Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Mountain bike

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Mountain bike”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 29 maja 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Mountain bike"

Karisman, Vicki Ahmad. "Motivation Patterns of Cyclists in the New-Normal Era". JUARA : Jurnal Olahraga 7, nr 1 (17.12.2021): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33222/juara.v7i1.1453.

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This study aimed to determine the motivation pattern of the riders of mountain bikes, road bikes, and folding bikes in the new-normal era. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative. The participants of this study were 258 cyclists in Bandung. The data was collected through a Sport Motivation Scale-6 questionnaire. This study indicates that there is no significant difference between the motivation of mountain bike, road bike, and folding bike riders. However, there is a substantial difference in income indicators in sociodemography, especially for road bike riders, while mountain bike and folding bike riders do not have any significant differences. This study shows that the motivation patterns of cyclists impact the cycling activities undertaken.

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Hall, Cougar, Taylor H. Hoj, Clark Julian, Geoff Wright, Robert A. Chaney, Benjamin Crookston i Joshua West. "Pedal-Assist Mountain Bikes: A Pilot Study Comparison of the Exercise Response, Perceptions, and Beliefs of Experienced Mountain Bikers". JMIR Formative Research 3, nr 3 (13.08.2019): e13643. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13643.

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Background Mountain biking is an aerobic physical activity that has experienced rapid growth. The emergence of the electric pedal-assist mountain bike (eMTB), while not without its critics, presents the potential for an even larger segment of the population to enjoy the health benefits of mountain biking. Although the research focused on the use of e-bikes generally is growing, there is limited research specifically targeting eMTB use. Research is needed exploring the potential exercise response of riding an eMTB, together with the beliefs and perceptions of mountain bikers who have and have not experienced eMTB riding. Objective This study aimed to compare conventional mountain bike and eMTB use. This was done by investigating 2 questions: (1) What proportion of exercise response is retained for an experienced mountain biker while using an eMTB when compared with a conventional mountain bike? and (2) What are the perceptions and beliefs of experienced mountain bikers toward eMTBs both before and after riding an eMTB? Methods A convergent mixed methods data collection approach was used in the study. Participants completed both a pre- and postride questionnaire, and data regarding heart rate were collected. Heart rates from each ride were compared against each other. Results The average heart rate during eMTB use was 94% (31/33) of the average heart rate during conventional mountain bike use. Therefore, eMTB use in this study achieved a majority of the exercise response and exceeded established biometric thresholds for cardiovascular fitness. Paired t test statistics were calculated to compare beliefs of conventional mountain bikes and eMTBs and to compare mean heart rate and speed between conventional mountain bike and eMTB use on the study loop. Participants overwhelmingly perceived the potential impact of eMTB use to be positive on both pre- and post-eMTB ride questionnaires. Conclusions Despite the measured benefit, participants’ perceived exertion while riding the eMTB was low.

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Smith, Carine, i Kathryn H. Myburgh. "Mountain-bike Racing". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (maj 2005): S238—S239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200505001-01240.

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Rouzier, Pierre. "Mountain Bike Injuries". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (maj 2006): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-00151.

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Rouzier, Pierre. "Mountain Bike Injuries". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 38, Supplement (maj 2006): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200605001-00292.

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Smith, Carine, i Kathryn H. Myburgh. "Mountain-bike Racing". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 37, Supplement (maj 2005): S238???S239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200505001-01240.

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Buning, Richard J., Zachary Cole i Matthew Lamont. "A case study of the US mountain bike tourism market". Journal of Vacation Marketing 25, nr 4 (12.04.2019): 515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766719842321.

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Communities and regions throughout the United States are investing in the development and enhancement of requisite resources to leverage the growth of mountain bike tourism. However, an understanding of mountain bike tourists’ demographics, travel patterns, trip behaviors, and expenditures is lacking, thereby hampering product and market development efforts. The purpose of this study was to explore the demographics, travel preferences, and travel behaviors of US mountain bike tourists. Through an online survey hosted on a popular mountain bike website, a sample of US mountain bike tourists ( N = 810) was gathered. Data revealed that mountain bike tourists are predominately middle-aged affluent males who take an average of five short-break trips annually of about 400 miles per trip during the spring and summer months, and in the process spend approximately US$400 per trip. Stemming from the results, implications for mountain bike tourism development are discussed.

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Oyaizu, Hiroshi. "Suspension of Mountain Bike". Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 101, nr 955 (1998): 418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.101.955_418.

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Schlemmer, Philipp, Michael Barth i Martin Schnitzer. "Comparing motivational patterns of e-mountain bike and common mountain bike tourists". Current Issues in Tourism 23, nr 10 (14.04.2019): 1186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1606168.

