affecting bee behavior, on the choice behavior of free-flying bumblebees. Our results show that octopamine had no significant effect on the bees' equilibrium choice or on the overall rate of the behavioral change in response to the change in reward. Rather, octopamine significantly affected the time interval between the change in reward status and the initiation of behavioral change in the bee. In B. terrestris we studied the foraging pattern of the bees on tomato flowers in a semi commercial greenhouse in Yad Mordechai. Bee learned very quickly to avoid the non- rewarding M-S flowers, irrespective of their arrangement in the plot, i.e., their mixing with normal, pollen bearing flowers. However, bees seem to "forget" this information during the night since the foraging pattern repeats itself the next morning. Several exocrine products were tested as visitation enhancers. Among these, tarsal gland extracts are the most attractive. The compounds identified in the tarsal gland extract are mostly linear saturated hydrocarbons with small amounts of unsaturated ones. Application was performed every second day on leaves in selected inflorescences. Bee visitation increased significantly in the treated inflorescences as compared to the control, solvent treated. Treatment of the anthers cone was more effective than on the flower petals or the surrounding leaves. Methanol proved to be a non-flower-destructive solvent. We have shown that bumble bees (B. terrestris) can be manipulated by bee-borne attractants to visit non-rewarding flowers. We have further demonstrated that the bees learning ability can be manipulated by applying exogenously octopamine. Both methods can be additively applied in enhancing pollination of desired crops. Such manipulation will be especially useful in tomato cultivation for hybrid seed production.
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5

Altstein, Miriam, i Ronald J. Nachman. Rational Design of Insect Control Agent Prototypes Based on Pyrokinin/PBAN Neuropeptide Antagonists. United States Department of Agriculture, sierpień 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593398.bard.

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The general objective of this study was to develop rationally designed mimetic antagonists (and agonists) of the PK/PBAN Np class with enhanced bio-stability and bioavailability as prototypes for effective and environmentally friendly pest insect management agents. The PK/PBAN family is a multifunctional group of Nps that mediates key functions in insects (sex pheromone biosynthesis, cuticular melanization, myotropic activity, diapause and pupal development) and is, therefore, of high scientific and applied interest. The objectives of the current study were: (i) to identify an antagonist biophores (ii) to develop an arsenal of amphiphilic topically active PK/PBAN antagonists with an array of different time-release profiles based on the previously developed prototype analog; (iii) to develop rationally designed non-peptide SMLs based on the antagonist biophore determined in (i) and evaluate them in cloned receptor microplate binding assays and by pheromonotropic, melanotropic and pupariation in vivo assays. (iv) to clone PK/PBAN receptors (PK/PBAN-Rs) for further understanding of receptor-ligand interactions; (v) to develop microplate binding assays for screening the above SMLs. In the course of the granting period A series of amphiphilic PK/PBAN analogs based on a linear lead antagonist from the previous BARD grant was synthesized that incorporated a diverse array of hydrophobic groups (HR-Suc-A[dF]PRLa). Others were synthesized via the attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. A hydrophobic, biostablePK/PBAN/DH analog DH-2Abf-K prevented the onset of the protective state of diapause in H. zea pupae [EC50=7 pmol/larva] following injection into the preceding larval stage. It effectively induces the crop pest to commit a form of ‘ecological suicide’. Evaluation of a set of amphiphilic PK analogs with a diverse array of hydrophobic groups of the formula HR-Suc-FTPRLa led to the identification of analog T-63 (HR=Decyl) that increased the extent of diapause termination by a factor of 70% when applied topically to newly emerged pupae. Another biostablePK analog PK-Oic-1 featured anti-feedant and aphicidal properties that matched the potency of some commercial aphicides. Native PK showed no significant activity. The aphicidal effects were blocked by a new PEGylated PK antagonist analog PK-dF-PEG4, suggesting that the activity is mediated by a PK/PBAN receptor and therefore indicative of a novel and selective mode-of-action. Using a novel transPro mimetic motif (dihydroimidazole; ‘Jones’) developed in previous BARD-sponsored work, the first antagonist for the diapause hormone (DH), DH-Jo, was developed and shown to block over 50% of H. zea pupal diapause termination activity of native DH. This novel antagonist development strategy may be applicable to other invertebrate and vertebrate hormones that feature a transPro in the active core. The research identifies a critical component of the antagonist biophore for this PK/PBAN receptor subtype, i.e. a trans-oriented Pro. Additional work led to the molecular cloning and functional characterization of the DH receptor from H. zea, allowing for the discovery of three other DH antagonist analogs: Drosophila ETH, a β-AA analog, and a dF analog. The receptor experiments identified an agonist (DH-2Abf-dA) with a maximal response greater than native DH. ‘Deconvolution’ of a rationally-designed nonpeptide heterocyclic combinatorial library with a cyclic bis-guanidino (BG) scaffold led to discovery of several members that elicited activity in a pupariation acceleration assay, and one that also showed activity in an H. zea diapause termination assay, eliciting a maximal response of 90%. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a CAP2b antidiuretic receptor from the kissing bug (R. prolixus) as well as the first CAP2b and PK receptors from a tick was also achieved. Notably, the PK/PBAN-like receptor from the cattle fever tick is unique among known PK/PBAN and CAP2b receptors in that it can interact with both ligand types, providing further evidence for an evolutionary relationship between these two NP families. In the course of the granting period we also managed to clone the PK/PBAN-R of H. peltigera, to express it and the S. littoralis-R Sf-9 cells and to evaluate their interaction with a variety of PK/PBAN ligands. In addition, three functional microplate assays in a HTS format have been developed: a cell-membrane competitive ligand binding assay; a Ca flux assay and a whole cell cAMP ELISA. The Ca flux assay has been used for receptor characterization due to its extremely high sensitivity. Computer homology studies were carried out to predict both receptor’s SAR and based on this analysis 8 mutants have been generated. The bioavailability of small linear antagonistic peptides has been evaluated and was found to be highly effective as sex pheromone biosynthesis inhibitors. The activity of 11 new amphiphilic analogs has also been evaluated. Unfortunately, due to a problem with the Heliothis moth colony we were unable to select those with pheromonotropic antagonistic activity and further check their bioavailability. Six peptides exhibited some melanotropic antagonistic activity but due to the low inhibitory effect the peptides were not further tested for bioavailability in S. littoralis larvae. Despite the fact that no new antagonistic peptides were discovered in the course of this granting period the results contribute to a better understanding of the interaction of the PK/PBAN family of Nps with their receptors, provided several HT assays for screening of libraries of various origin for presence of PK/PBAN-Ragonists and antagonists and provided important practical information for the further design of new, peptide-based insecticide prototypes aimed at the disruption of key neuroendocrine physiological functions in pest insects.
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Conlin, Matthew, Nicholas Cohn i Peter Adams. Total water level controls on the trajectory of dune toe retreat. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), listopad 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47921.

