Rozprawy doktorskie: „NDM”

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K, C. M. "Modelling The Spread Of Atrophy In Huntington's Disease Using Network Diffusion Model (NDM)". Master's thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2022. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/7e84795fcc31cf11ddd7882fb70a89f00d854f6671d47283a49cffd4a3c2929e/3306611/MODELLING-THE-SPREAD-OF-ATROPHY-IN-HUNTINGTON%20S-DISEASE-USING-NETWORK-DIFFUSION-MODEL%28NDM%29.pdf.

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Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegeneration which has symptoms such as movement dysfunction, cognitive abnormalities, and psychiatric disturbances. Neurodegeneration in HD is characterised by pathology that spreads throughout the cortico-striatal network. There is growing recognition that the transfer of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein is cellular and shaped by structural organisation of the brain, provides a general framework underlying progressive spread of degeneration in HD. However, relatively little is known regarding how such progression occurs over time. This knowledge is critical to inform future drug discovery efforts where neuroimaging methodology can be used to develop the potential therapeutic compounds in targeting vulnerable neural circuits in HD. This research aimed to develop and apply a novel graph theoretical network diffusion model to predict how and where in the brain neurodegenerative process is seeded in HD. We used longitudinal MRI scans (N=106 Premanifest HD (pre-HD) and N=89 Healthy Controls), collected 12 and 24 months from the Track-On HD study. We implemented Network diffusion model (NDM), which was previously applied to symptomatic individuals with HD, in the Premanifest HD population. To evaluate the spatial patterns in change in brain volume of HD brain regions compared to controls, we segmented the T1-weighted structural MRI scans into 82 brain regions using FreeSurfer based tools. A linear mixed-effects model is statistically used to evaluate the brain volume differences (across 82 brain regions) in different time visits. The outcome of this statistical approach revealed that degeneration over time in pre-HD compared to controls shows extensively higher (p<0.05). The putamen and caudate showed the highest atrophy sub-cortically. Cortically, the highest atrophy is observed in the visual cortex (lateral occipital) and temporal cortex (superior and middle temporal). Next, we implemented NDM to simulate the longitudinal pattern of degeneration across the 82 brain regions. The NDM assumes that the linear diffusion of pathological proteins facilitates pathology spread in the HD brain via the brain's structural connectome. Therefore, we used a canonical connectome from the healthy brain (82 x 82 IIT connectome) to simulate the brain's spread process. We found that initiating the diffusion process from pallidum, thalamus, and putamen predicts a pattern of degenerations (predicted atrophy) which is significantly correlated (p<0.05, corrected) with longitudinal degeneration measured using MRI scans. However, the predictive ability of NDM was moderate at best (maximum Pearson correlation between predicted and measured atrophy = 0.48, p <0.0001). These findings suggest that NDM can only moderately predict the pattern of degeneration in the HD brain. Overall, this thesis explores how NDM can better understand the progression of degeneration in HD. Our comparative study between healthy and patient’s groups statistically showed a progressive pattern of atrophy in the cerebrum. Furthermore, the results from NDM suggests that NDM could be helpful to model the progression of atrophy in subcortical and cortical regions in HD. Thus, NDM may build bio-physically informed machine learning algorithms for predicting future degeneration from baseline MRI scans.

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yang, hao. "SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC HYDROLASES NDM-1 AND MMP-1 FOR DRUG DISCOVERY". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1437835452.

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Hui, Ka-long Aaron, i 許家朗. "Structural analysis of Zn-Zn distance in NDM-1's beta-lactam hydrolysis mechanism". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206564.

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Introduction: The New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1) is an enzyme synthesized by bacterium which hydrolyses β-lactam antibiotics and inhibits their antibiotic effects. Its active site is highly diverse and the hydrolysis mechanism is not yet fully understood. So, there is currently no clinically useful inhibitor for this enzyme. Due to this β-lactam resistant characteristics and the ease of horizontal gene transfer between bacteria, NDM-1 producing bacteria poses a great threat to public health. Objective: Structural analysis on Zn-Zn distance in the active site of NDM-1 was carried out in order to gain a better insight on its hydrolysis mechanism. Method: Structures of NDM-1 were obtained from PDB database and were viewed on PyMOL. Out of 22 NDM-1 structures searched, 12 of them fulfilled the inclusion criterion and were included in this study. Zn-Zn distances were compared with different factors including pH and temperature during crystallization, presence of water in the active site and nature of ligand bound to active site. Results: A trend was observed when Zn-Zn distances were compared with pH. There was also a correlation between Zn-Zn distance and nature of ligand. Distance between the 2 zinc ions in the active site increased in acidic pH value of 6.5 or below and it favours substrate hydrolysis while neutral or alkaline pH shortened the distance between zinc ions leading to hydrolysis inhibition. Discussion: One NDM-1 structure can hydrolyse the substrate in the absence of water molecule. It suggested that there might be another alternative mechanism which does not involve water molecule as nucleophile. Future study can be carried out to verify this hypothesis. On the other hand, it was also suggested that a lower pH, likely to be a pH value of 6.5 or below, could lead to a relatively higher Zn-Zn distance, likely to be 4.00 Å or above. A Zn-Zn distance of 4.00 Å or above would facilitate the hydrolysis mechanism. In other words, a pH value lower than 6.5 might also promote the hydrolysis action against β-lactams. These give us a deeper understanding into the hydrolysis mechanism of NDM-1 and might be useful in future development of clinical inhibitor to tackle the public health threat brought by NDM-1.
published_or_final_version
Physiology
Master
Master of Medical Sciences

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Lindoff, Jenny. "Distribuerat beslutsfattande i en dynamisk militär miljö". Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-696.

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Människan ställs dagligen inför en mängd beslut. Att fatta beslut i dynamiska eller naturliga miljöer ställer höga krav på människan. Det är ofta mycket som står på spel, problemen är dåligt strukturerade, miljön är föränderlig och besluten måste fattas under tidspress. När flera personer ska beslut tillsammans kan beslutsfattandet organiseras på olika sätt t.ex. genom en demokratisk eller en hierarkisk organisationsstruktur. Denna rapport undersöker hurivida en hierarkisk organisationsstruktur är bättre lämpad än en demokratisk, för såväl experter som noviser, vid distribuerat beslutsfattande i en dynamisk militär domän. En experimentell studie genomfördes med studenter och officerare i en mikrovärld som skapats utifrån ett kommersiellt krigsstrategispel. I grupper om fyra personer skulle försöksdeltagarna utföra två militära uppdrag. Resultatet visar att studenterna eliminerade signifikant fler fiender än officerarna. Inga andra signifikanta skillnader erhölls. Resultatet kan ha påverkats av ett antal faktorer, studenterna hade t.ex. större vana av datorer, PC-spel och strategispel än officerarna.

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VanPelt, Jamie L. "NMR Studies of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase-2 Inhibition and Structural Characterization of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase Variants and Ligand Complexes". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1542725553898546.

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Mhaya, Amel. "Analyse de la résistance aux antibiotiques chez les entérobactéries et étude d’une potentielle voie alternative aux traitements antibiotiques". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0420.

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L’augmentation des bactéries multirésistantes (BMR) aux antibiotiques est un problème majeur de santé publique. Le premier objectif de la thèse a été de rechercher la présence, peu documentée, de BMR dans la communauté en Tunisie. Pour la première fois, nous isolons une Klebsiella pneumoniae de séquence type ST147 productrice de la carbapénèmase NDM-1 dans ce milieu, à Sfax. Nos données indiquent aussi une proportion inhabituellement élevée (47%) d’Escherichia coli produisant deux ß-lactamases à spectre élargi. Quatre d’entre eux, avec CTX-M-15 et CTX-M-27, se divisent en 2 souches clonales de type A-ST617 (2 isolats) et B2-ST131 subclade C2 (2 isolats). Toutes contiennent un plasmide avec la même combinaison allélique, F31:A4:B1 ; suggérant une possible dissémination de ce réplicon. Lors d’une autre étude (milieu communautaire, Djerba), une souche clonale Eh22 d’Enterobacter hormaechei multirésistante, contenant un plasmide conjugatif IncHI2 de 300 kpb, a été isolée chez 2 patients sans lien épidémiologique apparent. Le plasmide a été séquencé et montre la présence de différents gènes de résistance incluant 4 gènes codant pour des ß-lactamases (blaTEM-1, blaDHA-1, blaCTX-M-3 et blaSHV-12). Dans une seconde partie, nous avons étudié chez Eh22 la résistance à la colistine (CS), antibiotique de dernier recours. Après avoir sélectionné un mutant in vitro, nous avons montré pour la première fois, chez Enterobacter spp, que cette résistance pouvait être due à une mutation dans le gène codant pour MgrB, un régulateur négatif du système à 2 composants PhoQP qui permet la synthèse de groupements cationiques sur le lipopolysaccharide, cible de la CS. Dans une dernière partie, des molécules de type bactériocines actives sur les BMR ont été recherchées à partir d’une collection de Bacillus thurengiensis. L’une d’elle, BUPM103, inhibe la croissance de BMR. Une analyse in silico a permis d’identifier le gène d’une potentielle bacthuricine F103 (11 kDa) qui a été produite dans E. coli. Le surnageant de sécrétion filtré a montré une activité d’inhibition de la croissance de K. pneumoniae multirésistante, contrairement au contrôle (sans sécrétion). Cette bacthuricine recombinante pourrait constituer une alternative thérapeutique pour le traitement des BMR
The increase of multidrug-resistant bacteria (BMR) to antibiotics is a major public health problem. The first objective of the thesis was to search for the presence of BMR, poorly documented in the community in Tunisia. For the first time, we isolate a Klebsiella pneumoniae belonging to the sequence type ST147 producing carbapenemase NDM-1 in this setting, at Sfax. Our data also indicate an unusually high proportion (47%) of Escherichia coli producing committally two extended-spectrum ß-lactamases. Four of them, with CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27, are divided into 2 clonal strains of type A-ST617 (2 isolates) and B2-ST131 subclade C2 (2 isolates). All contain a plasmid with the same allelic combination, F31: A4: B1; suggesting a possible dissemination of this replicon. In another study (community-based, Djerba), a multiresistant clonal strain Eh22 of Enterobacter hormaechei, containing a 300 kbp conjugative plasmid of IncHI2, was isolated from 2 patients without apparent epidemiological relationship. The plasmid was sequenced and shows the presence of different resistance genes including 4 genes encoding β-lactamases (blaTEM-1, blaDHA-1, blaCTX-M-3 and blaSHV-12). In a second part, we studied in Eh22, the resistance to colistin (CS), antibiotic of last resort. After selection of an in vitro mutant, we showed for the first time, in Enterobacter spp, that this resistance can be due to a mutation in the gene encoding MgrB, a negative regulator of the 2-component PhoQP system that allows the synthesis of cationic residues on lipopolysaccharide, target of CS. In the last part, bacteriocins-like molecules active on BMR were searched in a collection of Bacillus thurengiensis. One of them, BUPM103, inhibits the growth of BMR. The gene for a potential bacthuricin F103 (11 kDa) was identified by an in silico analysis and it was produced in E. coli. The filtered supernatant secretion showed a growth inhibitory activity against a multiresistant K. pneumoniae, in contrast to control (without secretion). This recombinant bacthuricine could constitute a therapeutic alternative for the BMR treatment

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Hasan, Badrul. "Antimicrobial Resistance and Production of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae from Birds in Bangladesh". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Klinisk mikrobiologi och infektionsmedicin, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-199686.

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The dissemination of members of the Enterobacteriaceae family with extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) has become a global concern. ESBLs and MBLs have been reported in humans, domestic animals, wildlife and the environment, and their isolation frequencies are increasing rapidly worldwide. Most studies have been performed in developed countries and quite few in developing countries, where the antibiotic consumption is often poorly controlled. To explore the environmental contamination of antibiotic resistance in Bangladesh, and of ESBLs and MBLs in particular, fecal samples from poultry and wild birds were studied in this thesis. Samples were collected from both sick birds (poultry having Escherichia coli infections) and healthy birds (free-range poultry, seagulls and crows) residing in different environmental niches. Samples from patients and fresh/sea water were included, to follow the chain of antibiotic resistance in bacteria from humans to the environment. Information regarding the antibiotic usage in poultry production was also collected. The susceptibility of avian E. coli isolates cultured with and without selective pressure was tested against antibiotics commonly used in human and veterinary medicine in Bangladesh. Special attention was paid to ESBL-producing isolates, which were further characterized genetically. The results of the studies showed that E. coli isolates from commercial poultry, free-range poultry, gulls and crows were resistant to several classes of antibiotics, and that the level and spectrum of antibiotic resistance varied between different bird populations. There was no NDM-producer found among the birds, but ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae could be found in up to 59% of the crows, the birds with the highest carriage rate of multiresistant Enterobacteriaceae of all bird species studied. The most common ESBL-type was CTX-M-15, which also is the most common in the human population in Bangladesh. Birds also shared clinically important sequence types with humans, including E. coli clone O25b-ST131. In conclusion, ESBL-producing bacteria with multiresistance are easily spread to wild birds. Their opportunistic feeding behavior at poorly managed hospital waste dumps and nearby water bodies makes them into both reservoirs and active spreaders. The high level of antibiotic resistant and ESBL-producing bacteria in the bird population of Bangladesh is worrying, and there is no easy solution in sight. Nationwide programs are necessary to both improve the management of hospital waste and sewage and the control of the antibiotic usage to prevent further environmental contamination.

