Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Mosquitoes”
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Abdullahi, Jibril Muhammad, Musa M. Dogara, Kamoru A. Adeniyi, Joshua B. Balogun, Hassan, M. Ibrahim i Abduljalil, I. Idris. "Assessment of Indoor and Outdoor Resting Adult Female Mosquitoes Density Exhibiting Vectorial Portent, Insight from Kano State, Nigeria". Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA 2, nr 2 (21.06.2024): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/sajols-2024-0202-08.
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Mosquito proliferation has been on the increase in most communities of Kano State, leading to a high rate of mosquito-borne diseases, pregnant women, and infant mortality. Mosquitoes spend the daytime resting in human dwellings, frequent survey of these mosquitoes is needed in vector control for breaking disease transmission. Despite this, data on mosquitos’ density are frequently missing. In this study, we have collected and identified all samples of indoor and outdoor resting mosquito species to assess female density. A longitudinal survey was carried out in three different sentinel sites (Darmanawa, Wudil, and Baba Ruga) for the period of 6 months (August 2023 to March 2024). Indoor mosquitoes were collected using the pyrethrum spray Method, while the outdoor mosquitoes were collected using a cardboard box. The knockdown mosquitoes were transported to the laboratory for identification, using a digital LCD microscope to gender and species level with the aid of different taxonomic guides. A total of one thousand and five (1005) female mosquitoes belonging to 5 genera and 21 species were caught. The result showed a significant influence (p < 0.05) of species, months, resting behavior, and season on the density of adult female mosquitoes while collection sites do not influence adult female mosquitoes (p > 0.05). We concluded that adult female mosquitos’ density is affected by species, months of the year, resting behavior, and season, as well as the high density of An. gambiae and Cx. quinnquefasciatus recorded is a bio-portent of malaria and filariasis spotlight in these communities.
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Atokolo, William, i Godwin Mbah Christopher Ezike. "Modeling the Control of Zika Virus Vector Population Using the Sterile Insect Technology". Journal of Applied Mathematics 2020 (18.09.2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6350134.
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This work is aimed at formulating a mathematical model for the control of mosquito population using sterile insect technology (SIT). SIT is an environmental friendly method, which depends on the release of sterile male mosquitoes that compete with wild male mosquitoes and mate with wild female mosquitoes, which leads to the production of no offspring. The basic offspring number of the mosquitoes’ population was computed, after which we investigated the existence of two equilibrium points of the model. When the basic offspring number of the model M0, is less than or equal to 1, a mosquito extinction equilibrium point E2, which is often biologically unattainable, was shown to exits. On the other hand, if M0>1, we have the nonnegative equilibrium point E1 which is shown to be both locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever M0>1. Local sensitivity analysis was then performed to know the parameters that should be targeted by control intervention strategies and result shows that female mating probability to be with the sterile male mosquitoes ρS, mating rate of the sterile mosquito β2, and natural death rates of both aquatic and female mosquitoesμA+μF have greater impacts on the reduction and elimination of mosquitoes from a population. Simulation of the model shows that enough release of sterile male mosquitoes into the population of the wild mosquitoes controls the mosquito population and as such can reduce the spread of mosquito borne disease such as Zika.
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Ramos-Nino, Maria E., Gregory Anash, Daniel M. Fitzpatrick, Julie A. Dragon i Sonia Cheetham. "Antiviral RNAi Mechanisms to Arboviruses in Mosquitoes: microRNA Profile of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus from Grenada, West Indies". Applied Microbiology 2, nr 2 (15.06.2022): 381–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol2020029.
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Mosquito-borne arboviruses, such as dengue virus, West Nile virus, Zika virus and yellow fever virus, impose a tremendous cost on the health of populations around the world. As a result, much effort has gone into the study of the impact of these viruses on human infections. Comparatively less effort, however, has been made to study the way these viruses interact with mosquitoes themselves. As ingested arboviruses infect their midgut and subsequently other tissue, the mosquito mounts a multifaceted innate immune response. RNA interference, the central intracellular antiviral defense mechanism in mosquitoes and other invertebrates can be induced and modulated through outside triggers (small RNAs) and treatments (transgenesis or viral-vector delivery). Accordingly, modulation of this facet of the mosquito’s immune system would thereby suggest a practical strategy for vector control. However, this requires a detailed understanding of mosquitoes’ endogenous small RNAs and their effects on the mosquito and viral proliferation. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the mosquito’s immune system along with novel data describing miRNA profiles for Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasiatus in Grenada, West Indies.
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Nur, Jasmin, Bilkis Sultana, Mohammad Hefzur Rahman i Mohammad Moniruzzaman. "Detection of Vector Mosquito of Filariasis in the Endemic Areas of Bangladesh". European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, nr 3 (24.06.2021): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.3.881.
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Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF), a mosquito born tropical parasitic disease, caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is not only a health but also a socio-economic problem in Bangladesh. Culex quinquefasciatus is the confirmed filarial vector in Bangladesh, so by controlling of this vector population, we can prevent this disease. To control this vector and decrease incidence of filariasis, we need to know studied mosquito’s sample in endemic areas.
Aim and objectives: Aim of this study was to see mosquito population in search of vector species in the endemic zones of malaria and filarial. Then we confirmed presence of vector species at molecular level by species specific DNA fingerprinting.
Methods: This cross-sectional entomological study was carried out in Hobiganj (Shatchori tea garden) and Moulvibazar district (Patrokhola and Madonmohonpur tea gardens). Mosquito was collected by paper cup with net, aspirator and torch light and vector mosquitoes were identified with stereoscopic microscope. After identification of the mosquitoes, these were stored in laboratory for analysis of the density of the vector mosquitoes in the endemic areas. Then the vector mosquitoes were identified through molecular method named Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Result: 1427 female mosquitoes belonging to 28 species under 5 genera were collected from three tea gardens. Culex quinquefasciatus which is the confirmed filarial vector in Bangladesh was found high in number (20.74%) out of the total collected mosquitoes. Other mosquito’s species were found in various ratios. Then Culex quinquefasciatus vector was identified by PCR.
Conclusion: As vector mosquitoes of LF are available in these tea gardens, the study concludes that these areas are highly LF endemic areas of Bangladesh. Through molecular method, the vector of LF can be identified certainly. As we identify the vector mosquito, thus we can prevent this LF disease at very early stage. So, these findings will be very beneficial and cost effective for a developing country like Bangladesh.
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Nurwidayati, Anis, Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning Astuti, Hari Purwanto, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito i Yuyun Srikandi. "Cladogram construction of mosquitos based on morphological characteristics". BIO Web of Conferences 94 (2024): 04016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20249404016.
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The mosquito identification process is very important regarding their role as vectors in many arthropod-borne diseases. The mosquito's identification based on morphological characteristics is very complex. The constraint in the identification process is the unavailability of adequate human resources. This article presents an effort to identify mosquitoes more easily based on the specific characteristics of each taxon. The aim of making a cladogram is to make it easier to identify mosquitoes in family, genus, and species taxa, especially in the genus Anopheles. Cladograms were constructed based on morphological characters on wings and their pale scale pattern, scutellum, proboscis, and palpi. The study revealed that based on morphological characters, four cladograms were constructed based on the number of wings, the number of pale scales four or more, and also less than three pale scales, that were for Genus Anopheles, Subgenus Anopheles, and two cladograms for Subgenus Cellia. The specific morphological characters in mosquitos can be used to construct the cladogram for easier identification.
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Lahondère, Chloé, Clément Vinauger, Ryo P. Okubo, Gabriella H. Wolff, Jeremy K. Chan, Omar S. Akbari i Jeffrey A. Riffell. "The olfactory basis of orchid pollination by mosquitoes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, nr 1 (23.12.2019): 708–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910589117.
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Mosquitoes are important vectors of disease and require sources of carbohydrates for reproduction and survival. Unlike host-related behaviors of mosquitoes, comparatively less is understood about the mechanisms involved in nectar-feeding decisions, or how this sensory information is processed in the mosquito brain. Here we show thatAedesspp. mosquitoes, includingAedes aegypti, are effective pollinators of thePlatanthera obtusataorchid, and demonstrate this mutualism is mediated by the orchid’s scent and the balance of excitation and inhibition in the mosquito’s antennal lobe (AL). TheP. obtusataorchid emits an attractive, nonanal-rich scent, whereas relatedPlatantheraspecies—not visited by mosquitoes—emit scents dominated by lilac aldehyde. Calcium imaging experiments in the mosquito AL revealed that nonanal and lilac aldehyde each respectively activate the LC2 and AM2 glomerulus, and remarkably, the AM2 glomerulus is also sensitive to N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), a mosquito repellent. Lateral inhibition between these 2 glomeruli reflects the level of attraction to the orchid scents. Whereas the enriched nonanal scent ofP. obtusataactivates the LC2 and suppresses AM2, the high level of lilac aldehyde in the other orchid scents inverts this pattern of glomerular activity, and behavioral attraction is lost. These results demonstrate the ecological importance of mosquitoes beyond operating as disease vectors and open the door toward understanding the neural basis of mosquito nectar-seeking behaviors.
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Yang, Cihan, Fei Wang, Doudou Huang, Haixia Ma, Lu Zhao, Guilin Zhang, Hailong Li i in. "Vector competence and immune response of Aedes aegypti for Ebinur Lake virus, a newly classified mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, nr 7 (18.07.2022): e0010642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010642.
