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BERKTAŞ, Sena, i Renk DİMLİ ORAKLIBEL. "NEW GENERATION CRAFT: IKEA HACK AND ITS TAXONOMY". TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, nr 1 (1.01.2021): 232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11101100/013.
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In this research, IKEA-hacks are examined according to their main characteristics and classified according to these examinations. In the study, IKEA-hack and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) and the IKEA Effect subjects are included to expose the IKEA-hack issue comprehensively. The IKEA-hacks examined in the classification were selected from the studies on the ikeahackers.net website. At first, a pilot study was carried out and a review table was created as a result of some improvements during the pilot study. The classification includes; the information about the intended use of products before and after the hack, to which hack category they belong to, how many IKEA products have been used in process, the instruments used in procedure, and which spaces the product has been prepared. The hack categories were divided into two main categories as visual and functional modifications. These modifications are discussed under 2 categories and 8 sub-categories. The first category is visual changes that includes only-colour modification (A), material change (B), colour and material change (C) as sub- categories. The second category is dedicated to functional changes and includes sub-categories such as; the products used without any modification but for a purpose other than specified by IKEA (D), improved functionality (E), those with added functionalities (F), modifications on the indented use specified by the company by making some modifications on the product (G), and creating a new product by combining independent parts (H). Among 6313 works presented on the ikeahackers.net website published between 2006 and 2018, 378 works involved in the sample were examined; the analyses were separately performed for every year and the changes were compared between the years. Examining the outcomes, only 21% of the practices were conducted for visual purposes only, %79 is about functionality. In visual based practices, category C comes front in which colour and material change performed at the same time. Whereas in the functional practices, people mostly performed Category G in which hackers redefine the context of usage of the IKEA products.
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BERKTAŞ, Sena, i Renk DİMLİ ORAKLIBEL. "NEW GENERATION CRAFT: IKEA HACK AND ITS TAXONOMY". TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, nr 1 (1.01.2021): 232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11001100/013.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In this research, IKEA-hacks are examined according to their main characteristics and classified according to these examinations. In the study, IKEA-hack and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) and the IKEA Effect subjects are included to expose the IKEA-hack issue comprehensively. The IKEA-hacks examined in the classification were selected from the studies on the ikeahackers.net website. At first, a pilot study was carried out and a review table was created as a result of some improvements during the pilot study. The classification includes; the information about the intended use of products before and after the hack, to which hack category they belong to, how many IKEA products have been used in process, the instruments used in procedure, and which spaces the product has been prepared. The hack categories were divided into two main categories as visual and functional modifications. These modifications are discussed under 2 categories and 8 sub-categories. The first category is visual changes that includes only-colour modification (A), material change (B), colour and material change (C) as sub- categories. The second category is dedicated to functional changes and includes sub-categories such as; the products used without any modification but for a purpose other than specified by IKEA (D), improved functionality (E), those with added functionalities (F), modifications on the indented use specified by the company by making some modifications on the product (G), and creating a new product by combining independent parts (H). Among 6313 works presented on the ikeahackers.net website published between 2006 and 2018, 378 works involved in the sample were examined; the analyses were separately performed for every year and the changes were compared between the years. Examining the outcomes, only 21% of the practices were conducted for visual purposes only, %79 is about functionality. In visual based practices, category C comes front in which colour and material change performed at the same time. Whereas in the functional practices, people mostly performed Category G in which hackers redefine the context of usage of the IKEA products.
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BERKTAŞ, Sena, i Renk DİMLİ ORAKLIBEL. "NEW GENERATION CRAFT: IKEA HACK AND ITS TAXONOMY". TURKISH ONLINE JOURNAL OF DESIGN ART AND COMMUNICATION 11, nr 1 (1.01.2021): 232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7456/11101100/013.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In this research, IKEA-hacks are examined according to their main characteristics and classified according to these examinations. In the study, IKEA-hack and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) and the IKEA Effect subjects are included to expose the IKEA-hack issue comprehensively. The IKEA-hacks examined in the classification were selected from the studies on the ikeahackers.net website. At first, a pilot study was carried out and a review table was created as a result of some improvements during the pilot study. The classification includes; the information about the intended use of products before and after the hack, to which hack category they belong to, how many IKEA products have been used in process, the instruments used in procedure, and which spaces the product has been prepared. The hack categories were divided into two main categories as visual and functional modifications. These modifications are discussed under 2 categories and 8 sub-categories. The first category is visual changes that includes only-colour modification (A), material change (B), colour and material change (C) as sub- categories. The second category is dedicated to functional changes and includes sub-categories such as; the products used without any modification but for a purpose other than specified by IKEA (D), improved functionality (E), those with added functionalities (F), modifications on the indented use specified by the company by making some modifications on the product (G), and creating a new product by combining independent parts (H). Among 6313 works presented on the ikeahackers.net website published between 2006 and 2018, 378 works involved in the sample were examined; the analyses were separately performed for every year and the changes were compared between the years. Examining the outcomes, only 21% of the practices were conducted for visual purposes only, %79 is about functionality. In visual based practices, category C comes front in which colour and material change performed at the same time. Whereas in the functional practices, people mostly performed Category G in which hackers redefine the context of usage of the IKEA products.
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Xu, Hong Xue, Fu Cai Wan, Xiu Ying Guo i Yong Xian Liu. "A Two-Phase New Product Introduction Model". Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (październik 2009): 1233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.1233.
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A new approach that combines neural network and 0-1 programming was proposed. Based on the lifecycle analysis, the characteristics of new products can be divided into four categories with different benefit curves and parameters. A neural network is used to classify the new product and the 0-1 programming model is then developed and used to determine what products to be introduced into marketplace. Numerical example is given finally to show that this model is effective for firms.
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Horobeţ¸, Emil. "Galois covering and smash product of skew categories". Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Mathematica 5, nr 1 (1.02.2013): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausm-2014-0004.
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Abstract In this paper we give a new proof of the famous result of E. L. Green [3], that gradings of a finite, path connected quiver are in one-to-one correspondence with Galois coverings. Namely we prove that the inverse construction to the skew group construction has as many solutions as the number of different gradings on the starting quiver.
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Belt, Bill. "Working with the Government to Introduce New Product Categories [CTA Insights]". IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine 6, nr 3 (lipiec 2017): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mce.2017.2684958.
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Abdelaziz, Bahoussa, i Masrhouni Ikrame. "Cognitive categorization of new hybrid products and implicit attitude formation: Empirical study of sensory stimulation". Innovative Marketing 18, nr 3 (3.10.2022): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.18(3).2022.18.
