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Diez, Margarita. "Neuropeptide expression in mouse disease models /". Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-514-x/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSjödin, Paula. "Pharmacological studies of four neuropeptide Y-family receptor subtypes /". Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5925.
Pełny tekst źródłaPheng, Leng-Hong. "Caractérisation pharmacologique des récepteurs natifs du neuropeptide Y et de la nociceptine". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2001.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaBrumovsky, Pablo R. "Neuropeptides, sensory neurons and pain modulation /". Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-442-2/.
Pełny tekst źródłaMiskelly, I. R. "Comparative analysis of parasitic nematode neuropeptide and neuropeptide receptor encoding genes". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432533.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuery, Sébastien. "Conception et synthèse de dérivés de l'arginine : Concepts et validation sur des récepteurs de neuropeptides". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2003/GUERY_Sebastien_2003.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe discovery of neuropeptides as pharmacological active compounds is a breakthrough for our understanding in neurobiology. Neuropeptides can act as neurotransmetter, neuromodulators, and hormones. They control or influence a wide variety of biological behaviors (sexual, food intake, memory, learning, pain perception, ). Some of these peptides own to the family of RF-amide peptides which posses in their C-terminal part an arginine residue. In this work, we focused our interest on two peptides : neuropeptide FF (NPFF) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Both of them have in their C-terminal part a RF-amide moiety. On one hand, our work was based on the study of structure activity relationship of a non specific ligand (BIBP 3226), which binds to both the NPY Y1 receptor and NPFF receptors. For this purpose, we had to optimize highly convergent synthetic methods both in solution and in solid phase in order to synthesize with high yields and purity arginine analogues and derivatives. Binding experiments highlighted two interesting hits : LPI 211 (Ki = 0,10 æM on NPFF1 and Ki = 0,16 æM on NPFF2) and LPI 214 (as antagonist of NPY on Y1 receptor). On the other hand, we have also performed an efficient method for the preparation of fluorescent arginine derivatives. These compounds were tested for their ability to produce FRET (5 %) on Y1 receptors in order to create a new high throughput screening method. Finally, we developed an original preparation of heterocyclic peptidomimetic compounds like dihydrotriazones by the use of Ugi four component reactions. This way of synthesis allowed us to obtain N1 substituted or N4 substituted dihydrotriazinones with a limited number of steps
Bjellerup, Per. "Biochemical characterisation and clinical correlation of neuropeptides in neuroblastoma with emphasis on neuropeptide Y /". Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4524-1/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDubin, Thierry. "Le neuropeptide Y dans le phéochromocytome : étude à partir d'une série de 15 cas". Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23098.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcVeigh, P. "Neuropeptide signalling in nematodes". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411747.
Pełny tekst źródłaMorgan, David Alexander. "The role of neuropeptides Y and neuropeptide Y receptors in the control of carbohydrate metabolism". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267076.