Time of defence has been changed to 09:00 am on 2013-05-27

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Kolbeinsson, Ari. "Visualising uncertainty in aircraft cockpits : Is icon degradation an appropriate visualisation form". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-8342.

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Visualising uncertainty information has been a research area for the past decade or so, and this thesis contains the results of an experiment that examines whether prior research on icon degradation for showing uncertainty can be used in a simulated aircraft cockpit environment. Using icon degradation has been suggested as being effective to combat overconfidence bias, as well as to accurately convey information about uncertainty. Two icon sets using icon degradation were taken from prior research, and one new icon set using shape change and colour change was created for comparison. Subjects flew a flight simulator while reading icons to evaluate the uncertainty displayed, and also evaluating their own confidence in their reading. The results show that shape change leads to much higher accuracy in reading icons, and slightly higher levels of confidence. Furthermore, icon degradation results in a higher variance in reading icons and an increase in errors when no time-pressure or distraction is present. This suggests that the suitability of icon degradation for showing uncertainty is questionable in all situations, and that other design approaches such as shape change should be considered. Furthermore, problems were uncovered in the prior research that the old icons were taken from, and these problems call into question the general approach used in that research. Keywords: Uncertainty visualisation, Naturalistic decision-making, NDM, Aviation, Aircraft cockpit, Decision support, Situation assessment, Threat assessment.

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Peinnequin, André. "La nadh : ubiquinone oxydoréductase de la bactérie photosynthétique Rhodobacter capsulatus : étude et caractérisation de 5 gènes (nuo8, nuo10, nuo11, nuo12 et nuo13) homologues aux gènes mitochondriaux nd1, nd6, nd4L, nd5 et nd4". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10177.

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Recemment, deux genes (nuo8, nuo9) de la bacterie photosynthetique rhodobacter capsulatus, codant des proteines analogues aux sous-unites nd1 et tyky de la nadh:ubiquinone oxydoreductase bovine (complexe l) ont ete clones. Une mini-banque d'adn genomique de la bacterie r. Capsulatus a ete construite dans le vecteur lamdagem-11 pour explorer les regions de l'adn adjacentes aux genes nuo8 et nuo9. Le dechiffrage de la sequence d'un fragment d'adn de 4. 915 pb, localise a portee immediate du gene nuo9, a permis de mettre en evidence 4 genes (nuo10, nuo11, nuo12, nuo13) codant des proteines hydrophobes respectivement analogues aux sous-unites nd6, nd4l, nd5 et nd4 du complexe l mitochondrial. Des souches mutantes de r. Capsulatus ont ete obtenues par insertion d'une cassette de resistance a la kanamycine dans les genes nuo8 et nuo12. Ces mutations retentissent sur le developpement de la bacterie: le developpement aerobie est fortement ralenti, le developpement photoheterotrophique necessite du co#2, les bacteries ne se developpent pas en photoautotrophie. La caracterisation polarographique et biochimique des souches mutantes montre l'absence totale d'activite nadh:ubiquinone oxydoreductase. Les spectres rpe, realises sur les membranes des souches mutantes reduites par le dithionite montrent l'absence des signatures caracteristiques des centres fe-s du complexe l de la bacterie. Ces resultats demontrent que le locus nuo de r. Capsulatus, code pour la nadh:ubiquinone oxydoreductase de la bacterie. La destruction de l'un ou l'autre des genes nuo8 et nuo12 entraine l'absence d'assemblage du complexe l dans la membrane bacterienne. Le retentissement des mutations sur le developpement bacterien est attribue a des perturbations de la balance redox

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Ågersten, Alexandra. "Diagnosis of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) : analysis of MT-ND1, MT-ND4 and MT-ND6 in patients with LHON". Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-109492.

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Leber´s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a disease affecting vision, is caused by several point mutations in mitochondrial DNA. Mutations leading to a defect NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase protein will affect the respiratory chain and cause a disturbed ATP production. It is still unknown why this defect leads to the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and cells in the opticus nerve as well as demyelination of axons in these areas. Analysis of mitochondrial DNA is an important tool in the diagnosis of the disease. At the present time analysis is based on cleavage by restriction enzymes, which only detects two of the most frequent mutations: m.3460G>A and m.11778G>A. This is far too few considering that more than 30 mutations are known to be associated with LHON. Therefore a new analysis method is requested. Here we describe a method based on the sequencing of the mitochondrial genes MT-ND1, MT-ND4 and MT-ND6, which will detect more than 15 different point mutations associated with the disease. To validate the analysis, DNA from 31 patients with LHON symptoms were sequenced; of these 10 were found to be positive for a LHON mutation. This result indicates that the sequencing analysis will be more effective in diagnosis of LHON than restriction enzymes.

Lebers hereditära optikus neuropati (LHON) är en sjukdom som beror på genetiska förändringar i arvsmassan som leder till att cellens energiomsättning rubbas. Detta gör att nervceller i ögat och synnerven bryts ned vilket leder till en synnedsättning. En patient som drabbas av LHON har inga symptom fram till dess att synen börjar försämras. Sjukdomsförloppet går snabbt och på bara några veckor är patienten ofta helt blind. Diagnostik av LHON idag utgörs av flera undersökningar av öga och synfält. Diagnosen bekräftas av en analys av arvsmassan som finns i mitokondrien, cellens energifabrik. Här beskriver vi en ny förbättrad analysmetod baserad på DNA sekvensering, dvs. bestämning av baserna i mitokondriella arvsmassan. För att utvärdera analysen har vi undersökt 31 patienter med misstänkt LHON - av dessa visade sig 10 bära på en sjuklig förändring. Resultatet visar att sekvensering med fördel kan ersätta den tidigare analysmetoden då fler sjukliga förändringar kan påvisas och utförandet av analysen är mer användarvänligt.

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Caparachin, Gonzáles María Victoria, i Zamalloa Jhosselin María Mallqui. "Identificación de genes: betalactamasas de espectro extendido (Tem y Shv) y carbapenemasas (Ndm Y Kpc), en cepas de klebsiella pneumoniae en un hospital de nivel IV de Lima Metropolitana, Perú". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/14129.

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Detecta la presencia de genes: betalactamasas de espectro extendido (TEM Y SHV) y carbapenemasas (NDM Y KPC) en cepas de Klebsiella pneumoniae. El estudio es de tipo observacional, descriptivo; se recolectaron 50 aislamientos de Klebsiella pneumoniae procedentes del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, las cepas fueron de origen rectal y sistémico aisladas durante el periodo de abril-mayo del 2018. Los métodos fenotípicos utilizados para la detección de BLEE fueron el método basado en la utilización de inhibidores de betalactamasas y el método de disco combinado y para carbapenemasas fueron el método modificado de inactivación de carbapenemasas, la sinergia a doble disco con ácido fenilborónico y la sinergia a doble disco con EDTA asociado a mercaptoacetato de sodio. La detección genotípica se hizo mediante la técnica de PCR convencional. El análisis fenotípico evidenció que 2% de las cepas en estudio poseían betalactamasas de espectro extendido y 98% carbapenemasas de las cuales 96% fueron positivas para metalobetalactamasas y 2% para enzimas carbapenemasas tipo A; el análisis genotípico evidenció que el 40% de las cepas portaban el gen SHV, 80 % portaba el gen TEM, 84% portaba el gen NDM, 2% portaba el gen KPC, el 4% de las cepas no portaban ninguno de los cuatro genes estudiados, cabe resaltar que dentro de estos resultados también se evidenció que el 16% de las cepas portaban un solo gen, el 48% eran coportadoras de dos genes, el 30% eran coportadoras de tres genes y 2% era coportadora de los cuatro genes. Las cepas en estudio de K. pneumoniae del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen son portadoras de los genes TEM, SHV, KPC y NDM, siendo este último el de mayor prevalencia.
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Cheong, Kuan Yew, i n/a. "Silicon Carbide as the Nonvolatile-Dynamic-Memory Material". Griffith University. School of Microelectronic Engineering, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050115.101233.

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This thesis consists of three main parts, starting with the use of improved nitridation processes to grow acceptable quality gate oxides on silicon carbide (SiC)[1][7], to the comprehensive investigation of basic electron-hole generation process in 4H SiC-based metaloxidesemiconductor (MOS) capacitors [8], [9], and concluding with the experimental demonstration and analysis of nonvolatile characteristics of 4H SiC-based memory devices [10][15]. In the first part of the thesis, two improved versions of nitridation techniques have been introduced to alleviate oxide-growth rate and toxicity problems. Using a combination of nitridation and oxidation processes, a sandwich technique (nitridationoxidationnitridation) has been proposed and verified to solve the lengthy and expensive oxide-growing process in direct nitric oxide (NO) gas [1]. The nitrogen source from the toxic-NO gas has been replaced by using a nontoxic nitrous oxide (N2O) gas. The best combination of process parameters in this gas is oxide-growing temperature at 1300oC with 10% N2O [2], [3]. The quality of nitrided gate oxides obtained by this technique is lower than the sandwich technique [6], [13]. Using 4H SiC-based MOS with nitrided gate oxides grown by either of the abovementioned nitridation techniques, the fundamentals of electron-hole generation have been investigated using high-temperature capacitancetransient measurements. The contributions of carrier generation, occurring at room temperature, in the bulk and at the SiCSiO2 interface are evaluated and compared using a newly developed method [8], [9]. The effective bulk-generation rates are approximately equal for both types of nitrided oxides, whereas the effective surface-generation rates have been shown to exhibit very strong dependencies on the methods of producing the nitrided gate oxide. Based on analysis, the prevailing generation component in a SiC-based MOS capacitor with nitrided gate oxide is at SiCSiO2 interface located below the gate. Utilizing the understanding of electron-hole generation in SiC, the nonvolatile characteristics of memory device fabricated on SiC have been explored. The potential of developing a SiC-based one-transistor one-capacitor (1T/1C) nonvolatile-dynamic memory (NDM) has been analyzed using SiC-based MOS capacitors as storage elements or test structures. Three possible leakage mechanisms have been evaluated [10][16]: (1) leakage via MOS capacitor dielectric, (2) leakage due to electron-hole generation in a depleted MOS capacitor, and (3) junction leakage due to generation current occurred at a reverse-biased pn junction surrounding the drain region of a select metaloxide semiconductor fieldeffecttransistor (MOSFET). Among them, leakage through capacitor oxide remains an important factor that could affect the nonvolatile property in the proposed device, whereas others leakage mechanisms are insignificant. Based on the overall results, the potential of developing a SiC-based 1T/1C NDM is encouraging.

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Cheong, Kuan Yew. "Silicon Carbide as the Nonvolatile-Dynamic-Memory Material". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367177.

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This thesis consists of three main parts, starting with the use of improved nitridation processes to grow acceptable quality gate oxides on silicon carbide (SiC)[1]–[7], to the comprehensive investigation of basic electron-hole generation process in 4H SiC-based metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) capacitors [8], [9], and concluding with the experimental demonstration and analysis of nonvolatile characteristics of 4H SiC-based memory devices [10]–[15]. In the first part of the thesis, two improved versions of nitridation techniques have been introduced to alleviate oxide-growth rate and toxicity problems. Using a combination of nitridation and oxidation processes, a sandwich technique (nitridation–oxidation–nitridation) has been proposed and verified to solve the lengthy and expensive oxide-growing process in direct nitric oxide (NO) gas [1]. The nitrogen source from the toxic-NO gas has been replaced by using a nontoxic nitrous oxide (N2O) gas. The best combination of process parameters in this gas is oxide-growing temperature at 1300oC with 10% N2O [2], [3]. The quality of nitrided gate oxides obtained by this technique is lower than the sandwich technique [6], [13]. Using 4H SiC-based MOS with nitrided gate oxides grown by either of the abovementioned nitridation techniques, the fundamentals of electron-hole generation have been investigated using high-temperature capacitance–transient measurements. The contributions of carrier generation, occurring at room temperature, in the bulk and at the SiC–SiO2 interface are evaluated and compared using a newly developed method [8], [9]. The effective bulk-generation rates are approximately equal for both types of nitrided oxides, whereas the effective surface-generation rates have been shown to exhibit very strong dependencies on the methods of producing the nitrided gate oxide. Based on analysis, the prevailing generation component in a SiC-based MOS capacitor with nitrided gate oxide is at SiC–SiO2 interface located below the gate. Utilizing the understanding of electron-hole generation in SiC, the nonvolatile characteristics of memory device fabricated on SiC have been explored. The potential of developing a SiC-based one-transistor one-capacitor (1T/1C) nonvolatile-dynamic memory (NDM) has been analyzed using SiC-based MOS capacitors as storage elements or test structures. Three possible leakage mechanisms have been evaluated [10]–[16]: (1) leakage via MOS capacitor dielectric, (2) leakage due to electron-hole generation in a depleted MOS capacitor, and (3) junction leakage due to generation current occurred at a reverse-biased pn junction surrounding the drain region of a select metal–oxide– semiconductor field–effect–transistor (MOSFET). Among them, leakage through capacitor oxide remains an important factor that could affect the nonvolatile property in the proposed device, whereas others leakage mechanisms are insignificant. Based on the overall results, the potential of developing a SiC-based 1T/1C NDM is encouraging.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Microelectronic Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
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Pilblad, Marcus. "Beslut på liv och död : Naturalistiskt beslutsfattande på strategisk nivå". Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-6180.

