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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Native men – psychology"
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Young, Thomas J., i Laurence French. "STATUS INTEGRATION AND SUICIDE AMONG NATIVE AMERICAN WOMEN". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 23, nr 2 (1.01.1995): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1995.23.2.155.
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The present study sought cross-cultural replication of studies reporting positive correlations for the percent of women in the labor force and suicide rates for men, supporting status integration theory. Contrary to expectations, data from the U.S. Indian Health Service areas yielded a significant, positive Pearson correlation coefficient for women but a nonsignificant correlation for men. Implications for cross-cultural research on status integration and suicide are discussed.
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Suire, Alexandre, Arnaud Tognetti, Valérie Durand, Michel Raymond i Melissa Barkat-Defradas. "Speech Acoustic Features: A Comparison of Gay Men, Heterosexual Men, and Heterosexual Women". Archives of Sexual Behavior 49, nr 7 (31.03.2020): 2575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01665-3.
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Abstract Potential differences between homosexual and heterosexual men have been studied on a diverse set of social and biological traits. Regarding acoustic features of speech, researchers have hypothesized a feminization of such characteristics in homosexual men, but previous investigations have so far produced mixed results. Moreover, most studies have been conducted with English-speaking populations, which calls for further cross-linguistic examinations. Lastly, no studies investigated so far the potential role of testosterone in the association between sexual orientation and speech acoustic features. To fill these gaps, we explored potential differences in acoustic features of speech between homosexual and heterosexual native French men and investigated whether the former showed a trend toward feminization by comparing theirs to that of heterosexual native French women. Lastly, we examined whether testosterone levels mediated the association between speech acoustic features and sexual orientation. We studied four sexually dimorphic acoustic features relevant for the qualification of feminine versus masculine voices: the fundamental frequency, its modulation, and two understudied acoustic features of speech, the harmonics-to-noise ratio (a proxy of vocal breathiness) and the jitter (a proxy of vocal roughness). Results showed that homosexual men displayed significantly higher pitch modulation patterns and less breathy voices compared to heterosexual men, with values shifted toward those of heterosexual women. Lastly, testosterone levels did not influence any of the investigated acoustic features. Combined with the literature conducted in other languages, our findings bring new support for the feminization hypothesis and suggest that the feminization of some acoustic features could be shared across languages.
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Venn, Jonathan. "MMPI Profiles of Native-, Mexican-, and Caucasian-American Male Alcoholics". Psychological Reports 62, nr 2 (kwiecień 1988): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.2.427.
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Sixteen Native-American and 16 Mexican-American men were matched with Caucasian-American men on the basis of age and marital status. All subjects took the MMPI during inpatient rehabilitation for alcoholism. The present findings support earlier observations that (a) the 2–4 code type is a normative group profile among alcoholics, (b) Mexican Americans tend to score higher than Caucasians on Scale L, and (c) significant differences between ethnic groups tend not to appear when the samples are matched for relevant variables like age and marital status.
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Tao, Peng, Dong Guoying i Stuart Brody. "Preliminary Study of a Chinese Language Short Form of the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale". Psychological Reports 105, nr 3_suppl (grudzień 2009): 1039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.105.f.1039-1046.
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To evaluate the internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity of a Chinese language short form (14-item) of the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale, data from 197 Chinese medical students were analyzed. Half (48 men, M age = 23.0 yr.; 51 women, M age = 22.0 yr.) were randomly assigned to receive standard instructions, and half (46 men, M age = 21.7 yr.; 52 women, M age = 21.5 yr.) were given mock job-selection instructions. The later had a higher mean Social Desirability score, which demonstrates discriminant validity. Split-half reliability was .71. Five factors were identified, but confirmatory factor analysis indicated adequate fit with a 1- or 2-factor model. Despite the challenge of translation into Chinese (in this case, involving translation into Mandarin and back-translation by native speakers for examination by a native speaker of English), this short form appears to have adequate internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity.
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Grandbois, G. H., i David Schadt. "Indian Identification and Alienation in an Urban Community". Psychological Reports 74, nr 1 (luty 1994): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.74.1.211.
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Studies of alienation among Native Americans have been few. Reliance on sociological and psychological themes is commonplace in explaining Native Americans' alienation. This project was designed to explore the relationship between alienation and Native Americans' identification (26 men, 27 women) in an urban setting. Analysis generated correlations for scores on alienation with age, years of schooling, years of living in the city, percentage of Indian blood, self-rating of Indian identity, and Indian pride which were affected by gender.
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Glass, Melinda H., Stephen L. Bieber i Marilyn J. Tkachuk. "Personality Styles and Dynamics of Alaska Native and Nonnative Incarcerated Men". Journal of Personality Assessment 66, nr 3 (czerwiec 1996): 583–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6603_8.
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Young, Thomas J. "LOCUS OF CONTROL AND SELF-REPORTED PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AMONG NATIVE AMERICANS". Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 20, nr 4 (1.01.1992): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1992.20.4.235.