Pełny tekst źródłaQuiroga, Artigas Gonzalo. "Light-induced oocyte maturation in the hydrozoan clytia hemisphaerica". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066284/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaTight control of oocyte maturation and of gamete release is essential for successful sexual reproduction in the animal kingdom. These processes are precisely coordinated by endocrine and/or environmental cues, depending on the species, but much remains to be learned about their regulation. Within the Cnidaria, many hydrozoan jellyfish are known to spawn mature gametes following dark/light transitions. To characterise the cellular and molecular machinery linking light reception and oocyte maturation initiation, I have studied the hydrozoan jellyfish Clytia hemisphaerica. My thesis work had three parts, each involving the identification of a key molecular component of this process.My initial study was part of a collaboration with N. Takeda (Asamushi) and R. Deguchi (Sendai), who identified the endogenous oocyte Maturation-Inducing Hormones (MIH) in Clytia as WPRPamide-related tetrapeptides, generated by cleavage of two neuropeptide precursors. I showed by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence that Clytia MIH is produced by neurosecretory cells of the gonad ectoderm that co-express the two precursor genes, and that it is secreted upon light stimulation. This study paved the way for identification of regulators acting upstream and downstream of MIH release in the gonads, specifically the ones involved in photoreception in the gonad ectoderm, and in MIH reception by the oocytes. To identify the Clytia MIH receptor (CheMIHR) in the oocytes, I compiled a shortlist of 16 candidate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) from gonad transcriptome data. I cloned all 16 cDNAs and, using a cell culture-based "GPCR deorphanization" assay (collaboration with P. Bauknecht and G. Jékély; MPI, Tübingen), identified one GPCR that was activated by synthetic MIH peptides. Its in vivo function as the essential MIH receptor was confirmed by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Introduction of a frame-shift mutation in the CheMIHR gene impaired growth of Clytia polyp colonies and also the spawning behaviour of mature medusae. Confirming the function of CheMIHR, oocyte maturation in CheMIHR mutants could not be triggered by light or by synthetic MIH, but could be restored using cell-permeable analogues of cAMP, known to act downstream of MIH reception in hydrozoan oocytes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Clytia MIHR is related to a subset of bilaterian neuropeptide hormone receptor families involved in diverse physiological processes, including regulation of reproduction. Accordingly, in situ hybridization showed the expression of Clytia MIH precursors and MIHR in non-gonadal neural cells, suggesting a wider role of Clytia MIH-MIHR besides oocyte maturation initiation.To address gonad photoreception, I showed that Clytia spawning is selectively induced by blue-cyan light, and then identified using gonad transcriptome data an opsin photopigment (Opsin9) highly expressed in the ectoderm. Strikingly, in situ hybridization showed that Opsin9 is expressed in the MIH-secreting cells. Introduction of a frame-shift mutation into the Opsin9 gene via CRISPR/Cas9 prevented oocyte maturation and spawning of mutant jellyfish in response to light. Anti-MIH immunofluorescence and rescue experiments with synthetic MIH showed that the essential function of Opsin9 is upstream of MIH release. Spawning in Clytia thus appears to be regulated by a dual function photosensory-neurosecretory cell type, perhaps retained from a distant metazoan ancestor
Ammar, Ahmed A. "Intake inhibition by neuropeptide Y /". Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-308-6/.
Pełny tekst źródłaHowell, Owain W. "Neuropeptide Y modulates hippocampal neurogenesis". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403849.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbusara, Osama. "Neuropeptide antagonists for cancer treatment". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/neuropeptide-antagonists-for-cancer-treatment(e2f22b9f-f0a7-432d-89c4-7e65a2c71b69).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaWong, Kenneth C. "Neuropeptide vascular reactivity in psoriasis". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1998. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27706.
Pełny tekst źródłaMorgat, Clément. "Imagerie des récepteurs de neuropeptides pour le ciblage tumoral". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0308/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaNeuropeptide receptors can be highly expressed on the cell surface of tumor cells,paving the way to their visualization with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) using analoguesradiolabeled with 68Ga, 64Cu or 18F, but also to select patients who can benefit fromradiopharmaceutical therapy using similar analogues radiolabeled with 177Lu or 90Y. An example hasbeen the development of somatostatin radio-analogues for imaging (68Ga-DOTATOC) and therapy(177Lu-DOTATATE) of neuroendocrine tumors (NET). This concept has gained insight since thediscovery of other neuropeptides and their receptors (over)expressed on diverse tumors. This PhD hasbeen conducted according to several axis, the first being the establishment of a 68Ga-radiolabelingplatform (among the first in France) to introduce somatostatin receptor PET imaging of NET inBordeaux (clinical trial GALTEP using 68Ga-DOTATOC) but also other innovative molecules (68Ga-PSMA for prostate cancer imaging). Furthermore, to consider other applications of somatostatinreceptors we investigated their expression in Hodgkin's lymphomas. We then mainly aimed atinvestigating possibilities offered by two other families of neuropeptide receptors: bombesin receptors(GRP-R and NMB-R) and neurotensin receptors (NTR1). For the bombesin family, we have wellcharacterized GRP-R expression in breast cancer and developed a novel class of radiopeptide forbombesin receptors targeting. Finally, we studied NTR1 expression in various tumors (notably prostatecancer) to provide molecular basis necessary for the development of neurotensin analogues
Ehrström, Marcus. "Studies on the effect of orexin on upper gastrointestinal function in rats and man /". Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-957-9/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDadgar, Anoushiravan. "Studies on rat gastrointestinal neuropeptide Y". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27410.
