Artykuły w czasopismach: „Mugendai”

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Ngatia, Arnold, i Dr Allan Kihara. "DETERMINANTS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF DONOR FUNDED COMMUNITY PROJECTS IN GARISSA COUNTY". Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management 3, nr 1 (26.10.2018): 26–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jepm.252.

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Purpose: This study sought to assess the determinants of sustainability of donor funded community projects in Garissa County. The study specifically focused on community participation, financial administration, training and leadership and management on sustainability of donor funded community projects in Garissa County. The variables were anchored by the freirean theory, results theory, competency theory and the systems theory.Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design and the population included donor funded project managers, donor agencies and project beneficiaries. Mugenda and Mugenda’s sample determination formula to acquire a sample size of 246 respondents. Further, the study employed stratified sampling so as to determine the exact number of respondents from the different categories. Primary data was collected through semi structured questionnaire while secondary data was collected through desk search techniques from the internet from past scholarly articles. Quantitative data was analysed using a multivariate regression model while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis method.Results: Inferential results revealed a positive and significant relationship between community participation and sustainability of donor funded community projects and also positive and significant association between financial management and sustainability of donor funded community projects in Garissa County.Contribution: The study concluded that an improvement in various indicators of community participation such as donor funded community projects leaders’ vision, community empowerment and community decision-making, programme planning, monitoring and evaluation, leadership and management skills, establishment of linkages between project components, supervision and mobilization of local resources will result to positive and significant effect on sustainability of donor funded community projects in Garissa County. The study also concluded that improvement in some of the indicators that define financial management results to positive and significant effect on sustainability of donor funded community projects in Garissa County.

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Jentzsch, Wilfried, i Jean Detheux. "Real-time audio-visual composition: Mugenkei as a Live Dream". International Journal of Arts and Technology 2, nr 1/2 (2009): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijart.2009.024062.

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OLORUNLEKE, Gabriel Kola. "Assess Customer’s Complaint Management and Customer Satisfaction of Banks in Akure, Ondo State". International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research 06, nr 08 (2022): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijebmr.2022.6802.

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Businesses compete for customers and customer satisfaction is becoming a key performance indicator and an essential element of business strategy. Customer expectations are key drive behind customer satisfaction. Customer Satisfaction is an indicator of customer purchase intensions and brand loyalty. Customer satisfaction cannot be achieved without the fundamental contribution of the customer contact-employees who provide the service. This study examined customer’s complaint management and customer satisfaction of banks in Akure, Ondo state. The research design to be adopted for this study is survey research design. the sample size is 384 customers of the selected banks using Mugenda and Mugenda (2006) formula. The main instrument of this study will be structured questionnaire designed to collect information from the target respondents. To provide answers to research questions and the stated objectives, information gathered on all relevant variables was analyzed using descriptive (frequencies, percentage, mean, and standard deviation). the results revealed that there was significant relationship between the complaints handling Practices used by the selected banks and their performance. Thus, Complaints handling practices had significant effect on the performance of Deposit Money Banks in Ondo state, Nigeria. A well-organized Complaints handling Practices provides direction towards goal attainment and improvement of performance.

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Muli, Moses Kioko. "Strategic Choice and Organizational Performance of SMEs in Mombasa County, Kenya". Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting 23, nr 21 (7.10.2023): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2023/v23i211119.

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This research assessed the manner that choice affects Mombasa County SMEs’ performance and specifically assess manner in which innovation, relationship development and product positioning influence performance of Mombasa based SMEs. In the research, in addition to employing. quantitative approach, descriptive research design also adopted while targeting the 209 SMEs in Mombasa County; from which of 136 them formed the sample size; premeditated by means of formula as Mugenda and Mugenda submit. The research employed proportionate sampling and to select respondents. In this research, data from primary sources was gathered using a closed-ended questionnaire that was distributed out using a drop-and-pick method. The quantitative analysis method was used in this study to provide descriptive and inferential statistics. The study concludes that at 0.05 level of significance, each of innovation strategy (β= 0.259; p = 0.002), positioning strategy (α=0.215; p= 0.019), knowledge acquisition strategy County (β=0.196; p = 0.005), and knowledge acquisition strategy (α =0.242; p= 0.0.37) has positively significant influence on organizational performance of SMEs in Mombasa County. The study recommends that the SMEs in Mombasa County that should; invest significantly in their innovation strategy to increase its productivity, strengthen their product positioning strategy; pay more attention on the relationship development strategy; concentrate on building its knowledge acquisition strategy

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Miyawa, Caleb Jotham, Ferej Ahmed i Muyaka Jafred. "Effect of Trainer Pedagogical Competences on Students’ Academic Performance in Diploma Set Courses: A Case of National Polytechnics in Western Kenya". Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies 48, nr 1 (31.07.2023): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v48i11035.

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Trainers are most important in National Polytechnics, in the technical vocational education and training (TVET) system as they are fulcrums upon which wheels of the education rotate in delivering competence needed to convert global labour-oriented economy to a knowledge and innovation-based economy. This paper was guided by four trainer pedagogical competence objectives, which included assessing training techniques, training tools, instructional media, and communication skills as they affected the diploma courses of the Science, engineering and technological (SET) courses of students’ academic performance in the National Polytechnics in western Kenya. A descriptive survey design was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from the three national polytechnics in western Kenya. A finite sample of 112 trainers' fraternity respondents were chosen using stratified selection and simple random sampling methods from a population of 650 trainers. Utilizing questionnaires and interview schedules, data was gathered. Data collecting tools were tested for reliability and were subjected to test-retest procedures, which gave 0.782, and was within the acceptable range as suggested by Mugenda & Mugenda. The primary questionnaire's items were arranged in accordance with the specific goals of the study. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations were used to analyse the data. The study found that the trainer's pedagogical competencies of instructional media had the strongest statistically significant relationship with students' academic performance in national Polytechnics (r=.780, p.05), followed by communication skills (r=.618, p.05), and training methods and use of training tools (r=.599, p.05) respectively.

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Asiepet, Caroline Awunya. "Statistical Analysis of the Effect of Educational Opportunities and Community Involvement on Adolescents and Sexual Reproductive Health Policy on Retention of Girl Child in Public Secondary Schools in Butula Sub-County, Kenya". African Scientific Annual Review 1, Mathematics 1 (22.04.2024): 106–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51867/asarev.maths.1.1.8.

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Girls’ retention in schools has been found to be a major challenge. Failure to retain girls in secondary schools can be considered as a waste of potential human resources and money spend on them in primary education and time lost in sending them to school in the first place. These girls may become a breed of illiterate women who are less productive economically, socially and politically. Among the critical contemporary social issues affecting many countries is teenage pregnancies. This research, therefore, analyses the effect of educational opportunities and community involvement on girl child retention in public secondary schools in Butula sub-county, Kenya using statistical method. Specifically, the research seeks to establish statistically the impact of educational opportunities and community involvement on girl child retention in public secondary schools in Butula Sub-county, Busia County. The study targeted a sample size of 300 respondents which were selected using convenient and purposive sampling techniques based Mugenda and Mugenda (2004) formula. Also, the data from both primary and secondary sources was used in the study. The instruments for gathering the data comprised questionnaires, interviews, and records from the schools. A SPSS version 25 was used to establish any link between the Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health Policy and girl child retention in public secondary schools Butula Sub-County, Busia County. This study will increase understanding of the effect of teenage pregnancy on class attendance in public secondary schools in Butula Sub-county. The findings of the study indicated that girls missed school during their menstruation because sanitary facilities were inadequate.

