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Šikanjić, Petra Rajić, Zrinka Premužić i Maja Krznarić Škrivanko. "Rib anomalies in a Neolithic period skeleton from Croatia". Anthropologischer Anzeiger 74, nr 2 (1.07.2017): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2017/0631.
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Brigić, Dženan. "Gornja Tuzla – prahistorijsko naselje sjeveroistočne Bosne / Gornja Tuzla - Prehistoric settlement of Northeastern Bosnia". Journal of BATHINVS Association ACTA ILLYRICA / Godišnjak Udruženja BATHINVS ACTA ILLYRICA Online ISSN 2744-1318, nr 2 (1.12.2017): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54524/2490-3930.2018.27.
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Gornja Tuzla is located on far slopes mountain Majevica, with upper streamof river Jala, aroun 10km from todays city of Tuzla, in the direction of northeast. This is a rather devastated locality, where the most damage has been done to youngest layer. Most of settlement, whose surface Čović estimates aroun 12 i1 5ha, based on findings of pottery fragments on the ground. Even today, at the bottom of tell, one can see a many fragments of local reddsish pottery from starčevo type. Đuro Basler was the first one who determined the existance of prehistoric settlement when he found grave from iron age. Later, Benac and Čović visited Gornja Tuzla and 1955. Čović opened a first probe, and after learning that cultural layers are going deeper into the ground, he opened another probe 1956, and 1957 where he digged all the way to the sterile soil. Next year, 1958. he opened the biggest probe, probe II (1958) and in that probe he determined complete stratigrapy of neolithich settlement Gornja Tuzla. According to his analysis, VI and deepest layer belongs to Stačevo culture of middle neolithic, and younger layers to the Vinča culture, and the youngest one to eneolithic culture which proved the continuity of life. Second and last excavation has been done in the years 2008/2009 when smaller probe was opened bu the results of research have never been published. Gornja Tuzla represents one of the most important settlements in Bosnia and Hercegovinia considering that with Obre I, has the deepest layers which dates from periodo of middle neolitihic and has the key role in understanding period of transition from middle neolitihic Starčevo to young neolithic Vinča culture.
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Molodin, Vyacheslav I., Lyudmila N. Mylnikova, Marina S. Nesterova, Liliya S. Kobeleva i Dmitrii A. Nenakhov. "Baraba Culture of Early Neolithic Period". Archaeology and Ethnography 19, nr 7 (2020): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-7-69-93.
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Purpose. Based on the results of the study of materials of the Tartas-1 and Ust-Tartas-1 sites and radiocarbon dating, the article explores the Baraba culture of the early Neolithic era (VII thousand BC, entering the VIII and VI thousand BC). Results. The Neolithic parking lot, studied at Tartas-1, is represented by two structures, a smokehouse and a series of pits for storing fish. A significant number of finds from bone and stone have been found. The ceramic complex is of particular importance. These are flat-bottomed containers, made in the technique of orderly patchwork, using a molding cord on the top of the vessel, and roller-flow around the perimeter of the bottom. The ornament is represented by a complex plot of an asymmetrical composition. The stone industry is characterized as plate-like with a high value of linear technology. The absence of stone arrowheads is characteristic of this. Fish was harvested in pits. At different stages of operation, corpses of different animals were placed inside. The bones of Late Pleistocene fauna have been revealed. The original ritual complex was discovered on the monument of Ust-Tartas-1. Conclusion. In Baraba, the ceramics of Tartas-1 and Ust-Tartas-1 are similar to the ceramics of Autodrome-2/2, which is related to Boborykinskaya culture, direct dating of ceramics attributed to the last quarter 6th – mid 5th thousand BC. The early Neolithic sites of the North with complexes with flat-bottomed utensils date from the end of the 7th – first half of 6th thousand BC. Neolithic flat-bottomed utensils of Western Siberia should be assessed as a phenomenon of general historical and stage nature. The classification of Tartas complexes with flat-bottomed utensils to Boborykinskaya culture is inaccurate and incorrect. The latter appears to be much younger in time. The discoveries of sites with flat-bottomed ceramics allow a completely new idea of the dynamics of historical and cultural processes in the forest and steppe of the Irtysh area.
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Stiner, Mary C., Nuno F. Bicho, John Lindly i Reid Ferring. "Mesolithic to Neolithic transitions: new results from shell-middens in the western Algarve, Portugal". Antiquity 77, nr 295 (marzec 2003): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00061366.
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New research on shell middens in the Algarve region of southern Portugal shows continuity of marine exploitation from the Mesolithic into the early Neolithic periods, where the Neolithic period is defined by the appearance of pottery in c 5500BC. The authors propose that either shellfish remained important to Neolithic people in Portugal or that Mesolithic and Neolithic subsistence strategies co-existed in this area for a relatively long time.
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Telegin, D. Ya, I. D. Potekhina, M. Lillie i M. M. Kovaliukh. "The chronology of the Mariupol-type cemeteries of Ukraine re-visited". Antiquity 76, nr 292 (czerwiec 2002): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0009044x.
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Recent results of radiocarbon analyses from sites in Ukraine suggest that a revision of the chronology of the Late mesolithic and early Neolithic is required. The subsequent Neolithic period up to the beginning of the Early Bronze Age (c.3000 cal BC) should be divided into two separate periods, the Neolithic and Neo-eneolithic.
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Si-Ammour, S. "The Chronology of the Neolithic in Northwest Africa". Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 164, nr 3 (2022): 228–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2022.3.228-242.
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This article considers the chrono-cultural evolution in the Northwest Africa territories during the Neolithic period. A systematic chronology based on specialized literature on the chrono-cultural features of this period in the Sahara and the Maghreb was inferred. It covers the following three major Neolithic currents characteristic of the Neolithic period in Northwest Africa: the Saharan Sudanese Neolithic, the Neolithic of Capsian Tradition, and the Mediterranean Neolithic. These currents were studied using the data on cultural behaviors with some radiocarbon dates. The results obtained revealed the features of the evolution from the Neolithization process to the full establishment of the Neolithic economy of production, as well as, a possible continuity to a Final Neolithic phase that lasted longer in some regions despite other regions that transitioned to the Eneolithic and the Iron Age. It was concluded that the evolution path that determined the characteristics of the Early, Middle, Late, and Final Neolithic phases was almost the same in different territories of the northwestern part of the African continent.
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Clarke, Joanne. "The Ceramic Neolithic Period in Northern Cyprus". Cahiers du Centre d'Etudes Chypriotes 17, nr 1 (1992): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/cchyp.1992.1254.
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Zhang, Yiqing. "History of Shoushan Stone Culture Neolithic Period". Communications in Humanities Research 23, nr 1 (20.12.2023): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/23/20230222.
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Fuzhous cultural roots can be traced back over 6000 years to the Neolithic period. It evolved from a barbarian land to a prominent political, economic, and cultural center over 2000 years. The region witnessed the development of various prehistoric cultures like the Keqiutou, Tanshishan, and Huangguashan cultures. These cultures left behind archaeological sites with stone tools, pottery, and other artifacts, reflecting the lives of ancient Fuzhou inhabitants and the significant influences on other regions. The Fucun site in Fuzhou, as it featured the use of stone tools made from Shoushan stone, provided valuable insights into the Neolithic Age. These tools played a crucial role in the daily lives and production activities of the ancient Fuzhou inhabitants, brought the advancement of labor tools and productivity during that era and potentially influenced the later art and culture of the region.
