Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „No Logo”

The aims of the Master's Thesis were to find out how the change of the corporate logo of travel agency Strakotour has influenced the business and how the amateur and the expert feel about this innovation. The theoretical part describes the basic concepts of logo creation, corporate design, culture and communication. The logos of big companies and their "stories of success" are explained there too. In the third part I introduce the travel agency Strakotour, its position in the market and the way of communication, which is characterised by the recent change of its corporate logo. Then the practical part shows problematic factors of this innovation: its pros and cons. The research was carried out via focus group and individual personal interviews. The results of the research are well-arranged in tables, graphs and diagrams in the practical part. The most important findings and recommendations can be found in the final parts and in the conclusion of this Master's Thesis.

Šis darbas yra apie Logo vizualines galimybes, jų taikymą. Apžvelgiama vizualizavimo prasmė, vizualizavimas senų senovėje – piešiniai ant uolų, mokykloje – interaktyvi lenta, šiandieniniame gyvenime – kelio ženklai, vaizdinės instrukcijos, kiekviename žmogaus žingsnyje. Išanalizuotos Logo vizualinės galimybės, aprašyta Pieštuvė, aptarta Logo programuojama grafika, vizualinio programavimo prasme įvertinti 10 metų Logo olimpiados pasiekimai. Palygintos tarpusavyje programos: Pieštuvė ir Paint, Pieštuvė ir LogoMotion, Logo ir FreePascal, išskirti jų privalumai ir trūkumai. Darbo metu buvo sukurta programa koordinačių plokštumos mokymui(si). Šios programos, kurioje yra keturios užduotys, mokymosi laiko užtenka vienai pamokai. Mokiniai nuosekliai atlikdami užduotis mokosi jiems sunkiai suprantamą temą "Koordinačių plokštuma". Atliktas eksperimentinis programos tyrimas mokyklose šeštose klasėse. Šis darbas buvo aprašytas, padarytos išvados, parašyta santrauka, pateiktas apžvelgtos literatūros sąrašas.
This work is about Logo visual possibilities and their application. The work provides the review of visualization significance, visualization in foretime – drawings on walls, at school – interactive board, in modern life – road signs, visual instructions, which occur in every step of a human life. Logo visual possibilities were analyzed, Pieštuvė was described, Logo programmed graphics was discussed, Logo Olympiad achievements over 10 years were assessed in the meaning of visual programming. The following programmes were compared: Pieštuvė and Paint, Pieštuvė and LogoMotion, Logo and FreePascal, their advantages and disadvantages were distinguished. During the work, a programme for teaching/learning coordinate plane was designed. The programme, which includes four tasks, is enough to study in one lesson. Performing the tasks coherently, students learn the topic "Coordinate plane", which is difficult for them to understand. Experimental programme survey was carried out at schools with sixth-formers. This work has been described, conclusions have been made, a summary has been written, and the literature list has been provided.

Šis darbas yra apie Logo programavimą mokykloje. Darbe išanalizuota S. Paperto filosofija, kurią gerai apibūdina frazė „mokymasis kuriant“. Apžvelgtos Logo savybės bei skirtingi mokimo stiliai. Išanalizuotos Logo konstravimo–programavimo galimybės. Palygintos mokykloje naudojamos dvi programavimo kalbos Logo ir Pascal, apžvelgtas jų tinkamumas mokimui pagal moksleivio amžių. Darbe apžvelgtos devynios programavimo kalbos, nagrinėtas jų tinkamumas mokymui. Darbe apžvelgti respublikinės Logo olimpiados darbai, išanalizuotas užduočių vyriausiems moksleiviams programavimo užduočių sudėtingumas, moksleivių kūrybiškumas atliekant jas. Atliktas tyrimas su skirtingomis moksleivių grupėmis, kurio metu buvo nustatyta kad pradedant mokinius mokinti nuo procedūrinio programavimo, skatinamas jų savarankiškumas bei ugdomi konstruktyvaus programavimo įgūdžiai. Konstravimo mokymąsi gerai apibūdina frazė „mokymasis kuriant“ (angl. Learning by making). Tokį mokymąsi realizuoti padeda informacinės ir komunikacinės technologijos. Pradininkas – Seymouras Papertas – žymus matematikas, informatikas ir edukologas, vienas iš dirbtinio intelekto teorijos ir Logo programavimo pradininkų. Jau prieš išleidžiant „Minčių audras“ Papretas savo laboratorijoje Masačiusetso technologijos institute tyrinėjo, kokia programinė įranga būtų tinkamiausia vaikams dirbant kompiuteriu. Tada, 7-ajame dešimtmetyje (1967–1968) ir buvo sukurtos pirmosios programos, išreiškiančios S. Paperto Logo idėjas. Pagal įvairių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
This work is about Logo programming at school. The S. Papert‘s philosophy is analyzed, that could be described as „learning by making“. Logo features and different teaching styles were reviewed. Design-programming features of Logo were analyzed. The comparative analysis of two programming languages – Logo and Pascal – was done. Their suitability according the pupil’s age was relieved. Nine programming languages were reviewed and their suitability for teaching was investigated. Olympiad works of the republic of Lithuania were reviewed and the complexity of the tasks for older age pupils was analyzed. The pupils creativity was taken into account also. The research with different groups of pupils was done and it was determined that while starting to teach pupils from procedural programming the independence and constructive programming skills are encouraged. The phrase “Learning by making“ is the best description of the construction learning. The information and communication technologies help to realize such type of learning. Seymour Papert (born February 29, 1928) is well known mathematician, computer scientist, and educator. He is one of the pioneers of artificial intelligence, as well as an inventor of the Logo programming language. Papert in his laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology was searching for the best software for children to work with computer at his researches. Then in 1970-th the first programs that expressed Papert’s ideas were developed... [to full text]

Digital image watermarking is used to protect the copyright of digital images. In this thesis, a novel blind logo image watermarking technique for RGB images is proposed. The proposed technique exploits the error correction capabilities of the Human Visual System (HVS). It embeds two different watermarks in the wavelet/multiwavelet domains. The two watermarks are embedded in different sub-bands, are orthogonal, and serve different purposes. One is a high capacity multi-bit watermark used to embed the logo, and the other is a 1-bit watermark which is used for the detection and reversal of geometrical attacks. The two watermarks are both embedded using a spread spectrum approach, based on a pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence and a unique secret key. Robustness against geometric attacks such as Rotation, Scaling, and Translation (RST) is achieved by embedding the 1-bit watermark in the Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima (WTMM) coefficients of the wavelet transform. Unlike normal wavelet coefficients, WTMM coefficients are shift invariant, and this important property is used to facilitate the detection and reversal of RST attacks. The experimental results show that the proposed watermarking technique has better distortion parameter detection capabilities, and compares favourably against existing techniques in terms of robustness against geometrical attacks such as rotation, scaling, and translation.

Studiens syfte var att i samarbete med företaget Vendanor ta fram en produkt som gör nyckelöverlämning mellan två parter kontaktfri och säker. En marknadsundersökning, kundundersökning och litteraturstudie utfördes följt av identifikation av nödvändiga krav med hjälp av en QFD-matris. Tre koncept genererades med hjälp av mind map, morfologisk matris, personas, modeller, brainstorming och kundresa. Av de tre framtagna koncepten ”Box”, ”Pelare” och ”Logo” var de två förstnämnda nyckelskåp för traditionella nycklar och det sistnämnda för nyckelkort. Volymoch CAD-modeller blev skapade för alla tre koncept. Med hjälp av en Pughs matris bestämdes fortsatt iteration av nyckelskåpet ”Logo”. Riskanalys och scenarier skapades för det valda konceptet. Vidareutvecklingen av koncept ”Logo” innefattade även dimensionering av konceptets motorer, strömtillförsel och lager. En numerisk beräkning i COMSOL utfördes för att säkerställa hållfastheten vid upphängningspunkterna. Den slutgiltiga produktens form är inspirerad av Vendanors logotyp. Produkten har plats för 419 kort och väger ca 30,9 kg. Totalt åtta av produktens delar skal tillverkas. För dessa blevtillverkningsunderlag skapade med hjälp av CAD. 67 av produktens komponenter ska köpas in. Dessa komponenter presenteras i en inköpslista. Nyckelautomaten kan användas kontaktfritt via en smartphone alternativt via skärmen som är centrerad på produktens front. Intressenter för produkten är hotell, campingplatser, gym, simhall och övriga aktörer som använder sig utav nyckelkort.
The purpose of the study was to, in collaboration with Vendanor develop a product that enables key transactions between two parties contactless and safe. A market research, customer survey and literature study were performed followed by an identification of requirements by the help of a QFD matrix. Three concepts were generated with the help of a morphology matrix, mind map, customer journey, models, brain storming and personas. Of the three concepts ”Box”, ” Pelare” and ”Logo” the two former were key cabinets for traditional keys and the latter for key cards. Volume- and CAD-models were created for all three concepts. With the help of a Pughs matrix, continued iteration of the key cabinet "Logo" was determined. Risk analysis and scenarios were created for the chosen concept. Further iterations of the “Logo” concept included dimensioning of the motors, electricity supply and plain bearings. A numerical calculation in COMSOL was also performed to ensure the strength at the wall mounting points. The shape of the final product is inspired from Vendanors logotype. The product has a capacity of 419 cards and weighs approximately 30.9 kg. There are in total eight parts that will be manufactured. For these parts a manufacturing basis was created with CAD. The remaining 67 parts are going to be purchased. The specifications of these were presented in a Bill of Materials. The key machine can be used contactless via a smartphone or via the screen centered on the products front. Stakeholders for this product are hotels, campsites, gyms and other businesses using key cards.