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Nanjala, Julita Nasong’o, Margaret M. Immonje i Nalyanya Wasike. "The Economic Challenges Facing Small Scale Sugarcane Farmers in Malava Sub-County, Kakamega County, Kenya". East African Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5, nr 1 (25.10.2022): 212–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajis.5.1.907.

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This study examined the challenges and their effects on sugarcane farming in the Malava sub-county, Kakamega County. The study objectives were to: assess cane transportation problems and establish challenges related to the marketing of sugarcane farmers in the Malava Sub-county. It was undertaken in Malava Sub-county, where sugarcane is the economic backbone and the region’s key cash crop owing to the favourable geographical conditions in Western Kenya. Despite Malava Sub-county’s vast experience in sugarcane farming, production has gone down. Furthermore, such a study is yet to be done in Malava. The study purposed to find out the reasons for inefficiency and insufficiency in sugar production. A descriptive research design was used. Purposive and systematic random sampling techniques were used to select sugarcane farmers from the seven wards; Manda/Shivanga, Butali/Chegulo, Chemuche, East Kabras, West Kabras, and South Kabras, Shirugu/Mugai and the sugar factory stakeholders in the two sugar factories; Butali and Kabras in Malava Sub-county. Malava Sub-county has an estimated population of 65,323 sugarcane farmers. From this population, a sample of 384 was used, based on Mugenda and Mugenda’s formula (2003): n=z2pq/d2, for a target population which is greater than 10,000. Primary data was collected by the use of questionnaires, interview schedules, Focus Group Discussions, and observation guides. Secondary data was collected through a literature search in online journals, theses and publications related to the study topic. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics aided by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The presentation of data was done using tables and graphs. A pilot study in Lwandeti and Chevaywa wards in Lugari Subcounty was conducted to test the validity and reliability of the data collection instruments, and Cronbach’s alpha of 0.8 was good evidence of reliability. Research findings showed that 70% (269) of the respondents accepted that the transportation charges were high compared to other costs of production, 60% (230) of the cane farmers sampled said that there was a ready market for mature sugarcane, while 40% (154) responded negatively and 100% of the farmers indicated that they never witnessed the weighing of their cane. Finally, 79.95% (307) of the farmers accepted that the equipment for the operation of cane farming was mainly the locally available ones for instance, Jembes, Pangas, and ox ploughs; and 83% (319) of farmers failed to uproot old cane due to lack of money to hire the tractors and high technology equipment. Small-scale farmers in the Malava sub-county have low productivity due to these factors. This study recommends that sugar millers cover transportation costs, provide licenses on schedule, introduce mobile weighbridges to allow farmers to observe the weighing of their cane, and the government provide loans for small-scale farmers to acquire village tractors

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Odaro, Jared, i Rosebella Onyango. "Influence of Types of Sexual Reproductive Health Communication between Parents and Adolescents in Butere Sub-County". East African Journal of Health and Science 5, nr 2 (19.10.2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajhs.5.2.897.

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Parents are perceived to be an attractive source of information for influencing adolescents’ SRH (Sexual Reproductive Health) knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour because parents are accessible and always willing sources of information for their adolescent children. Conversations between parents and adolescents about their sexuality in particular are often difficult for both parents and adolescents in Africa. Lack of consistent SRH communication between parents and adolescents has resulted in risky sexual behaviours. In western Kenya, specifically Butere Sub County, the divergence noted in contemporary adolescent sexual behaviour can be explained within the backdrop of collapsed traditional moral codes and mechanisms that controlled and checked sexual behaviour and dereliction of responsibilities by parents while other supportive family institutions (grandparents, uncles, and aunts) have become evanescent. The study sought to determine the influence of types of sexual reproductive health communication between parents and adolescents. This was an analytic cross-sectional study utilising mixed methods study design to collect data. A sample size of 284 participants was selected according to Mugenda and Mugenda; study participants were the parents of adolescents aged between ten to eighteen years of age and the adolescents themselves of the ages between ten to eighteen years old in Butere. Butere was purposively sampled as a place to carry out the study. Random sampling was used to select households with parents and adolescents to participate in the study. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered by the researcher to collect quantitative data from the respondents and analysed using descriptive statistics and presented in percentages. Qualitative data was also collected through FGDs and KIIs using FGD and interview guides; it was then analysed thematically and presented in the form of a narrative. Results in the study show how the types of sexual reproductive health communication used between parents and adolescents influence the SRH communication strategy between adolescents and parents in Butere Sub-County in Kakamega County

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Wambua, Douglas Kioko, i Susan Macharia Macharia. "Investigating School Principals Management Practices in The Implementation of Teacher Performance Appraisal in Public Secondary Schools in Kisauni Sub-County, Mombasa County, Kenya". Journal of Education and Practice 7, nr 1 (30.03.2023): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.1223.

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Purpose: The goal of this study was to assess school principals' management strategies when it comes to adopting Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development (TPAD) in Kenya's Kisauni Sub-public County's secondary schools. The study's objectives were to assess school principals’ instructional supervision practices in the implementation of TPAD in public secondary schools in Kisauni sub-County, Mombasa County, Kenya, to determine school principals' instructional coordination procedures, to analyze school principals' instructional evaluation practices in the implementation of TPAD in public secondary schools in Kisauni Sub-County, Mombasa County, Kenya. Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The target population was 570 teachers, 27 senior teachers, and 27 principals from Kenya's 27 public secondary schools in Kisauni sub-county, Mombasa County. The instructors' sample size was based on 30% of the total population, with 171 teachers being picked. This was in line with Mugenda & Mugenda (2003), who believe that in descriptive research, a sample size of 10-30% is sufficient. Because the number of senior teachers and principals was limited to 30, all of them were chosen. This was based to Wiersema (2009) who asserts that if the items are 30 or less, the study is conducted using the entire population. Therefore, the sample population for the senior teachers was 27 and that for the principals was 27. Respondents were asked to fill out questionnaires to provide information for the study. Findings: The study concluded that school principals’ management practices influence the implementation of Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study suggests that the Kenyan government conduct workshops and other types of training for the Principals in order to give them the opportunity to share their experiences with TPAD implementation in their respective public secondary schools.

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June Wanyonyi, Julius Maiyo i Sarah Likoko. "Implementation of the hundred percent transition policy and infrastructural facilities in public secondary school in Bungoma North Sub County, Kenya". International Journal of Science and Research Archive 9, nr 1 (30.05.2023): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.9.1.0337.

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The study's goal was to determine how well-prepared the public secondary schools in Bungoma North Sub County were to implement the 100% transition policy. Being completely equipped to implement transition policies so that access and quality are simultaneously improved is a quality of school readiness. In Kenya, a law known as the "100% policy" makes sure that every child enrolls in primary school and successfully completes secondary school. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of implementation of the 100% transition policy on infrastructure in public secondary school in Bungoma North Sub County. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population consisted of 126 teachers and 27 Directors of Studies from 27 schools. 38teachers and 9 Directors of Studies were chosen from 9 schools using a purposeful sample method. After applying the Mugenda & Mugenda 30% algorithm to the population of teachers and principals, 126 teachers and 27 Directors of Studies were obtained, establishing the unit of analysis. Structured questionnaires for instructors and an interview schedule for school principals were used as data gathering tools. A pilot study using Cronbach's alpha was conducted in the neighboring county of Trans-Nzoia to evaluate the validity and reliability of the research tools. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0 was used to analyses the data. According to the report, schools that saw a significant rise in enrolment as a result of the program typically had inadequate infrastructural facilities. As a result, the study came to the conclusion that schools are not as ready to implement the 100% transition strategy. According to the report, in order to effectively implement the 100% policy, the government should ensure that the infrastructure, teaching and learning resources, and teachers are enough.