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According to social psychology researchers, categorizing a new product may involve the formation of automatic judgments at the subconscious level. This study aimed to ascertain if attitudes might be formed unintentionally when categorizing a new hybrid product under the effect of associated sensory inputs. Data were collected using an explicit and implicit approach: an explicit categorization measure, an explicit attitude scale, and the “Single Category Implicit Association Test’’ (SC-IAT), from 280 Moroccan university students having a normal sense of smell and taste, under the effects of two types of sensory stimuli (smell and taste) and according to two learning conditions linked to two categories of existing products. The data were then computed and processed using the “Statistical Package for Social Sciences” and the “Inquisit Lab’’. The study’s findings revealed that the respondents were able to categorize the new product into one of the targeted categories (depending on the learning condition of each category) after exposure to sensory stimuli (olfactory and gustatory stimuli) related to this product and were also able to form an implicit and explicit attitude towards it. The occurrence of the categorization process and the formation of these two distinct types of attitudes can be explained by the olfactory and gustatory sensory stimulation during the experiment, which helped the participants recognize the basic domain of the new product and then transfer knowledge and affects to it.
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Sam, Steven V., i Andrew Snowden. "Representations of categories of G-maps". Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelles Journal) 2019, nr 750 (1.05.2019): 197–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/crelle-2016-0045.
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Abstract We study representations of wreath product analogues of categories of finite sets. This includes the category of finite sets and injections (studied by Church, Ellenberg, and Farb) and the opposite of the category of finite sets and surjections (studied by the authors in previous work). We prove noetherian properties for the injective version when the group in question is polycyclic-by-finite and use it to deduce general twisted homological stability results for such wreath products and indicate some applications to representation stability. We introduce a new class of formal languages (quasi-ordered languages) and use them to deduce strong rationality properties of Hilbert series of representations for the surjective version when the group is finite.
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Morrison, Scott, i David Penneys. "Monoidal Categories Enriched in Braided Monoidal Categories". International Mathematics Research Notices 2019, nr 11 (3.10.2017): 3527–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnx217.
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Abstract We introduce the notion of a monoidal category enriched in a braided monoidal category $\mathcal{V}$. We set up the basic theory, and prove a classification result in terms of braided oplax monoidal functors to the Drinfeld centre of some monoidal category $\mathcal{T}$. Even the basic theory is interesting; it shares many characteristics with the theory of monoidal categories enriched in a symmetric monoidal category, but lacks some features. Of particular note, there is no cartesian product of braided-enriched categories, and the natural transformations do not form a 2-category, but rather satisfy a braided interchange relation. Strikingly, our classification is slightly more general than what one might have anticipated in terms of strong monoidal functors $\mathcal{V}\to Z(\mathcal{T})$. We would like to understand this further; in a future article, we show that the functor is strong if and only if the enriched category is ‘complete’ in a certain sense. Nevertheless it remains to understand what non-complete enriched categories may look like. One should think of our construction as a generalization of de-equivariantization, which takes a strong monoidal functor ${\mathsf {Rep}}(G) \to Z(\mathcal{T})$ for some finite group $G$ and a monoidal category $\mathcal{T}$, and produces a new monoidal category $\mathcal{T} _{{/\hspace{-2px}/}G}$. In our setting, given any braided oplax monoidal functor $\mathcal{V} \to Z(\mathcal{T})$, for any braided $\mathcal{V}$, we produce $\mathcal{T} _{{/\hspace{-2px}/}\mathcal{V}}$: this is not usually an ‘honest’ monoidal category, but is instead $\mathcal{V}$-enriched. If $\mathcal{V}$ has a braided lax monoidal functor to ${\mathsf {Vec}}$, we can use this to reduce the enrichment to ${\mathsf {Vec}}$, and this recovers de-equivariantization as a special case. This is the published version of arXiv:1701.00567.
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Narayanan, Sridhar, Puneet Manchanda i Pradeep K. Chintagunta. "Temporal Differences in the Role of Marketing Communication in New Product Categories". Journal of Marketing Research 42, nr 3 (sierpień 2005): 278–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.2005.42.3.278.
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The authors investigate the changing role of marketing communication over the life cycle of a new product category. They postulate two effects of marketing communication on consumers' choices: an “indirect effect” through reduction of uncertainty about product quality and a “direct effect” (i.e., more is better). The authors expect that the indirect effect is relatively larger in the early, postlaunch stages. They develop a structural model of demand that allows for such temporal differences in the roles of marketing communication. They use a random coefficients discrete choice model with a Bayesian learning process to model physician learning about new drugs and market-level data for the prescription antihistamines category. They find that marketing communication has a primarily indirect effect 6–14 months after introduction but that the direct effect subsequently dominates. The results suggest that firms should follow a pattern of heavier communication at the introduction phase followed by lower levels.
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Lowe, Ben, i Frank Alpert. "Measuring reference price perceptions for new product categories: which measure is best?" Journal of Product & Brand Management 16, nr 2 (24.04.2007): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10610420710740007.
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RICHTNÉR, ANDERS, i PÄR ÅHLSTRÖM. "INFLUENCES ON ORGANISATIONAL SLACK IN NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS". International Journal of Innovation Management 10, nr 04 (grudzień 2006): 375–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919606001570.
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Programs to decrease cost and to increase operational efficiency may reduce a company's ability to innovate, by reducing organisational slack. Previous research on the relationship between organisational slack and innovation has been at level of the firm and has neglected the processes underlying the relationship, which takes place at the level of product development projects. In this paper, we identify organisational slack and its influences at the level of the product development project. Through exploratory case research in high-velocity industries, two influences on organisational slack are identified: customer interaction and top management control. We also identify two categories of organisational slack at the product development project level: project deliverables and human competences. The two influencing variables and the two categories of organisational slack all have an effect on the knowledge creation taking place inside the projects and therefore ultimately innovation.
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Crosno, Jody L., i Annie Peng Cui. "Something old, something new: the role of partitioned pricing in consumers’ preference for new versus used products". Journal of Consumer Marketing 35, nr 4 (11.06.2018): 353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-02-2017-2091.
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PurposeThis research aims to represent an initial exploration of how partitioned pricing influences consumers’ purchase decisions of new versus used products from the theoretical perspectives of prospect theory and gain/loss decision frames.Design/methodology/approachFour experiments to test the hypotheses with multiple product categories have been conducted.FindingsResults from a series of experimental studies find that consumers prefer partitioned pricing over all-inclusive pricing for new products, whereas all-inclusive pricing is more preferred for used products. In addition, the authors demonstrate that a high-quality brand can reverse this effect for used products; specifically, consumers prefer partitioned pricing over all-inclusive pricing for a used product with a high-quality brand.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the literature on second-hand consumption by examining the impact of pricing strategies on consumer purchase decisions of new versus used products. This study deepens our understanding of consumer decision-making for new versus used products and it provides implications for bolstering sustainable consumption.