Orientador: Afira Vianna Ripper
Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: No "diálogo" que se estabelece entre o aprendiz e sua leitura da linguagem computacional Logo, entre o aprendiz e a leitura que o facilitador faz da linguagem Logo, foram investigados os conceitos do Logo que suscitam zonas de imprecisão tais como ambiguidades, metáforas inadequadas, falhas conceituais. Nesse intercambio entre linguagem natural e linguagem artificial, o presente trabalho evidenciou: - que o discurso pontuado de imprecisões abriu caminho a um '"vir a conhecer" idéias poderosas pouco exploradas pelo paradigma "escolar" do conhecimento - que essa tendência a se criar uma via distinta do paradigma escolar, não se sustenta fora de uma prática regular de se depurar as imprecisões nas suas diferentes facetas
Doutorado
Psicologia Educacional
Doutor em Educação

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
This thesis aims to enable a wider comprehension on thought operation as well as suggest alternatives for the formation of reflexive, critical, autonomous and creative individuals. The research defends the idea that it is possible for an individual to develop vigilant attention that makes thought flexibilization and change in the course of action, possible. This operation is called Internal Dialogue and is essentially characterized by a continuous openness towards novelty and learning. This makes it possible to minimize the usual way thought operates, in a automatic fashion (automatism). The research was based on theoretical references and ideas of David Bohm (1989;1994;2005) and Michael Polanyi (1983). The main emphasis was the understanding that a crisis situation enables awareness and state of alert that favors a more flexible thought pattern (Arag?o Gomes, 1994, 1997). The methodology used was presentation and analysis of these moments through autobibliographical records with indication of crisis on behalf of the subjects. Other criteria were also used that enabled the composition of the analyzed material such as the fact that: the subjects were public and real, the data was available through accessible material; the subjects identified themselves as in crisis; these crisis were of varied kinds; they had different social, cultural and professional profiles. Thus, three auto-bibliographical elements were selected: the Infidel: the story of a woman that challenged Islam (2007), written by the political Muslim author Ayaan Hirsi; Still me: memories (2001), of the actor Christopher Reeve as well as Confessions of a Philosopher (2001), by the philosopher Bryan Magee. In these books an analysis was made related to parts that stated action an though operation that express internal dialogue. These were organized into categories that were pointed out as relevant for the identification of internal dialogue such as: Perceptions of physical reaction; emotions, beliefs and issues, individual actions, self judgment and thought, self questioning, comprehension, observation and empirical investigation, perception of the changes they performed in the world, escape of conditioning as well as action that resulted in new meaning. The analysis performed reinforces our goal once it sated that internal dialogue is an important tool that allows thought awareness, minimizing common automatism and making consciousness possible as well as favoring the occurrence of critical and reflexive thought. Thus, final considerations deal with the need for the development of teaching methodologies that address internal dialogue as a counterpoint to the many daily action that reinforce the automatism of thought
Esta tese tem como objetivo permitir maior compreens?o sobre a opera??o do pensamento e sugerir alternativas para a forma??o de indiv?duos reflexivos, cr?ticos, aut?nomos e criativos. Defendemos que ? poss?vel o indiv?duo desenvolver uma aten??o vigilante capaz de flexibilizar o pensamento e possibilitar mudan?as nas nossas a??es e pensamento. Denominada Di?logo Interno, esta opera??o caracteriza-se essencialmente pela abertura ao novo e cont?nua disposi??o para o aprendizado, minimizando o modo como o pensamento opera, na maior parte do tempo (automatismo). Este estudo teve como principais refer?ncias te?ricas as id?ias de David Bohm (1989;1994;2005) e Michael Polanyi (1983) e como pressuposto fundamental o entendimento de que situa??es de crise propiciam momentos de tomadas de ci?ncia e estado de alerta que favorecem o pensamento a operar de modo mais flex?vel. (Arag?o Gomes, 1994, 1997). Metodologicamente, optamos por apresentar e analisar estes momentos atrav?s de relatos autobiogr?ficos, cujo autor indicava vivenciar momentos de crise. Outros crit?rios foram utilizados para comporem o material a ser analisado: tratava-se de pessoas reais e p?blicas; os relatos estavam dispon?veis em obras de f?cil acesso; tratava-se de pessoas em situa??o de crise por elas identificadas; apresentavam situa??es de crise de naturezas distintas; eram pessoas com perfis s?cio-culturais, profissionais e de g?nero distintos. Assim, foram selecionados tr?s relatos autobiogr?ficos: Infiel: a hist?ria de uma mulher que desafiou o Isl? (2007), da escritora e pol?tica mu?ulmana Ayaan Hirsi; Ainda sou eu: mem?rias (2001), do ator Christopher Reeve e; Confiss?es de um fil?sofo (2001), do fil?sofo Bryan Magee. Nestas obras foram analisados diversos trechos nos quais identificamos opera??es e a??es de pensamento que expressam tra?os do Di?logo Interno, organizadas nas categorias que identificamos como relevantes para a identifica??o do Di?logo Interno: percep??o de rea??es f?sicas, percep??o dos pr?prios sentimentos, percep??o das pr?prias cren?as e pressupostos, percep??o das pr?prias a??es, percep??o e julgamento do pr?prio pensamento, a??o de questionamento, busca da compreens?o, observa??o e investiga??o emp?rica, percep??o de sua mudan?a de a??o no mundo, sa?da do condicionamento e a??o de ressignifica??o. As an?lises realizadas refor?am nosso pressuposto de que o di?logo interno ? uma importante ferramenta para acionarmos a aten??o vigilante do pensamento, minimizando o automatismo habitual e propiciando a tomada de consci?ncia e a emerg?ncia de pensamentos cr?ticos e reflexivos. Dessa forma, as considera??es finais desta tese apontam para a necessidade do desenvolvimento de metodologias de ensino que contemplem o Di?logo Interno como contraponto ?s diversas viv?ncias cotidianas que refor?am o automatismo do pensamento e a??o

In Firmen und Institutionen hat das Erscheinungsbild – das sogenannte Corporate Design – nicht in erster Linie etwas mit Mode zu tun, sondern mit der Gesamtheit der Merkmale, die das Unternehmen ausmachen und mit der Einheitlichkeit im Auftritt nach außen. Die Umsetzung dieser Merkmale in ein Logo, welches Grafik und Schrift enthält, ist eine große Herausforderung, denn es muss diese Merkmale auf einem Blick und möglichst einprägsam deutlich machen. Im letzten Jahr stellte sich die SLUB ebenfalls die Frage nach dem Erscheinungsbild. Sie ergab sich aus diversen Anforderungen bei der Herstellung von Publikationen, die sowohl online als auch analog die SLUB in einem einheitlichen Layout präsentieren sollten. Schon im Dezember 2010 hat der Neustart der SLUB-Webseite moderne erfrischende Akzente in das Erscheinungsbild der SLUB gesetzt und indirekt seine Überarbeitung herausgefordert.

Šio darbo tikslai – ištirti paprasčiausius fraktalus, išnagrinėti fraktalų savybių realizavimo ir fraktalų atvaizdavimo Logo priemonėmis galimybes, sudaryti fraktalų dėstymo mokiniams metodiką naudojant Logo. Šiems tikslams įgyvendinti iškeliami darbo uždaviniai – užrašyti matematinius fraktalų sudarymo algoritmus Logo kalba bei pateikti keletą fraktalų realizavimo Logo kalba pavyzdžių. Darbą sudaro dvi dalys. Pirmojoje pateikiamas fraktalų apibrėžimas, jų savybės, trumpa fraktalų istorija, detaliau nagrinėjami žinomi fraktalai – Julijaus ir Mandelbroto aibės. Antrojoje dalyje nagrinėjamos fraktalų vaizdavimo Logo priemonėmis galimybės, pateikiami Logo programų fraktalams kurti pavyzdžiai. Darbe ištirta, kaip modeliuojami fraktalai bei pateikta keletas programų Logo kalba fraktalams sudaryti. Programos antrojoje darbo dalyje pateikiamos nuosekliai, nuo paprasčiausių programėlių supažindinti su rekursija iki sudėtingesnių algoritmų įvairiems fraktalams sudaryti, taip pasiūlant glaustą fraktalų mokymo naudojant Logo metodiką. Nagrinėjant fraktalus susipažįstama su koordinačių sistemomis, sveikųjų skaičių aritmetika, begalybės sąvoka, lavinami skaičiavimo ir braižymo įgūdžiai. Fraktalus gali nagrinėti įvairaus amžiaus mokiniai. Perteikiant fraktalus paprasta ir visiems lengvai perprantama Logo kalba, kartu yra ugdomi algoritmavimo, programavimo ir darbo su kompiuteriu gebėjimai. Sudėtingiems fraktalams sudaryti Logo priemonės nėra racionalios dėl lėto programų darbo atliekant... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The goal of this master's degree thesis is to analyze properties and generation algorithms of simple fractals and to implement these algorithms into Logo programming language suggesting methodology of teaching fractals using Logo in schools and providing some examples of Logo programs for fractal generation. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part provides basic theory on fractals. It begins with a simple explanation of what a fractal is using examples of self-similarity and recursive process and going into a more mathematical definition of fractals, introduced by B. Mandelbrot. After a brief history of fractals, a more in-depth analysis of Mandelbrot and Julia sets, the two well-known fractals arising from very simple sequences of complex numbers defined by the relation z_{n+1} = z_n^2 + c is given. The last chapter of the first part points out the reasons how fractals are useful and why they should be taught at school – fractals are fun; fractals are beautiful; anyone can play with them; fractals promote curiosity; computers, when used to explain fractal theory, enhance learning. The second part focuses on using Logo to generate fractals. It provides a few Logo programs of various complexity ranging from simple recursive functions to handling operations with complex numbers. Examples of Logo programs include generation of fractal trees, Koch snowflake and Sierpinski gasket, implementation of chaos game and iterated function systems, and manipulating complex numbers... [to full text]

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There are two parts. The first one is fictional, and its title is Resentments' catalog. It is the story of a man collecting memories in order to write a book dedicated to his father, who had never read a literary work, not even a Master?s degree dissertation. The second one, Process catalog, presents a critical essay in which the Resentments' catalog genesis, inspirations, creative route and relations to another authors are introduced and debated. Intentionally, the two parts are close both in form and content, and that is why they have similar titles.
H? duas partes. A primeira delas ? ficcional e tem o t?tulo de Cat?logo de ressentimentos. ? a hist?ria de um homem que coleciona mem?rias a fim de escrever um livro dedicado a seu pai, o qual jamais leu uma obra liter?ria, nem sequer uma disserta??o de Mestrado. J? a segunda parte, Cat?logo do processo, apresenta um ensaio cr?tico em que a g?nese, as inspira??es, o percurso criativo e as rela??es que Cat?logo de ressentimentos estabelece com diferentes autores s?o apresentados e debatidos. De maneira intencional, ambas as partes se aproximam tanto em forma quanto em conte?do, da? a op??o por t?tulos semelhantes.

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Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas ? PUC Campinas
It is proposed to reflect the research from the point of view of theory and practice, considering them inseparably related to the process of methodological reconstruction in the applied social sciences, especially in the area of architecture and urbanism. The discussion involves the development of an urban projectc in the Village neighborhood in Campinas, S?o Paulo, understanding it as a political and technical vehicle for dialogue among the social agents involved in it. Urban regeneration of public spaces is privileged, taking into account that, under dialogical conditions, the collective subject can guide the treatment of daily territory.
Prop?e-se refletir a pesquisa do ponto de vista da teoria e da pr?tica, considerando-as indissociavelmente relacionadas ao processo de reconstru??o metodol?gica nas ci?ncias sociais aplicadas, especialmente na ?rea de arquitetura e urbanismo. A discuss?o envolve o desenvolvimento de um projeto urbano no bairro Village em Campinas, S?o Paulo, compreendendo-o como ve?culo pol?tico e t?cnico de di?logo entre os agentes sociais nele envolvidos. Privilegia-se a requalifica??o urbana dos espa?os livres p?blicos, levando em conta que, sob condi??es dial?gicas, o sujeito coletivo possa orientar o tratamento do territ?rio cotidiano.

