Rozprawy doktorskie: „Mugs”

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Cottle, Katherine. "Effective MUGs| A Grammar Curriculum for Basic Writers". Thesis, University of Delaware, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13427448.

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The purpose of this study was to design a grammar curriculum that could help college age students in basic writing classes to identify and correct grammatical errors in their own writing. After reviewing literature in best practices in grammar instruction as well as other kinds of instructional best practices, the grammar curriculum, Effective MUGs (MUGs stands for mechanics, usage, and grammar), takes advantage of these best practices including sentence combining, sentence revision, sentence creation, grammar in context, strategies instruction, and Bring Your Own Device (BYOD). The study was designed to measure how effective the grammar curriculum was (by examining student writing in essays as well as grammar exercises), how students used tools in the curriculum (by examining results from cognition labs), and how students and instructors perceived the curriculum (through interviews). The data on student grammatical error from this study must be viewed with reservations because of the lack of statistical significance. The most significant findings were qualitative and offered insight into the strengths of the Effective MUGs curriculum as well as which aspects that need revision. Both students and instructors thought that the gradual release of strategies instruction was one of the most effective tools and they both enjoyed using BYOD in conjunction with Google Docs. Students were most challenged by subject-verb identification and feeling confident about use of unfamiliar sentence elements; instructor interviews confirmed these student challenges. The data from the study will prompt revision to the curriculum as well as enhanced professional development.

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Putsavage, Kathryn Jane. "Mesa Verde style mugs: An analysis of domestic and ritual functions". Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1453566.

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Stone, Christopher. "Car stickers and coffee mugs : a study of football and everyday life". Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2012. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20821/.

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This is an investigation of football as part of everyday life. It is an attempt to move the focus away from the footballing 'other' and concentrate on the mundane ways in which football culture is sustained as an unspectacular part of people's daily lives. It asks how the consumption of football and the enactment of football culture help to make everyday life more, or less, manageable. It explores the ways in which football's ubiquity is felt beyond explicit identifications as fans or supporters. The embedded nature of football as a part of the everyday has an effect on the lives of family members, work colleagues, friends and acquaintances. These relations are reinforced by football's presence within the powerful and ubiquitous contemporary cultural formations of celebrity, family life and social networks, all of which are also fundamental aspects of everyday life. Adopting Bauman's concept of liquid modernity, football is examined as part of a more fluid way of life in contemporary Britain. Questions are asked about how everyday life is made possible in such a world by seeing football culture as both constituted by and constituting of everyday life. The two main aims are to highlight the ordinary ways in which football is embedded in people's daily lives and to explore how football makes use of solid renditions of the world in making it more appealing to liquid modern living. The research utilises an unconventional methodological strategy. Through the creation of a dialogue between the epistemological views of Zygmunt Bauman and everyday life theorists such as Henri Lefebvre, Michel de Certeau, the Surrealists and their contemporaries the topic is explored through the development of a heurmeneutic sociology. This operationalises the concept of the social researcher as flaneur which takes the researcher's own everyday life as a central resource for the exploration of other people's daily lives. The result is an impressionistic account of football culture that shifts between ethnographic description, reflexive narration and sociological analysis to create a montage of daily life that is appropriate to the interpretation of liquid modern living. Football is conceived as an alternative register for exploring everyday life that challenges readers to view in new ways their own everyday lives and their relationships with football culture. The study is contextualised spatially by exploring football's presence in the home, the workplace, the public house and other transitional spaces of the city. It exposes theories of consumption, alienation, interaction, community, identity and power to the (extra) ordinary realm of people's everyday lives. The interpretation this leads to is that football has become so well embedded in daily life because it has the capacity to adapt to individuals' own needs and desires for security and freedom, belonging and individuality, at a level that is reflexively undemanding enough to succeed on a daily basis. The way it achieves this is through a combination of a history rooted in solidly modern tradition that is also celebrated and promulgated through liquid modern forms of consumption. In everyday life of liquid modernity reflexivity has become habitual, the spectacular domesticated, public/private boundaries blurred, the 'other' is a consumerist fetish, the self a commodity and community exists through consumption. Football feeds this situation through its ephemeral presence in everyday life.

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Hudson, Susan Lee National Centre in HIV Epidemiology &amp Clinical Research Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Sex, drugs and 'ugly mugs': an ethnographic study of women who inject psychostimulants and engage in street-based sex work in Kings Cross, Sydney". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. National Centre in HIV Epidemiology & Clinical Research, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44834.

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Australian and international literature provides strong evidence that intravenous use of psychostimulants increases the harms experienced by users, including heightening the risk of blood-borne virus (BBV) infection. The few Australian studies that include women who inject psychostimulants identify street-based sex work as the main method of income generation and highlight the harms that result from combining these practices. However, there has been little exploration into the way these practices are shaped by the environments in which they occur or the ways in which women manage these harms. This thesis aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the daily lives of women who inject psychostimulants and engage in street-based sex work in Kings Cross, Sydney. Over 18 months between 2005 and 2007, the author conducted ethnographic fieldwork with women who injected psychostimulants and engaged in street-based sex work in Kings Cross, Sydney. Data sources included observations recorded as fieldnotes and transcripts of in-depth interviews with 12 women. Thematic analysis of the data was employed with particular attention to the women???s shared narratives. Key findings of the thesis were that 1) the Kings Cross environment plays a prominent role in shaping the lives of women, their psychostimulant injecting and street-based sex work practices; 2) psychostimulant injecting reinforces the opportunistic nature of street-based sex work as the primary method of income generating for women, restricting the development of occupational norms; 3) synergies exist between the drug and sex markets in Kings Cross, increasing the harms associated with both injecting and street-based sex work practices; 4) public health messages relating to sharing of injecting equipment and condom use fail to account for contextually driven decision-making and risk prioritising; 5) women develop lay epidemiological understandings as they attempt to reconcile the public health messages with the lived reality. The value of these findings is in the insights they provide into the everyday lives of these women in Kings Cross that have not been documented previously and their potential for informing ???bottom-up??? rather than ???top down??? approaches to future policy, practice and research.

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Mažeikaitė, Virginija. "Knygų mugių įtaka Lietuvos leidybai". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20110709_152422-23623.

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Magistro darbo objektas – knygų mugių įtaka Lietuvos leidėjams ir šalies leidybai. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti Lietuvos leidėjų dalyvavimą knygų mugėse bei įvertinti dalyvavimo poveikį Lietuvos leidybai. Siekiant kuo geriau įgyvendinti šį užsibrėžtą tikslą darbe bus sprendžiami tokie uždaviniai: išnagrinėti pagrindinių sąvokų apibrėžimus, siekiant kuo tiksliau atskleisti knygų mugės sampratą; išskirti knygų mugės tikslus ir klasifikavimą; išanalizuoti knygų mugės atsiradimą ir raidą Lietuvoje kartu nagrinėjant šalies dalyvavimą užsienio knygų mugėse, kaip atspirties tašką knygų mugės atsiradimui Lietuvoje; išnagrinėti pardavimų skatinimo, įvaizdžio bei licencijų pirkimo ir pardavimo taikymą knygų mugėje. Naudojantis literatūros analizės metodu tyrinėjama knygų mugės samprata, pagrindinių terminų apibrėžimai, atliekama knygų mugių klasifikacija bei analizuojami leidėjo tikslai knygų mugėje. Lyginant su kitomis šalimis, kuriuose vyksta knygų mugės, Lietuvoje knygų mugė atsirado pakankamai vėlai, todėl taikant interviu metodą išanalizuotas knygų mugės atsiradimo ir raidos klausimas. Siekiant geriau ir tiksliau atskleisti knygų mugių įtaką šalies leidybai buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio rezultatai parodė, kad šalies leidybą įtakoja Vilniaus knygų mugei leidžiami leidiniai, jų pardavimas, renginių organizavimas bei knygų reklama. Tyrimas parodė, kad dalyvavimas užsienyje vykstančiose knygų mugėse įtakoja šalies leidėjų leidybinius planus – jie ruošia reprezentacinių knygų leidimus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
With the expansion of the culture of published edition, the place of a book has a significant meaning both in the work of publishers and in consumers’ life, which is obvious in international book fairs held every year. The growing importance of book fairs is also evident in Lithuania; therefore it is a matter of great relevance to the country’s publishing industry. The participation of publishers in various book fairs contributes to the growth of the publishing market. Lithuania gained experience while preparing similar events and participating in international book fairs abroad which lead to the successful existence of Vilnius Book Fair. The topicality and novelty of this Master thesis is emphasized by the fact that there seems to be no research on book fairs and their impact on publishing. The theory of book fairs has not been broadly discussed in scientific Lithuanian and foreign literature and no research on the influence of book fair on publishing has been conducted. Therefore, the impact of book fair on publishing is of great interest. The object of this paper is the influence of book fairs on Lithuanian publishers and publishing. This Master thesis aims at analyzing the participation of Lithuanian publishers in book fairs and evaluating the impact of participation on publishing. In order to accomplish the established purpose the following tasks will be carries out: to analyse the definitions of main concepts with the purpose to describe the conception of book fair as... [to full text]

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Brown, Sandra Lois School of Design UNSW. "Significance, the vessel and the domestic". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Design, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20761.