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Moorman, Christine. "A Quasi Experiment to Assess the Consumer and Informational Determinants of Nutrition Information Processing Activities: The Case of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act". Journal of Public Policy & Marketing 15, nr 1 (marzec 1996): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074391569601500103.
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The author reports a longitudinal quasi experiment that uses the implementation of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) to examine the consumer and information determinants of nutrition information processing activities. Over 1000 consumers from balanced demographic, geographic, and site categories and across 20 different product categories were observed and surveyed within a supermarket setting. Findings suggest that consumers acquired and comprehended more nutrition information following the introduction of the new labels. The NLEA did not, however, always influence these outcomes irrespective of individual consumer differences. Specifically, the new nutrition labels were comprehensible to consumers with varying levels of motivation and most types of nutrition knowledge. However, the new labels appeared to widen consumer differences in terms of how much nutrition information was actually acquired—more motivated consumers and less skeptical consumers acquired more information after the NLEA was passed. Finally, consistent with the NLEA's apparent ability to reduce comprehension differences, the new labels narrowed comprehension differences across healthy and unhealthy products. In contrast, the NLEA widened differences in nutrition information acquisition in favor of unhealthy product categories. These results have implications for public health gains, as well as for the degree to which nutrition may become the basis for competition in unhealthy product categories.
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Nagashima, Masayasu, Frederick T. Wehrle, Laoucine Kerbache i Marc Lassagne. "Impacts of adaptive collaboration on demand forecasting accuracy of different product categories throughout the product life cycle". Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 20, nr 4 (8.06.2015): 415–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-03-2014-0088.
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Purpose – This paper aims to empirically analyze how adaptive collaboration in supply chain management impacts demand forecast accuracy in short life-cycle products, depending on collaboration intensity, product life-cycle stage, retailer type and product category. Design/methodology/approach – The authors assembled a data set of forecasts and sales of 169 still-camera models, made by the same manufacturer and sold by three different retailers in France over five years. Collaboration intensity, coded by collaborative planning forecasting and replenishment level, was used to analyze the main effects and specific interaction effects of all variables using ANOVA and ordered feature evaluation analysis (OFEA). Findings – The findings lend empirical support to the long-standing assumption that supply chain collaboration intensity increases demand forecast accuracy and that product maturation also increases forecast accuracy even in short life-cycle products. Furthermore, the findings show that it is particularly the lack of collaboration that causes negative effects on forecast accuracy, while positive interaction effects are only found for life cycle stage and product category. Practical implications – Investment in adaptive supply chain collaboration is shown to increase demand forecast accuracy. However, the choice of collaboration intensity should account for life cycle stage, retailer type and product category. Originality/value – This paper provides empirical support for the adaptive collaboration concept, exploring not only the actual benefits but also the way it is achieved in the context of innovative products with short life cycles. The authors used a real-world data set and pushed its statistical analysis to a new level of detail using OFEA.
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P. Mishra, Debi. "How broadly do product preannouncement performance effects generalize? Product life cycle and switching cost perspectives". Innovative Marketing 15, nr 2 (26.06.2019): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.15(2).2019.08.
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Firms use preannouncements to inform customers about the impending introduction of a new product or service. These preannouncements are significant events because they provide customers with product specific information while signaling the health, strategic intent, and future of a company. One important area of research in this field investigates the performance consequences of product preannouncements (PPA). However, a notable gap in our knowledge exists, because the focus of past research has been on studying wealth effects rather narrowly in certain industries, e.g., high-tech, or under certain contingencies. This restrictive approach is surprising, because PPA are observed in a broad range of product categories. Moreover, product life cycle and consumer switching cost theories predict performance effects of PPA irrespective of category or context. The author addresses this lack of generalizability by using switching cost and life cycle theories to hypothesize positive performance effects of PPA independent of context and contingencies. The event study method from finance is used to empirically test the relationship between PPA and stock prices in a broad sample of events comprising multiple product categories. Using events reported in the Wall Street Journal, evidence of a positive effect of PPA on stock prices irrespective of the type of product or context involved is found. Several managerial implications of the study are noted and avenues for further research are outlined.
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LEIP, A., F. WEISS, J. P. LESSCHEN i H. WESTHOEK. "The nitrogen footprint of food products in the European Union". Journal of Agricultural Science 152, S1 (23.10.2013): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859613000786.
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SUMMARYNitrogen (N) is an essential element for plants and animals. Due to large inputs of mineral fertilizer, crop yields and livestock production in Europe have increased markedly over the last century, but as a consequence losses of reactive N to air, soil and water have intensified as well. Two different models (CAPRI and MITERRA) were used to quantify the N flows in agriculture in the European Union (EU27), at country-level and for EU27 agriculture as a whole, differentiated into 12 main food categories. The results showed that the N footprint, defined as the total N losses to the environment per unit of product, varies widely between different food categories, with substantially higher values for livestock products and the highest values for beef (c. 500 g N/kg beef), as compared to vegetable products. The lowest N footprint of c. 2 g N/kg product was calculated for sugar beet, fruits and vegetables, and potatoes. The losses of reactive N were dominated by N leaching and run-off, and ammonia volatilization, with 0·83 and 0·88 due to consumption of livestock products. The N investment factors, defined as the quantity of new reactive N required to produce one unit of N in the product varied between 1·2 kg N/kg N in product for pulses to 15–20 kg N for beef.
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Wang, Luming, i Adam Finn. "A cross-product category CBBE study: item response theory perspective". Journal of Product & Brand Management 23, nr 3 (13.05.2014): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-11-2013-0440.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to propose a new item response theory-based model to facilitate brand equity comparison among brands in different product categories. Brand equity has been defined as the value a brand adds upon a product. This definition provides the theoretical basis for comparing brands across product categories. Researchers have measured brand equity from three major approaches: finance, economics and psychology. Unlike the first two approaches that have developed methods to facilitate cross-product-category brand equity comparison, no methodology has been identified in the psychology approach (consumer-based brand equity, CBBE), and this study will fill this gap. Design/methodology/approach – We used survey method and collected data from both soft drink and car product categories to empirically demonstrate our method. Findings – A new item response theory-based model to facilitate brand equity comparison among brands in different product categories is proposed. Originality/value – Considering consumers are the most widely considered stakeholder group in the existing brand equity literature, the lack of cross-product category research in consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) area constrains the use of CBBE for firms managing multiple brands across product categories. This proposed model is the first one to address this limitation.
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Azhari, Muhammad Zakky, i Adi Zakaria Afiff. "The coherence and congruence of convergence in consumer electronics". Journal of Product & Brand Management 24, nr 4 (20.07.2015): 377–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-07-2014-0658.