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This study examines the trajectory (slope) of coastal foredune toe retreat in response to nine storm events that impacted the Outer Banks, North Carolina, USA. High resolution, three-dimensional, repeat mobile terrestrial lidar observations over a four kilometer stretch of coast were used to assess spatiotemporal beach and dune evolution at the storm timescale. Consistent with existing field observations from other sandy coastlines, an upward toe retreat was observed for most instances of dune retreat in the Outer Banks. However, these new topographic data indicate that the retreat can proceed steeply downward when the maximum total water level (TWL) defined by the 2% runup exceedance level is not high enough, for long enough, to erode the dune face. Non-linear relationships were found between the dune toe retreat trajectory as well as both the magnitude and duration of TWL above the dune toe, where instances of upward- and downward-directed retreat are best differentiated using the 7% runup exceedance level, rather than the commonly used 2% level. This physically justified non-linear relationship is shown to be consistent with observations from other studies, and could be a more effective parameterization for the retreat trajectory than those currently implemented in wave-impact dune erosion models.
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Straub, Stéphane. Empirical Determinants of Good Institutions: Do We Know Anything? Inter-American Development Bank, czerwiec 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011558.

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Abundant empirical evidence links well-functioning institutions and good governance to better economic and social outcomes. It is thus an important challenge to determine which conjunction of factors produces better institutions. Along this line, the objective of this paper is twofold. First, it examines the existing results of the literature on this matter in a critical way, tries to assess their robustness, and explores alternative methodology. Second, it makes use of a more comprehensive database, including all the aspects previously analyzed in a separate manner, to derive systematic empirical results. After discussing the traditional robustness checks employed, for example, in the empirical growth literature, which appear to be of limited usefulness, we introduce factor analysis as a preliminary step toward model specification and subsequently perform multiple regression analysis. Of the four levels of explanation that we identify, namely control and historical variables, the nature of the political game, the size and nature of existing rents to be allocated, and the nature and quality of bureaucratic incentives, the later appears to be the more clearly linked to institutional quality. However, the results prove not robust when dealing with endogeneity problems. Various kinds of interactions and non-linear effects are also investigated, yielding no clear insights. We conclude regarding the fragility of existing data, in particular with respect to the incentive structure, and the need for a better theoretical understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
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Visser, R., H. Kao, R. M. H. Dokht, A. B. Mahani i S. Venables. A comprehensive earthquake catalogue for northeastern British Columbia: the northern Montney trend from 2017 to 2020 and the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area from 2019 to 2020. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329078.