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Setiawan, Erry. "Persepsi Kebijakan Fiskal 2021 dan Kinerja Perekonomian Daerah Terhadap Volume Penjualan Sepeda Gunung dengan Pandemi Covid-19 Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Pada Konsumen Toko Sumber Agung Jl. Niaga Kota Mojokerto)". JEBDEER: Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business Development and Economic Educations Research 4, nr 1 (7.10.2020): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32616/jbr.v4i1.217.

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The objectives of this study are: 1) Analyze the perceptions of fiscal policy 2021 towards the Covid-19 pandemic. 2) Analyze the influence of regional economic performance on the Covid-19 pandemic. 3) Analyze the effect of perceptions of fiscal 2021 on mountain bike sales volume. 4) Analyze the influence of regional economic performance on mountain bike sales volume. 5) To find out and analyze the effect of mountain bike sales volume on the Covid-19 pandemic. 6) To find out and analyze the effect of the perception of fiscal 2021 policy indirectly on the volume of mountain bike sales through the Covid-19 pandemic. 7) Analyze the effect of regional economic performance indirectly on mountain bike sales volume through the Covid-19 pandemic. The population in this study were consumers of Toko Sumber Agung Jl. Commerce in Mojokerto City. The sampling method used census technique, data analysis used SPSS version 20 for validity test with factor analysis, reliability test with Cronbach. Classic assumption test and multiple linear regression analysis, to verify and prove the research hypothesis. From the research results it can be concluded as follows: 1) Perceptions of fiscal 2021 policy have no effect on the Covid-19 Pandemic 2) Regional economic performance has a significant effect on the Covid-19 Pandemic 3) Perceptions of fiscal policy in 2021 have no effect on mountain bike sales volume regions have a significant effect on mountain bike sales volume 5) The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant effect on mountain bike sales volumes 6) Perceptions of 2021 fiscal policy have an indirect effect on mountain bike sales volume through the Covid-19 Pandemic 7) Regional economic performance has an indirect effect the volume of mountain bike sales through the Covid-19 Pandemic

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Mountain bike"

Linaker, Kelly, i n/a. "Physiological and Performance characteristics of Elite Mountain Bike Cyclists". University of Canberra. Health Sciences, 2004. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20080916.141457.

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Cross-country (XC) mountain bike (MTB) riding is a new cycling discipline and research examining the physiological demands of MTB racing is limited. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively measure physiological characteristics, to identify the performance demands of XC and time trial (TT) MTB racing and to simulate a field MTB race in the laboratory to measure the physiological responses associated with racing. Twelve male and four female elite MTB cyclists volunteered to take part in this study. Subjects completed maximal aerobic power and, anaerobic power and capacity tests. MTB race data was collected during TT and XC competitions with SRM MTB power cranks fitted to the subjects MTB. Five male MTB cyclists (V . O2max 72.0 +/- 4.6 ml/kg/min-1, maximum power output (MPO) 5.40 +/- 0.30 W/kg-1, maximum heart rate (HRmax) 189 +/- 7 bpm) performed two laps of a MTB course in the field using their race bikes with MTB SRM power cranks fitted. A laboratory MTB race simulation was performed using a wind braked ergometer. Cyclists attempted to match the average and peak power output (W/kg-1) achieved in the field trial in the laboratory. Power output (PO), heart rate (HR) and cadence (revolutions per minute, rpm) were measured during field and laboratory trials, while oxygen uptake (V . O2) was determined only during the laboratory simulation. Results showed TT MTB racing is significantly shorter in duration and distance than XC racing and significantly higher for power output and heart rate, with more time spent above anaerobic threshold (16.0 +/- 2.4 and 22.8 +/- 4.3% time) and MPO (38.4 +/- 5.2 and 26.5 +/- 9.4% time) than XC racing (p<0.05). Mean power output and heart rate between the field and laboratory trials were similar (4.18 +/- 0.55 and 4.17 +/- 0.15 W/kg-1 respectively, 175 +/- 9 and 170 +/- 8 bpm). Time spent below 2 W/kg-1 and above 6 W/kg-1 for the field and laboratory trials accounted for ~32% and ~30% of the total time, respectively. During field and laboratory trials, cyclists utilised 77.8 and 77.3% of MPO, 93 and 90% of HRmax, respectively. There was a significant difference between mean cadence in the field and laboratory trials (60.3 +/- 9.1 and 75.2 +/- 7.0 rpm, respectively, p<0.05). The cadence band of 60-69 rpm showed a significant difference between the time spent in that band from the field (14.6%) to the laboratory (4.6%). The time spent above a cadence of 80 rpm in the field was 29.8% compared to the laboratory at 62.0% of the time. Mean and peak V . O2 for the simulation was 57.5 +/- 3.3 and 69.3 +/- 4.4 ml/kg-1/min-1 respectively, with cyclists sustaining an average of ~80% V . O2max. In summary, MTB competition requires multiple short-high intensity efforts and places high demands on both the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. The power output and heart rate responses to a MTB field race are similar when simulated in the laboratory, although in the laboratory higher cadences are selected for the higher power outputs than the field.