Cette thèse présente un framework pour le logo spotting appliqué à repérer les logos à partir de l’image des documents en se concentrant sur la catégorisation de documents et les problèmes de récupération de documents. Nous présentons également trois méthodes de matching par point clé : le point clé simple avec le plus proche voisin, le matching par règle des deux voisins les plus proches et le matching par deux descripteurs locaux à différents étapes de matching. Les deux derniers procédés sont des améliorations de la première méthode. En outre, utiliser la méthode de classification basée sur la densité pour regrouper les correspondances dans le framework proposé peut aider non seulement à segmenter la région candidate du logo mais également à rejeter les correspondances incorrectes comme des valeurs aberrantes. En outre, afin de maximiser la performance et de localiser les logos, un algorithme à deux étages a été proposé pour la vérification géométrique basée sur l’homographie avec RANSAC. Comme les approches fondées sur le point clé supposent des approches coûteuses, nous avons également investi dans l’optimisation de notre framework. Les problèmes de séparation de texte/graphique sont étudiés. Nous proposons une méthode de segmentation de texte et non-texte dans les images de documents basée sur un ensemble de fonctionnalités puissantes de composants connectés. Nous avons appliqué les techniques de réduction de dimensionnalité pour réduire le vecteur de descripteurs locaux de grande dimension et rapprocher les algorithmes de recherche du voisin le plus proche pour optimiser le framework. En outre, nous avons également mené des expériences pour un système de récupération de documents sur les documents texte et non-texte segmentés et l'algorithme ANN. Les résultats montrent que le temps de calcul du système diminue brusquement de 56% tandis que la précision diminue légèrement de près de 2,5%. Dans l'ensemble, nous avons proposé une approche efficace et efficiente pour résoudre le problème de spotting des logos dans les images de documents. Nous avons conçu notre approche pour être flexible pour des futures améliorations. Nous croyons que notre travail peut être considéré comme une étape sur la voie pour résoudre le problème de l’analyse complète et la compréhension des images de documents
This thesis presents a logo spotting framework applied to spotting logo images on document images and focused on document categorization and document retrieval problems. We also present three key-point matching methods: simple key-point matching with nearest neighbor, matching by 2-nearest neighbor matching rule method and matching by two local descriptors at different matching stages. The last two matching methods are improvements of the first method. In addition, using a density-based clustering method to group the matches in our proposed spotting framework can help not only segment the candidate logo region but also reject the incorrect matches as outliers. Moreover, to maximize the performance and to locate logos, an algorithm with two stages is proposed for geometric verification based on homography with RANSAC. Since key-point-based approaches assume costly approaches, we have also invested to optimize our proposed framework. The problems of text/graphics separation are studied. We propose a method for segmenting text and non-text in document images based on a set of powerful connected component features. We applied dimensionality reduction techniques to reduce the high dimensional vector of local descriptors and approximate nearest neighbor search algorithms to optimize our proposed framework. In addition, we have also conducted experiments for a document retrieval system on the text and non-text segmented documents and ANN algorithm. The results show that the computation time of the system decreases sharply by 56% while its accuracy decreases slightly by nearly 2.5%. Overall, we have proposed an effective and efficient approach for solving the problem of logo spotting in document images. We have designed our approach to be flexible for future improvements by us and by other researchers. We believe that our work could be considered as a step in the direction of solving the problem of complete analysis and understanding of document images

Dans l’industrie et en particulier dans le domaine de l’automobile, il est aujourd’hui indispensable de maîtriser la fiabilité de ses produits. Une voie pour estimer et valider la fiabilité de manière efficace est d’analyser des mesures de dégradation caractéristique des phénomènes de défaillance. Ce domaine est en plein essor et il existe de nombreuses méthodes répondant à cette problématique. L’objectif de ces travaux de recherche est de proposer une méthodologie d’estimation de la fiabilité basée sur l’analyse de mesures de dégradation dans un contexte où peu de mesures sont disponibles, les temps d’essai sont réduits, les phénomènes physiques de dégradation sont complexes (usure, fissuration, fluage, corrosion) et les profils de mission sont multifactoriels. La première partie de ce travail concerne l’analyse des méthodes utilisées dans l’entreprise Renault. La deuxième partie est l’étude des méthodes présentes dans la littérature, qui répondent également à la problématique. Ensuite une méthodologie de comparaison de ces méthodes est proposée et permet de choisir la méthode d’estimation de fiabilité la plus adaptée aux différentes données représentatives des phénomènes physiques étudiés. Une partie est consacrée à l’optimisation du dimensionnement des plans d’essais intégrant les méthodes d’estimation sélectionnées. La dernière partie traite un cas industriel en utilisant les résultats obtenus dans ce travail de recherche. L’ensemble de ces travaux permet d’orienter les fiabilistes, à chaque étape de la réalisation d’une étude de fiabilité, vers la méthode la plus adaptée au problème à traiter
In industry, especially in automotive industry, it is now essential to control the products’ reliability. One way to efficiently estimate and validate the reliability is to analyze degradation measurements. There are many methods responding to this concern. The aim of this study is to propose a methodology to assess reliability based on degradation measurements with few data, short test duration, complex physical phenomenon (such as wear, fatigue crack growth, creep or corrosion) and multifactor mission profiles. The methods used by Renault are analyzed in the first part of this work. In the second part are studied the other methods responding to this concern. Then a methodology for comparing these methods is proposed and allows choosing the reliability assessment method the most appropriate to treat available data. Another part is devoted to the optimization of the design of test plans including selected estimation methods. The last part deals with an industrial case using the results obtained in this study. This work is supposed to guide the engineer at each stage of a reliability study in choosing the most appropriate method to treat the problems encountered

La diversité des problèmes d’agencement a donné naissance à une multitude de travaux et d’applications liés à des domaines différents tels que la conception mécanique, l’urbanisme, l’aménagement d’intérieur, etc. . La résolution des problèmes d’agencement est généralement basée sur le savoir faire et l’expérience des concepteurs et repose sur un processus coûteux et long qui ne répond pas toujours à l’ensemble des contraintes du problème. En outre, dans la plupart des cas, l’agencement est effectué de manière manuelle à l’aide de plans ou des maquettes éventuellement à l’échelle. Dans les cas où des maquettes numériques sont utilisées, peu voir aucune assistance n’est proposée pour aider les concepteurs dans la prise de décision et la réalisation des tâches. Ce travail de thèse repose sur une démarche innovante impliquant une approche interactive générique basée sur l’utilisation conjointe d’outils de formulation et de résolution issus de la programmation par contraintes, et de techniques de réalité virtuelle (visualisation, immersion, et interaction 3D). L’approche proposée offre différents niveaux d’assistance et supporte la prise compte de diverses contraintes. Elle permet également de définir et de résoudre un problème d’agencement complexe de manière automatique. Les assistances offertes permettent de guider le concepteur vers des solutions viables et de prendre en compte ses préférences. Notre approche a été validée à travers différentes expérimentations impliquant la réalisation de tâches d’agencement en environnements virtuels. L’objectif était d’analyser la pertinence de l’approche proposée à travers l’étude de la performance humaine, et d’illustrer les possibilités d’interaction entre l’utilisateur et le système développé. Notre approche est actuellement étendue à différents cas applicatifs impliquant une problématique d’agencement
The diversity of layout problems gave rise to a several applications and related works in different areas such as mechanical design, urban planning, interior design, etc. . Solving layout problems is generally based on the designers expertise and involves a costly and tedious process that do not always satisfies the all problem’s constraints. In most cases, the layout is manually carried out using maps or a mock-ups. In cases where numerical mock-ups are used, no assistance is provided to help users in decision making and during the layout tasks. This manuscript proposes an interactive and generic approach based on the use of formulation and resolution tools from constraint programming, and virtual reality techniques (visualization, immersion and 3D interaction). The proposed approach provides different levels of assistance and supports several kinds of constraints. It also allows to define and automatically solve complex layouts. The various provided assistances can guide the user to possible solutions and take into account his/her preferences. Our approach has been validated through several experiments involving various layout tasks in virtual environments. The objectives were to analyze the relevance of the proposed approach through the study of human performance, and to illustrate the possibilities of interaction between the user and the developed system

S’inscrivant dans le cadre de l’identification paramétrique, les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit ont pour but de résoudre des problèmes inverses tridimensionnels de la conduction de chaleur (PICC-3D). Diverses situations thermiques sont traitées : identification du flux de chauffe délivré par une source fixe ou mobile, estimation des coordonnées de centre de deux sources de chauffe fixes, identification des coordonnées de centre d’une ou plusieurs sources fixes en temps réduit, estimation simultanée de la position et du flux de chauffe d’une source fixe, identification de la trajectoire d’une source mobile et estimation simultanée de la trajectoire et de l’intensité du flux d’une source de chauffe mobile. Une difficulté essentielle réside en ce que de tels problèmes inverses de conduction de la chaleur (décrits par un système d’équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires) sont mal posés au sens d’Hadamard. Considérant les mesures de température fournies par un nombre limité de capteurs placés sur une frontière différente de celle où les sources de chauffe interviennent, ces PICC-3D ont été résolus avec succès par la mise en œuvre d’une méthode de régularisation itérative du gradient conjugué (MGC). La robustesse de la méthode est illustrée en considérant des bruits de mesure réalistes. En outre, un dispositif expérimental a été utilisé afin de mesurer l’évolution du champ de températures dans une plaque soumise à une source chauffante immobile. Les expérimentations réalisées attestent de l’intérêt de la MGC dans le contexte proposé
In the context of parametric identification, the work presented in this manuscript is devoted to inverse heat conduction problem resolution in three-dimensional geometries (IHCP-3D). The main objective of the resolution deals with identification of one or more unknown parameters in various situations such as: heat flux identification of a fixed (or mobile source), localization of two fixed heating sources, localizations in minimal time (for one or several heating sources), simultaneous determination of time-varying heat flux and location of a fixed source, mobile source trajectory identification, simultaneous estimation of strength heat flux and source mobile trajectory in a three-dimensional domain. Such an inverse heat conduction problem (described by a set of partial differential equations) is ill-posed in Hadamard’s sense. Considering the measured temperature provided by few sensors (located on a different face from that on which sources heat), IHCP-3D were successfully solved and the unknown parameters are identified considering the implementation of an iterative regularization method: the conjugate gradient method (CGM). The robustness of the proposed identification method is illustrated considering realistic disturbances. Moreover, an experimental bench is used in order to validate the robustness of the CGM in real context