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Smith, Étienne. "Jean-François Dupaquier. L'agenda du génocide. Le témoignage de Richard Mugenzi, ex-espion rwandais". Afrique contemporaine 239, nr 3 (2011): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afco.239.0166.

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Hassan, Amina Abdullahi, i Samson Paul Nyang’au. "Electronic Procurement Practices and Performance of Logistics Firms in Nairobi City County,Kenya". International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research (IJSSHR) ISSN 2959-7056 (o); 2959-7048 (p) 2, nr 1 (24.04.2024): 318–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.61108/ijsshr.v2i1.91.

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The general objective of this study was to examine the relationship between e-procurement practices and performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to ascertain how E-tendering affects performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County, to determine the effect of E-invoicing in the performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County, to what extent E-Payment affect performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County and finally to establish how E-sourcing affect performance of logistics firms in Nairobi County. The study used descriptive design because it enhanced systematic description that is as accurate, valid and reliable as possible regarding the responses. The study was limited to 8 selected logistic firms in Nairobi County. Being an academic study, the period to be covered was 6 months. This study utilized a sample size of 54 respondents. The use of 54 respondents in the study was justified as it was in line with the recommendations of Mugenda and Mugenda who indicated that a descriptive study should include at least 30% of the total population. Since the sample size of 54 represented 30% of the population it was deemed appropriate. The researcher used questionnaires and secondary data as the research instrument to gather the relevant information needed related to the study. The study involved use of professionals and experts to test the validity of questionnaire by trying to assess what concept the instrument is trying to measure and the accuracy of representation of the concept under research. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. In addition, the study used multiple regression analysis to analyze the data. Regarding E-tendering, the study established that E-tendering had a significant and positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study also established that E-invoicing had a significant and positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study further established that E-Payment had significant and a positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County. The study finally established that E-sourcing had significant and a positive effect on the performance of logistic firms in Nairobi County.

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Mwirigi, Padiel, Kagendo Jane i David Karienye. "The Impact of Water Abstraction on River Mutonga Discharge Over the Last 30 Years". Asian Journal of Geographical Research 7, nr 1 (1.02.2024): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1214.

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The declining water levels among rivers flowing through Tharaka Nithi County have been a major concern in the region for the last 30 years. The decline has adversely affected environmental sustainability, water resources, agriculture and the ecosystem. Understanding the relationship between rivers, change of climate and human activities are essential challenging areas. The research aimed to assess the impact of changed rainfall pattern and amount to the declining water levels in Mutonga River over years from 1990 to 2020 and it contribution to the changing water levels in river Mutonga. An exploratory survey and a correlational study were used to compile the data for this analysis. Three regional NEMA officials and three regional water resources authority officials were also surveyed, along with 270 residents in the River Mutonga area. The samples were based on 30% as per Mugenda Mugenda samples analysis. The rainfall and temperature data was acquired from the regional meteorological department based in Embu town. Data on river discharge was acquired from regional water resource authority (WRA) based in Meru town. The result may also recommend suitable practices for management of water resources and come up with disaster control measures in water sector. The local community may also benefit from the study by getting the right information on better methods of conserving water resources, the findings and recommendations from the study may be used as basis for future research related to this study. From the findings, results show that river Mutonga flows has been decreasing over the last 30 years, water abstraction trend has been rising over the entire period in three decades causing a tremendous decline in river discharge. climatic changes have been noted in the region with rainfall amount dropping significantly and temperatures increasing, this has led to decline of the river discharge due reduced rainwater adding to the rivers and increased evaporation rates which leads to loss of water from rivers to the atmosphere. The result from the research may be used to enlighten the County Government of Tharaka Nithi, in making decision, especially in development projects implementation and in the strategic plans of the County Government.

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Chandra, Aldrichnan Aprilio, Felysia Manggala, Richard Purnama, Yuyun Karystin Meilisa Suade i Nurfadilah . "Financial Confidence in Financial Satisfaction Through Financial Behavior for Ciputra School of Business Makassar Students". Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review 6, nr 2 (31.10.2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26487/hebr.v6i2.3958.

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Financial literacy can lead to financial satisfaction (Henager & Anong, 2014). However, the majority of educated people are less content (Grable, J. E., Britt, S., & Cantrell, J., 2007). A person with greater financial literacy is more likely to excercise caution when making financial decisions and, therefore, less likely to feel confidence with their finances. This is also supported by studies by Hira, Fawslow, and Mugenda (cited in Robb & Woodyard, 2011). This study aims to empirically test the causal relationship of financial confidence and financial satisfaction use in relation to financial behavior. This study is an explanatory study aimed at discovering and explaining the causal relationship between variables (Sujarweni, 2019). The results of the study partially indicate a significant effect of financial satisfaction on financial behavior. Financial satisfaction has a positive relationship with financial behavior, Thus, it is concluded that hypothesis 1 is supported and tested by data (received) that financial satisfaction has a positive effect on financial behavior.

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Chandra, Aldrichnan Aprilio, Felysia Manggala, Richard Phurnama, Yuyun Karystin, Meilisa Suade i Nurfadilah Nurfadilah. "Financial Confidence in Financial Satisfaction Through Financial Behavior for Ciputra School of Business Makassar Students". Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review 6, nr 2 (26.09.2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26487/hebr.v6i2.5091.

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Financial literacy can lead to financial satisfaction (Henager & Anong, 2014). However, the majority of educated people are less content (Grable, J. E., Britt, S., & Cantrell, J., 2007). A person with greater financial literacy is more likely to excercise caution when making financial decisions and, therefore, less likely to feel confidence with their finances. This is also supported by studies by Hira, Fawslow, and Mugenda (cited in Robb & Woodyard, 2011). This study aims to empirically test the causal relationship of financial confidence and financial satisfaction use in relation to financial behavior. This study is an explanatory study aimed at discovering and explaining the causal relationship between variables (Sujarweni, 2019). The results of the study partially indicate a significant effect of financial satisfaction on financial behavior. Financial satisfaction has a positive relationship with financial behavior, Thus, it is concluded that hypothesis one is supported and tested by data (received) that financial satisfaction has a positive effect on financial behavior.

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Samson, Logiel Lokwawi, i Wilson Muna Muna. "Environmental Policy and Solid waste management. A case of Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County, Kenya." Journal of Environment 3, nr 1 (6.04.2023): 55–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/je.1231.

