Artykuły w czasopismach: „Nickel sulfide”

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Wilkin, Richard T., and David A. Rogers. "Nickel sulfide formation at low temperature: initial precipitates, solubility and transformation products." Environmental Chemistry 7, no. 6 (2010): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en10076.

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Environmental context Remediation technologies often rely on manipulation of redox conditions or natural redox processes to favour microbial sulfate-reduction and mineral sulfide formation for treatment of inorganic contaminants in groundwater, including nickel. However, few data are available on the structural properties, solubility and mineral transformation processes involving nickel sulfides. These data are needed in order to constrain the long term performance of groundwater remediation efforts. Abstract The formation of nickel sulfides has been examined experimentally over the temperature range from 25 to 60°C. At all conditions studied, hexagonal (α-NiS) was the initial precipitate from solution containing Ni2+ and dissolved sulfide. Freshly precipitated nickel sulfide possesses significant residual Ni–O coordination as revealed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. With progressive aging, residual Ni–O coordination is replaced by Ni–S coordination. The formation of millerite (β-NiS, rhombohedral) was not detected in any of the synthesis experiments. In the presence of elemental sulfur, hexagonal NiS converted to polydymite (Ni3S4) and vaesite (NiS2). Thus, conversion of nickel monosulfide to thiospinel and disulfide structures appears to be redox dependent, analogous to aging and transformation processes of iron sulfides. In the absence of elemental sulfur or with only hydrogen sulfide or bisulfide present, transformation of hexagonal NiS was not observed after 1680 h at 60°C. Low-pH solubility experiments yielded a solubility product for hexagonal NiS of log Ks0 = –2.69 ± 0.26. Solubility data at pH > 3 suggest that Ni–bisulfide complexation is important in controlling the solubility of Ni in sulfidic solutions.

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Selivanov, Evgeny N., O. V. Nechvoglod, and R. I. Gulyaeva. "Thermal Expansion of Copper and Nickel Sulfides and their Alloys." Defect and Diffusion Forum 334-335 (February 2013): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.334-335.55.

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Thermal expansion coefficients of metal sulfides and their alloys are important for technological processes calculations of sulfide processing materials, for example, the crystallization equipment of nickel and copper-nickel converter matte. The synthesized copper and nickel monosulfide, and nickel and copper-nickel matte have been used as the initial samples. Dilatometric analysis was carried out by dilatometer (Linseis L78 RITA). Differences in the values measured are accounted for by the synthesis samples facilities, the coexistence of several non-stoichiometric sulfide phases and interaction during heating. In the temperature 20-500°C range the coefficients of thermal expansion (α) for the sulfides of copper, nickel and their alloys are changed from 10.4 to 20.610-6 1/K. Changes in the value α are accounted for by phase transitions in sulfide samples at their heating. Considering the properties of the phase components are an additive it is shown the thermal expansion coefficient complex sulfide-metal alloys is possible to calculate.

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Nechvoglod, Olga V., and Alena G. Upolovnikova. "The study of the phase composition of the products of electrochemical oxidation of sulfide granules of the system Cu1.96S–Ni3S2–Cu–Ni." Butlerov Communications 57, no. 3 (March 31, 2019): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-57-3-149.

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The crystallization rate of copper and nickel sulfides influences on the phase formation processes. The high crystallization rate (about 103 degrees/s), achieved through granulation of the sulfide copper-nickel melt, leads to the stabilization of non-stoichiometric phases, the formation of ultrafine structures, which are grains and partial dissolution of the metal component in the sulfide. The structure of the granules is formed by nickel sulfide (Cu1.96S) phases in the form of dendritic inclusions of 2-20 µm in size in the nickel sulfide phase (Ni3S2). According to the phase diagram of the state of Cu – Ni – S, a solid solution of Cu – Ni may be present in the composition of eutectic compounds with copper and nickel sulphides. The electrochemical oxidation of copper and nickel sulfides in a solution of sulfuric acid occurs through a series of successive phase transformations described in the work, during which the conversion of sulfides occurs in intermediate oxidation states oxidizing to the elemental state: Cu1.96S → Cu1.8S → Cu1.75S → CuS → S; Ni3S2 → NiS → S. The non-stoichiometric composition of compounds suggests the presence of excessive or deficient sulfur and metal contents in the crystal lattice, which can affect the mechanism and sequence of phase transformations during the electrochemical oxidation of sulfide granules. Dissolution occurs not only on the surface of the granules, but also along the grain boundaries. The leached areas form capillaries inside the granules, through which electrolyte enters the electrochemical reactions. Porous sulfur sulfide sludge forms on the surface of the granules. The phase composition of the sludge was studied. The main phase components of poorly soluble products are nickel granules Ni3+хS2–Cu2-хS.

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Zhang, Ya Hui, Xi Cheng, and Qing Wang. "A Low Temperature Precursor Sulfuration Route to Metal Sulfides Nanomaterials." Advanced Materials Research 148-149 (October 2010): 1404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.148-149.1404.

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A low-temperature precursor sulfuration route has been established to prepare metal sulfides with different nanostructures during the synthesis of nickel sulfide. The advantages of the low-temperature precursor sulfuration route were testified by the synthesis of different metal sulfides ( lead sulfide, zinc sulfide and cobalt sulfide). It offers a novel path to the preparation of other metal sulfides.

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Kotei, Patience Adei, Nathaniel Owusu Boadi, Selina Ama Saah, and Michael Baah Mensah. "Synthesis of Nickel Sulfide Thin Films and Nanocrystals from the Nickel Ethyl Xanthate Complex." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (July 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6587934.

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Nickel sulfides have unique and diverse structural features, making them ideal for energy conversion and storage. This research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of nickel sulfide thin films and nanocrystals from nickel ethyl xanthate complex using spin-coating and solventless methods. The nickel ethyl xanthate complex (C6H10S4NiO2) was characterized using Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The NiS thin films and nanoparticles were analyzed with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Nickel ethyl xanthate was synthesized in an 81.2% yield. The bandgaps of the nickel sulfide obtained from the spin-coating method ranged from 4.35–4.88 eV. For the solventless method, the bandgap of the nickel sulfide ranged from 3.93–3.96 eV. The crystal phase observed from the spin-coating and solventless methods was α-NiS (hexagonal). A direct correlation was observed between annealing temperature, bandgap, and particle size.

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Pan, Yuan, Yinjuan Chen, Xiao Li, Yunqi Liu, and Chenguang Liu. "Nanostructured nickel sulfides: phase evolution, characterization and electrocatalytic properties for the hydrogen evolution reaction." RSC Advances 5, no. 127 (2015): 104740–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra18737k.

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Nanostructured nickel sulfides with different phases were synthesized and their electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution was investigated. β NiS exhibits the best catalytic activity among all the nickel sulfide catalysts.

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S. Refat, Moamen, Mohamed Y. El-Sayed, Ibrahim H. Alsohaimi, Hassan M. Hassan, Thamer S. Alraddadid, and Sultan Akhtar. "A simple and low-cost new procedure for synthesis of nickel(II) and cadmium(II) sulfides in situ thiourea metal–chelation precursor." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 37, no. 3 (March 6, 2023): 663–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.10.