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Throughout history, people have made or acquired vessels from which to sip their favourite beverage. In the contemporary domestic setting, households frequently accumulate multiples of the same type of object in numbers that are considerably greater than is necessary and practical for use alone. Of these many objects there are often individual pieces that have special significance for the owner or user. Some are so valued that they may even be removed and set aside because of their perceived importance. The research was initiated by a previous study of tea drinking vessels coupled with a desire, as an object maker and collector, to find out why people have special items that they designate as personally important. The aim was to identify how significance could be recognised in specific objects and whether the notion that a group of features used to gauge such objects could be conveyed into studio based work. The research outcomes are evidenced in a text-based document (which articulates the theoretical and empirical elements of the enquiry) and a body of creative studio work developed in response to aspects of the investigation. The document encompasses two components of the study. The first references material from the fields of museum and cultural studies, pivotal in focusing the enquiry. This contributed to the compilation of a general and speculative inventory of qualities that might pertain to objects deemed ???significant???. During these early investigations it became evident that a more in depth and contemporary analysis of significant drinking vessels, their owners and/or users was required. A Survey Questionnaire regarding personal use and special drinking vessels preceded a series of Interviews with a selected group of Australia curators, artists, academics and collectors who discussed and analysed their association with a personally significant drinking vessel. Subsequently, the content of these interviews became central to the focus of the research and outcomes. The research isolates a number of attributes that are commonly identified in objects that, whatever their condition, are deemed ???significant???. These describe the maker, usage, ownership, association and historical context. The perceived value or worth of the object for its owner, is recognised as a consequence of significance and declares the object as distinctive. This outcome is clearly validated by the interviews. The studio work develops from the fusion of personal narrative that has been enhanced by findings of the research. In particular, it references the cherished object, most especially those pieces that have been retained despite the ravages of time and use. The resulting work was exhibited as Trace Elements ??? Marking Time: Significance, the Vessel and the Domestic at Kudos Gallery, Paddington in April 2004.

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Kazmierczak, Jean-Bernard. "Comportement et dimensionnement des parois moulées dans les argiles raides saturées". Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10165.

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Les ouvrages de soutenement en paroi moulee s'inscrivent de plus en plus dans des sites urbains tres denses. Leur dimensionnement par les methodes classiques ne satisfait pas pleinement les projeteurs, notamment lorsque les formations concernees sont constituees d'argiles raides. Ce memoire propose un exercice methodologique base sur les donnees d'auscultation des chantiers des stations alma-gare et tourcoing-centre du metro de la communaute urbaine de lille. Les trois familles de methodes de dimensionnement (methodes basees sur la notion d'equilibre limite, methodes aux coefficients de reaction et methodes numeriques discretisees biphasiques totalement couplees, 2d et 3d) ont ete testees sur ces sites principalement constitues d'argile des flandres. L'emploi d'une methode numerique aux differences finies, avec des geometries tridimensionnelles, a permis d'etudier l'influence de la phase de realisation (creusement et betonnage) d'un panneau de paroi moulee (et d'une paroi complete) sur le milieu (argile raide) et les structures avoisinantes. Une methode simplifiee (calcul axisymetrique) permettant d'apprehender de maniere satisfaisante les phenomenes lies a cette etape particuliere est proposee. L'ensemble des analyses et des simulations realisees aboutit a une proposition de regles essentielles pour un dimensionnement satisfaisant des parois moulees dans les argiles raides. Elles concernent notamment la methode de determination des coefficients de reaction, le type de modeles de comportement de sol a employer dans les methodes discretisees, ainsi que le mode de calcul (en contraintes totales ou en contraintes effectives)

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Delattre, Luc. "Comportement des écrans de soutènement : expérimentations et calculs". Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENPC9932.

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Etude sur le comportement des écrans de soutènement a travers les 2 volets indissociables que sont d'une part, le comportement réel des ouvrages et d'autre part, la modélisation de ce comportement - la 1ere contribution de cette recherche porte sur l'état des connaissances en matière de dimensionnement des écrans de soutènement - la 2de porte sur les méthodes traditionnellement utilisées dans ce domaine - la 3eme consiste dans l'étude expérimentale du comportement de 2 ouvrages de soutènement qui sont de grands ouvrages portuaires - la dernière porte sur l'application de la méthode des éléments finis au calcul des écrans de soutènement

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Poushanchi, Mohsen. "Flambement des murs : élaboration d'un modèle pour murs en maçonnerie non-armée, section et matériau quelconques". Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30145.

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L'objectif de cette these est la mise au point d'une methode de calcul basee sur le principe propose par kukulski puis repris par lugez rendant compte de l'influence conjointe des deux parametres structuraux, elancement et excentricite sur le comportement mecanique et la capacite portante de murs en maconnerie non-armee soumis a des charges normales centrees ou excentrees. Une campagne de verification experimentale a ete realisee. Elle porte l'etude d'elements monolithiques en terre cuite de hauteur d'etage dont la section horizontale est assez complexe pour que les resultats experimentaux puissent etre valablement compares a ceux issus d'une methode de calcul qui se veut applicable a des sections de forme quelconque. La premiere comparaison entre resultats du calcul et resultats experimentaux est tout a fait encourageante. L'auteur a egalement utilise les resultats d'essais realises par fattal et cattaneo (de national office of standards aux etats-unis) et par schumacher au centre scientifique et technique du batiment a titre de validation de la methode de calcul developpee. Compte tenu du large domaine d'emploi qu'elle peut couvrir, la methode proposee peut constituer un bon instrument d'evaluation de la stabilite d'elements porteurs verticaux

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Seggerty, Ryan L. "MUOS: application in naval helicopter operations". Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45255.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) is the next generation of military satellite communications technology. Using a unique combination of satellite vehicles and radio access facilities, MUOS allows the end user unparalleled access to the global information grid (GIG) with a significant increase in voice and data capacity over legacy UFO systems. Leveraging current WCDMA technology used by commercial cellular companies, the MUOS system will allow uninterrupted communications worldwide. This research aims to identify gaps in existing naval helicopter network capabilities and how to apply MUOS to further increase operational effectiveness. Current and legacy helicopter platforms were analyzed regarding connectivity in a network centric environment. Using simple modeling techniques in order to reduce the throughput of the user terminal to 16 kbps enabled a simulation of load times of various Internet applications. Analyzing the load times of web applications gives an initial indication of the viability of MUOS in the rotary wing environment. Even when reduced to a throughput of 16 kbps, many of the applications would still be usable in benign flight regimes. Text- or chat-based applications will see the biggest benefit from MUOS technology, allowing aircrews to quickly disseminate information anywhere in the world.

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Abdelouhab, Abdelkader. "Comportement des murs en terre armée". Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0074/these.pdf.

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Les structures en Terre Armée sont renforcées soit par des armatures métalliques soit par des armatures synthétiques non corrodables. Actuellement, les mêmes lois sont le plus souvent utilisées pour la modélisation des armatures synthétiques qui présentent pourtant un comportement plus complexe en raison de leur extensibilité. Il semble nécessaire d’étudier le comportement de ces armatures dans le sol afin de déterminer de nouvelles lois d’ancrage plus adaptées. Ce travail de thèse concerne dans une première partie la modélisation physique tri-dimensionnelle du comportement des armatures de renforcement en ancrage. Des essais d’extraction ont été réalisés dans une chambre d’étalonnage en conditions contrôlées et instrumentées en laboratoire puis confirmés et valider par d’autres essais effectués dans un ouvrage réel. Dans une deuxième partie de cette thèse, trois méthodes analytiques sont mises en oeuvre pour la modélisation des essais d’extraction. La première méthode, reprend les lois d’ancrages classiques. La seconde et la troisième méthode présentent des lois d’ancrages issues de l’analyse des essais expérimentaux. Enfin dans la dernière partie de la thèse, les paramètres déduits à partir de l’étude expérimentale ont été implémentés dans le code de calcul numérique Flac 2D pour l’étude de la stabilité, la sécurité ainsi que l’influence de plusieurs paramètres sur le comportement des ouvrages en Terre Armée
Metallic strips or non-corrodible synthetic straps are set up in Reinforced Earth Walls. In current design, same models are used to model these two types of strips. Nevertheless, synthetic reinforcements have a more complex behavior due to their extensibility. Then, it seems necessary to study the behavior of these reinforcements to determine adequate anchorage models. This thesis concerns in the first part a three-dimensional physical modeling of the behavior of anchored reinforcements. Pullout tests were performed in a test tank under controlled conditions in the laboratory. These tests were validated by other tests carried out in a real structure. In a second part, three analytical methods were implemented to model the pullout tests. The first method uses the classical anchorage models. The second and the third method present models determined from the analysis of experimental tests. Finally, in the last part, the parameters deduced from the experimental study were used in the numerical code “Flac 2D” to analysis the stability, the safety and the influence of several parameters of the Reinforced Earth structures

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Sidi, Purnomo. "Investigating the suitability of biomass Eichhornia crassipes as a lost circulation material in water-based drilling muds". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=239377.

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This study investigated the performance of the biomass Eichhornia crassipes plant (ECP) as an additive in water-based drilling-mud. ECP is an invasive plant of fresh water ecosystems, so its use in drilling operations provides a low-cost, sustainable option that has off-site environmental benefits. Mechanical tests were conducted on ECP fibres to determine their stiffness under dried and water-wet conditions. Initial tensile tests on nylon fibre determined potential experimental artefacts with the experimental approach. The dried fibres had a water content of 8.163 wt. % (SE 0.636), whereas the wet fibres were 93.43 wt.% (SE 0.294). Water wet fibres had a lower modulus of elasticity than dried fibres and therefore, dried fibres have less tensile strength than wet fibres (Mean = 45.16 MPa; SE = 5.023; N = 41). Rheological properties of bentonite-based drilling muds amended with ECP at different concentrations were also studied. These muds were prepared by mixing ECP fragments at various concentrations (%w/w) with bentonite-water solutions and aged under ambient conditions. Mud viscosity gradually decreased with increasing shear rate, showing characteristic shear-thinning behaviour. Lost circulation of bentonite-water solutions mixed with ECP fragments were assessed with static filtration experiments. Slots and single perforated discs were designed to mimic fractures surrounding drilled boreholes. From a broad range of testing conditions, it was found that ECP fibres significantly decrease lost circulation by bridging fractures. An optimal concentration of 0.83 % by weight of ground plant stalks mixed with 6.28% bentonite in water improved rheology and filtration properties. A bridging gap model for a single fibre showed that ground stalk was less deflected than dried fibre when bridged an opening fissure. The findings of this research create an alternative to use ECP as lost circulation material in oil and gas drilling operations.