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Purpose – This paper aims to examine two important factors in developing convergence products: the congruence of basic product and the addition in terms of utilitarian or hedonic consumption goals, and the overall coherence of consumption goals. In recent years, the proliferation of convergence products, i.e. any product that combines two or more basic product functionalities in consumer electronics, is increasingly prevalent. For manufacturers, the lingering question in developing convergence products is what kind of basic product functionalities can be combined and can elicit favorable response from consumers. Design/methodology/approach – The study is a 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design, with basic product functionality’s consumption goals (utilitarian, hedonic) as the between-subject factor, and the additional product functionality’s consumption goals (utilitarian, hedonic) and the coherence of consumption goals (coherent addition, incoherent addition) as the two within-subject factors. Findings – It confirms and validates prior work on goal congruence effects. More importantly, this study finds that overall consumption goal coherence elicits higher value addition irrespective of goal congruence or incongruence on utilitarian or hedonic consumption goals. Research limitations/implications – In some literatures, the combination of two or more product functionalities from different product categories is considered as product bundling. While product bundling concept can be used in many different product categories, convergence product concept is utilized more specifically in consumer electronics. Practical implications – As convergence era offers wide opportunities for manufacturers to develop new convergence products, this study provides guidance as to what kind of new functionalities need to be added. Originality/value – Not only does the present research investigates the likely success of convergence products involving the congruence of basic product and the addition, but also in more comprehensive way by looking at the overall coherence of consumption goals.
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Fast, Don, Susan E. Fleck i Dominic A. Smith. "Unit Value Indexes for Exports – New Developments Using Administrative Trade Data". Journal of Official Statistics 38, nr 1 (1.03.2022): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2022-0005.
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Abstract U.S. import and export price indexes replaced unit value indexes forty years ago, given quality concerns of mismeasurement due to unit value bias. The administrative trade data underlying the unit values have greatly improved since that time. The transaction records are now more detailed, available electronically, and compiled monthly with little delay. The data are used by academic researchers to calculate price measures, and unit value indexes based on trade data are used by other national statistical offices (NSOs). The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics is now evaluating whether replacing price indexes with unit value indexes for homogeneous products calculated from administrative trade data could expand the number of published official import and export price indexes. Using export transactions, the research calculates detailed unit value indexes from 200 + million trade records from 2012–2017 for 123 export product categories. Results show that 27 of the 123 unit value indexes are homogeneous and closely comparable to published official price indexes. This article presents the concepts and methods considered to calculate and evaluate the unit value indexes and to select the product categories that are homogeneous. Compared to official price indexes, export unit value indexes for the 27 5-digit BEA (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis) end-use product categories would deflate real exports of these goods by 13 percentage points less over the period. Incorporating these 27 indexes into the top-level XPI would increase the value of real exports of all merchandise goods by 2.6 percentage points at the end of 2017.
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Talay, M. Berk, M. Billur Akdeniz, Michael Obal i Janell D. Townsend. "Stock Market Reactions to New Product Launches in International Markets: The Moderating Role of Culture". Journal of International Marketing 27, nr 4 (10.10.2019): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069031x19874789.
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Prior research indicates the importance of new product launches across international markets for firm performance. However, little is known about if, and how, new product launches in international markets drive firm financial value. This study examines the drivers of stock market reactions to a new product introduction in a foreign country, along with the moderating impact of cultural context. Using a sample of 1,154 products in 34 product categories launched in 48 countries between 2011 and 2018, the authors investigate how product characteristics such as product innovativeness and product type affect abnormal stock reactions to a new product launch event. Furthermore, the authors assess the role of the national culture by considering the individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and indulgence characteristics of the country where the new product is launched. Results of a mixed-effects estimation model indicate that product launches in international markets with innovativeness and hedonism characteristics positively affect firm value. The effects of culture are complex and multifarious, providing valuable insights regarding the impact of new product introductions in global markets on firm value.
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Cross, M. S., i S. Sivaloganathan. "Specialist knowledge identification, classification, and usage in company-specific new product development processes". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 221, nr 8 (1.08.2007): 1285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem580.
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New product development is a complex process that requires industry-specific knowledge to produce commercially viable solutions, and it is this specialist knowledge that enables organizations to develop competitive advantage in their marketplaces. This research, conducted over 3 years at a UK capital equipment manufacturer, investigated the role of specialist knowledge in the design and development of products. The study concluded that, although different knowledge components are required for different projects, it is possible to adopt a generic approach to specialist knowledge identification, classification, and usage in new product developments. The current paper presents five methods that were used to identify specialist knowledge from engineering projects. The knowledge was then classified into ten categories that describe the specialist knowledge types used during commercial design projects. A model is presented illustrating when each specialist knowledge category is required in a typical development project. Organizations can use this approach to capture and structure the specialist knowledge components for a given product type, thus making available the knowledge to the wider organization and improving the organization's competitive advantage. The study was conducted as part of a project ‘Developing company-specific design models’, described in an earlier work.
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Hu, Zhineng, Yurong Pei i Ruikun Xie. "Analysis of Product Sampling for New Product Diffusion Incorporating Multiple-Unit Ownership". Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/189062.
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Multiple-unit ownership of nondurable products is an important component of sales in many product categories. Based on the Bass model, this paper develops a new model considering the multiple-unit adoptions as a diffusion process under the influence of product sampling. Though the analysis aims to determine the optimal dynamic sampling effort for a firm and the results demonstrate that experience sampling can accelerate the diffusion process, the best time to send free samples is just before the product being launched. Multiple-unit purchasing behavior can increase sales to make more profit for a firm, and it needs more samples to make the product known much better. The local sensitivity analysis shows that the increase of both external coefficients and internal coefficients has a negative influence on the sampling level, but the internal influence on the subsequent multiple-unit adoptions has little significant influence on the sampling. Using the logistic regression along with linear regression, the global sensitivity analysis gives a whole analysis of the interaction of all factors, which manifests the external influence and multiunit purchase rate are two most important factors to influence the sampling level and net present value of the new product, and presents a two-stage method to determine the sampling level.
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Banerjee, Soumendra Nath, i Boishampayan Chatterjee. "Changes in India’s Import Basket: An Exploratory Analysis of the U.S. Export Data". Journal of Global Economy 10, nr 4 (21.12.2014): 247–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v10i4.366.
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This paper attempts to understand India’s import growth from the U.S. between 1991 and 2006. In particular, we analyse how the allocation of industries in the export sector, skill intensity of products, product diversification, and contributions of new products have changed as India’s imports from the U.S. have grown. Our findings suggest that India’s import from the U.S. in 2006 has increased in the more sophisticated product categories. Furthermore, our study finds that India has diversified in the range of products it is importing from the U.S., with new products gaining an increased share in India’s import basket.
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Bork, Sarah, Jan P. L. Schoormans, Sacha Silvester i Peter Joore. "How actors can influence the legitimation of new consumer product categories: A theoretical framework". Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 16 (wrzesień 2015): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2015.07.002.