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Radmanovic, Darko, Desanka Kostic, Jelena Lujic i Svetlana Blazic. "Ornitofauna from the archaeological sites in Vojvodina (Serbia)". Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, nr 125 (2013): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn1325111r.
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After decades-long vertebrate fauna research, out of 42 archaeological sites in Vojvodina (Serbia) from different periods ranging from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages, remains of birds were registered at 17 sites (4 from the Neolithic, 1 from the Early Iron Age, 7 from the Late Iron Age, 5 from the Roman Period, 1 from the Migration Period, and 4 from the Middle Ages). A total of 14 species and 4 genera were registered for this vertebrate class. The richest ornithofauna is from the Neolithic, where 9 species and 3 genera were registered. The Migration and Medieval periods are next with 4 registered species and one genus each. There were 3 species registered from the Roman Period, and 2 species from the Late Iron Age. The poorest ornitofauna was registered from the Early Iron Age, only one species.
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Stojic, Milorad. "Response to the contribution: On Neolithic authenticity of finds from Belica by Dragana Antonovic and Slavisa Peric". Starinar, nr 63 (2013): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta1363301s.
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In the last issue of Starinar (LXII/2012) a contribution On Neolithic Authenticity of Finds from Belica was published. The authors Dragana Antonovic and Slavisa Peric (further A-P), dispute the 'Neolithic' provenience of finds from the village Belica. The reason is based on two articles published by me and possibly the pending publication in T?bingen of my monograph Belica, the Greatest Group Find of Neolithic Artistic Cult Sculpture. A-P based their conclusion that the objects from Belica are not 'Neolithic' on the premise that the pit with these objects did not exist, that the objects are of 'contemporary provenience', most probably made by 'an archeologist-amateur aiming to create confusion in Serbian archaeology', that there are 'no analogies for them', that the site in Belica represents 'a small Neolithic settlement', that 'objects were made mechanically' and that traces of fast revolving 'grinding instruments' are visible on them. Also, A-P cite me as the only author to have written about the find from Belica and who believes that the find belongs to the Neolithic period. Technical, geodetic and photo documentation from systematic excavations, as well as the homogeneity of protostarcevo material confirm the existence of a pit, belonging to early Neolith. Four radiocarbon tests prove, apart from the characteristics of the material and the analogies, that the objects are not 'contemporary provenience' but belong to the Early Neolithic period. In connection with the possibility, as A-P state, that 'an archaeologist-amateur ... dug in the finds in the earth.' aiming to 'produce confusion in Serbian archaeology' I cite here what this 'archaeologist-amateur' needed to know to do this. He needed to shape artistically 93 objects of four typically Neolithic materials, stone, flint, bone and pottery (16 pottery, 66 stone, 11 bone objects) and to dig them in clandestinely, together with some protostarcevo pottery. He would need to find various types of stone which are not found in the region, such as serpentine and albite, and to make several dozen objects from them; to find animal bones (Bos/Cervus), from the protostarcevo period and make a large number of figurines exclusively of this material; then using baked clay (as A-P state), also from the protostarcevo period, make anthropomorphic figurines. He would then have to put all these objects into a pit which he dug out in the centre of the Neolithic site, surrounded by a trench 75 m in diameter and then cover it with a great quantity of ochre. To fill up the pit clay of specific content would have to be transport from somewhere else. He would also need to have excellent knowledge of the religious symbols of Neolith, (particularly the connection of the symbolism of woman and moon, as well as the symbolism of moon, woman, snake etc.), to shape such objects which stylistically, typologically, chronologically and symbolically completely correspond with the cultural tradition of the Stone Age of Europe, Asia Minor, Near and Middle East, including the ambivalent figures (which represent at the same time man and woman, i.e. male and female symbols, otherwise a recent term in archaeology) and to know how the vulva looks immediately before birth which was depicted on all figurines of woman in childbirth in Belica. The statement by A-P that 'there are no analogies' is not correct because numerous analogies are known in Serbia and other parts of the Balkan Peninsula as well as in Asia Minor, the Near and Middle East. As geomagnetic investigations confirm, the protostarcevo settlement in Belica, contrary to the opinion of A-P that it is 'a small Neolithic settlement', is one of the largest settlements from the Early Neolith in Serbia, covering an area of more than 7 ha. Also the statement, that parallel traces, such as those which exist on the surface and in grooves on the stone objects, are the remains of work with 'contemporary grind tools with a large number of rotations' is incorrect. The expertise of professional archeometrologists using a 3D electron microscope in the Institute for geology in Heidelberg and an experiment by conservators from the University in T?bingen confirm that the finish of the outer surface and the finish of grooves on the objects of serpentine (expertise was carried out exactly on objects which A-P explicitly marked as examples of mechanical finish) was done with typical Neolithic techniques. The statement that I was the only one who wrote about the Belica finds and identified them as Neolithic, is also not true. Although it is not important in this discussion about the 'Neolithic originality' of the Belica find, the fact is that apart from me five other authors have written on this subject.
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Celik, Bahattin. "A new Pre-Pottery Neolithic site in Southeastern Turkey: Ayanlar Höyük (Gre Hut)". Documenta Praehistorica 44 (4.01.2018): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.22.
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Ayanlar Höyük (Gre Hut), located 30km west of Şanlıurfa, was discovered during surface surveys conducted in 2013. Ayanlar Höyük dated to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period, is a large- scale mound like Göbekli Tepe and Karahan Tepe, covering an overall surface area of 14 hectares. It was learned recently that three artefacts dated to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period which are held by Şanlıurfa Museum were brought from Ayanlar Höyük. The artefacts in Şanlıurfa Museum and the finds recovered from Ayanlar Höyük during a surface survey have been identified as having characteristics similar to those from Körtik Tepe, Göbekli Tepe, Nevali Çori and Karahan Tepe. Consequently, Ayanlar Höyük should be dated between the early Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period B (EPPNB) and the mid-Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period B (MPPNB).
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Celik, Bahattin. "A new Pre-Pottery Neolithic site in Southeastern Turkey: Ayanlar Höyük (Gre Hut)". Documenta Praehistorica 44 (4.01.2018): 360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.44.22.
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Ayanlar Höyük (Gre Hut), located 30km west of Şanlıurfa, was discovered during surface surveys conducted in 2013. Ayanlar Höyük dated to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period, is a large- scale mound like Göbekli Tepe and Karahan Tepe, covering an overall surface area of 14 hectares. It was learned recently that three artefacts dated to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period which are held by Şanlıurfa Museum were brought from Ayanlar Höyük. The artefacts in Şanlıurfa Museum and the finds recovered from Ayanlar Höyük during a surface survey have been identified as having characteristics similar to those from Körtik Tepe, Göbekli Tepe, Nevali Çori and Karahan Tepe. Consequently, Ayanlar Höyük should be dated between the early Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period B (EPPNB) and the mid-Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period B (MPPNB).