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Purpose: The formulation of Environment Policy 2018 of Turkana County is based on the requirement by the (Constitution of Kenya; 2010 and the County Governments Act, 2013) which gives powers to the county government to formulate policies and enact laws. It is this provision that Turkana County sort to formulate policy to address the management of waste in Lodwar municipality and its environment. The purpose of this article was to determine the influence of the Environmental Policy on Solid waste management in a case of Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County, Kenya. The objectives of the study were; To establish impact of private-public partnership on sustainable waste management in Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County; To assess the impact of political good will on solid waste management in Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County; To determine adoption of emission-reducing technologies on solid management in Lodwar municipality, Turkana county and to assess the level of integration of environmental policy with socio-economic policies to boost solid waste management in Lodwar Municipality, Turkana County, Kenya. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted to target residents of Lodwar town, management and municipal workers, traders, fisherfolks, county National Environment Management Authority officers and public health department officers at the county level. Furthermore, the descriptive research design was employed and utilized structured and semi structure questionnaires. Out of the population of 110 target groups the sample size used for the study was 33 as stated by Mugenda and Mugenda 2008 that when a population is below 10000 the sample size should be 10% or 30% of the target population hence 30% was ideal for the study. The quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean scores, and content thematic respectively. Findings: The findings of the study indicated that, there were no monitoring framework in place to determine the effectiveness of the policy, lack of awareness of existence of the policy amongst the municipality employees, lack of political good will and lack of waste regulating system. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: In this regard, the study recommends the need for municipality to establish monitoring system to measure the effectiveness of the environmental policy in addressing the solid waste management issues; there was need of the county government to provide enough resources to support the strategies lied by the policies for environmental sustainability; The community members , municipality and county government staff need to be sensitized on the existence of the environmental policy; a legal framework ought to be developed to provide the regulatory and fiscal instruments needed to achieve Turkana environment policy objectives.

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Wanjala Masinde, John. "EMPLOYMENT OF YOUTH IN KENYA IN RELATION TO COVID 19: A CASE OF TRANS NZOIA COUNTY". International Journal of Advanced Research 8, nr 11 (30.11.2020): 1193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12117.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of COVID 19 on employment of youth in Trans Nzoia County. The study was guided by the following objectives: establish employment status of youth in Trans Nzoia County in relation to COVID 19, examine the demerits of youth joblessness, determine measures that can be fronted by the county government of Trans Nzoia to quell the issue of unemployment among the youth .The study was guided by youth livelihood and empowerment theory of change by M Carson (1979) on the disadvantages of youth not engaged .The study explains the repercussion after the youth involve themselves in activities that go against the social norms . The study employed mixed research method and design where the researcher used quantitative and qualitative data forming triangulation design. The sample size to facilitate the study was arrived by use of the formulae whose proponent is Israel G D (2009) no matter how big the population is you will land at four hundred. The research was carried out in Trans Nzoia County one of the forty-seven counties that forms this great nation Kenya after the promulgation of the new constitution in August 2010. There are quite a number of research instruments that could be employed but in this case the researcher settled on questionnaire research tool. Respondents were considered in terms of gender, age, level of education and experience. Pilot data collection was done to ensure the study does not lose focus. The questionnaire return rate from the five categories ranged between 75% and 95% hence considered excellent in line with recommendation by Mugenda and Mugenda (1999). The study established that the escalating situation in terms of job scarcity is championed by a number of positions created in the job market. The wave of corruption has limited chances offered to those who have a formidable financial muscle. Lack of employment has plunged many youths into abuse of drugs, anti social activities such as prostitution and more so enticed to join terrorist groups such as alkaida, alshabab whose main business is to rock peace and stability in any given community. Many people have succumbed in the hands of those merciless gangs. Parents have lost hope in their children this has actually interfered with family linage for many youth are not willing to enter into marriage. The system of education has been diluted hence falling below international standard. Therefore the youth can land a job elsewhere. Possible measures to be employed by the community in partnership with the government to adapt a curriculum that will prepare the young for any eventuality. If they cannot land job in the market then create one of their own that will evade them from being idle hence lured to join fundamentalist groups.

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Hussein, Hassan Ibrahim, i Johnbosco Kisimbii. "Influence of Community Participation on Projects Implementation in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Case of Road Construction Projects in Garissa County, Kenya". International Journal of Current Aspects 3, nr V (27.09.2019): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3iv.58.

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The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of community participation on projects implementation in arid and semi-arid regions; a case of road construction projects in Garissa County, Kenya. This is due to the fact that numerous roads development projects are either failed or stalling due to poor community participation. The objectives of the study included examining the extent to which community decision making, community human resources mobilization, community involvement in conflicts resolution, and communal projects resources providence influences the implementation of roads construction projects in arid and semi-arid Kenya. The study tested both the null and alternative hypotheses. This study was guided by two theories i.e the Community Development Theory and the Logical Framework Model. This study adopted a descriptive research design. The total target population was 3242 respondents. The sample size was 369 respondents as guided by the Krejcie and Morgan table of 1970. The instrument of data collection was a questionnaire. Pilot testing of the research instruments was conducted using contractors from the Marsabit County, since it had a similar setting. This study used content validity whereby the questionnaire was subjected to the university supervisor, three university lecturers and two students who had defended their masters theses effectively and graduated in the same course. After data was collected, the responses to the close-ended items in the data collection instrument were assigned codes and labels. Frequency counts of the responses were then obtained, to generate descriptive information about the respondents that participated in the study and to illustrate the general trend of findings on the various variables that were under investigation (as facilitated by the use of SPSS version 24.0). This involved the use of percentages and frequency tables because, according to Mugenda and Mugenda (2003), they help to summarize large quantities of data whilst making the report reader friendly. The Chi-square was used to test the hypothesis. Results indicate that majority of the respondents (90%) supported the idea that participation in roads construction decision making influences the implementation of roads projects in Garissa County. Equally, majority of the respondents (76%) supported the idea that participation by the community in human resources mobilization influences the implementation of roads projects significantly in Garissa County. In relation to the argument that community participation in conflicts resolution influences the implementation of roads projects, majority of the respondents supported the idea that community involvement in solving conflicts influences the implementation of the roads construction projects in the locality. Finally, majority of the respondents strongly supported the idea that the community plays a role in providing communal project resources like land and other raw materials (sand and stones).

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Purity, Ngotiek, Dr Titus Kahiga i Dr Onyambu Ondora. "Factors that Influence Place of Delivery for Women of Reproductive Age in Narok South Sub County". American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice 8, nr 4 (14.08.2023): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1560.

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Purpose: The main objective of this study was to explore the factors that influence the place of delivery for women of reproductive age in Narok South Sub County. Methodology: The study adapted a descriptive, cross sectional study design which focused on all women of reproductive age who delivered at home after antenatal hospital care visits in the last 24 months. The research was completed in Narok South Sub County, Narok County in Kenya. The target populace included all women with children below two years of age who gave birth at home yet attended antenatal care visits in a health facility in Narok North Sub-County. The study population included all women of reproductive age which were in the age bracket of 15 and 49 years from Narok south sub-county in Narok County. The study adapted two sampling techniques (purposive sampling and simple random sampling) first, purposive sampling was used to obtain women who have had delivered in the last 24 months and also key informants like TBAs and community elders. A sample of 30% of the targeted population was selected; this is coherent with the proposition by Mugenda and Mugenda (2009) that 30% of the population is deemed to be sufficient for statistical analysis in research. A semi structured questionnaire was utilized to gather data. The study utilized primary data only. The primary data was collected through semi structured questionnaires by visiting households with women of reproductive age who gave birth in the last 24 months in a non- hospital set up. Data was analyzed using excel and statistical package for social sciences SPSS version 22.0. Findings: The study found that emergencies during delivery are well handled in a hospital setup and will greatly improve delivery outcome, the health of the mother and baby. The extended walking distance nearest health facility, the lesser the expectation of mothers to make use of skilled and trained delivery service. The absence of trouble-free transportation service to the nearest health facility is also an essential significant convolution. Source of information on reproductive health matters and more so about pregnancy, labor, and place of delivery can highly influence decision-making on the place of giving birth. Majority of women in rural areas receive advice on reproductive health matters from their 'mothers-in-law and extended family members. When pregnant mothers attend ANC they are taught about delivery and how to prepare for it. Recommendations: County Education officers in liaison with social development officers to promote adult formal education to improve literacy levels, which will go a long way in influencing reproductive health decisions. County health management team, together with the reproductive health section to network with other relevant stakeholders to increase sensitization on utilization of hospital-based deliveries. Health education by all relevant stakeholders on the advantages of hospital delivery. Establish community health units and train community health volunteers and traditional birth attendants to be safe motherhood promoters.

