Artykuły w czasopismach: „Nitriding”

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A-Hussein Al-Taee, Abbas. "Fatigue Behaviour of Nitrided En41A Nitralloy Steel". FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 2, nr 1 (6.11.2006): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v2i1.90.

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It has been recognized that the fatigue properties of metals are greatly affected by the surface condition. In steel parts a marked improvement in fatigue performance can result from the formation of hard layer on the surface. The processes commonly used for surface hardening are nitridig and carburizing. The reason for such improvement is attributed to the formation of compressive residual stresses in the hardened layer. Nitriding processes produce higher hardness, hence induces higher compressive residual stresses., which effectively increase fatigue performance. In this work, a mixture of (NH3 –H2 )) gas was used for nitriding fatigue specimens of En41 A steel. The effect of nitriding condition such as, temperature, ammonia content., nitriding time, hardness, microstructure and the depth of nitrided layer was investigated. The results from fatigue tests were discussed and related with the hardness and the nature of microstructure of nitrided layer. It was found that higher hardness without the formation of Iron-nitride layer ( white layer) gives better fatigue properties.

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Sklizkov, Ivan Dmitrievich, Ruslan Karimovich Vafin, Alexandr Vladislavovich Asylbaev i Daniil Valerievich Mamontov. "Investigation of influence of ion nitriding in the glow discharge with magnetic field on microstructure and microhardness of steel HSS M2 with preliminary plastic deformation". Materials. Technologies. Design 5, nr 3 (13) (6.12.2023): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54708/26587572_2023_5313143.

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This work was devoted to the study of the influence of magnetic field on microhardness of HSS M2steel during ion nitriding in the glow discharge. The samples were preliminarily subjected to intenseplastic torsion deformation (IPTD). Standard methods of optical metallography and microhardnessmeasurements were used in the experiments. It was found that IPTD allows creating ultrafine-grained(UFG) structure in the material, and magnetic field allows intensifying the process of ion nitriding byincreasing the number of ionization acts, which leads to an increase in the thickness of the diffusionlayer and microhardness compared to ion nitriding without preliminary IPTD and without magneticfield. The results obtained indicate the importance of using a magnetic field during ion nitridingin the glow discharge. The described effects are of potential interest for improving the mechanicalproperties of high-speed steels.

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Kartikasari, Ratna, Adi Subardi, Rivan Muhfidin, Ihwanul Aziz, Marwan Effendy, Triyono Triyono i Kuncoro Diharjo. "Development of Fe-13.8Cr-8.9Mn alloy for steel biomaterials". Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 6, nr 12 (126) (27.12.2023): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.293009.

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Traumatic, osteoarthritic, tumoral, and congenital bone issues impact human lives and health. The next generation of bone implants is made from biodegradable materials, including Fe-based materials with superior mechanical properties and high biocompatibility. However, efforts to inhibit the risk of inflammation and bacterial infection due to the biological response and corrosion properties of metals are a significant challenge. This study aims to develop biomaterials based on Fe-Cr-Mn alloys to obtain superior physical and mechanical properties through plasma nitriding. Each sample was plasma-nitridated in a vacuum chamber at various temperatures of 250–450 °C for 3 hours at a pressure of 1.8 kPa. Several main tests were performed to investigate the effects of plasma nitriding, such as the chemical compositions of raw material, surface nitrogen contents, phase changes, thickness, hardness, and corrosion. Those parameters were then used to evaluate plasma nitriding's effectiveness, including observing the change in phenomena at each temperature treatment. The results indicated that forming the S phase on the surface of Fe-13.8Cr-8.9Mn alloy is a saturated solution of nitrogen in ɣ-Fe, where the nitrogen content on the surface increases with increasing nitriding temperature. The layer's surface hardness is uniform across its whole thickness, which reduces as the grade of raw material passes through the nitride layer. The highest hardness at a nitriding temperature of 450 °C reached 625.3 VHN. The findings showed that the corrosion rate decreased significantly, reaching the lowest value, 0.0018 mm/year, at a plasma nitriding temperature of 450 °C. Plasma nitriding could enhance the physical and mechanical properties of Fe-Cr-Mn alloy

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Badisch, Ewald, Andreas Trausmuth, Manel Rodríguez Ripoll, Alexander Diem, Wolfgang Kunze, Johann Glück, Klaus Lingenhöle i Peter Orth. "Influence of Nitrocarburizing Process Parameters on the Development of Surface Roughness and Layer Formation". Key Engineering Materials 674 (styczeń 2016): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.674.325.

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Nitriding of tools and engineering components is a well-established surface modification procedure in many industries to ensure operational efficiency. The focus of this work is laid on understanding the influence of nitriding processing technology on the resulting surface properties which strongly dominate its tribological performance. Therefore, nitriding layers based on salt bath and plasma procedure were realised using 31CrMoV9 substrate. The surface roughness before nitriding was set to a Ra value of ~0.16 μm which corresponds to at technically fine grinded surface. 3D measurements as well as SEM micrographs of the nitrided surfaces were compared to the original surface prior to the nitriding procedure. Additionally, cross-section microscopy and hardness depth profiles were done to describe nitriding layer structure and nitriding hardness depth (NHD). Results show a correlation of nitriding processing parameters with the resulting compound layer formation and nitriding hardening depth (NHD). An increase of surface roughness during nitriding can be correlated with the growth of ɛ-nitrides on top of the surface.

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Xiong, Xin Hong, Jia Lin Chen, Dun Miao Quan i Qiao Xin Zhang. "Research on the Nitriding Effect of Ta-10W with Change of Process Parameters". Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (czerwiec 2014): 1406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.1406.

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Plasma nitriding is a thermochemical treatment method to make the metal surface reinforced. It can be used to significantly improve the surface hardness, abrasion resistance, fatigue strength, corrosion and erosion resistance. This paper presents a study of the influence of nitriding temperature and holding time on the nitriding effect while different nitriding process parameters are adopted on Ta-10W board samples by plasma nitriding technology. The result shows that nitriding temperature is the key parameter to the final effect of nitriding. Samples nitrided at 950oC for 10h get thicker nitride layer and more nitrogen in nitride layer.

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Liu, Yong, Xing Sheng Lao, Chun Hui Dai i Shi Wei Yao. "Study on Surface Structure and Properties of Titanium Alloy Modified by Ion Nitriding". Materials Science Forum 1005 (sierpień 2020): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1005.24.