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This thesis aims to expand our knowledge about Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) in strategic decision-making. A case study of the Cuban missile crisis has been conducted. The purpose of the case study is to enhance knowledge about how NDM can be performed on a strategic level. The thesis aims to answer the questions how the crisis can be explained from a NDM-perspective, which decisions is likely to be made in a NDM-manner. In what way decision-makers can be said to be experts or experienced decision-makers and what we can learn from the Cuban missile crisis in respect to NDM. No earlier research has been identified that has performed this kind of case study. The main theory in this thesis is NDM and mainly the part of NDM that is called Recognition Primed Decision (RPD) by Klein. As a complement the so called STEP-procedure (Story, Test, Evaluate, Plan) by Cohen is used as an indicator alongside RPD. The result of the case study shows that many decisions during the Cuban missile crisis may have been performed in a naturalistic manner. This shows that decisions on the strategic level may be performed in a naturalistic manner with good results and indicates the importance of utilizing more than rational decision making in order to achieve fast and satisfying results. It is the author beliefs that decision making will be much improved by applying more NDM.

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Briet, Arnaud. "Étude de la flore bactérienne et de sa résistance aux antibiotiques des produits de la pêche et de l'aquaculture". Thesis, Littoral, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018DUNK0494/document.

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La résistance aux antibiotiques est un enjeu de santé publique mondiale. L'alimentation est une des voies de contamination des bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques entre l'environnement et l'Homme. Toutefois, les données concernant les bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques dans les produits aquatiques sont rares. L'objectif de ces travaux a été d'étudier la flore bactérienne et sa résistance aux antibiotiques dans les produits de la pêche et de l'aquaculture. Dans un premier temps, la flore bactérienne mésophile cultivable a été isolée de 9 matrices différentes puis identifiée par la technique MALDI-TOF et/ou du séquençage de différents gènes de ménage. Au final, 1882 isolats bactériens ont été obtenus, et 150 espèces et 57 genres bactériens ont été identifiés. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons étudié la résistance aux antibiotiques des genres bactériens les plus fréquemment isolés de ces produits. La résistance aux antibiotiques des genres Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Exiguobacterium, Pseudomonas, Vibrio et Proteus a donc été étudiée. Au total, 46% des isolats étaient résistants aux antibiotiques et 3% étaient multi-résistants. Les crevettes étaient le produit dans lequel le plus de souches résistantes aux antibiotiques ont été identifiée. Et dans un troisième temps, la résistance aux antibiotiques d'une collection de souche de Vibrio parahaemolyticus, espèce bactérienne pathogène alimentaire pour l'homme, a été étudiée. Concernant V. parahaemolyticus, 15% des souches étaient résistantes et 3% des souches étaient multi-résistantes. Une souche, 16-B3PA-006, isolées de crevettes importées d'Asie du Sud-Est produisait une carbapénèmase NDM-1 et était résistante à 5 classes d'antibiotiques
Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to global public health. Human can be contaminated by antibiotic resistant bacteria through food. However, data on antimicrobial resistant bacteria in seafood are scarce. The aim of this thesis was to study seafood bacterial flora and its antimicrobial resistance. First, mesophilic flora was obtained from 9 matrixes and MALDI-TOF and housekeeping genes sequencing technics were used to identify isolates. Antimicrobial resistance of most frequently bacteria were tested. In total, 1882 isolates were obtained and 150 bacterial species and 57 genera were identified. Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Exiguobacterium, Pseudomonas, Vibrio and Proteus were most frequently isolated and their antimicrobial resistance was studied. Antibiotic resistant bacteria accounted for 46% of isolates and multidrug resistant bacteria accounted for 3% of isolates. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria were mostly isolated from shrimps. On a side study, antimicrobial resistance of a V.parahaemolyticus strain collection isolated from seafood was characterized. Antimicrobial resistant strains accounted for 15% and multi-drug resistant bacteria accounted for 3%. A NDM-1-producing multidrug resistant strain, 16-B3PA-006 was identified from shrimps imported from South-East Asia

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Shan, Yixing. "Decision making study : methods and applications of evidential reasoning and judgment analysis". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17330.

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Decision making study has been the multi-disciplinary research involving operations researchers, management scientists, statisticians, mathematical psychologists and economists as well as others. This study aims to investigate the theory and methodology of decision making research and apply them to different contexts in real cases. The study has reviewed the literature of Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), Evidential Reasoning (ER) approach, Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) movement, Social Judgment Theory (SJT), and Adaptive Toolbox (AT) program. On the basis of these literatures, two methods, Evidence-based Trade-Off (EBTO) and Judgment Analysis with Heuristic Modelling (JA-HM), have been proposed and developed to accomplish decision making problems under different conditions. In the EBTO method, we propose a novel framework to aid people s decision making under uncertainty and imprecise goal. Under the framework, the imprecise goal is objectively modelled through an analytical structure, and is independent of the task requirement; the task requirement is specified by the trade-off strategy among criteria of the analytical structure through an importance weighting process, and is subject to the requirement change of a particular decision making task; the evidence available, that could contribute to the evaluation of general performance of the decision alternatives, are formulated with belief structures which are capable of capturing various format of uncertainties that arise from the absence of data, incomplete information and subjective judgments. The EBTO method was further applied in a case study of Soldier system decision making. The application has demonstrated that EBTO, as a tool, is able to provide a holistic analysis regarding the requirements of Soldier missions, the physical conditions of Soldiers, and the capability of their equipment and weapon systems, which is critical in domain. By drawing the cross-disciplinary literature from NDM and AT, the JA-HM extended the traditional Judgment Analysis (JA) method, through a number of novel methodological procedures, to account for the unique features of decision making tasks under extreme time pressure and dynamic shifting situations. These novel methodological procedures include, the notion of decision point to deconstruct the dynamic shifting situations in a way that decision problem could be identified and formulated; the classification of routine and non-routine problems, and associated data alignment process to enable meaningful decision data analysis across different decision makers (DMs); the notion of composite cue to account for the DMs iterative process of information perception and comprehension in dynamic task environment; the application of computational models of heuristics to account for the time constraints and process dynamics of DMs decision making process; and the application of cross-validation process to enable the methodological principle of competitive testing of decision models. The JA-HM was further applied in a case study of fire emergency decision making. The application has been the first behavioural test of the validity of the computational models of heuristics, in predicting the DMs decision making during fire emergency response. It has also been the first behavioural test of the validity of the non-compensatory heuristics in predicting the DMs decisions on ranking task. The findings identified extend the literature of AT and NDM, and have implications for the fire emergency decision making.

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Bergstrom, Alexander R. "SPECTROSCOPIC AND MECHANISTIC STUDIES OF METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE INHIBITORS AND THE STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP OF NEW DELHI METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE VARIANTS". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1524154064246174.

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Le, Guern Rémi. "Colonisation digestive par entérobactéries productrices de carbapénémase dans un modèle murin : aggravation de la pneumopathie à Pseudomonas aeruginosa". Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S033.

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L’altération du microbiote digestif provoquée par une antibiothérapie augmente le risque de colonisation par des bactéries multirésistantes. Dans un modèle murin, nous avons étudié l’impact d’une colonisation digestive par entérobactéries productrices de carbapénémase (EPC) sur la sévérité d’une pneumopathie à Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Les souris colonisées par EPC présentaient une pneumopathie plus sévère (score clinique et perméabilité alvéolo-capillaire), ainsi qu’une mortalité plus élevée par rapport aux groupes contrôles ou ayant simplement reçu une injection de clindamycine. Une transplantation de microbiote fécal restaurait le pronostic. Les cellules dendritiques et les lymphocytes T CD4 étaient diminués au niveau pulmonaire dans le groupe colonisé par EPC. Au niveau du microbiote digestif, on observait une quasi-extinction des Muribaculaceae associée à une expansion du genre Hungatella chez les souris colonisées par EPC. Certains métabolites du tryptophane potentiellement impliqués dans la réponse immunitaire étaient modifiés dans le groupe colonisé par EPC. Une colonisation digestive asymptomatique peut ainsi entraîner des effets délétères sur la réponse de l’hôte
Antibiotics disrupt the gut microbiota, and are considered a risk factor of colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In a murine model, we studied the impact of digestive colonization with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) on the severity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Mice colonized by CPE presented a more severe pneumonia (clinical score and alveolocapillary permeability) and a higher mortality compared to controls or mice that received only clindamycin. Fecal microbiota transplant was associated with better outcomes. After infection by P. aeruginosa, lung dendritic cells and CD4 T lymphocytes were decreased in mice colonized by CPE. Gut microbiota was specifically altered in mice colonized by CPE: Muribaculaceae relative abundance was greatly reduced, associated with an expansion of the Hungatella genus. Tryptophan metabolites were modified by CPE colonization. Asymptomatic digestive colonization with CPE had a detrimental effect on the host response to P. aeruginosa pneumonia

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Nordmark, Peter. "Control Modes In High-Speed Navigation : verifying a new protocol to evaluate team performance in terms of control modes in a joint cognitive system". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-96447.

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This thesis presents a study in which an attempt to verify a new protocol for evaluating team performance in terms of control was made, and this on teams performing navigation in high speed in real life, natural contexts. A second objective was to identify key factors for achieving control during high-speed navigation. The study was built upon the theories of Cognitive Systems Engineering and Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM). The study also made a first attempt to expand the protocol with the theories of NDM. A pilot test in the form of a field study was conducted upon military crews driving and navigating the Combat Boat 90H off the coast of Gothenburg, Sweden. The results of the study indicated both teams being in, at lowest, the tactical control mode, and one team occasionally making the transition to the strategic control mode. There were some methodological issues with using the protocol in real life, natural contexts and these were examined. In general, the protocol was found to be applicable in this field. Key factors for achieving control during high-speed navigation could not be properly identified because of contextual problems, but one possible factor was that the use of Hollnagel’s TETO principle appeared to increase control.
I denna rapport presenteras en studie vari ett försök har gjorts att verifiera ett nytt protokoll som utvärderar gruppers prestationsförmåga i termer av kontroll. Protokollet testades på grupper som utförde navigation i hög fart under verkliga och naturliga kontexter med ett andra syfte att identifiera nyckelfaktorer för att uppnå kontroll under navigering i hög fart. Studien byggde på teorier om Cognitive Systems Engineering och Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM). Denna studie var också ett första försök i att expandera protokollet med teorier om NDM. En pilotstudie med protokollet i formen av en fältstudie utfördes på militärbesättningar som körde och navigerade Stridsbåt 90H utanför Göteborgs kust. Studiens resultat indikerade att båda grupperna befann sig som lägst i den taktiska kontrollnivån varav en grupp vid enstaka några tillfällen uppnådde den strategiska kontrollnivån. Det uppstod en del metodologiska problem med att använda protokollet i en verklig och naturlig miljö vilket utvärderades i rapporten. Generellt så gick protokollet att använda på grupper som utförde navigering i hög fart. Nyckelfaktorer för att uppnå kontroll i under navigering i hög fart kunde inte väl identifieras på grund av kontextuella problem, men en möjlig nyckelfaktor ar användandet av Hollnagels TETO-princip, vilket verkade leda till en ökad kontrollnivå.

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Hagman, William. "Du Gjorde Vad!? : Naturligt Beslutsfattande och Intuition hos Experter". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69658.

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Att det idag finns flera metoder och modeller för att fatta beslut är inte konstigt då beslutsfattande sker varje dag och i vissa sammanhang kan ge ödesdigra konsekvenser om det blir fel. Denna kandidatuppsats kan ses som en förstudie för hur naturligt beslutsfattande skulle kunna stödjas genom en förbättrad utbildning till beslutsfattare. Uppsatsen ämnar behandla naturligt beslutsfattande och intuition hos experter inom räddningstjänsten, närmare bestämt om de använder intuition och i så fall vad som ligger till grund för denna intuition. Intervjuer utfördes på räddningstjänsten i Motala efter critical decision method som är framtagen för cognitive task analysis. Inom räddningstjänsten använder sig befälen av intuition när de tar det flesta av sina beslut i fält. Resultaten av intervjuerna pekar på att intuition verkar ske undermedvetet vilket ger stöd för recognition primed decision model, i kombination med negativa ledtrådar och hävstångspunkter.

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Martins, Valter. "Nem senhores, nem escravos". [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/27093.

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FERNANDES, Lorena Duarte. "Análise de alterações moleculares nos genes ND1 e ND3 em câncer de pulmão não pequenas células na população paraense". Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/9904.