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The global impact of mosquito-borne diseases has increased significantly over recent decades. Ebinur Lake virus (EBIV), a newly classified orthobunyavirus, is reported to be highly pathogenic in adult mice. The evaluation of vector competence is essential for predicting the arbovirus transmission risk. Here, Aedes aegypti was applied to evaluate EBIV infection and dissemination in mosquitos. Our experiments indicated that Ae. aegypti had the possibility to spread EBIV (with a transmission rate of up to 11.8% at 14 days post-infection) through biting, with the highest viral dose in a single mosquito’s saliva reaching 6.3 plaque-forming units. The highest infection, dissemination and ovary infection rates were 70%, 42.9%, and 29.4%, respectively. The high viral infection rates in Ae. aegypti ovaries imply the possibility of EBIV vertical transmission. Ae. aegypti was highly susceptible to intrathoracic infection and the saliva-positive rate reached 90% at 10 days post-infection. Transcriptomic analysis revealed Toll and Imd signaling pathways were implicated in the mosquito’s defensive response to EBIV infection. Defensin C and chitinase 10 were continuously downregulated in mosquitoes infected via intrathoracic inoculation of EBIV. Comprehensive analysis of the vector competence of Ae. aegypti for EBIV in laboratory has indicated the potential risk of EBIV transmission through mosquitoes. Moreover, our findings support a complex interplay between EBIV and the immune system of mosquito, which could affect its vector competence.
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Husin, Hasan. "ANALISIS KEPADATAN NYAMUK MENGGUNAKAN LIGHT TRAP PADA KEJADIAN MALARIA". JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN 10, nr 2 (15.11.2018): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33088/jmk.v10i2.331.
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Light Trap is a mosquito catcher by using light to trap mosquito into a research container. The study objective was to find out the relationship between the density of anopheles mosquitoes with malaria incidence in Taba Lagan Village, Central Bengkulu. This research is quasi-experiment with quantitative approach. The population of this study was all of mosquitos breeding place data and all of patients data who got treatment at community health centre of Tabalagan. Samples of the study were selected by using proportional random sampling. The results showed that the density of mosquitoes about 127 in cowshed which had some characteristics such as bigger size than another mosquito and they used to come out about 06.00 to 10.00 PM. There were 96 medium-sized mosquitoes at rubber plantation which had activity around 05.00 AM. While there were 38 small-sized mosquitoes which are living around cluster residents environment and usually bit human about 06.00 to 09.00 PM. In concluding, the largest number of anopheles mosquitoes was in cowshed (0.118%) with malaria cases of 6 people and who are living about 10 to 20 meters nearby cowshed.
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Saputra, Dian, Fauziah Rahmawati, Devia Khoirun Nisa i Astried Hanggana Putri. "Mosquito Trap In The Laboratory Of FMIPA UNY'S Biological Garden To Reduce Mosquito Disorders". Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat MIPA dan Pendidikan MIPA 3, nr 2 (1.10.2019): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpmmp.v3i2.25286.
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Mosquitoes are animals that are very often found in everyday life. Starting from the home environment, to the school environment. Mosquitoes are also animals that can carry various diseases. The FMIPA UNY Biology Garden Laboratory is overgrown with trees and there is a pool of water from several ponds that are deliberately made. That is what makes mosquitoes like the environment that is included in their habitat. At the UNY Biology Garden Laboratory, which is one of the student learning locations, mosquitoes are found flying and sometimes disrupting learning activities because they can stab and cause itching. The disturbance is feared to cause mosquito-borne diseases in students who are active in biology gardens. So that mosquito traps are made that are modified and adapted to the needs and location of the target. The tool made is a simple mosquito trap that utilizes a pool of water from a fish pond and a net from mesh or paranet cloth. The target place is the FMIPA UNY Biology Garden Laboratory, especially the pool area. While the target is the larvae or seeds of mosquitoes left by the mother. It is expected that the mosquitoes will perch on the paranet to lay eggs, then the eggs will fall down and will be eaten by fish. This is in addition to reducing the growth of mosquitoes, it can also be used for alternative food for fish, which can reduce spending to buy fish feed. Key words: mosquitos, trap
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Madhav, Mukund, Kim R. Blasdell, Brendan Trewin, Prasad N. Paradkar i Adam J. López-Denman. "Culex-Transmitted Diseases: Mechanisms, Impact, and Future Control Strategies using Wolbachia". Viruses 16, nr 7 (15.07.2024): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16071134.
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Mosquitoes of the Culex genus are responsible for a large burden of zoonotic virus transmission globally. Collectively, they play a significant role in the transmission of medically significant diseases such as Japanese encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Climate change, global trade, habitat transformation and increased urbanisation are leading to the establishment of Culex mosquitoes in new geographical regions. These novel mosquito incursions are intensifying concerns about the emergence of Culex-transmitted diseases and outbreaks in previously unaffected areas. New mosquito control methods are currently being developed and deployed globally. Understanding the complex interaction between pathogens and mosquitoes is essential for developing new control strategies for Culex species mosquitoes. This article reviews the role of Culex mosquitos as vectors of zoonotic disease, discussing the transmission of viruses across different species, and the potential use of Wolbachia technologies to control disease spread. By leveraging the insights gained from recent successful field trials of Wolbachia against Aedes-borne diseases, we comprehensively discuss the feasibility of using this technique to control Culex mosquitoes and the potential for the development of next generational Wolbachia-based control methods.
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Knecht, Heidi, Stephanie Richards, Jo Balanay i Avian White. "Impact of Mosquito Age and Insecticide Exposure on Susceptibility of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Infection with Zika Virus". Pathogens 7, nr 3 (12.08.2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens7030067.
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Zika virus (ZIKV) is primarily transmitted to humans by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Vector–virus interactions influencing vector competence vary and depend on biological and environmental factors. A mosquito’s chronological age may impact its immune response against virus infection. Insecticides, source reduction, and/or public education are currently the best defense against mosquitoes that transmit ZIKV. This study assessed the effects of a mosquito’s chronological age at time of infection on its response to ZIKV infection. We exposed young (6–7 d post-emergence) and old (11–12 d post-emergence) Ae. albopictus to a sublethal dose of bifenthrin prior to oral exposure to blood meals containing ZIKV (7-day incubation period). Old mosquitoes experienced a significantly (p < 0.01) higher rate of mortality than young mosquitoes. Significantly higher ZIKV body titers (p < 0.01) were observed in the old control group compared to the young control group. Significantly higher (p < 0.01) ZIKV dissemination rates and leg titers (p < 0.01) were observed in old bifenthrin-exposed mosquitoes compared to old control mosquitoes or young bifenthrin-exposed or control mosquitoes. Hence, bifenthrin exposure may increase the potential for virus transmission; however, the degree of these impacts varies with mosquito age. Impacts of insecticides should be considered in risk assessments of potential vector populations.
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Rettob, Thesia Megi Kurniawati, Edieli Zebua, Ilham Saputra Butar-butar, Febiola Gabriela Tular i Yermia S. Mokosuli. "The Utilization Of Beehive Wax a Combination of Nutmeg Extract (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) and Langsat (Lansium domesticum L.) as Aromatherapy and Mosquito Repellent". Jurnal Biologi Tropis 21, nr 3 (23.09.2021): 845–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v21i3.2938.
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Mosquitoes often being the vector of some diseases, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever. To prevent these diseases vectored by mosquitoes, we could use mosquito repellent. But based on some research, these mosquito repellents on the market contain some dangerous chemicals, for example, Dichlorvos, Porpoxure, and synthetic pyrethroid. These kinds of chemicals can cause some side effects that are not good for health, ranging from headaches, nausea, to cancer and organ dysfunction. Therefore, it is necessary to have a mosquito repellent that is safer for health with minimal side effects. This research is an experimental type of research that aimed to determine the effectiveness of anti-mosquito in the form of an aromatherapy candle made of the beehive with the consistency of pala pulp extract and langsat seed extract. Pala pulp extract and langsat seed extract were obtained from the maceration method and then processed by Rotary Evaporator.ÃÂ The concentrations used are Pala pulp extract: langsat seed extract. I: 0,5gr:0,25gr, II: 5gr:2,5gr. Both of the concentrations will be blend into 200gr of solid candle that will be melt. A test was made on some adult mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are being bred. The mosquitoes were placed on a cage that had been build by the researchers first. The measurement scale on this research is the mortality rate of the mosquitoes counted from the second we light up the anti-mosquito aromatherapy candle. There are two types of data analysis on this research, includes the anti-mosquito test and organoleptic test. The first concentration test's result shows that there is a very minimal effect on the mosquitoes. when the test was run, there were five adult mosquitoes inside the cage, an observation was done for 10 minutes counted from the time the candle was lit up. At the first 2 minutes 10 seconds, there is 1 mosquito that died, and the rest of the time for 10 minutes there was no other ÃÂ mosquito died. The second concentration test's result shows a really big impact on the mortality rate of the mosquito. There were seven adult mosquitoes inside the cage when the test was run. And for 10 minutes, 6 mosquitos died. This means that the second concentration was the most effective amount of the concentration to apply on the candle. Hopefully, the result of this research could be useful for society in terms of environment-friendly anti- mosquito usage.