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TC4 titanium alloy was treated by ion nitriding. The structure of nitriding layer was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The depth and microhardness of nitriding layer were measured. The frictional properties of titanium alloy before and after nitriding were compared by friction test. The results show that the ion nitriding technology can form a stable nitriding layer with a depth of up to 20μm and a surface hardness of 560 HV0.2. At the same time, after nitriding, the wear resistance of the titanium alloy surface is improved. And the coefficient of friction between the friction pair is reduced.

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ISHIKAWA, Nobuyuki, Tetsuo SHIRAGA, Kaoru SATO, Moriyuki ISHIGURO, Hitoshi KABASAWA i Yoshihiro KUWAHARA. "Effects of Nitriding Temperature on Gas Nitriding Property of Steels for Nitriding". Tetsu-to-Hagane 82, nr 2 (1996): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.82.2_164.

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Li, Wan Jun, i Xiao Xia Li. "Research on Gas Nitriding Technology Catalyzed by Rare Earth for 40CrNiMoA Alloy Steel". Materials Science Forum 953 (maj 2019): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.953.21.

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A kind of gas nitriding method catalyzed by rare earth for 40CrNiMoA alloy steel was researched in this article. Effect of temperature on surface hardness of gas nitriding method catalyzed by rare earth, change law of layer depth with time at 500 °C were carried out and compared with normal gas nitriding. Based on these researches, gas nitriding method catalyzed by rare earth was optimized. The results show that gas nitriding catalyzed by rare earth can not only increase the nitriding speed, but also enhance the surface hardness of the nitriding layer. Using three - stage gas nitriding method catalyzed by rare earth and after 40 hours, the samples can meet the need of nitrided layer depth no less than 0.5mm, surface vickers hardness no less than 600.

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Berladir, Khrystyna, Tetiana Hovorun, Vitalii Ivanov, Djordje Vukelic i Ivan Pavlenko. "Diffusion Nitride Coatings for Heat-Resistant Steels". Materials 16, nr 21 (26.10.2023): 6877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16216877.

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The effect of ion nitriding and nitriding in a melamine-based powder mixture on the structure and properties of AISI A290C1M steel was studied in the paper. Using ion nitriding made it possible to shorten the technological cycle’s duration by 5–6 times compared to two-stage nitriding, optimize the diffusion layer’s composition, provide a technologically simple process automation scheme, and improve the quality of nitride coatings. After the proposed mode of ion nitriding, a saturated layer depth of 0.25–0.32 mm, hardness up to 1000 HV, and an increase in wear resistance by 2.17 times were obtained. Using 95% melamine + 5% sodium fluoride during nitriding in a powder mixture significantly simplified the technological process. It did not require additional expensive equipment, which in turn significantly simplified the nitriding process with energy savings. The proposed technology and the composition of the mixture contributed to a significant acceleration of the nitriding process of AISI A290C1M steel, compared to traditional gas nitriding, and to obtain a hardness of the nitride layer of 970 HV and an increase in wear resistance by 2.6 times. A nitriding speed is explained by a significantly higher amount of atomic nitrogen when using melamine instead of ammonia and by the almost simultaneous disintegration of nanodispersed particles when the nitriding temperature was reached. After nitriding in a powder mixture, steel was subject to the slightest wear.

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Senatorski, Jan, Paweł Mączyński i Jan Tacikowski. "A comparison of some properties of the computer controlled nitriding process versus carburizing". Inżynieria Powierzchni 26, nr 1 (8.06.2021): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.8775.

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A comparison is presented of the nitriding and carburizing processes. Traditional gas nitriding, despite its several advantages over carburizing, has still not achieved its due popularity. The key factor is inadequate process control. An industrial-scale computerized system, employing the nitriding potential as the fundamental controlling parameter, can produce repeatable, superior nitriding results, limiting layer brittleness and enhancing usable properties. Results obtained showed that nitriding layers match carburized layers in fatigue, while exceeding them in both impact strength and wear resistance. The superiority of the computer-controlled process over traditional nitriding is illustrated by results of wear testing. The advent of controlled nitriding makes this process a viable alternative to carburizing.

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Michalski, J., K. Burdyński, P. Wach i Z. Łataś. "Nitrogen Availability Of Nitriding Atmosphere In Controlled Gas Nitriding Processes". Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, nr 2 (1.06.2015): 747–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0201.

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Abstract Parameters which characterize the nitriding atmosphere in the gas nitriding process of steel are: the nitriding potential KN, ammonia dissociation rate α and nitrogen availabilitymN2. The article discusses the possibilities of utilization of the nitriding atmosphere’s nitrogen availability in the design of gas nitriding processes of alloyed steels in atmospheres derived from raw ammonia, raw ammonia diluted with pre-dissociated ammonia, with nitrogen, as well as with both nitrogen and pre-dissociated ammonia. The nitriding processes were accomplished in four series. The parameters selected in the particular processes were: process temperature (T), time (t), value of nitriding potential (KN), corresponding to known dissociation rate of the ammonia which dissociates during the nitriding process (α). Variable parameters were: nitrogen availability (mN2), composition of the ingoing atmosphere and flow rate of the ingoing atmosphere (FIn).

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Frączek, Tadeusz, Rafał Prusak, Marzena Ogórek i Zbigniew Skuza. "The Effectiveness of Active Screen Method in Ion Nitriding Grade 5 Titanium Alloy". Materials 14, nr 14 (15.07.2021): 3951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143951.

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The study assessed the effect of ion nitriding on the properties of the surface layer of Grade 5 titanium alloy used, among others, in medicine. Titanium and its alloys have low hardness and insufficient wear resistance in conditions of friction which limits the use of these materials. The improvement of these properties is only possible by the appropriate modification of the surface layer of these alloys. The ion nitriding process was carried out in a wide temperature range, i.e., 530–590 °C, and in the time range 5–17 h. Two variants of nitriding were applied: cathodic (conventional) nitriding and nitriding using the active screen method. The research results presented in this article allow for stating that each of the applied nitriding variants improves the analysed properties (nitrogen diffusion depth, hardness, wear resistance, microstructure analysis and surface topography) of the surface layers in relation to the material before nitriding. The hardness increased in every nitriding variant (the use of the additional active screen increased the hardness to 1021 HK0.025). The greatest increase in titanium abrasion resistance was found for surfaces after cathodic nitriding with an active screen. Each of the applied nitriding variants resulted in surface development.

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Altinsoy, I., K. G. Onder, F. G. Celebi Efe i C. Bindal. "Gas Nitriding Behaviour of 34CrAlNi7 Nitriding Steel". Acta Physica Polonica A 125, nr 2 (styczeń 2014): 414–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.125.414.

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Sun, De Ping, Cheng Xin Lin i Peng Xu. "Research of Hollow Cathodic Auxiliary Plasma Nitriding of 38CrMoAl Steel". Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (październik 2013): 2012–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.2012.