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Christie, Malcolm. "The in-situ erosion of intertidal muds". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2103.

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Intertidal mudflats can experience rapid morphological changes, and are both sources and sinks of fine cohesive sediment within an estuary. Successful environmental management of these regions depends upon in-situ measurements, which help specify the interactions between the active processes and so allow the development of predictive models that the management practices require. The Profiles of Sediment Transport system (POST) has been developed in order to make high frequency measurements of velocity and suspended sediment concentration profiles in very shallow water (i.e. when depth, h < 1.0 m). Electromagnetic current meters and optical sensors were miniaturised to allow measurements within a few centimetres of the sea bed and provide fine scale resolution of vertical profiles. Two in-situ experiments, located in the Severn and Humber estuaries, examined the response of a mudflat to changing environmental factors, and in particular, studied the influence of local waves and tidal currents in very shallow water of depth (h)< 1.0 m. A value of 0.127 Nmˉ²was considered to be representative of the critical erosion shear stress (Tint) at Portishead, while at Skeffling τait was estimated to be about 0.31 Nmˉ². The effects of wave and current action were quantified and expressions were used to describe the relationships between velocity, bed shear stress and concentration. An expression relating near bed concentration to mean velocity (U ) at Skeffling was simply: Concentration (gLˉ¹) = 1.908 U + 0.193 when h< 1.0 m. R² = 0.730 The physical processes causing erosion and deposition across two mudflats have been identified, and the predictive expressions are considered to provide first order approximations for sediment concentrations and transport behaviour, for similar conditions at other North European sites. The results showed that the shallow water periods at the beginning and end of tidal coverage were extremely important in determining the surface character of the mudflat, and any erosion was most marked at these times. Small waves can be crucial to erosion because of their large contribution to the bed shear stresses in shallow water. Ignoring biological and chemical variables (both of which can control of erosion), it is proposed that for typical temperate environmental conditions, some form of mudflat erosion is likely when h< 1.0 m, and either the significant wave height (H2) is greater than 0.25 m, or the near bed velocities exceed 0.2 msˉ¹.

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Дерипапа, В. С., i Г. І. Кузьміна. "Мультипартикулярні таблетки (Multiple Unit Pellet Systems, MUPS)". Thesis, КНУТД, 2016. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/4649.

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Mariee, Amr Darwish. "Studies on mouse major urinary proteins (MUPs)". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654424.

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Vassal'lo, Saco Jara. "Comunidades de cianobacterias bentónicas, producción y liberación de microcistinas en el río Muga (NE Península Ibérica)". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7662.

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El estudio de las comunidades de cianobacterias en la cuenca del río Muga permite profundizar en la búsqueda de factores que favorezcan o inhiban la acumulación intracelular de microcistinas y su liberación al medio externo en condiciones oligotróficas o con leves signos de eutrofia, al tiempo que permiten aportar nuevos conocimientos que ayuden a mejorar el entendimiento de los mecanismos y procesos que participan en la dinámica de las comunidades de cianobacterias bentónicas y las microcistinas asociadas en ecosistemas fluviales mediterráneos. Se ha realizado un estudio de la estructura y variabilidad de las comunidades de cianobacterias durante un ciclo anual completo mediante muestreos mensuales y muestreos con menor periodicidad durante un segundo ciclo posterior. Dichos muestreos han permitido observar diferentes patrones espacio-temporales a lo largo de todo el período de estudio en los 4 puntos de muestreo seleccionados en la cuenca del río Muga. Estos 4 tramos incluyen 1 punto regulado:aguas abajo del embalse de Boadella, y 3 sin regular:2 cabeceras y un punto aguas abajo de la población de Albanyà. Se han identificado un total de 34 especies de cianobacterias bentónicas en las 4 zonas estudiadas, predominando siempre especies de aguas limpias o poco alteradas. Dos especies, Rivularia biasolettiana (zonas más limpias y expuestas) y Phormidium retzii (sonas esciáfilas o con alta velocidad de corriente), resultan dominantes en gran parte de ellas. Se han reconocido un total de 6 microcistinas acumuladas intracelularmente en la comunidad bentónica de cianobacterias, identificando 3 de ellas: MC-RR, MC-LR y MC-YR. La concentración de microcistinas intracelulares ha disminuído a lo largo del eje principal del río Muga, determinada por diferentes factores físicos, químicos y biológicos. A nivel general, la acumulación total de microcistinas intracelulares ha estado asociada a un aumento de la temperatura del agua, un descenso en la diversidad de la comunidad de cianobacterias y pequeños incrementos de la concentración de fósforo disuelto en el agua. En cuanto a la liberación de microcistinas, ha estado vinculada a distintas perturbaciones soportadas por la comunidad cianobacteriana, tanto asociadas a factores físicos naturales como antrópicos.
The study of cyanobacteria communities in the Muga River basin enables further search for factors that promote or inhibit the intracellular accumulation of microcystins and their external release in oligotrophic or sligthly eutrophic conditions. At the same time, it provides new knowlodge to improve the understanding of the mechanisms and proccesses involved in the community dynamics of benthic cyanobacteria and associated microcystins in Mediterranean River ecosystems. A two-year study of the structure and variability of cyanobacterial communities was carried out: monthly sampling during the first annual cycle and lower frequency sampling during the second cycle. This allows observing the different spatial-temporal patterns over the study period in the 4 selected sampling points in the Muga River basin. These 4 points comprise 1 regulated point downstream of the Boadella reservoir, and 3 unregulated points, namely 2 headers and a thrid one downstream of Albanyà village. A total of 34 species of benthic cyanobacteria were identified in the 4 studied areas. The predominant species were linked to clear waters or slightly altered areas. 2 species were dominant in most of them: Rivularia biasolettiana (in cleaner and exposed areas) and Phormidium retzii (in unexposed areas or with high flow velocity).In the benthic community of cyanobacteria, a total of 6 intracellular microcystins were detected. 3 of them were identified: MC-RR, MC-LR and MC-YR. The accumulation of intracellular microcystins decrease along the stream as determined by different physical, chemical and biological factors. At a general level, the total accumulation of intracellular microcystins was associated with an increase in water temperature, a decrease of benthic cyanobacterial diversity and small increases in the concentration of dissolved phosphorus in the water. On the other hand, microcystins release was linked to the effects of different physical disturbances on the cyanobacterial community, wether of natural or anthropical origin.

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Ivantcheva, Aglika. "Le rôle des mécanismes comportementaux dans l'isolement reproductif et la spéciation des souris sauvages "Mus musculus musculus", "Mus macedonicus" et "Mus spicilegus"". Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20026.

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Nous avons analyse les mecanismes comportementaux qui maintiennent la divergence entre trois especes de souris sauvages. Les relations socio-sexuelles qui sont a la base de leur isolement reproductif sont variables. Les individus modifient leurs comportements en fonction de l'espece du protagoniste. Les particularites ethologiques observees sont expliquees a la lumiere de l'histoire de l'espece et de leurs zones de contact. La discrimination comportementale est la base de l'isolement reproductif. Chez les especes apparues recemment (us spicilegus et us ace onicus) la discrimination s'effectue sur un ensemble de traits presents chez les protagonistes, et pas seulement sur des stimulis heritables (odeurs). L'effet de l'impregnation joue un role principal sur la discrimination comportementale. Par ailleurs, nous avons analyse les interactions entre les mecanismes selectifs et les traits soumis a la selection qui auraient pu intervenir dans la speciation des especes. Nous constatons que les odeurs, considerees comme des traits apparents chez la souris, ne sont pas toujours la base des interactions sociales. D'autres stimulis, notamment moteurs (comportementaux) peuvent etre primordiaux pour l'etablissement des mecanismes comportementaux (preferences associatives). Nous proposons un scenario evolutif concernant la speciation des trois especes dans lequel les interactions entre les facteurs correles (mecanisme/trait de selection) constituent la base des evenements evolutifs

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18

Rodrigues, Lucas Mateus Rivero [UNESP]. "Avaliação da agressividade e caracterização genética de linhagens de Ralstonia Solanacearum isoladas de diferentes plantas hospedeiras". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97187.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a agressividade de linhagens de Ralstonia solanacearum provenientes de solanáceas, plantas ornamentais e eucalipto, em plantas de batata, tomate e fumo, bem como caracterizar as linhagens por meio de técnicas moleculares. Vinte e duas linhagens foram utilizadas nos ensaios de avaliação da agressividade, em experimentos conduzidos em casa-de-vegetação evidenciaram alta severidade da doença pelas linhagens de R. solanacearum quando inoculadas em plantas de tomate e batata, sendo a batata mais afetada nas inoculações. Todas as linhagens mostraram-se agressivas, sendo que o fumo mostrou baixa suscetibilidade ao ataque das bactérias. As linhagens mais agressivas em plantas de tomate foram IBSBF 309, IBSBF 1712, IBSBF 1839, IBSBF 1882, IBSBF 1883 e IBSBF 2000, pertencentes às biovares I, II e III. As linhagens mais agressivas às plantas de fumo foram IBSBF 309, IBSBF 2131 e IBSBF 292T, pertencentes à biovar I. Foi efetuado também ensaio de microbiolização in vitro em sementes de eucalipto, a fim de se identificar possíveis linhagens patogênicas a esta espécie vegetal e concluiu-se que todas as linhagens utilizadas infectaram plantas de eucalipto ou afetaram seu crescimento. A caracterização molecular de 41 linhagens de Ralstonia solanacearum, provenientes de diversas plantas hospedeiras, incluindo solanáceas, bananeira, helicônia, plantas ornamentais e eucalipto, foi efetuada empregando-se ERIC e BOX-PCR e os resultados mostraram grande diversidade genética entre as linhagens. A análise de PCR-RFLP da região espaçadora 16S-23S DNAr permitiu distinguir os isolados pertencentes à biovar III das demais biovares (I, II, IIA e IIT), quando digeridos com as enzimas Taq I e Hin6 I. A análise de sequenciamento de parte dos genes Endoglucanase (Egl) e MutS possibilitou a classificação em filotipos e os resultados...
This study aimed to evaluate the aggressiveness of strains of Ralstonia solanacearum from solanaceus, ornamental and eucalyptus plants, on potato, tomato and tobacco, and to characterize the strains through molecular techniques. Twenty-two strains were used in this study to evaluate the aggressiveness and, the experiments conducted in a greenhouse revealed the high susceptibility of tomato and potato plants, with the potato being the most affected on through the inoculations. All isolates proved to be aggressive and higher tolerance to the attack of bacteria was verified on tobacco plants. Strains more aggressive on tomato were IBSBF 309, IBSBF 1712, IBSBF 1839, IBSBF 1882, IBSBF 1883 and IBSBF 2000, belonging to biovars I, II and III. The more aggressive strains on the tobacco plants were IBSBF 309, IBSBF 292T and IBSBF 2131 belonging to biovar I. Tests in vitro of microbiolization of eucalyptus seeds were also performed in order to identify possible pathogenic strains to this species and the results showed that all strains used cause infection on emerging plants or affected their growth. To molecular characterization of 41 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum from several host plants including solanaceous, banana, heliconia, ornamentals and eucalyptus were employed to ERIC and BOX-PCR, and the results showed high genetic diversity among strains. The analysis of PCR-RFLP of 16S-23S spacer region rDNA allowed us to distinguish the isolates belonging to biovar III from the others (biovars I, II, IIA and IIT) when digested with enzymes Taq I and Hin6 I. The sequence analysis of the partial of Endoglucanase (Egl) and MutS genes allowed the classification in phylotypes and the results revealed a predominance of the phylotype II in Brazil, and four isolates were classified in the phylotype I, all belonging to biovar III