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Baggaley, Andrew W., Richard J. Boys, Andrew Golightly, Graeme R. Sarson i Anvar Shukurov. "Inference for population dynamics in the Neolithic period". Annals of Applied Statistics 6, nr 4 (grudzień 2012): 1352–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-aoas579.
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Umurtak, Gülsün. "A Building Type of the Burdur Region From the Neolithic Period". Belleten 64, nr 241 (1.12.2000): 683–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2000.683.
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The bulding type discussed in this article is seen over a long period in the Neolithic Era, from the EN to the LN, at centres such as Bademağacı, Höyücek and Hacılar in the Burdur Region. It is usually rectangular and the door is in the centre of the long wall and has an oven opposite the door. The earliest examples of this building type with an oven in the Burdur Region in the Neolithic Period have been identified from the Early Neolithic 3 (EN 3) level at Bademağacı. One of the important characteristics of the building type under discussion is its rectangular plan which is a little distorted in the Bademağacı buildings but clearer with straighter sides in the Höyücek and Hacılar examples. Apart from the addition of a stone foundation at Hacılar VI, the building materials appear to be similar in all the settlements. The combined use of plano-convex and rectangular bricks is seen at Bademağacı, Höyücek and Hacılar. However, the technique of constructing a wall by spreading mud to form layers is only seen at Bademağacı. It has been confirmed that wood used in all three settlements for door thresholds and supports. The roofs of the houses are thought to have been flat, constructed by forming a frame from tree trunks and branches, which was then covered with clay. The architectural traditions of the neighbouring areas in the Neolithic Period, however, are somewhat different. The as yet only partially excavated pre-EN3 levels at Bademağacı could give some idea of the prototypes of this building type. Bademağacı is only 40-50 km, as the crow flies, away from Beldibi in the Antalya Region, where the first pottery making experiments took place prior to the Neolithic Period. It is very likely that people left the coastal strip of the Mediterranean, which was not suitable for agriculture, crossed over to the north of the Taurus Mountains and, finding the small plain on which Bademağacı is situated to be suitable for agriculture, set up the first villages.
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Williams, Frank L'Engle, i Rebecca George. "Permanent molar trait expression in the Late Neolithic cave burials of the Meuse Basin, Belgium". Dental Anthropology Journal 34, nr 1 (12.01.2021): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v34i1.307.
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At least 250 cave burials along the Meuse river basin of Belgium yield prehistoric remains, and most date from the Late Neolithic period. Several have been radiocarbon dated, including the early/late Neolithic deposits of Hastière Caverne M and Hastière Trou Garçon C and the final/late Neolithic caves of Sclaigneaux and Bois Madame. An additional collective burial, Maurenne Caverne de la Cave is radiocarbon dated to the Middle Neolithic and final/late Neolithic periods, circa 4,635 to 3,830 BP, encompassing the range of dates for the other collective burials. Most individuals are represented by fragmentary gnathic remains with in situ dental elements. Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System (ASUDAS) scores of permanent molars are employed to examine whether differences within and between the caves exist, and whether chronology and ecogeography can account for the variation in traits. The final/late Neolithic cave of Sclaigneaux, the most geographically distinct cave burial, and Hastière Caverne M, possibly the earliest site, emerge as the most distinctive. The final/late Neolithic sites of Sclaigneaux and Bois Madame exhibit the greatest variability of trait expression. These results bear on the mobility and continuity of human groups in Belgium during the terminus of the Neolithic prior to the Bronze Age.
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Olaru, Ioana-Iulia. "1. Several Considerations on the Settlements and Buildings of the First Neolithic Period on Romanian Territory". Review of Artistic Education 12, nr 2 (1.03.2016): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rae-2016-0020.
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Abstract This study will only deal with the Neolithic period which we distinguish from the Eneolithic one in the sense that in this period man only used tools made of stone and later on, in Eneolithic (Chalcolithic), he started using copper. In its first period, the Neolithic has new characteristics as a result of the progress of human communities; thus, as opposed to the Palaeolithic, man starts a new period with changed “clothes”. Firstly, man now starts to create and appreciate beauty as the Palaeolithic art did not have aesthetic purposes. But an important transformation regards the habitat, Neolithic settlements and buildings reflecting the increasing stability of communities, thus taking a step forward from Palaeolithic and their evolution to the higher levels of the future society, the Eneolithic one.
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Choy, Kyungcheol. "Summary and Prospective on the dietary reconstruction of Neolithic people in Korea based on stable isotope approach". KOREA NEOLITHIC RESEARCH SOCIETY 44 (30.12.2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35186/jkns.2022.44.1.
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Although the question of the subsistence strategies in the Neolithic period is a central topic in Korean archaeology, the changes in subsistence activities have been investigated on the basis of preserved fauna and floral remains. Most previous studies on subsistence patterns have focused on the quantitative analysis of floral and fauna remains preserved in the shell middens. In contrast to traditional methods such as quantitative analysis of floral and fauna remains, stable isotope analysis provides a direct measurement of past human diets. This method provides information about whether individuals derived the protein in their diet from plant or animal sources.
Until now, stable isotopic results of humans from Neolithic period (Ando, Janghang, Daepo, Tongsamdong humans) revealed that the Neolithic people were mainly dependent on marine food resources as hunter-gatherers. Based on the stable isotope data, we can propose that marine resource exploitation was the main subsistence strategy in the Neolithic period. However, there is also a regional difference in stable isotope values between west (Konamri human) and east-south coast. This indicates that there might be a possibility to have regional difference in subsistence strategies during Neolithic period.
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Larsson, Fredrik. "Neolitisk avfallshantering och samhällsförändring". In Situ Archaeologica 9 (31.12.2011): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.58323/insi.v9.13315.
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This article deals with eastern central Sweden and the late Neolithic transition from a coastal based hunter-gatherer society, to a society based more or less on agriculture. The article proposes a hypothesis based on an earlier study, suggesting that the period for the shift to agriculture is visible; for example, in the change in waste management systems on dwelling sites, during the period 2500-2300 BC. Furthermore, it is suggested that the late Neolithic transition and the time span for the late Neolithic period itself, at least in the studied area, perhaps starts somewhat earlier than it is considered today.
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Waddington, Clive, Peter Marshall i David G. Passmore. "Towards Synthesis: Research and Discovery in Neolithic North-East England". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 77 (2011): 279–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00000700.