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This study has focused on the nitriding of 38CrMoAl steel by hollow cathodic auxiliary plasma nitriding. Nitriding time, temperature and potential of sample were chosen as the influencing factors of orthogonal experimentation. Also, the optimum technological conditions were determined. The testing results showed that the micro hardness of nitriding layer under the best technology of orthogonal experimentation rose noticeably which was 4 to 5 times higher than that of before. Besides, surface roughness of the plasma nitriding sample was as the same as that of before. What is more, there was a 3-μm-thickness white layer in the surface of nitriding sample which comprised ε and γ' phase, and the whole depth of nitriding layer reached 300 μm.

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Chen, Tong, i Shinji Koyama. "Structures and Mechanical Properties of Pure Titanium by Different Nitriding Temperatures". Key Engineering Materials 918 (25.04.2022): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-g7m1p9.

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The influence of different nitriding temperatures was investigated on the structures and mechanical properties of the treated specimens. Based on the research of nitriding temperature on the properties of pure titanium, the cause of the rresults can be discussed in this research. When the nitriding temperature is 1050°C, the cross-sectional hardness of the hardened layer reaches the maximum. At the same nitriding temperature, the bonding strength also reaches the maximum, which is related to the performance of the hardened layer. In summary, when the nitriding temperature is 1050°C, the nitriding of pure titanium can improve the overall performance.

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Sumiya, Kenzo, Shinkichi Tokuyama, Akio Nishimoto, Junichi Fukui i Atsushi Nishiyama. "Application of Active-Screen Plasma Nitriding to an Austenitic Stainless Steel Small-Diameter Thin Pipe". Metals 11, nr 2 (22.02.2021): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020366.

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Low-temperature active-screen plasma nitriding (ASPN) was applied in this study to improve the bending rigidity and corrosion resistance of a small-diameter thin pipe composed of austenitic stainless steel (SUS 304). The inner and outer diameters of the pipe were ϕ0.3 and ϕ0.4 mm, respectively, and the pipe length was 50 mm. The jig temperature was measured using a thermocouple and was adopted as the nitriding temperature because measuring the temperature of a small-diameter pipe is difficult. The nitriding temperature was varied from 578 to 638 K to investigate the effect of temperature on the nitriding layer and mechanical property. The nitriding layer thickness increased with an increase in nitriding temperature, reaching 15 μm at 638 K. The existence of expanded austenite (S phase) in this nitriding layer was revealed using the X-ray diffraction pattern. Moreover, the surface hardness increased with the nitriding temperature and took a maximum value of 1100 HV above 598 K. The bending load increased with an increase in the nitriding temperature in relation to the thicker nitriding layer and increased surface hardness. The nitrided samples did not corrode near the center, and corrosion was noted only near the tip at high nitriding temperatures of 618 and 638 K in a salt spray test. These results indicated that the bending rigidity of the small-diameter thin pipe composed of austenitic stainless steel was successfully improved using low-temperature ASPN while ensuring corrosion resistance.

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Zhang, Mian, Shinichi Nishida i Nobusuke Hattori. "Fatigue Strength of Ion Nitrided Tool Steel". Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (listopad 2006): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.475.

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The authors have studied and clarified that ion nitriding was able to improve the fatigue properties of tool steel. Five kinds of ion nitriding methods (ion nitriding condition is different) were used in this study. The fatigue test had been performed using a rotating bending fatigue testing machine to investigate the effects of ion nitriding on fatigue properties of tool steel. The fractography was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and hardness distribution was also investigated using a microhardness tester. As a result, the fatigue strength and hardness of the ion nitrided specimen increased after ion nitriding processing. It is considered that the compressive residual stress which produced by ion nitriding processing in the layer reduced fatigue fracture, and the altered surface composition improved surface hardness. According to the results of the fatigue test, the optimal ion nitriding method on improving the fatigue limit of tool steel was determined. The hardness of the specimens remarkably increased after ion nitriding processing.

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Fallot, Guillaume, Sebastien Jegou i Laurent Barrallier. "Evolution of Residual Stresses during Short Time Nitriding of 33CrMoV12-9 Steel Grade". Advanced Materials Research 996 (sierpień 2014): 544–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.996.544.

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The evolution of residual stresses during short time gas nitriding of 33CrMoV12-9 steel grade is studied. It aims understanding the influence of nitriding parameters (temperature and nitriding potential) on the generation and evolution of residual stresses in the very first stage of nitriding. The samples are gas nitrided using a thermobalance during 2h30 and 5 hours for various temperatures and nitriding potentials. Residual stress analyses are carried out by laboratory X-ray diffraction.

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Guan, Jing, Qing Xiang, Xiuhua Zhang, Jing Liu i Feng Yang. "Analysis of the mechanical properties and microstructure of titanium surfaces designed by electromagnetic induction nitriding". Materials Research Express 9, nr 2 (1.02.2022): 020010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac52c5.

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Abstract Nitride has high hardness and excellent wear resistance. It is frequently prepared on a material surface to improve material performance. The nitriding layer can be prepared in different ways, so the bonding strength and microstructure between the nitriding layer and the matrix differ, which will directly affect the surface mechanical properties of the material. In this study, pure titanium (TA1) was nitrided using electromagnetic induction nitriding, and the microstructure of nitriding layer was analysed using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy-electron backscatter diffraction (SEM-EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). In addition, the mechanical properties of the nitriding layer were studied using a nanoindentation and scratch tester. The experimental result shows a 20 μm induction nitriding layer composed of TiN, Ti2N and α(N)-Ti. The compound layer (Ti2N and TiN) was approximately 3 μm. The surface was contaminated with C and O elements, and evident segregation bands were found between the induction nitriding layer and matrix. The induction nitriding layer can considerably improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy, but the bonding force between the induction nitriding layer and matrix decreases owing to the segregation band.

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Tian, Liang, Qinglin Hou, Yingxia Wang, Yihui Hou i Tao Chen. "Effect of Carbothermal Reduction Nitriding of Si/SiO2 Composite Green on Properties of Fused Silica Ceramics". Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 12, nr 7 (1.07.2020): 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/nnl.2020.3191.

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Si/SiO2 composite green body with solid content of 50% was prepared by low toxic gel system and sintered in nitrogen at high temperature. Nitrogen compounds were synthesized in situ on fused silica ceramic substrate. The influence of different temperatures on nitriding reaction was discussed: different temperatures were used for nitriding at 1350 °C, 1400 °C, 1450 °C, 1500 °C. The effect of different nitriding times on nitriding reaction was discussed: different holding times were used for nitriding +1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h and 2.5 h. The best nitriding process was obtained by analyzing the composition, microstructure and properties of the nitrided samples.