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For 53 Native American college students positive, moderate Pearson correlation coefficients were found for scores from the Nowicki-Strickland Internal Locus of Control Scale and the Anxiety and Depression subscales and the Global Severity Index from the Brief Symptom Inventory. These findings, in contrast to previous research with black college men, suggest a relationship between locus of control and self-reported psychopathology for a sample of nonwhite subjects.
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Young, Thomas J. "Suicide and Homicide among Native Americans: Anomie Or Social Learning?" Psychological Reports 68, nr 3_suppl (czerwiec 1991): 1137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.68.3c.1137.
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Analysis of data for 12 areas of the Indian Health Services from the US Department of Health and Human Services yielded a rho of .61 between poverty and suicide for men and a significant rho of .65 for poverty with homicide rates. The Navajo area is an exception, raising for study questions about social disintegration. For the women, poverty was not significantly related to suicide or homicide rates, raising additional questions about social disintegration.
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Vrugt, Anneke. "Effects of a Smile: Reciprocation and Compliance with a Request". Psychological Reports 101, nr 3_suppl (grudzień 2007): 1196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.4.1196-1202.
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In this study, 639 native Dutch shoppers (279 men and 360 women) entering a department store, supermarket, or mall were approached with a request to sign a petition for animal welfare. The request was accompanied by a smile or a neutral expression displayed by a woman or a man. Results showed that a smile was reciprocated with a smile, especially by female participants. Participants were more likely to comply with the request of a woman than of a man. It was also found that smiling of the participant and compliance were related and that the reciprocation of a smile increased the likelihood of compliance with the request.
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Yang, Mu-Jang. "Reversibility of Reversible Chinese Words". Perceptual and Motor Skills 87, nr 2 (październik 1998): 656–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.87.2.656.
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Reversible Chinese words are words which can be read either from left to right or vice versa. The reversibility of reversible two-character Chinese words for 101 women and 73 men, native speakers of Chinese, was estimated.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Native men – psychology"
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Parry, Catherine Louisa. "The nature of the association between male violent offending and alexithymia". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/483.
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Previous researchers have alluded to an association between violence and alexithymia. Nemiah (1978) and H. Krystal (1979) were the first to report sudden outbursts of rage and or aggression in clinical observations of non-offender people with alexithymia. Limited research on the subject matter conducted since the time of those reports demonstrates that alexithymia is prevalent among male violent offenders. Much of the previous research, however, was performed with early assessments methods of alexithymia which often failed to measure all aspects of alexithymia. Furthermore, the exact nature of the association between violent offending and alexithymia is unclear. Given the high costs of violent offending to both society and victims it would appear necessary to assess for the presence of alexithymia among male violent offenders in order to provide appropriate intervention and treatment. The aim of this research was to determine the exact nature of the association between male violent offending and alexithymia. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) was employed for this purpose. As the scale had not previously been standardised in Australia, the aim of the first research question was to examine the utility of the cut-off scores and stability of the factor structure with a Western Australian community sample. This was achieved by a comparison of the means of the original Canadian standardisation sample with the means of the Western Australian sample (n = 323). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was employed to assess the factor structure. The Canadian cut-off scores proved to be applicable with Western Australian participants and stability of the factor structure was confirmed. Through the analysis, however, some psychometric weaknesses of the scale were revealed. The second research question was aimed at determining the prevalence of alexithymia among male violent offenders in Western Australia. A sample of 79 violent offenders incarcerated in prisons around Western Australia was recruited for Study Two. The results of a chi-square analysis for Study Two demonstrated an association between male violent offending and alexithymia. The aim of the third research question was to determine the exact nature of the association. For this purpose, all the TAS-20 scores of the violent offender sample, males in the community sample and a non-violent offender sample (comprising of 67 male participants) were compared by means of a Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and post-hoc Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). There were statistically significant differences between community males and both the offender groups, with higher TAS-20 scores for the offender groups. The differences between the two offender groups were not statistically significant. Furthermore non-violent offenders were just as likely as violent offenders to score above the cut-off score on the TAS-20. The results suggest that there is an association between not only alexithymia and violent offending, but also alexithymia and offending in general. The consistent results for all the TAS-20 factor scores further suggest that it is alexithymia in general, rather than a specific aspect of alexithymia that is associated with offending. The current results are discussed in terms of forensic, clinical and research implications.
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Nyquist, Sophia. ""Vi är ju en del av det hela liksom, vi tror att vi kan ställa oss på sidan om, men vi kan inte det." : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om anordnares upplevelse av att arbeta med lantbruksbaserade insatser". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84351.