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The Tweed Valley and its tributaries, and particularly the Milfield Basin in north Northumberland, is an area of strategic significance in the geography of the British Isles and it hosts a rich and varied multi-period archaeological and palaeoenvironmental record. This paper summarises some of the key findings for the Neolithic resulting from a long-term and in-depth landscape research project and provides a new chronological sequence for the Neolithic of the region.Attention is drawn to the discovery of what appears to be a new type of Neolithic structure associated with settlement activity hitherto unrecognised in Britain: post-built timber buildings based on a triangular arrangement of timbers. The paper then turns to a consideration of subsistence and land-use practices and the evidence for cereal agriculture from the immediate outset of the Neolithic in the region. Since 1999 many more radiocarbon measurements have become available for Neolithic activity in the area and, together with those obtained before 1999, have been recalibrated and subjected to Bayesian modelling to produce more precise estimates for Neolithic activity. Important findings include the provision of a more robust estimate for dating the onset of the Neolithic in the region, as well as establishing a chronological framework for the Neolithic–Beaker period ceramic sequence. It also reveals that the current dating available for the henge monuments indicates that this ritual complex most likely dates to the Beaker period and not to the Neolithic proper as they do in some other parts of Britain. Truly ‘Neolithic’ ceremonial monuments in the Milfield Basin remain elusive and few of the potential sites that have so far been identified have yet to be tested by excavation and scientific dating. A clear zoning of rock art is apparent, with hundreds of sites all clustered on the Fellsandstone escarpment, while a variety of Neolithic burial types is attested suggesting the region formed a meeting ground for different cultural influences.
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Kempf, Michael. "Take a seed! Revealing Neolithic landscape and agricultural development in the Carpathian Basin through multivariate statistics and environmental modelling". PLOS ONE 16, nr 10 (29.10.2021): e0258206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258206.
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The Carpathian Basin represents the cradle of human agricultural development during the Neolithic period, when large parts were transformed into ‘cultural landscapes’ by first farmers from the Balkans. It is assumed that an Early Neolithic subsistence economy established along the hydrologic systems and on Chernozem soil patches, which developed from loess deposits. However, recent results from soil chemistry and geoarchaeological analyses raised the hypothesis that extensive Chernozem coverage developed from increased land-use activity and that Early Neolithic ‘cultural’ groups were not restricted to loess-covered surfaces but rather preferred hydromorphic soils that formed in the floodplains. This article performs multivariable statistics from large datasets of Neolithic sites in Hungary and allows tracing Early to Late Neolithic site preferences from digital environmental data. Quantitative analyses reveal a strong preference for hydromorphic soils, a significant avoidance of loess-covered areas, and no preference for Chernozem soils throughout the Early Neolithic followed by a strong transformation of site preferences during the Late Neolithic period. These results align with socio-cultural developments, large-scale mobility patterns, and land-use and surface transformation, which shaped the Carpathian Basin and paved the way for the agricultural revolution across Europe.
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Reingruber, Agathe, Giorgos Toufexis, Nina Kyparissi-Apostolika, Michalis Anetakis, Yannis Maniatis i Yorgos Facorellis. "Neolithic Thessaly: radiocarbon dated periods and phases". Documenta Praehistorica 44 (3.01.2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.3.
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Thessaly in Central Greece is famous for settlement mounds (magoules) that were already partly formed in the Early Neolithic period. Some of these long-lived sites grew to many metres in height during the subsequent Middle, Late and Final Neolithic periods, and were also inhabited in the Bronze Age. Such magoules served as the backbone for defining relative chronological schemes. However, their absolute dating is still a topic of debate: due to a lack of well-defined sequences, different chronological schemes have been proposed. New radiocarbon dates obtained in the last few years allow a better understanding of the duration not only of the main Neolithic periods, but also of the different phases and sub-phases.
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Reingruber, Agathe, Giorgos Toufexis, Nina Kyparissi-Apostolika, Michalis Anetakis, Yannis Maniatis i Yorgos Facorellis. "Neolithic Thessaly: radiocarbon dated periods and phases". Documenta Praehistorica 44 (3.01.2018): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.44.3.
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Thessaly in Central Greece is famous for settlement mounds (magoules) that were already partly formed in the Early Neolithic period. Some of these long-lived sites grew to many metres in height during the subsequent Middle, Late and Final Neolithic periods, and were also inhabited in the Bronze Age. Such magoules served as the backbone for defining relative chronological schemes. However, their absolute dating is still a topic of debate: due to a lack of well-defined sequences, different chronological schemes have been proposed. New radiocarbon dates obtained in the last few years allow a better understanding of the duration not only of the main Neolithic periods, but also of the different phases and sub-phases.
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Mee, Chris, Bill Cavanagh i Josette Renard. "THE MIDDLE–LATE NEOLITHIC TRANSITION AT KOUPHOVOUNO". Annual of the British School at Athens 109 (30.10.2014): 65–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245414000112.
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The site of Kouphovouno, just south of Sparta, is one of the main Neolithic sites in Laconia. It was first settled in the Middle Neolithic period and developed into a large village with remains occupying some 4–5 hectares. A joint team from the British School at Athens and the Ecole française d'Athènes carried out excavations at the site in 2001–6. There is evidence for occupation during the Bronze Age, and for an extensive Late Roman villa, but this article concentrates on the chronology of the site during the Middle and Late Neolithic phases. The evidence from stratigraphic sequences, pottery typology, seriation and Bayesian analysis of the radiocarbon dates is brought together to present a detailed chronological sequence covering the periodc.5800–5000bc. In particular the analysis relies on the results from two deep soundings, one excavated in Area C carried down to the natural sediments underlying the site and exposing the earliest period of occupation, and the second in Area G covering the later Middle Neolithic and much of the Late Neolithic phase. The findings from Kouphovouno are placed more generally in the context of finds from other sites in the Peloponnese and in particular in relation to the important sequence from Franchthi Cave. On the basis of the evidence it is argued that the transition from Middle Neolithic to Late Neolithic in southern Greece was not abrupt, as had previously been thought, but showed a gradual evolution. This finding has implications for our understanding of the process of transformation that southern Greece underwent in the course of the later sixth millenniumbc.
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Vybornov, Alexander A., i Marianna A. Kulkova. "Chronology Issues of the Neolithic Cultures in the Volga-Kama Basin". Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 3, nr 37 (30.09.2021): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2021.3.37.42.54.
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In the article, the questions of the chronology of the Neolithic cultures in the Volga-Kama basin are discussed. This discussion is based on the significant series of radiocarbon dates obtained on the different organic materials in several last years. The dates were obtained as tradition scintillation technique, as well as AMS method. There was established the different age of cultural complexes on the same site and the time of transition from early to later Neolithic was determined in the Northern Cis-Caspian region. The beginning of the early Neolithic and the final of the later stage were clarified. The Neo-Eneolithic period in the Lower Volga region has been verified. The frameworks of the Early Neolithic and coexistence of Mesolithic and Neolithic societies in the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region were considered. The low border of the Neolithic period in the forest zone of the Middle Volga region was established. In the Cis-Kama region, the chronological frameworks of the Kamskaya culture were determined and the chronological ratio between complexes of unornamented, pricked and combed ornamented ceramics were explained.
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Pavlů, Ivan, i Petr Čechák. "Neolithic as a Historical Period and its Eurasian Variants / Neolit jako historické období a jeho podoby v Eurasii". Památky archeologické, nr 114 (5.12.2023): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35686/pa2023.1.
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It has become evident that the term Neolithic needs to be expanded to encompass the historical period during which human societies began, in various ways, to break away from a dependence on the products of natural evolution. This change was without doubt due to climatic oscillations which, over several centuries, disrupted the steady life of Palaeolithic hunters. New findings have shattered the unified notion of what was previously termed the Neolithic into a series of regionally and chronologically specific complexes. The first step is to redefine the terms ‘western’ and ‘eastern’ Neolithic according to the different developments that led to the emergence of pottery.