L'altération de la microcirculation sanguine est une anomalie fréquente retrouvée chez les sujets atteints de diabète, d'artérosclérose ou de phénomène de Raynaud. La fluxmétrie laser Doppler (FLD) est alors couramment utilisée pour le suivi de la perfusion microvasculaire en continu. Cependant, la dépendance du signal de FLD par rapport à l'architecture microvasculaire n'est pas encore bien connue. Nous avons donc développé le prototype d'un nouvel appareil de FLD. Ce prototype possède trois diodes laser de longueurs d'onde différentes (635 nm, 785 nm et 830 nm). Les photons de ces sources lumineuses sont transportés jusqu'à la zone cutanée d'étude grâce à une fibre optique. Les photons rétrodiffusés sont récupérés et guidés vers les photodétecteurs à l'aide d'autres fibres optiques distantes de 0,14 mm, 0,25 mm et 1,2 mm de la fibre optique émettrice. Des tests de validation de ce prototype ont été réalisés in vitro sur un fantôme et in vivo sur l'avant-bras et la paume de la main de sujets sains. Des simulations par la méthode de Monte Carlo ont également été réalisées dans le but d'étudier l'influence des longueurs d'onde et des distances entre la fibre optique d'émission et les fibres optiques de réception, sur les signaux acquis sur le fantôme et la peau. Les résultats montrent que la profondeur moyenne de pénétration des photons rétrodiffusés augmente avec la longueur d'onde et la distance entre les fibres. Le prototype permet donc de sonder les tissus à différentes profondeurs. Par ailleurs, en ce qui concerne le fantôme, le premier moment du spectre du photocourant augmente avec la vitesse et la concentration des diffuseurs, ainsi qu'avec la longueur d'onde et la distance entre les fibres. Les résultats obtenus avec le prototype ont ensuite été comparés avec ceux donnés par le fluxmètre Periflux 5000 commercialisé par la société Perimed. Les résultats obtenus avec le prototype sont similaires aux résultats obtenus avec le Periflux 5000. Ces travaux sont le fruit d'une collaboration entre le laboratoire Instrumentation et Électronique de l'université de Coimbra au Portugal, le Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Automatisés (LISA) de l'université d'Angers, et Frits de Mul, chercheur hollandais
Altered blood microcirculation is a common abnormality found in subjects with diabetes, arteriosclerosis or Raynaud's disease. Laser Doppler Flow Metering (FLD) is then commonly used for continuous monitoring of microvascular infusion. However, the dependence of the FLD signal on microvascular architecture is not yet well known. We have therefore developed the prototype of a new FLD device. This prototype has three laser diodes of different wavelengths (635 nm, 785 nm and 830 nm). The photons from these light sources are transported to the study skin area via an optical fibre. The backscattered photons are recovered and guided to the photodetectors using other optical fibres spaced 0. 14 mm, 0. 25 mm and 1. 2 mm from the emitting optical fibre. Validation tests of this prototype were performed in vitro on a ghost and in vivo on the forearm and palm of the hand of healthy subjects. Monte Carlo simulations were also carried out to study the influence of wavelengths and distances between the transmitting and receiving optical fibres on the signals acquired on the phantom and skin. The results show that the average penetration depth of backscattered photons increases with wavelength and distance between the fibers. The prototype therefore makes it possible to probe tissues at different depths. In addition, for the phantom, the first moment of the photocurrent spectrum increases with the speed and concentration of the diffusers, as well as with the wavelength and distance between the fibres. The results obtained with the prototype were then compared with those obtained with the Periflux 5000 flowmeter marketed by Perimed. The results obtained with the prototype are similar to those obtained with the Periflux 5000, and are the result of a collaboration between the Instrumentation and Electronics Laboratory of the University of Coimbra in Portugal, the Laboratory of Automated Systems Engineering (LISA) of the University of Angers, and Frits de Mul, Dutch researcher

Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2010.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 16, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-40).

This study was set up to assess the contribution that a computer modelling approach using the language LOGO could make to the quality of mathematics learning in primary school children. Following a constructivist theory of mathematical learning it is argued that many problems children have with their mathematics results from instrumental learning without understanding, rather than relational learning. LOGO was developed, in part, to provide a learning environment for children to investigate mathematical ideas and thus develop their own understanding. Previous research has not provided much evidence that this happens, nor specified what mathematical learning could be expected to take place and what pedagogic approach could bring it about. Other questions relating to the maturity of the children and their aptitude for programming have similarly been neglected. This study was set up to identify the mathematical ideas intrinsic to Turtle Geometry and to explore the conditions under which this learning could best be fostered. The study was carried out in three phases. The first phase considered the constraints of maturity and the need to program on the learning of 9 and 11 year old children. The second phase of the study followed up the programming of the older children, to see what mathematics they were encountering, and what sort of activities encouraged them to think mathematically. Pre and post tests were used to identify the mathematical learning which was taking place. In Phase III a control group was used to identify the particular mathematical learning which could be attributed to LOGO experience, and to assess the transfer of mathematical learning from the LOGO context to novel problem solving. The first two phases revealed considerable mathematical activity intrinsic to Turtle Geometry. The need to learn some simple programming apparently did not present a barrier to mathematical investigation. The test results in the third phase showed that the children had deepened their understanding of angles, variables and general process aspects of mathematics through using LOGO. The performance of the children on the computers was monitored and was found to be revealing of their current mathematical understanding.

This thesis looks at young children's attempts to express generality within specific learning situations with the aid of carefully designed tools, and at how, given appropriate means of expression, they are able to justify their generalisations. The literature on representation and abstraction leads to a focus on construction of meaning through pupils' concretising of mathematical objects by means of the development of representations and interconnections between representations of those objects. The study involved eight pairs often and eleven year old children. I devised a series of tasks centred on the creation of simple "function machines" expressed in the Logo programming language. The children's work involved the construction and empirical testing of these functions within a game-like situation. Part of the game involved verbally justifying the validity of the Logo procedures to a partner and to the Researcher. These activities provided a window onto children's construction of meaning. Analysis of the data revealed that within the specific learning situation designed for the study: children were able to make formalised generalisations of mathematical relationships, often webbed by "semi-generalisation"; the expressive powers of the symbolism achieved a more functional role by the symbols' association with a history of specific numerical examples; children constructed situated abstractions for the justification of generality using "generic structuring" and "naturalised formalism" as powerful forms of webbing; and the apparent "rift" between empirical and deductive starting points for generalisation, justification and proving activities appeared less clear than the literature suggests.

Notre these intitule "description du logoti (nord-est du zaire) phonologie, esquisse grammaticale et lexique logoti - francais porte sur la langue logo parlee dans l'extreme nord-est de la republique du zaire. Elle appartient au phylum nilo-saharien de greenberg, famille chari-nilo- tique, groupe soudanais central que tucker appelle aussi " central sudanic" et classifiee par jacqueline thomas et j. P. Caprile dans le groupe des langues appele "moru-madi-mangbetu" la langue logo occupe les zones administratives de faradje et une par- tie de la zone de watsa au zaire, et une partie du district de yei au sud du soudan. Elle est parlee par une population d'environ 250 000 locuteurs repartis dans les trois regions mentionnees ci-dessus. Notre analyse du logoti (la langue logo) a porte essentiellement sur : la phonologie, la morphonologie, les categories grammaticales, la derivation et la composition, les syntagmes nominal et verbal, un lexique logoti- francais et un corpus. -
Our doctoral dissertation intitled "description of logoti (northeast of zaire) phonology,grammatical essay and logoti-french lecicon "deals with the logo language spokes in the far north-east of the republic of zaire. It belongs to greenberg's nilo-saharan phylum, chari-nile family and central sudanic group, also known by tucker under the name of "central sudanic languages "and classified by jacqueline thomas and j. P. Caprile as "moru-madi-mangbetu" languages. The logo language covers both faradje and watsa zones in zaire, and a part of the yei district in sudan. It is spoken by 250 000 people occupying the different regions mentioned above. Our analysis takes in account the phonology, the morphonology the categories, the derivation and composition, the nominal and verbal phrases of the logo language, as well as the logoti-french lexicon

Esta investigação tem como principal objetivo reconhecer de que forma a Fadiga por Compaixão e a Função Reflexiva influenciam a qualidade de vida profissional nos técnicos de medicina familiar. A amostra será constituída por sujeitos com idades compreendidas entre 25 e 65 anos, de ambos os sexos, de nacionalidade portuguesa e que estejam neste momento em funções como médico de saúde familiar, inseridos em centros de saúde ou Unidades de Saúde Familiar (modelo A ou B) e Unidades de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados. Para este fim foi desenhado um estudo quantitativo de forma a reconhecer o significado do fenómeno em estudo, tendo em consideração a perspetiva dos inquiridos. A recolha de informação irá assentar em dois questionários que são: Questionário de Função Reflexiva 8 (RFQ-8) e Escala de Qualidade de Vida Profissional (ProQOL); I think therefore I am. I take care therefore I suffer?: A study on compassion fatigue and reflective function in family doctors - Abstract: This research has as main objective to recognize how the Compassionate fatigue and Reflective Function influence the quality of professional life in the family medicine technicians. The sample will be made up of subjects between 25 and 65 years of age, of both sexes, of Portuguese nationality, who are currently working as a family health doctor, inserted in health centers or Family Health Units (model A or B) and Personalized Health Care Units. For this purpose a quantitative study was designed in order to recognize the meaning of the phenomenon under study, taking into account the perspective of the respondents. The collection of information will be based on two questionnaires that are: Reflective Function Questionnaire 8 (RFQ-8) and Professional Life Quality Scale (ProQOL).