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Agriculture-based interventions fall under the umbrella of nature-based interventions, meaning social and care interventions such as rehabilitation, habilitation and daily activities in conjunction with animals and/or nature. The purpose of the study was to examine Grön Arena-organizers' experiences working in green care based on the questions of "what makes one choose to work in green care?" and "which factors encourage and inhibit organizer motivation in their work with green care?". During march of 2021, eight semistructured interviews were performed on the subject. The transcribed material was then analyzed with thematic analysis. A total of three themes were identified: Humanitarian action, Resistance and obstacles with the two sub-themes (Negative attitudes and experiences as well as Economics and politics), and Conviction in method. The results of the study shows the presence of both significant motivational and demotivational factors that affect the drive and motivation of the organizers. A need for the organizers to help and work with other people became clear, as did a desire to be closer to nature and animals. Furthermore, a deep-seated belief in the healing bond between humans and nature was a central and recurring motivational theme. On the other hand is a sense of external resistance springing from a lack of public knowledge about green care initiatives, as well as assumptions surrounding organizers' motives in opening green care facilities, coupled with difficulties of economic sustainability and reliability. The study shows that there is room for further research into the nature of these initiatives, as well as significant potential for these types of interventions to complement a traditional care model going forward.Lantbruksbaserade insatser går in under paraplybegreppet naturbaserade insatser som innebär att sociala och vårdande insatser som rehabilitering, habilitering, daglig verksamhet kombineras med djur och/eller natur. Studiens syfte var att utforska anordnare inom Grön Arenas upplevelse av att arbeta med grön omsorg utifrån frågeställningarna "varför arbetar man med grön omsorg? samt "vilka faktorer främjar och hämmar anordnares motivation i arbetet med grön omsorg?". Sammanlagt genomfördes åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer i mars 2021. Transkriberat material analyserades utifrån metoden tematisk analys. Totalt tre teman identifierades: Humanitärt intresse, Motkrafter och hinder med två underteman (Negativa attityder och erfarenheter, Ekonomi och politik) och Övertygelse om metod. Resultatet visar att det förekommer både motiverande och demotiverande faktorer som påverkar anordnares drivkraft och motivation. En stark vilja att arbeta med och för människor framträdde tillsammans med en önskan om närhet till djur och natur som positiva motivationsfaktorer. Vidare beskrevs en tilltro till det band som finns mellan människa och naturen och de fördelar som kommer med detta band. Demotiverande var det upplevda yttre motstånd som låg kring en liten kännedom om fenomenet grön omsorg, negativa uppfattningar kring anordnares motivation till att starta en grön omsorgsverksamhet och en viss svårighet kring stabilitet gällande grön omsorg som inkomstkälla. Studien visar att det finns utrymme för utökad forskning kring området och en stor framtidspotential för konceptet som komplement till sedvanlig vård.
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Hedfors, Maria, i Christian Säll. "Går vägen till närvaro genom skogen? : Effekter av att vistas i skogen på medveten närvaro, känslan av samhörighet med naturen och välmående". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78156.
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Det finns ett överväldigande stöd från över 30 års forskning att kontakt med naturen påverkar vårt välbefinnande avsevärt. Utöver kontakt med naturen är det också känt att medveten närvaro ger effekter på välmående. Ett växande intresse finns för kombinationen av medveten närvaro och kontakt med naturen. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur skogsvistelser kan påverka olika former av medveten närvaro, känslan av samhörighet med naturen och välmående. Genom en single case experimental design, med multipla baslinjer samt pre- och postmätning med kompletterande kvalitativa frågor, fick 14 icke-kliniska deltagare (12 kvinnor och 2 män) utföra sex skogsvistelser à 15 minuter under två veckor utifrån enkla instruktioner givna vid ett tillfälle. Den här studien fann på gruppnivå en signifikant ökning på färdigheter i medveten närvaro, med stor effekt på delskalan observera. Färdigheter i medveten närvaro sågs också korrelera starkt med upplevt välmående. Visuell analys av upprepad mätning visade ingen tydlig ökning av tillstånd respektive färdigheter i medveten närvaro. Det fanns dock flertalet kvalitativa beskrivningar som kunde tolkas som uttryck för tillstånd av medveten närvaro vid skogsvistelserna. Deltagarnas beskrivningar gav också tydligt uttryck för välmående i samband med skogsvistelserna. Resultaten indikerar att korta, enkla och kostnadseffektiva interventioner i skogsmiljö kan ge ökade färdigheter i medveten närvaro samt tillstånd av medveten närvaro och välmående. Ytterligare forskning behövs för att vidare undersöka hur medveten närvaro, känslan av samhörighet med naturen och välmående påverkar varandra.There is overwhelming support from over 30 years of research that contact with nature has a significant impact on our well-being. In addition to contact with nature, mindfulness is known to give effects on well-being. There is a growing interest in the combination of mindfulness and contact with nature. The purpose of this study was to investigate how being in forest can affect different forms of mindfulness, connectedness to nature and well-being. Through a Single Case Experimental Design with multiple baselines as well as pre- and postmeasurement with supplementary qualitative questions, 14 non-clinical participants (12 women and 2 men) carried out six forest visits à 15 minutes for two weeks based on a simple single instruction. This study found a significant increase in trait mindfulness on a group level, with a large effect on the subscale observing. Trait mindfulness were also seen to correlate strongly with perceived well-being. Visual analysis of repeated measurement showed no obvious increase of state or trait mindfulness. However, there were a number of qualitative responses that could be interpreted as state mindfulness at the forest visits. The participants' descriptions also clearly expressed well-being during the forest visits. The results indicate that short, simple and cost-effective interventions in the forest can provide increased trait mindfulness as well as state mindfulness and well-being. Further research is needed to further investigate how mindfulness, nature connectedness, and well-being affect each other.