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Metcalfe, John. "The physiology and bioenergetics of ultraendurance mountain bike racing". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2011. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/2824/.

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Ultraendurance mountain bike racing is a relatively new sport and has received scant research attention. The practical difficulty of field-testing during competition has played a role in this dearth of knowledge. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the physiology and bioenergetics of cross-country marathon (XCM) and 24 hour team relay (24XCT) mountain bike racing. Study One analysed the physiological characteristics of XCM competitors and compared them to data from studies in the literature for Olympic-distance cross-country (XCO) mountain bike competitors. The XCM participants had lower mean peak aerobic capacity (58.4 ± 6.3 mL•kg-1•min-1), greater body mass (72.8 ± 6.7 kg) and estimated percentage body fat (10.4 ± 2.4%) compared to values reported for XCO competitors in the literature. Stature (1.77 ± 6.0 m) and normalised peak power output (5.5 ± 0.7 W•kg-1) were comparable. These data suggest that specific physiological characteristics of XCM competitors differ from those of XCO competitors. Study Two quantified and described the exercise intensity during a XCM race by monitoring heart rate responses. The mean heart rate (150 ± 10 beats•min-1) for the duration of the race equated to 82 percent of maximum heart rate and did not differ significantly throughout the race (p = 0.33). The data indicated that the XCM race was of a high aerobic intensity. Prior to the competition the relationship between heart rate and O2peak for each participant was established during an incremental laboratory test. Energy expenditure was estimated by assigning 20.2 kJ to each litre of oxygen consumed. The mean rate of energy expenditure during the race was estimated to be 59.9 kJ•min-1. Furthermore, no anthropometric or physiological measures were correlated to race speed, indicating that other factors contribute to race performance. The third study was a laboratory-based investigation to determine whether physiological factors relevant to 24XCT racing change with time of day. On separate days participants cycled on an ergometer for 20 min at 82 percent of maximum heart rate at 06:00, 12:00, 18:00, and 00:00 h. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed for several physiological responses (heart rate, oxygen uptake, salivary cortisol concentrations and intra-aural temperature) but not for performance variables (power output and self-selected cadence). It was concluded that the laboratory protocol lacked ecological validity and that it was necessary to test within a race using authentic 24XCT competitors. In order to measure in-race performance, Study Four examined the agreement between a bottom-bracket ambulatory ergometer (Ergomo®Pro) and the criterion SRM power meter in a field-based setting. Analysis of absolute limits of agreement found that the Ergomo®Pro had a systematic bias (± random error) of 4.9 W (± 6.12). Based on tolerances recommended in the literature the unit was considered fit for purpose for measuring power output during 24XCT racing. Study Five was a multiple case-study design that examined the physiological and performance parameters of a team during a 24XCT race. It was reported that mean work-shift speed (18.3 ± 2.6 km•h-1), power output (219 ± 50.9 W) and cadence (64.1 ± 9.3 rpm) were variable between participants and between work-shifts. A commonality amongst the participants was an increase in speed during the final work-shift compared to the penultimate one. A decline in work-shift heart rate was observed throughout the race. For the majority of participants an increase in gross efficiency (1.7 ± 1.4 %) was reported from the penultimate to the final work-shift. It was concluded that pacing strategies were employed and that the improved efficiency was caused, in part, by an increased familiarity with the course during the race. Study Six examined the nutritional practices and energy expenditure of the same team during the same 24XCT race. Energy expenditure during the work-shifts was estimated in accordance with Study Two. Resting energy expenditure during the recovery periods was estimated using the Harris and Benedict formula (1919). Food and fluid consumption were determined via food diaries and hydration status was assessed by measuring the refractive index of urine. Energy consumption (17.3 ± 2.2 MJ) was considerably less than energy expenditure (30.4 ± 6.1 MJ) with the former accounting for only 57 percent of the latter. The energy cost during the work-shifts was estimated to be 74.5 kJ•min-1. Mean fluid intake (6.3 ± 0.9 L) for the 24 h was sufficient to maintain hydration status. Based on these studies an integrated model of the factors that influence ultraendurance mountain bike performance was developed. The domains that influence race speed are physiological factors, technical and tactical factors, and nutritional strategies. The sub domain that influences these is environmental factors. Collectively this information is of practical importance to sport scientists, coaches and athletes involved with designing nutritional and tactical preparation strategies and training programmes for this sport.

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Waal, Steven Robert. "A Quantitative Approach for Tuning a Mountain Bike Suspension". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2271.