Pełny tekst źródłaMedicine, Faculty of
Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Department of
Graduate
Poole, Sarah Louise. "Neuropeptide modulation of medullary autonomic circuits". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434147.
Pełny tekst źródłaBurnet, Philip William John. "Studies on a novel neuropeptide, cerebellin". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47371.
Pełny tekst źródłaNunes, Ana Filipa Duarte. "Influence of transthyretin on neuropeptide processing". Doctoral thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7209.
Pełny tekst źródłaChoi, Yohan. "Neuropeptide Y in early kidney development". Diss., [La Jolla, Calif.] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3344676.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed March 18, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-154).
Nunes, Ana Filipa Duarte. "Influence of transthyretin on neuropeptide processing". Tese, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7209.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuroux, Stéphane. "Neuropeptides et muqueuse nasale". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR23014.
Pełny tekst źródłaPhan, Toan Anh. "Ocular immunomodulating neuropeptides alpha-MSH and neuropeptide Y modulate phagocytic activity of the microphage cell line RAW 246.7". Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12591.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe eye is an immune privileged tissue. Within the ocular microenvironment, there are regulatory mechanisms that suppress inflammation. These anti-inflammatory mechanisms are partly mediated by immunomodulating neuropeptides. We previously found that alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) together induce activation of myeloid suppressor-like macrophages. In this study, we examined the possibility that α-MSH and NPY also modulate phagocytosis by macrophages. The monocytic cell line RAW 246.7 was treated with α-MSH and NPY at 1 ng/ml each, a concentration produced by retinal pigment epithelial cells in culture. The treated cells were fed florescent bioparticles of Gram(-) E. Coli or Gram(+) S. Aureus with or without opsin and assayed by flow cytometry. Also tested were the formation of phagolysosomes using pH sensitive florescent E. Coli or S. Aureus bioparticles with or without opsin, and the level of mannose receptors. The a MSH and NPY treated macrophages were significantly suppressed in their capacity to phagocytize unopsonized E. coli; however, suppression of S. Aureus phagocytosis was limited to NPY treated macrophages. In addition, α-MSH and NPY co-treatment suppressed phagocytosis and phagolysosome formation in the macrophages. Fluorescent microscopy imaging showed that there was a qualitative change in phagolysosome formation in opsonized bioparticle conjugates corresponding to the change seen in relative intensity measurements. There was no significant change in the number of man nose receptors in α-MSH, NPY, or α-MSH and NPY treated cells. As α-MSH and NPY together can induce suppressor macrophages within the ocular microenvironment, they can also modulate in a stimulus-dependent manner phagocytic signals within the macrophages. Therefore while the eye is protecting itself from the damaging effects of inflammation it may be making itself vulnerable by having less than optimal innate immune clearance of infectious pathogens.
Eckard, Christophe. "Characterisation of neuropeptide Y receptors by antibodies /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13120.
Pełny tekst źródłaFälth, Savitski Maria. "Improved Neuropeptide Identification : Bioinformatics and Mass Spectrometry". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9400.
Pełny tekst źródłaPearce, Craig M. "Central neuropeptide Y control of gastric function". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24554.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBroberger, Christian. "Neuropeptide circuitries regulating food and water intake /". Stockholm, 1999. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1999/91-628-3625-0/.
Pełny tekst źródłaPrice, John Stephen. "Receptor binding and metabolism of neuropeptide Y". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335180.
Pełny tekst źródłaHamdan, Suhail A. El-Ghani. "The neuropeptide ACTH and the immune system". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366747.