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Hall, Robert L. (Robert Lee) 1956. "Natural Innocence in "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn", the Nick Adams Stories, and "The Old Man and the Sea"". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500586/.
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Hemingway claims in Green Hills of Africa that "all modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn." If this basic idea is applied to his own work, elements of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn appear in some of Hemingway's Nick Adams stories and his novel The Old Man and the Sea. All major characters and several minor characters in these works share the quality of natural innocence, composed of their primitivism, sensibility, and active morality. Hemingway's Nick, Santiago, and Manolin, and Twain's Huck Finn and Jim reflect their authors' similar backgrounds and experiences and themselves come from similar environments. These environments are directly related to their continued possession and expression of their natural innocence.
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Järpeskog, Timo M. "Hyperrealitet, perceptionsfenomenologi och relationsinramning : Prövandet av en teoretisk förklaringsmodell med utgångspunkt från en kritisk undersökning av forskning om naturens läkande egenskaper". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Religionsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27284.
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Denna masteruppsats diskuterar naturens läkande effekt på människan genom att analysera nuvarande forskningsläge i både svenskt och internationellt perspektiv. Analysen förstås genom en teoretisk modell som baserar sig på ekologisk perceptionsfenomenologi, hyperrealitet och relationsinramning. Uppsatsens slutsats är att naturens läkande effekt kan förklaras med en perceptiv relation mellan människan och den mer-än-mänskliga världen, men också, att mer forskning behövs.This master thesis discusses the healing properties of nature on the human being through an analysis of current Swedish and international research. The analysis is made by using a theoretical model based on ecological perception phenomenology, hyperreality and relational frame theory. The conclusion of the thesis is that the healing properties of nature may be explained by the perceptive relation between the human being and the more-than-human world, but also that more research is needed.
Książki na temat "Native men – psychology"
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ʻĪsawī, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān. Sīkūlūjīyah al-Islām wa-al-insān al-muʻāṣir = Islam and man. Bayrūt: Dār al-Rātib al-Jāmʻīyah, 2001.
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Antonov, Vladimir. Ecopsychology: Harmony of communication with nature, psychic self-regulation, spiritual heart, spiritual development, man and god destiny, meaning of life, upbringing of children, art. chakras. kundalini, ecopsychologists cognize and study god. [Charleston, S.C.]: CreateSpace, 2008.
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Darwin, Charles. The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. London: Penguin Group UK, 2010.
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Darwin, Charles. The Expression of the emotions in man and animals. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press, 2011.
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Darwin, Charles. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. Wyd. 3. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
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Darwin, Charles. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. New York: New York University Press, 1989.
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Darwin, Charles. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. Wyd. 3. London: HarperCollins, 1999.
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Desmond, Morris. The naked ape. London: Quality Paperbacks Direct, 1994.
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Desmond, Morris. The illustrated naked ape: A zoologist's study of the human animal. London: Cape, 1986.
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Desmond, Morris. The naked ape: A zoologist's study of the human animal. London: Vintage, 1994.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Native men – psychology"
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Rouse, Leah M. "American Indians, Alaska Natives, and the psychology of men and masculinity." W APA handbook of men and masculinities., 319–37. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/14594-015.
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van den Berg, Agnes E., i Henk Staats. "Environmental psychology". W Oxford Textbook of Nature and Public Health, redaktorzy Matilda van den Bosch i William Bird, 51–56. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725916.003.0035.
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Within the field of environmental psychology, a theoretical perspective on the health effects of nature has developed. This chapter begins with a discussion of theories on scenic beauty and environmental preference as a backdrop for understanding which environments are benign for human health and well-being. It then reports on theories on the restorative, or stress-relieving, effects of contact with natural environments. The third section discusses advances in environmental psychology, including theories on basic visual processes that may underlie restoration. The chapter concludes with some closing comments regarding the contribution of environmental psychology to health promotion, along with suggestions for new directions in theorizing and empirical research.
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Ryan, Alan. "The Nature of Human Nature in Hobbes and Rousseau". W The Making of Modern Liberalism. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691148403.003.0012.