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A method for tuning the spring rate and damping rate of a mountain bike suspension based on a data-driven procedure is presented. The design and development of a custom data acquisition system, known as the "MTB DAQ," capable of measuring acceleration data at the front and rear axles of a bike are discussed. These data are input into a model that is used to calculate the vertical acceleration and pitching angular acceleration response of the bike and rider. All geometric and dynamic properties of the bike and rider system are measured and built into the model. The model is tested and validated using image processing techniques. A genetic algorithm is implemented with the model and used to calculate the best spring rate and damping rate of the mountain bike suspension such that the vertical and pitching accelerations of the bike and rider are minimized for a given trail. Testing is done on a variety of different courses and the performance of the bike when tuned to the results of the genetic algorithm is discussed. While more fine tuning of the model is possible, the results show that the genetic algorithm and model accurately predict the best suspension settings for each course necessary to minimize the vertical and pitching accelerations of the bike and rider.

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Waal, Steven. "A Quantitative Approach for Tuning a Mountain Bike Suspension". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2246.

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A method for tuning the spring rate and damping rate of a mountain bike suspension based on a data-driven procedure is presented. The design and development of a custom data acquisition system, known as the MTB~DAQ, capable of measuring acceleration data at the front and rear axles of a bike are discussed. These data are input into a model that is used to calculate the vertical acceleration and pitching angular acceleration response of the bike and rider. All geometric and dynamic properties of the bike and rider system are measured and built into the model. The model is tested and validated using image processing techniques. A genetic algorithm is implemented with the model and used to calculate the best spring rate and damping rate of the mountain bike suspension such that the vertical and pitching accelerations of the bike and rider are minimized for a given trail. Testing is done on a variety of different courses and the performance of the bike when tuned to the results of the genetic algorithm is discussed. While more fine tuning of the model is possible, the results show that the genetic algorithm and model accurately predict the best suspension settings for each course necessary to minimize the vertical and pitching accelerations of the bike and rider.

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Guzenko, A. I. "History of mountain biking". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45489.

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The history of Mountain Biking begins in the mid 1970's when the sport of bicycling was rapidly developing. A few biking 'freaks' in the state of California did nоt just turn a hobby and a number of innovative improvements into a profession with their new 'fat tire' bike. Instead they set in motion a worldwide boom.

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Schiøtz, Olsen Sigrid. "Bike to Ski : Merging ski touring- and mountain bike wear in an attempt to optimise multifunctional outdoor wear for women". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23897.

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This project investigates the merging of performance apparel from mountain biking and ski touring, based on the emerging trend in combining mountain biking and ski touring as sports. Designing apparel for a combination of sports could contribute to a sustainable change in the outdoor industry by affecting the design thinking, demand and consumerism. All the garments are developed based on the female body and needs. This is shown through both commercial pieces and experimental pieces, with garment shapes that are both similar and not so similar to existing garments. Material placement is based on movement and thermoregulatory responses of the female athlete and plays an important part to achieve both expression and function in the garments. The methodology is explained through five parts; field testing, sketching, prototyping, experimenting and evaluation, which are used both numerical and independently of each other. This resulted in a collection of seven outfits where three of these are produced and the remaining four are illustrated through development, sketches and technical descriptions. Results show suggestions of how a combination between sports could be developed and used. It also shows potential to be developed even further into other various directions.

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Soliani, Francesco. "Effetto delle vibrazioni nella mountain bike e nello sci alpino tramite sensori inerziali". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21363/.

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Lo studio svolto in questo elaborato consiste in un’analisi biomeccanica delle vibrazioni che subisce il corpo umano durante due attività sportive: la mountain bike e lo sci alpino. Il seguente lavoro si occuperà di definire, tramite la ricerca di articoli scientifici, il ruolo che possono avere le vibrazioni in queste due discipline. Questa ricerca nasce da una forte passione per entrambe le discipline e dalla curiosità di approfondire aspetti legati alla biomeccanica in particolare al ruolo di questa disciplina nell’analisi del rischio di infortunio. Lo scopo è quindi quello di quantificare gli effetti delle vibrazioni e valutare l’influenza di fattori quali per esempio la dimensione o la pressione dei pneumatici al fine di limitare il rischio di infortunio per gli atleti che praticano la disciplina.

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Lee, Hamilton, i n/a. "Competitive mountain bike and road cycling: physiological characteristics of athletes and demands of competition". University of Canberra. Health Sciences, 2003. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050523.110406.