The use of computers has changed as a result of the shift in emphasis from centralised computer systems to the personal computer. Users are no longer dependent on someone else to supply their information needs, as they can retrieve the information themselves. Rather than making programming a redundant skill, this has meant that more people require programming skills, albeit at a lower level. The personal computer can now be found in many homes, but its use is mainly for the playing of games, rather than using it to learn the fundamentals of programming-sequencing, selection, and iteration. In order to get children interested in learning the concepts of programming, a skill that can be used in later life, an environment needs to be created in which not only are these skills learnt, but the user has fun learning them. This thesis introduces sLogo, an icon driven turtle graphics programming environment that incorporates sound and animation to provide an exciting environment in which to program. Within sLogo, direct manipulation is used to insert and delete commands, control execution, and to create procedures and repeat statements. Audio feedback is given on all mouse operations, and turtle movement. Rather than just watching the turtle move across the screen, the user gets to hear it as it zooms along and turns its corners. We describe some of the problems that children have been observed having when using Logo, and some suggested solutions of those problem. We describe various computer environments designed for use by children are examined, such as KidPix, a drawing program that uses audio feedback, and LogoMation, a Logo-like programming language that supports the use of colour, sound, and animation. The design of sLogo is discussed, and the techniques used to correct some of the problems in Logo when used by young children. SLogo was tested by twenty seven 12- and 8-yearold children from a local primary school. Their use of sLogo, and the observations from this testing are recorded.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Antropologia, 2010.
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Esta tese visa estabelecer os fundamentos da teoria makuna do mundo, e nesse sentido, delineia os princípios epistemológicos dos Makuna ou Ide masã (Gente de Água), um grupo tukano oriental da Amazônia colombiana. Analisando os conceitos he (jurupari) e ketioka (“Pensamento”), ambos conceitos centrais dentro desta epistemologia, identificam-se os principais elementos ou componentes que conformam tanto aos seres não humanos quanto aos seres humanos, demonstrando a importância dos lugares, ou melhor, de uma geografia xamânica, na constituição de todos os seres do universo. Ao tempo que esta argumentação serve para reformular conceitualmente as unidades sociais dos grupos indígenas desta região, também evidencia que as noções de espaço e pessoa são interdependentes e podem ser trabalhadas em conjunto para atingir níveis de compreensão mais profundos de algumas sociedades indígenas da Amazônia. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This thesis aims to set up the foundations of Makuna world theory, and in this way, outlines the epistemological principles of Makuna or Ide masã (Water People), a eastern tukanoan group from Colombian Amazon. Analyzing the concepts he (jurupari) and ketioka ("Thought"), both core concepts within this epistemology, it is possible to identify the main elements or components that conform both human beings as not humans, demonstrating the importance of places, or better , of a shamanic geography, to the constitution of all beings in the universe. At the same time this argument serves to conceptually redefining the social units of the indigenous groups in this region, also shows that the notions of space and person are interdependent and can be worked together to achieve deeper levels of understanding of some Amazonian indigenous societies.

Orientador: Afira Vianna Riper
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educaçã0
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Resumo: Este estudo tem como objetivo discutir a questão da interdisciplinaridade tendo como suporte o ambiente computacional Logo. Para tanto buscou-se compreender num primeiro momento a evolução histórica do pensamento ocidental sob a ótica da unidade e totalidade do conhecimento, em contraposição à fragmentação imposta pelo positivismo. Num segundo momento buscaram-se na literatura a conceitualização da interdisciplinaridade e as características específicas tanto do projeto interdisciplinar quanto do ambiente Logo. No terceiro momento são analisadas as concepções que os professores que trabalham com Logo em uma escola pública, apresentam em relação aos dois temas tentando-se enfocar o inter-relacionamento e a confluência das especificidades apontadas em relação à interdisciplinaridade e ao ambiente Logo. No quarto e último momento discute-se os resultados encontrados, o que já está sendo feito, e o que ainda é necessário realizar para se desenvolver um projeto voltado à interdisciplinaridade de forma intencional, tendo o ambiente Logo como suporte
Abstract: The objective of this study is to discuss interdisciplinarity in a Logo-based learning environrnent. First we studied the historical evolution ofthe Westem thought contrasting a unified view of knowledge with the fragmentation imposed by the positivism. Next we searched literature for the concept of interdisciplinarity and the specific characteristics of the interdisciplinary projects and of the Logo-based learning environment. Thirdly we analyzed the interpretations of primary school teachers, working with Logo on public schools, have about both subjects (interdisciplinarity and Logo). We looked for interrelationship, and confluence in the characteristics of the both subjects. Finally from the results found we discussed what is being done and what can be done to design in an intentional way a project geared to interdisciplinarity with the support of a Logo-based leaming environment
Mestrado
Psicologia Educacional
Mestre em Educação

Education does not take place in a vacuum, it is a terrain where conflicting ideologies compete and relations of power are inscribed. Despite, however, the accumulation of studies illustrating the social and political nature of schooling, sociological work concerned with educational computing is in short supply; with few exceptions, sociologists of education have not directly addressed educational computing. The development of IT in education in the last two decades has been largely uncritical and the field has been dominated by technocentric approaches. This thesis is an effort to develop a sociological language for understanding educational computing and suggests that the introduction and use of IT in education should be situated within its social, political and cultural context. Appropriating ideas from the sociology of education, sociology of technology and cultural studies, the thesis uses a cultural circuit analysis of Logo progran1I11ing language as a case-study in the sociology of culture in order to illustrate some of the ways in which the introduction of new technologies in education may interplay with the maintenance and/or transformation of existing power relations. The first part of the thesis raises questions that strive to situate technological products -and particularly computers in education- within a sociological paradigm. It establishes four main arguments that run through the whole study: • that most existing accounts of IT in education are inadequate; • that sociology of education and cultural studies can -and should- add to our social perspectives on the use of IT in education; • that technological artefacts used in education are socially constructed and can be analysed in terms of a "circuit of cultural production"; • that we could demonstrate the utility of such a model by running it through the development and implementation of a major IT phenomenon, that is Logo. In the second part of the thesis, analysis is divided in five parts (five analytically distinct "moments"). Through reconstructed accounts of participants and secondary sources, analysis of "moment" 1 (production) demonstrates the contingent and unstable nature of Logo as constantly changing and developing technology in the context of the decision-making processes. Analysis of "moment" 2 (text) discusses Logo as a "text", its "philosophy" for education, and the embodiment of its epistemological principles in the technical design of the language. Analysis of "moment" 3 (marketing/economics) discusses the role of marketing, politics, and economics in the development and evolution of Logo; it illustrates that the activities of mediators like government departments and the microcomputer industrial lobby were crucial to the modification and redevelopment of Logo beyond the context of its initial development. Analysis of "moment" 4 (context) situates the introduction of Logo to mainstream schools within its social and political context suggesting that the disintegration of "progressive" education largely constituted the context for the "decline" of Logo during the process of restructuring of formal education in the late 1970s and 1980s. Against this background, analysis of "moment" 5 (consumption) discusses the ways in which Logo was received in the educational arena and was implicated in the politics of educational innovation, looking into the place that Logo occupied within the institutional and organisational cultures of mainstream schools. Finally, based on the discussion of Logo as a case-study and the findings thereof, the thesis summarises the main analytic and methodological messages and points to directions for further research.

Logo designs provide a quick visual shorthand for all the meaning, associations, and equity associated with a brand. Virtually all major companies utilize logos, but there is little theory-based research regarding logo design published in marketing and consumer behavior journals. Related research from psychology regarding preference for visual images has generally used special stimuli created for the laboratory that do not carry the meaning that logos acquire in the markerplace and consequently have very limited generalizability. This study seeks to begin to fill the void by examining preference for actual, familiar logo designs. An improved understanding of preference for logo designs can be a great advantage to a company considering a logo design change. The costs involved in such a change can be enormous. Beyond the cost of the services of graphic designers, a change in logo design incurs the cost of changing everything that displays the logo, and any lost sales that may result if the new design is ineffective in some way. The equity of the brand may be connected to the logo design, so a change in the design of the logo may have long-term implications. Many logos have evolved over the years through successive changes to keep the designs from becoming outdated. This study examined theoretical bases for such activity. According to adaptation-level theory (McClelland et al. 1953), individuals become adapted to an object or image due to experience with it. Slight changes to this adaptation level result in increased preference while drastic changes result in decreased preference. These effects are represented by the distinctive butterfly curve. The current study developed a technique that allows for differentiation of visual designs, indicating the degree of change. This was used to test whether adaptation-level theory applies to familiar logo designs. The results indicate a general preference for no changes in familiar logo designs. While practitioners make changes in logo designs that are consistent with adaptation-level theory, it appears that consumers react instead, in accordance with social judgment theory--they tolerate rather than prefer the changes.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 2, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-38).

Orientador: Afira Vianna Ripper
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Mestrado

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O presente trabalho ? uma pesquisa de campo que se prop?e investigar qual o conceito de hist?ria da literatura que norteia o ensino liter?rio das escolas de Ensino M?dio de Porto Alegre. Ao mesmo tempo, procura apontar indicativos para uma nova abordagem da disciplina literatura no Ensino M?dio, recorrendo aos pressupostos te?ricos de historiadores contempor?neos que repensam a hist?ria da literatura colocando em discuss?o a periodiza??o e a classifica??o linear. Procurou-se analisar os materiais referentes ? disciplina de literatura no Ensino M?dio, para tanto se levantam os documentos que gerenciam o Ensino M?dio que s?o os Par?metros Curriculares Nacionais, os planos de conte?dos, assim como as leituras liter?rias e respectivas metodologias, e tamb?m o livro did?tico indicado para os tr?s anos do Ensino M?dio do ano de 2005, que formam, portanto, o corpus que serve de subsidio para an?lise e interpreta??o. O mesmo foi coletado em quatro escolas, as quais se dispuseram a participar e contribuir com a pesquisa. A estrutura formal do trabalho ? composta, al?m da introdu??o, que procura situar a investiga??o em aspectos textuais, de tr?s cap?tulos, os quais obedecem ?s seguintes seq??ncias: primeiro, busca-se mostrar, atrav?s dos pressupostos te?ricos, a literatura e ensino, a hist?ria da literatura na vis?o contempor?nea, tamb?m a descri??o das pesquisas e as escolas que participaram dela. No segundo capitulo, evidenciam-se, atrav?s das descri??es dos materiais levantados o conceito da hist?ria da literatura que se encontra nas quatro escolas investigadas. O terceiro cap?tulo ? reservado para analisar as percep??es encontradas no corpus descrito e para propor indicativos que ofere?am uma nova abordagem da disciplina literatura no Ensino M?dio. Deixa-se para as palavras finais, as considera??es que se julgam significativas, procedentes dos resultados desta pesquisa

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A presente disserta??o de mestrado tem por objetivo abordar o pluralismo religioso: di?logo e alteridade no ensino religioso. Pretende explicitar a origem, os conceitos, desdobramentos e limita??es. Inicialmente, situa-se o paradigma pluralista no pluralismo cultural e religioso no contexto hist?rico do mundo ocidental, especialmente na sociedade brasileira. Analisa-se a compreens?o de religi?o, o pluralismo das tradi??es religiosas, e o direito ? liberdade religiosa como liberdade de consci?ncia, de cren?a, de culto. A toler?ncia nas diferen?as bem como a necessidade da alteridade. Abordou-se as quest?es sobre o novo horizonte da teologia das religi?es, e a teologia crist? diante do pluralismo religioso. Finaliza-se com quest?es pr?ticas sobre o ensino religioso, assegurando o respeito ? diversidade religiosa e garantindo a integralidade das diferentes tradi??es religiosas.