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This chapter examines the similarities and divergences between Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau with regard to their account of human nature. It begins with a discussion of Hobbes's science of human nature, which is part of his science of nature in general. Hobbes's psychology is in principle reducible to physiology, and ultimately to physics. Self-maintenance is the major imperative facing the Hobbesian man. The chapter then considers Rousseau's claims, which he articulated in the Discourse on the Origins of Inequality, that men without society must be mere isolated animals. For Rousseau, natural man is not the noble savage, nor is he Hobbes's rational egoist. Both these conditions are social conditions and, in an important sense, nonnatural. There is a good deal of straightforward Hobbes-like utilitarianism in the Social Contract.
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"6 Science Unwanted: The Law and Psychology". W Laws of Men and Laws of Nature, 211–53. Harvard University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/9780674037694-008.
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Weinman, John, i Keith J. Petrie. "Health psychology". W New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1135–43. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0147.
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Health psychology is concerned with understanding human behaviour in the context of health, illness, and health care. It is the study of the psychological factors, which determine how people stay healthy, why they become ill, and how they respond to illness and health care. Health psychology has emerged as a separate discipline in the past 30 years and there are many reasons for its rapid development. An important background factor is the major change in the nature of health problems in industrialized societies during the twentieth century. Chronic illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have become the leading causes of death, and behavioural factors such as smoking, diet, and stress are now recognized as playing a major role in the aetiology and progression of these diseases. The provision of health care has grown enormously and there is an increased awareness of good communication as a central ingredient of medical care and of the importance of such factors as patient satisfaction and quality of life as key outcomes in evaluating the efficacy of medical interventions. Although health psychology has developed over a similar time period to general hospital/liaison psychiatry and shares some common areas of interest, there are some clear differences between these two fields. Liaison psychiatry has a primary focus on hospital patients, particularly those experiencing psychological difficulties in the face of a physical health problem. In contrast, health psychology has a much broader focus on both healthy and ill populations and on the psychological processes that influence their level of health or their degree of adaptation to disease. Whereas health psychology has been mainly concerned with developing explanations based on theory, for health-related and illness-related behaviour, liaison psychiatry has concentrated on the diagnosis and treatment of either unexplained symptoms or psychiatric disorders occurring in people with medical conditions (see the other chapters in Part 5 of this volume). In this chapter we provide an overview of the main themes and areas in health psychology. Four broad areas of behaviour will be reviewed, namely behavioural factors influencing health, symptom and illness behaviour, health care behaviour, and treatment behaviour. Inevitably such an overview is selective and the interested reader should seek out a more comprehensive introductory text or more in-depth accounts of specific areas.
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Ghaemi, S. Nassir. "Psychology of Psychopharmacology". W Clinical Psychopharmacology, redaktor S. Nassir Ghaemi, 437–39. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199995486.003.0042.
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The practice of giving medications for psychiatric conditions has inevitable psychological aspects. A central one is transference and countertransference, the unconscious and conscious emotions that arise between patient and clinician. Secondary gain can be another factor, with conscious non-medical goals on the part of the patient—as in other psychiatric settings, patients either come to treatment, or avoid it, because of reasons or factors which may have nothing to do with the actual treatment itself. Pill-seeking patients who come for clinical care sometimes aggressively seek medications. The social role of the psychiatric clinician is relevant as well, as patients in the Western world in particular go to mental health professionals for concerns that sometimes are non-medical in nature. In the past, people with personal problems unrelated to diseases often went to priests or other religious guides. Currently, in the industrialized West, fewer people follow those traditions and many instead seek the help of mental health professionals.
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Taylor, M. W. "Individualism And The Organic Conception Of Society". W Men Versus the State, 131–66. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198202394.003.0005.
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Abstract The politically conservative nature of Individualism is illustrated, not only by its transformation of the association psychology or of the liberal conception of progress, but also by the attempts of some Individualists to secure support for their principles from a biologically inspired science of society. In the first volume of The Principles of Sociology Spencer had drawn an extensive analogy between a biological organism and the social aggregate, and this conception of the ‘social organism’ did much to determine the principal concerns of social science in the closing decades of the nineteenth century. The present chapter will be concerned with the attempts of Spencer and other Individualists to use the conception of society as an organism as part of the defence of an individualistic social order.
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Greenblatt, Samuel H. "Enlarging Prospects and Evolving Ideas". W John Hughlings Jackson, 54–90. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780192897640.003.0004.
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In 1865 Jackson married his cousin, Elizabeth Dade Jackson, which was an indication of his stable position in the upper middle class. The marriage was childless but otherwise profoundly happy. In the period 1865–1867 his main interests were epilepsy and aphasia. In the mid-nineteenth century the nosology of epilepsy was chaotic and not consistently based on pathophysiology. Simultaneously, his efforts to understand aphasia brought him into intellectual contact with his native English tradition of associationism (association psychology), which was antithetical to the French faculty psychology. Associationism’s leaders at the time were Alexander Bain and Herbert Spencer, who together brought to it the results of early modern neuroscience. Bain emphasized the motor aspect of word recognition. Spencer had a conception of a ‘physiological unit’, which facilitated Jackson’s gradual acceptance of motor processes in the cerebral cortices.