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Pike, Andrew, Yuemei Dong, Nahid Borhani Dizaji, Anthony Gacita, Emmanuel F. Mongodin i George Dimopoulos. "Changes in the microbiota cause genetically modified Anopheles to spread in a population". Science 357, nr 6358 (28.09.2017): 1396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aak9691.
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The mosquito’s innate immune system controls both Plasmodium and bacterial infections. We investigated the competitiveness of mosquitoes genetically modified to alter expression of their own anti-Plasmodium immune genes in a mixed-cage population with wild-type mosquitoes. We observed that genetically modified mosquitoes with increased immune activity in the midgut tissue did not have an observed fitness disadvantage and showed reduced microbial loads in both the midgut and reproductive organs. These changes result in a mating preference of genetically modified males for wild-type females, whereas wild-type males prefer genetically modified females. These changes foster the spread of the genetic modification in a mosquito cage population.
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Haroona, Atif, Tayyaba Yaseen, Aqarab Husnain, Mehran Mehfooz, Muhammad Umer Umair, Muhammad Husnain Jarar, Usama Naveed i Faraz Khalid. "WATER RESOURCES HELPS İN THE EXPANSİON OF MOSQUİTOES COLONİES". Big Data In Water Resources Engineering (BDWRE) 1, nr 1 (4.02.2020): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/bdwre.01.2020.16.21.
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In Pakistan, water storage bodies are often the most plentiful and active habitats of immature stages of mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are blood feeding type of vectors that bite a particular host and suck blood. As a result, these vectors transmit disease causing agents to the host system. The most common mosquitoes borne viral diseases in Pakistan are Chicken gunya, Dengue fever, west nile and Zika fever. These diseases are common in low and poor living standard areas. Death rate increases due to more attack of these fatal diseases. Mosquitoes breeding sites are water bodies, discarded tyres, water tanks, bottles, cups and ant traps. Various environmental agents i.e. temperature fluctuations and water resources, now increase the rate of mosquitos in most areas of Pakistan. There is a lack of basic medical education and knowledge about its pervention techniques in mosquito affected areas in Pakistan. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current status of emerging mosquito borne viral diseases in Pakistan, i.e. Chicken gunya, Dengue fever, est nile and Zika fever. There is more need of prevention strategies and understanding about factors involved in spreading of mosquito borne diseases.
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Aryaprema, Vindhya S. "SEMI-FIELD EVALUATION OF ULTRA-LOW VOLUME (ULV) GROUND SPRAY OF AQUALUER ® 20-20 AGAINST IRRADIATED AEDES AEGYPTI". Journal of the Florida Mosquito Control Association 68, nr 1 (10.06.2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/jfmca.v68i1.129101.
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Sterile insect technique (SIT) using irradiated mosquitoes is an effective control method capable of being assimilated into integrated vector management (IVM) programs. Chemical control of mosquitoes using ultra-low volume (ULV) spray applications of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides is already an essential component of IVM programs. Prior to their release in nature, irradiation of mosquitoes for SIT use can significantly impact the mosquito’s biology, specifically its host-seeking and feeding behavior. Little is known about how radiation exposure might impact a mosquito’s susceptibility to pyrethroid insecticides. The present study was carried out to evaluate the influence of Aqualuer ® 20-20 ULV applications on irradiated Aedes aegypti. Caged mosquito trials indicated that both male and female irradiated Ae. aegypti were as susceptible as their non-irradiated counterparts of the same population to Aqualuer 20-20 ULV application, with the highest mean percent mortalities achieved at the first 24h post-treatment period at both 30.5 m and 61 m downwind of the spray application path.
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Reshetnikov, A. D., i A. I. Barashkova. "Species composition and ecology of blood-sucking mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) in Yakutia". Russian Journal of Parasitology 17, nr 1 (29.03.2023): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2023-17-1-19-27.
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The purpose of the research is to study the species composition and ecology of mosquitoes in Yakutia.Materials and methods. The research was performed for herd horses and cattle on pastures in Central, Western and Southern Yakutia in 2005–2021. Faunistic collections were made and the number of blood-sucking mosquito imago was recorded for animals using an entomological net with removable bags, while the average abundance rate of mosquitoes was calculated per 10 net movements in a figure-eight pattern around from 10 repetitions when studying the seasonal abundance dynamics and from 5 repetitions when studying the circadian activity rhythm.Results and discussion. In Yakutia, 15 species of blood-sucking mosquitoes of the family Culicidae were found that belong to three genera: Anopheles, Culiseta, and Aedes. Biotopes occupied by mosquito larvae of the genus Aedes include 74–126 specimens/m2. The first mosquitoes were recorded near an animal bait in the first decade of May. The mass mosquito flight period was observed from the third decade of June to the middle of the second decade of July. The total mosquitofl ight period for the season was 121–124 days. The flight of blood-sucking mosquitoes on the forest pasture continues around the clock, from the third decade of June to the middle of the second decade of July.
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Kim, Kyukwang, Jieum Hyun, Hyeongkeun Kim, Hwijoon Lim i Hyun Myung. "A Deep Learning-Based Automatic Mosquito Sensing and Control System for Urban Mosquito Habitats". Sensors 19, nr 12 (21.06.2019): 2785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19122785.
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Mosquito control is important as mosquitoes are extremely harmful pests that spread various infectious diseases. In this research, we present the preliminary results of an automated system that detects the presence of mosquitoes via image processing using multiple deep learning networks. The Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) and neural network-based regression demonstrated an accuracy of 84%. Meanwhile, the single image classifier demonstrated an accuracy of only 52%. The overall processing time also decreased from 4.64 to 2.47 s compared to the conventional classifying network. After detection, a larvicide made from toxic protein crystals of the Bacillus thuringiensis serotype israelensis bacteria was injected into static water to stop the proliferation of mosquitoes. This system demonstrates a higher efficiency than hunting adult mosquitos while avoiding damage to other insects.
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Ufuktepe, Unal. "Discrete Wolbachia Diffusion in Mosquito Populations with Allee Effects". European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 15, nr 4 (31.10.2022): 1613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v15i4.4524.
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We study stability analysis of a discrete-time dynamical system of Wolbachia diffusion in mosquito populations with Allee effects on the wild mosquito population. We analyze the competition between released mosquitoes and wild mosquitos. We show local and global stabilities of the fixed points, and type of bifurcations with respect to parameters. The results are verified by numerical simulations.
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BOËTE, C., R. E. L. PAUL i J. C. KOELLA. "Reduced efficacy of the immune melanization response in mosquitoes infected by malaria parasites". Parasitology 125, nr 2 (sierpień 2002): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182002001944.
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Although the mosquito vectors of malaria have an effective immune system capable of encapsulating many foreign particles, they rarely encapsulate malaria parasites in natural populations. A possible reason for this apparent paradox is that infection by malaria reduces the capability of the mosquito to mount an effective immune response. To investigate this possibility, we blood-fed Aedes aegypti mosquitoes on an uninfected chicken or on one infected with Plasmodium gallinaceum, and compared the proportions of the infected and uninfected mosquitoes that melanized a negatively charged Sephadex bead injected into the thorax 1, 2 and 4 days after blood-feeding. About 40% of the uninfected mosquitoes, but less than 25% of the infected ones, melanized the bead. The difference between infected and uninfected mosquitoes was most obvious 1 day after infection (at the parasite's ookinete stage), while the difference diminished during the early oocyst stage (2 days after infection) and disappeared at the later oocyst stage (4 days after infection). These results suggest that the parasite can either actively suppress its vector's immune response or that it modifies the blood of its chicken host in a way that reduces the efficacy of the mosquito's immune system. In either case, the reduction of immunocompetence can have important consequences for malaria control, in particular for the current effort being invested into the genetic manipulation of mosquitoes.
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Madeira, Sara, Rui Bernardino, Hugo Costa Osório i Fernando Boinas. "Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Fauna of a Zoological Park in an Urban Setting: Analysis of Culex pipiens s.l. and Their Biotypes". Insects 15, nr 1 (9.01.2024): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15010045.
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Mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) are important emerging diseases that affect humans and animals. Zoological parks can work as early warning systems for the occurrence of MBDs. In this study, we characterized the mosquito fauna captured inside Lisbon Zoo from May 2018 to November 2019. An average of 2.4 mosquitos per trap/night were captured. Five mosquito species potentially causing MBDs, including Culex pipiens biotypes, were found in the zoo. The sympatric occurrence of Culex pipiens biotypes represents a risk factor for the epizootic transmission of West Nile virus and Usutu virus. The mosquito occurrence followed the expected seasonality, with the maximum densities during summer months. However, mosquito activity was detected in winter months in low numbers. The minimum temperature and the relative humidity (RH) on the day of capture showed a positive effect on Culex pipiens abundance. Contrary, the RH the week before capture and the average precipitation the week of capture had a negative effect. No invasive species were identified, nor have flaviviruses been detected in the mosquitoes. The implementation of biosecurity measures regarding the hygiene of the premises and the strict control of all the animals entering the zoo can justify the low prevalence of mosquitoes and the absence of flavivirus-infected mosquitoes.