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ABSTRACT. Nickel(II) and cadmium(II) sulfides are a promising chemical material in various advanced research areas such as solar cells, supercapacitors, catalysts, and of significant interest for their practical implementations in up to photonics and electronics. Cadmium and nickel sulfides were synthesized with stoichiometries in aqueous media at elevated temperature from Ni(NO3)2.6H2O, NiCl2.6H2O, NiSO4.6H2O, CdCl2, Cd(NO3)2.4H2O, CdSO4.8H2O and thiourea as a sulfur precursor using a direct chemical reaction. At room temperature an octahedral and tetrahedral geometries result from the reactions between different nickel(II), cadmium(II) and thiourea with the molecular formulas can be presented as [Ni(NH2CSNH2)6]X2 and [Cd(NH2CSNH2)4]X2 where X = Cl-, NO3-, SO42. The novelty of our study is precipitated yellow cadmium sulfide and black nickel sulfide at elevated temperature ~80 oC through the molar ratio 1:10 (M2+: thiourea) in aqueous media. Infrared spectra, XRD, TEM including EDX, and elemental analysis were used for characterization the metal sulfides products. The average crystalline size of obtained CdS and NiS particles in range 20-25 nm. Different reaction conditions effects were evaluated on the size, morphology and particle size.  KEY WORDS: Nickel and cadmium sulfide, Chelation, Thiourea, XRD, TEM Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 663-674.  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.10 

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Hartmann, Nathaniel J., Guang Wu, and Trevor W. Hayton. "Activation of CS2 by a “masked” terminal nickel sulfide." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 37 (2016): 14508–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt00885b.

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Activation of carbon disulfide (CS2) by “masked” terminal nickel sulfide, [K(18-crown-6)][(LtBu)Ni(S)], gives a trithiocarbonate complex. This result confirms the nucleophilicity of the sulfide ligand and expands the scope of reactivity for late metal sulfides.

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Zhang, Ya Hui, and Qing Wang. "The New Progress of Nickel Sulfide Synthesis." Advanced Materials Research 366 (October 2011): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.366.318.

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Nickel sulfide has been the subject of considerable interest because of its potential applications in many fields. In this paper, the synthesis of nickel sulfide nanostructures is described. The Morphologies of as prepared nickel sulfide nanostructures are summarized. And the applications and prospects of nickel sulfide in this field also are analyzed.

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Prabowo, Kevin Armeimada, Fakhreza Abdul, Yuli Setiyorini, Vuri Ayu Setyowati, and Sungging Pintowantoro. "Effect of pH on Precipitation of Ferronickel Leaching Solution by Using MgO for Mixed Sulfate Precipitate Synthesis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 920 (March 5, 2024): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-7bujxz.

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The increasing demand for electric vehicles affects the high demand for nickel-based batteries, including Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) batteries. Generally, NMC is processed from high-quality ore (sulfide ore) to produce nickel (II) sulfate hexahydrate or NiSO4.6H2O. But sulfide ore face scarcity due to a long history of mining and exploitation. Thus, laterite-type nickel ore can be an alternative to nickel resources. This study aims to produce mixed sulfate precipitates from a ferronickel leaching solution that can be utilized further to produce NiSO4.6H2O. Also, this research will study the pH effect of the precipitation process on the product's elemental composition, recovery, and compounds formed. The precipitation process was conducted using 5% MgO (weight basis) with a pH range of 2.5 to 6.5 with one increment. The mixed sulfate precipitates were characterized using AAS, EDX, and XRD. When using a pH of 3.5, a nickel concentration of 1473.00 ppm, nickel recovery of 23.02%, and Nickel grade of 3.18% could be obtained. As a result, the phase of NiSO4.6H2O was formed. Also, the other phases were formed after precipitation, such as CoSO4, FeSO4, and MgSO4.

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LU, PAI, and DONGFENG XUE. "EMULSION-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF NICKEL SULFIDE HIERARCHICAL ARCHITECTURES." Modern Physics Letters B 23, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2009): 3843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909021909.

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We herein demonstrated the preparation of nickel sulfide hierarchical architectures via an emulsion-assisted route in hydrothermal system. Scanning electron microscope images of the products at different reaction stages indicated that the construction of the nanostructured hierarchical nickel sulfide was accomplished through oriented attachment accompanied by an encapsulation procedure, and the as-obtained products exhibited uniform architectures assembled by various primary units (e.g. nanorods, nanosheets). In addition, the effect of different surfactants on the shape of nickel sulfide nanostructures was further studied. The results indicated that the hierarchical architectures can only be achieved with the assistance of anionic surfactant (e.g. sodium dodecyl sulfate). These as-prepared novel hierarchical nanostructures may be used in various areas, including industrial catalysis, and energy storage etc.

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Yin, Fengxiang, Chengxu Zhang, Yao Yu, Chenyang Lv, Zhengbo Gao, Bingang Lu, Xiaohui Su, et al. "Review on the Challenges of Magnesium Removal in Nickel Sulfide Ore Flotation and Advances in Serpentinite Depressor." Minerals 14, no. 10 (September 25, 2024): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14100965.

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Nickel is an important raw metal material in industry, which has been identified as a strategic mineral resource by the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources. Nickel sulfide ore accounts for 40% of all nickel ores worldwide. However, magnesium silicate gangue minerals in sulfide nickel ores, particularly serpentine, pose significant challenges to the flotation of nickel sulfide ores. The presence of magnesium silicate gangue leads to a series of issues, including increased energy consumption in subsequent smelting processes, accelerated equipment wastage, and increased SO2 emissions, which severely impact the comprehensive utilization of nickel resources in sulfide nickel ores. In this regard, flotation depressants are the most direct and effective method to reduce adverse influences caused by magnesium silicate gangue in the flotation of nickel sulfide ore concentrate. Based on the characteristics of the typical magnesium-containing nickel sulfide ore, this review illustrates the difficulties of the depression of magnesium silicate gangue during the flotation of nickel sulfide ore and gives an overview of the common depressants from six aspects (chelation depressants, dispersion depressants, flocculation depressants, depressants for grinding, depressants for slurry adjustment and combination depressants). Each section summarizes the relevant depression mechanisms and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of various reagents, providing a reference for designing depressants specifically targeting serpentine.

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McDonald, Robbie G., Jian Li, and Peter J. Austin. "High Temperature Pressure Oxidation of a Low-Grade Nickel Sulfide Concentrate with Control of the Residue Composition." Minerals 10, no. 3 (March 9, 2020): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10030249.