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Oredsson, Dag. "Moats in ancient Palestine /". Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40070098g.

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Olofsson, Eva-Marie, i Ida Olsson. "Motorisk förmåga : Utifrån ett MUGI-test med förskolebarn". Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Teacher Education, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-5088.

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Detta examensarbete behandlar barns motoriska förmåga på tre olika förskolor, utifrån ett MUGI-test. Vårt syfte var att undersöka om det går att utföra ett MUGI-test på femåriga barn. Vi har observerat barnen som utförde övningar i MUGI-testet. Vi har kommit fram till ett resultat, som vi sedan har diskuterat och analyserat. Resultatet visar att nästan alla övningar är för svåra för barnen att genomföra, därför blir vår slutsats att MUGI-testet inte går att genomföra med femåringar på grund av att de inte kommit så långt i sin motoriska utveckling.

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21

Turner, Katharine Patricia. "Bioremediation of drill cuttings from oil based muds". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14192/.

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Analytical techniques applicable to the assay and remediation of cutting/mud matrices have been developed, utilising soxhlet extraction with dichloromethane and a drying agent followed by analysis using Gas Chromatography (FID). Calibration curves of oil content were produced for Novatec and Versaplus coated cuttings that were also sized by wet and dry sieving techniques, demonstrating their variable nature. The oil in each size fraction was assessed and showed that the finer fractions preferentially adsorbed the oil. Bacteria were isolated from the cuttings, muds and the pure oils to see if any indigenous species could, with optimum conditions, remediate the oil they contained. The resulting isolates were batch-tested in the laboratory in a minimal medium, with the drill cuttings providing the sole carbon source. Each isolate was scored for remediation performance, with reduction in oil varying from 50% to 6% within one week. Subsequently three bacteria (A,D & J) were identified using 16SrRNA sequencing; they were Bacillus Thuringiensls (A&D) and a novel species related to Bacillus oleronius. These were then tested slurry-phase in a rotating drum bioreactor designed and fabricated for the research against a known remediator, Rhodococcus 9737, and a non-inoculated control for four weeks. All the reactors remediated, but Rhodococcus 9737 reduced the oil to 35% of the original, A, D and other isolates as a consortium to 83% and J, 90%. Further tests in the bioreactors, after a modification to improve the air supply gave reductions of around 50% after four weeks. The high clay content of the cuttings was detrimental to significant levels of bioremediation in a slurry-phase bioreactor. Manures were added to the drill cuttings and tested in the bioreactors as a solid-phase system. These degraded the cuttings oil to 2% (v/v), a 96% reduction. Composting was thus more applicable for a high clay content drilling waste bioremediation system.

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22

Brown, James. "DNA mismatches : their structure and recognition by MutS". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313214.

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Thompson, Sarah. "Exploring the experiences of 'young mums' in education". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20806/.

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Young Mums are a vulnerable group due to their marginalised status. This is a social justice piece of research, aiming to challenge existing stereotypes and to understand the experiences of some young Mums. Situated within a critical realist paradigm and employing narrative analysis techniques, semi-structured interviews were conducted with two participants who were attending school when they became pregnant. The interview transcripts were then analysed using thematic, structural and linguistic narrative analysis techniques. Findings were considered for two focus areas per participant. Changing Relationships and Educational Decisions for Sasha. Finding intimacy and Dependency for Nicole. Their stories demonstrate diversity in their experience of young motherhood. Overall findings relating to relationships, motherhood, resources, prejudice and emotional health, were discussed in terms of the previous literature. As a qualitative piece of research, the findings cannot be generalised to young mothers as a group and indeed the diversity of the two participants experiences would persuade against any overgeneralisations. Nonetheless the findings may be useful in helping professionals consider some of the potential needs of young mothers. Young motherhood may be a volatile time in terms of relationships, with relationships affected by social rejection, emotional stress, changing identities and changing priorities and commitments. High aspirations and strong educational identities may hinder a young Mums ability to embrace motherhood. Even for those who immediately embrace motherhood, stigmatization, lack of support and medical difficulties may affect their ability to form positive identities as competent mothers. For some young Mums previously disengaged with education, success at motherhood and a desire to provide for their child may start to change their beliefs in terms of the value of education. However, access to education may be affected by stigmatization, lack of flexibility in educational systems, relationship with staff, separation from child and financial considerations.

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Franco, Laerte Kerber. "MUCS: um modelo para suporte ao comércio ubíquo". Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2009. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2277.

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A evolução constante da tecnologia computacional e das redes sem fio tem tornado os dispositivos móveis cada vez menores e mais poderosos, provendo serviços em qualquer lugar e a qualquer momento. Neste contexto, áreas de pesquisa como as de educação, medicina, jogos e entretenimentos, automobilístico e atualmente o comércio têm experimentado forte crescimento com a adoção destas novas tecnologias. Esta dissertação propõe um modelo de comércio ubíquo chamado MUCS, que utiliza computação ubíqua para a geração de oportunidades de negócio aos usuários nos papeis de clientes e/ou fornecedores. Também são descritos nesta dissertação diversos cenários do cotidiano onde o modelo MUCS pode ser aplicado, e o protótipo que foi implementado para validá-los. Por fim, são apresentados os resultados obtidos em experimentos práticos, com a participação de usuários, cujos principais objetivos foram o de validar os cenários apresentados, e avaliar a aceitação do modelo proposto.
The constant evolution of computing technology and wireless networks have made the wireless devices smaller and more powerful, providing services anywhere at any time. In this context, research areas such as education, medicine, games and entertainment, automakers and businesses have been experiencing high growth with the adoption of new technologies. This essay proposes a ubiquitous commercial model called MUCS, which utilizes ubiquitous computing to generate business opportunities to users, being them customers and/or providers. It also describes several everyday scenarios where the MUCS model can be applied, and the prototype which has been implemented to validate them. Finally, the results obtained are presented through a practical experiment, with the participation of users whose main objectives were to validate the presented scenarios, and evaluate the acceptance of the proposed model.

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Leizaola, Egaña Aitzpea. "Muga : Frontière, identité et territoire au Pays Basque". Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100177.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une anthropologie des frontières. Toute frontière est une construction politique, et par delà sociale, qui est arbitraire, contingente et relationnelle. Elle est la matérialisation d'un processus historique qui, dans le cas de la frontière pyrénéenne s'étend sur plus de 350 ans. Longtemps considérée le paradigme des frontières naturelles, la frontière entre la France et l'Espagne n'échappe point à ces principes. Ce travail met à jour les enjeux et les implications que la frontière mobilise au Pays Basque tant du point de vue de la définition du territoire comme des constructions et négociations identitaires. L'analyse des populations frontalières du milieu rural bascophone a été un outil de premier ordre. Prenant appui sur un travail de terrain multi-situé de longue durée englobant les deux côtés de la frontière, je montre combien l'interaction des populations frontalières au cours du 20e siècle fait preuve d'une grande capacité d'adaptation. La notion de muga, terme polysémique recouvrant en basque aussi bien la limite villageoise que la frontière étatique, s'avère centrale pour comprendre l'écart entre une conception locale où l'idée-force est la notion de rencontre en contraste avec la conception moderne de frontière étatique comme lieu de séparation. Les disputes territoriales locales, de discours sur la contrebande et du tourisme frontalier permettent de comprendre la teneur des enjeux et des échanges à l'échelle locale et la persistance des liens transfrontaliers. Cela met en relief la perméabilité de la frontière pyrénéenne et sa centralité pour les populations qu'elle partage, donnant lieu à une culture frontalière spécifique
Framed in the anthropology of borders, this thesis is an ethnography of the Basque borderland. Every border is a political, yet social, construction, which is arbitrary, contingent and relational. A border results from the materialisation of a historical process, which in the case of the Pyrenean border has expanded over 350 years. Long considered as a paradigm of natural boundaries, the border between France and Spain follows these principles too. This work brings light to the implications at stake in the Basque Country related to the definition of territory and to the processes of construction and negotiation of identities. Drawn from a long term multi-sited ethnography carried out in the Basque speaking rural borderland on both sides of the border, this research shows that all through the 20th century borderlanders have been able to constantly adapt to new circumstances. The notion of muga, a polysemic Basque term meaning both frontiers, village limits boundaries and state borders is central to understand the distinction between two diverging conceptions, the local one focusing on the idea of the border as a meeting point and the state perspective, stressing the idea of the border as a line of separation. The study of local territorial disputes, discourses on smuggling and border tourism point out to the scope and the persistence of exchanges across the border at a local level. Despite the fact of being divided by the border, all these show the permeability of the Pyrenean border and its centrality for borderlanders, which in turn, leads to the creation of a specific border culture

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26

Godio, Michele. "Modélisation des murs en maçonnerie sous sollicitations sismiques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1150/document.