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Meyoki, Nicholas Lemashon, i Lucy Kavindah. "Exploration of Adoption of Information Communication Technology by Tourist Camps in Maasai Mara, Narok County, Kenya". International Journal of Current Aspects 3, nr VI (30.11.2019): 291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3ivi.90.

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The use of ICT in service and hospitality industry is intended to enhance delivery of goods and services in a timely and less costly manner. In consideration of ICT as one of the driving forces of globalization, it may deliver unique opportunities by mitigating on vise such as poaching eradication, terrorism, and poor service delivery, access to information, connectivity as well as access to new markets. The importance of ICT to the economic development has long been recognized and yet tourist camps in Maasai Mara seem to be low in its adoption and use compared to other sectors or within the same sector elsewhere. The purpose of this study therefore was to explore ICT adoption by the Tourist Camps in Maasai Mara. This study was guided by three specific objectives. First is to establish Financial Resources that influences adoption of ICT by the tourist camps in Maasai Mara. Secondly is to determine infrastructural resources that influence adoption of ICT by the Tourist Camps in Maasai Mara. Thirdly is to investigate human resources and adoption of ICT by the Tourist Camps in Maasai Mara. The research utilized descriptive design and was limited to a population of 520 camps in from the Eight Conservancies in Maasai Mara, Narok County.The camps in the study includes both seasonal and permanent Camps. The study adopted a stratified random sampling where the population was grouped into stratus according to status that the camps belong to. The study utilized a formula that was proposed by Mugenda and Mugenda where ten percent of camps were taken from each stratum and their manager used as a respondent to constitute a study sample size of 520 respondents. In this regard, the respondents were the managers of these camps. The study utilized primary data that was gathered using semi structured questionnaire that contained open as well as closed-ended questions. Content validity of the data collection instrument was assessed by the researcher and the supervisor reviewing the items and adopting it from a similar study. On the other hand, the reliability was assessed by use of Chronbach’s alpha coefficient test. The investigator administered questionnaires to the respondents and in cases where the respondent was not available, drop and pick later method was adopted. The study used descriptive statistics in the analysis of the data, which included mean, standard deviation and distribution tables. The presentation of the results was done in various forms, including charts, graphs, and tables. The findings of the study indicated that the independent variables (Financial Resources, infrastructure, and Human Resources) were significant and that there was an association between them and ICT adoption (the dependent variable). The value of adjusted R squared in the final model shows that the percentage of variation of the adoption of ICT can be explained by the combination of the three variables. The research established that there was a significant effect of Financial Resources, infrastructure, Human Resources on ICT adoption by the Tourist Camps in Maasai Mara. Both empirical and statistical evidence proved that a relationship existed between these variables and ICT adoption by the Tourist Camps in Maasai Mara. The study recommends to the institutional infrastructure that supports adoption of information communication technology by the tourist camps.

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Caroline, Asiepet Awunya, Amunga Jane i Ojiema Michael Onyango. "Effect of Adolescents and Sexual Reproductive Health Policy on Girl Child Retention in Public Secondary Schools in Butula Sub-County, Kenya". Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies 49, nr 3 (21.11.2023): 449–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v49i31169.

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The challenge of girls' retention in educational institutions has been identified as a significant obstacle. The inability to maintain the enrollment of female students in secondary schools can be regarded as a squandering of valuable human capital and financial investments made in their primary education, as well as a loss of time invested in their initial enrollment. These young females have the potential to develop into a demographic of women lacking in literacy skills, resulting in diminished economic, social, and political contributions. Among the critical contemporary social issues affecting many countries is teenage pregnancies. The matter of ASRH is a global issue affecting both developed and underdeveloped countries. The problem has drawn attention of governments from both developed and underdeveloped nations. Researchers have also given it consideration and studied it to some extent in their efforts to solve the recurring puzzle of solving the sex related matters that affect adolescents. This research was guided by a general objective, the effect of adolescents and sexual reproductive health policy on girl child retention in public secondary schools in Butula sub-county, Kenya. The study also adopted specific objective as; i)To assess the effect of educational opportunities on girl child retention in public secondary schools in Butula Sub-county Kenya.The study was guided by Human Capital theory of adolescence. Research adopted the descriptive survey design. The study also targeted a sample size of 488 respondents, out of the targeted population of 1335 respondents. The criteria for selecting sample size using convenient and purposive sampling techniques was fixed upon Mugenda and Mugenda (2004) formula. Also, the data from both primary and secondary sources was utilized in the study. The instruments for gathering the data comprised questionnaires, interviews, and records from the schools. Before utilizing the instruments in this research, they were tested using test-retest methods to ascertain validity and reliability. To establish links between variables, the study used correlational analysis. Precisely, a SPSS version 25 was used when seeking to establish any link between the Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health Policy and girl child retention in public secondary schools Butula Sub-County, Busia County. There is an expectation that this study increased towards knowledge or understanding of the effect of teenage pregnancy on class attendance in public secondary schools in Butula Sub-county. Due to the sensitivity of the research all information that was obtained it was regarded as confidential and the participants including the schools kept it anonymous. Also, no one was coerced to become part of the sample space, but consent was the criteria upon selection of respondents in the study. Therefore, this study involved the highest level of confidentiality, acknowledgment and consent when dealing with respondents and sources of data. The finding of the study was that ASRH services were significant to girl retention in schools. Moreover, it was found that information on ASRH on girls’ retention was from media and school. This study recommends that school administrators assume the role of fostering a collaborative relationship between schools and the community. This partnership would facilitate the identification of opportunities for teachers, parents, and community members to collaborate in order to enhance the educational outcomes of students.

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Nnko, Elirehema Daniel. "Swahili Loanwords in Meru Language of the Northeastern Tanzania: A Phonological Analysis of Nouns". International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 8, nr 6 (2023): 282–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.86.44.

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The study highlights the phonological analysis of nouns borrowed from standard Swahili into the Meru language of Northeastern Tanzania. It describes phonological processes that are involved for these borrowed nouns to have acceptable features and for those words to become part of the recipient language as the major objective of the study. The Optimality Theory (OT) introduced by Prince and Smolensky 1993 guided the study, Data were collected from Meru native speakers in Arusha region specifically in Arumeru District as the targeted population through interviews and Native intuition and data were recorded. These tools provide primary data that are directly obtained from the field (Kothari, 1990). This study used a qualitative research approach since data analysis, presentation, and interpretation take descriptive methods (Mugenda, 2003). According to Soeparno, (2002:117), “…the motto is to describe the fact, all the facts, and nothing but the facts”. The study shows that there are processes that are involved during the nativization of borrowed nouns from Swahili into Meru; prosthesis, anaptyxis, sound tolerance, aphaeresis, devoicing, voicing, rhotacization, sound assimilation, substitution of sounds and vowel lengtherning. All these processes have been very helpful as they have helped Meru language users meet their everyday communication needs. The study has now been potential for linguists for future reference and to the researcher as an academician. The study suggests that other areas of the language that have not received much research and academic attention: phonological analysis of borrowed verbs, semantic shift, negative impacts of language borrowing, the influence of Meru language in second language learning, semantic broadening, narrowing, and amelioration; other language levels including semantic, phonetics, morphology and pragmatics should be highly considered since the studies will act as the way of preserving African indigenous languages and will act as instrumental tools towards promoting local languages.