This thesis is based on research investigating 12-13 years old pupils' potential to approach through Logo different characterizations of variable prior to formal algebra teaching. The characterizations of variable considered are variable as general number, variables in a functional relationship and variable as specific unknown. Pupils' potential is defined by their capability to solve a range of specific Logo-based tasks involving one characterization of variable. During the solution process peer collaboration was encouraged and support was available from the researcher. The experimental work consisted of case studies of 6 pairs of pupils over a period of one year working in three specially designed Logo microworlds each one focussing on one characterization of variable. The observation of these pupils' work was carried out during their normal computer time with the researcher acting as the teacher of the whole group (34 pupils). Special attention was paid to the strategies pupils used to solve the posed tasks, researcher's interventions, peer collaboration and the influence of the Logo setting. Data included researcher's notes taken during the observation of pupils' work, pupils' written records, individual interviews and the responses to a paper and pencil questionnaire given at the beginning and at the end of the study. Previous studies of pupils' learning of algebra show that they have difficulties with each one of the three characterizations of variable whether they are algebra beginners or more advanced students. Evidence from this study shows that pupils can develop a potential to work with these characterizations of variable prior to formal algebra teaching. Crucial elements provoking this development were: the design of the activities appealing to pupils' prior numeric knowledge; the Logo environment; social interaction between pupils and with the researcher; the use of communicative and egocentric speech. The results of this research show that notions that are crucial to the use of variable can be developed prior to formal algebra teaching. Pupils' arithmetic can provide a basis for the development of these notions.

This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-58).
In this thesis, I propose a system that helps users with various design backgrounds create a logo with tools that extract and analyze dominant colors and shapes from the input logo; and output a collection of inspirational images comprised of shape and color transformations of the original design and similar existing logos in the market. The system encourages collaboration between computers and the human users and contains components that feed the users information as well as components that allow the users to record and produce inspiring thoughts. The system also introduces randomness in the data returned to the user as part of the analysis and inspirations to reduce the amount of interference with the creative process during logo design.
by Xueqi Fan.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

This thesis addresses the problem of how best to teach beginning programmers the necessary skills of object oriented programming. There is no established method of introducing object oriented concepts such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism, or providing an intuitive progression from simple programs to complex problem solving. The approach was to use two commercially available programming languages which we consider exemplify good object oriented programming techniques, to teach beginners how to program. We selected LOGO, which has been used successfully in the past as a first programming language for children. Then we added the concepts of visual programming through the use of Prograph, a language which provides a visual, object oriented, dataflow environment. The main result of our research is the design and implementation of a prototype language called Visual Object Oriented LOGO (VOOL). VOOL is intended for use at all levels of education to teach problem solving, object oriented concepts, and fundamental programming skills. VOOL was implemented on a Macintosh in the pictorial, iconic language of Prograph and fully supports the goals of this thesis.

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A presente disserta??o pretende mostrar a possibilidade de engajamento da poesia em oposi??o ? teoria de Sartre sobre tal assunto apresentada em Que ? a literatura? Ao mesmo tempo, este trabalho faz-se acompanhar de uma sele??o de poesias da pr?pria dissertante, a qual n?o se limita ? preocupa??o de compor (ou constituir) apenas um corpus po?tico engajado, no sentido pol?tico usual. Esses poemas apresentam conte?do diversificado para confirmar a id?ia de necessidade de amplia??o do conceito de engajamento, de pol?tica e de redefini??o dos pressupostos te?ricos usados por Sartre para fundamentar essa quest?o.

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The text Education, ethics and dialogue since Levinas and Gadamer, presented as a doctoral thesis in the Postgraduate Program in Education from PUC-RS, intends to investigate the relations between education and dialogue, in order to achieve the concept of education understood here as inseparable from its ethical condition. Admitting the inexistence of any universal grounding which support education, as well as any predetermined goals that guide educative action, this text takes the theoretical direction in favor of an ethical discursivity as a way to legitimate educational discourse. Furthermore, this theoretical course has a clear option in the conceptions of dialogue brought up by two philosophers: Emmanuel Levinas and Hans-Georg Gadamer. Therefore, in the text there is an elaboration of theoretical bases which enable us to understand the educational phenomenon, assuming the dialogue as the first movement of its occurrence. Once this introduction is made, it should be said that this paper develops around the following question: considering the impossibility of universal groundings for education and the resulting requirement to constructing legitimacy through discursivity, what implications can the dialogue conceptions presented in the philosophical theories of Levinas and Gadamer bring to the understanding of educational phenomenon? In order to answer this question rightly, observing the prior conjectures already mentioned, the text is organized around four important concepts which are articulately investigated together: sensibility, subjectivity, language and education. Each chapter is organized regarding one of these four concepts.Through these chapters is possible to observe a progressive elaboration of the final thesis, which is presented in two articulate stages: firstly as a conceptual dialogue between Levinas and Gadamer, who never had such oncoming in life; from this approach between both authors, derives the idea of dialogue that justifies the concept of education presented in the text. The concept of sensibility provides the title to the chapter that explores it in a direct articulation with the aesthetic experience, reaching one of the richest ideas of this study: openness, term often used by Gadamer and rather close to the Levinasian idea of welcome. The concept of subjectivity is explored in the second chapter, from the limits of modern philosophy of consciousness, to the openness to intersubjectivity as the condition so that it is possible to talk about a conception of subject. After the initial approach about sensibility and the attitude taken towards subjectivity based on intersubjectivity, a condition of originality that the dialogue takes in human relations starts to be justified. The third chapter aims to explain the concept of language, articulating authors referring to the philosophical movement of the linguistic turn up to the proposal of an ethical character of language: the dialogue as inaugural of ethics and, consequently, as first movement in education. The final chapter dedicates to summarize these four concepts in favor of what is formulated in the research question as comprehension of educational phenomenon . Thus, the text culminates presenting a conception of education which arises from the openness to the other revealed in the dialogue, and which has its occurrence marked by the possibility of the subject to constitute itself in the educative relation established.Read in a transversal way, the text enables us to perceive that: a) at the beginning of each chapter the debate context about the concept under discussion is presented, indicating the problems concerning education; b) at the second and third part of each chapter the aforementioned concepts from Levinas and Gadamer works are explored, respectively; c) at the fourth part of each chapter the first stage of the thesis elaboration takes place, which is the construction of a dialogue between the two authors referred; d) and, finally, at the last stage of each chapter, the concepts are applied to the reflection about the educational phenomenon until it culminates in the final thesis of this work. This whole work is presented as a theoretical study about the issue, built from a conceptual philosophic referential which was understood and applied so as to justify a comprehension about education. It is not an elaboration of a pedagogical proposal to be implanted. Instead, this work intends to be a philosophical description of a human phenomenon: the education. As such, the thesis does not point out for actions to be made, but describes and analyzes conceptually which movements can be recognized as educative action. The educational phenomenon can be understood, through this study, as a human event that: a) starts to manifest itself from an encounter between subjects who set up, in openness, into a conversation; and b) creates conditions so that each subject is able to elaborate their life experiences so as to provide a human sophistication from sensibility to rationality
O texto Educa??o, ?tica e di?logo desde Levinas e Gadamer, apresentado como tese doutoral junto ao Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Educa??o da PUC-RS, prop?e-se a investigar as rela??es entre educa??o e di?logo, a fim de perscrutar uma concep??o de educa??o aqui concebida como insepar?vel de sua condi??o ?tica. Admitindo a inexist?ncia de quaisquer fundamentos universais que sustentem a educa??o, e quaisquer finalidades predeterminadas que orientem a a??o educativa, o texto toma a dire??o te?rica em favor de uma discursividade ?tica como via de legitimidade do discurso educacional. E este percurso te?rico tem uma op??o clara nas concep??es de di?logo trazidas por dois fil?sofos: Emmanuel Levinas e Hans-Georg Gadamer. Portanto, ao longo do texto encontra-se a elabora??o de bases te?ricas que possibilitem a compreens?o do fen?meno educacional, assumindo o di?logo como movimento primeiro de seu acontecimento. Feitas essas considera??es, cabe dizer que o presente trabalho orienta-se em torno da seguinte quest?o: considerando-se a impossibilidade de fundamentos universais para a educa??o e a consequente exig?ncia de constru??o de legitimidade via discursividade, que implica??es as concep??es de di?logo apresentadas nas teorias filos?ficas de Levinas e Gadamer podem trazer para a compreens?o do fen?meno educacional? A fim de responder adequadamente ? quest?o apontada, observando os pressupostos j? referidos, o texto organiza-se em torno de quatro grandes conceitos que s?o explorados articuladamente entre si: sensibilidade, subjetividade, linguagem e educa??o. Em torno de cada um destes quatro conceitos ? organizado um dos cap?tulos da tese.Ao longo destes cap?tulos observa-se uma elabora??o gradual da tese final, que se apresenta em duas etapas articuladas: primeiramente como di?logo conceitual entre Levinas e Gadamer, dois autores que em vida n?o tiveram tal aproxima??o; desta aproxima??o entre os autores, deriva a concep??o de di?logo que justificar? a concep??o de educa??o apresentada ao longo do texto. O conceito de sensibilidade d? t?tulo ao cap?tulo que o explora em articula??o direta com a experi?ncia est?tica e chega at? uma das ideias mais caras a este estudo: a abertura, termo recorrentemente utilizado por Gadamer e bastante pr?ximo da ideia levinasiana de acolhida. O conceito de subjetividade ? explorado no segundo cap?tulo desde os limites da filosofia moderna da consci?ncia, at? a abertura ? intersubjetividade como condi??o para que se possa ainda tratar de uma concep??o de sujeito. Com a abordagem inicial sobre a sensibilidade e o posicionamento dado ? subjetividade a partir da intersubjetividade, come?a-se a justificar uma condi??o de originalidade que o di?logo toma nas rela??es humanas. O terceiro cap?tulo explora o conceito de linguagem, articulando os autores de refer?ncia ao movimento filos?fico do giro lingu?stico at? a proposi??o de um car?ter ?tico da linguagem: o di?logo como inaugural da ?tica e, por conseguinte, como movimento primeiro na educa??o. O cap?tulo final dedica-se a fazer a s?ntese dos conceitos j? abordados em favor do que ? tratado na quest?o de pesquisa como compreens?o do fen?meno educacional. Deste modo, o texto culmina apresentando uma concep??o de educa??o que se origina da abertura a outrem manifesta no di?logo, e que tem seu acontecimento marcado pela possibilidade que d? ao sujeito de formar-se na rela??o educativa estabelecida.Se lido de modo transversal, o texto permitir? perceber que: a) ao in?cio de cada cap?tulo ? apresentado um contexto de debate sobre o conceito em voga, apontando a problem?tica atinente ? educa??o; b) na segunda e terceira partes de cada cap?tulo exploram-se os conceitos mencionados a partir das obras de Levinas e de Gadamer, respectivamente; c) na quarta parte de cada cap?tulo d?-se a primeira etapa de formula??o de tese, que ? a constru??o de di?logo entre os dois autores de refer?ncia; d) e, por fim, na ?ltima etapa de cada cap?tulo, os conceitos s?o aplicados ? reflex?o sobre o fen?meno educacional at? culminar com a tese final do trabalho. Todo o trabalho apresenta-se como um estudo te?rico sobre o tema, constru?do a partir de um referencial conceitual filos?fico que foi interpretado e aplicado de modo a justificar uma compreens?o sobre a educa??o. N?o se trata da elabora??o de uma proposta pedag?gica a ser implantada. Antes disso, o trabalho prop?e-se a ser uma descri??o filos?fica sobre um fen?meno humano: a educa??o. Como tal, a tese n?o aponta a??es a serem praticadas, mas descreve e analisa conceitualmente quais movimentos podem ser reconhecidos como a??o educativa. O que se compreende por fen?meno educacional, a partir deste estudo, ? um acontecimento humano que: a) principia a manifestar-se a partir de um encontro entre sujeitos que se p?e, em abertura, numa conversa??o; e b) promove condi??es para que cada sujeito seja capaz de elaborar as experi?ncias vividas de modo a, assim, proporcionar um refinamento humano desde a sensibilidade at? a racionalidade.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The present theses had origin from the questions that the reading of the essay The incapacity for conversation, by the German philosopher Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900 ? 2002) present in the second volume of his book Truth and Method, realized during the doctorate course raised in me, the author of this study. Those questions made myself confuse about the understanding that I had so far about the dialogicity of the restorative proceedings that has been inserted in the School with the intention of peacefully resolving conflicts, avoiding the judicialisation and the violence perpetuation, which I had evolved during my professional trajectory in the municipal education network in Porto Alegre. This suspicion instigates to increase my knowledge, searching answers to these questions, even without having the claim of arrive with them to question depletion, since the possibilities to asking about something will never extinguish under the hermeneutics perspective that orientate the development of this study. To reach the desired answers, it was necessary commit me to a hermeneutics and philosophical reading of a part of the vast gadamerian work and others dedicated philosophers who study it for, thus, realize a conversation with these texts and with myself, allowed myself, as reader and interpreter, to change by this experience that provided the revision of my understanding and the overcoming of some mistaken assumptions, as well as the expansion of my horizon through the fusion of my horizon with the gadamerian horizon. As a result, it was possible comprehend that the achievable dialogicity in the restorative practices also depends of the teaching formative understanding, which will influence in lesser or greater perspective on the overcome of some of the naturalized professional conditioning that disable them to the conversation and make themselves necessary to the posture of who assume the responsibility for the facilitating of this type of meeting in the School.
A presente tese teve origem nas perguntas que a leitura do ensaio A incapacidade para o di?logo, do fil?sofo alem?o Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900 - 2002), presente no segundo volume de sua obra Verdade e M?todo, realizada durante o curso do Doutorado, suscitaram em mim, a autora desse estudo. Perguntas estas que me fizeram duvidar do entendimento que eu tinha at? ent?o acerca da dialogicidade dos procedimentos restaurativos que v?m sendo inseridos na Escola com a inten??o de resolver conflitos pacificamente, de evitar a judicializa??o dos mesmos e a perpetua??o da viol?ncia, com as quais me envolvi durante minha trajet?ria profissional na rede municipal de ensino de Porto Alegre. Essa desconfian?a me instigou a ampliar meu conhecimento, buscando respostas a essas perguntas, mesmo sem ter a pretens?o de chegar com elas a um esgotamento da quest?o, j? que as possibilidades de se perguntar sobre algo nunca se extinguem sob a perspectiva hermen?utica que orienta o desenvolvimento desse estudo. Para chegar ?s respostas almejadas, foi necess?rio entregar-me a uma leitura hermen?utico-filos?fica de parte da vasta obra gadameriana e de outros fil?sofos dedicados a estud?-la para, ent?o, realizar uma conversa??o com esses textos e comigo mesma, permitindo-me, como leitora e int?rprete, ser modificada por essa experi?ncia que proporcionou a revis?o do meu entendimento e a supera??o de alguns pressupostos equivocados, bem como a amplia??o de meu horizonte atrav?s da fus?o de meu horizonte com o horizonte gadameriano. Em decorr?ncia disso, foi poss?vel compreender que a dialogicidade alcan??vel nas pr?ticas restaurativas dependem tamb?m do entendimento formativo docente, o qual influenciar? em menor ou maior perspectiva na supera??o de alguns dos condicionamentos profissionais naturalizados que os incapacitam para o di?logo e que se fazem necess?rios ? postura dos que assumem a responsabilidade pela facilita??o desse tipo de encontro na Escola.