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Zhang, Jin Zhu, Shui Hui Luo i Chu Shao Xu. "The Calculation of Kinetic Parameters in Manganese Nitriding". Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (marzec 2010): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.737.

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The present work confirmed and achieved the relevant parameters which belong to the manganese nitriding model via experiments. Based on the metallic iron nitriding model and the nitride layer growth model, metal manganese nitrding model was set up. The change laws between the kinetic parameters and temperature of the solid metal manganese nitriding model was studied by using the optimum method. The experimental results showed that the ratio of weight gain for samples relatively increased with the increasing of nitriding temperature, and the results obtained from the numerical model indicated that the kinetic parameters of manganese nitriding model increased with the increasing of nitriding temperature.

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Liu, Yanjie, Daoxin Liu, Xiaohua Zhang, Wenfeng Li, Amin Ma, Kaifa Fan i Wanzi Xing. "Effect of Alloying Elements and Low Temperature Plasma Nitriding on Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel". Materials 15, nr 19 (22.09.2022): 6575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196575.

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Although nitriding treatment usually improves the hardness and wear resistance of stainless steel, it also reduces its corrosion resistance. The effects of different nitriding temperatures and time and main alloying elements in stainless steel on the properties of the martensitic precipitation hardening of stainless steel were studied by first-principles calculations and experiments in this study. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the martensitic stainless steel 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb was much lower than that of 1Cr15Ni2Mo2Cu before and after nitriding. According to the density functional theory calculation results, the molybdenum-containing stainless steel had higher stability and corrosion resistance and a lower Fermi level, electron conduction concentration and electrochemical activity than the niobium-containing stainless steel before and after nitriding. In addition, at the same temperature, the surface hardness of the 1Cr15Ni2Mo2Cu steel increased linearly with the prolongation of nitriding time, but its corrosion resistance decreased. Under the same nitriding time (24 h), the nitriding temperature increased from 300 to 450 °C, and the surface hardness and nitriding layer depth of the nitriding steel increased gradually, while the corrosion resistance decreased gradually. These results were attributed to the Cr-poor phenomenon caused by the formation of CrN. The 1Cr15Ni2Mo2Cu martensitic stainless steel obtained a high surface hardness after nitriding at 300 °C for 24 h, and the corrosion resistance did not decrease.

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Ma, Lian Jie, M. Sun i Ya Dong Gong. "Design of Balance Control Mechanism of Nitriding Layer Depth in Ion Nitriding". Materials Science Forum 697-698 (wrzesień 2011): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.697-698.445.

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Through design of balancing movement controller of large size workpiece for applying to LDMC-100 type ion nitriding furnace, the structure and principle of mechanism were introduced, the balance of mechanical transmission and influencing to nitriding layer of workpiece surface were analysed. In this mechanism, the planetary gear system was adopted, the single axis was adopted in this supporting mechanism, and the electric and insulating on workpieces were used. The balancing influencing of movement and techniques parameters for nitriding layer were discussed. The results indicate, the nitriding period is related with input speed and number of driven gear teeth. The re-nitriding rate and blank nitriding rate are related with gear modulus, workpiece outside diameter, number of drive and driven gear teeth. When the mechanism structure parameter is fixed, the effect of nitriding was completed by changing speed of input axis.

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Stechyshyn, Myroslav, Aleksandr Dykha i Victor Oleksandrenko. "Nitriding of Long-Term Holes in the Cyclic-Commuted Discharge". Journal of Engineering Sciences 10, nr 2 (2023): C11—C18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2023.10(2).c2.

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The effect of anhydrous nitriding in a glow discharge on microhardness, phase composition, and wear resistance of long holes in steels C45, 37Cr4, and 41CrAlMo7 with direct current supply and in cyclically switched discharge (CSD) was studied. Nitriding was carried out on a UATR-1 anhydrous nitriding unit with a discharge chamber diameter of 400 mm and a working height of 700 mm. Anhydrous nitriding in a glowing discharge was carried out at a temperature of 560 °С, a voltage of 730 V, a pressure in the chamber of 120 MPa, and the nitriding duration was 6 h. It was established that using holes with a relatively small diameter of glow discharge in a cyclically switched discharge for nitriding creates conditions for obtaining modified layers with higher physical, mechanical, and tribological characteristics. The results of microhardness measurement and their comparison with X-ray phase analysis data confirm the formation of ε, γ, and α phases during nitriding along the entire height of the samples placed in the experimental model. The tests carried out in the dry friction mode showed an increase in the wear resistance of samples made of steel C45, 37Cr4, and 41CrAlMo7 during nitriding in a cyclically switched discharge. To achieve 100 μm wear of 41CrAlMo7 steel during nitriding in CSD, 1400 m of friction path and 1000 m – during nitriding with direct current is required. It was established that using long holes of a glow discharge with different types of power for nitriding creates conditions for obtaining modified layers with variable characteristics. Nitriding of holes with a relatively small diameter of a glow discharge with a different power supply creates conditions for obtaining modified layers with different physicomechanical and tribological characteristics.

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Țugui, Cătălin Andrei, Mihai Axinte, Carmen Nejneru, Petrică Vizureanu, Manuela Cristina Perju i Daniela Lucia Chicet. "Active Screen Plasma Nitriding Efficiency and Ecology". Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (październik 2014): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.369.

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Plasma nitriding has significant advantages: very low running costs (reduced consumption of energy and gases); optimized structure and layers; and nitriding of stainless steels. Plasma nitriding is totally safe and has no poisonous gas emissions and no negative environmental impact. However, conventional plasma nitriding has a number of well-known difficulties, including the direct application of plasma on the parts to be treated, the risk of arcing, hollow cathodes, white layers, non-homogenous batch temperature and the impossibility to mix parts of different geometries in the chamber made this technology to be almost forgotten. In the last years, due to the ecofriendly character of the technology, several atempts were made in order to establish an improvement in this technique in terms of batch damages. Active screen plasma nitriding technology is a new industrial solution that enjoys all the advantages of traditional plasma nitriding but does not have its inconveniences. A comparative study regarding quality surface and formed layer properties between conventional plasma nitriding and active screen plasma nitriding was conducted, in order to highlight the advantages that comes with this relatively new technique.

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Pilch, Ondrej, i Vojtěch Hruby. "The Influence of Plasma Nitriding Period on Nitrided Layers Thickness". Solid State Phenomena 258 (grudzień 2016): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.395.