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Niang, El Hadji Amadou, Hubert Bassene, Florence Fenollar i Oleg Mediannikov. "Biological Control of Mosquito-Borne Diseases: The Potential ofWolbachia-Based Interventions in an IVM Framework". Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018 (15.11.2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1470459.
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People living in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world face an enormous health burden due to mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and filariasis. Historically and today, targeting mosquito vectors with, primarily, insecticide-based control strategies have been a key control strategy against major mosquito-borne diseases. However, the success to date of such approaches is under threat from multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms while vector control (VC) options are still limited. The situation therefore requires the development of innovative control measures against major mosquito-borne diseases. Transinfecting mosquitos with symbiotic bacteria that can compete with targeted pathogens or manipulate host biology to reduce their vectorial capacity are a promising and innovative biological control approach. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge about the association between mosquitoes andWolbachia, emphasizing the limitations of different mosquito control strategies and the use of mosquitoes’ commensal microbiota as innovative approaches to control mosquito-borne diseases.
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Sazalia, Munawir, RC Hidayat Soesilohadia, Nastiti Wijayantia i Tri Wibawa. "Aedes aegypti L. Controlling based on Lethal MosquitoTRAP Modification (LMM) in Mataram City". Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (30.04.2020): 441–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.543.
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Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a global public health problem that caused an Arbovirus. Mataram city was a high infected area in West Nusa Tenggara Province, which included six sub-districts. The objective of this study is monitoring and controling dengue virus vectors based on temporal patterns using mosquitoTRAP. This research was explanatory in the cross-section design in 102 households (indoor and outdoor) as an observation site. Based on mosquito collection in October 2018 until March 2019, the amount reached 2,396 mosquitos such as Aedes albopictus (41%) and Aedes aegypti (59%). The mosquitos collection based on observation site showed no significant difference number (P=0.863). However, the number of mosquitos in temporal pattern showed significant difference number of first, middle, and end rain season (P = 0.001). Mosquitoes population at rain season had shown an increase until March 2019. Therefore, monitoring and controlling Aedes mosquitoes is crucial for prevention of dengue hemorrhagic fever case.
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Yunicho, Yunicho, Baharuddin Sunu i Tahniar Tahniar. "Kemampuan Atraktan (Fermentasi Singkong dan Air Rendaman Udang Laut) pada Perangkap Nyamuk dalam Pengendalian Nyamuk". Lontara 1, nr 2 (7.12.2020): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53861/lontarariset.v1i2.79.
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Mosquitoes are insects that act as vectors of disease. Some of the diseases caused by mosquitoes are Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), filariasis, Malaria, Chikungunya and Encephalitis. Cases of mosquito-borne diseases are always increasing and can cause death. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of attractant (fermented cassava and sea shrimp immersion) in mosquito traps in controlling mosquitoes. The research method used a quasi-experimental method. This research was conducted in Buhung Bundang Village, Bontotiro District, Bulukumba Regency. The results showed that the addition of attractants had the ability to attract mosquitoes to land on the traps. Of the two attractants used, fermented cassava was the most preferred attractant for mosquitoes compared to shrimp immersion attractant. The number of mosquitoes caught in all mosquito traps was 62. The number of mosquitoes in the cassava fermentation attractant was 36, while the shrimp immersion attractant was 26. The conclusion of this study shows that mosquito traps with the addition of attractants from fermented cassava and sea shrimp immersion can be used in mosquito control.
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Miller, Megan R., Madeleine R. Sorensen, Erin D. Markle, Taylor C. Clarkson, Ashley L. Knight, Michelle J. Savran i Brian D. Foy. "Characterizing and Quantifying Arbovirus Transmission by Aedes aegypti Using Forced Salivation and Analysis of Bloodmeals". Insects 12, nr 4 (30.03.2021): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12040304.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Arbovirus transmission studies are dependent on the ability to estimate the titer of virus transmitted from infectious mosquitoes to a host. There are several methods for estimating virus titer in mosquito saliva, including (1) using forced salivation (FS) whereby the infectious mosquito’s proboscis is forced into a capillary tube containing media to collect and test their saliva for virus, and (2) by quantifying virus expectorated into host tissues or into the blood contained in an artificial feeder immediately after blood feeding. We studied FS and bloodmeals to estimate and compare titers of Zika virus and chikungunya virus transmitted by the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti. Infectious virus and viral genomes of both viruses were detected more often from individual mosquitoes using immersion oil for the FS media compared to fetal bovine serum (FBS) plus glycerol, but the FS media had no influence on virus quantification from positive samples. FS virus titers were equivalent when comparing individuals or groups of mosquitoes that never received a blood meal compared to those that were blood fed immediately prior, showing that blood feeding does not influence FS. This suggested that performing FS on mosquitoes after blood feeding might be an efficient way to estimate virus transmitted during blood feeding. However, detecting virus from the blood remaining in an artificial feeder post-blood feeding was mostly unsuccessful relative to quantifying virus from FS of the post-blood fed mosquitoes. In contrast, immunocompromised mice always became infected after being fed on by Zika-infected mosquitoes, even when no infectious virus was detected in their saliva by FS post-blood feed. Due to this discrepancy, we tested the ingested bloodmeals of individual mosquitoes that fed on artificial blood feeders for virus, and compared these to virus in their saliva harvested from FS and to virus in their bodies. These experiments revealed ~50–100 times higher virus titers in the dissected bloodmeals compared to those detected in the same mosquitoes’ saliva, demonstrating how mosquitoes re-ingest much of their saliva during artificial blood feeding, and highlighting a large increase in virus transmission during Aedes aegypti blood feeding. Both FS and the dissected bloodmeals of artificially blood-fed mosquitoes showed that the quantity of viral RNA expectorated by mosquitoes was 2–5 logs more than the quantity of infectious virus. The results from this study add critical information to understanding and quantifying the transmission of Aedes aegypti arboviruses.
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Rani G, Elizabeth, Surendran A i Thatheyus A.J. "Biting Behaviour of The Filarial Vector Mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say,in an Urban Area". Journal of Plant and Animal Ecology 2, nr 1 (1.05.2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2637-6075.jpae-20-3305.
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Mosquitoes depend on blood meal for the development of their eggs into offsprings. By knowing the biting behaviour of mosquitoes, we may control mosquito-borne diseases and manage the mosquitoe menace successfully. The present study has been designed to study the biting behaviour of the filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India from July to November 2006. This period was selected as mosquitoes are prevalent during this rainy season. Biting was more during September, October and November and the maximum of 28 caught/man/hour was recorded in November. It is predominantly an exophilic biter, but biting was also noticed as maximum inside the house during July in the study. The density of the biting population in the first floor was more than that of the second floor, which indicated the existence of vertical stratification in the biting behaviour of Cx quinquefasciatus.
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Pullmann-Lindsley, Heidi, Robert Mark Huff, John Boyi i Ronald Jason Pitts. "Odorant receptors for floral- and plant-derived volatiles in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)". PLOS ONE 19, nr 5 (6.05.2024): e0302496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302496.
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Adult mosquitoes require regular sugar meals, including nectar, to survive in natural habitats. Both males and females locate potential sugar sources using sensory proteins called odorant receptors (ORs) activated by plant volatiles to orient toward flowers or honeydew. The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762), possesses a large gene family of ORs, many of which are likely to detect floral odors. In this study, we have uncovered ligand-receptor pairings for a suite of Aedes aegypti ORs using a panel of environmentally relevant, plant-derived volatile chemicals and a heterologous expression system. Our results support the hypothesis that these odors mediate sensory responses to floral odors in the mosquito’s central nervous system, thereby influencing appetitive or aversive behaviors. Further, these ORs are well conserved in other mosquitoes, suggesting they function similarly in diverse species. This information can be used to assess mosquito foraging behavior and develop novel control strategies, especially those that incorporate mosquito bait-and-kill technologies.
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Amusan, Babatunde, i Sylvestre Ogbogu. "Surveillance of mosquito larvae in various microhabitats in a University Campus in Southwestern Nigeria". UNED Research Journal 12, nr 1 (20.03.2020): e2605. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/urj.v12i1.2605.
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Introduction: Mosquitoes are potentially regarded as one of the most deadly animals in the world as they are known to vector a number of vital diseases. The faunistic composition and prevalence of these mosquitoes are dependent on the characteristics of the larvae habitats. Objective: In this study we surveyed the mosquito larvae in relation to the characteristics of their various microhabitats with the aim of determining how the habitats influence the composition, abundance and distribution of the mosquito larvae on Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile - Ife campus. Methods: We did mosquito larvae sampling monthly between 07: 00 and 10:00 for six months (August, 2017 - January, 2019) using standard dipping method. The various microhabitats sampled included; ground pools, discarded containers, drainage channels and tree holes in each of the study sites. Results: We identifies seven species distributed in three genera as following; Anopheles sp. (Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles funestus); Aedes sp. (Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus); Culex sp (Culex pipiens, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex poicilipe). Culex was the dominant and most abundant genera as it accounted for 48% of the entire collection. Mosquito larvae were significantly (p<0,05) more abundant in the dry season than in the wet season. The highest abundance of mosquitoes was recorded in Akintola Hall as it accounted for 50,1% of the entire collection. Findings in this study also revealed that drainage channels in the study sites accounted for the highest abundance of mosquitos. A total of 277 ind. were collected in the various drainage channels in the study sites and this represented 45% of the entire collection while Leaking pipes and Ground pools accounted for 89 (15%) and 87 (14%) individuals respectively. We collected majority of the mosquitoes near dwellings thus suggesting that the species identified in this study have affinity for humans and their dwellings. Conclusion: We suggest that un-kept drainage channels, leakages and discarded domestic containers littered around the study sites are possible contributing factors to the enormous breeding sites available to mosquitoes. Elimination of such breeding sites can effectively mitigate the survival and prevalence of mosquitoes in the area.
