Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Nanotechnologie – Environnement”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 29 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Nanotechnologie – Environnement”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Graniel, tamayo Octavio. "Atomic layer deposition for biosensing applications". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS071.
Pełny tekst źródłaAtomic layer deposition (gls{ald}) has emerged as an essential vapor deposition technique of thin films for countless applications. The rising demand for electronic components and nanostructured materials has established gls{ald} as one of the key fabrication processes in the nanotechnology market.In this work, novel nanostructured materials that can be used as transducers in biosensor devices are presented. These materials have been prepared by a combination of gls{ald} with top-down and bottom-up techniques such as nanosphere lithography (gls{nsl}), physical vapor deposition (gls{pvd}), metal-assisted chemical etching (gls{mace}), and electrodeposition.As a first promising candidate, silicon nanowires (gls{sinws}) covered with ZnO by gls{ald} were fabricated. These 3D structures are quite attractive for optical biosensing applications thanks to their intense photoluminescence (gls{pl}) activity at room temperature. As a first approach, these core/shell nanostructures were fully characterized and tested as possible sensors for the detection of hydrogen peroxide, which is a common reaction product of several oxidoreductases.In addition, Au-covered hollow urchin-like ZnO nanostructures were prepared with controlled size by combining NSL, gls{ald}, electrodeposition, and electron beam (gls{ebeam}) evaporation. The influence of the Au film thickness on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (gls{sers}) capabilities of the substrates was investigated. The optimized structures were used to detect thiophenol molecules with a limit of detection (gls{lod}) of SI{e-8}{Molar}. Additionally, adenine can be detected with a concentration as low as SI{e-6}{Molar}. The excellent uniformity and batch-to-batch repeatability of the substrates makes them excellent candidates for reliable SERS sensing and biosensing.Moreover, a miscellaneous group of novel materials with enticing features that can be readily applied in sensing, catalysis, and plasmonics is presented. Bimetallic Pd/Au nanoparticles supported on gls{sinws} with gls{ald} and galvanic replacement were fabricated. Furthermore, hollow urchin-like ZnO structures with ZIF-8 via electrodeposition were fabricated for possible SERS applications
Nasiri, Aida. "Development of Safe-by-Design Nano-composites for Food Packaging Application". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT076.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe market of nanotechnologies is dominated by the food packaging area which amounts more than 20% of the total nanotechnologies market in 2015. However, the wide-scale use of nanomaterials raises important questions about environmental and safety issues that could hinder their development. In the case of plastics intended to be in contact with food, the risk of contamination concerns not only the nanoparticles but also all the chemical additives added during the material processing. The presence of nanoparticles is susceptible to modify the interactions between polymer and the additives with a possible change in their transport properties and therefore the food contamination.The present work aims at identifying the relationship between the structural characteristic and the transport properties (diffusivity and solubility) of nanoparticles and chemical additives incorporated in nanocomposites. In this regard, it is necessary to fill the gap of knowledge in 3D nanostructure characterization and a multi-scale modeling of mass transfer properties of nanocomposites in real usage conditions.In this way, polyethylene and nanoclay were selected based on the best compromise between real potential applications and the scientific knowledge previously published and eventually the nanocomposites were synthesized with LLDPE, Cloisite20 and a compatibilizer by melt intercalation method.The nanocomposite structure was characterized using TEM, X-ray nanotomography, TGA and XRD then submitted to migration tests undertaken in contact with different food simulants which represent various types of food (aqueous, acid, alcoholic) following the recommendation of the European regulation on the food contact material. To evaluate the positive or adverse effects of the nanomaterials on the contamination of the food by chemical additives which are usually incorporated with the plastic packaging, the virgin polymer and nanocomposite material were spiked with a mixture of the additives exhibiting various volatility, polarity and molecular weight. Then, the transport properties (i.e inertia) of nanocomposite structure was distinctively investigated on kinetic (apparent diffusion coefficient) and thermodynamic (partition coefficient) considerations.The results indicated that nanoclay addition in plastic materials favorably reduced the migration of additives by modifying both their diffusivity in the polymer and their partition between the polymer and the food simulant. However, while the partition coefficient of additives increases in nanocomposite in comparison to pure LLDPE for the samples in contact with all types of food simulants, the reduction of diffusion coefficient is significantly dependent on the nature of the food simulant in contact. Hence, it can be concluded that the major role in the migration of additives is not played by the imposed tortuosity path, but by the factors such as the affinity between the base polymer and simulants as well as the effects of simulants on swelling and crystallinity of the samples. Moreover, the effect of additive-related parameters and the structural parameters were assessed and put in perspective with their impact on the transport properties of nanostructures. Integrating the results of characterization and transfer properties led to an improved understanding of the influence of structure of nanocomposites on their mass transfer properties and therefore on the suitability of using them as food contact materials
Soldatenko, Alexandra. "Les implications juridiques des nanotechnologies". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAA033.