Pełny tekst źródłaXu, Isabella Shi. "The role of neuropeptides in spinal nociceptive mechanisms with special emphasis on galanin, neuropeptide Y and orphanin FQ/nociceptin /". Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-3973-X/.
Pełny tekst źródłaLin, Ming. "Identification and functional characterization of relaxin-type and pedal peptide/orcokinin-type neuropeptides in the starfish Asterias rubens". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/30715.
Pełny tekst źródłaPickavance, Lucy Cecilia. "Somatostatin, neuropeptide Y and galanin: Immunohistochemical detection and mapping of neuropeptide distributions in goldfish brain, with reference to rat". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5626.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuo, Ningning. "GSH : a new candidate neuropeptide in the CNS". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29856.
Pełny tekst źródłaMedicine, Faculty of
Graduate
Salaneck, Erik. "Molecular Evolution of Neuropeptide Y Receptors in Vertebrates". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-4988-3/.
Pełny tekst źródłaZachrisson, Olof. "On the neuropeptide mRNA expression following neuropsychopharmacological treatments /". Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/search/diss.se.cfm?19980925zach.
Pełny tekst źródłaMorales, Medina Julio. "Role of neuropeptide Y in emotional dysfunctional conditions". Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107774.
Pełny tekst źródłaL'anxiété et la dépression sont deux désordres émotionnels ayant un impact socio-économique majeur. Ils présentent une haute prévalence et co-morbidité avec d'autres désordres mentaux et physiques. Actuellement, les traitements disponibles contre ces maladies possèdent de nombreuses contre-indications. La découverte de nouvelles cibles de traitements est donc un défi crucial dans la recherche en santé mentale. Le neuropeptide Y (NPY) est un neuromodulateur des processus émotionnels. Ce peptide exerce son action dans le cerveau via divers récepteurs incluant les sous-types Y1, Y2 et Y5. La contribution de chacun de ces récepteurs n'est cependant pas claire, et leur distribution varie aussi bien quant à leur localisation pré- ou post-synaptique que régionale. Le but de cette thèse est donc de préciser le rôle de chacun des récepteurs du NPY dans des modèles animaux de dysfonctions émotionnelles. Un intérêt particulier est porté sur les agonistes et antagonistes des récepteurs Y1, Y2 et Y5. Nous avons, dans un premier temps, caractérisé en détail un modèle animal de dépression et d'anxiété: le modèle de la lésion du bulbe olfactif (OBX). Par la suite, nous avons observé que l'administration d'un agoniste Y1 renverse l'hyperlocomotion lors du test 'open field (OF), réduit le temps d'immobilité dans le test de nage forcée (forced swim test, FST) et enfin, augmente les interactions entre les animaux lors du test d'interactions sociales (social interaction, SI) et ce, spécifiquement chez les rats OBX. Cependant, aucun n'effet n'a été observé dans un autre modèle ou l'anxiété est induite suite à l'injection de la corticostérone. Un antagoniste Y2, quant à lui, diminue l'immobilité lors du test FST chez les rats OBX alors qu'il augmente les interactions sociales seulement chez les animaux contrôles. Fait intéressant, ce composé induit aussi un effet anxiolytique chez les rats traités à la corticostérone. Enfin, un antagoniste Y5 diminue l'activité locomotrice dans l'OF, augmente les interactions lors du test SI chez les rats OBX, induit la sédation chez les animaux traités à la corticostérone et augmente le poids des animaux contrôles. Ces résultats indiquent que le traitement avec des molécules ciblant différentes classes de récepteurs du NPY pourraient circonscrire spécifiquement certains symptômes de l'anxiété et de la dépression. De plus, un antagoniste du récepteur Y2 semble capable de moduler les comportements anxieux et dépressifs alors que les agonistes Y1 et Y5 induisent des effets différentiels dépendamment du contexte. Ainsi, les récepteurs du NPY pourraient s'avérer être des cibles pharmaceutiques pertinentes pour le traitement de certaines formes d'anxiété et de dépression.