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High temperature pressure oxidation of a low-grade nickel concentrate was examined to demonstrate the potential benefits and shortcomings of this approach. The high iron sulfide content ensured that acid generation was much greater than for higher grade concentrates. This results in the formation of basic iron sulfate phases and a significant amount of sulfuric acid. Kinetic sampling during pressure oxidation tests also demonstrated the transformation of sulfide minerals, including the oxidative transformations of pentlandite to violarite and then to vaesite, the latter phase not previously noted in studies of this kind. Finally, addition of a divalent metal sulfate buffer, here magnesium sulfate, mitigates the formation of basic iron sulfates but with greater generation of sulfuric acid in the leach liquor. Under the conditions employed in this study, this acid could be employed to leach other nickel-containing materials such as nickel laterites.

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Li, Guangshi, Xiaolu Xiong, Liping Wang, Lang Che, Lizhen Wei, Hongwei Cheng, Xingli Zou, et al. "Sulfation Roasting of Nickel Oxide–Sulfide Mixed Ore Concentrate in the Presence of Ammonium Sulfate: Experimental and DFT Studies." Metals 9, no. 12 (November 25, 2019): 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9121256.

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Sulfation roasting, a common activation technique, is a potential method for cleaner production of nickel from complex low-grade ores. In this study, nickel oxide–sulfide mixed ore concentrate was roasted with the addition of ammonium sulfate under a static air atmosphere, and the roasted products were leached by water, in order to evaluate the extraction of metals. The ammonium sulfate activation roasting was investigated thoroughly and systematically by thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Particularly, the interface sulfation behavior and path were studied by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The results showed that a large amount of nonferrous metal sulfate (70% Ni, 89% Co, and 90% Cu) was generated, while iron was almost entirely transformed into iron oxide under appropriate roasting conditions of adding ammonium sulfate at a mass ratio of 200%, heating to 650 °C at 10 °C/min, and holding for 120 min. It was found that activation of ammonium sulfate can take two different paths: one in which ammonium sulfate directly reacts with raw ores below 500 °C and the other in which the SO2 decomposed from sulfates (ammonium sulfate, intermediate ammonium ferric sulfate, and ferric sulfate) reacts with the intermediate metal sulfides (NiS and Cu2S). The interface sulfation mechanism of NiS and Cu2S was investigated deeply by DFT method, which showed that there are two paths of sulfation for NiS or Cu2S, and both of them are thermodynamically favored. Thus, a thorough and systematic investigation of ammonium sulfate activation roasting of nickel oxide–sulfide mixed ore is provided; this might be a potential basis for future industrial applications of ammonium sulfate activation roasting techniques in complex mineral metallurgy.

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Wu, Kaili, Baochan Yang, Xixi Zhu, Wei Chen, Xiliang Luo, Zhenxue Liu, Xiao Zhang, and Qingyun Liu. "Cobalt and nickel bimetallic sulfide nanoparticles immobilized on montmorillonite demonstrating peroxidase-like activity for H2O2 detection." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 23 (2018): 18749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj04647f.

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Kim, Jong Seon, Gun Whan Lee, Ki Won Kim, Jou Hyen Ahn, Gyu Bong Cho, Ho Suk Ryu, and Hyo Jun Ahn. "The Discharge Properties of Nickel Sulfide Thin Film Prepared from Sulfidation of Nickel Foil." Materials Science Forum 544-545 (May 2007): 1073–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.1073.

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The nickel sulfide (Ni3S2) thin film could be prepared from Ni/S double layer, which was deposited on nickel foil using evaporation and sputtering. The nickel sulfide electrode was discharged and charged between 0.6V and 2.6V versus Li/Li+ at room temperature. The nickel sulfide film had the first discharge capacity of 270mAh/g, and two plateaus at 1.3V and 1.8V.

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RAMASAMY, KARTHIK, WEERAKANYA MANEEPRAKORN, NASIR IQBAL, MOHAMMAD AZAD MALIK, and PAUL O'BRIEN. "COBALT(II)/NICKEL(II) COMPLEXES OF DITHIOACETYLACETONE [M(SacSac)2](M = Co, Ni) AS SINGLE SOURCE PRECURSORS FOR COBALT/NICKEL SULFIDE NANOSTRUCTURES." International Journal of Nanoscience 10, no. 04n05 (August 2011): 815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x11009234.

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Cobalt(II)/Nickel(II) complexes of 4-thiopent-3-ene-2-thione (SacSac), [ M(SacSac) 2]( M = Co, Ni ) have been used as single source precursors (SSPs) for the preparation of cobalt/nickel sulfide thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD). Cobalt or nickel sulfide nanoparticles were grown by thermal decomposition of the precursor in hot trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) or hexadecylamine (HDA). XRD analysis showed that all samples of cobalt or nickel sulfide are of the sulfur deficient phases ( Ni9S8, Co9S8, Ni7S6 , or Ni3S2 ). SEM and TEM analysis showed that nickel sulfide formed nanowires, nanorods and spheres; cobalt sulfide formed plate like structures and spheres. The chemical compositions of the nanoparticles can be controlled by varying temperature or the capping agents.

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Panyushkina, Anna, Natalya Fomchenko, Vladislav Babenko, and Maxim Muravyov. "Effect of Temperature on Biobeneficiation of Bulk Copper-Nickel Concentrate with Thermoacidophilic Microbial Communities." Metals 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2021): 1969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121969.

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Bioleaching of the bulk copper–nickel sulfide concentrate was proposed as a method to remove nickel from it and to obtain a concentrate containing copper as chalcopyrite. This approach is based on the different refractoriness of sulfide minerals in ferric sulfate solutions and oxidation by acidophilic microorganisms. The bulk concentrate contained 10.8% copper in the form of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and 7.2% nickel that occurred in pentlandite ((Ni,Fe)9S8) and violarite (FeNi2S4). Three microbial communities grown at 35, 40, and 50 °C were used for bioleaching. The microbial community at 40 °C was the most diverse in the genus and species composition. At all temperatures of the process, the key roles in bioleaching belonged to mixotrophic and heterotrophic acidophiles. The highest levels of nickel leaching of 97.2 and 96.3% were observed in the case of communities growing at 40 and 50 °C, respectively. At the same time, the bioleach residue, which could be characterized as a marketable high-grade copper (chalcopyrite) concentrate, was obtained only at 40 °C. This solid contained 15.6% copper and 0.54% nickel. Thus, the biobeneficiation of bulk sulfide concentrates can be a promising field of biohydrometallurgy.

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Kotok, Valerii, Vadym Kovalenko, Rovil Nafeev, and Olena Melnyk. "Investigation of the characteristics of sulfurized electrochromic Ni(OH)2-PVA films deposited on transparent substrates." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 6(115) (February 28, 2022): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252634.