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Barnett, William K. "Small-scale transport of early Neolithic pottery in the west Mediterranean". Antiquity 64, nr 245 (grudzień 1990): 859–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00078984.
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The early Neolithic of the west Mediterranean The archaeological complex known as the early Neolithic in the west Mediterranean represents the arrival of Neolithic traits in western Europe. Dating to around 5000 BC (Evin 1987), this complex is marked by the appearance of pottery, ground stone tools, and transvcrse projectile points. It continues for about a millennium until middle Neolithic villages, such as Villeneuve-Toulousane, begin to appear. The early Neolithic is characterized by a transitional agricultural subsistence economy. At Aude Valley cave sites, domesticated sheep first appear in aceramic Mesolithic layers with typical Tardenoisian tool assemblages and fauna (Geddes 1983). Examination of these sheep remains show that this strain originated in the Near East (Geddes 1985). Early Neolithic deposits (as defined by the presence of ceramics) are found at many of the same Mesolithic sites and contain similar lithic assemblages as well as a continuation of mixed hunted and domesticated fauna. The presumably novel open-air coastal sites of this period, such as Leucate-Corrège (Guilaine et al. 1984), also appear to represent a mixed economy. Since there is no sudden apparent shift in settlement pattern or economy associated with the early Neolithic, this period appears to be best characterized as a time of gradual transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture.
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Bilynska, Sofiia, Andrii Duben, Volodymyr Babyak i Galyna Gnat. "COMPARISON OF NEOLITHIC HOUSING IN JAPAN AND UKRAINE". Innovative Solution in Modern Science 3, nr 39 (19.05.2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26886/2414-634x.3(39)2020.1.
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The national habitation of Japan and Ukraine during the Neolithic period is studied: comparison of methods of erection of frame structures, influence of lifestyle on the appearance of dwelling in both countries, as well as influence of religion on the arrangement of habitation in Ukraine and Japan, their common and distinctive features. The methods of preserving the architectural monuments in Japan, as well as the forecasts regarding the further state of traditional folk habitation in Ukraine without urgent restoration and renovation.Key words: traditional accommodation, wooden architecture, architecture, Neolith, Trypillia, Ukraine, Japan.
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Blank, Malou, Anna Tornberg i Corina Knipper. "New Perspectives on the Late Neolithic of South-Western Sweden. An Interdisciplinary Investigation of the Gallery Grave Falköping Stad 5". Open Archaeology 4, nr 1 (1.01.2018): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opar-2018-0001.
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Abstract This article presents the results of an interdisciplinary study combining archaeology, osteology, and stable isotope analyses. The geological conditions and richness of megalithic graves in Falbygden is suitable for studies of Neolithic human remains. Nevertheless, the Late Neolithic period (2350-1700 BC) is poorly investigated. This paper explores new knowledge of the Late Neolithic megalithic population in Falbygden. In-depth osteological and archaeological studies focusing on a single gallery grave (Falkoping stad 5) were conducted. Radiocarbon dating and carbon, nitrogen, and strontium isotope analyses of teeth from twenty-one individuals revealed the time of the grave’s use, as well as the subsistence and mobility practices of the buried individuals. The grave was already in use during the first part of the Late Neolithic and used into the second part of the period by individuals of different origin. Furthermore, the results indicated changing population dynamics in the Late Neolithic Falbygden, with increased human mobility, variability in subsistence strategies, and growing population density.
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Shorin, A. F., i A. A. Shorina. "Historiography of the Neolithic Trans-Urals: the Kozlov and Poludenskaya Cultures". VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, nr 2(57) (15.06.2022): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2022-57-2-1.
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The paper concerns the analysis of the history of the study of the Kozlov and Poludenskaya Neolithic Cul-tures. The territory of distribution of these archaeological cultures from the end of the 7th to the third quarter of the 5th millennium BC encompassed the forest Trans-Urals and the southern taiga zone of Western Siberia, as well as the adjacent northern edge of the forest-steppe. The source base of the research is represented by a critical analysis of scientific publications touching upon the problems of the Neolithic period in the Trans-Urals, primarily those addressing the functioning of the Kozlov and Poludenskaya Cultures, since the appearance of the first sci-entific concepts to the present day. Three stages in the history of the study of the analyzed cultures have been identified. Although the first artifacts of the Neolithic era are known in the region since as early as the 1830s–1860s, the beginning of the development of first scientific concepts about the Neolithic period of the Trans-Urals (the first stage) is associated with publications of V.N. Chernetsov and O.N. Bader at the turn of the 1860s–1870s. These researchers contemplated the development of the Trans-Ural Neolithic period within the framework of a single East-Urals culture in three successive stages. V.N. Chernetsov introduced the concept of “the Kozlov phase” into scientific discourse as the early stage, followed by the Yuryinsko-Gorbunovskaya and Chestyyag phases. O.N. Bader retained the name of the early stage as the Kozlov stage, but replaced the designation of the other two with the terms “Poludenskaya” and “Sosnovoostrovskaya” stages. A milestone in the historiography of the Neolithic period in the Trans-Urals was the monograph by V.T. Kovaleva published in 1989. Therein is intro-duced a new, fundamentally different from its predecessors, concept of the development of the Neolithic in the region. The researcher abandoned the view of the cultural unity of the Neolithic period in the Trans-Urals and substantiated two lines of development that had emerged already at the early stage — the Koshkino and Kozlov groups of archaeological sites — and which continued in the Late Neolithic as the Boborykino and Poludenskaya Cultures. Since then, the main ideas of V.T. Kovaleva's concept have been developing, or have been fundamen-tally revised on the basis of new sources compiled by the scientists.
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Hillam, J., C. M. Groves, D. M. Brown, M. G. L. Baillie, J. M. Coles i B. J. Coles. "Dendrochronology of the English Neolithic". Antiquity 64, nr 243 (czerwiec 1990): 210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00077826.
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In the period 1970–85, tree-ring research in Europe had resulted in the production of long oak chronologies for both Ireland and Germany going back over 7000 years (e.g. Brown et al. 1986; Leuschner & Delorme 1984). In England, there was a network of regional chronologies covering the historic period, and almost no chronological coverage for the prehistoric. For the archaeologist this meant that, provided a site from the historic period produced a replicated site chronology, the chances of dating by dendrochronology were very high. The chances of this happening for a prehistoric site were poor by comparison, although some sites were successfully dated, for example the Iron Age causeway from Fiskerton in Liricolnshire and the Hasholme log boat found in North Humberside (Hillam 1987).The period 1985–88 saw an intense effort to outline a prehistoric oak tree-ring chronology in England (Baillie & Brown 1988). This work centred on sub-fossil oaks from East Anglia and Lancashire and built on a previous chronology from Swan Carr, near Durham which spanned 1155–381 BC (Baillie et al. 1983). The approach to chronology-building was to produce wellreplicated chronology units which could be located precisely in time against the existing Irish (Pilcher et al. 1984) and North German (Leuschner & Delorme 1984) chronologies.