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CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
O carcinoma broncopulmonar é o mais frequente em todo o mundo, sendo uma das neoplasias mais agressivas, possuindo uma razão mortalidade/incidência em torno de 90%, com sobrevida global em cinco anos baixa, cerca de 10 a 15%, na maioria das populações do mundo. Na Região Norte do Brasil, esta patologia é a terceira mais frequente entre os homens e a quarta entre as mulheres. Do ponto de vista anatomopatológico, o câncer de pulmão é classificado em dois tipos principais: pequenas células e não-pequenas células, sendo este último o mais incidente, respondendo por 75% dos casos. Atualmente, a distinção entre os subtipos se baseia em diferenças histológicas, imunohistoquímicas e moleculares. Nesse contexto, é importante ressaltar que as informações moleculares influenciam não só no diagnóstico, prognóstico, mas também na conduta terapêutica. Diversas alterações genéticas e epigenéticas do genoma nuclear estão relacionadas a patogênese deste tumor. Entretanto, alterações na fosforilação oxidativa resultantes da disfunção mitocondrial tem sido há muito tempo sugeridas como envolvidas no processo de tumorigênese. Dessa forma, o presente estudo analisou dois genes do DNA mitocondrial (ND1 e ND3) integrantes do complexo I da cadeia respiratória mitocondrial em 66 amostras de tecido pulmonar de pacientes com e sem câncer de pulmão não pequenas células na população do estado do Pará. Após a análise pelo sequenciamento, foram identificadas quatro alterações no gene ND1: C3553T, T3552A, C3595ins e G3666A e apenas duas alterações no gene ND3: A10398G e C10400T. Dentre as alterações encontradas no gene ND1, não foram observadas significância estatística em relação ao desenvolvimento do câncer de pulmão. Entretanto, foi descoberto uma alteração estrutural no gene ND1 na presença de C3595ins, ainda não descrita na literatura. Ao passo que, a presença do alelo A, observada em T3552A no gene ND1, foi associada de forma significativa ao um efeito protetor ao desenvolvimento de câncer de pulmão. Já alterações no gene ND3 (G10398A e T10400C) foram significantemente associadas com o câncer de pulmão, sendo estas alterações em ND3 potenciais para utilização como marcadores em pacientes com câncer de pulmão não pequenas células.
Bronchopulmonary carcinoma is the most frequent in the world, being one of the most aggressive neoplasms, with a mortality / incidence ratio of around 90%, with overall survival in five years low, about 10 to 15%, in most populations of the world. In the Northern Region of Brazil, this pathology is the third most frequent among men and the fourth among women. From the anatomopathological point of view, lung cancer is classified into two main types: small cells and non-small cells, the latter being the most incident, accounting for 75% of cases. Currently, the distinction between subtypes is based on histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular differences. In this context, it is important to emphasize that molecular information influences not only diagnosis, prognosis, but also therapeutic behavior. Several genetic and epigenetic alterations of the nuclear genome are related to the pathogenesis of this tumor. However, changes in oxidative phosphorylation resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction have long been suggested as involved in the process of tumorigenesis. Thus, the present study analyzed two mitochondrial DNA (ND1 and ND3) genes belonging to the I complex of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in 66 lung tissue samples from patients with and without non-small cell lung cancer in the population of the state of Pará. the sequencing analysis identified four alterations in the ND1 gene: C3553T, T3552A, C3595ins and G3666A and only two changes in the ND3 gene: A10398G and C10400T. Among the alterations found in the ND1 gene, no statistical significance was observed in relation to the development of lung cancer. However, a structural alteration in the ND1 gene was found in the presence of C3595ins, not yet described in the literature. Whereas, the presence of the A allele, observed in T3552A in the ND1 gene, was significantly associated with a protective effect on the development of lung cancer. Already changes in the ND3 gene (G10398A and T10400C) were significantly associated with lung cancer, these changes in ND3 being potential for use as markers in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

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Aitha, Mahesh Kumar. "SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES ON ACTIVE METALLO-ß-LACTAMASES". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1440671336.

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Silva, Marcus Vinícius da 1981. "Adoniran Barbosa = nem trabalho, nem malandragem". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270107.

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Orientador: Mário Luiz Frungillo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Este trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre os elementos temáticos e estéticos presentes nas canções de Adoniran Barbosa, essencialmente em suas letras, que despertaram interesse de seus mediadores no resgate do samba "autêntico", durante o processo de redefinição da MPB, que se deu entre os anos 60 e 70. Para isso, pretende-se observar as letras de suas canções presentes nos três primeiros elepês: Adoniran Barbosa 1974, Adoniran Barbosa 1975, e Adoniran e Convidados, de 1980. Esse recorte visa levantar quais foram os possíveis critérios de escolha das canções por seus produtores culturais, e analisar, a partir dos contextos político, econômico e sócio-cultural, que fatores possivelmente influenciaram na concepção de algumas dessas obras, bem como de que forma diversas dessas canções foram lidas e entendidas mais de vinte anos após serem compostas. A dissertação está dividida em duas partes. A primeira parte é composta por dois capítulos. O primeiro abrange a trajetória de análise da obra de Adoniran. Nesse capítulo, procura-se contextualizar o artista como parte do processo de racionalização da indústria cultural no Brasil - a partir dos conceitos frankfurtianos - e como esse processo, que acontece em concomitância com um momento de grandes tensões políticas e ideológicas, durante o regime militar, permite a consolidação de um cenário único e propício para a formação da MPB renovada. O resgate da figura de Adoniran nesse momento, na minha perspectiva, tem um significado político, ideológico e cultural bastante importante e singular no processo de construção e consolidação da música e da cultura brasileira. No segundo capítulo, pretende-se fazer um levantamento das principais críticas feitas sobre os álbuns que fazem parte do corpus da análise, essencialmente presentes em periódicos e nos encartes de seus elepês, com o objetivo de revelar de que maneira jornalistas, intelectuais e críticos de música influenciaram na constituição da presença de Adoniran na tradição do samba. Já a segunda parte da dissertação dedica-se à análise das canções presentes no corpus, procurando desenvolver, em dois capítulos diferentes, o caráter ambíguo das canções de Adoniran Barbosa inseridas em três debates recorrentes no contexto da MPB renovada: trabalho x malandragem; tradição x progresso; som local x som universal. No primeiro capítulo, o objetivo é realizar uma leitura das canções de Adoniran que refletem, do ponto de vista da recepção, um caráter de resistência à ordem vigente e à ética do trabalho, mas ao mesmo tempo caminham em rumo contrário ao discurso da malandragem tradicional dos sambas cariocas. É outra forma de resistência, que assume caráter de denúncia ao universo suburbano do trabalho. O segundo capítulo diz respeito essencialmente ao entendimento de uma postura crítica e contrária ao ideal de progresso assumido pela elite paulistana, que entendia São Paulo como a locomotiva do país desde o início do século. Ainda nesse capítulo, pretende-se desenvolver um debate estético e ideológico existente no cenário da música brasileira desse período, anos 60 e 70, tendo por um lado o som local, "autêntico" e "de raiz", representado pela MPB renovada, e o som universal, "inovador" e "moderno", representado pela Jovem Guarda e pela Tropicália
Abstract: This dissertation proposes an extended treatment on the aesthetic and thematic features of songs by Adoniran Barbosa, mainly in his lyrics, which led to interest of cultural agents in the rescue of the "authentic" samba, throughout the process of redefinition of MPB (Brazilian Popular Music), from the 60?s to the late 70?s. In order to do so, the song lyrics presented in his first three LPs were studied: Adoniran Barbosa 1974, Adoniran Barbosa 1975, and Adoniran and Guests 1980. In the period chosen we have questioned what the criteria for choosing the songs were, from the perspective of cultural producers, and analyzed possible influences in the composition of some of these works, according to political, economic and socio-cultural contexts, as well as how several of these songs have been read and understood over twenty years later. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part consists of two chapters. The first covers the line of development of Adoniran?s work. In this chapter, the artist is contextualized as part of the rationalization process of the cultural industry in Brazil - according to Frankfurt School concepts - and this process, which happens to coincide with a time of great political and ideological tension, during the military regime, is comprehended as the consolidation of a unique and conducive scenario that allows the formation of the renewed MPB. The rescue of the figure of Adoniran at that point, in my view, has a political, ideological and cultural meaning which is very important and unique in the construction and consolidation of Brazilian music and culture. In the second chapter, the main criticisms on the analyzed albums were studied, mostly from newspapers and LP inserts, with the objective to expose how journalists, intellectuals and music critics have influenced the constitution of Adoniran?s presence in the tradition of samba. The second part of the dissertation, also in two different chapters, is the analysis of the lyrics presented in the corpus, aiming to develop the ambiguous character of Adoniran Barbosa?s songs in relation to three recurring debates in the context of renewed MPB: work x truancy; tradition x progress; local sound x universal sound. In the first chapter, the goal is to read Adoniran songs, from a perspective of reception, as resistance to the existing order and work ethics, as they take an opposite direction from the traditional discourse of truancy presented in sambas from Rio. It's a way of resistance, which denounces the universe of suburban work. The second chapter is dedicated to the understanding of the São Paulo elite?s posture of criticism and opposition to an ideal of progress, as they believe the state to be "the locomotive of the country" since the beginning of the century. Also in this chapter, we have presented the aesthetical and ideological debate in the Brazilian music from that period, the 60's and the 70's: on one hand the local, "authentic" and "native/root" sound, represented by the renewed MPB; on the other, the universal, "innovative" and "modern" sound, represented by Jovem Guarda and Tropicália
Mestrado
Literatura e Outras Produções Culturais
Mestre em Teoria e História Literária

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Meurer, Cleusa Maria Antunes. "Creche domiciliar :: nem escola, nem família /". Florianópolis, SC, 1994. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/76168.

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Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação.
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Araújo, Clarice Fortunato. "Nem do cravo, nem da canela". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2014. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/128606.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2014
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Esta dissertação faz uma abordagem sobre a representação da mulher mestiça naliteratura, por meio da personagem central do romance Gabriela, cravo e canela,de Jorge Amado (1958). É importante investigar a retratação da mulher afrobrasileirana literatura porque os padrões aí apresentados são reproduzidossocialmente. A representação deturpada do negro na mídia generaliza adiscriminação racial, fator determinante da desigualdade social no Brasil, um paísamplamente miscigenado. Este estudo é muito oportuno, num momento deacirramento nas discussões em torno do estabelecimento das ações afirmativas,com cotas raciais nas universidades públicas do país. Até muito recentemente, apresença de negros e mulatos era praticamente nula na literatura e demais mídias,com exceção para vagas aparições, como coadjuvantes ou antagonistas.Atualmente, tem se fortalecido os debates sobre a importância de se resgatar ahistória e a cultura dos afrodescendentes, o que pode ser considerado um avanço,ainda que tardio. Por último, e igualmente relevante, é preciso destacar ascategorias gênero e classe, como fatores determinantes para discutir as questõesraciais no Brasil.

This paper presents an approach about the representation of women of mixed racein literature, through the main character of the novel "Gabriela, cravo e canela" byJorge Amado (1958). It is important to investigate the portrayal of African-Brazilian women in literature because the patterns presented there are sociallyplayed back. The misrepresentation of black people on the media generalizes racialdiscrimination, a determinant factor of social inequality in Brazil, a country widelymixed. This study is very timely, at a time of discussion intensification aroundaffirmative action establishment, with racial quotas in public universities in thecountry. Until very recently, the presence of black people and mulattos werevirtually zero in literature and other media, except for vague appearances, asadjuncts or antagonists. Currently, the debate on the importance of rescuingAfrican descent history and culture has strengthened, which can be considered abreakthrough, albeit late. Finally, and equally important, the categories gender andclass must be highlighted as determinant factors to discuss racial issues in Brazil.

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Summers, Ryan Michael. "Metabolism, enzymology, and genetic characterization of caffeine degradation by pseudomonas putida CBB5". Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3389.

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A novel caffeine-degrading bacterium, Pseudomonas putida CBB5 was isolated from the soil by an enrichment procedure using caffeine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. CBB5 grew not only on caffeine, theobromine, paraxanthine, and 7-methylxanthine as sole carbon and nitrogen sources, but also on theophylline and 3-methylxanthine. Analyses of metabolites in spent media, resting cell suspensions, and crude cell extracts confirmed that CBB5 degraded caffeine via N-demethylation to theobromine (major metabolite) and paraxanthine (minor metabolite). These dimethylxanthines were further N-demethylated to xanthine via 7-methylxanthine. A previously unreported pathway for N-demethylation of theophylline to 1- and 3-methylxanthines, followed by further N-demethylation to xanthine, was also discovered in CBB5. A 240 kDa, Fe2+-dependent N-demethylase (Ndm) was purified from CBB5 by traditional chromatographic techniques. Ndm was composed of NdmA (40 kDa) and NdmB (35 kDa), which could not be resolved further. Ndm was active only in the presence of a partially purified protein which exhibited cytochrome c reductase activity (Ccr). Ccr transfered reducing equivalents from NAD(P)H to Ndm, which catalyzed an oxygen-dependent N-demethylation of methylxanthines to xanthine, formaldehyde and water. Ndm displayed N-demethylation activity toward all substrates in the caffeine and theophylline metabolic pathways. Ndm was deduced to be a Rieske [2Fe-2S]-domain-containing non-heme iron oxygenase base on its distinct absorption spectrum and significant identity of NdmA and NdmB sequences of other Rieske non-heme iron proteins. The ndmA- and ndmB- gene sequences were determined and cloned individually into the pET32a expression vector as C-terminal His-tagged proteins. Both NdmA-His and NdmB-His proteins were purified using a Ni-NTA column. NdmA-His, in conjunction with Ccr, was capable of N-demethylating caffeine, theophylline, paraxanthine, and 1-methylxanthine to theobromine, 3-methylxanthine, 7-methylxanthine, and xanthine, respectively, suggesting that NdmA-His is a specific N-1-demethylase. Similarly, NdmB-His was determined to be a specific N-3-demethylase, as it was capable of N-demethylating caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, and 3-methylxanthine to paraxanthine, 1-methylxanthine, 7-methylxanthine, and xanthine, respectively. N-demethylation activity of 7-methylxanthine to xanthine (putative NdmC) co-eluted with the partially purified Ccr fraction. This is the first report of multiple, highly positional-specific, Rieske, non-heme iron N-demethylase enzymes for bacterial metabolism of purine alkaloids.