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Obtaining new types of composite coatings for various purposes is the most important direction in chemistry. The synthesis of composite hydroxide-sulfide compounds can be useful in various areas of applied electrochemistry. Using a simple two-step method, thin films composed of nickel hydroxide sulfide-polyvinyl alcohol were formed. The production of nickel hydroxide sulfide-polyvinyl alcohol composite was carried out by holding the nickel hydroxide-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating formed on the glass electrode with an electrically conductive substrate in a solution of 0.03 M Na2S for 10 minutes. The formation of nickel sulfide on the surface of nickel hydroxide was shown indirectly. It was shown that there were no changes in morphology after the treatment of the electrode in sodium sulfide solution. As a result of the treatment, the electrochemical and electrochromic characteristics changed. There was some deterioration in the average coloration depth from 55 % to 49 % for the electrode containing nickel sulfide. The electrochemical characteristics also deteriorated slightly after the formation of the sulfide film, namely, the specific capacitance, which went to the passage of anodic and cathodic processes. However, the capacitance efficiency increased from 83 % to 87 % for the sulfide-treated film. Despite this, this simple method is considered to be potentially promising for the formation of electrodes for use in other electrochemical devices. In addition, due to the treatment in a sodium sulfide solution, it became possible to roughly determine the size of the nickel hydroxide clusters in the nickel hydroxide-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating. These clusters did not exceed 430 nm in size, which was almost equal to the lower limit of the wavelength of the visible spectrum.

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Dzvinamurungu, Thomas, Derek Hugh Rose, Ngonidzashe Chimwani, and Fanus Viljoen. "Using Process Mineralogy as a Tool to Investigate Blending Potential of the Pentlandite-Bearing Ores at the Nkomati Ni Mine in South Africa." Minerals 12, no. 5 (May 20, 2022): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050649.

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The mineralogy and texture of Ni-sulfide ores at the Nkomati nickel mine are highly variable, and this results in often erratic nickel recovery at the mine. The variability of the ore presents an opportunity to study the influence of grind size on the flotation-based recovery of Ni in highly heterogeneous sulfide ores, which would be applicable to this ore type at many other mines worldwide. In view of this, a process mineralogy investigation was conducted on thirteen mineralogically and texturally different nickel-sulfide ores from the Nkomati Nickel Mine, with a view on the influence of grind size on the flotation performance of pentlandite. Ore types presented include medium- and high-grade variants of the bleb, disseminated, massive, semi-massive, and net-textured sulfide ores of the Main Mineralized Zone (MMZ), as well as disseminated chromite-rich nickel sulfide ore and massive chromitite ore of the Peridotitic Chromitite Mineralized Zone (PCMZ). Laboratory scale metallurgical test work, comprising of sequential grinding and bench-top flotation testing of the ores, was conducted in combination with quantitative mineralogical investigation of the flotation feed and associated flotation products, using a FEI 600F Mineral Liberation Analyzer. The ore types under consideration require a variety of grind sizes (i.e., milling times) in order to attain optimal recovery of nickel through flotation. This is predominantly controlled by ore texture, and also partly by the abundance of the major constituent minerals in the ore, being pyroxenes, base metal sulfides, and chromite. Liberation of pentlandite is directly correlated with grind size (milling time), which is also positively correlated with the level of nickel recovery through flotation. A grind size of P80 at 75 µm results in the highest concentrate nickel grades of 7.5–8.1% in the PCMZ ores’ types which is the current grind for the PCMZ ores at Nkomati. A grind size of P77 at 75 µm yields the best overall pentlandite liberation, Ni recoveries of 84–88% and grades of 5.3–5.6% in the MMZ ores. This holds the potential to produce the best overall pentlandite liberation, nickel grades, recoveries from blending the MMZ and PCMZ ore types, and milling the composite ore at a target grind of P80 at 75 µm.

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Valerii, Kotok, Kovalenko Vadym, Nafeev Rovil, and Melnyk Olena. "Investigation of the characteristics of sulfurized electrochromic Ni(OH)2-PVA films deposited on transparent substrates." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 6 (115) (February 28, 2022): 24–30. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.252634.

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Obtaining new types of composite coatings for various purposes is the most important direction in chemistry. The synthesis of composite hydroxide-sulfide compounds can be useful in various areas of applied electrochemistry. Using a simple two-step method, thin films composed of nickel hydroxide sulfide-polyvinyl alcohol were formed. The production of nickel hydroxide sulfide-polyvinyl alcohol composite was carried out by holding the nickel hydroxide-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating formed on the glass electrode with an electrically conductive substrate in a solution of 0.03 M Na2S for 10 minutes. The formation of nickel sulfide on the surface of nickel hydroxide was shown indirectly. It was shown that there were no changes in morphology after the treatment of the electrode in sodium sulfide solution. As a result of the treatment, the electrochemical and electrochromic characteristics changed. There was some deterioration in the average coloration depth from 55 % to 49 % for the electrode containing nickel sulfide. The electrochemical characteristics also deteriorated slightly after the formation of the sulfide film, namely, the specific capacitance, which went to the passage of anodic and cathodic processes. However, the capacitance efficiency increased from 83 % to 87 % for the sulfide-treated film. Despite this, this simple method is considered to be potentially promising for the formation of electrodes for use in other electrochemical devices. In addition, due to the treatment in a sodium sulfide solution, it became possible to roughly determine the size of the nickel hydroxide clusters in the nickel hydroxide-polyvinyl alcohol composite coating. These clusters did not exceed 430 nm in size, which was almost equal to the lower limit of the wavelength of the visible spectrum.

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Poudel, M. B., and A. A. Kim. "Direct growth of MoS2-Ni3S2 core-shell nanowire array on nickel foam as a bifunctional electrode for supercapacitor and electro-oxidation of methanol." Chalcogenide Letters 18, no. 10 (October 2021): 639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/cl.2021.1810.639.

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Herein, molybdenum sulfide-nickel sulfide (MoS2-Ni3S2) core shell nanowires were directly grown on nickel foam by one step hydrothermal process. The MoS2-Ni3S2 was employed as electrode for supercapacitor electrode and methanol oxidation. The MoS2- Ni3S2 electrode exhibited the specific capacitance of 792 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g1 in a three electrode cell configuration in 1 M KOH electrolyte and maintained the current density up to 168.7 A g -1 in 1 M KOH electrolyte mixes with 0.5 M methanol. This work confirmed the suitability of the transition metal sulfides for energy storage and electrooxidation of methanol.

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Yu, Haoran, Ding Shen, Ran Zhang, and Shiyu Zhao. "Synthesis of Flower-like Crystal Nickel–Cobalt Sulfide and Its Supercapacitor Performance." Coatings 14, no. 5 (May 2, 2024): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050564.

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In order to improve the pseudocapacitance performance of metal sulfide electrode materials and obtain supercapacitor energy storage devices with excellent electrochemical reversibility and long-term cycle stability, the synthesis of flower-shaped crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide and its supercapacitor performance were studied. NiCo2S4 flower-shaped crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide was prepared by the hydrothermal method with nickel foam as the raw material, and electrode materials were added to prepare supercapacitor electrodes for testing of the supercapacitor performance. The physical properties of flower-shaped crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide were tested by a scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, and the voltammetric cycle and constant current charge and discharge of supercapacitor electrodes prepared from this sulfide were analyzed through experiments. The experimental results showed that the flower crystal microstructure had a positive effect on the electrochemical properties. The capacitance value was always high at different current densities, and the capacity was as high as 3867.8 A/g at pH 12. After 2000 voltage–charge–discharge cycle tests, the petal-like sulfide capacity still had a retention rate of 90.57, the flower crystal nickel–cobalt sulfide still showed an excellent supercapacitor performance and the specific capacity was still high, which demonstrates that this sulfide has excellent cyclic stability and durability in electrochemical applications.