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Stevanović, Vladimir. "FRAGMENTOVANI ŽRTVENICI SA LOKALITETA KUĆIŠTE U SELU ČEKMIN". Leskovački zbornik LXII (2022): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/lz-lxii.007s.
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National museum of Leskovac received as a present a certain ammount of archaeological material, which is of great value. The material was found and given as a present to the museum by the museum’s cooperative Vladimir Aranđelović, and the archaeological site where he has found the cult tables is Kućište, in the village of Čekmin, 15 km away from Leskovac. Fragmented cult tables were presented in the paper, characteristic for the Early Neolithic period, and this type of cult items follows the Neolithic way of life. There are seven different fragments of cult tables that include recipients, legs and basis, as well as their ornaments. Beside the new ones, there is one more published fragmented cult table from the same site kept in the Prehistoric exhibition of the National museum of Leskovac, dated to the Late Neolithic period, too. The cult tables presented here from Čekmin, Kućište are dated to Vinča cultural group, Late Neolithic period, 5700/5500-4700/4500 BC.
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Stanc, Margareta Simina, Monica Luca, Adrian Bălășescu i Luminița Bejenaru. "Holocene Genetic Evolution of Pig (Sus scrofa) on Romanian Territory in a European Time and Space Frame". Diversity 14, nr 4 (11.04.2022): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14040288.
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Romanian territory represents a key point in the dispersal of domestic pigs into Europe, due to its geographical position. Our study gathers a high number of samples from different archaeological sites on Romanian territory in order to establish a more accurate chronological view of the spread of domestic pig into Europe and to investigate the possibility of a local domestication process. Approximately 200 samples from 45 archaeological sites on Romanian territory, covering a large period of time, from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages, were subjected to DNA analysis. The sequencing of a short fragment from the D-loop region of the mitochondrial DNA identified a different prevalence of domestic pig genetic signature between two periods of time: the Neolithic period and the Early Bronze Age–Middle Ages period. While the Neolithic period is characterized by the presence of domestic pigs with a Near-Eastern signature, during the Early Bronze Age–Middle Ages period this genetic signature is replaced with a European one. Two European and two Near-Eastern signatures were described for all the analysed samples, each of them prevailing within the wild, respectively domestic Sus scrofa. The data also revealed the introgression process as a form of domestication in Romanian territory.
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Vasilieva, Irina Nikolaevna. "POTTERY TECHNOLOGY OF NEOLITHIC POPULATION PARKING LEBYAŽINKA I". Samara Journal of Science 4, nr 4 (1.12.2015): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20154202.
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The article presents the results of the technological analysis of neolithic ceramics of the lebyazhinka i sabstract. the article presents the results of the technological analysis of neolithic ceramics of the lebyazhinka i site. it is located in the samara region, on the left tributary of the Volga river - the sok river, 1.1 km to the east of the current river channel. the site is one of the latest neolithic monuments which have been known in the Volga region from the time of coexistence of the neolithic and eneolithic populations up to the present. according to the peculiarities of the ornamental traditions, the lebyazhinka i pottery was divided into 6 complexes, within which some ceramics groups were distinguished. the study of pottery technology was conducted in the context of the historical-cultural approach to the study of ancient pottery. it is based on binocular microscopy, trace analysis and on the experiment in the form of physical modeling. all in all, 432 samples (fragments of the upper and bottom parts of the neolithic period vessels) were studied. special study of neolithic ceramics aims to find out the specific character of cultural traditions in pottery of the population of our region at the final stage of the neolithic age, their continuity with earlier neolithic traditions, as well as changes that occurred in the period of coexistence with newly come chalcolithic groups of the population.
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Treasure, Edward R., Darren R. Gröcke, Astrid E. Caseldine i Mike J. Church. "Neolithic Farming and Wild Plant Exploitation in Western Britain: Archaeobotanical and Crop Stable Isotope Evidence from Wales (c. 4000–2200 cal bc)". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 85 (grudzień 2019): 193–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2019.12.
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The introduction of agriculture is a key defining element of the Neolithic, yet considerable debate persists concerning the nature and significance of early farming practices in north-west Europe. This paper reviews archaeobotanical evidence from 95 Neolithic sites (c. 4000–2200 cal bc) in Wales, focusing on wild plant exploitation, the range of crops present, and the significance of cereals in subsistence practices. Cereal cultivation practices in Early Neolithic Wales are also examined using cereal grain stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope analysis. The Early Neolithic period witnessed the widespread uptake of cereals alongside considerable evidence for continued wild plant exploitation, notably hazelnuts and wild fruits. The possibility that wild plants and woodlands were deliberately managed or altered to promote the growth of certain plants is outlined. Small cereal grain assemblages, with little evidence for chaff and weed seeds, are common in the Early Neolithic, whereas cereal-rich sites are rare. Emmer wheat was the dominant crop in the Early Neolithic, while other cereal types were recorded in small quantities. Cereal nitrogen isotope (δ15N) values from Early Neolithic sites provided little evidence for intensive manuring. We suggest that cultivation conditions may have been less intensive when compared to other areas of Britain and Europe. In the later Neolithic period, there is evidence for a decline in the importance of cereals. Finally, the archaeobotanical and crop isotope data from this study are considered within a wider European context.
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Marciniak, Arkadiusz. "Communities, households and animals. Convergent developments in Central Anatolian and Central European Neolithic". Documenta Praehistorica 35 (31.12.2008): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.35.7.
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This paper intends to scrutinize striking similarities in cultural developments and social transformations in Neolithic communities in the North European Plain of Central Europe and Central Anatolia in the early phase of their development and in the following post-Eearly Neolithic period. They will be explored through evidence pertaining to architecture and the organization of space, alongside changes in settlement pattern, as well as animal bone assemblages and zoomorphic representations. Social changes, in particular a transition from communal arrangements of local groups in the Early Neolithic to autonomous household organization in the following period, will be debated.
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Neves, César. "Decorated or Undecorated: Analysis of the Early-Middle Neolithic Transition in Western Iberia Through the Ceramic’s Stylist Techniques and Decorative Motifs". Open Archaeology 7, nr 1 (1.01.2021): 848–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opar-2020-0171.
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Abstract In this article, we study the role played by pottery production in the transition from Early Neolithic to Middle Neolithic in Western Iberia (∼4500–3300 cal BC) based on a critical analysis of the available empirical data. We establish a chronological and cultural sequence for this period, regarding which the historical problematic is still poorly defined due to a lasting absence of scientific discussion about the long Neolithisation process. During the evolved Early Neolithic (∼5200–4500 cal BC), archeological record shows regional specificities and cultural identities in human groups occupying a vast territory. Pottery collections evidence the strong social importance of decorative grammars, marked by a wide variety of techniques and decorative patterns. In quantitative terms, decorated vessels largely prevail over undecorated vessels. However, in the following chrono-cultural phase, the Initial Middle Neolithic (∼4500–3700 cal BC), it starts an increasing prevalence of undecorated vessels over decorated. Decorative systems prefer the incision technique to impression (dominant in the Early Neolithic). Recurrent use of an incised motif called incised line below the rim. In this period, this type of decoration prevails in the set of decorated pottery and is found in different geographic contexts. This adds consistency to the interpretation according to which the same artifact collections are found in all settlements of the initial Middle Neolithic. Finally, by the time of the first-known Megalithic burials – Full Moment of the Middle Neolithic (3700–3300 cal BC) – the decorative grammars almost disappear from pottery sets, which became more “common” and missed some of their symbolic and social meaning. Undecorated vessels prevail even more strongly than in the previous period.