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Webb, Cameron E., i Richard C. Russell. "Dispersal of the Mosquito Aedes vigilax (Diptera: Culicidae) From Urban Estuarine Wetlands in Sydney, Australia". Journal of Medical Entomology 56, nr 5 (16.05.2019): 1290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz054.
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Abstract Aedes vigilax (Skuse) is a pest and vector species associated with coastal wetlands and the abundance of this mosquito has been identified as contributing to increased risk of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks. As urban development continues to encroach on these coastal wetlands, pest and public health impacts are becoming of increasing concern and in the absence of broadscale mosquito control. Urban planners are looking to buffer zones and other land use planning options to minimize contact between mosquitoes and humans but gaps in the understanding of dispersal ranges of mosquitoes hamper the adoption of these strategies. A mark-release-recapture experiment was conducted to measure the dispersal of this mosquito from an urban estuarine wetland in Sydney, Australia. An estimated total of over 150,000 wild caught female mosquitoes were marked with fluorescent dust and then released. A network of 38 traps was then operated for 5 d within an area of 28 km2. A total of 280 marked mosquitoes was recaptured, representing less than 1% of the estimate 250,000 marked mosquitoes released. Marked mosquitoes were recaptured up to 3 km from the release point, providing an insight into the dispersal range of these mosquitoes. The mean distance traveled by marked mosquitoes was 0.83 km, a result reflecting the greater proportion of marked mosquitoes recaptured near release point. The findings of this study indicate that effective buffer zones between estuarine wetlands and high-density urban developments would be an impractical approach to minimizing pest and public health impacts associated with this mosquito.
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Brown, Jeffrey A., Kelli L. Larson, Susannah B. Lerman, Alexandreana Cocroft i Sharon J. Hall. "Resident Perceptions of Mosquito Problems Are More Influenced by Landscape Factors than Mosquito Abundance". Sustainability 13, nr 20 (19.10.2021): 11533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011533.
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Mosquitoes and the pathogens they carry are increasingly common in urban areas throughout the globe. With urban landscapes, the need to manage mosquitoes is driven by the health risks and nuisance complaints associated with mosquitoes. Controlling the number of mosquitoes may reduce the overall risk of disease transmission but may not reduce nuisance complaints. This study focuses on Maricopa County in Arizona, USA, to investigate the relationship between mosquito abundance and landscape-level and sociodemographic factors on resident perceptions of mosquitoes. We used boosted regression trees to compare how mosquito abundance, collected from Maricopa Vector Control, and landscape factors and social factors, assessed through the Phoenix Area Social Survey, influence survey respondents’ reporting of mosquitoes as a problem. Results show that the landscape and sociodemographic features play a prominent role in how individuals perceive mosquitoes as a problem; specifically, respondents’ perception of their local landscape as messy and the distance to landscape features such as wetlands have more substantial roles in shaping perceptions. This work can highlight how potential mosquito and non-mosquito-related communications and management efforts may improve residents’ satisfaction with mosquito control or other wildlife management efforts, which can help inform best practices for vector control agencies.
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Lenshin, S. V., I. V. Patraman, S. V. Alkhovsky i O. I. Vyshemirsky. "Mosquito-Borne Viral Infections in the Krasnodar Territory ~ Risks of Autochthonous Cases of the Disease". Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 20, nr 3 (20.07.2021): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-3-129-138.
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Introduction. Global climate changes affect the habitats of insects, including mosquitoes, which are carriers of dangerous natural focal infections. When mosquitos develop new territories, they create a potential threat to people who find themselves in these areas. In the Krasnodar Region, a stable population of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes was formed in the 21st century. These mosquitoes are carriers of many viral pyrrhoid-focal infections, such as Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika fever and Yellow fever. Estimations of biological, epidemiological and cultural data can help to answer the question of the probability of occurrence of autochthonous cases of infection.Aim. To estimate the probability of occurrence of autochthonous cases of viral infections carried by Ae. albopictus mosquitoes on the territory of the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar territory. For the review, we used scientific publications describing the occurrence of autochthonous diseases in similar climate zones inhabited by Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, the biology of these mosquitoes, as well as official reports of the sanitary services of Europe and the Russian Federation. A stable population of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes has formed on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory. The local climate, including the temperature range is favourable for active reproduction of vectors and autochthonous transmission of viral infection.Conclusion. Despite the favourable conditions for the release of mosquitoes and the formation of a stable population, autochthonous transmission requires the introduction of the source of infection during the viremia period to infect the mosquito population. In recent years, isolated cases of such drifts have been reported in the Krasnodar Territory, which indicates a low probability of local cases of transmission. However, with the development of the tourism sector, the flow of tourists from endemic areas will inevitably increase. In addition, the increase in the well-being of the population, trips to these countries will become more frequent this may well increase the risk of transmission of viral infections by local mosquitoes. In any case, the weakening of epidemic control of mosquitoes and medical surveillance of imported cases of tropical fevers will have serious consequences.
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Podung, Albert J. "Survei Populasi Nyamuk dalam Kandang Babi di Kelurahan Walian Kota Tomohon Sulawesi Utara". Jurnal MIPA 8, nr 3 (31.10.2019): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jmuo.8.3.2019.26203.
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Nyamuk adalah salah satu jenis ektoparasit yang sering dijumpai dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan kulit, penurunan produktivitas, dan penularan media penyakit. Studi nyamuk di kandang babi Kota Tomohon dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan keragaman dan kepadatan populasi dan waktu aktivitas nyamuk (Culicidae) di kandang babi. Metode pengamatan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengumpulkan nyamuk setiap 2 (dua) jam dengan menggunakan Light Trap yang ditempatkan di setiap kandang mulai pukul 18.00-06.00. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman nyamuk ditemukan dalam 3 genera, yaitu Culex, Anopheles, dan Armigeres. Kepadatan populasi nyamuk berhasil tertangkap 546 individu nyamuk yang terdiri dari Culex 356, Anopheles 182, dan Armigeres 8. Penelitian ini juga mendapatkan bahwa Culex memiliki kelimpahan genus nyamuk tertinggi. Ditemukan bahwa kelimpahan tertinggi 225 (63%) dari Culex pada jam 22.00-24.00. Waktu aktivitas nyamuk tertinggi diperoleh dari data jumlah tangkapan nyamuk terbanyakMosquitoes are one type of ectoparasites that are often encountered and can cause skin damage, decreased productivity, and transmission of disease media. The study of mosquitoes in the pig barns of Tomohon City was carried out with the aim to determine the diversity and population density and the time of mosquito activity (Culicidae) in the pig barns. The observation method by collecting mosquito every 2 (two) hours at the Light Trap placed in each cage starting at 18.00-06.00 is used in this study. The results of the study showed that the mosquitoe diversity were found in 3 genera, namely Culex, Anopheles, and Armigeres. The population density of mosquito barn was found 546 individuals of mosquitoes consisting of Culex 356, Anopheles 182, and Armigeres 8. This research also indicates that Culex have highest abundance of mosquitoes genera. It was found that the highest abundance 225 (63%) of Culex at 22.00-24.00. The highest activity time of mosquitoes obtained from the data of the highest number of mosquito catches
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Maloha, Maas M., i Kanti Ratnaningrum. "Anopheles Mosquito Species in Betung Bedarah, Tebo Regency, Jambi Province". MAGNA MEDICA Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 8, nr 1 (1.02.2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/magnamed.8.1.2021.35-39.
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Background: Indonesia is a tropical country which is a good breeding ground for mosquitoes. Mosquitoes are still one of arthropods that contribute to occurrence of infectious diseases, including malaria, which is a disease that is a health problem in Jambi Province.Objective: To determine types of Anopheles mosquito spesies in Betung Bedarah Tebo, Jambi.Methods: A discriptif study to identifed distribution of mosquitoes in Betung Bedarah, Tebo Regency used human landing collection and resting collection methods. Collection of mosquito samples used an aspirator and light trap. Analysis used tabulation.Results: Of the 64 mosquitoes collected, 25% were Anopheles mosquitoes which consisted of 43.7% Anopheles barbirostris, 25% Anopheles vagus, 18.7% Anopheles aconitus, and 12.6% Anopheles kochi.Conclusion: Most of mosquito species collected at Betung Berdarah Tebo were Anopheles barbirostris.
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Sumanto, Didik. "Bed-nets Hour Density after a Usage of Three Years of Long-lasting Insecticide-treated Nets in Malaria re-elimination Areas in Ngadirejo Village, Purworejo District, Indonesia". Journal of Communicable Diseases 55, nr 01 (4.05.2023): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202302.