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Nechvoglod, O. V., Evgeny N. Selivanov, and S. V. Mamyachenkov. "Effect of Structure on the Electrochemical Oxidation Rate of Copper and Nickel Sulfides." Defect and Diffusion Forum 326-328 (April 2012): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.326-328.383.

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Synthesized samples were crystallized at 10 - 1000 K/sec (νcooling) to study the effect of sulfides structure on the electrochemical oxidation rates. The methods of X-ray, optical and electronic microscopy are used to analyze the phase composition, and the methods of voltamperometry and chronoamperometry are used to study the laws of electrochemical oxidation. Slow cooling of the samples with sulfide phase (Cu1,96S, Ni3S2) leads to crystallization of the metal (Ni, Cu). High cooling rate leads to crystallization of non-equilibrium phases, increasing of proportion of the sulfide phase and decreasing of metallic component up to complete disappearance. It is shown that electrochemical oxidation of copper and nickel sulfides proceeds stepwise: Me2S Me2-XS Me1+XS MeS Me2+ + S. Experiments have revealed the rates of electrochemical oxidation of granular sulfides that exceed the rates established for the slowly cooled samples. The rates of the electrochemical oxidation of Ni3S2 at potential of 1500 mV are 8.810-8 g/sec·mm2 (at vcooling = 10 К/sec) and 1.310-7 g/sec·mm2 (at νcooling = 1000 К/sec). The rates of the electrochemical oxidation of Cu2S at potential of 1000 mV are 2.810-8 g/sec·mm2 (at νcooling = 10 К/sec) and 4.310-8 g/sec·mm2 (at νcooling = 1000 К/sec). It is found that the forming of a passivation layer effects the rate of the electrochemical oxidation of copper sulfide and nickel sulfide. Non-equilibrium phase composition and refinement provide greater reactivity of sulfides in the conditions of anodic polarization. The oxidation and passivation of metallic phase along with sulfide phases proceed from the surface of Me2S Me alloys. As for the samples crystallized at 1000 K/sec only anodic oxidation of sulfides occurs due to a lack of metallic phase. The compositions of passivation films and potentials providing the extraction of sulfur in the elemental state from the sulfides crystallized at high rates were determined.

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Kang, Jinhyeon, and Sanggyu Yim. "Enhanced cycle stability of a NiCo 2 S 4 nanostructured electrode for supercapacitors fabricated by the alternate-dip-coating method." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 8 (August 2018): 180506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180506.

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Nanostructured nickel cobalt sulfide (NiCo 2 S 4 ) electrodes are successfully fabricated using a simple alternate-dip-coating method. The process involves dipping a TiO 2 nanoparticles-covered substrate in a nickel/cobalt precursor solution and sulfur precursor solution alternately at room temperature. The fabricated bimetallic sulfide electrode exhibits a synergetic improvement compensating for the disadvantages of the two single metal sulfide electrodes, i.e. the poor cycle stability of the nickel sulfide electrode and the low specific capacitance ( C sp ) of the cobalt sulfide electrode. The two capacitive properties are optimized by adjusting the ratio of nickel and cobalt concentrations in the metal precursor solution, reaching a C sp of 516 F g −1 at a current density of 1 mA cm −2 , with its retention being 99.9% even after 2000 galvanostatic charge–discharge cycles.

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26

Fortin, D., G. Southam, and T. J. Beveridge. "Nickel sulfide, iron-nickel sulfide and iron sulfide precipitation by a newly isolated Desulfotomaculum species and its relation to nickel resistance." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 14, no. 2 (June 1994): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1994.tb00099.x.

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Karbanee, Nazneen, Robert P. van Hille, and Alison E. Lewis. "Controlled Nickel Sulfide Precipitation Using Gaseous Hydrogen Sulfide." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 47, no. 5 (March 2008): 1596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0711224.

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Ha, Nam, Kai Xu, Yinfen Cheng, Rui Ou, Qijie Ma, Yihong Hu, Vien Trinh, et al. "Self-Assembly of Ultrathin Nickel Oxysulfide for Reversible Gas Sensing at Room Temperature." Chemosensors 10, no. 9 (September 17, 2022): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10090372.

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Two-dimensional (2D) or ultrathin metal sulfides have been emerging candidates in developing high-performance gas sensors given their physisorption-dominated interaction with target gas molecules. Their oxysulfide derivatives, as intermediates between oxides and sulfides, were recently demonstrated to have fully reversible responses at room temperature and long-term device stability. In this work, we explored the micro-scale self-assembly of ultrathin nickel oxysulfide through the calcination of nickel sulfide in a controllable air environment. The thermal treatment resulted in the replacement of most S atoms in the Ni-S frameworks by O atoms, leading to the crystal phase transition from original hexagonal to orthorhombic coordination. In addition, the corresponding bandgap was slightly expanded by ~0.15 eV compared to that of pure nickel sulfide. Nickel oxysulfide exhibited a fully reversible response towards H2 at room temperature for concentrations ranging from 0.25% and 1%, without the implementation of external stimuli such as light excitation and voltage biasing. The maximum response factor of ~3.24% was obtained at 1% H2, which is at least one order larger than those of common industrial gases including CH4, CO2, and NO2. Such an impressive response was also highly stable for at least four consecutive cycles. This work further demonstrates the great potential of metal oxysulfides in room-temperature gas sensing.

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Bahfie, Fathan, Azwar Manaf, Widi Astuti, Fajar Nurjaman, Erik Prastyo, and Ulin Herlina. "Development of laterite ore processing and its applications." Indonesian Mining Journal 25, no. 2 (December 2022): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30556/imj.vol25.no2.2022.1261.

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Nickel ore is found in two types sulfide and laterite. The sulfide is a nickel ore that has high nickel content and low reserves of natural resources than of the zinc laterite. In contrast, the laterite is a rock mineral that contains the iron-nickel oxide compounds. There are two methods of processing nickel laterite, namely hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy. The former is a method that uses leaching by a chemical solution or solid such as acid, as a reducing agent. The alkaline leaching (ammonia) is the most optimal method to obtain a nickel grade with the highest recovery but it needs more modification. Pyrometallurgical method uses high heat up to 1800°C, so it requires a lot of energy and needs improvement to decrease the carbon usage. The rotary kiln-electric furnace method is the optimal method for developing the nickel laterite. These methods generate products that can be applied to various fields. For example, the pyrometallurgy method produces nickel pig iron and ferronickel as raw materials for stainless steel and steel alloys. The hydrometallurgy method produces nickel sulfate and nickel oxide with a purity of 99% by weight as raw materials for magnets, sensors, and batteries. Hence, the hydrometallurgy method still needs improvements for the environmentally friendly reagent. Therefore, bioleaching will be a nickel laterite leaching process in the future by using bacteria as the reducing agent.