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The network society has had its boundaries outlined through the information and communication technologies - ICTs, especially after the birth of the Internet. In that context, based on the rules of human dignity and free personality development, the acknowledgment of fundamental rights to access the Internet is a clear fact. In the virtual environment, the scales of space and time have changed dramatically. The quantitative growth of information broadcasted in the Web has gained qualitative features, representing risks to rights of several natures, such as the right to privacy and the protection of personal data. Government entities and especially private companies worldwide have been using advanced technologies of massive data processing. The result of such process is the elaboration of individual and collective profiles which are used as a basis for the implementation of software for marketing and discrimination usage. In that sense, once we acknowledge the symbiotic relation between Law and Internet, the necessity of legal regulation of the Internet amongst the surveillance society becomes clear. Aware that the traditional legal approach does not follow the technology evolution of the virtual environment, new regulation models are necessary. Under this view, there is the mixed model suggested by Lawrence Lessig, from the mutual interaction of the social standards, market, Law and the architecture of the Web. As a complement to the author?s suggestion, there is the necessary reflection about the Internet users? behavior in the Web, the implementation of international cooperation policies, as well as a reinterpretation of the contracts in the virtual environment. Such situation reveals the sovereign regulator nature of the Law and boosts its effectiveness in the cyberspace.
A Sociedade-rede passou a ter seus contornos delineados por interm?dio das tecnologias da informa??o e comunica??o - TICs, notadamente ap?s o advento da Internet. Nesse contexto, fundado nos preceitos da dignidade da pessoa humana e livre desenvolvimento da personalidade, depreende-se o reconhecimento do direito fundamental ao acesso ? Internet. No ambiente virtual as escalas de espa?o e tempo foram drasticamente alteradas. O crescimento quantitativo de informa??es veiculadas na Rede ganhou fei??es qualitativas, representando riscos a direitos de diversas ordens, tais como o direito ? privacidade e ? prote??o de dados pessoais. Entidades p?blicas e especialmente empresas privadas de ?mbito mundial empregam tecnologias avan?adas de processamento massivo de dados. O resultado desse processo ? a elabora??o de perfis individuais e coletivos que servem como base para o implemento de programas de cunho mercadol?gico e discriminat?rio. Nesse sentido, reconhecida a rela??o simbi?ntica entre Direito e Internet, extrai-se a necessidade de regula??o jur?dica da Internet em meio ? sociedade de vigil?ncia. Ciente de que a abordagem jur?dica tradicional n?o acompanha a evolu??o tecnol?gica do ambiente virtual, novos modelos regulat?rios s?o necess?rios. Sob essa ?tica, apresenta-se o modelo misto proposto por Lawrence Lessig, fruto da intera??o rec?proca das normas sociais, mercado, Direito e a arquitetura da Rede. Em complemento ? proposta do autor, agrega-se a necess?ria reflex?o acerca do comportamento do internauta na Rede, o implemento de pol?ticas de coopera??o internacional, bem como uma releitura dos contratos no ambiente virtual. Tal conjuntura revela o car?ter regulador soberano do Direito e potencializa sua efetividade no ciberespa?o.

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This work, a survey of theoretical nature, seeks to clarify the considerations of Winnicott on the stage of concern. This concept was developed by the author in order to emphasize positive aspects in the phenomenon described by Melanie Klein under the name depressive position; For Winnicott something is lost when we import the psychiatry the term depression to describe an achievement that belongs to the natural ripening process of the human being. To note the progress that Winnicott proposes in his own description of the depressive position were read by means of a critical analysis, the main author of the texts relating to the phenomenon in question, seeking to relate them to his work, that of Melanie Klein as well as the principal authors of these commentators. Winnicott's ideas related to this process, in its broadest and indicating that such a development is an extension of what already done by Klein, feature is that this takes place in a dual (parent-child) relationship, previous, so the complex Oedipus and forms the basis of constructive deed. A crafted hypothesis in this study is that Winnicott, to develop a theory of development, which is described as a function of the ego and its constant tendency towards integration, as well as noting the fundamental importance of the mother-infant relationship, eventually expanding theories that are a function of ID or instinct (both in-phase and positions) and offers the possibility to describe the stage of concern as the time integration of instinctual life, the ability to observe, in health, the development of be constructive, communicative, social - in this context, with the instinctual to his service, the service life of the ego - and, in sickness, provides us with a theory that helps understanding, acting on, and the possibility of prevention, pathologies associated with depressed mood .
Este trabalho, uma pesquisa de natureza te?rica, visa esclarecer as considera??es de Winnicott sobre a fase do concern. Tal conceito foi desenvolvido pelo o autor com o intuito de ressaltar aspectos positivos no fen?meno descrito por Melanie Klein sob a denomina??o posi??o depressiva; para Winnicott algo se perde ao importarmos da psiquiatria o termo depress?o para descrevermos uma conquista que pertence ao processo natural de amadurecimento do ser humano. A fim de notar os avan?os que Winnicott prop?e em sua descri??o pr?pria da posi??o depressiva foram lidos, por meio de uma an?lise cr?tica, os principais textos do autor relativos ao fen?meno em quest?o, buscando relacion?-los a sua obra, a de Melanie Klein bem como dos principais comentadores destes autores. As ideias de Winnicott correspondentes a este processo, em sua caracter?stica mais ampla e, indicando que tal desenvolvimento representa uma amplia??o daquilo j? feito por Klein, ? que este se d? em uma rela??o dual (m?e-beb?), anterior, portanto, ao complexo de ?dipo e constitui a base do fazer construtivo. A hip?tese trabalhada neste estudo ? a de que Winnicott, ao desenvolver uma teoria do desenvolvimento, sendo esta descrita em fun??o do ego e de sua permanente tend?ncia ? integra??o, bem como fazendo notar a import?ncia fundamental da rela??o m?e-beb?, acaba por ampliar as teorias que o fazem em fun??o do id ou do instinto (tanto em fase como em posi??es) e oferece a possibilidade, ao descrever o est?gio do concern como o momento da integra??o da vida instintual, a possibilidade de observarmos, na sa?de, o desenvolvimento do ser construtivo, comunicativo, social neste contexto, com a vida instintual a seu servi?o, a servi?o do ego , e, na doen?a, nos fornece uma teoria que auxilia a compreens?o, a a??o sobre, bem como a possibilidade da preven??o, de patologias associadas ao humor deprimido.