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Dans un premier temps, la méthode est présentée pour le cas bidimensionnel. La méthode est introduite de manière générale, en ce qui concerne les milieux discrets périodiques. L’application à la maçonnerie est ensuite abordée. La résistance homogénéisée de colonnes et murs de maçonnerie est calculée en termes de contraintes et couples-contraintes généralisées du milieu continu de Cosserat. La formulation d’une méthode basée sur le milieu de Cosserat permet la prise en compte de l’influence de la rotation relative des particules du milieu discret. Cette influence est mise en évidence à travers l’application à la maçonnerie, en comparaison avec les autres méthodes présentes dans la littérature. Dans un deuxième temps, la méthode est étendue au cas tridimensionnel. Des milieux discrets périodiques ayant leurs particules disposées le long de trois directions spatiales et montrant trois vecteurs de périodicité sont alors considérés. L’extension de la méthode s’inscrit dans le cadre de la théorie micropolaire tridimensionnelle. Cela permet la prise en compte des effets 3Dde la translation et la rotation relative des particules. L’application aux colonnes et aux murs de maçonnerie montre comment la résistance dans le plan et hors-plan de la maçonnerie sont, par ces effets, couplées. La rotation relative des blocs accentue cette interaction, qui comporte une diminution de la résistance dans-le-plan précédemment calculée. Les murs de maçonnerie sont ici décrits par des modèles de plaque micropolaire. Une formulation aux éléments finis pour des modèles de plaque micropolaire est ensuite développée. Dans un premier temps, la formulation est présentée pour l’élasticité et la dynamique. La validation d’un élément fini spécifique pour le calcul des structures est faite à l’aide d’exemples numériques. L’utilisation de cet élément sur des structures de maçonnerie est ensuite abordée, par l’implémentation d’un modèle d’homogénéisation déjà existant. Les fréquences fondamentales d’un mur maçonné sont ainsi calculées et comparées avec celle obtenues par un modèles aux éléments discrets. L’importance des rotations des blocs dans le plan du mur ainsi que leur participation dans la réponse inertielle du mur vis-à-vis des actions sismiques sont enfin investiguées. Dans un deuxième temps, la formulation aux élements finis est étendue à la plasticité, à travers l’implémentation de la théorie multi-critère pour les milieux de Cosserat. L’implémentation de cette théorie est basée sur un algorithme de projection, dont le schéma itératif de résolution est reporté. Les aspects numériques reliés à l’implémentation de l’algorithme sont examinés. Une importante limitation de l’implémentation classique de l’algoritme est montrée et une nouvelle stratégie de solution est proposée. L’élément fini de Cosserat est donc validé pour la plasticite à l’aide de nombreux exemples numériques. En conclusion, trois approches de modélisation pour les structures de maçonnerie sont proposéeset comparées. Un model continu d’homogénéisation basée sur le milieu de Cosserat est d’abord présenté. Le modèle est construit en introduisant les critères de ruptures homogénéisés calculés dans la première partie du travail dans l’élément fini développé dans la deuxième partie du travail. Un modèle continu basée sur le milieu de Cauchy est ensuite considéré. Ce denier est construit à partir de modèles déjà présents dans la littérature. L’efficacité de ces deux modèles est examinée dans la représentation du comportement élastoplastique d’un mur de maçonnerie. Leur comparaison se base sur un troisième modèle, crée à l’aide des éléments discrets. La capacité des trois modèles de modéliser l’effet d’échelle dans la formation des mécanismes de ruine est enfin investiguée sur une application pratique aux structures de maçonnerie
Developed. The method is based on the two-dimensional micropolar continuum theory and makes use of the kinematic approach of limit analysis in conjunction with a rigorous homogenization technique. The method is introduced in a general way, with regard to the genericclass of discrete periodic media made of particles of the same type. The case of masonry is presented as application. The homogenised strength domains of masonry columns and walls are retrieved in terms of the generalized stresses and couple stresses of the Cosserat continuum. The formulation of the method based on the Cosserat continuum enables the investigation of the influence of the relative rotation of the particles on the strength of the discrete medium. This influence is illustrated by the application to masonry structures, in comparison with other methods presented in the literature. The development of the homogenisation method continues with its extension to discrete periodic media made of particles disposed along three directions and showing three periodicity vectors. In this case, the approach relies on the three-dimensional micropolar theory. This enables to capture the three-dimensional effect of the relative translations and rotations of the particles constituting the discrete medium. The application to masonry columns and walls shows how the in-plane and out-of-plane actions result coupled in the assessment of masonry strength. The relative rotation of the blocks accentuates this effect, which consistently diminishes the in-plane strength. Masonry walls are finally ascribed to homogenised plates with Cosserat kinematics. A finite element formulation for Cosserat plate models is next developed. The formulation is first presented for elasticity and dynamics. The validation of a specific finite element is made by means of numerical benchmarks and patch tests. The actual use of the element is presented in an application to masonry structures. The natural frequencies of a masonry panel modelled by discrete elements are computed and compared with those given by a homogenisation model implemented in the element. This allows to investigate the role of the in-plane rotations of the blocks and to show their implication towards seismic analyses of masonry structures. The finite element formulation is next extended to the elastoplastic framework. The implementation of the multisurface plasticity theory into the Cosserat finite element is presented. The implementation of this theory is based on a projection algorithm. An important limitation of the classical implementation of this algorithm prevents its use in the framework of multisurface plasticity in efficient way. This limitation is discussed and a solution strategy is proposed. The finite element for Cosserat plate models is finally validated through numerous numerical benchmarks. In conclusion, three different modelling approaches for masonry are proposed and comviipared. A continuum model based on the Cosserat continuum is first presented. The model isconstructed by implementing the homogenised yield criteria computed based on the proposed analytical method into the developed finite element. A homogenisation model based on Cauchy continuum is next introduced. This model is constructed by selecting appropriate constitutive laws and yield criteria from the literature. The performance of those homogenisation models in representing the elastoplastic response of a masonry panel is discussed, based on the comparison with a third analogue discrete elements model. The capability of the three models in predicting the scale effect in the formation of failure mechanisms is investigated in a practical application to masonry structures

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27

Terrade, Benjamin. "Evaluation structurale des murs de soutènement en maçonnerie". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1203/document.

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Partout où la pierre est facilement disponible, on trouve des constructions en maçonnerie de pierre. Suivant les coutumes et les usages, les blocs de pierres sont assemblés bruts, simplement ébauchés ou parfaitement taillés, avec ou sans l'ajout d'un liant. Supplantée par le béton dans les constructions neuves depuis le milieu du XX} siècle, les ouvrages en maçonnerie demeurent majoritaires dans le patrimoine bâti français, un patrimoine qu'il convient d'entretenir rationnellement. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse est de poursuivre l'élaboration d'un cadre scientifique rigoureux et opérationnel afin de donner aux décideurs et aux gestionnaires les outils nécessaires pour mener à bien leur mission. Nous proposons ici deux outils d'évaluation de la stabilité d'ouvrages de soutènement en maçonnerie basés sur l'utilisation conjointe du calcul à la rupture avec des méthodes d'homogénéisation. Dans un premier temps, nous mettons d'abord au point un outil analytique permettant de dimensionner des ouvrages neufs ou d'évaluer la stabilité d'ouvrages peu déformés. Cet outil permet également de dimensionner des solutions de renforcement par clouage lorsque cela est jugé nécessaire. Dans un deuxième temps, nous implémentons cet outil dans un code numérique afin de lui donner la souplesse nécessaire à l'étude d'ouvrages non-conventionnels, de grandes taille ou fortement pathologique. Enfin, nous mettons en oeuvre plusieurs campagnes expérimentales qui nous fournissent les données nécessaires à la validation de ces modèles de calcul
Wherever stone is readily available, we encounter stone masonry buildings. Depending on customs or dedicated use, the blocks are used raw, lightly faced or perfectly cut, with or without the use of mortar. Althougth concrete has replaced masonry in new construction for some decades, the better part of the French built heritage is made of masonry, an heritage we are responsible for. This works aims at contributing to create a reliable scientific frame for that purpose. This thesis uses the yield design theory alongside with homogenisation techniques to study the stability of stone masonry earth retaining walls. First, we provide an analytical tool suitable for designing new structures or assessing the stability of existing ones that are still in good shape. Should it be needed, this tools allows for the design of a strengthening solution based on soil-nailing. Then, we implement it in a finite element code to give it the versatility required to study unconventionnal structures or structures badly damaged. We then present several experimental campaigns aiming at validating the proposed tools

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Wolgamot, Gregory M. "Mus dunni endogenous virus (MDEV) /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6319.

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Whyte, John Morrison. "Surfactant-inhibited barium sulphate nanoparticles for use in drilling fluids". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231876.