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McDonald, Robbie G., and Jian Li. "The High Temperature Co-Processing of Nickel Sulfide and Nickel Laterite Sources." Minerals 10, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10040351.

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The pressure oxidation of low-grade nickel sulfide concentrate with high iron sulfides content generates significant amounts of sulfuric acid that must be neutralized. This acid can be utilized to leach metal values from ores such as nickel laterites. The present study demonstrates the use of a low-grade nickel concentrate generated from Poseidon Nickel Mt Windarra ore to enable additional nickel and cobalt extraction from a Bulong Nickel Operation nickel laterite blend. The co-processing of these materials at 250 °C, with oxygen overpressure, using total pulp densities of 30% or 40% w/w, and a range of nickel concentrate to nickel laterite mass ratios between 0.30–0.53, yielded base metal extractions of 95% or greater. The final free acid range was between 21.5–58.5 g/L, which indicates that enough in situ sulfuric acid was generated during co-processing. The acid was shown from mineralogical analysis to be efficiently utilized to dissolve the laterite ore, which indicates that the primary iron hydrolysis product was hematite, while the aluminum-rich sodium alunite/jarosite phase that formed hosts approximately 5% of the hydrolyzed iron.

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Aso, Keigo, Akitoshi Hayashi, and Masahiro Tatsumisago. "Preparation conditions of NiS active material in high-boiling solvents for all-solid-state lithium secondary batteries." New J. Chem. 38, no. 4 (2014): 1731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nj01432k.

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The formation mechanism of nickel sulfide was investigated by changing reaction conditions, examining intermediates, and verifying the effects of capping ability of a coordinating solvent on crystal phases of nickel sulfide.

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32

Gu, Yong-Pan, Ying Zhang, Meng-Yao Wang, Yu-Xin Huang, Zi-Yi Zhang, Shao-Hong Wei, and Wei-Min Du. "High-Performance Solid-State Hybrid Supercapacitors Based on One-Dimensional Nickel Sulfide Nano-Arrays and Commercial Activated Carbon." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 899–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3729.

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Nano-materials with ordered structures exhibit the valuable application in the domain of supercapacitors due to the internal structural advantages. Herein, one-dimensional nickel sulfide nano-arrays were prepared by a one-pot solvothermal method. When applied as the binder-free electrodes of supercapacitors, one-dimensional nickel sulfide nano-arrays can achieve superior electrochemical properties. It is particularly important that solidstate hybrid supercapacitors based on one-dimensional nickel sulfide nano-arrays and commercial activated carbon can achieve the areal energy density of 0.355 mWh cm–2 and stable voltage window of 0–1.6 V. In the meantime, the current hybrid supercapacitors can deliver the outstanding working lifetimes and the higher practical value. Such exciting results demonstrates that one-dimensional nickel sulfide nano-arrays have the wide application prospects in the field of small, lightweight, and mobile electronic products.

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33

Liu, Shanqi, Yongbing Li, Yiwen Ju, Jie Liu, Jianming Liu, and Yaolin Shi. "Equilibrium nickel isotope fractionation in nickel sulfide minerals." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 222 (February 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.10.018.

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Stepanov, V. A., V. Ye Kungurova та I. A. Koidan. "Металлогения Камчатского срединного массива". Bulletin of the North-East Science Center, № 4 (28 грудня 2020): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34078/1814-0998-2020-4-39-54.

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The article describes the ore bearance of three stages of reflected activation of the Kamchatka middle massif: Late Cretaceous, Eocene, and Miocene. In the first stage, gold mineralization of the gold-quartz and gold-sulfide-quartz formations was formed; in the second - sulfide platinoid-copper-nickel; in the third - gold-copper-molybdenum-porphyry. The relationship of gold, sulfide platinoid-copper-nickel and gold-copper-molybdenum-porphyry mineralization with certain igneous rock complexes - (Kola, Dukuk and Lavkin) is shown. The mining of nickel, copper from the Shanuch deposit and gold from placers has been noted.

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Fetohi, Amani E., Dena Z. Khater, R. S. Amin, and K. M. El-Khatib. "Nickel sulfide–transition metal sulfides bi-electrocatalyst supported on Nickel Foam for water splitting." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 207 (December 2025): 112906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2025.112906.

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Le Vaillant, Margaux, Stephen J. Barnes, James E. Mungall, and Emma L. Mungall. "Role of degassing of the Noril’sk nickel deposits in the Permian–Triassic mass extinction event." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 10 (February 21, 2017): 2485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1611086114.

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The largest mass extinction event in Earth's history marks the boundary between the Permian and Triassic Periods at circa 252 Ma and has been linked with the eruption of the basaltic Siberian Traps large igneous province (SLIP). One of the kill mechanisms that has been suggested is a biogenic methane burst triggered by the release of vast amounts of nickel into the atmosphere. A proposed Ni source lies within the huge Noril’sk nickel ore deposits, which formed in magmatic conduits widely believed to have fed the eruption of the SLIP basalts. However, nickel is a nonvolatile element, assumed to be largely sequestered at depth in dense sulfide liquids that formed the orebodies, preventing its release into the atmosphere and oceans. Flotation of sulfide liquid droplets by surface attachment to gas bubbles has been suggested as a mechanism to overcome this problem and allow introduction of Ni into the atmosphere during eruption of the SLIP lavas. Here we use 2D and 3D X-ray imagery on Noril’sk nickel sulfide, combined with simple thermodynamic models, to show that the Noril’sk ores were degassing while they were forming. Consequent “bubble riding” by sulfide droplets, followed by degassing of the shallow, sulfide-saturated, and exceptionally volatile and Cl-rich SLIP lavas, permitted a massive release of nickel-rich volcanic gas and subsequent global dispersal of nickel released from this gas as aerosol particles.

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Gole, Ajay V., and Shivram S. Garje. "Preparation of Nickel Sulfide Thin Films and Nanocrystallites Using Nickel Furfuraldehyde Thiosemicarbazone as Single-Source Precursor." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 3828–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3828.

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Nickel furfuraldehyde thiosemcarbabazone adduct of the type, NiCl2(L)2(L = furfuraldehyde thiosemicarbazone) was synthesized by the reaction between nickel dichloride hexahydrate and furfuraldehyde thiosemicarbazone in 1:2 stoichiometry. The resulting compound was characterised by elemental analysis, IR,1H and13C{1H} NMR spectral data. It was further used as a single-source precursor for the deposition of nickel sulfide thin films by aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) technique and the nickel sulfide nanocrystallites by pyrolysis and solvothermal decomposition methods. The thin films obtained were characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis by X-rays (EDAX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The nanocrystallites obtained were also characterized by XRD, EDAX as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The SEM images of the thin films show formation of different morphologies of nickel sulfide, i.e. nanoball-like, nanowires to flower-like depending on the growth temperature. The mechanism for the variation of the morphology with the growth temperature has been proposed. The XRD of the nanocrystallites obtained matches with the hexagonal phase of nickel sulfide and the TEM images show formation of 10-50 nm spherical nano-crystals.