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Background: Malaria, caused by the genus Plasmodium, is still a global health problem. Its transmission and spread are strongly influenced by the presence of the Anopheles vector. One of the efforts to reduce cases is the distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets to the residents of malaria-endemic areas. This study aims to measure the density of mosquitoes perched on insecticide-treated bed nets after three years of usage. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to observe mosquitoes perching on insecticide-treated bed nets at night and calculation of mosquito density data in units of mosquitoes/LLINs/hour. Results: The number of mosquito bites before bedtime in respondents reached 72.5%, while the number of bed nets infested with mosquitoes reached 74.4%. The density of mosquitoes perched varied between 1 and 10 mosquitoes/LLINs/hour with the highest density proportion of 3 mosquitoes/LLINs/hour. Conclusion: LLINs that have been used for three years were found to be less effective at killing and preventing mosquitoes. It is advisable to re-dip with the insecticide doses to match the local vector susceptibility level by officer assistance so that the mosquito nets still function properly
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Gee, Kathy DeBusk, Kaitlyn Dobyns, Kyrsten Gage, Mitch Woodward, William Hunt, Shawn Kennedy i David Lehr. "Evaluating the Occurrence and Relative Abundance of Mosquitoes in Rainwater Harvesting Systems". Journal of the ASABE 65, nr 6 (2022): 1475–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.15189.
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Highlights Rainwater harvesting systems can harbor mosquitoes and their larvae. Approximately half of sampled systems were found to contain mosquito larvae. Mosquitoes were more abundant in systems with unscreened openings and multiple inlet filters. Frequent maintenance and eliminating unscreened openings minimize mosquito presence. Abstract. Mosquitoes are associated with the spread of diseases such as the Zika and West Nile viruses. Government and health officials recommend the elimination of standing water to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes that transmit these viruses. Previous research has shown that rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems in high-rainfall regions tend to be underutilized, thereby creating a source of standing water that could potentially harbor mosquitoes and their larvae. As RWH is an important tool for conserving potable water and mitigating stormwater runoff, it is imperative to determine if these systems are contributing to the proliferation of mosquitoes and, if they are, to identify measures to prevent this. The prevalence and relative abundance of mosquitoes were investigated in 64 RWH cisterns throughout Virginia and North Carolina. Mosquito larvae captured during sampling were identified morphologically to genus and species. Of the 64 systems sampled, 47% contained mosquitoes; the predominant species found was Aedes albopictus, a potential carrier of Eastern Equine Encephalitis, LaCrosse Encephalitis, West Nile virus, and Zika virus. Systems with multiple inlet filters, unscreened storage tank openings, and/or heavy foliage in the immediate vicinity were most likely to contain mosquito larvae. Study results indicate that frequent maintenance, the elimination of unscreened tank openings, and the eradication of sources of standing water in the area surrounding a system greatly reduce the likelihood of mosquitoes proliferating in rainwater harvesting systems. Keywords: Container breeding, Mosquito, Mosquito larvae, Rainwater harvesting.
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Ribeiro, Mário Sérgio, Tania Ayllón, Viviana Malirat, Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara, Cristina Maria Giordano Dias, Guilherme Louzada, Davis Fernandes-Ferreira, Roberto de Andrade Medronho i Renata Campos Acevedo. "High Prevalence of a Newly Discovered Wutai Mosquito Phasivirus in Mosquitoes from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil". Insects 10, nr 5 (7.05.2019): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10050135.
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Many RNA viruses have recently emerged, threatening humans and causing harm to animals and plants. Bunyaviruses represent one of the largest groups of RNA viruses and are able to infect a wide range of hosts (invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants). Recently, new insect-specific viruses have been isolated from mosquitoes and phlebotomine sandflies worldwide. Little is known regarding the impact of these viruses on the vector life cycles and the stages of oviposition, breeding, blood feeding, and the mosquito’s lifespan. This study describes, for the first time in South America, the detection and characterization of a recently discovered bunyavirus corresponding to the Wutai mosquito phasivirus, confirming its high prevalence in the Culex spp. and Aedes spp. mosquitoes collected in the urban environment of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil. The knowledge of the mosquito’s insect-specific virus infection can improve virus evolution studies and may contribute to the understanding of intrinsic factors that influence vector competence to transmit pathogenic viruses.
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Cheng, Lie, Wei-Liang Liu, Hsing-Han Li, Matthew P. Su, Shih-Cheng Wu, Hsin-Wei Chen, Chao-Ying Pan, Jih-Jin Tsai i Chun-Hong Chen. "Releasing Intracellular NS1 from Mosquito Cells for the Detection of Dengue Virus-Infected Mosquitoes". Viruses 12, nr 10 (29.09.2020): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101105.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Dengue virus (DENV), the pathogen that causes dengue fever, is mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Surveillance of infected mosquitoes is a major component of integrated mosquito control methods for reducing the risk of vector-born disease outbreaks. However, a specialized rapid test for DENV detection in mosquitoes is not currently available. Utilizing immunoblotting, we found that the secretion of NS1 from both a DENV-infected mosquito cell line and mosquito bodies was below the detection threshold. However, when Triton X-100 was used to lyse infected mosquitoes, intracellular NS1 was released, and could then be effectively detected by the NS1 rapid test. The distribution of DENV NS1 in intrathoracically infected mosquitoes was different from that of orally infected mosquitoes. Next, we performed sensitivity tests by bisecting mosquitoes longitudinally; one half of each mosquito was subjected to the NS1 rapid test while the other half was used for qPCR confirmation. This modified test had a sensitivity of nearly 90% from five days post-infection onwards, while DENV had escaped from the midgut barrier. This adapted test offers a valuable, easy-to-use tool for mosquito surveillance, which is a crucial component of DENV disease control.
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He, Jiman. "Pathogens Enter Mosquito’s Salivary Glands through the Existing Lesions in their Organs: A Potential Transmission Mechanism for Infectious Diseases". Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases 13, nr 3 (10.06.2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrid/2023/v13i3269.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Whether pathogens in the ingested blood meal can enter the salivary glands of mosquitoes is a decisive factor in disease transmission. Unlike the known mosquito-borne pathogens (e.g. ZIKA, dengue, etc.), most human pathogens cannot enter the salivary glands of mosquitoes, and their survival time inside mosquito is usually short. Studies have reported that some mosquito species infected with certain mosquito-borne pathogens developed lesions in organs (e.g. holes in the midgut). Therefore, some of the pathogens which cannot enter the salivary glands of mosquitoes on their own (PWCESGMTO) may quickly enter using the existing lesions in the organs. This highly plausible issue has been neglected in research, and may involve the transmission of many infectious diseases. Since PWCESGMTOes can usually survive inside mosquitoes for only short period, successful transmission occurs only if mosquitoes bite a non-infected person before the ingested pathogens die. Therefore, the infected people should usually be in close proximity. The present paper discusses the neglected issue and the puzzling correlation between mosquitoes and three example diseases, and calls for urgent research into the issue.
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Novelo, Mario, Heverton LC Dutra, Hillery C. Metz, Matthew J. Jones, Leah T. Sigle, Francesca D. Frentiu, Scott L. Allen, Stephen F. Chenoweth i Elizabeth A. McGraw. "Dengue and chikungunya virus loads in the mosquito Aedes aegypti are determined by distinct genetic architectures". PLOS Pathogens 19, nr 4 (12.04.2023): e1011307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011307.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of the arboviruses dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV). These viruses exhibit key differences in their vector interactions, the latter moving more quicky through the mosquito and triggering fewer standard antiviral pathways. As the global footprint of CHIKV continues to expand, we seek to better understand the mosquito’s natural response to CHIKV—both to compare it to DENV:vector coevolutionary history and to identify potential targets in the mosquito for genetic modification. We used a modified full-sibling design to estimate the contribution of mosquito genetic variation to viral loads of both DENV and CHIKV. Heritabilities were significant, but higher for DENV (40%) than CHIKV (18%). Interestingly, there was no genetic correlation between DENV and CHIKV loads between siblings. These data suggest Ae. aegypti mosquitoes respond to the two viruses using distinct genetic mechanisms. We also examined genome-wide patterns of gene expression between High and Low CHIKV families representing the phenotypic extremes of viral load. Using RNAseq, we identified only two loci that consistently differentiated High and Low families: a long non-coding RNA that has been identified in mosquito screens post-infection and a distant member of a family of Salivary Gland Specific (SGS) genes. Interestingly, the latter gene is also associated with horizontal gene transfer between mosquitoes and the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. This work is the first to link the SGS gene to a mosquito phenotype. Understanding the molecular details of how this gene contributes to viral control in mosquitoes may, therefore, also shed light on its role in Wolbachia.
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Riandi, Muhammad Umar, Tri Wahono, Mara Ipa, Joni Hendri i Subangkit Subangkit. "Keragaman Spesies Vektor Japanese encephalitis di Sekitar Kandang Babi Kabupaten Tangerang". ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies 12, nr 1 (29.06.2020): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/asp.v12i1.2765.