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This project studied the production of barium sulphate nanoparticles through inhibition of crystal growth, during precipitation, by different surfactants. Barium sulphate is the pure form of the ore baryte, which due to its high density and softness, is the most commonly used additive used to increase the density of drilling fluids. A non-agglomerating, stable nano-scale dispersion of barium sulphate particles would have significant technical and commercial impact in the drilling fluids industry. This thesis tested the possibility of precipitating barium sulphate and restricting its crystal growth with inhibitors, creating nanoparticles. Six inhibitors were tested; dodecanoic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, adamantane carboxylic acid, methylnonanoic acid and a mixture of phosphate esters known commercially as Fazewet. Precipitated, inhibited barium sulphate was characterised using powder XRD, DRIFT FTIR and solid-state NMR (SSNMR). All inhibitors were shown to form single-phase, orthorhombic barium sulphate crystals proving that the inhibitors affect only the surfaces of precipitated crystals and do not enter the crystal lattice. FTIR allowed the relative adsorbed concentration of each inhibitor to be assessed. The results indicate that adsorbed inhibitor increases with increasing inhibitor concentrations but that their attachment is not proportional to the concentration. In most cases concentrations of 0.1mol l-1 of inhibitor were sufficient to saturate the crystal surface. SSNMR also agreed with this although the sample size was too small, due to equipment restrictions, to make definitive conclusions. Through the use of the Debye-Scherrer equation, the crystallite size was calculated and showed that at concentrations of 0.2mol l-1 all inhibitors other than palmitic acid produced nano-scale (< 100nm) crystallites. Further analysis showed that further reductions could be achieved through precipitation in an alkaline pH environment, with the application of mechanical shear and by using adding 50% v/v of ethanol. iv Laser diffraction particle size analysis showed that the dominant factor in reducing particle size distribution was inhibitor concentration. The volume-based PSD used by the laser diffraction system was considered to distort excessively the particle sizes present and so analysis switched to dynamic light scattering. DLS showed that dodecanoic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid, despite forming nano-scale crystallites, could not produce a nano-scale dispersion of barium sulphate and as such were unsuitable for use in drilling fluids. Stable nano-scale dispersions were found to have been formed when inhibited with adamantane carboxylic acid, methylnonanoic acid and Fazewet. DLS also confirmed that dispersed particle size rather than simply crystallite size could be reduced with an alkaline pH and high mechanical shear. Concentration was still the dominant effect, however with the smallest particles sizes (ZAvg) being observed at concentrations of 0.6mol l-1. The particle sizes for the three modifiers were approaching that of the crystallite size, suggesting that some further reduction is possible, but large reductions are unlikely. All three inhibitors produced sub 100nm ZAvgs, with the smallest produced by methylnonanoic acid of 43nm. Spherical nanoparticles were observed through the use of ESEM and TEM. Due to equipment time restrictions only 0.2mol l-1 treatment levels could be examined, but ESEM showed apparent nanoparticle clusters, later confirmed using pixel count and SFDA methods. TEM analysis showed discrete particles as small as 3nm, indicating that the lower limit for achievable particle size may be lower than PSD measurements would suggest. The results indicate that adamantane carboxylic acid, methylnonanoic acid and Fazewet sufficiently inhibit crystal growth to be potential candidates for the production of barium sulphate nanoparticles. These three inhibitors produce a barium sulphate dispersion that is stable and nano-scale even after drying and redispersion.

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Béron, Rodolphe. "Détermination expérimentale de paramètres caractéristiques du comportement thermique dynamique de parois a couches homogènes par une méthode dite des"plaques de références"". Lyon, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAL0033.

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Nous présentons une méthode de détermination expérimentale des paramètres caractéristiques des fonctions de transfert de paroi de bâtiment à l'aide d'un matériel simple dont l'utilisation ne nécessite aucune contrainte importante. Cette méthode dite "des plaques de référence" est basée sur l'exploitation de thermogrammes résultants d'une perturbation thermique quelconque. Dans une première partie, nous abordons les développements théoriques des méthodes d'exploitation des mesures utilisées pour les parois monocouches et multicouches. Le deuxième partie traite de l'application de la méthode eux parois monocouches. L'obtention des valeurs des caractéristiques thermophysiques de l'échantillon repose sur la résolution de l'équation de la chaleur effectuée partir d'un changement de variable apparenté à la transformation de Laplace. Dans le cas des multicouches, objet de la troisième partie, nous aboutissons à la détermination des coefficients des transformées en "Z" des fonctions de transfert de la paroi testée. Outre l'étude théorique, nous analysons les résultats des manipulations exploratoires dans une quatrième partie et nous dégageons l’intérêt d'une telle méthode de mesures. Le dernier chapitre est consacré à la présentation d'orientations possibles de l’étude permettant de dépasser- le stade des manipulations exploratoires
In this work, we introduce an experimental determination method of parameters which are characteristics of the transfert functions of walls in buildings by the use of an easy equipment which use needs no significant constraint. This method called '' reference plates method" is based on the working out of the thermogrammes which result from any thermal perturbation. The first part of our work deals with the theoretical development of the methods of working out the mesures used for bath single-layered and multi-layered walls. The second part discusses the applying of the method on single-layered sample. The values of thermophysical characteristics of the wall is based on the working out of the heat equation written interms an intigral transformation which we take as Laplace's transformation. The case of multi-layered wall which we discuss in the third part, lead ro the determination of "Z transforms coefficients" of the transfer functions of the studied wall. In addition to the theoretical study, we analyse the results of prospective experiments in the fourth part of our work and show the usefulness of such a measurement method. The last part is devoted to the presentation of the application of our work to the determination of thermal parameters of more general wall's configurations

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Todisco, Églantine. "Microalgae Growth Optimization in Biofaçade Photobloreactors". Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4040.

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Cette thèse a pour but général de répondre à la question suivante : Comment optimiser la culture de microalgues en façade de bâtiment ? Pour y répondre, un travail de recherche allant de l’étude du comportement biologique des microalgues, jusqu’à la modélisation et l’analyse du procédé intégré au bâtiment a été mené. Pour cela, deux souches de microalgues (Chlorella vulgaris et Haematococcus pluvialis) ainsi que différentes tailles de photobioréacteurs (PBRs) (de 1,5 à 100 litres) et de volume de culture (jusqu’à 700 litres) ont été utilisés. Cela a permis d’étudier l’évolution thermique des PBRs de façade ainsi que l’impact sur la productivité des microalgues, des cycles jour/nuit couplés à des cycles de température, du bullage et du changement d’échelle. Au final, un modèle thermique a été développé afin de prédire l’évolution de la température en fonction des conditions météorologiques et des échanges thermiques entre les différentes parties du système PBR et le bâtiment hôte. L’étude de l’impact biologique de la température a montré un lien étroit entre température et intensité lumineuse. L’intensité du bullage est apparue comme un paramètre opératoire clé, pour éviter l’accumulation d’oxygène dissout en journée et l’inhibition de la croissance, et l’anoxie la nuit, qui favorise la lyse cellulaire. En utilisant les données obtenues à échelle réelle, une analyse technicoéconomique a été réalisée, montrant les principales optimisations à apporter à cette technologie originale de production, qui s’inscrit dans une logique de transition écologique en milieu urbain
This PhD thesis has a general aim to answer the following question: How to optimize microalgae growth in façade photobioreactors (PBRs)? For that purpose, a study was undertaken, encompassing characteristics of microalgae growth and a complete analysis of the biofaçade process. Two microalgae species (Chlorella vulgaris and Haematococcus pluvialis) were studied, as well as different PBRs (laboratory and pilot scales) and culture volumes (up to 700 liters). The objective was to study the thermal behavior of the façade PBR, as well as the impact of various factors on biomass productivity, namely, day/night cycles paired with temperature cycles, bubbling intensity and scale of production. A thermal model was developed to estimate the culture temperature evolution according to weather conditions. Thermal exchanges were characterized for both, thePBR and its host building. Studying the biological impact of the culture temperature has shown a strong correlation between culture temperature and light received by the microalgae. The bubbling intensity also appeared to be a crucial operating factor, avoiding dissolved oxygen accumulations during the day which inhibits biomass growth, and preventing anoxic conditions being achieved during the night, which in turn increases the biomass decay rate. Using data obtained during full scale experiments, a technical and economic analysis wasundertaken, highlighting the main factors involved in the optimization of this new and original production technology, aiming ecological transition in urban environment

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Jean, de Murs Falkenroth Christoph. "Die Musica speculativa /". Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35548361q.

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Kerdilès, Weiler Angéla. "Limites urbaines de Strasbourg, évolution et mutation /". [Strasbourg] : Publications de la Société savante d'Alsace, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40213165m.

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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Géographie--Paris 1, 2002. Titre de soutenance : Limites urbaines, évolution et mutation, le cas des enceintes de Strasbourg de l'Antiquité à nos jours.
En appendice, choix de textes et documents. Bibliogr. p. 295-322.

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34

Gutierrez, Garcia Alvaro Enrique. "Stabilité des murs de soutènement compte tenu des déplacements /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1992. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?display=detail&nr=1052.

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Guillemot, Fabien. "Étude de MutS à l'échelle de la molécule unique". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00186125.

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Par micromanipulation et mesure de force sur molécule unique, avec un piège magnétique, ce travail a porté en partie sur l'étude du système de réparation « à longue distance » de l'ADN. Cette réparation fait intervenir pour son initiation les protéines MutS, MutL, et MutH et utilise un mécanisme non identifié précisément, qui lui permet
d'agir à distance, entre un site de mésappariement de l'ADN (dû par exemple à une erreur de réplication), et un site proximal distant (hémi-méthylation de séquence GATC), ce qui permet de diriger la réparation sur le brin néosynthétisé. Certains modèles de l'action de la protéine MutS font intervenir une boucle dans l'ADN. Nous
avons cherché à mettre en évidence une telle action sur un ADN double brin, contenant (ou ne contenant pas) un mésappariement. Nous n'avons pas mis en évidence de
formation de boucle par MutS, qui soit spécifiquement liée à la présence d'un mésappariement. Ce résultat négatif semble donc exclure ce modèle de boucle spécifique. Dans une deuxième partie, nous avons effectué des expériences de micromanipulation sur une jonction de Holliday (ADN en forme de croix, intermédiaire de recombinaison). Nous avons montré directement qu'il est possible d'extruder une jonction de Holliday, en sous-enroulant mécaniquement une molécule d'ADN comportant une séquence palindromique, et avons aussi déduit de ces expériences une mesure du pas de l'hélice de l'ADN. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons étudié l'influence du bromure d'éthidium sur l'ADN. Nous avons montré que la présence de cet agent intercalant peut induire une attraction non-spécifique, intra- ou inter- simple brins d'ADN.

