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Desbruyères, Clément. "L’épreuve du cancer à un âge avancé : pratiques médicales et négociations du soin en oncogériatrie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BRES0036.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research aims at understanding the trial of cancer when it is diagnosed at an advanced age, considering it at the interface of professional practices and individual and family reasoning. Some older patients already live with various frailties, which can reduce the expected benefits of the treatment envisaged by physicians. Facing the risk of seeing their chronological age determining the access to therapies, oncogeriatrics is believed to guide medical decision-making processes towards greater fairness, through the assessment of patient’s frailty. The implementation of this approach questions the ways in which oncologist engage with aging, as well as how the trial of cancer is conceptualized, expressed, and addressed by elderly individuals included in such a care system. To do so, I conducted a qualitative investigation combining in situ observations in two healthcare establishments in Brittany (France) and semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals, patients, and some of their relatives. The analysis allowed to highlight the trial of cancer at an advanced age as shaped by different times and temporalities, both from the perspective of patients and professionals. It has also led to shed new light on care negotiations in the field of oncology, partly determined by the age and qualified frailty of cancer patients
Coulomb, Laureline. "Entre négociations et malentendus : l'interaction entre soignants et soignés sans-domicile". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG008/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaHomeless people commonly have poor health status and their life expectancy is much shorter than the general population. Their interaction with healthcare professionals is characterised by various misunderstandings, which deal with the different relationships that these actors have with body, health and time. Their interaction is thus problematic and may lead to conflict. However, they are both trying to avoid conflict through negotiation. The aim of this thesis is to develop this paradox: while those negotiations try to prevent the difficulties created by their misunderstandings, the compromise they build consists precisely in maintaining those misunderstandings. This thesis uses a comprehensive and interactionist approach. It is grounded on data collected through observations and interviews held with both homeless people and healthcare workers
Baudet-Caille, Véronique. "Le retour du travailleur étranger dans son pays d'origine : politiques nationales et négociations internationales". Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010298.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince the seventy's crisis, in all common market countries, the aspects of the immigration policy tends to be the foreign workers momecoming. The main purpose of such a policy is to unblock the labor market, mainly composed of unskilled. The homecoming policy isn't only authorities' privilege. Different private organizations are favorable to reintegration within the scope of developing aids. All they do is based on partnership with the morkers and their countries. Thus, those public initiatives haven't reached their quantitative aims. The foreign morkers come back home either when they retire or when they don't succed. That's how only private initiatives play a promissing part in reintegration policy
Blondet, Vanessa. "Les pratiques sédatives en unités de soins palliatifs, entre travail du care et négociation". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2019/Blondet_Vanessa_2019_ED519.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWhat are the different type of sedation in palliative care units ? How caregivers, patients and relatives negociate any kind of sedation ? What are uses of Midazolam and its negociation saying about the work in palliative care units in France ? This thesis is based on a qualitative survey, conducted among four palliative care structures. The work is based on direct and undirect observations, tracking Midazolam doses progression for 42 patients, and sixty semi-structured interviews. Materials analysis show eight Midazolam uses and among them, five sedations types. Semi-structured interviews show that palliative care work seek notably end of life (re)socialisation. Yet, there is a contradiction between this goal and the implementation of continuous deep sedation until death. Therefore, caregivers sometimes prefer a more progressive form of sedation
Rioux-Dubois, Annie. "L'intégration et la négociation du rôle de l'infirmière praticienne en soins de santé primaires en contexte de collaboration interprofessionnelle". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38717.
Pełny tekst źródłaWagner, Gabriel, i Gabriel Wagner. "Entre construction et destruction de soi : la négociation du sens des pratiques dites "à risque" chez les jeunes". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37083.