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Despite many studies describing the physiological characteristics of professional road cyclists and recent work describing the demands of competition, there is a paucity of similar information regarding elite mountain bike (MTB) cyclists. The aim of the present work was to describe the physiological characteristics and the demands of competition for successful MTB cyclists relative to successful road cyclists. Internationally competitive cyclists from both disciplines (seven MTB and seven road) completed the following laboratory tests: anthropometric measurements, an incremental cycle ergometer test and a 30 minute laboratory time trial. In addition, the power output profile obtained in the field from a world-class MTB cyclist riding a simulated race were compared to successful road cycling performances (placing top 3) in flat (FLAT), semi-mountainous (SEMO), high-mountainous (HIMO), individual time trial (ITT) and criterium (CRIT) road races. Due to conversion problems, 6 sentences have been omitted. For full abstract, see 01front.pdf. These results indicate that success in international MTB racing requires high power-to-weight characteristics complemented by a light and lean physique. MTB racing is associated with greater torque at the pedal crank, a more constant effort with less time at lower power outputs and a higher frequency of highintensity surges than road racing. Therefore coaches should take into account these unique MTB racing characteristics when devising training programs for elite athletes.

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Greeff, Marli. "Physiological demands of the Absa Cape Epic mountain bike race and predictors of performance". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95970.

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Thesis (MScSportSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this qualitative-quantitative study was to describe the exercise intensity and predictors of performance of a multi-stage mountain bike (MTB) race (2014 Absa Cape Epic) lasting 8 days. Twenty-three amateur mountain bikers (age 39 ± 9 years, height 178.8 ± 8.2 cm, body mass 74.7 ± 9.1 kg, VO2max 54 ± 7 ml.kg-1.min-1) who completed the 2014 Absa Cape Epic were involved in the study. The participants were divided into two groups according to their MTB experience. The experienced group included participants who previously completed more than three 3-day multi-stage MTB events and the novices group included those who has completed less than 3-day multi-stage MTB events. Prior to the event the participants completed a maximal aerobic cycling test and a simulated 40 km time trial (TT). The maximal aerobic test was used to determine 3 work intensity zones based on heart rate (HR) corresponding to blood lactate thresholds (LT: increase in blood lactate concentration of 1 mmol.l-1 above baseline values and the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA), a fixed blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol.l-1). There were no statistically significant differences in the physical, physiological and performance variables measured in the laboratory between the two groups. The exercise intensity during the Cape Epic was measured using telemetric HR monitoring sets. RPE values were noted after each stage of the race. The mean HR was 88.1 ± 5.3% (experienced) and 84.2 ± 11.0% (novices) of maximal HR during the race or 88.9 ± 3.5% (experienced) and 85.9 ± 10.6 (novices) of laboratory determined maximum HR. More time was spent in the “low” HR zone (43.1 % vs 58.5 %, respectively), while only a small amount of time was spent in the “hard” HR zone (7.4% and 6.1%, respectively). The experienced group spent statistically significantly more time in the “moderate” HR zone compared to the novices group (49.5 % vs. 35.4 %). The experienced group performed significantly better during the event compared to the novices group in both the total event time (P = 0.004) and the general classification (P = 0.01). Relative and absolute power output (PO) at OBLA (P = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively) were statistically significant predictors of total event time, while relative peak power output was a significant predictor of general classification for the event (P = 0.02) . The total TT time was a significant predictor of average event HR (P = 0.03). This study showed that this MTB stage race is physiologically very demanding and requires cyclists to have excellent endurance capacity, as well as strength and power. The parameters from the maximal aerobic capacity test correlated better with outdoor performance than parameters from the simulated 40 km TT. Therefore the standard maximal aerobic capacity test are sufficient for testing mountain bikers and sport scientists can continue using this test to prescribe exercise intensity zones for training and events.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie kwalitatiewe-kwantitatiewe studie was om die oefeningsintensiteit en voorspellers van prestasie tydens ‘n multi-dag bergfiets kompetisie (Absa Cape Epic) van 8 dae lank te bepaal. Drie-en-twintig bergfietsryers (ouderdom 39 ± 9 jaar, lengte 178.8 ± 8.2 cm, liggaamsmassa 74.7 ± 9.1 kg, VO2maks 54 ± 7 ml.kg-1.min-1) wat die 2014 Absa Cape Epic voltooi het, het aan die studie deelgeneem. Die deelnemers is in twee groepe verdeel volgens hulle ervaring in multi-dag bergfiets kompetisies. Die ervare groep was al die deelnemers wat meer as drie 3-dae multi-dag bergfiets kompetisies voltooi het. Die onervare groep was al die deelnemers wat minder as drie 3-dag multi-dag bergfiets kompetisies voltooi het. Voor die kompetisie het al die deelnemers ‘n maksimale aërobiese toets en ‘n gesimuleerde 40 km tydtoets in die laboratorium voltooi. Die maksimale aërobiese toets is gebruik om drie werk intensiteit sones volgens die hartspoed te bepaal, naamlik die hartspoed by die laktaatdraaipunt(‘n toename in bloed [laktaat] van 1 mmol.l-1 bo die basislynwaardes) en die hartspoed by die aanvang van bloedlaktaat akkummulasie (‘n vaste bloed [laktaat] waarde van 4 mmol.l-1). Daar was geen statisties betekenisvolle verskille in die fisiese, fisiologiese en prestasie veranderlikes tussen die twee groepe nie. Die oefeningsintensiteit tydens die Cape Epic was gemeet deur gebruik te maak van hartspoedmonitors. Die RPE waardes was aan die einde van elke skof genoteer. Die gemiddelde hartspoed was 88.1 ± 5.3 % (ervare) en 84.2 ± 11.0 % (onervare) van maksimale kompetisie hartspoed, of 88.9 ± 3.5 % (ervare) en 85.9 ± 10.6 % (onervare) van die maksimale hartspoed soos in die laboratorium gemeet. Die fietsryers het meer tyd spandeer in die “lae” hartspoed sone (43.1 % vs 58.5 %, onderskeidelik), in vergelyking met die “moeilike” hartspoed sone (7.4 % vs 6.1 %, onderskeidelik). Die ervare groep het statisties betekenisvol meer tyd in die “matige” hartspoed sone spandeer (49.5 % vs. 35.4 %) in vergelyking met die onervere groep. Die ervare groep het beter presteer tydens die kompetisie vir beide totale kompetisie tyd (P = 0.004) en algehele klassifikasie (P = 0.01). Relatiewe en absolute krag by aanvang van bloed laktaat akkumulasie was statisties betekenisvolle voorspellers van totale kompetisie tyd (P = 0.01 en 0.02, onderskeidelik), terwyl maksimale krag ‘n statisties betekenisvolle voorspeller was van algehele klassifikasie in die kompetisie (P = 0.02). Die totale tydtoets tyd was ‘n statisties betekenisvolle voorspeller van gemiddelde hartspoed tydens die kompetisie. Die studie het gewys dat hierdie multi-dag bergfiets kompetisie fisiologies baie uitdagend is en dat fietsryers uistekende uithouvermoë kapasiteit, sowel as krag en plofkrag moet besit. Die veranderlikes van die maksimale aërobiese toets het beter met prestasie in die veld gekorreleer as die veranderlikes van die gesimuleerde 40 km tydtoets. Daar word dus afgelei dat die standaard maksimale aërobiese toets voldoende is vir die toetsing van bergfietsryers en sportwetenskaplikes kan aanhou om hierdie toets te gebruik om oefeningsintensiteit sones voor te skryf vir oefensessies en kompetisies.

