Rozprawy doktorskie: „Mortality”

1

Moon, Eagle Desert. "Mortalist understandings of our own mortality". Full text available, 2002. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/moon.pdf.

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2

Gushue, Sharon. "Underlying causes of death among patients with cancer in Nova Scotia, 1969-1989". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/MQ42151.pdf.

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3

Kotler, Pamela L. "Having it all multiple roles and mortality /". New York : Garland Pub, 1989. http://books.google.com/books?id=whFHAAAAMAAJ.

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4

Mercier, Michael E. "Infant mortality in Ottawa, 1901, an historical-geographic perspective". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ26933.pdf.

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5

Lin, Yijia. "Mortality Risk Management". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rmi_diss/14.

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This is a multi–essay dissertation in the area of mortality risk management. The first essay investigates natural hedging between life insurance and annuities and then proposes a mortality swap between a life insurer and an annuity insurer. Compared with reinsurance, capital markets have a greater capacity to absorb insurance shocks, and they may offer more flexibility to meet insurers’ needs. Therefore, my second essay studies securitization of mortality risks in life annuities. Specifically I design a mortality bond to transfer longevity risks inherent in annuities or pension plans to financial markets. By explicitly taking into account the jumps in mortality stochastic processes, my third essay fills a gap in the mortality securitization modeling literature by pricing mortality securities in an incomplete market framework. Using the Survey of Consumer Finances, my fourth essay creates a new financial vulnerability index to examine a household’s life cycle demand for different types of life insurance.

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6

Thomas, Joshua. "Mortality and meaningfulness". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21318/.

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Some have claimed that human life is inevitably meaningless because we are mortal. Others have claimed the opposite: that life would be meaningless if we never died, and our being mortal is actually an essential condition for our lives to have any meaning at all. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the arguments that have or could be used to support these claims, and come to a conclusion about which position, if either, is correct. Part One provides an introduction to the problem and an overview of various accounts of meaningfulness which can be found in the literature before outlining a broader and more defensible amalgam theory of meaningfulness. According to this theory, a life is ideally meaningful if and only if, and to the extent that, it contains sufficient degrees of purposefulness, significance, and coherence. In Part Two, the thesis moves on to systematically consider arguments that immortal life would be meaningless because it would lack each of these three essential ingredients of meaningfulness. In every case, immortality is defended against such arguments. Part Three covers the counterpart arguments which might be aimed at mortal life and reaches a comparable conclusion. Part Four summarises the findings and lessons of the thesis. In short, mortality can affect the meaningfulness of our lives in various ways, as would its absence. Nevertheless, mortality is neither entirely destructive of life’s meaningfulness nor one of its necessary conditions; a life can be meaningful whether or not it ends in death.

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7

Trausch, Gérard J. "Etude approfondie de la mortalité au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg: méthodes statistiques, analyse des conséquences socio-économiques, recherches de méthodes d'analyse avec application à la statistique luxembourgeoise depuis 1900". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213421.

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8

Olaleye, Peter Damilare. "Mortality investigation : does life table PA90 model annuitants mortality in Nigeria?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17306.

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Mestrado em Actuarial Science
Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar se a tábua PA90 do Reino Unido constitui um modelo aceitável para a experiência de mortalidade na Nigéria, no que diz respeito à população dos detentores de anuidades. A motivação para o trabalho provém do facto de o mercado nigeriano de anuidades se ter vindo a desenvolver nos últimos anos. Nesta dissertação apresenta-se uma revisão de alguma da literatura relevante sobre o tópico, incluindo algumas noções de base - o que é uma renda vitalícia - e descrições necessariamente breves da investigação sobre questões de mortalidade desenvolvida no Reino Unido e em África, bem como de algumas das razões pelas quais as taxas de mortalidade estão a ser continuamente objeto de estudo. Os dados e as metodologias indispensáveis à prossecução do objetivo são de seguida discutidos e aplicados. Destaque deve ser dado aos dois métodos de suavização utilizados, spline com base natural (NCS) e spline penalizada, que foram usados no training set data, para a obtenção de taxas de mortalidade alisadas. As taxas estimadas são posteriormente comparadas com a tábua PA90, para estudar se esta deve continuar a ser usada na Nigéria, ou se se impõe a realização de um estudo completo da mortalidade no país.
This study aims to investigate PA90 of the UK as a proxy for annuitant mortality table in Nigeria. Annuities seem to grow rapidly across the globe due to reformations and regulations in the public social security systems regarding post retirement plans. Nigerian annuity market is not left out in this global growth as annuity product now gains momentum by the day. The primary focus of this dissertation is to compare PA90 of the UK with crude rates estimated from the national data available, an important topic nowadays in Nigeria. A literature review is provided - what life annuity means, mortality investigations in UK and Africa, and some of the reasons why mortality rates are being assessed. Data and methodology required to accomplish the objective of the work developed are also thoroughly discussed and used. Two smoothing techniques, natural basis spline (NCS) and penalised spline were applied on the training set, to obtain smoothed mortality rates. The rates that have been estimated are then compared with the PA90 rates, to see whether this life table should continue to be used as a proxy for the mortality of Nigerian annuitants, or an independent study should be carried out.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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9

Maseko, Tafadzwa. "Expanding the South African Rapid Mortality Surveillance to cover provincial mortality". Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30003.