Pełny tekst źródłaCette enquête de terrain d’inspiration ethnographique s’intéresse à la négociation du sens des conduites dites « à risque » chez les jeunes. Regroupant un large spectre de pratiques disparates (plus ou moins physiques ou symboliques), ces « conduites » inquiètent, en ce qu’elles semblent souvent autodestructrices ou insensées, voire même pathologiques. Or, le terme « conduite à risque », qui relève du vocabulaire de la santé publique, est une « construction experte » qui occulte la perception que les jeunes ont eux-mêmes du ou des risques encourus. S’intéresser aux significations que portent les jeunes sur leurs pratiques se révèle alors nécessaire afin de saisir ce qui se joue, parfois de manière déguisée, derrière ces mises à risque de soi. Afin de répondre à la question comment les jeunes négocient-ils le sens qu’ils accordent à la prise de risque plus ou moins délibérée dans leur vie?, une enquête de terrain a été réalisée grâce à un partenariat avec un organisme communautaire jeunesse en travail de rue. C’est par une présence de 75 heures au sein d’une unité mobile d’intervention déployée par les travailleurs de rue de l’organisme que l’univers de sens des jeunes a été approché; de même, six entretiens semi-structurés ont permis de tisser la toile de significations accordée aux pratiques « à risque » par les jeunes, le tout sous-tendu par l’écriture d’un journal de recherche auto-analytique. L’angle théorique de l’interactionnisme symbolique, croisé à une perspective d’interprétation herméneutique, a guidé l’ensemble du processus de recherche, de la problématisation à la discussion des résultats. Au final, le développement de connaissances entourant cette question a permis de saisir, par une lecture paradoxale et nuancée de ces pratiques, la significativité de la prise de risque dans le processus de construction d’un sens à l’existence de plusieurs jeunes, processus traversé par une dynamique incessante de construction et de destruction de soi.
Draus, Sarah. "Organisation et réglementation des bourses : La gestion de l’admission et de la négociation des valeurs, et son impact sur la gestion finançière des entreprises". Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090052.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoivin, Annie. "L'art de la négociation entre son contexte de vie et le diabète de type 2 : stratégies d'autogestion développées par les femmes de l'île de la Réunion". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26071/26071.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis master’s thesis concerns type 2 diabetes self-management strategies developed by the women of Reunion Island. Our research was conducted in the French Overseas Department where 15 % of adults are affected by this disease. We were inspired by the model described by Kleinman et al. (1978) and Young (1982) on the three dimensions of the disease, namely disease / illness / sickness, further developed by Massé (1995), to understand how women managed to cope with diabetes in their social and family environment. Data for the analysis was collected using individual interviews as well as one focus group. The women who succeeded in managing their diabetes more efficiently are the ones who managed to create a sphere of negotiation between medical advice and their life context. We first describe the reality of women through their culture, roles and obligations. The medical recommendations are then presented which, considering the biological dimension of the disease (disease), are often disembodied from what women live. Finally, we see how using lay knowledge, which can be described as an interpretation of medical, alternative and popular discourses, as well as one’s own experiences, helped these women to successfully develop strategies to negotiate between their everyday lives and the constraints of the disease. Some facilitators of the negotiation process are also identified. Those people that have found the means to adapt to the disease could potentially be involved in the development of intervention processes based on lay knowledge which would be better adapted to the reality of diabetic people living in Reunion Island, where this disease is on the rise.
Lupu, Ioana. "La construction de l'identité des femmes experts-comptables en France : rendre compte de la construction de l'identité : la négociation du soi chez les femmes experts-comptables". Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624385/en/.
Pełny tekst źródłaLupu, Ioana. "La construction de l’identité des femmes experts-comptables en France : rendre compte de la construction de l’identité : la négociation du soi chez les femmes experts-comptables". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0743/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe thesis is positioned at the confluence of literature on gender, professions and identity and aims to contribute to the understanding of the processes of identity construction of women public accountants. The empirical data presented in this dissertation is based on over forty semi-structured biographic interviews with women and men, CPAs and trainees. My method was built progressively as a result of my immersion in the field and of my personal experience as a woman and professional accountant. Based on my findings, I highlighted the existence of an approved organizational path characterized by linear, constant upward mobility and submitted to organizational norms. This professional model, constructed as masculine, does not appeal to a majority of women, and especially mothers, who decide to have recourse to alternative professional models. Although promoted by the firms, these models lack the legitimacy of approved routes and often imply a derailment of women’s careers right from the early days because previous choices may limit the range of choices available in the future. My study is focused on the construction of women CPA’s professional identity and of its interaction with motherhood. I show that in constructing their identity women dwell on socially defined roles and organizationally available discourses that may be in contradiction with each other. Thus, women attempting to construct themselves as both good professional and mother may experience identity tensions. Nevertheless, their identities are not fragmented, but are the result of a continuous effort to integrate contradictory discourses in an ongoing biography. In addition, I highlight two types of strategies that women professional accountants use: strategies concerning family and strategies concerning work. Their analysis allow me to draw the conclusion that women CPA impose new work practices that are mostly adaptive practices and do not aim to alter the current ones
Boucaud, Ingrid. "Rôle de la communication acoustique dans l’organisation des soins biparentaux chez les oiseaux : étude chez le diamant mandarin (Taeniopygia guttata) et la mésange charbonnière (Parus major)". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES002/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaBiparental care involves that male and female work as a team and each individual adjusts its behaviour to that of its partner. Many theoretical and empirical studies have investigated how each parent adjusts its behaviour to an increase or a decrease in the parental effort of its partner. But fewer have explored the mechanism allowing this adjustment. Biparental care is widespread in birds. Because birds are vocal animals, acoustic communication may play a role in organizing parental care. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to answer this question by comparing two bird species that differ in sex roles during parental care. In the zebra finch, both male and female incubate the eggs, whereas in the great tit, the female incubates alone and is partly fed by the male. In both species, I first observed in which contexts parents communicate with sounds at the nest and described the structure of their vocal exchanges. This allowed me to formulate hypotheses on the functions of this communication. Then, I experimentally tested one of these hypotheses for each species. In the zebra finch, I demonstrated that communication at the nest allows the pair to share incubation time. In the great tit, communication at the nest allows the female to communicate her needs for food to her mate. Acoustic communication thus plays a role in organizing parental care in these two species and could be a key factor in future studies on the adjustment of parental effort between males and females
Solda, Alice. "Overconfidence as an interpersonal strategy". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2010.