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Abdulelah Al shaikh, Tayseer Fathielalim Abdelhalim Ayed, Ibrahim Al Sultan, Sara Abdullah al sultan, Ameena Abdullah Alsultan, Amal Hussain Alkhamis, Ameen Abdullah Alsultan, Khaira Mohammad alkhalaf i Khadija Moh’d Alsultan. "Down syndrome: Knowledge, perception and attitude of the nursing staffs working at the primary health care centers of Al Ahsa district of Saudi Arabia". International Journal of Science and Research Archive 11, nr 1 (30.01.2024): 1053–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.11.1.0050.

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Introduction: Down syndrome (DS), an autosomal abnormality, is considered the most common and best known chromosomal disorder affecting all countries, all races, and both sexes. DS is a leading cause of specific birth defect and the most commonly identified genetic form of mental retardation. An early structured multidisciplinary family-based care in the neuropsychological development for children with disabilities associated with DS is the need of the hour. In this multidisciplinary effort the role of para medical staffs such as nurses cannot be neglected. They play pivotal role in screening, counseling and helping the parents to cope with the children suffering from DS. Therefore a sound knowledge about DS and a positive attitude towards the children suffering from DS is necessary for them. Material and methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at the Primary health Care centers of Al ahsa region of Saudi Arabia All the nurses working at the MOH primary health centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia were the study population. The study sample was calculated by applying the formula as suggested by Fisher‟s and cited by Mugenda & Mugenda (1999).The calculated sample was 225 nursing staffs working at different MOH operated Primary Health care Centers. Random sampling was done from the list of nurses working at the different primary health care centers of Al Ahsa region of Saudi Arabia till the required sample size was achieved. The data were collected on the data collection sheet using a self-administered bilingual questionnaire Arabic /English (A modified validated questionnaire). The data sheet included on demographics characteristics, questions regarding assessment of knowledge ( magnitude of DS, screening process for DS, signs and symptoms and consequences of DS) and questions related to attitude towards the children suffering from DS. The data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS Version 24. Frequency distribution of basic information and knowledge and attitude scores were constructed and expressed as numbers and percentages. Bivariate analysis was conducted by using a Chi-squared test to examine the association between variables and to assess the relationship between basic information and knowledge and attitude scores. A P value of < 0.05 was be considered as statistically significant. Results and discussion: A total of 131 participants completed this survey. The mean age of the participants was 36.85 years.. The majority of the participants (58.0%) were female. Most of the participants were married (93.1%). The majority of the participants were diploma holders while 24.4% were graduated and 6.1% post graduate. Staff nurse constituted 85.5% of the participants while 5.3% were midwife and 9.2% head nurse. More than fifteen percent (15.3%) of the participants had their family member affected by DS. The mean knowledge regarding the Down syndrome was 4.85. Majority of the participants (59.6%) had good knowledge about the Down syndrome. The mean attitude score of the participants was 3.65. Almost sixty two percent of the participants had positive attitude towards the Down syndrome. The good knowledge about Down syndrome was significantly more among the female participants than male (59.21% vs.41.07%, P=0.045). Degree of good knowledge was not significantly associated with the marital status, educational level The better percentage of good knowledge was significantly more prevalent among the head nurse as compared to the staff nurse and the midwife (66.66% vs.61.60% vs.57.14%., P=0.034). The female participants had significantly higher positive attitude than their male counterpart (67.10% vs, 54.54, P=0.043. There was no significant association of the attitude of the participants towards Down syndrome with marital status, educational qualification The positive attitude towards the Down syndrome was more among the midwife than those of staff nurse and the head nurse(71.42% vs.62.5% vs.50%,P=0.032). The participants without the family history of Down syndrome had better positive attitude towards down syndrome than those with the family history of down syndrome (62.16% vs.60.0$,P= 0.521). Conclusion: The present study has shown that the participants lacked knowledge on the screening methods of detecting Down syndrome. The attitude of the participants towards children suffering from Down syndrome had been satisfactory. There is a need of formulating an education programme on Down syndrome to teach the nurses about the screening methods of Down syndrome among the pregnant women before the birth of the baby and among the children after the birth.

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Lifuleze, Cyrus Memo, Faith Hope Muhonja i Joseph Muchiri. "Determining the human resource factors influencing strikes among healthcare workers in public hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya". Journal of Health, Applied Sciences and Management 7, nr 2 (16.06.2024): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/johasam.v7i2.3.

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In Kenya, the Central Association of Trade Unions (COTU-K) has revealed that there has been an increase in labor cases and strikes. A majority of these cases involve the Union representatives and the public authorities. These strikes cause huge moral discussions, due to their capacity to hurt patients likedeterioration of health, an increase in mortality cases, or a complete shutdown of healthcare facilities. This research aimed to investigate thehuman resource factorsinfluencing strikes among Healthcare workers in public hospitals in Nairobi County, Kenya, and their effects on service delivery. The study adopted the descriptive research design, targeting healthcare workers at Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital, Kenyatta National Teaching and Referral Hospital, Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Mbagathi Hospital, and Ngara Health Center. 400 participants were selected using Mugenda’s (2003) formula. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and processed using the SPSS program, version 26.0, with the level of significance set at 0.05. Chi-square test statistics were employed and analyzed data presented both descriptively, and inferentially using tables.The study found that human resource factors which included staffing level of hospitals (p-value<0.001, (X2(2,N=346)=35.031,p−value<0.001) with OR = 4.875 and CI = (2.804, 8.475), overworking of HCWs/Heavy workloads (X2(3,N=346)=31.244, p-value<0.001) with OR = 0.344 and CI = (0.144, 0.824) and longer shifts (X2(3,N=346)=36.614, p-value<0.001) with OR = 0.669 and CI = (0.240, 1.864) had a significant effect on strikes by healthcare workers. The study further found that strikes affect service delivery in aspects such as putting patients at risk, a drop-in outpatient, evacuation of in-patients, jeopardizing of quality of services, destruction of hospital equipment, and in some cases, a complete shutdown of the hospital. The study recommends that the government should buffer the Health workforce through recruitment, training, and development to cater tothe shortages. Human resource departments should develop rotational duty Rota’s, and assign manageable workloads to avoid longer shifts and burnout of the health workers.

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Bakker-Edoh, Dymphna, Dr Bosibori Oigo i Prof Keren G. Mburugu. "MANAGERIAL PERCEPTIONS ON APPAREL FIT MADE WITH PATTERN DRAFTING AND FREE HAND CUTTING TECHNIQUES". International Journal of Marketing Strategies 3, nr 1 (2.11.2018): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ijms.362.