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Haman, Martin. "Design rámu horského kola". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229015.

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The aim of master thesis is the design of full suspension mountain bike frame for racing and competition use. The base of the design solution is selection optimal conception of suspension which influence external design of the frame. General benefit of this concept is utilizing specific properties of carbon composite for design of funkcional frame parts and their technical and visual integration. Important part of this work is design of frame details: rear ends, rear shox's link and duct of the bowdens, wires and brake hydraulic housing.

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Książki na temat "Mountain bike"

Mountain bike handbook. New York: Sterling Publ. Co., 1991.

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Maddox, Jake. Mountain bike hero. Mankato, Minn: Stone Arch Books, 2011.

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Mountain bike technique. Birmingham, Ala: Menasha Ridge Press, 1997.

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Mountain bike magic. Mill Valley, Calif: Bicycle Books, 1991.

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Mountain bike repair. Birmingham, AL: Menasha Ridge Press, 1997.

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Simon, Burney, red. Mountain bike racing. San Francisco: Bicycle Books, 1991.

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Vincent, Paul. Mountain bike maintenance. London: Hamlyn, 2002.

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Simon, Burney, red. Mountain bike racing. Huddersfield: Springfield, 1992.

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Mountain bike mania. Boston, Mass: Little, Brown, 1998.

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Mountain bike maintenance. [London]: Hamlyn, 2000.

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Części książek na temat "Mountain bike"

Carmont, Michael R. "Mountain Bike : An Overview". W Sports Injuries, 1–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36801-1_217-1.

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Carmont, Michael R. "Mountain Bike Injuries: An Overview". W Sports Injuries, 2871–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_217.

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Díaz-Carrión, Isis Arlene. "Embodying gender and risk: mountain bike tourism in Mexico." W Tourism and gender-based violence: challenging inequalities, 113–27. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243215.0113.

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Husmann, Maria, Linda Di Geronimo i Moira C. Norrie. "XD-Bike: A Cross-Device Repository of Mountain Biking Routes". W Current Trends in Web Engineering, 107–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46963-8_9.

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Corves, B., J. Breuer, F. Schoeler i P. Ingenlath. "A Three-Dimensional Multibody Model of a Full Suspension Mountain Bike". W Multibody Mechatronic Systems, 133–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09858-6_13.