Pełny tekst źródłaStandard economic models assume that individuals collect and process information in a way that gives them a relatively accurate perception of reality. However, this assumption is often violated. Data shows that individuals often form positively biased beliefs about themselves, which can have detrimental economic con-sequences. This thesis aims to explain the persistence of overconfidence in social interactions by showing the existence of strategic benefits of being overconfident that offset its social cost.Using a series of laboratory experiments, this thesis shows that (i) overconfidence emerges primarily when it provides an advantage in social interactions (Chapter2) and (ii) identify situations in which overconfidence is likely to be socially detrimental (Chapter 3 and 4). This thesis contributes to the literature by enhancing our understanding of the situational determinants of overconfidence in social interactions and lay the foundations to improve policies intended to prevent or limit its negative effects
Esmenjaud-Genestoux, Florence. "Fonctionnement didactique du milieu culturel et familial dans la régulation des apprentissages scolaires en mathématiques". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00697666.
Pełny tekst źródłaAudy, Emilie. "L’infirmière, la pratique de soin et la négociation : ethnographie des suivis postnatals à domicile en milieu multiethnique à Montréal". Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18524.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is an analysis of the interactions between nurses and service users in the context of post-natal home monitoring. Based on an ethnographic study I conducted in Montreal (Bordeaux-Cartierville-Saint-Laurent), I have defined how nurses negotiate care practice with their service users. These ‘‘negotiations’’ permit them to fulfill their mandate even with the manifestation of difference that can arise between the nurse’s professional and the service users’ profane culture. The theoretical framework that I have built around the concept of negotiation is also supported by sociological literature on profession and health. In order to cater to the service users’ needs, the nurses inherently modulate their relationship to the public health norms. Five types of negotiation have resulted form this study: Cooperation, Compromise, Detachment, Typified Adaptation and Coercion. This narrative of these different forms of negotiation tells us how nurses manage to fulfil their mandate with the service users who do not subscribe to the Quebec public health prevention and promotion of healthy living values.
Leblanc, Véronique. "La relation comme espace de négociation entre soi et l'autre : étude des pratiques relationnelles". Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2686/1/M11215.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaRiikonen, Tanja. "Des identités musulmanes : analyse discursive des négociations identitaires d’étudiantes universitaires et immigrantes en Finlande et au Québec". Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19291.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this doctoral research project I explore the multiplicity of Muslim identity construction in Finland and the province of Quebec, Canada, within the context of immigration, globalization, and multiculturalism. My interest lies in the Muslim self-identifications of female students who have an immigrant background. They can define their Muslim identities in many different ways: as religious, cultural, part of family heritage, and so forth. Thus, these identities can be experienced as given, chosen, or admired, but also imposed, rejected or ignored. As Muslim identity has become “the symbol of the Other” in many European and North American societies, the global and local power relations are also prominent in my research. I assume that in whatever ways the participants identify themselves as Muslims, they cannot wholly escape discriminatory power hierarchies which participates in shaping the definition of their “group”. My interdisciplinary thesis situates itself in the field of religious studies. It engages with a discursive approach to identity and with a critical approach to multiculturalism and power relations. The analysis draws on a corpus of thirty (30) qualitative and semi-structured interviews conducted in university contexts in Helsinki, Turku and Montreal. Dialogical Self Theory and Discursive Pragmatics are used to explore Muslim identities, as these theories draw upon heterogeneous and multivocal subject positions. This framework allows me to conceptualize identity as something negotiated and unstable, but which, at the same time, aims at a certain degree of coherence. In my analysis I propose new ways to analyse Muslim identities by considering the complex interplay of identifications, disidentifications, and confusions as “types” of identity negotiation. I observe the multiple ways these types of negotiations are acted out in various discursive contexts and the ways they are anchored in local and global power relations. I draw especially attention to diverse temporal and spatial reference points and to multiple positions and voices of the self and others. The results of my research confirm the complexity of Muslim identity construction, as they reflect a variety of ways these identities can be contextually negotiated through the self and the other. As such, my research contributes to overcoming some simplifications of the definitions of Muslim identities: it proposes an alternative way to study Muslim identity construction beyond certain theoretical tendencies treating these identities without being able to fully highlight the complexity and the multiplicity that characterises them.