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Brígido, Anúzia Gabrielle Cavalcante. "Sobre Górgias : nem ser nem não-ser". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/19904.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, 2016.
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O presente trabalho pretende fazer uma interpretação do pensamento de Górgias, a partir da tradução e comentário de três dos seus textos: Sobre o Não-ser (nas suas duas versões), Elogio a Helena e Defesa de Palamedes. Pretendemos, mais especificamente, investigar a oposição de Górgias à identificação imediata entre realidade/verdade, pensamento e discurso. Julgamos que os três textos se conectam e possuem uma coerência no que diz respeito às concepções apresentadas sobre o nexo entre realidade, conhecimento e discurso. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This dissertation aims to make an interpretation of Gorgias’thought, starting from a translation and a commentary of three of his writings: On Not-Being (in two versions), Encomium of Helen and Defense of Palamedes. It aims, in particular, to investigate Gorgias opposition to the immediate identification between reality/truth, thought and discurse. We believe that the three texts are connected and coherent on the views they show about the link between reality, knowledge and discourse.

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Medeiros, Ana Lucia Gomes. "Nem dentro, nem fora : uma abordagem critica". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1995. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/76344.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão
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Os artigos de Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda, publicados no Jornal do Brasil, no período de 1979 a 1983, foram objeto deste trabalho. A sua leitura possibilitou a formulação de hipóteses acerca da trajetória e da produção de crítica da cultura que a intelectual vem desempenhando.Foi,portanto, lendo seus artigos em jornais e cruzando-os com outras leituras, quer da autora, quer de outros intelectuais, que foi possível perceber as estratégias de reconhecimento e consagração com que a autora constituiu seu papel dentro do campo intelectual.

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Roncato, Juliana Foletto Fredo. "Estudo associativo entre polimorfismos nos genes ND2 e ND3 que codificam para subunidades da NADH desidrogenase em DNA mitocondrial de pacientes esquizofrênicos". Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/1373.

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A esquizofrenia é uma doença neuropsiquiátrica que afeta cerca de 1% da população mundial e que, devido aos seus diversos sintomas, acarreta um enorme custo social direto (hospitalizações, atendimentos, medicações) e indireto (improdutividade, repercussões familiares). Os estudos de genética populacional indicam que a esquizofrenia tenha um componente genético relevante além da influência do ambiente. Neste sentido, além de estudos no DNA nuclear, têm sido investigadas as alterações no DNA Mitocondrial (mtDNA). O mtDNA apresenta herança materna, e por isso é muito útil em estudos populacionais. Estudos com doenças neurodegenerativas como a doença de Parkinson e a doença de Alzheimer sugerem que, ao menos em parte, o mtDNA contribua para suas etiologias. Manifestações neuropsiquiátricas características de encefalopatias mitocondriais causadas por mutações do mtDNA são convulsões, demência e dor de cabeça. Além disso, um estado confusional agudo, com alguns sintomas semelhantes aos que ocorrem na esquizofrenia (desorganização mental e alucinações), às vezes é observado em MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes), uma encefalopatia mitocondrial típica. Dessa forma, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi averiguar uma possível associação entre polimorfismos A4769G e A10398G de mtDNA, que já foram descritos como predisponentes a outras doenças neuropsiquiátricas, com o desenvolvimento da esquizofrenia. Os polimorfismos A4769G e A10398G estão respectivamente localizados nos genes ND2 e ND3, que codificam para subunidades 2 e 3 da NADH Desidrogenase. Para relacionar esses polimorfismos com a esquizofrenia, testamos 76 pacientes esquizofrênicos quanto à ocorrência ou não destas variantes polimórficas no mtDNA e comparamos com as amostras de 88 controles sadios. Esses polimorfismos foram analisados utilizado-se o seqüenciador automático de DNA “MegaBACE” 1000 (GE Healthcare™) do Centro de Biologia Genômica e Molecular da PUCRS. Os cromatogramas gerados pela corrida eletroforética das reações de seqüenciamento foram analisadas no programa Chromas para determinar a ocorrência ou não da variação polimórfica. Quanto à análise estatística, foi realizado teste do qui-quadrado para variáveis categóricas. O nível de significância estatística foi p ≤ 0,05.Em relação ao polimorfismo A4769G, foram analisadas amostras de 76 pacientes dos quais 61 (80,3%) apresentaram o alelo G e 15 (19,7%) apresentaram o alelo A nesta posição. Das 88 amostras de controles analisadas, obtivemos 82 (93,2%) com o alelo G e 6 (6,8%) com o alelo A (Qui-quadrado p=0,014, Odds ratio=2. 895). Em relação ao polimorfismo A10398G, dos 62 pacientes analisados, 17 (27,4%) apresentaram o alelo G e 45 (72,6%) o alelo A. Dos 76 controles, 34 (44,7%) apresentaram a presença do alelo mutante G e 42 (55,3%) apresentaram o alelo A para esta posição (Qui-quadrado p=0,036, Odds ratio=1. 313). O estudo mostra diferenças estatisticamente significativas na freqüência dos sistemas polimórficos estudados entre pacientes esquizofrênicos e controles. Estudos adicionais são necessários para avaliar sua relevância do ponto de vista funcional.

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Borges, Elisa de Campos. "O projeto da via chilena ao socialismo do PC chileno: nem revisionismo,nem evolucionismo, nem refornismo, nem cópias mecânicas". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12725.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This work have as purpose to know, to comprehend and to attend the effort for the introduction of the project the chilean way to socialism idealized by the Communist Party of Chile. This project has purposed the passage from chilean capitalist regime to socialism based on the maintance of the establishment, without insurrections or armed conflicts. Such formulation had a great repercussion in the political project of the Popular Unity, wich had conducted Salvador Allende to Presidency of the Republic in 1970. To accomplish this research it was made use of a bibliography as source about the Popular Unity and about the subject of our research, many documents from the Communist Party, and personal witness by the same way, which constitutes oral source for the studies in History. In the Introduction, we had made a characterization from the Communist Party and from the original project of this research, that will be separated into the first and the second chapters, such as a chilean political and economical contextualization. In Chapter I we had upraised some arguments occurred about the peaceful way to socialism. We had tried even to identify the political development of the Comunist Party along it s policy of alliances and it s fundaments in several presidential elections. In Chapter II we looked forward to reflect how the mentioned questions from the past Chapter will influence the formulation of The Chilean Revolution, it s repercussions among the left-side parties and the for the Popular Unity consolidation to face the 1970´s elections. In Chapter III then we looked forward to analyze, from the Communist Party documents written between 1970 and 1973, the political behavior of the Party in the Alludes government quotidian
Este trabalho tem como proposta conhecer, compreender e acompanhar o esforço para a implantação do projeto via chilena ao socialismo , idealizado pelo Partido Comunista do Chile. Este projeto propunha a passagem do regime capitalista chileno para o socialista a partir da manutenção da institucionalidade, sem insurreições ou luta armada. Essa formulação teve uma grande repercussão no projeto político da Unidade Popular que levou à Presidência da República Salvador Allende em 1970. Para realizar essa pesquisa foram utilizadas como fonte uma bibliografia sobre a Unidade Popular e sobre o nosso objeto de pesquisa, diversos documentos do PC, assim como depoimentos pessoais que se constituem fonte oral para estudos da História. Na introdução, realizamos uma caracterização do PC e do projeto que se desdobrará no primeiro e segundo capítulo, assim como uma contextualização do sistema econômico e político chileno. No Capítulo I levantamos algumas discussões realizadas sobre a via pacífica ao socialismo. Também procuramos identificar o desenvolvimento político do Partido Comunista através da sua política de alianças e seus fundamentos em diversas eleições presidenciais. Procuramos no Capítulo II refletir como as questões apontadas no capítulo anterior vão influenciar na formulação da Revolução Chilena, sua repercussão entre os partidos de esquerda e a consolidação da Unidade Popular para disputar as eleições de 1970. No Capítulo III procuramos então, analisar a partir dos documentos partidários do PC escrito entre 1970 e 1973, o comportamento político desse partido no cotidiano do governo Allende

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Roncato, Juliana Foletto Fredo. "Estudo associativo entre polimorfismos nos genes ND2 e ND3 que codificam para subunidades da NADH desidrogenase em DNA mitocondrial de pacientes esquizofr?nicos". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2007. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5471.

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A esquizofrenia ? uma doen?a neuropsiqui?trica que afeta cerca de 1% da popula??o mundial e que, devido aos seus diversos sintomas, acarreta um enorme custo social direto (hospitaliza??es, atendimentos, medica??es) e indireto (improdutividade, repercuss?es familiares). Os estudos de gen?tica populacional indicam que a esquizofrenia tenha um componente gen?tico relevante al?m da influ?ncia do ambiente. Neste sentido, al?m de estudos no DNA nuclear, t?m sido investigadas as altera??es no DNA Mitocondrial (mtDNA). O mtDNA apresenta heran?a materna, e por isso ? muito ?til em estudos populacionais. Estudos com doen?as neurodegenerativas como a doen?a de Parkinson e a doen?a de Alzheimer sugerem que, ao menos em parte, o mtDNA contribua para suas etiologias. Manifesta??es neuropsiqui?tricas caracter?sticas de encefalopatias mitocondriais causadas por muta??es do mtDNA s?o convuls?es, dem?ncia e dor de cabe?a. Al?m disso, um estado confusional agudo, com alguns sintomas semelhantes aos que ocorrem na esquizofrenia (desorganiza??o mental e alucina??es), ?s vezes ? observado em MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episodes), uma encefalopatia mitocondrial t?pica. Dessa forma, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi averiguar uma poss?vel associa??o entre polimorfismos A4769G e A10398G de mtDNA, que j? foram descritos como predisponentes a outras doen?as neuropsiqui?tricas, com o desenvolvimento da esquizofrenia. Os polimorfismos A4769G e A10398G est?o respectivamente localizados nos genes ND2 e ND3, que codificam para subunidades 2 e 3 da NADH Desidrogenase. Para relacionar esses polimorfismos com a esquizofrenia, testamos 76 pacientes esquizofr?nicos quanto ? ocorr?ncia ou n?o destas variantes polim?rficas no mtDNA e comparamos com as amostras de 88 controles sadios. Esses polimorfismos foram analisados utilizado-se o seq?enciador autom?tico de DNA MegaBACE 1000 (GE Healthcare ) do Centro de Biologia Gen?mica e Molecular da PUCRS. Os cromatogramas gerados pela corrida eletrofor?tica das rea??es de seq?enciamento foram analisadas no programa Chromas para determinar a ocorr?ncia ou n?o da varia??o polim?rfica. Quanto ? an?lise estat?stica, foi realizado teste do qui-quadrado para vari?veis categ?ricas. O n?vel de signific?ncia estat?stica foi p ≤ 0,05. Em rela??o ao polimorfismo A4769G, foram analisadas amostras de 76 pacientes dos quais 61 (80,3%) apresentaram o alelo G e 15 (19,7%) apresentaram o alelo A nesta posi??o. Das 88 amostras de controles analisadas, obtivemos 82 (93,2%) com o alelo G e 6 (6,8%) com o alelo A (Qui-quadrado p=0,014, Odds ratio=2.895). Em rela??o ao polimorfismo A10398G, dos 62 pacientes analisados, 17 (27,4%) apresentaram o alelo G e 45 (72,6%) o alelo A. Dos 76 controles, 34 (44,7%) apresentaram a presen?a do alelo mutante G e 42 (55,3%) apresentaram o alelo A para esta posi??o (Qui-quadrado p=0,036, Odds ratio=1.313). O estudo mostra diferen?as estatisticamente significativas na freq??ncia dos sistemas polim?rficos estudados entre pacientes esquizofr?nicos e controles. Estudos adicionais s?o necess?rios para avaliar sua relev?ncia do ponto de vista funcional.

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Barbosa, Roseli Bregantin. ""Nem-nem" : uma subcategoria de juventude ou uma ficção?" reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47892.