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Purpose: To assess the management perceptions on apparel fit made with pattern drafting and free-hand cutting techniques.Methodology: The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive survey was considered adequate for this study as it has the advantage of soliciting respondent’s views on the nature of the situation as it existed at the time of a study (Creswell, 2012; Mugenda, 2008). The design is an efficient way of collecting information of a large group of people within a short time using questionnaires. The survey design was deemed appropriate for this study as it has the advantage of seeking the views of informal dressmakers and tailors on the use of pattern drafting and free-hand cutting in apparel construction. It allowed for the use of both quantitative and qualitative techniques in the study. This paved way for better understanding of a phenomenon under study. The use of these methods offered the opportunity to have in-depth information and also the weakness in one method is compensated for by the strength in another method (Creswell, 2012).Results: The results revealed that dressmakers and tailors’ preference to free-hand cutting was influenced by the method they were trained with. Additionally, standardization of apparel production among the members can best be achieved by intensifying the use of pattern drafting as part of apprenticeship training to ensure accuracy in fit among informal dressmakers and tailors locally. The respondents were asked to state their views on whether educational level hinders the progress of their training.Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy: Reason why informal dressmakers and tailors were not using pattern drafting in apprenticeship training might be related to the fact that pattern skills seemed too difficult to understand and the period of training might be short to grasp the details of the method. Taking their educational level and period of training into consideration, it would be very difficult for the apprentices to cope with the contents that come with patterns. This implies that, there is the need to inculcate the use of pattern drafting as part of training curriculum of apprentices and also increase the period of training to allow both masters and apprentices gain better grasp of the pattern drafting skills. When trainees are given adequate training skills on the use of pattern drafting, they would improve and this would in effect manifest in the high standard on fit of apparel among the dressmakers and tailors in the informal setting in the near future. The study recommended future studies to focus on the factors influencing training and acquisition of both skills of apparel constructions. This will help the policy makers rectify the structure of education accordingly to improve the way skills are disseminated and executed.

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NJOROGE, KINYANJUI SAMUEL, DANIEL MUGENDI NJIRU i BERNARD VANLAUWE. "Effect of fertilizer-N and organic resource management on soil aggregates formation and carbon cycling in the central highlands of Kenya". Asian Journal of Agriculture 2, nr 01 (1.06.2018): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g020105.

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Njoroge KS, Mugendi DN, Vanlauwe B. 2018. Effect of fertilizer-N and organic resource management on soil aggregates formation and carbon cycling in the central highlands of Kenya. Asian J Agric 2: 25-37. To inquire the way the alteration of soils of various textures and fertility values with fertilizer-N and organic resources influencing aggregate formation and subsequent carbon (C) cycling in aggregates became the objective of this research. The experiment was carried out in Embu and Machang'a regions of central Kenya and was rooted on a putrefaction tube experiment that was established in April 2005. This experiment was intended at completing long-term field experimentations initiated in 2002 to set up the impact of the application of various combinations of organic and mineral resources on soil nutrient status. The main variables were fertilizer-N and organic resources, with the sub-management being soil fertility values. Maize stover and urea fertilizer were mixed with 3.2 kg of soil and put in putrefaction tubes. The implementation rate was 4 ton and 120 kg per hectare for the maize stover and fertilizer respectively. Four management were developed, namely: control (no organic resources or fertilizer-N added), lone fertilizer-N, lone stover, and combined stover and fertilizer-N, with each management having three replicates. To decide the alterations in soil aggregates, dirt samples acquired from the putrefaction tubes were fractionated through wet sieving. SOM fractionation was also carried out to gain the various SOM fractions. All achieved aggregates and SOM fractions were then dried in the oven, ground, and analyzed for C. All collected data were examined with the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS and the means separated at p <0.05. Bigger quantity of macroaggregates from Embu soils was studied than that from Machang'a soils. For both Embu and Machang'a soil, the alteration of soils with lone or combined fertilizer-N and organic resources had a notable impact (p <0.05) on the portions of all aggregate class sizes. The alteration of soils of various fertility values with lone or combined fertilizer-N and organic resources also had a notable impact on the allocation of SOM fractions for both Embu and Machang' soils. Remarkable discrepancies in whole soils, aggregates and SOM fractions percentage carbon values were also studied. On the whole, the silt and clay fraction had higher C values than that in other aggregate size classes representing higher stabilization of C within this fraction. From the results of this research, it is concluded that the utilization of combined organic and mineral resources is preferred for the enhancement and the preservation of soil fertility in high fertility soils. In low fertility coarse-textured soils, the lone implementation of organic resources is suggested for the enhancement and the preservation of soil fertility.

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Chepwogen Soi, Beatrice. "A Study of Tea Pluckers’ Perception on the Introduction of Tea Plucking Machines in James Finlay’s Kenya". International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 6, nr 02 (26.02.2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v6i2.em09.

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This study sought to assess the perception of tea pluckers on the introduction of tea plucking machines in James Finlay’s Kenya. The research was a case study of one of the major tea industry players; James Finlay’s Kenya Ltd. The target populations were all the tea estates in James Finlay’s (K) Ltd in Kericho County. James Finlay’s has a total of 13 Tea estates. There are a total of 10,262 tea pluckers in the company. A sample of five estates was considered and a sample of 20% of tea pluckers in these estates was taken for the study. A representative group according to Mugenda and Mugenda is one that is at least 10% of the population of interest. The above sample was therefore representative. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and interview methods. The data collected was supplemented with available literature review on the subject of study. The response from cross-functional sample group was analysed using descriptive statistical techniques in form of frequency distribution tables, percentages, pie charts, and computer packages. The study found that the tea pluckers viewed the introduction of the machines negatively; they interpreted it as a way of rendering them obsolete and eventually retrenching them. They therefore did not fully support its implementation

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John Muchira Mwaniki, Dr. Daniel M. Wanyoike i Dr. Frida Simba. "Relationship between Marketing Advancement and Performance of Manufacturing Enterprises in Kenya". International Journal of Business & Management, 17.03.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24940/theijbm/2023/v11/i2/bm2302-017.

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In the last ten years, researchers have pointed out the development of new ideas of innovation in manufacturing enterprises. Among the most explored approaches to innovation is constant interaction with customers. The study was anchored on the General Theory of Innovation (GTI). The target population was senior managers of all the 710 manufacturing companies in Nairobi and the surrounding areas. To determine the sample size, the statistical formula suggested by Mugenda and Mugenda (2003) and Saunders et al. (2009) was used to arrive at a sample size of 274. The researcher employed a stratified simple random sampling technique based on the sub-sector of manufacturing enterprises. Data were collected through a structured open and closed-ended questionnaire. Before embarking on data collection, the instruments were piloted to ensure they were valid and reliable. The study established a positive relationship between marketing advancement and performance (β =0.712, p-value=0.00<0.05). The study recommended that managers of manufacturing enterprises in Kenya ought to endeavor to enhance their online presence, specifically on social network platforms, to improve better customer responsiveness towards complaints and compliments of their products. Policymakers such as the government of Kenya should provide a better trading environment, especially on dumping cheap substandard products in the market to enhance the performance of local manufacturing enterprises.

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Roble, Kassim Osman, i Justus Mochama Gori. "Factors Influencing Pupil Transition from Primary to Secondary School In Hulugho Sub-County, Kenya". Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 20.01.2023, 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v38i3827.