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Shapiro, Stewart, Mark T. Spence i Jennifer Gregan-Paxton. "Factors affecting the acquisition and transfer of novel attribute relationships to new product categories". Psychology & Marketing 26, nr 2 (6.01.2009): 122–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.20264.
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Wang, Ziyan, i Tianjian Yang. "Multi-Category Innovation and Encroachment Strategy Evolution of Composite E-Commerce Platform Based on Multi-Agent Simulation". Systems 10, nr 6 (11.11.2022): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10060215.
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An in-depth study of the product encroachment behavior on the composite e-commerce platform is of great significance to standardize the platform economy. This paper studies product encroachment behavior of composite e-commerce platforms with double-differentiated multi-product competition and constructs a game model of product innovation by an independent seller and product encroachment by the platform owner. Using multi-agent simulation, we simulate the bounded rational decision-making and interaction process of multiple agents in multiple periods and analyze the main parameters’ influence. Results indicate the following: (1) In dual-differentiated multi-product competition, the third-party seller is more willing to invest in innovating high-quality category P, and the profit-driven platform owner only encroaches on the new variants of category P. (2) The larger consumers’ platform owner preference can encourage the third-party seller to innovate high-quality new products. The increase in vertical differentiation of categories can enhance the third-party seller’s innovation motivation for the traffic-attracting category. (3) A reasonable commission rate set by the platform owner can ensure the variety of variants of various categories, thereby expanding the sales scope of the composite e-commerce platform. Diseconomies of scale of category diversity management costs hinder the growth of product variety in the online marketplace.
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Chechneva, N. S. "An Approach to Summarizing Product Reviews". NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 20, nr 4 (5.02.2023): 90–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2022-20-4-90-106.
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Product reviews are an important feature of e-commerce because they influence the communicative behavior of a potential addressee (customers). Users often read online product reviews to get either general or specific information about a product or service. Besides, companies analyze customer reviews to improve their product quality or to adjust their marketing strategy. However, many reviews are unstructured and long. With the number of product reviews growing rapidly, reading a large number of reviews becomes a time-consuming process for both users and companies. Therefore, review summarization becomes a serious issue. In this paper, we propose a new approach to summarizing reviews of electronics and household appliances. The proposed approach makes it possible to structure information for every aspect category; it provides calculation sentiment score for each aspect category, and shows the most relevant sentences for each aspect. We used product reviews from Yandex.Market as target data. Our task was performed in five main phases: 1) expert identification of thematic aspect categories; 2) classifying sentences into the predefined aspect categories; 3) sentence classification into two classes—positive and negative—with calculating the number of both type sentences within each aspect category; 4) sentence ranking; 5) visualization of the results obtained in the previous phases. The quality of the algorithm for creating a resume from a large collection of reviews has been tested on five models of products from the following categories: coffee machines, robot vacuum cleaners, e-books, TV-sets, and washing machines.
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DE WAAL, GERRIT A. "AN EXTENDED CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR PRODUCT-MARKET INNOVATION". International Journal of Innovation Management 20, nr 05 (czerwiec 2016): 1640008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919616400089.
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Recognising the greater variety and sophistication of product innovation strategies to target existing and previously untapped markets, the author presents an extended version of the Ansoff product-market expansion grid that highlights the different approaches for developed world and emerging markets. The proposed model consists of seven distinct categories of growth options and depicts alternative strategic possibilities within each category, where appropriate. Categories that are new to the matrix include resource-constrained innovation, necessity innovation and reverse innovation. Necessity innovation is a new concept and a special case of user-innovation, defined as innovation by resource-constrained consumers in emerging markets to serve their own unmet needs. Utilising recent industry examples from a variety of media, the author demonstrates the traits of each strategic approach to grow revenue streams through product-market innovation.
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Silva, Luiza, Elisabete Silva, Isabel Brás, Idalina Domingos, Dulcineia Wessel i José Ferreira. "A Life Cycle Assessment Study on a New Countertop Material". Key Engineering Materials 897 (17.08.2021): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.897.137.
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The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of the most important analytical tools available to provide the scientific basis of engineering solutions for sustainability. The focus of this study was a LCA (cradle to gate) of a product intended to be used in countertops. The functional unit chosen was 1 m2 of finished panel (countertop) and the boundary system involved the study of raw materials and product packaging and the panel’s production process. The chosen method for impact assessment was EPD (2018) available in SimaPro PhD software and Acidification, Eutrophication, Global Warming, Photochemical Oxidation, Abiotic Depletion (elements), Abiotic Depletion (fossil fuels), Water Scarcity and Ozone Layer Depletion were the impact categories considered. Results showed that the panel’s manufacturing is the process that presented the highest influence in all categories analyzed ranging from 88% on Abiotic Depletion to approximately 101% on Water Scarcity. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) is the greatest contributors to all impact categories except to Photochemical Oxidation that is the Polyester.
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Parachuru, Radhakrishnaiah, i Jodie Parham. "New materials and their application in the design and production of high-performance textile products". Journal of Textile Engineering & Fashion Technology 7, nr 6 (7.12.2021): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jteft.2021.07.00288.
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This paper provides a comprehensive description of the performance materials employed in a select group of high- performance textiles that are designed for a range of nontraditional applications. It also covers some design aspects of the individual products and explains the principles governing the specially engineered functional performance built into the products through the use of special materials and product design features. Among the applications covered is critical life saving applications falling under healthcare and personal protection categories.
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Desai, Falguni Pankaj. "A Study of Diversification in Exports of China and India". Journal of Global Economy 11, nr 4 (31.12.2015): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v11i4.410.
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The paper presents a detailed comparative study of the evolution in the direction and composition of exports of China and India between 1993 and 2010. The changes in the direction of exports is analyzed through country/commodity intersection by grouping countries together on the basis of income of which there are eight groups, and changes in the composition of exports is examined by employing the Revealed comparative advantage index and decomposing the growth in exports in terms of Intensive (existing products) and Extensive margins (new products) following the methodology of Amiti and Freund (2007). To analyze the country/commodity intersection and to compute the RCA index, the exports are classified into 5 main groups/categories: Product A group: Primary Products, Product B group: Natural Resource Intensive Products, Product C group: Unskilled Labour Intensive Products, Product D group: Technology Intensive Products, and Product E group: Human Capital Intensive Products and Sectors not classified according to factor intensity. The main findings of the study are: i) High income OECD plus non- OECD countries had dominant but declining shares in all the five product categories of exports of China and India, ii) China’s comparative advantage has shifted from Unskilled labour intensive group to Technology intensive group, but India continues to have comparative advantage in exporting Primary and Unskilled labour intensive products and, iii) the growth in exports of China and India was mainly accounted for by high growth of Intensive margins rather than in Extensive margins.