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To increase our understanding of induced seismicity, we develop and implement methods to enhance seismic monitoring capabilities in northeastern British Columbia (NE BC). We deploy two different machine learning models to identify earthquake phases using waveform data from regional seismic stations and utilize an earthquake database management system to streamline the construction and maintenance of an up-to-date earthquake catalogue. The completion of this study allows for a comprehensive catalogue in NE BC from 2014 to 2020 by building upon our previous 2014-2016 and 2017-2018 catalogues. The bounds of the area where earthquakes were located were between 55.5°N-60.0°N and 119.8°W-123.5°W. The earthquakes in the catalogue were initially detected by machine learning models, then reviewed by an analyst to confirm correct identification, and finally located using the Non-Linear Location (NonLinLoc) algorithm. Two distinct sub-areas within the bounds consider different periods to supplement what was not covered in previously published reports - the Northern Montney Trend (NMT) is covered from 2017 to 2020 while the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area (KSMMA) is covered from 2019 to 2020. The two sub-areas are distinguished by the BC Oil & Gas Commission (BCOGC) due to differences in their geographic location and geology. The catalogue was produced by picking arrival phases on continuous seismic waveforms from 51 stations operated by various organizations in the region. A total of 17,908 events passed our quality control criteria and are included in the final catalogue. Comparably, the routine Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN) catalogue reports 207 seismic events - all events in the CNSN catalogue are present in our catalogue. Our catalogue benefits from the use of enhanced station coverage and improved methodology. The total number of events in our catalogue in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 62, 47, 9579 and 8220, respectively. The first two years correspond to seismicity in the NMT where poor station coverage makes it difficult to detect small magnitude events. The magnitude of completeness within the KSMMA (ML = ~0.7) is significantly smaller than that obtained for the NMT (ML = ~1.4). The new catalogue is released with separate files for origins, arrivals, and magnitudes which can be joined using the unique ID assigned to each event.
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Oliynyk, Kateryna, i Matteo Ciantia. Application of a finite deformation multiplicative plasticity model with non-local hardening to the simulation of CPTu tests in a structured soil. University of Dundee, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001230.

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In this paper an isotropic hardening elastoplastic constitutive model for structured soils is applied to the simulation of a standard CPTu test in a saturated soft structured clay. To allow for the extreme deformations experienced by the soil during the penetration process, the model is formulated in a fully geometric non-linear setting, based on: i) the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into an elastic and a plastic part; and, ii) on the existence of a free energy function to define the elastic behaviour of the soil. The model is equipped with two bonding-related internal variables which provide a macroscopic description of the effects of clay structure. Suitable hardening laws are employed to describe the structure degradation associated to plastic deformations. The strain-softening associated to bond degradation usually leads to strain localization and consequent formation of shear bands, whose thickness is dependent on the characteristics of the microstructure (e.g, the average grain size). Standard local constitutive models are incapable of correctly capturing this phenomenon due to the lack of an internal length scale. To overcome this limitation, the model is framed using a non-local approach by adopting volume averaged values for the internal state variables. The size of the neighbourhood over which the averaging is performed (characteristic length) is a material constant related to the microstructure which controls the shear band thickness. This extension of the model has proven effective in regularizing the pathological mesh dependence of classical finite element solutions in the post-localization regime. The results of numerical simulations, conducted for different soil permeabilities and bond strengths, show that the model captures the development of plastic deformations induced by the advancement of the cone tip; the destructuration of the clay associated with such plastic deformations; the space and time evolution of pore water pressure as the cone tip advances. The possibility of modelling the CPTu tests in a rational and computationally efficient way opens a promising new perspective for their interpretation in geotechnical site investigations.
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Altstein, Miriam, i Ronald Nachman. Rationally designed insect neuropeptide agonists and antagonists: application for the characterization of the pyrokinin/Pban mechanisms of action in insects. United States Department of Agriculture, październik 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587235.bard.