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The plasma nitriding as a technology for finishing of material surface layers was carried out on selected material. The effect of plasma nitriding conditions on the thickness and hardness of nitrided layer was investigated. The influence of plasma nitriding period on the thickness of the plasma nitrided layers was comprehensively assessed on the C55 steels. Plasma nitriding was carried out on selected material at 500 °C under 280 Pa with a mixture atmosphere of H2 and N2 in the plasma nitriding equipment. The period of the plasma nitriding process was changeable from 5 to 20 hours. Measurements of the properties of nitrided layers of selected material were solved by using experimental methods in accordance with standards. The samples were characterized by GDOES spectrometry, optical microscopy, and hardness testing. The depths of the plasma nitriding layers were also detected using cross-sectional microhardness profiles. Relation between plasma nitriding period and a thickness of a nitrided layer was explained and has shown that microhardness and surface hardness of mentioned samples were significantly increased.

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Wu, Xiao Chun, i Hong Bin Wang. "Plasma Nitriding Behavior of 1Cr18Ni9Ti Stainless Steel with Nanocrystalline Surface Induced by SMA". Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (wrzesień 2007): 1773–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.1773.

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The plasma nitriding behaviors of nanocrystalline surface induced by surface mechanical attrition (SMA) and of conventional coarse-grained surface in 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel were compared. Microstructure features of various sections in the surface layer, from the matrix to the nitriding surface, were systematically characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The thickness of compound layer and hardness distribution in the treated surface layer were investigated by means of metallographic observation and microhardness measurement. The subsequent nitriding kinetics of the treated steel with the nanostructured surface layer were greatly enhanced, the nitriding thickness was deeper than that of the conventional surface and the nitriding temperature could be as low as 300°C, which is much lower than conventional nitriding temperature.

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LIU, Xiliang, Changjun MAO, Meihong WU, Wei CAI, Mingyang DAI i Jing HU. "EFFECT OF SALT BATH NITRIDING TIME ON THE PERFORMANCES OF 304 STAINLESS STEEL". Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 26, nr 1 (18.03.2020): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.26.1.458.

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In this study, salt bath nitriding was carried out at 565℃ for various times for 304 stainless steel (304SS). The effect of salt bath nitriding time on the microstructure, micro-hardness and wear resistance was investigated systematically. The results showed a nitriding layer was formed during salt bath nitriding, and the thickness of effective hardening layer is duration dependant. The maximum microhardness value of 1200HV0.01 was obtained at optimal duration of 150min, which was five times higher than that of the untreated sample. And the wear resistance could be significantly improved by salt bath nitriding, the lowest weight loss after wear resistance was obtained while nitriding for 150min, which was one tenth of that of untreated sample.

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He, Bo Lin, Ying Xia Yu i Jian Ping Shi. "The Effect of QPQ Salt-Bath Nitriding on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of 3Cr2W8V Steel". Materials Science Forum 628-629 (sierpień 2009): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.628-629.715.

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The wear resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness can be greatly increased by using low temperature QPQ salt-bath nitriding treatment. And it is a new strengthening method without distortion in the treating process. In this paper, 3Cr2W8V steel is dealt with QPQ salt-bath nitriding at 520°C, 540°C, 560°C and 2h, 4h, 6h, respectively. The treated surface microstructure was analyzed by using SEM. The depth of nitriding layer, scratch hardness and wear-resistance were tested for both QPQ salt-bath treated and untreated specimen. The corrosion resistance was tested in the 5%NaCl water by using spraying method. The experimental results indicate that a certain depth of white layer and diffusion layer of the steel can be obtained by using low temperature QPQ salt-bath nitriding treatment. The nitriding compound layer with high hardness, superior wear-resistance and stable microstructure can also be obtained on the surface of the parts. With increasing the temperature and the nitriding time, the depth of nitriding layer, scratch hardness and wear-resistance of 3Cr2W8V steel were greatly increased. Comparing with the untreated specimen, its hardness enhances 95.0%, wear resistance enhances 212.3%, anti-corrosion enhances 1288.9%. The experimental results show that the low temperature QPQ salt-bath nitriding treatment has many advantages, such as fast nitriding speed, uniform heating, short process time, low treating temperature, small distortion, high production rate, low cost, stable nitriding quality without pollution and so on.

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Zhang, Yuhang, i Yixue Wang. "Numerical Simulation and Surface Properties of 42CrMo Steel Treated by Plasma Nitriding and Laser Quenching". Metals 13, nr 8 (15.08.2023): 1473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13081473.

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In this study, we investigated the nitriding and laser quenching composite modified layers of 42CrMo steel. MATLAB was used to fit the nitrogen concentration distribution during nitriding, and the laser temperature field was fitted using ABAQUS finite element simulation software. Two groups of simulation results were integrated to fit the modified layer depth under different processes, and the nitriding and laser quenching experimental results were compared with the simulation results, which indicated that the simulation results agreed well with the experimental results. The depth of the nitriding–laser quenching composite layer greatly improved compared with the nitriding or laser hardening layers. The austenitizing temperature of the 42CrMo steel was reduced to 577 °C by nitriding. Therefore, the depth of the austenitized layer of the 42CrMo steel heated with the same laser power significantly increased. Under the same laser process conditions, more austenitic phase transformation was observed in the nitriding layer than in the non-nitriding layer, so martensitic phase transformation was more likely to occur in the subsequent cooling process. After plasma nitriding at 460 °C for 16 h and laser quenching, the modified layer depth of the 42CrMo steel reached 990 μm, and the average surface hardness of the 42CrMo steel reached 625 HV0.1. The friction coefficient of the modified layer was the lowest, with a value of 0.433, and the minimum wear value was 1.024 mm3. Double hardness and thickness of the modified layer could be obtained by nitriding and laser quenching composite processes.

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Wu, Yun Xia, Hu Wang, Xiao Hua Yu i Zhao Lin Zhan. "Research Progress of Plasma Nitriding in Low-Temperature for Austenitic Stainless Steel". Applied Mechanics and Materials 456 (październik 2013): 486–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.456.486.

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In recent years, as a kind of heat treatment methods to improve the performance of the material surface, plasma nitriding gets more and more widely used. Among some new ways of plasma nitriding, treating of surface nano-crystallization before plasma nitriding has been more and more attractive. This technology is also applied to stainless steel on plasma nitriding in low-temperature, for it can not only improve the hardness and wear resistance of material surface, but also enhance corrosion resistance. In the article, several assistive technologies about plasma nitriding in low-temperature are described, including surface nano-crystallization, laser surface strengthening and pre-oxidation. Meanwhile, proposes that the further research will focus on the surface nano-crystallization before plasma nitriding in low temperature in the future.