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Singh, Vishal P., Karsten T. Hansen i Sachin Gupta. "Modeling Preferences for Common Attributes in Multicategory Brand Choice". Journal of Marketing Research 42, nr 2 (maj 2005): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.42.2.195.62282.
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The authors propose a multicategory brand choice model based on the conceptualization that the intrinsic utility for a brand is a function of underlying attributes, some of which are common across categories. The premise is that household preferences for attributes that are common across categories are likely to be correlated. The model that the authors develop projects the unobserved preferences for attributes to a lower dimensional space of unobserved factors. The factors are interpretable as household “traits” that transcend categories, and they can be used to predict preferences for attributes in new categories. The authors apply the proposed model to household panel data for three closely related snack categories and for two less-related food categories. The authors find strong correlations in preferences for product attributes such as brand names and low fat or fat free. This study demonstrates that these high correlations in product attribute preferences across categories are useful in targeting activities in existing and new categories.
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Mosca, Fbrizio, Cecilia Casalegno i Caterina Rosso. "LUXURY BRANDS AND SOCIAL MEDIA IMPLICATIONS AROUND NEW TRENDS IN SELLING LUXURY PRODUCTS. A STUDY ACROSS DIFFERENT PRODUCT CATEGORIES". Global Fashion Management Conference 2017 (6.07.2017): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15444/gfmc2017.01.01.01.
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GREEN, KIMBERLY, i ROOPA RAMAN. "INNOVATION HIT RATE, PRODUCT ADVANTAGE, INNOVATIVENESS, AND FIRM PERFORMANCE". International Journal of Innovation Management 18, nr 05 (październik 2014): 1450038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919614500388.
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This study investigates the average levels of product advantage and innovativeness across the products in the firm's new product development (NPD) portfolio. Launch rate is defined as the percentage of products with a "launch" versus a "discontinued" outcome. A dataset of drug development activity for 73 pharmaceutical companies for the period 1995–2006 supports a positive relationship between average advantage and launch rate and between average innovativeness and launch rate. The interaction of high advantage and high innovativeness reduces launch rate. The distribution of activity across knowledge categories in the development portfolio strengthens the positive relationship between advantage and firm profitability.
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Hoskins, Jake David, i Abbie Griffin. "New product performance advantages for extending large, established fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) brands". Journal of Product & Brand Management 28, nr 7 (18.11.2019): 812–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-07-2018-1932.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate how the current size and structure of a branded product portfolio impacts new product performance for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), testing the long-standing proposition that extending a firm’s brand and product portfolio too far is a dangerous proposition that may damage the market performance of the firm’s new product launches. Design/methodology/approach Aspects associated with brand size and structure that may impact new product performance are operationalized along two key dimensions: within-category (scale) and cross-category (scope). The impact of the brand’s scale and scope on the sales performance of newly commercialized products by the brand is empirically investigated in the context of FMCG. Over 2,000 new products launched in 2009 and 2010 across 31 food and non-food FMCG product categories in the USA are included in the regression-based analysis. Findings The authors find strong evidence that brands with broader within-category scale and cross-category scope overall are associated with more successful new product introductions, and that these influences generally are driven more by increased product trial than by repeat or persistence. The authors argue that the higher new product performance observed for more established and proliferated brands may be attributed to advantages of firm product development abilities and product acceptance by the marketplace. Originality/value The current results serve to temper the strong cautions set forth in much of the marketing literature about the dangers of overextending the firm’s brand and product portfolio. These results also suggest that future research should be conducted to further understand more nuanced implications of how best to grow the scale and scope of the firm’s brand and product portfolio.
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Mogull, Scott A. "Technical content marketing along the technology adoption lifecycle". Communication Design Quarterly 9, nr 2 (lipiec 2021): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3453460.3453463.
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This article provides an overview of technical content marketing and examines the audiences and messaging for technical product messaging, which differ from general consumer products. Notably, technical products, particularly those in innovative categories, require a varying marketing strategy throughout the technology adoption lifecycle as products appeal to customers with different attitudes towards technologies. Especially, content marketing for innovative technologies requires an understanding of the technical consumers' (or audiences') psychological motivations and needs, which have yet to be reviewed in the technical communication literature. In this article, the foundations of marketing innovative technical products are explored, with a specific focus on the messaging strategies as it changes to educate and persuade different categories of technology consumers during different phases of the technology adoption lifecycle. For new technical products and categories of products, the messages and channels of information evolve as the technical innovation progresses from the early market to a mainstream market, with both requiring adaptation to different audience segments and in response to emerging competitive pressures. For the majority of technical innovations, the technical content marketing strategy and messaging is a long-term investment for change to reach different consumer groups at the appropriate stage of the technical product life cycle.
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Hetet, Blandine, Claire-Lise Ackermann i Jean-Pierre Mathieu. "The role of brand innovativeness on attitudes towards new products marketed by the brand". Journal of Product & Brand Management 29, nr 5 (13.11.2019): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-02-2019-2243.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine whether perceived brand innovativeness has a positive effect on new product evaluations, which individual variables mediate and moderate this effect and whether perceived brand innovativeness is reinforced by new product launch. Design/methodology/approach A total of 387 adults residing in France took part in a two-stage study. The two-stage research design aimed to investigate the effect of the introduction of a new product on brand perceptions. The innovation context used to test the hypotheses was the launch of a new electricity meter in the French market. Findings Brand innovativeness affects the way consumers evaluate new products launched by the brand. This effect is mediated by perceived newness and moderated by functional, hedonic and social consumer innovativeness. In addition, attitudes toward the brand improve as a result of the new product launch. Research limitations/implications Future research should test these hypotheses with other product categories and populations to provide external validity for the results and further investigate lack of support for some of the hypotheses. Practical implications The study’s findings highlight that the ability to develop and launch innovative products is not only know-how that is critical to innovation management but also a brand attribute stored in consumers’ minds that facilitates acceptance of the brand’s future new products. Originality/value This research addresses the underexplored question of how brand innovativeness and new product launch are interrelated. Extensive research has indeed shown the importance of customer-based brand equity and brand knowledge in evaluation and acceptance of new products. However, research on customer-based brand equity so far has paid limited attention to brand innovativeness. This research provides new findings on the relationship between brand innovativeness and new product evaluations.
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Silveira, Tatiana Feitoza Vianna da, Cid Manso de Mello Vianna i Gabriela Bittencourt Gonzalez Mosegui. "Brazilian legislation for functional foods and the interface with the legislation for other food and medicine classes: contradictions and omissions". Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva 19, nr 4 (2009): 1189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312009000400015.