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Domínguez, Rodrigo, i Felipe Correa. "Risk Analysis in Mountain Bike, Using Questionnaire and Event Tree Analysis (ETA)". W Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 303–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94000-7_31.

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Buenstorf, Guido. "Designing clunkers: demand-side innovation and the early history of the mountain bike". W Change, Transformation and Development, 53–70. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2720-0_5.

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Seo, Dong-Hyok, Suk Ho Jung, Soo-Ho Park, Kwang-Sun Ryu, Hyeongsoo Kim, Dong Gyu Lee i Keun Ho Ryu. "Assessment Building a Method for Risk Model of Mountain Bike Accident Based on Classification Techniques". W Convergence and Hybrid Information Technology, 716–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24082-9_87.

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McCormack, Karen. "Becoming a Mountain Biker". W Lifestyle Sports and Identities, 9–23. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429340505-1-3.

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Tempia, Angelo, Aleksandar Subic i Riccardo M. Pagliarella. "Dynamic Characteristics of Modern Mountain Bikes Rear Linkages". W The Engineering of Sport 6, 91–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-46050-5_17.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Mountain bike"

Rahman, AHM E., i David Pugh. "Design of a Composite Mountain Bike Hydraulic Disc Brake". W ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11057.

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Abstract The primary goal of the project is to design a hydraulic disk brake system for mountain bikes made from reinforced plastics. Hydraulic brakes offer significantly better performance for a mountain bike over traditional cable rim break or cable disk break. Nevertheless, people are unable to appreciate advantage because of the price. The traditional hydraulic disk brake systems are made of aluminum alloy. With a proper design, it may be possible to create a lever assembly and a caliper that would be competitive on price and weight. Often bike parts are judged by how much they weight, the less they weight, the more they are desirable. This is only true to a certain extent because lighter parts come with a premium price tag. The current project proposed that the injection molded brakes would be lighter because of the material being used and cost-effective because the manufacturing process can be utilized. Commercial reinforced plastic composites have been identified as lighter materials compared to aluminum alloy. Through an iterative design process, the final designs of lever assembly and caliper have been achieved. The stopping force has been determined considering the abrupt stoppage with a standard weight person riding the bike. Based on the stopping force the stress analyses were obtained using FEA simulation for master cylinder, slave cylinder, and lever. At the end, the final designs were chosen based on the stress analyses and manufacturability.

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Redfield, Robin C. "Design Parameter Sensitivity for a Mountain Bike Rear Shock". W ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14761.

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As the sport of mountain biking matures, equipment continually evolves to afford better biking performance, enjoyment, and safety. In the arena of suspension systems, mountain bikes have moved from rigid suspensions with large, knobby tires to front fork suspensions, and finally full suspensions. Suspensions have gone from elastomeric compliance to air and coil springs with adjustable travel. Damping has progressed from fixed to adjustable rebound, compression, and lockout. The current trend is to add force or frequency dependent damping to minimize response of a suspension from pedal input. A bond graph model of a mountain bike rear shock is developed incorporating adjustable rebound and low-speed compression, high-speed compression, and rider controlled, compression damping initiation. An air shock with a nitrogen charge is modeled with velocity across the shock as input. The dynamic equations that come from the bond graph are simulated to predict key forces, pressures, and flow-rates. Experimental response (forces, displacements, and velocities) of the modeled shock is acquired subject to periodic velocity inputs. The experimental response is used to tune the design parameters of the model and for validation. A sensitivity analysis is then undertaken to determine how significant key design parameters are to the performance of the shock. Once validated, the model is used to better understand the physics and performance of the mountain bike shock and to relate performance to the requirements of expert mountain bikers.

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Redfield, Robin C. "Planar, Large Excursion Bond Graph Model for Full Suspension Mountain Biking". W ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81334.

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A bond graph model of a fully suspended mountain bike and non-seated rider is created to develop predictions for the performance of mountain bikes during large excursion maneuvers such as drops, jumps, crashes, and rough terrain riding. The model assumes planar dynamics, a single pivot full suspension bicycle, and a rigid-body rider suspended from the bicycle. The main frame, front fork, rear triangle, two wheels, and rider are modeled as separate bodies interconnected at the main pivot, telescoping fork, pedals, handlebars, and axles. Suspensions are between the main frame and front fork, main frame and rear triangle, handlebars and rider (arms) and pedals and rider (legs). An algorithm is used to allow tracking of a virtual tire-ground contact point for events that separate the wheels from the ground. Significant excursions of motion are allowed to model major slope changes, separations from the ground, and large rotational events (endos). The bond graph approach allows kinematics to drive the significant dynamic interactions with the effort (force and torque) relationships being derived for “free”. Simulations of a ground profile with a rise followed by a steep drop are performed for various initial conditions to qualitatively validate the predictions of the model. Rider strategies for negotiating the drop are examined in the process. Overarching goals of the research are to examine and understand the dynamics and control of interactions between a cyclist and mountain bike. Specific, longer term, goals are to understand the improvement in performance afforded by an experienced rider, to hypothesize human control algorithms that allow riders to perform maneuvers well and safely, to predict structural bike and body forces from these maneuvers, and to quantify performance differences between hard-tail and various full suspension bicycles.