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38

Luganov, Vladimir, Brajendra Mishra, Saule Baimakhanova, and Rinat Akpanbayev. "Chemical Enrichment of Nickel Sulfide." International Journal of Nonferrous Metallurgy 05, no. 01 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijnm.2016.51001.

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Lacroix, M., M. Vrinat, and M. Breysse. "Unsupported nickel tungsten sulfide catalysts." Applied Catalysis 21, no. 1 (February 1986): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0166-9834(00)81329-9.

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Didik, V. A., V. V. Kaminskiĭ, E. A. Skoryatina, V. P. Usacheva, N. V. Sharenkova, and A. V. Golubkov. "Nickel diffusion in samarium sulfide." Technical Physics Letters 32, no. 7 (July 2006): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063785006070017.

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Holcomb, Gordon R., and Stephen D. Cramer. "Nickel sulfide hollow whisker formation." Materials Characterization 38, no. 2 (February 1997): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1044-5803(97)80025-3.

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Himstedt, Rasmus, Dominik Hinrichs, and Dirk Dorfs. "Extinction Coefficient of Plasmonic Nickel Sulfide Nanocrystals and Gold-Nickel Sulfide Core-Shell Nanoparticles." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 233, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2018-1165.

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Abstract In the presented work, the molar extinction coefficient of plasmonic heazlewoodite (Ni3S2) nanoparticles and Au-Ni3S2 core-shell nanoparticles is determined for the first time. The results are compared to analogously determined extinction coefficients of pure Au nanocrystals (NCs), which themselves correlate very well with existing literature on the subject. The measured extinction coefficients at the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) maximum wavelength of nickel sulfide particles are similar to the values of equally sized Au NCs. Therefore, considering the lower cost of the heazlewoodite material, it could be a reasonable alternative for optical applications of nanoparticles showing a LSPR in the visible regime of the electromagnetic spectrum. Furthermore, this study shows, that by growing a Ni3S2 shell onto a pure Au nanocrystal a highly tuneable optical material with variable LSPR frequency and molar extinction coefficient is obtained.

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Abdpour, Soheil, Lars Rademacher, Marcus N. A. Fetzer, Thi Hai Yen Beglau, and Christoph Janiak. "Iron-Containing Nickel Cobalt Sulfides, Selenides, and Sulfoselenides as Active and Stable Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in an Alkaline Solution." Solids 4, no. 3 (July 16, 2023): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solids4030012.

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Iron-containing nickel sulfides, selenides, and sulfoselenides were synthesized via a simple two-step hydrothermal reaction (temperature ≤ 160 °C) for their application as electrocatalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline solution (1 mol L−1 KOH). The study demonstrated that iron-containing nickel cobalt sulfides and selenides exhibit superior OER performance with lower overpotentials compared to iron-free nickel cobalt sulfide and selenide, which highlights the significant role of iron in enhancing OER nickel cobalt electrocatalysts: Fe0.1Ni1.4Co2.9(S0.87O0.13)4, η50 = 318 mV; Fe0.2Ni1.5Co2.8(S0.9O0.1)4, η50 = 310 mV; Fe0.3Ni1.2Co2.5(S0.9O0.1)4, η50 = 294 mV; Fe0.6Ni1.2Co2.5(S0.83O0.17)4, η50 = 294 mV; Fe0.4Ni0.7Co1.6(Se0.81O0.19)4, η50 = 306 mV compared to Ni1.0Co2.1(S0.9O0.1)4, η50 = 346 mV; and Ni0.7Co1.4(Se0.85O0.15)4, η50 = 355 mV (all values at current densities η50 of 50 mA cm−2). Furthermore, the iron-containing nickel cobalt sulfoselenide Fe0.5Ni1.0Co2.0(S0.57Se0.25O0.18)4 displayed exceptional OER performance with η50 = 277 mV, surpassing the benchmark RuO2 electrode with η50 = 299 mV. The superior performance of the sulfoselenide was attributed to its low charge transfer resistance (Rct) of 0.8 Ω at 1.5 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Moreover, the sulfoselenide demonstrated remarkable stability, with only a minimal increase in overpotential (η50) from 277 mV to 279 mV after a 20 h chronopotentiometry test. These findings suggest that trimetallic iron, nickel and cobalt sulfide, selenide, and especially sulfoselenide materials hold promise as high-performance, cost-effective, and durable electrocatalysts for sustainable OER reactions. This study provides a valuable approach for the development of efficient electrocatalytic materials, contributing to the advancement of renewable energy technologies.

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Ghezelbash, Ali, and Brian A. Korgel. "Nickel Sulfide and Copper Sulfide Nanocrystal Synthesis and Polymorphism." Langmuir 21, no. 21 (October 2005): 9451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la051196p.

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Malitch, K. N., I. Yu Badanina, N. G. Soloshenko, and S. F. Sluzhenikin. "Copper and zinc isotopic variations in Ni-Cu-PGE ores of the Noril’sk Province (Russia)." LITHOSPHERE (Russia) 24, no. 2 (May 6, 2024): 300–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.24930/1681-9004-2024-24-2-300-325.

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Research subject. Mineral assemblages of sulfides from massive and disseminated sulfide nickel-copper-platinum-group element (Ni-Cu-PGE) and low-sulfide PGE ores of the Noril’sk Province, which hosts the richest complex deposits of platinum-group metals, nickel, and copper. Aim. In order to identify sources of ore material and explore new forecasting approaches for Ni-Cu-PGE deposits, we study the Cu- and Zn isotopic compositions of sulfides from economic Kharaelakh and Noril’sk-1 intrusions containing unique and large sulphide Ni-Cu-PGE deposits (Oktyabr’sk and Noril’sk-1, respectively), subeconmic Zub-Marksheider and Vologochan intrusions containing small- to medium-size Ni-Cu-PGE deposits, and non-economic Nizhny Talnakh and Nizhny Noril’sk intrusions containing low grade disseminated Ni-Cu mineralization. Results. The analyzed samples are characterized by sulfide mineral assemblages, which contain mainly chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, troilite, cubanite, and galena. Sulfide Ni-Cu-PGE ores of the Oktyabr’sk and Noril’sk-1 deposits, associated with economic intrusions (i.e., Kharaelakh and Noril’sk-1), demonstrate distinct δ65Cu values from –2.42 to –1.40‰ and from –0.33 to 0.60‰, respectively, which differ from the δ65Cu values for sulfides from other Ni-Cu-PGE deposits and ore occurrences of the Noril’sk Province (data comprise 36 analyses). We note that the Cu-isotopic composition for sulfide minerals of massive and disseminated ores from the Kharaelakh intrusion has similar “isotope-light” characteristics. The most pronounced shift towards “isotope-heavy” copper was found in the horizon of low-sulfide PGE ores of the Noril’sk-1 intrusion (δ65Cu = 0.51–0.60‰). The isotopic composition of Zn (δ66Zn) for the studied sulfide samples from economic, subeconomic, and non-economic intrusions, with the exception of one sample (0.73 ± 0.14‰), is characterized by similar “isotope-light” values (from –0.65 to –0.03‰). Conclusions. The revealed variations in the Cu- and Zn-isotopic composition in the studied sulfide assemblages from all types of ores reﬂect their primary characteristics; however, for the unique Oktyabr’sk Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, characterized by the most “isotopically light” composition of copper (δ65Cu = –1.9 ± 0.34‰), the possibility of assimilation of an external source of Cu during the formation of sulfide Ni-Cu-PGE ores cannot be excluded. The combined use of Cu and Zn isotopic parameters proved to be a weakly informative predictive indicator for the detection of high-grade sulfide ores, primarily due to the similarity of the Zn isotopic composition of the ore material in all investigated intrusions of the Noril’sk Province.