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The general objective of this BARD project focused on rationally designed insect neuropeptide (NP) agonists and antagonists, their application for the characterization of the mechanisms of action of the pyrokinin/PBAN (PK-PBAN) family and the development of biostable, bioavailable versions that can provide the basis for development of novel, environmentally-friendly pest insect control agents. The specific objectives of the study, as originally proposed, were to: (i) Test stimulatory potencies of rationally designed backbone cyclic (BBC) peptides on pheromonotropic, melanotropic, myotropic and pupariation activities; (ii) Test the inhibitory potencies of the BBC compounds on the above activities evoked either by synthetic peptides (PBAN, LPK, myotropin and pheromonotropin) or by the natural endogenous mechanism; (iii) Determine the bioavailability of the most potent BBC compounds that will be found in (ii); (iv) Design, synthesize and examine novel PK/PBAN analogs with enhanced bioavailability and receptor binding; (v) Design and synthesize ‘magic bullet’ analogs and examine their ability to selectively kill cells expressing the PK/PBAN receptor. To achieve these goals the agonistic and antagonistic activities/properties of rationally designed linear and BBC neuropeptide (NP) were thoroughly studied and the information obtained was further used for the design and synthesis of improved compounds toward the design of an insecticide prototype. The study revealed important information on the structure activity relationship (SAR) of agonistic/antagonistic peptides, including definitive identification of the orientation of the Pro residue as trans for agonist activity in 4 PK/PBANbioassays (pheromonotropic, pupariation, melanotropic, & hindgut contractile) and a PK-related CAP₂b bioassay (diuretic); indications that led to the identification of a novel scaffold to develop biostbiostable, bioavailable peptidomimetic PK/PBANagonists/antagonists. The work led to the development of an arsenal of PK/PBAN antagonists with a variety of selectivity profiles; whether between different PKbioassays, or within the same bioassay between different natural elicitors. Examples include selective and non-selective BBC and novel amphiphilic PK pheromonotropic and melanotropic antagonists some of which are capable of penetrating the moth cuticle in efficacious quantities. One of the latter analog group demonstrated unprecedented versatility in its ability to antagonize a broad spectrum of pheromonotropic elicitors. A novel, transPro mimetic motif was proposed & used to develop a strong, selective PK agonist of the melanotropic bioassay in moths. The first antagonist (pure) of PK-related CAP₂b diuresis in flies was developed using a cisPro mimetic motif; an indication that while a transPro orientation is associated with receptor agonism, a cisPro orientation is linked with an antagonist interaction. A novel, biostablePK analog, incorporating β-amino acids at key peptidase-susceptible sites, exhibited in vivo pheromonotropic activity that by far exceeded that of PBAN when applied topically. Direct analysis of neural tissue by state-of-the-art MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry was used to identify specific PK/PK-related peptides native to eight arthropod pest species [house (M. domestica), stable (S. calcitrans), horn (H. irritans) & flesh (N. bullata) flies; Southern cattle fever tick (B. microplus), European tick (I. ricinus), yellow fever mosquito (A. aegypti), & Southern Green Stink Bug (N. viridula)]; including the unprecedented identification of mass-identical Leu/Ile residues and the first identification of NPs from a tick or the CNS of Hemiptera. Evidence was obtained for the selection of Neb-PK-2 as the primary pupariation factor of the flesh fly (N. bullata) among native PK/PK-related candidates. The peptidomic techniques were also used to map the location of PK/PK-related NP in the nervous system of the model fly D. melanogaster. Knowledge of specific PK sequences can aid in the future design of species specific (or non-specific) NP agonists/antagonists. In addition, the study led to the first cloning of a PK/PBAN receptor from insect larvae (S. littoralis), providing the basis for SAR analysis for the future design of 2ⁿᵈgeneration selective and/or nonselective agonists/antagonists. Development of a microplate ligand binding assay using the PK/PBAN pheromone gland receptor was also carried out. The assay will enable screening, including high throughput, of various libraries (chemical, molecular & natural product) for the discovery of receptor specific agonists/antagonists. In summary, the body of work achieves several key milestones and brings us significantly closer to the development of novel, environmentally friendly pest insect management agents based on insect PK/PBANNPs capable of disrupting critical NP-regulated functions.
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