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Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Maria Tarcisa Silva Bega
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 07/03/2017
Inclui referências: fls. 137-141
Área de concentração: Sociologia
Resumo: "Nem-nem", no senso comum é um jovem que nem estuda nem trabalha, já no senso douto representa uma subcategoria de análise da juventude. Mas, será que esse jovem, de fato, não estuda e não trabalha? A pesquisa investiga o que o "nem-nem" faz com o seu tempo e como ocupa o espaço destinado aos jovens nas unidades Boqueirão e Cajuru do Portal do Futuro, em Curitiba/PR. O objetivo é desconstruir o estigma de "jovem vadio" imposto por tal subcategoria de juventude e saber se, e de que forma, esse Programa de Política Pública inclui o "nem-nem". A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada é a quantiqualitativa, com realização de estudo de caso, aplicação de questionários, entrevistas individuais e reunião de Grupo Focal, além de observação participante. A matriz analítica, adota a perspectiva das políticas públicas sociais e está apoiada na legislação de políticas de educação, trabalho e juventude. As análises apontam que a subcategoria de juventude "nem-nem" é fictícia, uma maquiagem sobre outras formas de exclusão social juvenil. Os resultados mostram que os jovens apontados nas estatísticas de trabalho e educação como "nem-nem" pertencem à subcategoria de juventude em situação de vulnerabilidade ou risco social. E eles não estão inativos, estudaram o ensino obrigatório e se ocupam com afazeres que não são quantificados devido ao conceito de trabalho adotado ou a equívocos na matriz analítica utilizada nas pesquisas realizadas sobre o tema até o presente momento. Palavras-chaves: Educação; Exclusão social; Juventude; Trabalho; Vulnerabilidade social.
Résumé: "Ni-ni" dans bon sens est un jeune homme qui ne étudient ni travail, déjà dans le sens scientifique est une sous-catégorie d'analyse de la jeunesse. Mais est ce jeune homme, en fait, n'étudie pas et ne fonctionne pas? La recherche étudie le "ni-ni" faire avec votre temps et comment occuper l'espace pour les jeunes dans les unités Boqueirão et Portal Cajuru de l'avenir, à Curitiba / PR. Le but est de déconstruire le stigmate de "vagabond jeune" imposée par une telle sous-catégorie de la jeunesse et de savoir si, et comment, le Programme des politiques publiques comprend "ni-ni". La méthodologie utilisée est le Quantiqualitative de mener l'étude de cas, des questionnaires, des entretiens individuels et réunions de groupe de discussion, et de l'observation participante. La matrice d'analyse, adopte le point de vue de la politique publique sociale et est soutenu à la loi de la politique de l'éducation, du travail et de la jeunesse. Les analyses montrent que la sous-catégorie de la jeunesse "ni-ni" est fictive, un maquillage sur d'autres formes d'exclusion sociale des jeunes. Les résultats montrent que les jeunes ont souligné dans les statistiques et l'éducation du travail comme "ni-ni" appartiennent à la sous-catégorie des jeunes en situation de vulnérabilité ou de risque social. Et ils ne sont pas inactifs, a étudié l'enseignement obligatoire et le traitement des tâches qui ne sont pas quantifiés en raison de la notion de travail adopté ou des erreurs dans le cadre d'analyse utilisé dans la recherche sur le sujet à ce jour. Mots-clés: Éducation; L'exclusion sociale; Jeunesse; Travailler; La vulnérabilité sociale.

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Pätsi, J. (Jukka). "Catalytic core of respiratory chain NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase:roles of the ND1, ND6 and ND4L subunits and mitochondrial disease modelling in Escherichia coli". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514294723.

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Abstract NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is one of the largest enzymes in mammals. Seven (ND1-ND6 and ND4L) of its 45 subunits are encoded in mitochondrial DNA, mutations of which are usually behind mitochondrial diseases such as Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and MELAS-syndrome. The rest of the genes are located in the nucleus. Bacterial homologs of complex I (NDH-1) consist of only 13–14 subunits, comprising the catalytic core of the enzyme. These complexes are simpler but perform a similar function. Escherichia coli NDH-1 was employed here to generate amino acid replacements at conserved sites in NuoH, NuoJ and NuoK, counterparts of ND1, ND6 and ND4L, to elucidate their role in complex I. Consequences of homologous amino acid substitutions brought about by ND1-affecting LHON/MELAS-overlap syndrome-associated m.3376G>A and m.3865A>G mutations and the ND6-affecting m.14498T>C substitution associated with LHON were also studied to validate their pathogenicity. Effects of the site-directed mutations were evaluated on the basis of enzyme activity, inhibitor sensitivity and growth phenotype. Highly conserved glutamate-residues 36 and 72 within transmembrane helices of NuoK in positions similar to proton translocating transmembrane proteins were found essential for electron transfer to ubiquinone and growth on medium necessitating normal proton transfer by NDH-1. NuoH and NuoJ replacements at sites corresponding to targets of m.3376G>A and m.14498T>C decreased ubiquinone reductase activity and altered the ubiquinone binding site, while the counterpart of m.3865A>G was without a major effect. Other NuoH and NuoJ mutations studied also affected the interactions of ubiquinone and inhibitors with NDH-1. The results corroborate the pathogenicity of the m.14498T>C and m.3376G>A mutations and demonstrate that the overlap syndrome-associated modification affects complex I in a pattern which appears to combine the effects of separate mutations responsible for LHON and MELAS. Change in ubiquinone binding affinity is a likely pathomechanism of all LHON-associated mutations. Effects of the NuoH, NuoJ and NuoK subunit substitutions also indicate that ND1 and ND6 subunits contribute to the ubiquinone-interacting site of complex I and the site is located in the vicinity of the membrane surface, while ND4L is likely involved in proton pumping activity of the enzyme
Tiivistelmä 45 alayksiköstä muodostuva NADH-ubikinoni oksidoreduktaasi (kompleksi I) on nisäkkäiden suurimpia entsyymejä. Sen mitokondriaalisessa DNA:ssa koodattujen alayksiköiden ND1-ND6 ja ND4L geeneihin liittyvät mutaatiot ovat yleisiä mitokondriosairauksien, kuten Leberin perinnöllisen näköhermoatrofian (LHON) ja MELAS-oireyhtymän, syitä. Bakteerien vastaava entsyymi (NDH-1) koostuu vain 13–14 alayksiköstä. Tästä huolimatta sen katalysoima reaktio on samankaltainen kuin kompleksi I:n. NDH-1:n katsotaankin edustavan entsyymin katalyyttistä ydintä. Tässä työssä tutkittiin ND1, ND6 ja ND4L alayksiköiden tehtävää kompleksi I:ssä niiden Escherichia coli bakteerissa olevien vastineiden (NuoH, NuoJ ja NuoK) kohdennetun mutageneesin avulla. Samaa lähestymistapaa käytettiin LHON/MELAS-oireyhtymässä todettujen ND1 alayksikön mutaatioiden, m.3376G>A ja m.3865A>G, ja LHON:ssa havaitun ND6:n m.14498T>C mutaation aiheuttamien aminohappomuutosten seurauksien selvittämiseen. Tehtyjen mutaatioiden vaikutuksia arvioitiin entsyymiaktiivisuus-mittauksin ja kasvukokein. NuoK:n solukalvon läpäisevissä rakenteissa olevien kahden glutamaatti-aminohappotähteen sijainti muistuttaa protoneita kalvon läpi kuljettavissa proteiineissa todettua. NuoK:n glutamaattien havaittiinkin olevan tärkeitä elektronien ja protonien kuljetukselle kompleksi I:ssä. m.3376G>A ja m.14498T>C mutaatioiden aiheuttamien aminohappomuutosten vastineet NDH-1:ssä alensivat NDH-1:n elektroninsiirtoaktiivisuutta ja heikensivät ubikinonin sitoutumista, kun taas m.3865A>G mutaatiolla ei ollut vaikutusta. Muut NuoH ja NuoJ alayksiköihin tehdyt aminohappovaihdokset johtivat huonontuneeseen ubikinonin ja kompleksi I:n inhibiittoreiden sitoutumiseen. Saadut tulokset vahvistavat m.3376G>A ja m.14498T>C mutaatioiden patogeenisyyden. Ne myös osoittavat, että LHON/MELAS-oireyhtymään liitetyn mutaation biokemiallisissa vaikutuksissa yhdistyvät sekä LHON:ssa että MELAS-oireyhtymässä todettujen mutaatioiden seuraukset. Esitetyt tulokset tukevat näkemystä siitä, että ubikinonin ja kompleksi I:n välisessä vuorovaikutuksessa tapahtuva muutos on kaikille LHON:aan liitetyille mutaatioille yhteinen vaikutusmekanismi. NuoH:n, NuoJ:n ja NuoK:n kohdennetusta mutageneesista saatujen tulosten perusteella ND1 ja ND6 alayksiköt ovat osa ubikinonin sitoutumispaikkaa entsyymikompleksissa, kun taas ND4L osallistuu protoninkuljetukseen

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DELGADO, Jaime Silva. "Nem terno nem gravata: as mudanças na identidade pentecostal assembleiana". Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/5295.

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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo fazer um estudo das contradições de uma identidade pentecostal em processo, buscando na sua origem uma identidade que lhe era própria, através de uma análise interpretativa de sua literatura, e de uma nova linguagem, que mudou nos últimos vinte anos. Durante oito décadas a Assembléia de Deus vinha mantendo firme sua identidade, que fez parte do cotidiano das pessoas, e de uma cultura religiosa brasileira que se acostumou a vê-las como fora do mundo, separadas. A chegada das igrejas neopentecostais provocou mudanças no ethos assembleiano. Atualmente é possível perceber uma mistura de práticas e crenças, que aqui perceberemos através das categorias, identidade e sincretismo. É cada vez mais presente uma linguagem triunfalista ligada a Confissão Positiva.
This dissertation has as a purpose to do a study of the contradictions of a pentecostal identity in progress, searching on its origin an identity that was own its on, through an interpretative analyse of its literature and a new language which has changed in the last twenty years. During eight decades the Assembley of God had been holding out tight its identity, that took part of the people’s daily and of a brazilian religious culture that got used to see them as outsiders, separated. The incoming of the Neopentecostal churches brought about changes on the assembleyan’s ethos. Currently, it is possible to realize a mixture of practices and beliefs that here we will notice through the cathegories, identity and and syncretism. It is even more and more present a triumphalist language linked a Positive Confession.

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Flückiger, Vera. "n/a not/available nachfrage und angebot von Standortinformation in der Immobilienbranche : NDK/NDS Nachdiplomarbeit im Rahmen des Nachdiplomstudiums in Raumplanung an der ETH Zürich /". Zürich : ETH Zürich, [Institut für Orts-, Regional- und Landesplanung], 2001. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=70.

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Shrestha, Survesh Bahadur. "Defect Detection on Rail Base Area Using Infrared Thermography". OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2758.

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This research aims to investigate the application of infrared thermography (IRT) as a method of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) for the detection of defects in the rail base area. Rails have to withstand harsh conditions during their application. Therefore, defects can develop in the base area of rails due to stresses such as bending, shear, contact, and thermal stresses, fatigue, and corrosion. Such defects can cause catastrophic failures in the rails, ultimately leading to train derailments. Rail base defects due to fatigue and corrosion are difficult to detect and currently there are no reliable or practical non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods for finding these types of defects in the revenue service. Transportation Technology Center, Inc. (TTCI) had previously conducted a research on the capability of flash IRT to detect defects in rail base area based on simulation approach. The research covered in this thesis is the continuation of the same project.In this research, three rail samples were prepared with each containing a notched-edge, side-drilled holes (SDHs), and bottom-drilled holes (BDHs). Two steel sample blocks containing BDHs and SDHs of different sizes and depths were also prepared. Preliminary IRT trials were conducted on the steel samples to obtain an optimal IRT setup configuration. The initial inspections for one of the steel samples were outsourced to Thermal Wave Imaging (TWI) where they employed Thermographic Signal Reconstruction (TSR) technique to enhance the resulting images. Additional inspections of the steel samples were performed in the Southern Illinois University-Carbondale (SIUC) facility. In case of the rail samples, the SDHs and the notched-edge reflectors could not be detected in any of the experimental trials performed in this research. In addition, two more rail samples containing BDHs were prepared to investigate the detection capabilities for three different surface conditions: painted, unpainted, and rusted. The painted surface provided a best-case scenario for inspections while the other conditions offered further insight on correlating the application to industry-like cases.A 1300 W halogen lamp was employed as the heat source for providing continuous thermal excitation for various durations. Post-processing and analysis of the resulting thermal images was performed within the acquisition software using built-in analysis tools such as temperature probes, Region of Interest (ROI) based intensity profiles, and smoothing filters. The minimum defect diameter to depth (aspect) ratio detected in preliminary trials for the steel sample blocks were 1.0 at a diameter of 4.7625 mm (0.1875 in) and 1.5 at a diameter of 3.175 mm (0.125 in). For the inspection of painted rail sample, the longest exposure times (10 sec) provided the best detection capabilities in all sets of trials. The three holes having aspect ratio greater or equal to 1.0 were indicated in the thermal response of the painted and rusted samples while only the two holes having aspect ratio greater or equal to 1.5 were indicated in the unaltered sample. Indications of reflectors were identified through qualitative graphical analysis of pixel intensity distributions obtained along a bending line profile. The results obtained from the painted sample provided a baseline for analyzing the results from the unpainted and rusted rail samples. This provided an insight on the limitations and requirements for future development. The primary takeaway is the need for an optimized heat source. Poor contrast in the resulting image for the unpainted and rusted rail samples is experienced due to both noise and lack of penetration of the heat energy. This could have been due to decreased emissivity values. Moreover, the excitation method employed in this research does not comply with current industry standards for track clearances. Therefore, exploration of alternative excitation methods is recommended.

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38

Lazarus, Sylvain. "L'anthropologie du nom". Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080833.

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Tome un : l antropologie du nom. Les deux enonces constitutifs sont les sont les gens pensent et la pensee est rapport du reel. Cette anthropologie vise a elucider le subjectif de l interieur du subjectif et non pas en exteriorite. La demarche en interiorite s interrogera sur ce qui est pense dans la pensee des gens. Anthropologie du nom designe une investigation sur les formes de pensee qui exige l enquete. Le nom est innommable. Il s apprehende par les multiplicites concretes des lieux du nom qui sont autant de singularites de la categorie. Les categories se deployant sur fond de l innommable du nom snt : les modes historiques de la politique, categorie du nom inommable de la politique comme pensee ; l usine comme lieu specifie, categorie du nom innommable "ouvrier-usine". Tome deux : anthropologie ouvriere et enquetes d usines. L anthropologie ouvriere conduit des investigations sur les categories d ouvrier et d unsine a partir de "ce que pensent les ouvriers". Trois enquetes sont presentees : allemagne orientale en 1992, canton (chine) en 1989, renault-billancourt en 1985. Tome trois : politique et histoire. Y sont etudies differents modes historiques de la politique et saint-just, lenine et althusser
Volume one : an anthropology of the name. The two founding statements are people hink and people's thought suggests that there should be theses on the "real". Such an anthropology aims that elucidating subjectivity from its inner side, note from its outer side. The subjective approach will ponder over what it is actually thought in people's thoughts. An anthropology of the name implies investigating into ways of thinking which call for fieldwork. The name cannot be named. It is unnameable but is can be approached by numerous concrete loci of name representing the various specific components of the category. The categories developed in that context are : the historical modes of politics, a category of the unnameable name of politics as a thought ; the factory as a specified locus, a category of the unnameable compound name "worker factory". Volume two : an anthropology of factory workers and fieldwork in factories. The anthropology of factory workers carries out investigations into "worker" and "factory" as categories using as a starting statement : what factory workers think. Three works are presented here : eastern germany in 1992, canton (chine) in 1989

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Bělohradová, Eva. "NDC důchodový systém". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85949.