Tutkin väitöskirjassani muslimi-identiteetin monimuotoisuutta monikulttuurisuuden, globalisaation ja maahanmuuton kontekstissa Suomessa ja Québecin provinssissa Kanadassa. Keskityn tutkimukseeni osallistuneiden naispuolisten maahanmuuttajataustaisten korkeakouluopiskelijoiden tapoihin, joilla he määrittelevät itsensä muslimina: he saattavat kokea muslimi-identiteettinsä uskonnollisina, kulttuurisina tai hyväksyttynä osana perheen perintöä. Toisin sanoen heidän muslimi-identiteettinsä voivat olla ennalta annettuja, itse valittuja tai ihannoituja, mutta myös ulkoapäin pakotettuja, torjuttuja tai ignoroituja. Koska muslimi-identiteetistä on tullut ”toiseuden symboli” monessa Euroopan ja Pohjois-Amerikan maassa, myös globaalit ja paikalliset valtasuhteet ovat tutkimukseni keskiössä. Lähtokohtani on, että osallistujat eivät voi täysin välttää syrjiviä valtahierarkioita, jotka osallistuvat heidän “ryhmänsä” määrittelemiseen. Ja tämä huolimatta painoarvosta, jonka he muslimi-identiteetilleen antavat. Tutkimukseni on monitieteellinen ja laadullinen. Se sijoittuu uskontotieteen kenttään. Taustateorioinani käytän diskursiivista lähestymistapaa identiteettiin ja kriittistä lähestymistapa monikulttuurisuuteen sekä valtasuhteisiin. Pääaineistoni koostuu 30 puolistrukturoidusta haastattelusta, jotka on toteutettu yliopistoympäristössä Helsingissä, Turussa ja Montrealissa. Analysoin muslimi-identiteettiä dialogisen itsen (Dialogical Self Theory) ja pragmaattis-diskursiivisesta teoreettis-metodologisesta viitekehyksestä, joka perustuu heterogeenisten subjektipaikkojen moniääniseen ja monipaikkaiseen tarkasteluun. Kyseinen teoreettis-metodologinen viitekehys auttaa minua lähestymään identiteettiä epävakaana ja neuvoteltuna, mutta myös voimana, joka pyrkii luomaan jatkuvuutta. Tutkimukseni tarkoituksena on kehittää uusi lähestymistapa muslimi-identiteetin analysoimiseen useiden erilaisten samaistumisen ja epäsamaistumisen tapojen sekä hämmentyneiden positioiden kautta. Nämä identiteetin ”neuvottelutyypit” rakentuvat useissa eri diskursiivisissa konteksteissa ja ajan ja paikan kiinnekohdissa. Ne kiinnittyvät täten globaaleihin ja paikallisiin valtasuhteisiin sekä itsen ja toisten positioihin ja ääniin. Tutkimukseni tulokset vahvistivat käsitystä muslimi-identiteetin monimuotoisuudesta ja useista erilaisista tavoista, joilla sitä voidaan rakentaa eri diskursiivisissa konteksteissa itsen ja toiseuden kautta. Tulokset edesauttavat kyseenalaistamaan muslimi-identiteetin osittain yksinkertaisia yleisiä määritelmiä sekä nykyajan teoreettisia lähestymistapoja, jotka eivät aina kykene tuomaan esiin sen moninaisuutta.
"L'art de la négociation entre son contexte de vie et le diabète de type 2. Stratégies d'autogestion développées par les femmes de l'île de la Réunion". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26071/26071.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBaridon, Anaïs. "L'intervention en contexte de réduction des méfaits et consommation de drogue : ethnographie des négociations morales des intervenantes d'un organisme communautaire". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21238.
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