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Ye, Wei, i Xing Sheng Tong. "Effect of Atmosphere Proportion and Nitriding Time on Plasma Nitriding of Duplex Stainless Steel". Advanced Materials Research 1061-1062 (grudzień 2014): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1061-1062.61.

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Samples of duplex stainless steel were plasma nitrided at different atmosphere proportion and nitriding time. The hardness and the corrosion resistance of the untreated and various plasma treated samples were characterised by a variety of analytical techniques. The results show that plasma nutriding at low temperature can improve hardness of duplex stainless steel and its corrosion properties at the same time. Declining the atmosphere proportion of ammonia and argon can effectively prevent the nonuniformity of hardness of nitriding layers and extension of nitriding time is conducive to enhance the hardness and thickness of nitriding layer. In addition, the corrosion peoporties of duplex stainless steel nitrided increase when the nitriding time improves, but its corrosion resistance rises slowly after nitriding for 9h.

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NIU, SHAOQING, SHUANGSUO YANG i YI LI. "PLASMA NITRIDING FOR IMPROVING WEAR RESISTANCE OF CABLE BOLT". Surface Review and Letters 20, nr 06 (grudzień 2013): 1350066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x13500662.

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In order to improve the wear resistance of the cable bolt and increase its life-time during operation, plasma nitriding was employed to obtain a protective nitriding layer on its surface. The microstructure, phase constitution, microhardness and wear resistance of the nitriding layer were investigated. It was shown that continuous and dense nitriding layers were formed on the surface of the samples. The microhardness of the nitrided sample was enhanced by the formation of nitriding layer, which mainly consisted of Fe 4 N and Fe 3 N . The mass losses of the nitrided samples were much smaller and the wear rates were almost hundred times lesser than that of the substrate. Plasma nitriding treatment can effectively enhance the wear resistance of cable bolt.

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Keddam, Mourad, B. Bouarour, R. Kouba i Redoune Chegroune. "Evaluation of the Diffusion Coefficient of N in γ' Iron Nitride: Influence of the Nitriding Potential". Defect and Diffusion Forum 283-286 (marzec 2009): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.283-286.133.

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This work deals with a study of the nitriding potential effect on development of the compound layer during the gas nitriding of Armco Fe samples. The gas nitriding experiments were performed in an atmosphere of partially dissociated gas ammonia (NH3) at 520 °C under a nitriding potential varying from 0.25 to 3.5 atm-0.5 during 2 h. Through this experimental work including XRD analysis, optical and SEM observations of the cross-sections of the treated samples, it is shown that the microstructural nature of the compound layer depends upon the nitriding potential value. By use of the inverse problem based on a diffusion model previously published, it was possible to estimate the diffusion coefficient of N in ' iron nitride as a function of the applied nitriding potential. XRD analysis has shown that the compound layer was composed of iron nitride. A linear semi-logarithmic relationship relating the nitriding potential to the diffusion coefficient of nitrogen in iron nitride was also derived.

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Dong, Juan, Jeremy Epp, Robin Lipinski, Michael Sorg, Hans-Werner Zoch i Andreas Fischer. "Combined X-ray diffraction and photothermal radiometry methods for in situ analysis of nitriding treatment". Metallurgical Research & Technology 115, nr 4 (2018): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2018045.

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Monitoring the nitriding treatment by analyzing directly the components’ surface state during the nitriding treatment is particularly interesting, since it allows a process monitoring and control based on the actual nitriding result. In the present study, two measuring methods are developed and combined with the aim of a direct surface state analysis during the nitriding treatment: the in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and the photothermal radiometry. In order to validate the combined application of both methods during a nitriding treatment under controlled atmosphere, an experimental setup including a miniature nitriding furnace was developed. Two alloyed steels AISI 4140 and AISI H13 are treated with varying process atmosphere and nitriding potential leading to varying phase composition in the surface layer. As a result, the photothermal radiometry is shown to be sensitive with respect to the changing surface properties due to the growing compound layers and when porous layers are generated. It has a high potential to serve as surface sensor in industrial processes.

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Boynazarov, Urol. "Formation of diffusion nitride-oxide coatings". E3S Web of Conferences 401 (2023): 04025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340104025.

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It is known that nitro-oxide coatings were developed based on nitriding, which are obtained using a two-stage technology consisting of nitriding at the first stage of the process and vaporization at the second stage. Such processing provides high physical and mathematical characteristics of hardened parts. This technological process was improved by us due to preliminary oxidation, which made it possible to accelerate the production of nitride-oxide with the necessary physical and mechanical properties. This work makes a theoretical calculation of the oxidation processes and subsequent nitriding of steels and a comparison with experimental data on the example of 38X2MYA. The article presents an analysis of the formation of oxynitride diffusion protective layers obtained by a three-stage nitriding method at a temperature of 580° C, which consists of preliminary oxidation, nitriding, and subsequent steam oxidation. The article also describes the effect of the oxide film on the nitriding process during preliminary oxidation and nitriding under short-term conditions at a temperature of 580 S.

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Hoja, Stefanie, Matthias Steinbacher i Hans-Werner Zoch. "Compound Layer Design for Deep Nitrided Gearings". Metals 10, nr 4 (31.03.2020): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040455.

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Deep nitriding is used to obtain a nitriding hardness depth beyond 0.6 mm. The long nitriding processes, which are necessary to reach the high nitriding hardness depths, mostly have a negative influence on the hardness and strength of the nitrided layer as well as on the bulk material. The compound layer often is considered less, because in most practical cases, it is removed mechanically after nitriding, to avoid spalling in service. However, in former investigations, it was shown, that thick and compact compound layers have the potential for high flank load capacity of gears. The investigations focus on the simultaneous formation of a high nitriding depth and a thick and compact compound layer. Beside the preservation of the strength, a challenge is to control the porosity of the compound layer, which should be as low as possible. The investigations were carried out using the common nitriding and heat treatable mild steel 31CrMoV9, which is often used for gear applications. The article gives an insight on the development of multistage nitriding processes studied by short- and long-term experiments aiming for a specific compound layer build-up with low porosity and high strength of the nitride layer and core material.

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Gramlich, A., M. A. Auger i S. Richter. "Plasma Nitriding of an Air-Hardening Medium Manganese Forging Steel". HTM Journal of Heat Treatment and Materials 77, nr 4 (1.08.2022): 298–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htm-2022-1017.