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My diploma thesis deals with the introduction and analysis of the NDC system (Notional Defined Contribution). I devote myself to pension system in the Czech Republic too. The diploma thesis provides informations on individual elements of the NDC system and its financial sustainability. In the theoretical part I deal with the pension systems in general and with states that have already introduced the NDC system. In the practical part I deal with the pension system of the Czech Republic in according to the questionnaire. I try to evaluate whether the NDC system is advantageous for the Czech Republic.

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40

Hutt, Molly B. "Nom nom nomoi : food, identity, and shared custom in Herodotus’ Histories". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62901.

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Herodotus attributed much significance to the subjects of food and foodways. With the possible exception of death-related rituals, foodways are the only genre of custom that Herodotus covers in substantial detail for every society which he describes at length, and they are an important component of ethnicity and identity in both his explicitly ethnographical logoi and his narrative generally. The two most well-known sources on food and identity in Herodotus, François Hartog’s Le miroir d’Hérodote (1980, English 1988) and Brent Shaw’s “Eaters of Flesh, Drinkers of Milk” (1982) take Herodotus’ discussion of food as a method of “Othering,” a “mirror” through which Herodotus’ Greek readers could see themselves by comparison to outlandish, often fabricated, descriptions. However, Herodotus’ food passages reflect, at least to some extent, a reality which Herodotus clearly thought it important to relate, so to dismiss them as simply one more act of literary “Othering” is insufficient. Previous studies have tended to focus entirely on one culture, usually Scythian, sometimes Perisan, and rarely Egyptian, whose foodways generally appear only in broader studies of Herodotus’ Egyptian logos. Because of these limitations, and the fact that the scholarly community seemed to consider the problem of food in Herodotus “solved” after Hartog and Shaw (and thus no longer worthy of continuing research), the topic merits renewed investigation. Through a look at all three cultures, I show that Herodotus’ discussion of food is part of a larger scheme of humanizing barbarians, an addition of a biological universal to which any reader/listener could relate. In Herodotus’ discourse on food, the barbarian is not presented exclusively as an “Other” but also made more relatable to the Greek audience, complicating the relationship between “us” and “them.” Ultimately Herodotus shows his audience that barbarians, and especially Persians, share more in common with Greeks in terms of foodways than has previously been accepted, using food as a narrative tool to tie together disparate cultures. This thesis represents an important initial step in bringing the subject of food in Herodotus, after several decades of being overlooked, up to date with scholarship on other aspects of his work.
Arts, Faculty of
Classical, Near Eastern and Religious Studies, Department of
Graduate

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Salvi, Valentina Isolda. "Nem burocratas nem cruzados : militares argentinos : memorias castrenses sobre a repressão". [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280793.

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Orientador: Omar Ribeiro Thomaz
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Esta tese propõe-se a abordar a memória militar sobre a repressão na Argentina, mais especificamente, a memória do exército, buscando reconhecer as diferenças entre a memória oficial da instituição, as memórias dos oficiais reformados que participaram no Operativo Independencia e a memória dos setores civis/militares, assim como assinalar as posições relativas e conflitos que atravessam e conformam essa comunidade de memória. O objetivo geral é, pois, identificar quais e como são não só os sentidos e representações que tanto o exército quanto os oficiais reformados atualizam e elaboram para evocar e justificar a assim chamada ¿luta contra a subversão¿, mas também as práticas comemorativas que encenam junto às famílias e às organizações cívico/militares para homenagear os oficiais ¿mortos pela subversão¿. A memória castrense sobre a repressão responde tanto à continuidade de uma matriz narrativa sobre o passado recente, que reforça a autovaloração do exército como uma comunidade moral diferenciada da sociedade civil, quanto às transformações e inovações que vão permitindo à instituição e a seus homens posicionar-se frente ao fortalecimento da memória dos desaparecidos e ao discurso dos organismos de Direitos Humanos. Por isso, o interrogante primordial que anima esta tese é como se articulam mudança e continuidade na memória de uma instituição ¿ e dos oficiais que foram contemporâneos dos fatos- para os quais o passado é uma fonte de legitimidade e identidade, mas que, ao mesmo tempo, são energicamente questionados por uma sociedade que lhes exige respostas pelos crimes cometidos. Atender às continuidades e rupturas da memória do exército permitirá, por sua vez, dar conta de sua dimensão de futuro e, assim, determinar as tendências à elaboração (atravessamento) ou à atuação (repetição compulsiva) dos sentidos de um passado autoritário e violento que tem o exército e seus homens como um de seus principais responsáveis. Daí que esta tese propõe-se também, por um lado, a examinar em que medida, para a comunidade militar, lembrar implica também assumir ou evadir as responsabilidades morais, jurídicas e políticas sobre o desaparecimento de pessoas, e, por outro lado, compreender como se articulam os argumentos justificatórios e as estratégias políticas com as quais se busca controlar e vigiar a transmissão de sentidos sobre a ¿luta contra a subversão¿ às novas gerações. Por último, esta tese propõe-se a indagar como a ¿luta contra a subversão¿, enquanto prática e discurso, incide ao mesmo tempo em que se reapropria das significações morais dos oficiais do exército e da doutrina e práticas castrenses, assim como de seus valores, tradições e sentimentos. Para isso, busca investigar as relações entre moralidade, memória e identidade, prestando principal atenção àquilo que une os oficiais; àquilo que os obrigou ou convenceu a atuar de um ou outro modo; aos padrões de normalidade que organizam sua sociabilidade; àquilo que permitem ou proíbem, implícita ou explicitamente, seus códigos comuns; aos critérios de bem e de mal que detentam, enfim, os sentidos e práticas que estimulam e justificam a violência
Abstract: The aims of this thesis is to analyze the memory of military personel regarding illegal repression in Argentina, focusing on army¿s memory. More specifically, it attempts to recognize differences among the official memory of the army as institution, the memory of former staff from Operativo Independencia and the memory of the civil sector close to the army, highlighting their relative positions and the conflicts that underlay and inform this community of memory. The general objective is to identify the meanings and representations that, on the one hand: army and former officials produce and actualize in order to evoke and justify the so-called ¿fight against subversion¿. And on the other hand, the commemorative practices stage on by relatives of army staff, and civil organizations which supported them (such as NGO¿s), in order to pay tribute to the ¿deaths by subversion¿. The memory of repression of the army reproduces a narrative matrix on the recent past which tends to reinforce the self-perception of the army institution as a moral community isolated from civil society. But also, this memory highlights the transformations and innovations that allow the institution of the army and its personnel to take position against the increasingly stronger discourse of human rights's NGOs and the memory of relatives of disappeared people. Therefore, the main question of this thesis is how change and continuity is articulated within the memory of a institution ¿ and in the memory of the officials that have participated in the repression ¿ for whom the past is either a source of legitimacy and identity. But for whom, at the same time, this past history implies a strong criticism from public society and a demand of justice. To notice the continuities and rupture of army's memory will allow us to take account of the dimensions of future, and therefore, to determine the tendencies to elaboration () or acting (compulsive repetition) of the meanings built on a violent and authoritarian past, from which the army is one of the main responsible. In this sense, this thesis also propose on the one hand: to analyze to what extend the act of remembering for the military community implies also to assume or to evade moral, juridical, and political responsibilities over the disappearance of people. And, on the other hand to understand how are articulated different vindicative arguments and political strategies in order to control the transmission of meanings over ¿the fight against subversion¿ towards new generations. Lastly, this thesis argues that ¿the fight against subversion¿ as discourse and practice affects and gains over the moral sense of the army practices and doctrine, but also of it values, traditions and feelings. Therefore, we try to research the relations between morality, memory and identity, identifying and describing: those relations which link the army officials, those which compels or convince then to act in some way or another, the framework of normality that organizes its sociability, the internal codes of behaviour that explicitly of implicitly allow or forbid some actions, their judgement of good and evil, and the meanings and practices that encourage and justify violence
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciências Sociais

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42

Llanos, Carlos Fernando Elías. "Nem erudito, nem popular: por uma identidade transitiva do violão brasileiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27157/tde-25072018-154131/.

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A pesquisa apresenta o violão enquanto instrumento musical chave de leituras sociais, e sua performance enquanto dado etnográfico. Foram feitos questionamentos em torno da dimensão ideológica do assim chamado \"violão brasileiro\": a construção do(s) seu(s) discurso(s) e as relações de poder que implicam pensar em sua historiografia. Numa abordagem qualitativa, a tese baseia suas aproximações nas análises de teorias etnomusicológicas sobre os instrumentos musicais, numa amostra de teses e dissertações brasileiras focadas no violão, e entrevistas em profundidade com intérpretes, compositores, professores, luthiers, pesquisadores e jornalistas. Como resultado, nessa sistematização de atores, acepções e apropriações que o termo \"violão brasileiro\" suporta, apresenta-se categorias e modelos analíticos para compreender essa teia de instâncias sociais oriundas de uma \"memória dos cordófonos dedilhados\", memória esta reconhecida posteriormente no violão e que batizamos de \"identidade transitiva\".
The research presents the guitar as musical instrument and key reading in social aspects, and its performance as ethnographic data. Questions were raised about the ideological dimension of the so-called \"Brazilian guitar\": the construction of its discourse (s) and the power relations that imply thinking about its historiography. From a qualitative approach, the thesis bases its approaches in the analysis of ethnomusicological theories on musical instruments, in a sample of Brazilian theses and dissertations focusing on the guitar, and in-depth interviews with performers, composers, teachers, luthiers, researchers and journalists. As a result, in this systematization of actors, meanings and appropriations supported by the term \"Brazilian guitar\", categories and analytical models are presented to understand this assemblage of social instances originating from a \"memory of the strumming cordophones\", a memory later recognized in the guitar and which we call \"transitive identity\".

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Soares, Ana Cecília. "Nem belo, nem feio: grotox. Pelo direito de dançar a diferença". Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2013. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/17688.

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A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado em Dança do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Dança da Universidade Federal da Bahia e tem como mola propulsora pensar o corpo/dançarino com deficiência e seu acesso à arte. Estudamos a presença da pessoa com deficiência na cena artística da dança tomando como ponto de partida a observação da obra coreográfica GROTOX. De autoria do Prof. Ms. José Henrique Amoedo Barral, a coreografia foi interpretada pelo Grupo Dançando com a Diferença, da Ilha da Madeira/Portugal, em parceria com a Casa da Música, da Cidade do Porto/Portugal, dentro do Festival Ao Alcance de Todos, no ano de 2009. Como proposta metodológica definimos analisar criticamente a obra tendo como referencial os preceitos da Crítica Genética, bem como os estudos em Processos de Criação defendidos por Cecília de Almeida Salles. Nossa análise observa a forma pela qual o corpo/dançarino com deficiência é mostrado nessa elaboração cênica, especificamente: quais as possibilidades de dança apresentadas, se a estética do “corpo coitadinho” ou um trabalho de investigação do movimento, se a proposição de uma estética construída por esse corpo com deficiência. O GROTOX tem “o belo e o feio” como tema, e segundo o coreógrafo em sua pesquisa artística recorreu aos livros de Umberto Eco: A história da beleza (2010) e A história da Feiura (2007). Partindo dessa referência buscamos entender as relações que se estabeleceram no processo de criação da obra, bem como as relações estabelecidas em cena entre as singularidades dos corpos dançantes. Nessa busca trouxemos para compor o referencial teórico de nossa pesquisa: a Teoria Corpomídia (GREINER/KATZ, 2004), o conceito de Multidão (HARDT/NEGRI, 2005) e o conceito de Corpo Sitiado (CORREIA, 2007).

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Sousa, Juliano Ferreira de. "Jovens Nem-Nem : perfis midiático-digitais na cidade de Bauru (SP) /". Bauru, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192627.