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Semmler, Kirsty M. "The discursive construction of 'single mums' : implications for identity /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09ars471.pdf.

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Muss, Peter [Verfasser]. "Ionendetektor-Systeme mit hohem Dynamikbereich für Weltraumanwendungen / Peter Muss". Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1172611726/34.

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Molla, Rania A. "Mobile user authentication system (MUAS) for e-commerce applications". Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2017. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/1035289.

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The rapid growth of e-commerce has many associated security concerns. Thus, several studies to develop secure online authentication systems have emerged. Most studies begin with the premise that the intermediate network is the primary point of compromise. In this thesis, we assume that the point of compromise lies within the end-host or browser; this security threat is called the man-in-the-browser (MITB) attack. MITB attacks can bypass security measures of public key infrastructures (PKI), as well as encryption mechanisms for secure socket layers and transport layer security (SSL/TLS) protocol. This thesis focuses on developing a system that can circumvent MITB attacks using a two-phase secure-user authentication system, with phases that include challenge and response generation. The proposed system represents the first step in conducting an online business transaction. The proposed authentication system design contributes to protect the confidentiality of the initiating client by requesting minimal and non-confidential information to bypass the MITB attack and transition the authentication mechanism from the infected browser to a mobile-based system via a challenge/response mechanism. The challenge and response generation process depends on validating the submitted information and ensuring the mobile phone legitimacy. Both phases within the MUAS context mitigate the denial-of-service (DOS) attack via registration information, which includes the client's mobile number and the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) of the client's mobile phone. This novel authentication scheme circumvents the MITB attack by utilising the legitimate client's personal mobile phone as a detached platform to generate the challenge response and conduct business transactions. Although the MITB attacker may have taken over the challenge generation phase by failing to satisfy the required security properties, the response generation phase generates a secure response from the registered legitimate mobile phone by employing security attributes from both phases. Thus, the detached challenge- and response generation phases are logically linked.

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39

Guillemot, Fabien. "Etude de MutS à l'échelle de la molécule unique". Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077012.

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Par micromanipulation et mesure de force sur molécule unique, avec un piège magnétique, ce travail a porté en partie sur l'étude du système de réparation « à longue distance » de l'ADN. Cette réparation fait intervenir pour son initiation les protéines MutS, MutL, et MutH et utilise un mécanisme non identifié précisément, qui lui permet d'agir à distance, entre un site de mésappariement de l'ADN (dû par exemple à une erreur de réplication), et un site proximal distant (hémi-méthylation de séquence GATC), ce qui permet de diriger la réparation sur le brin néosynthétisé. Certains modèles de l'action de la protéine MutS font intervenir une boucle dans l'ADN. Nous avons cherché à mettre en évidence une telle action sur un ADN double brin, contenant (ou ne contenant pas) un mésappariement. Nous n'avons pas mis en évidence de formation de boucle par MutS, qui soit spécifiquement liée à la présence d'un mésappariement. Ce résultat négatif semble donc exclure ce modèle de boucle spécifique. Dans une deuxième partie, nous avons effectué des expériences de micromanipulation sur une jonction de Holliday (ADN en forme de croix, intermédiaire de recombinaison). Nous avons montré directement qu'il est possible d'extruder une jonction de Holliday, en sous-enroulant mécaniquement une molécule d'ADN comportant une séquence palindromique, et avons aussi déduit de ces expériences une mesure du pas de l'hélice de l'ADN. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons étudié l'influence du bromure d'éthidium sur l'ADN. Nous avons montré que la présence de cet agent intercalant peut induire une attraction non-spécifique, intra- ou inter- simple brins d'ADN
Using single molecule micromanipulation and force measurement on DNA with a magnetic tweezer setup, this work has been devoted in part to a study of the « long patch » repair system of DNA. This repair involves the MutS, MutH and MutL proteins, and uses an as yet unidentified mechanism in order to act at a distance, between a site of mismatch (due for example to a réplication error), and a proximal GATC hemi-methylation site, so that the repair is directed toward the newly synthesized strand. Some models of this action at a distance, involve the presence of a DNA loop, induced by the action of MutS on a mismatch. We have tried to explore this possibility, by studying the mechanical behavior of a long double stranded DNA, containing (or not containing) a mismatch. We have not detected any specific loop formation in DNA, i. E. Only induced when a mismatch is present. This negative result seems to exclude specific loop formation induced by MutS. In a second part, we have studied the mechanical behavior of a Holliday junction (a cross-shaped DNA, involved as an intermediate during recombination). We have shown directly that it is possible to extrude a Holliday junction, by mechanically undercoiling a palindromic DNA. We have deduced the pitch of the DNA double helix from the behavior of the Holliday junction. In a last part, we have studied the influence of Ethidium Bromide, on DNA. We have shown that this intercalating agent is able to induce a non-specific attraction either intra-strand or inter-strand, in single-stranded DNA

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Varian, Melissa. "MUGC summer enrichment program and reading achievement program evaluation /". [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=895.

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Samuelsson, Mikael. "Mus- och touchinteraktioner : för responsiv webbutveckling". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för ekonomi, kommunikation och IT, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28041.

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42

Mohamad, Kari Behrouz. "Modélisation du comportement hygrothermique de parois multicouches : application à la prévision des risques de condensation". Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30122.

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L'objet de ce travail est de simuler le comportement hygrothermique de parois de batiments a l'aide d'un modele macroscopique dont nous presentons dans une premiere partie les principales hypotheses de base ainsi que le systeme d'equations auquel elles conduisent. Un chapitre du travail a ete reserve a la presentation et a la critique des valeurs choisies pour les nombreux parametres caracterisant les proprietes hygrothermiques des materiaux. Afin de tester la validite du modele et des valeurs numeriques dans le domaine hygroscopique, nous avons simule numeriquement les experiences de mesure de permeabilite a la vapeur des materiaux. Ceci nous a permis de mettre en evidence, entre autres, l'importance des conditions d'echange convectif sur le resultat de la mesure. Nous avons enfin modelise dans la derniere partie le comportement de parois a isolation tant interieure qu'exterieure, pour toute une gamme d'epaisseur de materiaux et pour differentes conditions d'humidite relative interieure. Ce travail nous a permis d'analyser dans le detail les flux de chaleur et de masse dans les parois, ainsi que les conditions interieures a partir desquelles il y a risque de condensation a l'interieur des parois. La confrontation avec la mthode simplifiee met en evidence que celle-ci est en general largement pessimiste; ce qui va dans le sens de la securite

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43

Begmatov, Alisher. "Sogdian Textual Materials from Central Asia：A Critical Re-edition of the Documents from Mount Mugh". Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253028.

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44

Belkacemi, Hafida. "Expériences sur modèles réduits bidimensionnels et comparaison à des calculs aux éléments finis". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECAP0603.

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Le travail développé dans ce mémoire comprend deux parties essentielles, expérimentale & numérique. Dans la première, une série d'essais est effectuée pour deux types d'ouvrage, tels que les parois flexibles et les soutènements en formes de tunnels. Le but est d'étudier les cinématiques de " rupture" dans un milieu bidimensionnel constitué de rouleaux de SCHNEEBELI dont le comportement mécanique est analogue à celui d'un milieu pulvérulent. Les ouvrages (en modèles réduits) que nous avons étudiés sont en général maintenus par des nappes de type " géotextile ". Ainsi, le massif renforcé a montré des cinématiques à l'état de ruine complètement différentes selon la conception de l'ouvrage. Dans la seconde partie, une étude est réalisée sur certaines comparaisons entre les résultats obtenus par la méthode aux éléments finis en utilisant deux types de loi de comportement (hyperbolique et élastique plastique-parfait) et les résultats expérimentaux trouvés a partir d'essais sur des parois rigides et flexibles. Egalement des comparaisons sont faites sur des murs poids de formes différentes mais ayant la même masse. Ces comparaisons ont pour objectif de montrer l'intérêt relatif de ces deux lois de comportement en particulier leurs domaines d'utilisation dans un sol sans cohésion
In this thesis two essential parts are developed. The first part is experimental and the second one is numerical. In the experimental part, one series of testing was carried out in two types of structures like flexible walls and supports in the form of tunnel. The objective is to study the kinematics failure in bidimensional mass consisted in rollers of SCHNEEBELI, which have the similar mechanical behavior like pulverulent materials. In general, the studied structures (in reduced model) were reinforced by strips, a kind of geotextile. According to the conception of structures, the reinforced mass showed completely different kinematics at the stage of failure. In the numerical part, some comparisons were realized between results obtained from the finite element method using two types of behavior model (hyperbolic and elastic perfect plastic), and experimental results from testings on the inflexible and flexible walls. Certain comparisons were carried out also in case of the earth walls, which have different shapes with the same weight. These comparisons present relative interest of two behavior models, especially in the field of their applications in cohesionless soils

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45

Gray, Samantha Jane. "The effects of habitat structure on the social behaviour of house mice : (Mus domesticus and Mus spretus)". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338523.

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Duryadi, Dedy. "Rôle possible du comportement dans l'évolution de deux souris "Mus macedonicus" et "Mus spicilegus" en Europe centrale". Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20107.

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Malgre leur proximite phylogenique, deux especes de souris d'europe centrale (mus macedonicus et mus spicilegus) affichent des caracteres comportementaux tres differents. De telles differences suggerent que dans l'histoire evolutive de ces deux especes, les nouveautes comportementales auraient precede le changement d'autres caracteres et accelere leur evolution. Les etudes que nous avons effectuees ont permis de collecter de nombreuses informations sur les comportements respectifs de ces especes. Ceci concerne notamment les caracteristiques sociales, la nature de l'isolement reproducteur entre ces deux especes, les caracteristiques emotives et cognitives, les comportements d'exploration et d'exploitation de la nourriture lies a l'activite de construction de tumulus. Le modele de speciation entre mus macedonicus et mus spicilegus souligne le role stimulateur que le comportement peut jouer dans l'evolution

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47

Cigéhn, Emelie, i Lykke Iloson. "Psykosomatisk sjukdom och somatiseringssyndrom inom somatisk vård : en litteraturöversikt". Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-3582.