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Abstract The impact of plasma nitriding on the microstructure and the hardness of a recently developed 4 wt.-% medium manganese steel are presented. In contrast to standard quench and tempering steels, the investigated material achieves its martensitic microstructure by air-cooling from the forging heat, which enables the reduction of the carbon footprint of the forged components. The influence of nitriding on this grade of steel has not been investigated so far, but fundamental differences in comparison to standard nitriding steels are expected due to the increased manganese concentration. To address this issue, nitriding treatments with different temperatures (350 °C, 580 °C and 650 °C) have been performed, followed by examinations of the microstructure, the phase composition, the obtained hardness profiles and the tensile properties of the bulk material after nitriding, accompanied by thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. It is demonstrated that after nitriding at 580 °C similar hardness profiles like standard nitriding steels are achieved, with a shorter process as austenitization and hardening were omitted, reaching a hardness of approximately 950 HV0.1. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that austenite can be stabilized by manganese and nitrogen partitioning to room temperature during nitriding in the intercritical phase region.

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Ariati, Myrna, i Rizki Aldila. "Application of Shot Peening and Shot Blasting to Increase Hardness and Depth of Nitride Hardened Layer to the Modified H13 Steel as Die Casting Die Materials". Advanced Materials Research 789 (wrzesień 2013): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.789.313.

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In metal forming process by die casting method, nitriding plays an important role in increasing the surface hardness. The influence of shot peening and shot blasting to the modified. H13 tool steel before nitriding process has been studied. Nitriding has been done in a gas vacuum furnace, at temperature of 510°C for 5 hours. Shot peening was conducted by using steel balls with a pressure of 461 kPa. Shot blasting has been done after shot peening using SiC particles. Characterization of the sample surface before and after the variation process is focused on changing the microstructure, micro hardness distribution, depth and composition nitriding layer. It has been found that shot peening prior to nitriding increase the maximum surface hardness to 1196 HV and effective depth of diffusion layer to 72 μm. Meanwhile, the nitriding without any prior surface treatment produces a maximum hardness of HV 1101.4 with effective depth of diffusion layer of 54 μm. Shot peening prior to nitriding produces white layer thickness of 4.1 μm thicker compared to white layer developed in nitriding without shot peening which produces 3.7 μm. While on nitrided material without any preceded surface treatment did not reveal any white surface layer.

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Fujikawa, Hisao, H. Iwamura i M. Uramoto. "Corrosion Behaviour of Steel Nitrided and Nitrocarburized in Gas, Respectively". Defect and Diffusion Forum 365 (lipiec 2015): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.365.278.

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Nitriding treatment is well known as one of the corrosion protection methods for steels as well as a way to prevent wear and fatigue. Initially, salt bath nitrocarburizing was popular, but recently, gas nitriding, gas nitrocarburizing, plasma nitriding and so on have come to be used more often because of their superior nitriding ability. In the case of nitriding, only nitrogen (N) diffuses into the steel, but in the case of nitrocarburizing, both nitrogen and carbon (C) diffuse into the steel. General speaking, nitriding includes all the treatments mentioned above. The corrosion behavior of nitride carbon steels has been understood mainly by salt bath or gas nitrocarburizing treatments1)-4).However, recently, nitriding is mainly applied to parts for things such as automobiles which need protection from wear and fatigue, and is seldom used for parts which need corrosion resistance. The present paper is to remind researchers again that nitrided steels show good corrosion resistance.Therefore, the comparison of various thicknesses of nitride layers as well as the comparison between nitride layers on steel has been carried out in this examination, using the salt spray corrosion test method. The effect of oxidation treatment after nitriding was also investigated.

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Liu, An Min, Yu Fan, Pei Zhi Li, Kun Chen, Ke Pu i Chong Hao Zhang. "A Comparison of Gas Nitriding and Laser Nitriding on Industrial Pure Iron and Ti-Induced Iron". Materials Science Forum 934 (październik 2018): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.934.79.

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Overview of Gas nitriding on the surface of industrial pure iron and laser gas nitriding, research under different nitriding process, the phase, organization and mechanical properties of the nitride layer that is the difference. Plasma sprayed titanium on industrial pure iron surface, the laser nitriding experiments were carried out on the titanium surface. The formation of iron and nitrogen compounds is induced by the combination of titanium nitride. The difference between gas nitriding and laser nitriding is analyzed. The results show that: (1) after gas nitriding, the nitrides formed on the surface of pure iron are mainly ε-Fe2-3N and γ′-Fe4N, the surface hardness is 158 HV, and the increase is 32%. (2) in the 500 W laser power, laser nitriding formed on the surface of Titanium metal layer of pure iron, but not the formation of iron and nitrogen compound, the surface hardness of 168 HV, increased by 46%. (3) under the condition of 500 W laser power, the industrial pure iron was nitrided by laser, without the formation of iron and nitrogen compounds, but the surface hardness of the sample was increased by 20%.

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Zhou, Yu-Long, Fan Xia, Ai-Jun Xie, Hao-Ping Peng, Jian-Hua Wang i Zhi-Wei Li. "A Review—Effect of Accelerating Methods on Gas Nitriding: Accelerating Mechanism, Nitriding Behavior, and Techno-Economic Analysis". Coatings 13, nr 11 (27.10.2023): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111846.

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Gas nitriding, as a surface modification technology to improve the wear resistance of workpiece surfaces, is widely used in wind turbine gears, pressure vessel gears, high-precision die casting abrasives, and other areas. However, the gas nitriding time is too long, reaching 40–60 h, which reduces the efficiency of nitriding and hinders the development of gas nitriding. Therefore, various accelerating methods are born accordingly. This review first introduces the basic principle, microstructure, and process parameters of conventional gas nitriding. Then, five common accelerating methods are summarized: process parameter optimization, surface mechanical nano-crystallization, surface-active catalysis, surface pre-oxidation, and surface laser treatment. Then, the effect of acceleration methods on gas nitriding is analyzed for the acceleration mechanism, nitriding behavior, and nitriding efficiency. Finally, the technical economy of the acceleration methods is compared for three aspects: energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission, and cost. And, the technical maturity of the acceleration methods is compared according to technology readiness level (TRL) technology. Based on the above content, the advantages and disadvantages of the five accelerating methods are reviewed, and the concept of a multi-technology collaborative processing acceleration method is proposed.

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Spies, H. J., H. L. Thien i H. B. Biermann. "Controlled Nitriding". Metal Science and Heat Treatment 46, nr 7/8 (lipiec 2004): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:msat.0000048833.30306.9f.

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Tjahjono, Tri, Tri Widodo Besar Riyadi, Bambang Waluyo Febriantoko, Margono, Suprapto i Tjipto Sujitno. "Hardness Optimization Based on Nitriding Time and Gas Pressure in the Plasma Nitriding of Aluminium Alloys". Materials Science Forum 961 (lipiec 2019): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.961.112.