Chaloin, Olivier. "Synthèse d'analogues peptidiques et pseudopeptidiques du neuropeptide Y". Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20100.
Pełny tekst źródłaGELOT, AGATHE. "Neuropeptide ff et nociception ; role des systemes opioides". Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30190.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarco, Heather G. "Neuropeptide hormones from the eyestalks of Jasus Lalandii". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7692.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe X-organ sinus gland complex, situated in the eyestalks of decapod crustaceans, are known to be a source of a variety of neuropeptide hormones that regulate a number of diverse physiological processes. This neuroendocrine complex was investigated in 3 crustacean species, viz. the European shore crab Carcinus maellas, and 2 spiny lobster species Jasus lalandii and Panulirus homarus by means of tissue immunocytochemistry and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive immunoreactions, associated with the X-organ - sinus gland system only, were obtained with antisera raised against crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone (cHH) of the American lobster (Homarus americanus), the Mexican crayfish (Procambarus bouvieri) and the edible crab (Cancer pagurus), as well as with antisera raised against vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH) of the H. americanus and moult-inhibiting hormone (MIH) of C. pagurus. This is the first time that the immunolocalisation of these 3 hormones have been studied in a single crustacean species. The chief results of this comparative immunocytochemical study showed that (1) neuropeptide hormones of the shore crab and the 2 spiny lobster species were sufficiently homologous in primary structure to be recognised by the heterologous antisera, thus, an indication of conserved peptide structures across the species and infraorder boundaries; (2) preabsorbed complexes of purified peptides and antisera from the edible crab did not produce any immunoreactions in tissue immunocytochemistry, nor in ELISA, thus, indicating the specificity of the anti-cHH and anti-MIH sera; (3) the anti-VIH serum demonstrated the ability to bind epitopes on cHH and MIH peptides and is, thus, not a specific antiserum in this study; (4) there is co-localisation of cHH, MIH, VIH immunoreactivity in the eyestalk neuroendocrine complexes of all 3 species studied which suggests that the different peptide hormones can be synthesized in the same neuronal cell bodies. This co-localisation of neuropeptides in the eyestalk of J lalandii was confirmed by a double-staining immunoflourescence experiment, and finally (5) immunoreactivity of antisera raised against cHH of H. americanus and MIH of C. pagurus was associated with distinct and unique peak fractions, following reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) separation of sinus gland extracts from J. lalandii. A total of 6 neuropeptide hormones belonging to the cHH/MIH/VIH peptide family were isolated, functionally characterised and sequenced from extracts of sinus glands from the South African west coast rock lobster, Jasus lalandii. This is the first complete report on these peptides from any species belonging to the Palinuridae infraorder.
EATON, KATHERINE L. "NEUROPEPTIDE RECEPTORS IN THE AMYGDALA: RELEVANCE TO STRESS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1193098999.
Pełny tekst źródłaEaton, Katherine L. "Neuropeptide receptors in the amygdala relevance to stress /". Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc//view?acc_num=ucin1193098999.
Pełny tekst źródłaAdvisor: Dr. Floyd R Sallee. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Mar. 29, 2009). Keywords: amygdala; neuropeptide; NPY receptor; CRH receptor; chronic stress; glucocorticoid; GIR. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Krause, Katharina Isabelle [Verfasser]. "Neuropeptide und Lipide der Haut / Katharina Isabelle Krause". Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1023817861/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaDEL, ZOPPO Luisa. "Analoghi del Neuropeptide S modificati in posizione 5". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388923.
Pełny tekst źródłaNagy, Dóra. "Peptidergic control of dormancy in Drosophila melanogaster". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426310.