Pełny tekst źródłaWhile a significant number of products containing nanomaterials is already in widespread use, we have little understanding of risks and benefits they can bring to the society in the long term. The objective of this PhD thesis is to answer the following question: which regulatory framework can ensure a high level of protection against real or suspected risks of nanotechnologies while promoting competitiveness and innovation ? Although the European Union and the United States have attempted to find nuanced solutions according to the needs, capacities and challenges, which are proper to each sector concerned and their respective legal traditions, the emerging regulatory framework for nanotechnologies is characterised by a high degree of fragmentation
Ostapchuk, Mariia. "Determinants of market uptake of innovation in a situation of uncertainty about environmental and health risks : From BPA to nanotechnology". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED058/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaUncertainty is immanent in every innovation. Uncertainty about environmental and health risks that surround nanotechnology raises the questions of innovation success. Due in part to a lack of consistent data, there is limited empirical literature on determinants of the diffusion of nanotechnology. As part of a research program on nanotechnology, this research aims to investigate determinants of uptake of innovation in a situation of uncertainty about environmental and health risks. With this goal, as a first step, this work seeks to provide better understanding of the diffusion of a product that has been on the market for a long time. We have chosen a chemical, bisphenol A (BPA), because of the lack of historical data on nanomaterials. As a second step, we compare the results of the BPA study to nanosilver. We apply different econometric methods to gain insights into the relationship between consumption, economic growth, new scientific knowledge about risk and other variables using the data on BPA. The results illustrate a set of factors that influences the consumption of BPA at international level. The comparative study between BPA and nanosilver helps to refine the interpretation of main results and to obtain additional insights into the determinants of uptake of nanosilver. An explanatory analysis sheds light on the actions that different stakeholders undertake in response to new scientific knowledge about risk and deepens our understanding of “nanoresponsible development”.Keywords: Innovation, diffusion of innovation, product life cycle, nanotechnology, bisphenol A, risk, uncertainty, environment, health, precautionary principle, Safer by Design, responsible development
Evain, Samuel. "μSpider Environnement de Conception de Réseau sur Puce". Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00165436.
Pełny tekst źródłaNotre étude repose sur une solution émergente qui est celle des réseaux sur puce (NoC pour Network-on-chip), celle-ci est inspirée des réseaux de communication entre ordinateurs.
Un NoC offre de nombreuses possibilités et un large espace de conception. La maîtrise des choix des paramètres d'un NoC vis à vis des contraintes d'une application n'est pas triviale et nécessite de la méthode.
Cette thèse propose un flot de conception afin de déterminer ces paramètres automatiquement.
Le problème de l'horloge dans les circuits de grande taille, ainsi que l'aspect sécurité sont également traités.
Ce travail a conduit au développement de l'outil µSpider, qui est un environnement de conception composé d'outils de décisions et d'un générateur de code (VHDL synthétisable).
Ce travail a été validé avec des applications dans les domaines du traitement du signal, de l'image et des télécommunications.
Torres-Matabosch, Nuria. "Design pour la fiabilité applique aux composants et circuits RF-MEMS dans différents environnements TRL". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00797045.
Pełny tekst źródłaMedhat, Mohamed Abdel Maksoud Dina. "Étude de Nouveaux Dispositifs Miniaturisés Micro-ondes basés sur l'Effet Ratchet dans un Environnement de Nano-Diffuseurs Asymétriques". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766791.
Pełny tekst źródłaVittoz, Stéphane. "Modélisation et caractérisation de capteurs mécaniques intégrés à base d'hétérostructures AlGaN/GaN pour les environnements hostiles". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00837976.
Pełny tekst źródłaGammoudi, Ibtissem. "Biocapteur à base de bactéries pour le contrôle environnemental". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14535.
Pełny tekst źródłaOur works aim the study of an ultra-sensitive bacteria-based biosensor for the detection of heavy metals (environmental control). They include the development of impedimetric and of Love acoustic wave devices, both associated with a microfluidic chip and functionalized with Escherichia coli immobilized on a polyelectrolyte multilayer deposited by the method "Layer by Layer." The theoretical study of physico-chemical interactions and biological phenomena involved during the steps of functionalization of the sensor surface, and during its application to the detection of cadmium and mercury, is also addressed through the real-time monitoring by the acoustic sensor and by atomic force microscopy in air or liquid medium. Detection threshold better than10-12M within only a few minutes have been observed
Fock-Sui-Too, Jen-Luc. "Caractérisation et modélisation de composants IGBT et diode PIN dans leur environnement thermique sévère lié aux applications aéronautiques". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00525074.