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Functional foods are generally defined as foods that, due to their physiologically active substances, benefit health in addition to providing basic nourishment. As Brazilian legislation does not provide a definition for functional foods, the only possible actions is to claim that some foods have functional health proprieties. Based on a review of legislation, this paper discusses not only the lack of transparency in relation to the categories of products classified as foods and medicinal plants, but also the interactions and contradictions of functional food product legislation. Products may be classified either within the "New Food/or Ingredient category" or as "Bioactive Substances or Isolated Probiotics with Functional Properties and/ or Health Claims". Products such as garlic can also be classified into multiple food categories and as medicinal plants. Intersections in food legislation, especially with respect to functional and new food products, lead to misunderstandings and even omissions on the part of Brazilian National Sanitary Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). Moreover, health claims on food product labels can make distinction between foods and medicines difficult for consumers. In Brazil, clearer rules for the industry are necessary so that the consumer is not deceived by false cure promises.
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Thompson, Scott A., Andrew M. Kaikati i James M. Loveland. "Do brand communities benefit objectively under-performing products?" Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 33, nr 4 (8.05.2018): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-02-2017-0051.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of brand community participation on new product adoption when the new product is the one which clearly under-performed compared to industry standards. Design/methodology/approach The data on participation behavior, membership duration and adoption behavior of 5,893 members of three different online communities (two brand forums, one general product forum) were gathered and assessed using a Cox PH model. Findings Results show that higher participation in a brand community leads to a greater likelihood of adopting objectively under-performing products, while also reducing the likelihood of purchasing rivals’ products. This occurs despite the higher levels of product knowledge possessed by these consumers. The findings also identify a key limiting condition for oppositional loyalty, that it is driven by membership duration, rather than by active participation in the brand community. Originality/value Prior research on the impact of brand community participation on product adoption has tended to focus on the adoption of products that are objectively superior to competing products. Unfortunately, only one product can be the performance leader in a given market at any time. Thus, managers do not know if brand communities are powerful enough to enhance the likelihood of adopting objectively under-performing products. This manuscript thus provides important insights for managers wishing to launch new products in categories where there are active brand communities.
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Lowe, Ben, i Frank Alpert. "Pricing strategy and the formation and evolution of reference price perceptions in new product categories". Psychology & Marketing 27, nr 9 (16.08.2010): 846–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.20361.
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Narwal, Preeti, i Jogendra Kumar Nayak. "Towards a new price discrimination strategy". Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 32, nr 4 (25.11.2019): 975–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-01-2019-0037.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the applicability of Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW) pricing multi-channel retailing. Specifically, the impact of PWYW endogenous price discrimination on consumers’ price fairness perception of and reactions to PWYW is investigated. Design/methodology/approach Three empirical studies with different product categories were conducted through lab experiments with student sample using scenario-based experimental approach. Findings Results indicate the viability of PWYW with lower suggested external reference price. The impact of PWYW endogenous price discrimination is dependent upon the magnitude of price deviation from regular market price and product category. Consumers’ negative perceptions of price differentiation interacted with their underlying beliefs about the retailer’s cost of products across different channels. PWYW acceptance can be fostered in multi-channel by communication of additional-value generated in offline selling. Originality/value The current research is possibly the first to explore PWYW viability in the multi-channel context by exploring the consumer’s price perception process and critical consumer reactions through a well-structured research framework.
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Angelone, Erik. "Broadening the scope of error categories in translation assessment through screen recording". Across Languages and Cultures 22, nr 2 (16.11.2021): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/084.2021.00021.
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Abstract To date, the assessment of student translations has been largely based on configurations of error categories that address some facet of the translation product. Focal points of such product-oriented error annotation include language mechanics (punctuation, grammar, lexis and syntax, for example) and various kinds of transfer errors. In recent years, screen recording technology has opened new doors for empirically informing translation assessment from a more process-oriented perspective (Massey and Ehrensberger-Dow, 2014; Angelone, 2019). Screen recording holds particular promise when tracing errors documented in the product back to potential underlying triggers in the form of processes that co-occur on screen in their presence. Assessor observations made during screen recording analysis can give shape to process-oriented error categories that parallel and complement product-oriented categories. This paper proposes a series of empirically informed, process-oriented error categories that can be used for assessing translations in contexts where screen recordings are applied as a diagnostic tool. The categories are based on lexical and semantic patterns derived from a corpus-based analysis of think-aloud protocols documenting articulations made by assessors when commenting on errors made in student translations while watching screen recordings of their work. It is hoped that these process-oriented error categories will contribute to a more robust means by which to assess and classify errors in translation.
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Thompson, Scott A., i Rajiv K. Sinha. "Brand Communities and New Product Adoption: The Influence and Limits of Oppositional Loyalty". Journal of Marketing 72, nr 6 (listopad 2008): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.72.6.065.
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Brand communities have been cited for their potential not only to enhance the loyalty of members but also to engender a sense of oppositional loyalty toward competing brands. However, the impact of brand community membership on actual new product adoption behavior has yet to be explored. This study examines the effects of brand community participation and membership duration on the adoption of new products from opposing brands as well as from the preferred brand. Longitudinal data were collected on the participation behavior, membership duration, and adoption behavior of 7506 members spanning four brand communities and two product categories. Using a hazard modeling approach, the authors find that higher levels of participation and longer-term membership in a brand community not only increase the likelihood of adopting a new product from the preferred brand but also decrease the likelihood of adopting new products from opposing brands. However, such oppositional loyalty is contingent on whether a competitor's new product is the first to market. Furthermore, in the case of overlapping memberships, higher levels of participation in a brand community may actually increase the likelihood of adopting products from rival brands. This finding is both surprising and disconcerting because marketing managers usually do not know which other memberships their brand community members possess. The authors discuss how managers can enhance the impact of their brand community on the adoption of the company's new products while limiting the impact of opposing brand communities.
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DOšEN, KOSTA, i ZORAN PETRIĆ. "Isomorphic objects in symmetric monoidal closed categories". Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 7, nr 6 (grudzień 1997): 639–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129596002241.
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This paper presents a new and self-contained proof of a result characterizing objects isomorphic in the free symmetric monoidal closed category, i.e., objects isomorphic in every symmetric monoidal closed category. This characterization is given by a finitely axiomatizable and decidable equational calculus, which differs from the calculus that axiomatizes all arithmetical equalities in the language with 1, product and exponentiation by lacking 1c=1 and (a · b)c =ac · bc (the latter calculus characterizes objects isomorphic in the free cartesian closed category). Nevertheless, this calculus is complete for a certain arithmetical interpretation, and its arithmetical completeness plays an essential role in the proof given here of its completeness with respect to symmetric monoidal closed isomorphisms.
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Kim, Elizabeth Jiyoon, Brenna Ellison, Brandon McFadden i Melissa Pflugh Prescott. "Consumers’ decisions to access or avoid added sugars information on the updated Nutrition Facts label". PLOS ONE 16, nr 3 (29.03.2021): e0249355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249355.