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Banning, E. B. "The Neolithic Period: Triumphs of Architecture, Agriculture, and Art". Near Eastern Archaeology 61, nr 4 (grudzień 1998): 188–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3210656.
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Betts, Alison. "The Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Period in Eastern Jordan". Paléorient 15, nr 1 (1989): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/paleo.1989.4493.
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Jaeger, U., H. Bruchhaus, L. Finke, Katrin Kromeyer-Hauschild i K. Zellner. "Secular trend in body height since the Neolithic period". Anthropologischer Anzeiger 56, nr 2 (25.05.1998): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/56/1998/117.
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Akbari, Hassan. "The Architecture Technology in Acceramic Neolithic Period (Kapargah Architecture)". Parseh Journal of Archaeological Studies 2, nr 3 (1.05.2018): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/pjas.2.3.35.
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Facorellis, Yorgos, Marina Sofronidou i Giorgos Hourmouziadis. "Radiocarbon Dating of the Neolithic Lakeside Settlement of Dispilio, Kastoria, Northern Greece". Radiocarbon 56, nr 2 (2014): 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/56.17456.
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Dispilio is the only excavated Neolithic lakeside settlement in Greece. Archaeological research provided evidence that the site was continuously used from the Early Neolithic (∼6000 BC) to the Late Chalcolithic period (∼1200 BC, Mycenaean period). During several archaeological campaigns, a portion of the settlement has been excavated that enabled a sufficient understanding of the architectural layout of homes, the building materials, and the organization of space, while the finds (fragments of pottery, stone and bone tools, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic clay figurines, miniature representations of objects also on clay, animal and fish bones, charred cereal grains, and other fruits) provided information on the everyday lives of the Neolithic inhabitants. A series of charcoal and wood samples, originating mostly from the Middle and Late Neolithic layers of the site, were radiocarbon dated and their dates range from ∼5470 to 4850 BC. The most unexpected of the finds, a wooden tablet from the lake bearing engraved symbols, was 14C dated to 5260 ± 40 BC. In addition, clay tablets and pottery vessels engraved with similar symbols were also unearthed from layers dated to the same period. If this proves to be a primary source of written communication, the history of writing should be reconsidered and Neolithic societies should not be considered “societies without writing.”
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Facorellis, Yorgos, Marina Sofronidou i Giorgos Hourmouziadis. "Radiocarbon Dating of the Neolithic Lakeside Settlement of Dispilio, Kastoria, Northern Greece". Radiocarbon 56, nr 02 (2014): 511–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200049560.
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Dispilio is the only excavated Neolithic lakeside settlement in Greece. Archaeological research provided evidence that the site was continuously used from the Early Neolithic (∼6000 BC) to the Late Chalcolithic period (∼1200 BC, Mycenaean period). During several archaeological campaigns, a portion of the settlement has been excavated that enabled a sufficient understanding of the architectural layout of homes, the building materials, and the organization of space, while the finds (fragments of pottery, stone and bone tools, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic clay figurines, miniature representations of objects also on clay, animal and fish bones, charred cereal grains, and other fruits) provided information on the everyday lives of the Neolithic inhabitants. A series of charcoal and wood samples, originating mostly from the Middle and Late Neolithic layers of the site, were radiocarbon dated and their dates range from ∼5470 to 4850 BC. The most unexpected of the finds, a wooden tablet from the lake bearing engraved symbols, was14C dated to 5260 ± 40 BC. In addition, clay tablets and pottery vessels engraved with similar symbols were also unearthed from layers dated to the same period. If this proves to be a primary source of written communication, the history of writing should be reconsidered and Neolithic societies should not be considered “societies without writing.”
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Ступак, Дмитро, i Аліна Ступак. "ORNAMENTED TOOLS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS OF THE MESOLITHIC - NEOLITHIC TIMES FROM THE DESNA BASIN REGION". КОНСЕНСУС, nr 2 (2023): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2023-02/019-031.
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The most earliest cases of using the long bones of ungulates as tools are known from the Middle Paleolithic. In the Upper Paleolithic time, the manufacture of tools from the long bones of ungulates, as well as the ornamentation of some of them, is often represented in the sites of Europe. The territory of the Desna basin, during the time of the Final Paleolithic – Neolithic, was involved in the same cultural and historical processes that took place in the northern part of Europe. But, for today, unlike many northern regions of Europe, in the territory of the Desna basin, items made of bone or horn are known only from Neolithic points. Ornamented tools are represented only by single samples. The purpose of this work is to соnsider ornamented tools made of organic materials found in the Desna basin and to publish a previously unknown sample of such tools found on the outskirts of Chernihiv, on Telyachiy island. The find from Telyachiy island is a fragment of a tool made from a long bone of a deer (Cervidae gen. etsp.). The the lack of a radiocarbon date makes it impossible to clarify its accurate dating. Based on the spread of columns of parallel strokes of ornament in the Mesolithic period and its continued existence in the Neolithic period, as well as the presence of finds of fragments of Neolithic ceramics on Telyachyi island, the found fragment of the tool, today, should be dated to the Mesolithic – Neolithic period. Thus, for the Early Holocene periods of the territory of the Desna basin, items made of organic materials are represented only by the Neolithic period. Among them, ornamented tools are rare specimens. Only for a fragment of a tool made of a long bone of a deer found on Telyachyi island, it can be assumed that it dates back to the Mesolithic. Given the meager amount of ornamented items made from organic materials from the territory of the Desna basin, this find is certainly an important source for understanding the ornamental traditions of decorating tools and the aesthetic preferences of the ancient population of the Desna basin.
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Vybornov, Aleksandr Alekseevich, Irina Nikolaevna Vasilyeva, Eleonora Mikhailovna Laktaeva i Igor Konstantinovich Frolov. "New materials about the Neolithic period of the North Caspian Sea region". Samara Journal of Science 11, nr 4 (1.12.2022): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2022114202.
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The paper is devoted to the results of the research materials of Kairshak site of the North Caspian Sea region. The relevance of the topic is determined by the role of this region in the Neolithic process of Eastern Europe. The ceramic tradition of the early Neolithic is one of the oldest in this region. Technical and technological analysis of ceramics indicates that the dishes were made of silt with an addition of freshwater molluscs. Different vessels are typologically identified. An ornament is made by a drawn line and a single prick. The set of features allows to assign the collection of ceramics to the Kairshak type. Stone tools are characterized by plate-flake technique. End scrapers dominated. Arrowed and other forms are rarely met. The second category concludes geometrical microliths of segment type. The number of sharp points isnt big. An amount of indicators indicates that the complex has an early Neolithic character. A kind of animal is identified with an archeozoological method kulan. The radiocarbon date indicates the end of the 6th millennium BC. This contradicts the available data bank on the chronology of the Kairshak type sites. According to all characteristics of the stone and ceramic inventory, the discovered complex is most similar to the materials of the Kairshak I.