Pełny tekst źródłaGli organismi, soprattutto quelli che vivono in zone temperate, sono costantemente esposti a variazioni cicliche di fattori ambientali a causa dell’alternarsi delle stagioni. Si sono evoluti diversi meccanismi di adattamento che permettono di resistere e superare i periodi sfavorevoli. Tra gli insetti, la diapausa è la più comune strategia usata per raggiungere la sincronizzazione stagionale. La diapausa è uno stato di dormienza, regolato a livello neurologico ed ormonale, che permette agli insetti di avviare un programma di sviluppo alternativo quando le condizioni ambientali non permettono un normale sviluppo. Nel moscerino della frutta Drosophila melanogaster, la diapausa si manifesta con l’arresto dello sviluppo delle ovaie nella frase previtellogenica. Segnali di tipo insulin-like sono stati identificati come regolatori chiave della dormienza in molti organismi. Le insulin-producing cells (IPCs) si trovano nella Pars intercerebralis, sono neuroanatomicamente connessi al centro neuroendocrino che controlla la regolazione ormonale della diapausa. Queste cellule sono responsabili della produzione e del rilascio di differenti insulin-like peptides che sono stati identificati come ormoni antagonisti della diapausa. Abbiamo scoperto che due neuropeptidi, pigment dispersing factor (PDF) e short neuropeptide F (sNPF), prodotti da un piccolo gruppo di neuroni chiamati ventrolateral clock neurons, regolano il processo della diapausa nei moscerini attraverso le IPCs. Inoltre, abbiamo osservato che un altro gruppo di neuroni che producono PDF nel tritocerebrum (PDF-Tri) e che si ritenevano strutture rapidamente eliminate per apoptosi nell’adulto, in realtà sopravvivono e persistono nell’adulto a basse temperature, suggerendo quindi un loro coinvolgimento in funzioni correlate con la resistenza al freddo. L’espressione di sensori genetically-encoded per il secondo messaggero cAMP, ha rilevato che le IPCs reagiscono ad entrambi i neuropeptidi PDF e sNPF. Sorprendentemente reagiscono con grandi aumenti di cAMP alla somministrazione dei due peptidi, suggerendo un effetto sinergico tra sNPF e PDF nel controllo dell’attività delle IPCs. Dal momento che le risposte cAMP sono state abolite nel background mutante per il recettore PDF, sembrano essere regolate dallo stesso. Lo studio di due diverse linee che manifestano differenze nel comportamento relativo alla diapausa ha evidenziato differenze marcate nell’espressione di PDF, potenzialmente collegata della regolazione della diapausa. Studiando le proprietà generali della diapausa in D. melanogaster, abbiamo esplorato l’importanza relativa di alcuni aspetti dei protocolli sperimentali usati per i saggi di diapausa. Mentre nel protocollo originale i moscerini vengono fatti sviluppare a temperature comprese nel range 23-25oC e quindi esposti a condizioni che inducono la diapausa solo a partire dallo stadio adulto, noi abbiamo studiato gli effetti sui livelli di diapausa dello sviluppo a temperature inferiori. Abbiamo documentato cambiamenti nei livelli di diapausa indotti da queste modifiche, sottolineando la loro importanza nel controllo della dormienza. Inoltre, adottando profili di luce-buio seminaturali, che mimano meglio le condizioni esterne, è stata osservata una diapausa altamente regolata dal fotoperiodo. Una risposta fotoperiodica non era stata rilevata in studi precedenti nei quali venivano utilizzati regimi di luce-buio rettangolari. I nostri risultati suggeriscono l’opportunità di disegnare nuovi protocolli, più rappresentativi delle condizioni naturali, per lo studio delle basi genetiche e fisiologiche della diapausa.
Chan, Pui-shan. "Effects of NPY-Y1 receptor activation or inhibition on free radical generation during in vitro or in vivo cerebral ischemia". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35760825.
Pełny tekst źródłaSickinger, Marlene. "Neuropeptidgehalt der bovinen Labmagenwand in Abhängigkeit von Rasse und Verlagerungszustand". Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2007. http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2007/4790/index.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaSpada, Janek, Christian Sander, Ralph Burkhardt, Madlen Häntzsch, Roland Mergl, Markus Scholz, Ulrich Hegerl i Tilman Hensch. "Genetic association of objective sleep phenotypes with a functional polymorphism in the neuropeptide S receptor gene". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-144927.
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