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Abstract. Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease that has pigs as the amplifying host. It is important to study the diversity of mosquito species around pig populations to determine the potential of Japanese encephalitis vectors in the region. This study is a cross-sectional study with a single sampling method for adult mosquitoes around pigpen in Tangerang Regency. The capture of adult mosquitoes is carried out by the outdoor resting mosquitoes collection at 18:00 - 24:00 using aspirators and light traps. Female mosquitoes were identified and subsequently tested RT-PCR for JEV. Catching results obtained 223 mosquitoes from the genus Culex, Armigeres, Aedes, Anopheles, and Mansonia with a total of 10 species. Species diversity in the pigpen area is classified as moderate (H = 1.0875 – 1.292) with Culex vishnui and Culex quinquefasciatus as the most abundant species. RT-PCR test found there’s no mosquito’s samples with positive JE RNA virus. Several species of mosquitoes found around pigpens in Tangerang District have the potential to become JEV vectors, so that control to the mosquito abundance and health of pigs is needed as a preventative measure.
Keywords: Diversity, Japanese encephalitis, pig, vector
Abstrak. Japanese encephalitis merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk dan babi sebagai inang penguat. Studi keanekaragaman jenis nyamuk di sekitar populasi babi penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi vektor Japanese encephalitis pada wilayah tersebut. Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang dengan metode sampling tunggal terhadap nyamuk dewasa sekitar kandang babi di Kabupaten Tangerang. Penangkapan nyamuk dewasa dilakukan dengan metode koleksi outdoor resting pada malam hari pukul 18.00 – 24.00 menggunakan aspirator dan perangkap cahaya. Nyamuk betina diidentifikasi dan selanjutnya diuji RT-PCR virus JE. Hasil penangkapan didapatkan 700 ekor nyamuk dari genus Culex, Armigeres, Aedes, Anopheles, dan Mansonia dengan total 10 spesies. Keanekaragaman spesies pada seluruh wilayah penelitian tergolong sedang (H=1,0875 – 1,292) dengan Culex vishnui dan Culex quinquefasciatus sebagai spesies paling melimpah. Uji RT-PCR tidak menemukan adanya sampel nyamuk positif RNA virus JE. Beberapa spesies nyamuk yang ditemukan di sekitar kandang babi di Kecamatan Panongan memiliki potensi sebagai vektor JEV sehingga diperlukan pengendalian kepadatan nyamuk dan kesehatan ternak babi terhadap JEV sebagai upaya pencegahan.
Kata Kunci: Keanekaragaman, Japanese encephalitis, babi, vektor
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Radl, James, Luis Martínez Villegas, Joseph S. Smith, R. Andrew Tirpak, Kayla I. Perry, Deirdre Wetmore, Elena Tunis i in. "Mosquito abundance and diversity in central Ohio, USA vary among stormwater wetlands, retention ponds, and detention ponds and their associated environmental parameters". PLOS ONE 19, nr 6 (25.06.2024): e0305399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305399.
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Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are one of the most impactful pests to human society, both as a nuisance and a potential vector of human and animal pathogens. Mosquito larvae develop in still aquatic environments. Eliminating these habitats near high human density or managing them to reduce the suitability for mosquitoes will reduce mosquito populations in these human environments and decrease the overall negative impact of mosquitoes on humans. One common source of standing water in urban and suburban environments is the water that pools in stormwater control measures. Previous studies have shown that some stormwater control measures generate large numbers of mosquitoes while others harbor none, and the reason for this difference remains unclear. Our study focuses on elucidating the factors that cause a stormwater control measure to be more or less suitable for mosquitoes. During the summers of 2021 and 2022, we collected and identified mosquito larvae from thirty stormwater control measures across central Ohio to assess variation in mosquito abundance and diversity among sites. Our goal was to determine if specific types of stormwater control measures (retention ponds, detention ponds, or constructed wetlands) harbored different abundances of mosquitoes or different community structures. We also assessed environmental parameters of these sites to elucidate their effects on mosquito abundance and diversity. Overall, we recorded the highest number of mosquito larvae and species in constructed wetlands. However, these sites were dominated by the innocuous species, Culex territans. Conversely, detention ponds held fewer mosquitoes but a higher proportion of known vector species, including Culex pipiens and Aedes vexans. The total number of mosquitoes across all sites was correlated with higher vegetation, more shade, lower water temperatures, and lower pH, suggesting stormwater control measures with these features may also be hotspots for mosquito proliferation.
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Wartono, Wartono, Mohammad Soleh i Yuslenita Muda. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DENGUE CONTROL WITH CONTROL OF MOSQUITO LARVAE AND MOSQUITO AFFECTED BY CLIMATE CHANGE". BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 15, nr 3 (1.09.2021): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol15iss3pp417-426.
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Consider a SIR model for the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever involving three populations, mosquito eggs, mosquitoes, and humans. The parameters of the SIR model were estimated using rainfall data and air temperature for the cities of Pekanbaru and Solok. The main aim of this paper is to determine the effect of mosquito larvae and adult mosquito control on the spread of the dengue virus. Numerical solutions were also presented by using the Runge-Kutta method of order 4. Based on the results, the SIR model was obtained by involving the control parameters of mosquito larvae and adult mosquitoes. Besides, the mosquito population is affected by changes in temperature, rainfall, and fog. Numerical simulations illustrate that the number of infected mosquitoes and infected humans is influenced by the parameters of the percentage of mortality of mosquito larvae and adult mosquitoes.
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Saputra, Roni, Mega Gemala, Hengky Oktarizal, Trisna Dewita i Wanda Rahmayni. "Optimizing the Utilization of Fermented Natural Materials as Mosquito Trapping Attractives". Miracle Journal of Public Health 5, nr 1 (14.06.2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36566/mjph.v5i1.285.
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Mosquitoes are insects that can interfere because, in addition to causing itching and pain, several types of mosquitoes are vectors or transmitters of various diseases. One of the free and environmentally friendly mosquito vector controls is to make simple traps with attractants containing fermented natural ingredients. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cassava fermentation, sugarcane water fermentation, brown sugar fermentation, and banana skin fermentation as mosquito attractants. This study is experimental research designed as a post-test–only control group design. The results showed that the ability of fermented cassava, sugarcane water fermentation, brown sugar fermentation as mosquito attractants did not significantly differ in attracting mosquitoes with the number of trapped mosquitoes was 62 tails, 56 tails, 50 were seen during nine days of research. Whereas for banana peel fermentation with the number of mosquitoes trapped 27 seats which were seen for nine research days and experienced a decrease from day to day. These results show that cassava fermentation is the most effective as the attractant of mosquitoes, with the number of mosquitoes trapped during nine days of research 62 tails, with an average of trapped mosquitoes as many as three and effective on day 5 of the study.
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Wibawaning Astuti, Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti. "DIVERSITY, DOMINANCY, AND PERIODICITY OF MOSQUITOES IN FILARIASIS ENDEMIC AREAS IN SAMBOREJO VILLAGE TIRTO DISTRICT PEKALONGAN REGENCY". Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease 7, nr 6 (9.10.2019): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v7i6.10385.
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Vector-borne mosquito diseases are still as a public health problem in the world, including in Indonesia. Many of mosquitoes species are significantly as vectors of patogen, such as virus, bacteria, protozoan, and helminths due to human health. Samborejo Village is one of filariasis endemic areas and it is still in a high mf-rate. Each of mosquito species has a differential of distribution, bioactivities pattern, and type of habitat of their breeding sites with others. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity, dominancy, and periodicity pattern of mosquitoes during night time in Samborejo Village Tirto Distric Pekalongan Regency. Mosquitoes collections were done by landing method, from 6 pm - 6 am of in an hour period of collection, for biting and resting activities and also for indoor and outdoor collection respectively. Mosquitoes were then identified and the diversity was analized by Shannon-Wienner Index. The total number of each species was served in percent. Totally there were 339 collected mosquitoes, consisting of 165 (48.67%) females and 174 (51.33%) males. Of all, there were 4 species identified which were Culex quinquefasciatus (92.1%), Culex tritaeniorhynchus (0.6%), Culex vishnui (1.8%), and Aedes aegypti (5.5%). Samborejo Village showed in low diversity with the index of 0.338, and Cx. quinquefasciatus to be the dominant species in this area. Culex quinquefasciatus also became the frequent species in each period of collection for indoor and outdoor, and it showed the indoor active biting at 9 pm, 01 am, and 03 am; furthermore, the outdoor active biting was at midnight (00) and at 03 am. However, Aedes mosquitoe was showed active biting in earlier, it was at 6 pm, 7 pm, and at 02 am.
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Liang, Chen, Hai-Feng Huo i Hong Xiang. "Modelling mosquito population suppression based on competition system with strong and weak Allee effect". Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 21, nr 4 (2024): 5227–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2024231.
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<abstract><p>Mosquito-borne diseases are threatening half of the world's population. To prevent the spread of malaria, dengue fever, or other mosquito-borne diseases, a new disease control strategy is to reduce or eradicate the wild mosquito population by releasing sterile mosquitoes. To study the effects of sterile insect technique on mosquito populations, we developed a mathematical model of constant release of sterile <italic>Aedes aegypti</italic> mosquitoes with strong and weak Allee effect and considered interspecific competition with <italic>Anopheles</italic> mosquitoes. We calculated multiple release thresholds and investigated the dynamical behavior of this model. In order to get closer to reality, an impulsive differential equation model was also introduced to study mosquito suppression dynamics under the strategy of releasing $ c $ sterile male mosquitoes at each interval time $ T $. Finally, the relationship between the releasing amount or the waiting period and the number of days required to suppress mosquitoes was illustrated by numerical simulations.</p></abstract>
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Yaseen, Kashaf. "Metagenomics of Mosquito-borne Flaviviruses in Various Geoclimatic Districts of Punjab, Pakistan". Pakistan Veterinary Journal 40, nr 04 (1.12.2020): 407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2020.091.