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Corballis, Michael C., i Ivan L. Beale. "Man, Nature, and the Conservation of Parity". W The Psychology of Left and Right, 190–97. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003049029-13.
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Corballis, Michael C., i Ivan L. Beale. "Man, Nature, and the Conservation of Parity". W The Psychology of Left and Right, 190–97. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003049029-13.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Native men – psychology"
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Rashmi, Rashmi, i Hema Ganapathy-Coleman. "Intermarried Couples: Transnationalism, and Racialized Experiences in Denmark and Canada". W International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/pjcx8077.
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Despite an increase in interracial or mixed marriages (intermarriages) globally, the experiences of couples in such marriages are generally under-researched, particularly within psychology. Using a cultural psychological framework and qualitative methods, this paper studies the psychosocial experiences of couples in intermarriages. It focuses on four South Asians in ethnically intermarriages in two settings: two Indian-origin men married to native Danish women in Denmark, and two Indian-origin women married to Euro-American men in Canada. Data from in-depth interviews were subjected to a thematic analysis yielding an array of themes, of which this paper presents the two most dominant themes across the two contexts: ‘transnationalism’ and ‘racialized experiences in social situations’. The results demonstrate that the participants lived transnational lives to varying degrees depending on their gender, socio-economic status and age, which in turn intersected with variables such as the nature of the transnational relationships they were attempting to sustain, and their own motivations and agency in maintaining these ties. While in some cases participants maintained a high level of contact with India through visits and digital technology, others kept up limited ongoing contact with the country of origin. Furthermore, varying racialized experiences emerged from the narratives, with differences in how these experiences were interpreted. While some participants recognized them as racial discrimination, others chose to rationalize these experiences in various ways. After offering an account of these results, the paper reflects briefly on the implications of these findings.
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Tuchina, O., i E. Trunova. "THE IDEA OF THE FUTURE IN CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY: POSSIBILITIES AND METHODS OF RESEARCH". W Man and Nature: Priorities of Modern Research in the Area of Interaction of Nature and Society. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2586.s-n_history_2021_44/63-67.
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The article discusses the theoretical approach and methodology of the study of ideas about the future in a transitive society. The problem of studying the image of the future belongs to the category of interdisciplinary, including research in the field of philosophy, political science, psychology, pedagogy, and sociology. The implementation of the research tasks is associated with the consideration and empirical study of the key socio-psychological factors of the perception of global, national, local risks of the modern world by adolescents and young people. The novelty of the proposed approach is associated with its interdisciplinarity, which involves the creation of a model for forming the image of the future of adolescents and young people in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions
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Szeto, Andrew, Richard Sorrentino, Satoru Yasunaga i John Nezlek. "Uncertainty Orientation: A Theory of Self-Regulation Within and Across Cultures as Related to Cognition". W International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/pqjw1150.
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Erich Fromm once said “the quest for certainty blocks the search for meaning. Uncertainty is the very condition to impel man to unfold his powers.” For some, this quote is unmistakably true, impelling them to great discoveries of nature and the mind. For others, uncertainty is the very essence of confusion and ambiguity, offering nothing more than reason to retreat to more predictable and certain times. In this chapter, we explore the theory of uncertainty orientation as related to cognition and cognitive processes, including research that was conducted in Canada, Japan, and China. First, we discuss the characteristic uncertainty selfregulation styles that distinguish uncertainty-oriented individuals from certainty-oriented individuals. Next, we discuss the uncertainty orientation framework which integrates one’s uncertainty self-regulation style, the uncertainty present in the situation, and one’s characteristic motivations (e.g., achievement motivations) to predict performance outcomes in the related motivation domain. After discussing these basic tenants of our framework, we examine some of the cross-cultural research that has directly tested the predictions of the theory of uncertainty orientation. Concluding, we contrast our conceptualization of culture with how culture is commonly conceived in cross-cultural research.
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Bubnovskaya, Olesya, i Vitalina Leonidova. "Cognitive factor of psychological safety: gender aspect". W Safety psychology and psychological safety: problems of interaction between theorists and practitioners. «Publishing company «World of science», LLC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15862/53mnnpk20-08.