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The study investigated factors influencing transition of pupils from primary to secondary schools in Hulugho sub-county in Kenya. The study, which used quantitative approach, adopted positivist paradigm and employed correlational research design. The target population was the six primary school principals, two secondary school principals, 39 primary school teachers, 17 secondary school teachers, 19 primary school PTA chairpersons, and four secondary school PTA chairpersons of schools in Hulugho Sub County. A sample population of 71 respondents was obtained using formula by Mugenda and Mugenda and selected using stratified proportionate sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guides. Data from questionnaires was analysed using Pearson r while that from interview guide was analysed using verbatim. The study found that; teaching capacity has significant influence on pupil transition from primary to secondary school (p-value < 0.01; r = 0.551). support programs has a significant influence on pupil transition from primary to secondary school (p-value < 0.01; r = 0.656), physical facilities has significant influence on pupil transition from primary to secondary school (p-value < 0.01; r = 0..667) and family background has significant influence on pupil transition from primary to secondary school (p-value < 0.01; r = 0.613) on pupil transition from primary to secondary school, in Hulugho sub-county. The recommends that the primary schools in Hulugho sub-county should ensure that. they acquire and retain recommended teacher-student ratio; teachers are assigned manageable workload; they recruit and nurture highly qualified teachers, they have adequate support program structures, and sufficient school physical.

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Kenneth Kiplimo, Samuel Ronguno i Paul Ejore. "Influence of Learner-Related Factors on 100% Transition from Primary to Secondary Schools in Chesumei Sub-County in Nandi County, Kenya". International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies, 3.01.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-025.

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The government of Kenya is committed to raising the transition rates of learners from primary to secondary schools. Transition rate is seen as a measure of internal efficiency of education system. The aim of carrying out the current study was to investigate the influence of learner-related factors towards the achievement of 100% transition to secondary schools in Chesumei sub-county in Nandi County and then use the findings to suggest ways of raising transition rates. The objectives that guided the study were stated as: to find out the influence of learner-related factors on 100% transition from primary to secondary schools. While conducting the study, a descriptive survey was used; therefore, questionnaires and interview schedules were used in data collection. The study was guided by the life course theory, which was proposed by Elder (2000). The theory believes that there is a strong link between children's environments and their economic success. The study targeted 5125 class eight learners, 55 headteachers, 55 class teachers, learners who have missed the transition to secondary schools since 2018, and the sub-county Director of Education. Purposive sampling was used to select learners who did not transition to secondary schools. 20% of learners in class Eight were selected to participate in the study, as suggested by Mugenda (2003). The total number of respondents was 1136. The questionnaires used for teachers and learners had coefficients of 0.749 and 0.678, respectively. Raw data collected was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively using SPSS package and then presented in tables and charts. The findings of the study were that family background greatly influences transition rates of learners in the sub-county. For the said findings, therefore, there is a need for the government to put adequate measures in place to address the challenges.

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KAMAU, NAOMI NJERI, JAMES B. KUNGU i DANIEL MUGENDI. "Effects of mycorrhizal and Rhizobium inoculation on soybean growth in acidic soils of Gatanga, Kenya". Cell Biology and Development 4, nr 1 (28.09.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/cellbioldev/v040101.

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Abstract. Kamau NN, Kungu JB, Mugendi D. 2020. Effects of mycorrhizal and rhizobium inoculation on soybean growth in acidic soils of Gatanga, Kenya. Cell Biol Dev 4: 1-16. Central Kenya's farmers have found it challenging to appropriately conserve and replace soil nutrients due to small landholdings and poverty. The inevitable result has been soil erosion and nutrient leaching, resulting in soil acidity. The purpose of this study was to see how inoculating soybeans (Glycine max Merr.) with both mycorrhiza and rhizobium as a biological approach to enhancing soil fertility in acidic soils in Gatanga, Thika District, affected soil fertility. Field studies on sterilized and non-sterilized soils taken from Gatanga were conducted at Gatanga and Kenyatta University (on-station). The field studies used a complete randomized block design, whereas the on-station experiments used a complete randomized design. The Genestat for Windows Version 8.11 was used to analyze variance (ANOVA) on the data, with means separated using LSD at a 5% significance difference. As a result of the dual inoculation with mycorrhiza and Rhizobium, the growth parameters of height, root collar diameter, shoots, and root dry weight all increased. Higher nitrogen fixation by soybeans, as demonstrated by increased nodulation and grain yields, was also a result of dual inoculation. On the germination of soybeans, dual inoculation with mycorrhiza and rhizobium had no significant effect (p<0.05). In the long rains, the height of soybeans increased greatly over the control by 88 %, but in the short rains, the growth was not significant. In the on-station experiments, there was no significant difference in height between sterilized and non-sterilized soil. Dual inoculation improved root collar diameter in the long and short rains by 80% and 8.6%, respectively. Dual inoculation raised the dry weight of the shoots by 140 % in the on-farm long rains 2005 season, whereas the changes were not significant in the short rains season and on-station experiments. In the on-farm long rains 2005 season, dual inoculation improved grain yields by 356 %, while on-station experiments saw grain yields increase by 76 % and 107 % in sterilized and non-sterilized soils, respectively. Even though nodulation was poor in all the experiments, the number of nodules increased by 676 % over the control during the long rains of 2005. The control (S) had no nodules in the on-station experiments; maybe low precipitation caused the short rain crop to perform worse than the long rain. Finally, mycorrhiza and rhizobium biological organisms could boost the productivity of the legume soybean in acidic soils. However, technologies to make microorganisms available to farmers must be developed. The obligatory nature of mycorrhizal fungi makes cultivation and commercialization difficult, and the short shelf life of rhizobium at room temperature precludes its usage by resource-limited farmers.

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MUGENI, REGINE, GORDON I. SMITH, ANNE E. SUMNER, WILLIAM T. CADE i DOMINIC REEDS. "1561-P: Insulin Secretion Is Markedly Impaired in Young, Lean Rwandan Adults with New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes". Diabetes 73, Supplement_1 (14.06.2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db24-1561-p.

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Introduction: 80% of cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) occur in low- and middle-income countries and primarily afflicts lean people; the reasons for this are unclear but may relate to fat-distribution and/or pancreatic function. We aimed to: 1) compare insulin-secretion rates (ISR) between lean, (BMI <25kg/m2) Rwandan adults with and without new-onset (<1yr) T2D; and 2) to examine the impact of elevated WC (<85cm for women and <90cm for men, >75th %ile of group) on ISR and insulin resistance in people with T2D. Methods: BMI, WC, and a 3-hour frequently-sampled oral-glucose tolerance-test were performed in 23 Rwandans; 15 with T2D (7 Male) and 8 healthy people (5 Male). ISR was determined by mathematical-modeling. Groups were compared with students t-test or ANOVA were appropriate. Results: Healthy and T2D groups were well matched for age (43±3y vs 46±2 y) and BMI (22±1 vs 22±1 kg/m2), respectively. Glucose area under the curve (AUC) was lower (1179±55 vs 2150±196 mg.ml-1.min, P<0.05) and insulinogenic-index was greater (91±18 vs 23±8, P<0.01) in healthy people than people with T2D, respectively. Rwandans with T2D and normal WC had an ISR-AUC ~2 fold lower (54±9 vs 117±20, P=0.07) than T2D and elevated WC. HOMA-IR was greater in Rwandans with T2D and elevated WC than healthy people (2.2±0.4 vs 0.9±0.1, P<0.05). Conclusions: In lean Rwandan people with new-onset T2D but normal WC, alterations in insulin secretion rather than insulin-resistance predominate. In contrast, in Rwandans with T2D and elevated WC, insulin resistance rather than insulin secretion may be a major factor. This suggests that the pathogenesis of T2D differs based on WC in Rwandans with implications for prevention and therapy. Disclosure R. Mugeni: None. G.I. Smith: None. A.E. Sumner: None. W.T. Cade: None. D. Reeds: None. Funding McDonnell FoundationP30DK056341P30DK092950

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