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Bakgrund En stor del av de patienter som frekvent söker vård lider av psykosomatiska sjukdomar (MUPS) och somatiseringssyndrom (MUS). Båda dessa tillstånd grundar sig i psykiska påfrestningar men yttrar sig i form av fysiska symptom. Stress är en psykisk påfrestning som är mycket utbredd i vårt samhälle idag. När människan utsätts för stress startar en rad olika fysiska processer i kroppen, som en del av vår överlevnadsinstinkt. Trots det är det många som stressar sig sjuka. Då kroppen inte får chans till återhämtning ökar risken för ohälsa med risk för psykosomatiska sjukdomar och somatiseringssyndrom som följd. Syfte Studiens syfte var att belysa upplevelser hos patienter med psykosomatiska sjukdomar och somatiseringssyndrom i den somatiska vården. Metod En litteraturöversikt valdes som metod, där 16 artiklar inkluderades. Artiklarna var av kvantitativ eller kvalitativ metod och analyserades enligt metoden integrerad analys. Resultat Patienter med MUPS/MUS lider av ohälsa och remitteras runt till olika vårdenheter utan att få den hjälp de behöver. Detta innebär ytterligare påfrestning på hälsan hos dessa patienter. Starka känslor såsom utanförskap, oro, skam och rädsla för sin egna ohälsan genomsyrar dessa patienters upplevelser. Kunskapen för dessa sjukdomstillstånd är bristfällig och det saknas tydliga riktlinjer och behandlingsmetoder inom vården. Slutsats Stigmatisering kring psykisk ohälsa skapar skam och utanförskap, vilket patienter med MUPS/MUS i stor utsträckning upplever. Bristande kunskap har visat på ineffektiv behandling vilket dessutom medför enorma kostnad för samhället. Sambandet mellan kropp och själ får inte förbises. Sjukvårdspersonal bör därför utbildas i att se den psykologiska faktorn bakom de fysiologiska symptomen.
Background A large proportion of patients who frequently seek health care suffer from psychophysiologic disorders (MUPS) and somatoform disorders (MUS). Both of these conditions derive from mental illness yet they manifest as physical symptoms. Stress is a psychological phenomenon which is widely spread in our society today. When a person is exposed to stress, a variety of physical reactions commence within our body, due to our survival instinct. In spite of this, a lot of people become physically and mentally ill from stress. When our body is deprived of recovery, there is a higher probability for lack of health and therefore the risk of developing psychophysiologic disorder and somatoform syndromes increases. Aim The purpose of the study was to illuminate patients with psychophysiologic disorders and somatoform disorders and their experiences within the somatic healthcare. Method A literature review has been conducted with an including total of 16 articles. The chosen articles consisted of quantitative or qualitative methods, analyzed according to the integrated analysis method. Results Patients with MUPS/MUS suffer from lack of health and are often referred to various care units without getting the help they need. This leads to further distress with a decreased health experience. Strong emotions such as exclusion, anxiety, shame and fear of lacking health permeate these patients' experiences. The knowledge regarding these conditions are insufficient and no distinct guidelines nor clear treatments exist within the healthcare system. Conclusions The stigmatization regarding mental illness leads to feelings of shame and exclusion for these patients. The lack of knowledge leads to ineffective treatment, which also entails an increased economic burden for the society. The relationship between the body and the soul must not be overlooked. Healthcare professionals need to be educated in the ability to recognize the underlying psychological factors behind the physiological symptoms.

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48

Lièbe, Christophe. "Radar Ultra Large Bande : applications à la vision à travers les murs". La Rochelle, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LAROS289.

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Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire de thèse sont dédiés au dimensionnement et à la mise au point d’un système radar capable de détecter et localiser des cibles derrière un mur, problématique s’inscrivant dans un cadre plus général de « vision à travers les murs » (Through-The-Wall – TTW). Le premier chapitre dresse un état de l’art des différentes techniques (des ondes centimétriques aux X) de vision et de détection à travers les murs. Ces techniques sont comparées en terme de performance et de maturité, la technologie Ultra Large Bande (ULB) y apparaît comme la plus mature à ce jour. Ensuite sont abordées les spécificités des radars ULB pour les applications TTW, suivies d’un recensement de l’ensemble des radars en ondes centimétriques développés à ce jour. La complexité des signaux ULB se propageant dans un environnement indoor nous a obligé a développer un simulateur de radar ULB. Il s’appuie sur un simulateur préalablement développé au SIC/Xlim de Poitiers, dédié à la propagation de signaux en bande étroite. Le cœur de ce simulateur ULB est validé expérimentalement, puis testé pour différentes configurations de radar TTW, prenant en compte différents types d’antennes et de signaux émis. Enfin, nous présentons la conception d’un radar ULB TTW sur la bande 3 - 6 GHz fonctionnant en mode impulsionnel. Chaque bloc composant le radar est détaillé. Apres avoir validé expérimentalement le concept de détection d’une cible dans son environnement, la problématique de la localisation des cibles est abordée. Le choix retenu met en oeuvre une technique de balayage mécanique utilisant un réseau d’antennes original et des traitements de signaux spécifiques
The work presented in this thesis are dedicated to the design and development of a radar system can detect and locate targets behind a wall, issue as part of a broader framework of 'vision through walls "(Through-The-Wall - TTW). The first chapter describes the state of the art techniques (centimetric waves to X) vision and detection through walls. These techniques are compared in terms of performance and mature technology Ultra Wide Band (UWB) appears as the most mature to date. Then are discussed the characteristics of UWB radar applications for TTW, followed by a census of all the centimeter-wave radar developed to date. The complexity of UWB signals propagating in an indoor environment has forced us to develop a simulator for UWB radar. It relies on a simulator previously developed CIS / Xlim Poitiers, dedicated to the propagation of narrowband signals. The heart of this simulator UWB is experimentally validated and tested for different configurations of radar TTW, taking into account different types of antennas and signals. Finally, we present the design of a UWB radar TTW on the tape 3 to 6 GHz operating in pulsed mode. Each block, the radar component is detailed. After having experimentally validated the concept of detecting a target in its environment, the problem of tracking targets is discussed. The choice made in implementing a mechanical scanning technique using a network antenna and original treatment of specific signals

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49

Larsen, Håvard. "Behaviour of polymer muds under high pressure – high temperature conditions". Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1534.

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A well is classified as a HPHT (High Pressure High Temperature) well if the static bottomhole temperatures are greater than 350 °C and when the formation pressures exceed 1800 kg/m³ ECD. Mud weights as high as 2400 kg/m³ may be required to maintain a proper well control. The temperature of the drilling fluid when circulating in the well may range from 0 °C to 150 °C and it is important that the drilling fluid maintain acceptable rheological properties within the whole range. The rheological properties of the mud will strongly depend on the temperature and the pressure variations. The problems regarding HPHT wells are mostly due to ECD and cuttings transport.

In order to control and measure the viscosity for deep HPHT wells we have conducted laboratory experiments that deal with aging at different temperatures on a polymer mud, as well as pressure and temperature effects on a field mud. We have also calculated the annular pressure using Landmark Wellplan software. To calibrate the instruments, i.e. the Physica HPHT viscometer and a Fann viscometer, we used ubelohde, known to give an exact value of the viscosity of a fluid. The calibration liquid was a 2-stroke motor oil with different amounts of Exxsol-D60 added.

The aging experiments were conducted in a mixture of water and HEC that were put in three different incubators at 20 °C, 60 °C and 90 °C for 1, 3, 8, 11, 15 and 20 days. The results showed that the viscosity decreased rapidly in the solutions that were aged at the highest temperatures and that most of the decrease took place during the first day of aging.

In the experiments on real (field) mud exposed to high pressures and temperatures the Physica viscometer was used. The results showed that the pressure effects were negligible compared to the temperature effects. During the measurements we experienced that the viscosity decreased as the temperature increased and that the decrease in the viscosity was more significant from 20 to 60 °C than from 60 to 90 °C.

Based on the results obtained in the laboratory and an evaluation of fluid implication on well pressure, we were able to draw the following main conclusions:

• Laboratory experiments are very educational. To learn that reality is not straight forward to measure was enlightening.

• The viscosity is very dependant on the temperature.

• The combined effect of pressure on the viscosity of a field mud is negligible.

• The annular pressure differences calculated in Landmark Wellplan did not show any significant differences for the different well temperatures.

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Soyseckin, Idil Safiye. "Identity And Communication In Cyberspace Muds: Gender And Virtual Culture". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607564/index.pdf.

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This thesis investigates if it is possible to speak about a virtual culture. If so, it seeks to answers to the following questions: Is it possible to mention a culture peculiar to cyberspace or virtual culture is just a mirror of real life culture? Where does the body position? How have been identities experienced? What does fluid and fragmented identity mean? Does it offer a space of opportunities? How has been gender formed on cyberspace? Is removal of gender barriers possible? Answers to all these questions have been explored through text-based virtual reality environments on the Internet called MUDs in which creating alternative identities is possible. A survey and interviews as well as direct and participant observations for the exploration of MUD environments have been conducted. Mostly, MUDs called, LambdaMOO and Aardwolf, and then Cabü
lka Cabü
lsa have become central sites of observations and interviews. The findings show that cyberspace has its rules and limitations which are not independent from the real world. Since gender is a key component indicating the society interacts, culture of cyberspace cannot stay aside. Despite possibility of gender switching, stereotypical gender performances continue to exist. However cyberspace is a new and rich communication environment in respect of facilities it offers and its future structure and form largely depend on the users.

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