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The relevance of the problem posed in the article is determined by the role of psychological safety in the development of the individual against the background of the growth of securitization in modern society, the need to detect factors affecting it. The purpose of the study is to establish the nature of the relationship between cognitive variables and psychological safety of the individual, considering the gender. According to the hypothesis of the study, gender characteristics of the individual, determining the cognitive component of the individual's attitude to himself and to the world, affect psychological safety. The sample of the study included university students of Vladivostok (n=300, 60 – men, 240 – women, the average age is 19 years). Used methods: “Psychological safety of educational environment” (PSEE)” (Baeva I.A.), “Kiselev’s thermometer” (“gradusnik sostoi͡aniĭ”), (Kiselev Yu.Ya.), “Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI)” (Bem S.), “World assumptions scale” (Yanov-Bulman R.) in the adaptation by Padun M. A., Kotelnikova A.V. with comparative, correlation, regression and factor analysis in the Python. The results show significant correlations between gender and basic beliefs of the individual (p≤0,001), safety of the educational environment, components of psychological safety (p≤0,001); stable influence of masculinity and femininity on the attitude of the individual to the world and to himself, on the components and characteristics of safety (determination coefficients – 0,5-0,6). Based on the study of data on psychological safety and basic beliefs of students, considering their gender traits, conclusions are made about the influence of gender on the cognitive component of safety. In general, gender characteristics and beliefs of an individual are important for psychological safety, although a strict determination was not identified in the study and requires further study. The influence of gender on beliefs about peace and safety is more pronounced in the feminine type than in the masculine type. The sense of safety of a person with feminine traits is largely due to her trust in others, faith in a good and fair world, and with masculine traits – the belief in her ability to control events.
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Vieira, Jussane Oliveira, Hugo Leite de Farias Brito i Jeronimo Gonçalves de Araújo. "GRANULOMATOUS MASTITIS CAUSED BY HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM". W XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1039.
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Histoplasma is a thermally dimorphic fungus with endemic and opportunistic behavior, which causes a systemic disease known as histoplasmosis. The habitat for this fungus is soil laden with bird and bat droppings, in caves and henhouses, and it persists in the environment long after the contamination. This fungus is widely disseminated in the American continent. In South American countries, the disease is mainly present in Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. Man is contaminated by inhaling conidia present in nature, and most infections are mild and subclinical. After being inhaled, conidia undergo phagocytosis by macrophages and mononuclear cells, which are unable to destroy them. They multiply inside these cells, traveling through mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes and into the bloodstream, spleen, bone marrow, liver, skin, and subcutaneous tissue. The diagnosis is based on the detection of the fungus in secretions or tissues and in serology tests. Among these tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays are more sensitive and specific than complement fixation. Tissue biopsies show epithelioid granulomas, with or without necrosis, and fungi within phagocytic cells. Gomori-Groccot staining is required for the visualization of the fungus. A 22-year-old female patient, an undergraduate psychology student, from the urban area of the inner state of Sergipe, no comorbidities, vegetarian, visited a mastologist due to the recent appearance of a nodule in the right breast associated with signs of inflammation and no fever. The clinical examination showed a 2 cm palpable, retroareolar thickening, and thickening of the areolar skin with discrete hyperemia, and no palpable axillary lymph nodes. The patient was initially treated with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid for 7 days. After treatment, there was regression of the inflammation signs upon physical examination; however, the thickening remained and the areolar skin was still thickened and hard. An ultrasound of the right breast showed a well-defined heterogeneous, superficial, and elongated retroareolar nodular image, measuring 3.4×1.2 cm. A breast ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed, and the cytology test suggested an inflammatory process. After 1 month, the patient returned with two areolar fistulas with yellowish discharge. A new cycle of antimicrobial therapy was started with clindamycin for 14 days. The secretion was decreased over the antibiotic period; however, 14 days after the treatment, the two areolar fistulas were still present with yellowish discharge. A third cycle of antibiotic therapy with metronidazole was administered with no improvement. An excisional biopsy was performed of the area around the fistula and the underlying breast tissue. Two specimens were examined — one skin specimen with the fistulizing areas measuring 1.9×0.8×0.8 cm, and the other specimen measuring 1.7 cm, corresponding to the breast tissue beyond the fistulas, measuring 1.7×1×0.2 cm. Histopathological evaluation of the specimen showed a chronic, granulomatous inflammatory process, with exudative foci and formation of a fistulous tract, chronic inflammatory lymphoplasmacytic reaction, fibrosis, and giant cell reaction. Screening for fungi (Groccot) showed small, clustered yeast-like structures in the cytoplasm of macrophages, suggestive of histoplasmosis. The patient’s clinical tests included hemoglobin of 9 and a white blood cell count of 3,500, with a normal differential count. Screenings for HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C were negative, fasting blood glucose was normal, and liver function was normal. The anemia investigation revealed only a ferroprivic component because of the vegetarian diet. The patient was subjected to general chest and abdominal examinations with no abnormalities. The patient was started on itraconazole 200 mg a day for 1 year, with no relapse until the end of the treatment.
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Lavrova, N., N. Lavrov i V. Lavrov. "ДВОЙСТВЕННОСТЬ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СВОЙСТВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА ПОД КОНТРОЛЕМ МАКРОЭВОЛЮЦИИ И МИКРОЭВОЛЮЦИОННОЙ ВОРОНКИ МУТАЦИЙ". W ПЕРВЫЙ МЕЖКОНТИНЕНТАЛЬНЫЙ ЭКСТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС «ПЛАНЕТА ПСИХОТЕРАПИИ 2022: ДЕТИ. СЕМЬЯ. ОБЩЕСТВО. БУДУЩЕЕ». Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2022.41.25.001.