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Plasma nitriding has attracted much interest to improve the hardness of aluminium alloys. However, the contradictive properties can be produced on the metal surface due to the saturated condition of the diffused nitrogen atom in the metal surface layer. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of nitriding time and gas pressure to improve the hardness of aluminium using plasma nitriding. The nitriding processes were conducted in a DC glow discharge with nitrogen gas flowing inside the vacuum chamber. Firstly, the sample was nitrided using a fixed gas pressure of 1.2 mbar with the varied nitriding times of 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours. The optimum time producing the highest hardness of the surface was then used in the next nitriding process with varied gas pressure of 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 mbar (1 bar = 105 Pa). The optimum gas pressure producing the highest hardness was then used again in the last nitriding process using varied nitriding time of 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours. The result showed that the highest hardness was achieved using the gas pressure and nitriding time of 1.6 mbar and 4 hours, respectively. The formed AlN phase on the aluminium surface was identified by XRD, whereas the surface morphology was observed by SEM image. Compared to the untreated sample, the hardness of the treated samples was significantly high.

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Landek, Darko, Marin Kurtela, Ivan Stojanović, Jurica Jačan i Suzana Jakovljević. "Corrosion and Micro-Abrasion Properties of an AISI 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel after Low-Temperature Plasma Nitriding". Coatings 13, nr 11 (28.10.2023): 1854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111854.

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The paper investigates the effects of DC plasma nitriding on surface roughness, hardness, microstructure, micro-abrasion, and corrosion resistance of AISI 316L Austenitic Stainless (AS) steel. The nitriding has been conducted for durations ranging from 4 to 24 h at a temperature of 430 °C in a commercial vacuum furnace, Rübig PN90/70. Micro-abrasion resistance has been tested using the calotest device with a measurement diameter of craters produced on the sample surface after 10 to 60 s of wear. Corrosion resistance has been tested using the Electroimpedance Spectroscopy (EIS) method in a 3.5% NaCl water solution. The surface roughness parameters and hardness of the samples increased with longer nitriding times, attributed to the saturation of austenite and the formation of iron and chromium nitrides. Nitriding for longer than 8 h resulted in the formation of a thicker compound layer that is hard and brittle, leading to reduced wear resistance compared with shorter nitriding times. EIS measurements revealed that nitrided samples had lower corrosion resistance compared with the untreated sample. The corrosion stability was not significantly affected by nitriding time. Different nitriding times have a great influence on resistance to pitting corrosion. This study provides valuable insights into the effects of plasma nitriding on the properties of AS steel, highlighting the importance of optimizing nitriding parameters for specific applications.

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Dobrocky, David, Zdenek Pokorny, Zdenek Joska, Josef Sedlak, Jan Zouhar, Jozef Majerik, Zbynek Studeny, Jiri Prochazka i Igor Barenyi. "Change in Dimensions and Surface Roughness of 42CrMo4 Steel after Nitridation in Plasma and Gas". Coatings 12, nr 10 (6.10.2022): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101481.

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The influence of plasma nitriding and gas nitriding processes on the change of surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of 42CrMo4 steel was investigated in this paper. Both processes almost always led to changes in the surface texture. After plasma nitriding, clusters of nitride ions were formed on the surface of steel, while gas nitriding very often led to the new creation of a formation of a “plate-like” surface texture. In both cases of these processes, a compound layer in specific thickness was formed, although the parameters of the processes were chosen with the aim of suppressing it. After the optimizing of nitriding parameters during nitriding processes, it was found that there were no changes in the surface roughness evaluated using the Ra parameter. However, it turned out that when using a multi-parameter evaluation of roughness (the parameters Rz, Rsk and Rku were used), there were presented some changes in roughness due to nitriding processes, which affect the functional behavior of the components. Roughness changes were also detected by evaluating surface roughness profiles, where nitriding led to changes in peak heights and valley depths. Nitriding processes further led to changes in dimensions in the form of an increase of 0.032 mm on average. However, the magnitude of the change has some context on chemical composition of material. A larger increase in dimensions was found with gas nitriding. The change in the degree of IT accuracy is closely related to the change in dimension. For both processes, there was a change of one degree of IT accuracy compared to the ground part (from IT8 to IT9). On the basis of the achieved dimensional accuracy results, a coefficient of change in the degree of accuracy IT was created, which can be used to predict changes in the dimensional accuracy of ground surfaces after nitriding processes in degrees of accuracy IT3–IT10. In this study, a tool for predicting changes in degrees of accuracy of ground parts after nitriding processes is presented.

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Sousa, Rômulo Ribeiro Magalhães de, Yuri José Luz Moura, Pedro Américo Orsano de Sousa, José Quinzinho Medeiros Neto, Thércio Henrique de Carvalho Costa i Clodomiro Alves Junior. "Nitriding of AISI 1020 steel: comparison between conventional nitriding and nitriding with cathodic cage". Materials Research 17, nr 3 (11.03.2014): 708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-14392014005000027.

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Aparecida dos Santos de Almeida, Elisangela, Júlio César Giubilei Milan i César Edil da Costa. "Acquired Properties Comparison of Solid Nitriding, Gas Nitriding and Plasma Nitriding in Tool Steels". Materials Research 18, nr 1 (luty 2015): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-1439.255513.

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Zakorzhevskii, V. V., I. D. Kovalev i A. Ya Dubrovskii. "Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of the nitrogen-contain material based on the aluminum and vanadium nitride to prepare the titanium preliminary alloy's". NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES), nr 8 (27.12.2018): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2018-8-49-52.

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The investigating results are shown on the V‒Al alloy nitriding while burning in the large-scale reactor. The nitriding optimal condition were defned. The phaseforming behavior was investigated while the V‒All alloy nitriding under the burning condition. The processing method was developed for the self-propagating hightemperature nitriding. The test batch of the nitrided V‒ Al‒N alloy was manufactured.Ill.5. Ref. 5.

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Tong, W. P., H. Zhang, J. Sun, L. Zuo, J. C. He i J. Lu. "Control of iron nitride formation by a high magnetic field". Journal of Materials Research 25, nr 11 (listopad 2010): 2082–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0279.

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The influence of high magnetic field on nitriding behavior was investigated in a mixture of NH3 and H2. It was found that high magnetic field could shift the equilibrium of nitriding reaction; this proved that the critical nitrogen potential to form γ′-Fe4N and ε-Fe3N phase was evidently enhanced compared with conventional nitriding. This research provides a new approach for a selective nitriding process.

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