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The Nutrition Facts (NF) label was recently updated and now includes the added sugars content in an effort to reduce added sugars consumption. This study investigated whether consumers wanted to access or avoid the added sugars content using an online experiment and five product categories (yogurt, cereal, fruit juice, snack bar, ice cream). We recruited a sample of 490 U.S. adults (49% female; 73% White/Caucasian). Respondents were randomly assigned to an information treatment (simple or full) before making decisions on whether to access or avoid the added sugars content. The simple information treatment explained that added sugars information was now available on the NF label, while the full information treatment included additional details (e.g., how to interpret the added sugars content and associated diseases). After making the access or avoid decisions for each product category, respondents rated their likelihood of purchase for ten products (two per category). Rates of information avoidance were much lower than what has been observed in previous studies, and rates of avoidance did not vary by information treatment. The majority of respondents (75–87% across the five product categories) preferred to access the added sugars content. Still, we found some consumers preferred to avoid this information, with higher rates of avoidance for the ice cream product category. Additionally, we found significant differences in likelihood of purchase ratings between information accessors and avoiders. Respondents who chose to access the added sugars information exhibited healthier purchasing behaviors for all product categories; they were more likely to purchase low added sugars products and less likely to purchase high added sugars products relative to information avoiders. Given consumers’ demonstrated interest in accessing the added sugars content, it is important that the new changes to the NF label be broadly communicated to promote healthy eating behaviors.
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Pandey, Reena. "Impact of Aesthetics in Innovative Product Development on Consumer Perception and Acceptance". ECS Transactions 107, nr 1 (24.04.2022): 9915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.9915ecst.
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“Beauty is how you feel inside, and it reflects in your eyes. It is not something physical.” Sophia Loren Design aesthetics is an important element in any of the product which a man uses in day to day life. This is also one of the major factors which compel a consumer to buy the product. In this growing competition focus is on innovative product development and new approaches to draw customer’s attention towards their products. Aesthetics is one of the integral parts of design principles that define a design’s pleasing qualities. Aesthetics are one of the most important for customer acceptance in almost all the fast moving goods categories. This study aims to investigate the impact of aesthetics in innovative product development and consumers’ perception and acceptability as importance of aesthetics is not being explored by researchers. This paper inspects the importance of aesthetics while working on innovative product development, design process, sustainability, and consumer perception on aesthetics while buying a new product.
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Kumar, Bijendra, i Prabir Sarkar. "Understanding Collaborative Interaction for Varying Product Complexity". International Journal of e-Collaboration 14, nr 3 (lipiec 2018): 19–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2018070102.
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Small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) often develop products collaboratively. Significant interaction among designers is critical to the success of any collaborative design session. There exist various tools for remotely located interactions, such as textual, video, audio, screen share modes with varied level of cost; however, often, SMEs are unable to afford them. This work aims to identify the most appropriate mode that are required for a successful collaborative design for a given product complexity. The authors made three categories of collaborative design activity (i.e., designing an existing product, designing an existing assembly of the component, and designing a new product). The authors identified and categorized the appropriate modes of interaction for a particular level of product complexity. They conducted a number of experiments with products of increasing number of feature complexities to identify the minimum facility that a company should have to enable remotely located interactions during product design. Based on the requirement, a company can select the appropriate tool.
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Civi, Emin, Elif S. Persinger i Aziz Sunje. "Gaining Strength For A New Future: Bosnia And Herzegovinas Export Opportunities". Journal of Diversity Management (JDM) 2, nr 4 (1.10.2007): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jdm.v2i4.5022.
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International trade is crucial for Bosnia and Herzegovinas (B&H) economic prosperity. In this study guidance to B&H exporters is provided by identifying potential markets and products to focus on when designing future trade strategies. To this end trends in the world trade and trade patterns are examined using various approaches.First approach to identify the potential markets for the B&H exports called for identifying the countries with highest general demand for Bosnia and Herzegovinas current export products. The products Bosnia and Herzegovina exports most along with the countries that demand these products the most in the world are identified. The second approach for identifying the potential export markets for B&H products examine the import volumes of other countries in the world. Still a more fruitful approach for the B&H exporters, at least in the short term, is to target the markets with the fastest growth of import volumes (the third approach). In the fourth approach, untapped trade and highly untapped trade countries that should be targeted by B&H exporters are presented. The fifth approach for identifying the potential export markets for B&H products is based on examining the products whose imports increased fastest in recent years and the countries that imported these products most.The products/product groups that have the highest potential for B&H export success are also identified. First, most imported products as well as the products/product groups whose exports increased the fastest in recent years are examined. Second, the import volumes ten countries with the highest total imports are examined on a product basis to identify the products they import most as well as the products with the highest growth rate of imports. Third, product categories with untapped trade potential and highly untapped trade potential along with their respective markets are presented.Long term sustainable success in the ever changing global economy requires a close and continuous scanning of the trends in the environment. The analysis approaches described above provide B&H exporters a starting point in evaluating their product and market selection strategies and designing new ones for the future.
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Insch, Andrea, Damien Mather i John Knight. "Buy-national campaigns: congruence determines premiums for domestic products". International Marketing Review 34, nr 2 (10.04.2017): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-03-2015-0082.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumer willingness to pay a premium for domestically manufactured products in the context of a buy-national campaign and the role of congruity in determining that willingness. Design/methodology/approach A market-stall-like context was used to conduct a stated-preference choice modelling experiment in six major cities in Australia and New Zealand. Participants were asked to choose one of three country-source alternatives for each of three product categories on display (muesli bars, toilet paper and a merino wool garment) with and without “Buy Australian Made” or “Buy New Zealand Made” stickers. A total sample of 2,160 consumers participated. Findings Strong evidence for the existence of buy-made-in effects for the muesli bar and toilet paper categories was found at the 95 per cent confidence level. Domestically made toilet paper attracted a premium in Australia (10 per cent) but a discount in New Zealand (5 per cent). Consumers in both countries indicated their willingness to pay a 14 per cent premium for domestically made muesli bars. Research limitations/implications This research design, which aimed to achieve a high level of ecological validity, precluded direct quantitative measurement of product category-COO schema congruency in the same experiment, either before or after the choice experiments. Future studies in other countries and product categories would benefit from surveying a separate sample of the same populations to directly estimate cross-population differences in COO “extreme affect” and product-COO congruence to strengthen the untangling of possibly confounding effects. Practical implications Brand managers, retail sector organisations and governments may need to reconsider the rationale for participating in buy-national campaigns, given the lack of generalisability of buy-made-in price premiums. Originality/value This paper is a rare example of an experiment to test whether consumers are willing to pay a premium for domestically made products in the context of a buy-national campaign.