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The discussion of the consequences of the evolutionary changes of modern man unites psychology and genetics. Psychogenetics, trying to answer the question under discussion, focuses attention on the dynamics of the genome, as well as on microevolutionary behavioral and organismic changes in humans. Microevolution is characterized by discrete changes in individuals of related species as a result of natural selection of mutations from a funnel containing random mutations, as well as those provoked by the circumstances of the vital activity of the organism. At the same time, the universal principles of the ordering of matter in the conditions of changing energy flows extend to the macroevolution of living matter. Macroevolution is an expedient process of the formation of the animal world and the development of the psyche as a result of the systematic ordering of mutations that are integrated into the funnel in accordance with the biological significance of information and its inherent energy. In the course of macroevolution, the change in the structural and functional ordering of organisms is accompanied by an update of the structure of populations. The key point in understanding the nature of macroevolution is the recognition of the commonality of energy and information as the determining factor of expedient evolutionary changes in organisms. This paper presents the results of neurophysiological studies that have shown the unity of information and energy in brain processes. The data obtained confirm the assumption that the ordering of information and energy flows in accordance with biological significance is a macroevolutionary factor in combination with a microevolutionary one, which is due to the natural selection of mutations. Observations of members of crisis families made it possible to trace the dynamics of motivations and experiences caused by intra-family disagreements and violation of family relations. Behavioral motivations of family discord were provoked by the protection of individual life values, which are set by microevolution, which supports the functional resource of the individual. When settling disagreements, motivations that restore the well-being of family relations prevailed. Restorative motivations corresponded to the macroevolutionary principles of group consolidation and the ordering of social relations in the process of survival and reproduction. During family conflicts and during the divorce process, family members had received psychic trauma with long-lasting consequences. The construction of psychological protection with an appeal to the individual scale of life values and the mobilization of functional potential, supported by microevolutionary selection of mental properties, did not get rid of negative consequences. Wellbeing was restored as the duality of behavioral motivations was overcome, while actions corresponded to macroevolutionary family principles and microevolutionary principles of individual development. Обсуждение вопроса относительно последствий эволюционных изменений современного человека объединяет психологию и генетику. Психогенетика, пытаясь ответить на обсуждаемый вопрос, фокусирует внимание на динамике генома, а также на микроэволюционных поведенческих и организменных изменениях человека. Микроэволюция характеризуется дискретными изменениями особей родственных видов в результате естественного отбора мутаций из воронки, содержащей случайные мутации, а также те, которые спровоцированы обстоятельствами жизнедеятельности организма. При этом всеобщие принципы упорядоченности материи в условиях изменяющихся потоков энергии распространяются на макроэволюцию живой материи. Макроэволюция представляет собой целесообразный процесс формирования животного мира и развития психики в результате системной упорядоченности мутаций, которые интегрируются в воронке в соответствии с биологической значимостью информации и присущей ей энергии. В ходе макроэволюции изменение структурно-функциональной упорядоченности организмов сопровождается обновлением структуры популяций. Ключевой момент в понимании природы макроэволюции заключается в признании общности энергии и информации в качестве действенного фактора целесообразных эволюционных изменений организмов. В данной работе приводятся результаты нейрофизиологических исследований, показавших единство информации и энергии в мозговых процессах. Полученные данные подтверждают предположение о том, что упорядоченность информационно-энергетических потоков в соответствии с биологической значимостью представляет собой макроэволюционный фактор, сопряженный с микроэволюционным, который обусловлен фильтрацией воронки мутаций. Наблюдения за членами кризисных семей позволили проследить динамику мотиваций и переживаний, вызванных внутрисемейными разногласиями и нарушением упорядоченности семейных отношений. Поведенческие мотивации семейного разлада провоцировались защитой индивидуальных жизненных ценностей, которые заданы микроэволюцией, поддерживающей функциональный ресурс личности. При урегулировании разногласий преобладали мотивации, восстанавливающие благополучие семейных отношений. Восстановительные мотивации соответствовали макроэволюционным принципам групповой консолидации и упорядоченности социальных отношений в процессе выживания и воспроизведения. Во время семейных конфликтов и в ходе бракоразводного процесса члены семей получали психическую травму с длительными последствиями. Построение психологической защиты с обращением к индивидуальной шкале жизненных ценностей и мобилизацией функционального потенциала, поддерживаемого микроэволюционным отбором психических свойств, не избавляла от негативных последствий кризисных переживаний. Благополучие восстанавливалось по мере преодоления двойственности поведенческих мотиваций при соответствии поступков макроэволюционным семейным принципам и микроэволюционным принципам индивидуального развития.