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This research aims at investigating psychoanalytically a psychologist's role at a baby shelter, taking into consideration that environmental care is paramount in the early stages of human development. It discusses a problem that proves relevant from clinical, psychosocial and ethical perspectives, since it focuses on the future and well-being of dependent humans who are part of the next generation. Research was based on an operationalization strategy of the psychoanalytical method for empirical research. Our object of study is the experience of working directly with babies in institutional shelters, and this experience was registered in the form of a autobiographic transferential narrative written after the experience, and which included not only facts, but also countertransferential impact and the researcher's reflections. The narrative was then psychoanalytically interpreted as means of allowing the interpretative production of two affective-emotional or subconscious meaning fields: "Helping" and "Hindering". There was a movement between these two fields as the psychologist intervened with direct care, failing to meet institutional expectations which included a fantasy of dealing with the issues without affecting the institution's routine and the idea that concrete problems would be dealt with comprehensively. This movement is analyzed reflexively using Winnicott's concept of failure, a possible occurrence that contains both rights and wrongs. In conclusion, the paradoxical nature of this work might help expand the understanding of the limits and the range of the psychologist's role in the field of social work in general and, more specifically, in the care of shelter babies.
A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar psicanaliticamente a inser??o do psic?logo em abrigo institucional que atende beb?s, a partir do reconhecimento de que a provis?o de cuidados ambientais, nas fases iniciais do desenvolvimento humano, ? fundamental. Incide sobre problema relevante desde perspectivas cl?nicas, psicossociais e ?ticas, na medida em que se articula a partir de preocupa??o como bem estar e futuro de pessoas dependentes que integrar?o as pr?ximas gera??es. O trabalho organizou-se ao redor de uma estrat?gia de operacionaliza??o do m?todo psicanal?tico para realiza??o de pesquisas emp?ricas. O acontecer cl?nico constituiu-se a partir de experi?ncia de trabalho direto com beb?s em abrigos institucionais, que foi registrada sob a forma de uma narrativa transferencial de car?ter autobiogr?fico. A elabora??o do texto narrativo deu-se posteriormente ? experi?ncia, incluindo tanto ocorr?ncias fatuais como impactos contratransferenciais e reflex?es do psic?logo/pesquisador. A seguir, a narrativa foi interpretada psicanaliticamente, permitindo a produ??o interpretativa de dois campos de sentido afetivo-emocional ou inconscientes relativos: Solucionando e Atrapalhando . Ficou constatado um tr?nsito entre campos, que certamente deriva da interven??o do psic?logo, que, ao assumir cuidados diretos, deixa de atender ?s expectativas institucionais, tanto no registro fantasioso de solucionar a quest?o sem afetar as rotinas, como no sentido de n?o lidar de modo compreensivo com as dificuldades concretas. O trabalho finaliza com interlocu??es reflexivas, que focalizam o tr?nsito entre campos para pens?-lo como falha no sentido winnicottiano do termo, vale dizer, como o acontecer poss?vel, que cont?m em si, simultaneamente, acertos e desacertos. Conclui-se que, por sua via paradoxal, aqui se completa uma produ??o que pode contribuir significativamente para uma maior compreens?o dos limites e alcances da atua??o do psic?logo no campo da assist?ncia social em geral e, mais especificamente, no campo do cuidado a beb?s abrigados.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
Most knowledge and techniques developed by mankind since ancient times had the main purpose to study and understand the various phenomena of Nature. Science, like one of these narratives, works as a translation, transcribing what, is systematically observed. Within the set of transformations on the modern sciences, the dialogue with related areas became quite narrow and, occasionally, functional, and the dialogue with non-related areas, in turn, does not takes place by any matters. The focus of this research is the teaching of Biological Sciences, and the undergraduate courses as strategic places to disseminate a broad understanding of Nature, that broadens the conceptual relations between different disciplinary axes, previously fragmented. In order to do so, I take a four-way metaphorical approach as a methodological construction base. Three of them proposed by Jo?l de Rosnay, represented by artifacts: The Telescope, The Microscope and the Macroscope. And finally, a proposition that complements the approach, that i named The Naked Eye. In Telescope, which allows a more general construct of a phenomenon, I discuss the teaching of Biological Sciences in Brazil. In the microscope, which allows us to analyze in detail a scenario, I construct a rank of the major courses in biological sciences and propose a discussion on the understanding of nature on the undergraduate programs. In Macroscope, who allows, at the same time, zoom in and out to the phenomenon observed, I call for a transdisciplinary dialogue, based on the authors Ilya Prigogine, Basarab Nicolescu, Henri Atlan and Bruno Latour, which can certainly contribute to the curriculum of the Biologists training programs, that builds knowledge pertinent to a complex observation of Nature. I complete the set of the quaternary reading and understanding of the world from the Naked Eye, as the first strategy of perception in our species. For this, I invite the philosopher of Nature Chico Lucas da Silva as my interlocutor
Desde tempos antigos a maioria dos saberes e t?cnicas desenvolvidas pela humanidade tiveram como prop?sito compreender e estudar os fen?menos da natureza. A ci?ncia, como uma destas narrativas, funciona como instrumento de tradu??o, transcrevendo aquilo que, sistematicamente ? observado. Como parte do protocolo das ci?ncias modernas, as Ci?ncias Biol?gicas compreendem um meti? de saberes e t?cnicas que se disp?em a estudar os fen?menos da vida. Mas n?o s?. Dentro do conjunto das transforma??es que passam as ci?ncias modernas o di?logo com ?reas correlatas tornou-se bastante estreito e pontualmente funcional, enquanto que, por sua vez, o di?logo com ?reas n?o correlatas tornou-se inexistente. Nesta pesquisa problematizo o ensino de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas como lugar estrat?gico para construir uma compreens?o de natureza que amplie as rela??es conceituais entre diferentes eixos disciplinares, anteriormente fragmentados. Para isto, tomo como base quatro vias de aproxima??o metaf?ricas para problematizar a forma??o do bi?logo no Brasil. Tr?s delas propostas por Jo?l de Rosnay, representadas pelos artefatos: O Telesc?pio, O Microsc?pio e O Macrosc?pio. E por fim, uma proposi??o complementar que intitulo o Olho Nu. Por meio da met?fora do Telesc?pio, que permite construir um olhar mais geral sobre um fen?meno, trato do ensino de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas no Brasil. Por meio da met?fora do Microsc?pio, que permite analisar o detalhe, construo um ranking dos principais cursos de Biologia e proponho uma discuss?o sobre as compreens?es de natureza que fundamentam a forma??o do bi?logo. Por meio da met?fora do Macrosc?pio, que permite religar e distanciar a parte e o todo de um fen?meno observado, problematizo as bases para um di?logo transdisciplinar tendo como refer?ncia autores como Ilya Prigogine, Basarab Nicolescu, Henri Atlan e Bruno Latour. Completa esse conjunto quatern?rio de met?foras uma leitura e compreens?o do mundo a partir do Olho Nu, como estrat?gia de uma percep??o mais pr?xima da natureza. A refer?ncia para este dom?nio ? o fil?sofo da natureza Chico Lucas da Silva

The purpose of this report is to explore the intentions and inspirations involved with my studio art practice. It explores theories of reference and language, humor, abjection, reification, and the building and breakdown of meaning within my artwork.
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Brands, as humans, may be different when it comes to their personality. Among the several traits building brand personality, brand gender is one of the most critical ones. Brand logos, as the primary design elements of a brand and as a critical communication cues, may significantly influence brand gender perceptions. With this research, we aim to examine how different brand logo design elements, more specifically the naturalness of logo design (organic and cultural designs), logo shape (angular and rounded), logo boldness (heavier and slender) and colour hue (light pink and dark blue) influence brand gender perceptions and, if, ultimately, brand-design-induced gender perceptions lead to positive affect towards the logo. First, an in-depth literature review is presented, where the variables analysed in this study are discussed. Based on this literature reviews, a research model was developed and research hypotheses were formulated. Subsequently, to investigate these topics, a quantitative research was held through an online survey. This relied on a sample of unknown and manipulated logos, used as stimuli for the analysis. This study counted with a total of 357 completed surveys, to a range of 32 manipulated logos. Results suggest that logo design elements significantly evoke brand gender perceptions, when properly combined and that affect towards the logo is enhanced by the congruence between the consumer perceived gender and the logo perceived gender, in the masculine gender perception.
À semelhança dos seres humanos, as marcas possuem personalidade, o que as carateriza como únicas. A personalidade da marca é constituída por diversos subconstrutos, sendo o género da marca um dos mais relevantes. Como primordial elemento visual de uma marca, ocupando uma posição de destaque no que diz respondei à estratégia de branding, o logótipo de uma marca possui, segundo a literatura, a capacidade de influenciar as perceções do género da marca. Com este estudo, pretendemos analisar a relação entres alguns elementos fundamentais do design do logótipo e a perceção de género da marca, e verificar se as perceções de género induzidas pelo design do logótipo levam a um afeto mais positivo para com a marca detentora desse logótipo. Esta dissertação apresenta uma análise crítica da revisão da literatura, onde as variáveis do estudo são detalhadamente analisadas. Com base nessa revisão da literatura, é apresentado um modelo de investigação e são formuladas hipóteses. De modo a confirmar essas hipóteses e responder, assim, às questões de investigação, é desenvolvido um estudo quantitativo. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um inquérito online. Um total de 32 logótipos foram utilizados como estímulo e analisados por 357 inquiridos. Os resultados demonstram que combinações adequadas de elementos de design do logótipo invocam, positivamente, perceções de género da marca. Adicionalmente, concluímos que o resultado da congruência entre o género percebido do logótipo e do consumidor se trata de um maior afeto do consumidor para com o logótipo.

In recent years, much has been said about the possibility of artificial intelligence becoming an ally of the designer, as well as the possibility that in the future it will replace the designer in brand design. This study purposes to analyze and understand what impacts the advances in technology and more precisely artificial intelligence can contribute to the development of brand design. It was made a literature review (in AI and design), analysis of previous studies and interviews, in order to create a conceptual proposal for a logo creation model through artificial intelligence. It was concluded that although it appears that artificial intelligence could be close to creating logos, in reality is still far from that goal. Despite this, the study of artificial intelligence in design can even help designers, with new tools that will allow them to work better, especially in terms of formalizing ideas and research and solidifying the discipline theoretically.
Nos últimos anos, muito se tem falado sobre a possibilidade da inteligência artificial se tornar uma aliada do designer, bem como sobre a possibilidade de, no futuro, substituir o designer na identidade visual das marcas. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar e compreender quais os impactos que os avanços da tecnologia e mais precisamente da inteligência artificial podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento do design de marcas. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura (em AI e design), analise de estudos feitos anteriormente e entrevistas, para assim criar uma proposta conceptual de um modelo de criação de logos através de inteligência artificial. Concluiu-se que apesar de parecer que a inteligência artificial poderá estar perto de criar logos, na realidade ainda se encontra longe de tal objetivo. Apesar disso, o estudo da inteligência artificial em design pode mesmo ajudar os designers, com ferramentas novas que permitirão este trabalhar melhor, especialmente na parte de formalização de ideias e pesquisa e a solidificarem a disciplina teoricamente.