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Mosquitoes are highly active vectors capable of transmitting various pathogenic and infectious diseases to humans and animals. The present study was designed to identify the major species of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne flaviviruses (Saint Louis Encephalitis, West Nile and Dengue Viruses) prevalent in three districts of Punjab representing the three agro-geoclimatic zones viz; Multan, Chakwal and Jhang. The collected mosquitoes were stereoscopically identified to confirm the species and sex of the mosquitoes. Stereoscopic identification confirmed that female mosquitoes were 4334 out of 10675 (40.6%), 2242 out of 7296 (30%) and 2040 out of 6450 (31.6%) from districts Chakwal, Jhang and Multan, respectively. It was concluded that Culex species were present in abundance (73.2%) as compared to Aedes species (26.7%) in the selected study districts. The results of multiplex RT-PCR depicted that Dengue, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis and Saint Louis encephalitis viruses were prevalent in the mosquitoes of all three selected districts. However, the prevalence of mosquito-borne viruses insignificantly varied (P>0.05) among the three districts. This study has provided a better understanding of the prevailing mosquito species and mosquito-borne viruses in the study districts that can help to devise appropriate control measures
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Ghiffari, Ahmad, Mukhlasinia Aprilita, Chairil Anwar i Bahrun Indawan Kasim. "Identification of Mosquito Larva in Water Containers in Line with the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Cleaning Service in Relation to Mosquito Breeding at Pascasarjana Unsri". E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186804005.
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Mosquitoes are vectors of several diseases for humans. To eradicate mosquitoes, information regarding breeding place of mosquito larva along with the knowledge and role of cleaning service are required. This study was aimed to identify water container as breeding sites for mosquitoes and as well as to discover knowledge, attitude and practice of cleaning service in relation to mosquitoes eradication at Pascasarjana Unsri. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach. The samples were all mosquito larva taken from the water containers. The Informants were taken with quota sampling and the information was obtained by in-depth interviews. Of the 108 containers, 30 (27.78%) indoor containers entirely contain clear water and meanwhile in 78 (72.22%) outdoor containers, 13 containers contain turbid water and 65 containers contain clear water. There were 431 mosquito larva found in five indoor containers (60 larva) and 26 outdoor containers (431 larva). Larva Free Rate (LFR) was 83.33%, House Index (HI) 16.67%, Container Index (CI) 28.70%, and the Breteau Index (BI) 41.67%. The species of mosquitoes found were Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex. Cleaning services have a good knowledge and attitude about mosquito breeding and practice in eradicating mosquitoes according their responsibility as cleaning service.
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Zhou, Yiyuan, Dongyang Deng, Rong Chen, Chencen Lai i Qian Chen. "Effects of antennal segments defects on blood-sucking behavior in Aedes albopictus". PLOS ONE 18, nr 8 (10.08.2023): e0276036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276036.
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After mating, female mosquitoes need a blood meal to promote the reproductive process. When mosquitoes bite infected people and animals, they become infected with germs such as viruses and parasites. Mosquitoes rely on many cues for host selection and localization, among which the trace chemical cues emitted by the host into the environment are considered to be the most important, and the sense of smell is the main way to perceive these trace chemical cues. However, the current understanding of the olfactory mechanism is not enough to meet the needs of mosquito control. Unlike previous studies that focused on the olfactory receptor recognition spectrum to reveal the olfactory mechanism of mosquito host localization. In this paper, based on the observation that mosquitoes with incomplete antennae still can locate the host and complete blood feeding in the laboratory, we proposed that there may be some protection or compensation mechanism in the 13 segments of antennae flagella, and only when the antennae are missing to a certain threshold will it affect the mosquito’s ability to locate the host. Through rational-designed behavioral experiments, we found that the 6th and 7th flagellomeres on the Aedes albopictus antenna are important in the olfactory detection of host searching. This study preliminarily screened antennal segments important for host localization of Ae. albopictus, and provided a reference for subsequent cell biology and molecular biology studies on these segments. Meanwhile, the morphology and distribution of sensilla on each antenna flagellomere were also analyzed and discussed in this paper.
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Cloherty, Erin R., Janet C. Mcallister, James A. Ottea, Kristen Healy i Claudia Riegel. "A Survey on Mosquito Control Knowledge and Insecticide Use in New Orleans, La, 2020–2021". Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 39, nr 4 (1.12.2023): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/23-7123.
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ABSTRACT Mosquitoes are a known public nuisance and can vector various diseases. Historically, New Orleans, LA, has long been acquainted with the burden of mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria and yellow fever in the 20th century and West Nile virus in the 21st century. Government mosquito control awareness campaigns have been around for decades as has the use of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides by mosquito abatement districts. However, few data are available on public perception of mosquito control and public usage of insecticides to kill mosquitoes in New Orleans. We conducted a survey from August 2020 to July 2021 to evaluate New Orleans residents’ 1) general knowledge regarding mosquito control and 2) what measures and products they use to control mosquitoes. The aim of this survey was to determine how residents contribute to backyard mosquito control by do-it-yourself or professional applications of insecticides. The survey was disseminated both online and via mail. Of the 396 survey participants, nearly all (99.48%) agreed that mosquito control is important in New Orleans because it prevents mosquito bites (30.85%), prevents mosquito borne-diseases (38.51%), and prevents nuisance mosquitoes (29.17%). More than one-third (35%) of survey participants indicated that they empty containers to reduce adult mosquitoes on their own property. More than two-thirds of the participants (69.95%) would not hire a pest management professional to spray their yard for adult mosquitoes, and only 20% of survey participants do apply a pesticide to kill adult mosquitoes on their own property. None of our findings were associated with the level of education, gender, or age of participants. This study suggests that the City of New Orleans Mosquito, Termite and Rodent Control Board educational and outreach campaigns may be an effective tool in spreading mosquito control awareness and contribute to residents’ knowledge of mosquito control. The data we collected indicate that residents understand what mosquito control is and why it is important in New Orleans.
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Idris, Abdulrazak Muhammad, A. Haruna, A. M. Yayo, Y. Mohammed, H. U. Takalmawa, A. A. Aliyu i F. I. Tsiga-Ahmed. "DENSITY OF MOSQUITOES SPECIES AND EFFECT OF SOME CLIMATIC PARAMETER IN AMINU KANO TEACHING HOSPITAL, KANO, NIGERIA". FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, nr 2 (3.07.2020): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-153.
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In Nigeria mosquito-borne diseases particularly malaria and some emerging and re-emerging infections such as Zika, dengue fever, yellow fever, constitute a big threat to public health. However, there is a paucity of information on the species of mosquito in Kano City Northern Nigeria. Despite mosquitoes control programs that had taken place in this state and its environment, mosquitoes remain a problem in the state and there is little information on the relationship between mosquito species and the effect of some climatic parameters on the mosquitoes distribution in the study area. The mosquito species were collected using the CDC light trap method and climatic parameters such as temperature and relative humidity were recorded at every one hour of the experiments. A total of 26,652 mosquitoes were collected from January to July 2018. Out of the 26,652, 17444 (65.46%) were Culex and 9208 (34.54%) were Anopheles mosquitoes. Culex species were observed to have its peak at 10:00 - 11:00 pm (5435) while Anopheles mosquito species were observed to attain their first peak at 3:00 – 4:00 am (3416). High collections of mosquitoes were obtained at optimum temperature and relative humidity. This study provided information on the mosquito species diversity in respect to seasonal and periodic variation at AKTH and the effect of some climatic parameters.
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Natasha, Jafar Ali, Abd Rahaman Yasmin, Reuben Sunil Kumar Sharma, Saulol Hamid Nur-Fazila, Md Isa Nur-Mahiza, Siti Suri Arshad, Hussni Omar Mohammed, Kiven Kumar, Shih Keng Loong i Mohd Kharip Shah Ahmad Khusaini. "Mosquito as West Nile Virus Vector: Global Timeline of Detection, Characteristic, and Biology". Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 46, nr 3 (30.08.2023): 1063–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjtas.46.3.18.
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Mosquitoes are extremely important vectors that transmit zoonotic West Nile virus (WNV) globally, resulting in significant outbreaks in birds, humans, and mammals. The abundance of mosquito vectors combined with the migratory flying behaviour of wild birds across the globe has exacerbated the dynamics of WNV infection. Depth understanding of the WNV infection requires a comprehensive understanding of the character of the vector in terms of their taxonomy, morphology, biology, behaviours, preferences, and factors that promote their breeding. Most susceptible animals and humans may experience serious neurological illnesses such as encephalitis. Little is known about the susceptibility of mosquitoes to WNV infection. This review provides insightful knowledge about the characteristics of mosquitoes that carry WNV and their susceptibility to WNV infection. The context of mosquito’s involvement in WNV transmission is demonstrated through space and time from the 1950’s until to date. The historical timeline of WNV transmission strength was significantly intensified via the complex interactions between vector, virus, and environment. Such knowledge will provide valuable insights into vector control intervention mitigation strategies, especially in tropical climate countries like Malaysia.