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Mo, Nguyen Thi, Mai Hoang Phuong, Chau Nguyen Minh, and Cam Le Minh. "Synthesis of nickel iron sulfides used as electrode materials for supercapacitors." Vietnam Journal of Catalysis and Adsorption 11, no. 2 (July 27, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/jca.2022.021.

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Herein, hydroxides of nickel and iron as well as sulfide of nickel and iron were synthesized by hydrothermal method. Structure, elemental composition and morphology of the samples were characterized by XRD, EDX and SEM. Electrochemical properties of the electrodes were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results indicate that, Ni/NF, Fe/NF and NiFe/NF show pseudocapacitor behavior while NiS/NF, FeS/NF and NiFeS/NF are likely to be hybrid asymmetric supercapacitors. The synergistic effect of bimetallic nickel and iron ions of the hydroxides and sulfides provides better electrochemical performance of the electrode materials. NiFeS/NF exhibits the highest specific capacitance, 2079 F g-1.

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Pillay, Keshree, Aubrey Njema Mainza, Deshenthree Chetty, and Megan Becker. "Mineralogical Factors Affecting the Dense Medium Separation of Nickel Sulfide Ores." Minerals 12, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12101311.

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Dense medium separation (DMS) is often used to reject a large portion of gangue material upfront to create cost and energy savings during processing. As lower-grade ores with complex mineralogy are being increasingly exploited, the properties of the gangue minerals begin to play a more important role in the upgrading of the ore. It is therefore important to understand these mineralogical factors to be able to select suitable processing routes for specific ore types. Two nickel sulfide deposits in southern Africa were chosen as case studies to understand differences in DMS efficiency when applied to different ores: Ore A and Ore B. Both ores showed nickel upgrades using DMS and the products were then characterized using QEMSCAN, with the aid of X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. Overall, particle density remains the main control on the separation, followed by sulfide texture, with massive and net-textured sulfides having larger grain sizes and therefore better liberation than disseminated sulfides. In addition to the concentration of sulfides, primary and secondary silicate minerals are separated by their density differences, which can affect the recovery of finely disseminated sulfides associated with them. Particle size is also important in DMS, with material near the cut-point density separating on size rather than density. The understanding of the mineralogical properties affecting DMS can aid in the prediction of the suitability of DMS for different ore types.

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Ayedzi, Linda D., Massimiliano Zanin, William Skinner, and George B. Abaka-Wood. "Characterization of a Nickel Sulfide Concentrate and Its Implications on Pentlandite Beneficiation." Minerals 14, no. 4 (April 18, 2024): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14040414.

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In anticipation of future demands, a comprehensive understanding of the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of nickel-bearing minerals is a prerequisite to devising effective nickel beneficiation methods. Of particular importance are markers in the mineralogy of the flotation concentrate that inform beneficiation strategies to improve concentrate grades, increasing both the marketability and cost of refining. In this work, a detailed characterization of a complex nickel sulfide flotation concentrate from a Western Australian deposit was carried out to determine the mode of occurrence and distribution of nickel and the associated gangue minerals, with the view of identifying prudent beneficiation strategies to improve concentrate grades. The concentrate was characterized via particle, chemical, and mineralogical techniques. Particle size analysis of the concentrate showed that it consisted predominantly of fine and ultra-fine particles (<20 μm), with the nickel value concentrated in the finer size fractions. Nickel mineralization in the ore (by quantitative X-ray diffraction) was found to be within pentlandite, violarite, millerite, and gersdorffite. The sulfide gangue was predominantly pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, arsenopyrite, and galena. Quantitative evaluation of minerals by scanning microscopy (QEMSCAN) analysis revealed that nickel minerals are at least 91% liberated, and the remaining portion (around 7%) is locked within binary iron (Fe) sulfides and 2% within complex minerals. Based on these findings, potential processing options, such as magnetic separation, gravity separation, and froth flotation, for recovering and upgrading nickel from this concentrate are discussed. Notably, with the significant presence of ultrafine/fine pyrrhotite content, averaging around 52% in the minus 38 µm fraction, novel flotation cells, including the Jameson cell, column flotation cells, and Reflux flotation cell (RFC), have been identified as potential candidates for fine/ultrafine pentlandite recovery. Overall, the characterization study conducted suggests that acquiring knowledge about the mineralogical characteristics of existing mineral concentrates can serve as a pathway to improving future concentrate grades.

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Yuan, Binxia, and Weiling Luan. "Phase-controlled synthesis of nickel sulfide series via solvothermal method." Functional Materials Letters 07, no. 01 (February 2014): 1450003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604714500039.

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Nickel sulfide series nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple solvothermal reduction method of nickel chloride and element sulfur in the oleylamine solvent. This method could offer potential advantages of mildness, safety, low cost, and simplified fabrication procedures. Through the adjustment of Ni / S raw material ratio, different phases of nickel sulfide, including cubic NiS 2, hexagonal NiS , orthorhombic Ni 7 S 6, and trigonal Ni 3 S 2 were obtained. In addition, the sulfur sources played important roles in the synthesis of nickel sulfide series compounds. The possible growth mechanisms had been discussed based on the influence of reaction temperatures and solvents on the phase structure and detailed composition of the final products. Finally, the obtained optical properties demonstrated that each sample had the unique absorption peak except cubic NiS 2.

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Sung, Kiwhan, Sang Hyun Lee, Taek-Mo Chung, and Chang Gyoun Kim. "A Facile Route to Nano-Sized Nickel Sulfide via Thermolysis of Nickel Alkanethiolate." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 4873–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.ic57.

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Nano-sized nickel sulfides were synthesized by the thermolysis of nickel alkanethiolates in the presence of coordinating ligands. Nickel alkanethiolates were synthesized by the reaction of the square planar nickel 1-dimethylamino-2-methyl-2-propanolate [Ni(dmamp)2] with various n-alkanethiols. The effect of ligands in the reaction system has been investigated to control the size and shape of nano-sized nickel sulfides. TEM images show that the products are nano-sized nickel sulfides in rod and plate shapes. Nickel alkanethiolates and nano-sized nickel sulfides have been characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.

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