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Pierce, R. Scott, Caleb Whitener i Sudhir Kaul. "Semi-Active Damping for Off-Road Bicycle Suspension: An Experimental Study". W ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85400.

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This paper presents experimental results from the testing of a semi-active damping system in an off-road bicycle (bike). Magnetorheological dampers are being increasingly used in automotive applications to enhance damping capability of a suspension system or to mitigate the trade-off between ride comfort and handling. A magnetorheological (MR) damper requires a relatively low amount of energy to control damping characteristics, and behaves as a passive damper in the absence of any power input. This study investigates the use of a semi-active magnetorheological damper for the rear suspension of a mountain bike. The performance of this damper has been compared to the current shock absorber on the bike. All testing has been performed on a shaker table and the performance of the damper has been evaluated by comparing the input acceleration at the hub of the rear wheel to the acceleration at the seat of the bike. The main aim of this study is to investigate the viability of using an MR damper in a mountain bike suspension system. Test results indicate that the performance of the semi-active MR damper is comparable to the current shock absorber. Furthermore, the MR damper lends itself to hands-off control that will be investigated in a future study. Therefore, it can be concluded from preliminary testing that an MR damper can be used in a mountain bike to effectively control damping.

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Leonardo Saviotti Maciel Stangherlin, Lucas Victor Trindade i Claysson Bruno Santos Vimieiro. "TRANSMISSION SYSTEM DESIGN FOR A MOUNTAIN BIKE WITH 2x2 TRACTION". W IX Congresso Nacional de Engenharia Mecânica. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: ABCM Associação Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciências Mecânicas, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.20906/cps/con-2016-0190.

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Setiakarnawijaya, Yasep. "Differences between Road Bike and Mountain Bike on Decreasing Blood Sugar Level after Cycling for 30 Minutes". W International Seminar on Public Health and Education 2018 (ISPHE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isphe-18.2018.38.

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Ribeiro, Tiago, Octavian Postolache i Pedro Passos. "Performance assessment for mountain bike based on WSN and cloud technologies". W 2016 International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering (EPE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icepe.2016.7781367.

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Maciel, Luiza. "Cycling as a mode of transport for people over 30 years old on a mountainous town". W CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.2263.

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The relationship between active transportation and its role in health of population motivated the continuation of a pilot study evaluating the use of bicycles in a mountain town. The objective was to evaluate people over 30 years old, with different physical abilities, in a predefined route and check if the relief was impediment. The studied divided the riders into 2 groups: active and sedentary. It was performed a comparison of the physiological impact (heart rate, blood pressure) and a subjective perception (modified Borg's scale), ranking the degrees of difficulty during route stretches. The participants filled in a form before and after the course. Most sedentary participants, despite having greater difficulty and reaching higher heart rates on certain stretches, managed to make the trip. It suggests that the current technology of the bike allows people less physically conditioned to be able to use the bike in mountain cities.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.2263

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Martin-Gutierrez, Jorge. "Generic User Manual for Maintenance of Mountain Bike Brakes Based on Augmented Reality". W 28th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2011/0263.

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Yan Bu, Zhongxia Xiang i Tian Huang. "A multi-body model for the simulation of rider and mountain bike coupled system". W 2008 7th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcica.2008.4593169.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Mountain bike"

Fitch, Dillon, Zeyu Gao, Lucy Noble i Terry Mac. Examining the Effects of a Bike and E-Bike Lending Program on Commuting Behavior. Mineta Transportation Institute, marzec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2051.

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In 2015, Google added a new transportation demand management (TDM) program to increase bike commuting to their two main campuses in Mountain View and Sunnyvale, California. An initial survey of employees indicated that bike ownership and worry about maintenance were primary bicycling barriers. With this information, Google began a program that loaned high-quality electric-assisted and conventional bicycles for a period of six months at no cost to interested employees. This research evaluates the effectiveness of the program at changing travel behavior to the corporate campuses by using self-reported and smartphone-integrated travel data. The lending program at Google represents one of, if not the largest, employer-sponsored bike and e-bike lending program in North America with over 1,000 bikes in its inventory. Thus, the evaluation of this program is a critical first step for understanding how bike lending can influence travel behavior in North American suburban contexts.

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