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Orientador: Maria Cristina Gobbi
Resumo: A temática das diferenças geracionais é recorrente em estudos das mais diversas áreas do conhecimento. Essa categorização em gerações tem sido feita a partir de critérios históricos e econômicos, refletindo diretamente nos estudos comunicativos. Nota-se, portanto, que essas subdivisões geracionais estão intimamente ligadas ao consumo midiático e à forma de se lidar com os aparatos tecnológicos e com as práticas comunicativas originadas com eles. É importante destacar que, ao se estudar as mudanças geracionais, observa-se principalmente a juventude fixada em uma determinada época, já que os comportamentos e as culturas juvenis levam ao estabelecimento de novas práticas e à reconfiguração daquelas já existentes. É, também, recorrentemente atribuído à juventude a definição de padrões comportamentais e alterações na produção e consumo cultural. Ao longo das décadas, surgiram várias nomenclaturas geracionais, baseadas na realidade histórica estadunidense – como a Geração Baby-Boom, Geração X, Geração Y, Geração Z, entre outras – que raramente foram atualizadas observando-se a realidade latino-americana. Sendo assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar os padrões comunicativo-midiáticos de jovens pertencentes à chamada “Geração Nem-Nem” da cidade de Bauru (SP) que, definidos a partir de critérios utilizados pelo IBGE, é composta por pessoas de 15 a 29 anos que não desenvolvem atividades regulares de estudo e nem de trabalho. Foi aplicada uma pesquisa qualitativa, por mei... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The theme of generational differences is a recurrent study from the most diverse areas of knowledge. The categorization of generations has been made based on historical and economic criteria, directly reflecting on Communications Studies. It is noted, therefore, that these generational subdivisions are closely linked to media consumption and the way of dealing with technological devices and the communicative practices originated with them. It is important to highlight that, when studying generational changes, it is mainly observed the youth fixed at a certain time, since youth behaviors and cultures lead to the establishment of new practices and the reconfiguration of those that already exist. The definition of behavioral patterns and changes in cultural production and consumption is also frequently attributed to youth. Over the decades, several generational nomenclatures have emerged, based on American historical reality - such as Generation Baby-Boom, Generation X, Generation Y, Generation Z, among others - that have rarely been updated by observing the Latin American reality. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the media-communication patterns of young people belonging to the so-called “NEET Generation” in the city of Bauru (SP), which, defined based on criteria used by Brazilian government, is composed of people from 15 to 29 years old who do not carry out study or work activities. It was applied a qualitative research, using a questionnaire with open and closed que... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Pires, Robledo Esteves Santos. "Forte que nem touro, alto que nem torre, livre que nem passarinho: a configuração de uma construção hiperbólica do português". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/998.

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A superlativação de conceitos por meio de projeções figurativas é um fenômeno muito comum à Língua Portuguesa, observado tanto na modalidade escrita quanto oral, e promove a emergência de padrões construcionais com sofisticados mecanismos de estruturação conceptual e formal. O presente estudo identifica, descreve e analisa um desses padrões: a Construção Hiperbólica por Símile – CHS, com especial destaque para as instâncias desta construção instituídas a partir do articulador sintático que nem, como ilustra o elenco de types a seguir: (1) A pobreza é que nem um câncer; (2) Passou por mim que nem um rabo de vento e (3) Inocência enrubesceu que nem uma romã. O aporte teórico central deste estudo advém de dois dos mais relevantes modelos da Linguística Cognitiva, quais sejam, a Gramática das Construções como um Modelo Baseado no Uso (GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006; LAKOFF, 1987; SALOMÃO, 2002-2007, 2009; MIRANDA, 2008-2010; BOAS, 2010) e a Semântica de Frames (FILLMORE, 1968, 1977, 1982), cujas teses apontam para a relevância do uso linguístico e da experiência (de todas as ordens) na arquitetura cognitiva do léxico e da gramática. Nesse enquadre, opta-se por procedimentos metodológicos baseados em corpora e em padrões de frequência de ocorrência e de tipos (GOLDBERG, 2006; BYBEE, 2007; CROFT & CRUSE, 2004). Os resultados certificam o valor semântico-pragmático específico dessas expressões hiperbólicas do Português, assegurando-lhes o estatuto de instâncias de um padrão construcional (a CHS) integrado por três subpadrões. Trata-se de uma construção vinculada à Construção Genérica de Modificação de Grau e cujo constructo ( FILLMORE, GOLDMAN & RHODES, 2010) se desenha pela presença de dois Elementos da Construção (EC): um EC Escopo ou núcleo graduável e um sintagma complexo (EC Qualificador_de_grau) resultante da ampliação de valência do EC Escopo. Evocando o frame Posição_máxima_em_uma_escala, a CHS tem seu Valor_hiperbólico assegurado através da comparação por Símile. Em termos de sua função discursiva, esta construção evocada por que nem, marcadamente informal, seja em modalidade oral ou escrita, demarca o domínio da autoexpressão, da subjetividade nas molduras interativas.
The construction of superlative concepts through figurative projections is a very common phenomenon to Portuguese Language, observed both in written and oral speech, and promotes the emergence of constructional patterns with sophisticated mechanisms for structuring conceptual and formal a language pattern. This study identifies, describes and analyzes one of these patterns: the Hyperbolic Construction by Simile – CHS, with special emphasis on its instances instituted by the syntactic articulator que nem, as illustrates the following types: (1) A pobreza é que nem um câncer; (2) Passou por mim que nem um rabo de vento e (3) Inocência enrubesceu que nem uma romã. The central theoretical assumptions comes from two of the most relevant models developed inside Cognitive Linguistics, namely the Construction Grammar as Used-based Model (GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006, LAKOFF, 1987; SOLOMÃO, 2002-2007, 2009; MIRANDA, 2008-2010; BOAS, 2010) and Frame Semantics (FILLMORE, 1968, 1977, 1982), whose thesis point to the importance of the language use and the experience (of all orders) in the cognitive architecture of the lexicon and grammar. In this framework, it is chosen a corpus-based methodological procedure, with the examination of token and type frequencies (GOLDBERG, 2006; BYBEE, 2007; CROFT & CRUSE, 2004). The results certify the specific semantic-pragmatic value of these hyperbolic expressions of Portuguese, assuring them the status of instances of a constructional pattern (the CHS) integrated for three subpatterns. The construction is linked to the Degree Modifying Generic Construction of which construct (FILLMORE, LEE-GOLDMAN & RHODES, 2010) is drawn by the presence of two construction elements (CE): a CE SCOPE or a gradable core and a complex phrase (CE DEGREE_MODIFIER) resultant from the expansion of the CE SCOPE valence. Evoking the frame Position_on_a_scale, CHS has its Hyperbolic_value ensured by the comparison by Simile. In terms of its discursive function, this construction evoked by que nem, markedly informal, whether in oral or written form, demarcates the area of self expression and subjectivity in interactive frames.

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Guyot, Yannick. "Absorptions dans l'état excité et performances laser des cristaux dopés par l'ion néodyme : Y3Al5O12:Nd3+, YLiF4:Nd3+ et LaMgAl11O19:Nd3+". Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10221.

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Cette these constitue une etude comparative des proprietes spectroscopiques et laser de l'ion neodyme place dans differents types d'environnement des cristaux bien connus de yag, ylf mais aussi dans un materiau plus complexe: lma (systeme multisite). Les proprietes spectroscopiques generales sont d'abord rappelees. Des fluorescences anti-stokes sont alors mises en evidence sous excitation autour de 800 nm, longueur d'onde des diodes laser devant servir au pompage dans les systemes miniaturises. Ce phenomene est explique par des mecanismes de transfert d'energie entre les ions nd mais aussi par le processus d'absorption dans l'etat excite (aee). Une part importante de ce travail est donc consacree a l'etude quantitative directe des phenomenes d'aee tant dans le domaine d'emission laser infrarouge situe vers 1060 nm et 1032 nm que dans le domaine correspondant au pompage visible par lampe flash dans les systemes laser de forte puissance. Une analyse theorique commune tant des proprietes spectroscopiques generales que des phenomenes d'aee est mise en uvre grace au formalisme de judd-ofelt. Un developpement theorique montre d'autre part, le peu d'influence de l'aee dans le domaine de pompage sur les performances laser, alors que du point de vue thermique il en est autrement. Enfin, l'influence de l'elargissement inhomogene des raies optiques permet d'expliquer le comportement particulier de l'efficacite laser dans le lma:nd

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Welter, John T. "Oblique angle pulse-echo ultrasound characterization of barely visible impact damage in polymer matrix composites". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1575295152635788.

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Lopes, Marta Júlia Marques. "O trabalho da enfermeira : nem público nem privado - feminino, doméstico e desvalorizado". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/108225.

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Propõe-se a analisar criticamente a história da enfermagem em confronto com a história da subordinação da mulher na perspectiva da sociedade patriarcal, no sentido de captar como se define e se organiza uma "profissão feminina" . A exploração capitalista do trabalho da mulher também esta posta, no sentido de entender a realidade de categoria profissional e assim visualizar caminhos que apontem para a construção da uma prática autônoma e competente.

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Mignot, Elise. "Recherches sur les noms composés de type nom + nom en anglais contemporain". Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040192.

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Cette étude identifie d'abord les propriétés morpho-syntaxiques des noms composés de type nom + nom et les relations sémantiques entre les deux éléments. Elle change ensuite d'échelle d'observation pour se pencher sur la fonction discursive du premier nom (opposition ou qualification) et sur les contextes où les noms composés apparaissent. Ces différentes façons d'observer la forme permettent de distinguer deux types de composés, selon qu'ils reçoivent un ou deux accents. Les deux types sont issus de processus de formation différents. Pour les composés à un accent, la relation entre les deux noms repose sur un discours sous-jacent. Le nom composé est la ré-élaboration ultime de ce discours et succède en genèse (syntaxiquement et sémantiquement) à un autre type de syntagme nominal. Pour les composés à deux accents en revanche, l'association entre les deux termes se fait en T0, le premier nom qualifiant le nom tête en lui rapportant un discours qu'il condense
This study first examines the morphological and syntactical characteristics of compound nouns (of the type noun + noun) and the semantic relationships between the two nouns. It then broadens its scope to look at the discursive role of the first noun and presents the contexts in which compound nouns occur. This leads to identifying two groups of compound nouns : singly-stressed or doubly-stressed. These two groups of compound nouns are the result of two different formation processes. For singly-stressed compound nouns, the relationship between the two nouns is based on an underlying discourse. In the formation process, the compound noun follows (syntactically and semantically) another type of noun phrase. For doubly-stressed compound nouns, the two bases are brought together at the time of enunciation. The first noun synthesizes a discourse, from which it derives its qualifying function

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Laurent, Bénédicte. "Nom de marque, nom de produit. Production de sens en discours publicitaire". Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30090.

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Le nom de marque et de produit (Nmp) est un objet d'étude fréquent en économie et en droit mais bien plus rare en linguistique. Nous nous intéressons au pouvoir du nom et à proposer une présentation linguistique de l'entité nominale, ce à travers (i) l'étude des fonctions magiques du langage, tant d'un point de vue anthropologique, rhétorique qu'avec les travaux de Jakobson et ceux de la pragmatique, et (ii) les différentes compréhensions de la catégorie nominale et du nom propre, en présentant l'approche fixiste de la théorie classique puis les perspectives dynamiques, telle que la praxématique. Enfin nous reprenons la présentation générale du Nmp dans les ouvrages de linguistique française (iii) et discutons les analyses réalisées autour de cette problématique. Deuxièmement nous proposons d'étudier les concepts de "nom " et de "marque", et leurs rapports dans le monde économique juridique et commercial afin de mieux saisir ensuite les mécanismes et les fonctionnements linguistiques en discours publicitaire. Notre troisième partie converge alors ces deux axes d'étude en proposant des analyses linguistiques sur corpus de la production de sens du Nmp. Nous examinons (i) l'influence de la contextualisation du Nmp sur la production de sens, (ii) l'oscillation de cette entité nominale entre rupture et respect des règles linguistiques, (iii) nous comparons le Nmp au nom propre prototypique révélant une forme d'hybridation linguistique, (iv) analysons la dialectique du même et de l'autre pour (v) souligner et étudier le dialogisme atypique de la nomination. À ces analyses de la production de sens en contexte s'ajoute l'analyse assistée par ordinateur de la quasi-totalité des noms déposés entre 1961 et 2003 à l'Institut National de la Propriété Industrielle dans le cadre d'une convention de recherche. Cette analyse vise à déterminer la récurrence des lettres, caractères spéciaux et chiffres, la proportion de néologismes, les évolutions graphiques et sémantiques au fil du temps, selon les classes de dépôt, etc
The way brands and products are named is more frequently analyzed by economic or law studies, than it is by linguistics. We propose such a linguistic study, firstly concerning the ‘power’ and ‘nature’ of such names through (i) the ‘magic’ functions of language (in anthropology, rhetorics, pragmatics and Jackobson's works), (ii) the various comprehensions of the nominal category in general and proper names in particular, by presenting the frozen point of view of classical linguistics then more progressive and dynamic ones, such as the praxematics. Then we synthetize the general presentation of brandnames and products names in French linguistic studies and discuss the analysis held so far under this problematic. The second chapter deals with the concepts of ‘name’ and ‘brand’ and their relationships with the economical, juridical and commercial world so as we might be able to understand the mechanisms and stakes of its use in advertising. The third chapter joins the two studies for the analyze of a corpus. We examine i) how contextualization influences the meaning, (ii) how the creation of those specific names alternate between respecting and disrespecting linguistic rules, (iii) the particuliarities of brands and products names vs prototypical proper names that help for the creation of what should be regarderd as a linguistic hybrid, (iv) we analyze the dialectical relationship between the « Même » (same: considering a social group, in which the enunciator feels legitimate) and the « Autre » (other: considering a social group that is different, opposed to the enunciator) to underline and study an untypical dialogism: the one applied to names and names only. Eventually, we present a large scale computer assisted analysis wich is based on a huge amount of brandnames and products names registred to the list of the National Institute of Undustrial Property between 1961 and 2003, thanks to a research agreement. We can then study the recurrence of letters (i. E. Phonological patterns), figures and special features, the proportion of neologisms, graphic and semantic evolutions along times

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „NDM”

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