Pełny tekst źródłaTortissier, Gregory. "Étude et développement d'une plateforme de détection chimique à ondes acoustiques de surface pour environnement sévère haute température". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00585725.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeronnard, Paul. "Méthodes et outils pour l'évaluation de la sensibilité de circuits intégrés avancés face aux radiations naturelles". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00441658.
Pełny tekst źródłaGammoudi, Ibtissem. "Biocapteur à base de bactéries pour le contrôle environnemental". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985827.
Pełny tekst źródłaLambert, Damien. "Analyse par simulation Monte Carlo de la sensibilité aux aléas logiques des mémoires SRAM soumises à un environnement protonique spatial ou neutronique terrestre". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00125290.
Pełny tekst źródłaDans ce travail de recherche, un nouveau code de prédiction du taux de SEU a été développé (MC-DASIE) afin de pouvoir quantifier la sensibilité pour un environnement donné et explorer les mécanismes de défaillances en fonction de la technologie. Ce code permet d'étudier différentes technologies de mémoires SRAM (Bulk et SOI) en environnement neutronique et protonique entre 1 MeV et 1 GeV. Ainsi, MC-DASIE a été utilisé avec l'aide d'expérimentations pour étudier l'effet de l'intégration sur la sensibilité des mémoires en environnement terrestre, une comparaison entre les irradiations neutroniques et protoniques et l'influence de la modélisation du composant cible sur le calcul du taux de SEU.
Zerarka, Moustafa. "Étude des régimes extrêmes de fonctionnement en environnement radiatif des composants de puissance en vue de leur durcissement pour les applications aéronautiques et spatiales". Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2149/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work deals with the reliability of electronic components such as power MOSFETs and IGBTs affected by Radiative Natural Environment. Nowadays, this problem is considered to be part of the component reliability. While it concerned initially with components which work in severe radiation environment for aerospace, the evolution and complexity of embedded electronics that can interact with this environment which have potentially damaging effects lead us to take these radiative constraints into account as the case of heavy ion. From this scope this work was conducted. Simulations were carried out with Synopsys TCAD simulator in order to give a better understanding of the failure mechanisms such as the Single Event Burnout (SEB) or Single Event Latchup and to define the criteria of triggering, the behavior and the sensitivity of different structure (VDMOS, SJ-MOSFET, IGBT planar and IGBT trench). This study allows us to propose and evaluate hardening solutions in design against the triggering phenomena related to the parasites structures
Zerarka, Moustafa. "Étude des régimes extrêmes de fonctionnement en environnement radiatif des composants de puissance en vue de leur durcissement pour les applications aéronautiques et spatiales". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874051.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoutillier, Mathieu. "Approche méthodologique de l'impact de l'environnement radiatif spatial sur les propriétés intrinsèques d'une diode laser". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00256823.
Pełny tekst źródłaBougerol, A. "Modes de défaillance induits par l'environnement radiatif naturel dans les mémoires DRAMs : étude, méthodologie de test et protection". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00611100.
Pełny tekst źródłaSerre, Sébastien. "Définition par Modélisation, Optimisation et Caractérisation d'un Système de Spectrométrie de Neutron par Sphères de Bonner Etendu au Domaine des Hautes Energies". Phd thesis, Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00630202.
Pełny tekst źródłaSadiq, Muhammad. "Design and Fabrication of Next-Generation Lanthanum-Doped Lead-free Solder for Reliable Microelectronics Applications in Severe Environment". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0049/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe urgent need for removing lead from solder alloys led to the very fast introduction of lead-free solder alloys without a deep knowledge of their behaviour. As a consequence, additional issues raised (increased thermally induced problems during soldering process, a too wide range of possible available alternative alloy formulations), while problems related to current solder alloys remained unsolved (the constant change of the solder alloy microstructure, empirical predicting lifetime methodology). All the above mentioned issues alter stability and reliability of the application specific performances of the solder alloy, and subsequently of the whole electronic module. These problems become critical and are no longer compatible, as the market goes towards miniaturization and harsh environment conditions. These market trends now require stricter life time prediction and reliability control. Objective of this project is to understand and design a novel lead-free solder formulation to develop a potential alternative to lead-based high temperature melting point solder for high reliability requirements and in accordance with governmental directives. An advanced experimental approach like nanoindentation, microstructure evolution with SEM and EDS mapping, thermal aging effects on continuous grain size growth with cross polarized light of optical microscopy etc. would be implemented to develop doped-SAC lead-free solders for the best-fit to requirements in automotives and pipelines applications
Bouyjou, Florent. "Nouvelles chaînes d'instrumentation intégrées multivoies pour l'astrophysique". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00766655.