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Gurova, Maria. "NEOLITHIC FLINT ASSEMBLAGES FROM BULGARIA: AN OVERVIEW". Samara Journal of Science 3, nr 3 (18.07.2014): 94–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv20143210.
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This paper offers a brief overview of the flint assemblages from the Neolithic period in Bulgaria (VI mill. cal BC) by following their evolution that depending on the context could also be called innovation, retardation or simply modification. Some significant changes occur during the Neolithic who reflected to all aspects of the flint industry - from the raw material acquisition via techno-typological parameters until the functional connotations of different artefacts categories. The empirical corpus of the study contains assemblages coming from 18 different sites. Expectedly whatever changes are attested as occurring alongside the evolution on the Tell settlements, there is no striking rupture and discontinuity in the flint industry as claimed on the basis of fragmentary assemblages coming from other sites belonging to different cultural stages/periods of the Neolithic. The paper ends with a series of challenging questions referring to different level of our knowledge and understanding of the gradual changes of the Neolithic lifeway.
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Vybornov, Aleksandr Alekseevich, Irina Nikolaevna Vasilyeva, Aleksey Valerievich Baratskov, Filat Faritovich Gilyazov, Pavel Andreevich Kosintsev, Marianna Alekseevna Kulkova, Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Kurbatova, Natalya Valeryevna Roslyakova i Aleksandr Ivanovich Yudin. "The results of the study of the Algay site (2019) in the lower Volga Region". Samara Journal of Science 9, nr 1 (28.02.2020): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202091201.
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The processes of Neolithization and Eneolithization are two of the most important in the study of the human prehistory. The territory of the Lower Volga is of particular importance. In the Neolithic period, one of the oldest ceramic traditions in Eastern Europe appears. In the Eneolithic, cultures with signs of a productive economy are recorded rather early here. A further study of these issues depends on a quality source base. Monuments of the Neolithic and Eneolithic in the Volga steppe are rare. Therefore, the study of the new site Algay is very relevant. Its importance increases due to the discovery of stratigraphic data in 2019: the Eneolithic and Neolithic layers are separated by relatively sterile layers. This allows us to establish reliable periodization. Features of the lower cultural layer allowed us to trace the process of its formation. The work was interdisciplinary. The results of the technical and technological analysis of ceramics revealed the characteristic features of the Neolithic and Eneolithic. Archaeozoological definitions established the species composition of animals in the Neolithic and Eneolithic. New radiocarbon dates provide a basis for determining the exact chronological framework of the Orlovskaya and Caspian cultures in this region. Among archaeological materials, rare artifacts have been discovered that testify to social stratification already in the Neolithic period.
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Carter, Stephen, i Richard Tipping. "The Prehistoric Occupation of Carradale, Kintyre". Glasgow Archaeological Journal 17, nr 1 (styczeń 1991): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/gas.1991.17.17.39.
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Summary A concentration of archaeological features at Achnasavil, Carradale, which has been recorded since 1985, is being rapidly destroyed by river erosion. Limited excavations were carried out in 1991 in order to date and characterise the nature of the site. Four periods of activity have been identified: cultivation in the Neolithic period; an occupation in the early Bronze Age; a domestic settlement in the late Bronze Age; and an Iron Age occupation. A programme of morphological mapping and dating of valley floor terraces in lower Carradale showed that the present day flood plain of the Carra Water was created by the early Neolithic period and the morphology of the valley floor has changed little since that time.
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Guttmann, E. B. A., S. J. Dockrill i I. A. Simpson. "Arable agriculture in prehistory". Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 134 (30.11.2005): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.134.53.64.
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A Neolithic agricultural soil, a Late Bronze Age to Early Iron Age soil and a range of middendeposits were analysed from the multi-period settlement sites of Tofts Ness, Sanday, Orkney and OldScatness, Shetland. The analysis was undertaken in order to compare the midden material whichhad accumulated within the settlement to the cultural material in the arable fields. The comparisonwas undertaken in order to determine whether manuring was practised in the Neolithic and, if so,to identify which materials were selected as fertilizers. Thin section micromorphology, phosphateanalysis, particle size distribution and loss on ignition were used to identify and characterize thematerials which were added to the soil. The results indicate that in the Neolithic period at Tofts Nessthe middens themselves were cultivated, although midden material was also added as fertilizer tothe fields around the site. The cultivation of midden heaps in the Neolithic may have been a commonpractice and is evidence for intensive arable agriculture on a small scale. The cultivation of a LateBronze Age to Early Iron Age midden at Old Scatness, Shetland suggests continuity of the practice.Parallels are drawn with other Neolithic, Bronze Age and Iron Age sites.
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Depaermentier, Margaux L. C., Michael Kempf, Eszter Bánffy i Kurt W. Alt. "Tracing mobility patterns through the 6th-5th millennia BC in the Carpathian Basin with strontium and oxygen stable isotope analyses". PLOS ONE 15, nr 12 (9.12.2020): e0242745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242745.
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The complexity of Neolithic population movements and their interpretation through material culture have been the subject of archaeological research for decades. One of the dominant narratives proposes that groups from the Starčevo-Körös-Criş complex spread from the central towards the northern Balkans in the Early Neolithic and eventually brought the Neolithic lifestyle into present-day Hungary. Broad geographical migrations were considered to shape the continuous expansion of Neolithic groups and individuals. However, recent archaeological research, aDNA, and isotope analyses challenged the synchronous appearance of specific material culture distributions and human movement dynamics through emphasizing communication networks and socio-cultural transformation processes. This paper seeks to retrace the complexity of Neolithic mobility patterns across Hungary by means of strontium and oxygen stable isotope analyses, which were performed on a total of 718 human dental enamel samples from 55 Neolithic sites spanning the period from the Starčevo to the Balaton-Lasinja culture in Transdanubia and from the Körös to the Tiszapolgár cultural groups on the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld). This study presents the largest strontium and oxygen isotope sample size for the Neolithic Carpathian Basin and discusses human mobility patterns on various geographical scales and throughout archaeological cultures, chronological periods, and sex and gender categories in a multiproxy analysis. Based on our results, we discuss the main stages of the Neolithisation processes and particularly trace individual movement behaviour such as exogamy patterns within extensive social networks. Furthermore, this paper presents an innovative differentiation between mobility patterns on small, micro-regional, and supra-regional scales, which provides new insights into the complex organisation of Neolithic communities.
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Patton, Mark. "An Early Neolithic Axe Factory at Le Pinacle, Jersey, Channel Islands". Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 57, nr 2 (1991): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00004503.
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The site of Le Pinacle, Jersey, is an important multi-phase site with horizons dating to the Early Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age and Gallo-Roman periods. Recent reassessment of the material from the site suggests the existence of a stone axe production centre at Le Pinacle during the Early Neolithic period. Petrological studies have resulted in the identification of a group of dolerite axes, for which Le Pinacle is the probable source. Axes belonging to this group have been identified in assemblages from Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney and Sark.