Pełny tekst źródłaNasiri, Aida. "Development of Safe-by-Design Nano-composites for Food Packaging Application". Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT076.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe market of nanotechnologies is dominated by the food packaging area which amounts more than 20% of the total nanotechnologies market in 2015. However, the wide-scale use of nanomaterials raises important questions about environmental and safety issues that could hinder their development. In the case of plastics intended to be in contact with food, the risk of contamination concerns not only the nanoparticles but also all the chemical additives added during the material processing. The presence of nanoparticles is susceptible to modify the interactions between polymer and the additives with a possible change in their transport properties and therefore the food contamination.The present work aims at identifying the relationship between the structural characteristic and the transport properties (diffusivity and solubility) of nanoparticles and chemical additives incorporated in nanocomposites. In this regard, it is necessary to fill the gap of knowledge in 3D nanostructure characterization and a multi-scale modeling of mass transfer properties of nanocomposites in real usage conditions.In this way, polyethylene and nanoclay were selected based on the best compromise between real potential applications and the scientific knowledge previously published and eventually the nanocomposites were synthesized with LLDPE, Cloisite20 and a compatibilizer by melt intercalation method.The nanocomposite structure was characterized using TEM, X-ray nanotomography, TGA and XRD then submitted to migration tests undertaken in contact with different food simulants which represent various types of food (aqueous, acid, alcoholic) following the recommendation of the European regulation on the food contact material. To evaluate the positive or adverse effects of the nanomaterials on the contamination of the food by chemical additives which are usually incorporated with the plastic packaging, the virgin polymer and nanocomposite material were spiked with a mixture of the additives exhibiting various volatility, polarity and molecular weight. Then, the transport properties (i.e inertia) of nanocomposite structure was distinctively investigated on kinetic (apparent diffusion coefficient) and thermodynamic (partition coefficient) considerations.The results indicated that nanoclay addition in plastic materials favorably reduced the migration of additives by modifying both their diffusivity in the polymer and their partition between the polymer and the food simulant. However, while the partition coefficient of additives increases in nanocomposite in comparison to pure LLDPE for the samples in contact with all types of food simulants, the reduction of diffusion coefficient is significantly dependent on the nature of the food simulant in contact. Hence, it can be concluded that the major role in the migration of additives is not played by the imposed tortuosity path, but by the factors such as the affinity between the base polymer and simulants as well as the effects of simulants on swelling and crystallinity of the samples. Moreover, the effect of additive-related parameters and the structural parameters were assessed and put in perspective with their impact on the transport properties of nanostructures. Integrating the results of characterization and transfer properties led to an improved understanding of the influence of structure of nanocomposites on their mass transfer properties and therefore on the suitability of using them as food contact materials
Hakoun, Vivien. "Développement d'une sonde aquatique autonome pour la cartographie des drains karstiques noyés. Simulation des écoulements par une approche couplée drains discrets - double porosité". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067700.
Pełny tekst źródłaPopovici, K. "Environnement de Programmation Multi Niveau pour Architectures Hétérogènes MPSoC". Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00271128.
Pełny tekst źródłaVanhauwaert, P. "Analyse de sûreté par injection de fautes dans un environnement de prototypage à base de FPGA". Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274706.
Pełny tekst źródłaGUILLAUME, Ph. "Contribution aux Aspects Dorsaux de la synthèse de systèmes monopuces. Optimisation de code pour processeurs embarqués. Analyse de la consommation dans un environnement de synthèse comportementale". Phd thesis, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002999.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa première partie se focalise sur l'optimisation de programmes embarqués C. Ces travaux s'attachent principalement à optimiser à haut niveau les performances de programmes faisant un usage intensif de boucles et de tableaux, comme c'est le cas popur les applications de traitement du signal. Les optimisations étudiées et développées au cours de ces travaux, ont pour objectif de se substituer à des transformations manuelles de programmes embarqués, pratique qui reste courante de par l'incapacité de la plupart des compilateurs pour processeurs embarqués à gérer efficacement un code écrit à un niveau élevé.
La seconde partie de cette thèse se donne pour objectif de fournir une méthodologie d'estimation de la consommation dans un environnement de synthèse comportementale. C'est en effet à haut niveau d'abstraction que les stratégies de conception basse consommation ont l'impact le plus important sur la consommation du circuit final. Mais il est nécessaire pour cela de pouvoir juger de l'efficacité des stratégies base consommation appliquées, à l'ide d'un modèle d'estimation fiable.
Chagoya-Garzon, A. "Synthèse des communications dans un environnement de génération de logiciel embarqué pour des plateformes multi-tuiles hétérogènes". Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552106.
Pełny tekst źródłaRezgui, S. "Prédiction du taux d'erreurs d'architectures digitales : une méthode et des résultats expérimentaux". Phd thesis, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163484.
Pełny tekst źródłaFoucard, G. "Taux d'erreurs dues aux radiations pour des applications implémentées dans des FPGAs à base de mémoire SRAM : prédictions versus mesures". Phd thesis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00518571.
Pełny tekst źródła