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Mortality estimates are useful for evaluating health status for a country. These estimates, especially for a country heavily affected by HIV epidemic and at the sub-national level, are a foundation in formulating health strategies and policies to reduce premature deaths and improve quality of life. However, estimating consistent levels and trends in mortality for a developing country like South Africa with incomplete vital registration and errors in censuses or survey data is difficult. This research examines whether one can combine National Population Register (NPR) data and Vital Registration (VR) data to produce reliable estimates of specific indices of mortality at the provincial level. In addition, the same approach as used in 2015 RMS report is applied to registered maternal deaths, neonatal deaths, and neonatal deaths captured by the District Health Information System (DHIS) to derived reliable estimates of MMR and NMR at the provincial level. The quality of NPR data and VR data is evaluated and since NPR data does not include the whole population, it is adjusted for incompleteness relative to VR data. It is found that there are some problems in the VR data such as VR death misplacement between the provinces and missing VR deaths in most recent years, which makes extrapolation of past trends in the completeness of NPR relative to VR into the future difficult. Suitable assumptions are made to correct for these anomalies and NPR data together with VR data are further adjusted for the general under-registration. Estimates of child mortality from Pillay-van Wyk, Laubscher, Msemburi et al. (2016) and estimates of adult mortality from Dorrington and Timæus (2017) are used to derive the estimates of completeness of death registration. The estimates of mortality rates produced from combining NPR and VR data appear to be sensible, showing some internal and external consistency. However, the estimates of MMRs produced from VR data as well as NMR from VR and DHIS data shows that there is a great deal of uncertainty around the estimates of these mortality indicators.

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10

Huong, Dao Lan. "Mortality in transitional Vietnam". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-878.

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11

McMahon, Colin. "Quarantining the past, commemorating the great Irish famine on Grosse-Ile". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64009.pdf.

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12

Högberg, Ulf. "Maternal mortality in Sweden". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Obstetrik och gynekologi, 1985. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1866.

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Every year about half a million women die from complications of pregnancy, parturition and puerperium, most of which are preventable. The purpose of this thesis was to chart the distribution and decline in maternal mortality in Sweden between 1751 and 1980, and furthermore to characterize positive (predisposing) factors and negative (protective) factors of maternal mortality. Maternal mortality declined from 900 to 6.6 per 100,000 live births in these 230 years. Maternal deaths accounted for 10070 of all female deaths in the reproductive ages between 1781 and 1785, but only 0.2.0/0 between 1976 and 1980. However, in the 19th century 40-450/0 of the female deaths in the most active childbearing ages were maternal deaths. The children left motherless had an extremely high mortality. Indirect maternal deaths and puerperal sepsis accounted for the bulk of maternal deaths in the rural areas. Only a minority of maternal deaths occurred in lying-in hospitals. Midwifery services in rural areas and antiseptic techniques were most effective in preventing maternal deaths during the late 19th century. The changing distribution ofage and parity amongst the parturients had a definite impact on the mortality decline, enhanced by time, contributing to 500/0 of the mortality decline over the last 15 years. The expontential decline of cause-specific mortality and case fatality rates during the last 40 years is furthermore explained by the emergence ofmodern medicine - antibiotics, antenatal and obstetric care. The earlier serious problem of illegal abortions was eradicated by legislation and changes in hospital practice. The maternal mortality decline has levelled out during the 1970s, the relative importance of embolism as a cause of death is increasing. Advanced age and intercurrent disease are the most difficult risk factors to overcome. To conclude, this study indicates that the reason why maternal mortality has declined faster than otherhealth indices is that the major part of the maternal deaths can be prevented by medical technology, including family planning, antenatal and obstetric care. This experience should be of interest to developing countries where high rates of maternal mortality prevails.

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13

Lantto, M. (Marjo). "Childhood mortality in Finland". Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526210247.

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Abstract The aim of this work was to assess trends in childhood mortality in Finland over the period 1969–2004 and to identify the main preventable causes of death in childhood. Specific topics of interest were childhood mortality due to infectious diseases and possible regional differences in childhood mortality. As accidents are the most common cause of death in childhood, we also analysed regional differences in accidental mortality in childhood between the years 1969 and 2013. Annual neonatal mortality declined by 78%, from 11.13/1000 in 1969 to 2.46/1000 in 2004, with perinatal disorders and congenital malformations the most common causes of death, while childhood mortality declined by 65% during the same period, from 0.67/1000 to 0.23/1000, with accidents the leading cause of death, followed by congenital malformations, tumours and haematological diseases, and infectious diseases. Childhood mortality due to infectious diseases decreased by 89%, from 0.12/1000 in 1969 to 0.013/1000 in 2004, and neonatal mortality from similar causes by 69%, from 0.50/1000 to 0.16/1000. Pneumonia, central nervous system infections and septicaemia were the most significant fatal infections in childhood. There were no significant differences in childhood mortality between the university hospital districts, but notable differences existed at the regional level between the central hospital districts. There were also considerable regional differences in childhood accidental mortality, which showed a tendency to persist with time, especially in the case of traffic accidents, suicides and homicides. Childhood mortality in Finland has declined markedly, and the trend was a continuous one throughout the period concerned. The differences between the central hospital districts, however, suggest that paediatric care in Finland may need further centralization. Accidents represent the main preventable cause of death in childhood, and further reductions in mortality could be achieved, especially through local preventive measures
Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tarkastella muutoksia lasten kuolleisuudessa Suomessa vuosina 1969–2004 ja selvittää tärkeimmät ehkäistävissä olevat kuolinsyyt lapsuudessa. Olimme kiinnostuneita erityisesti lasten infektiokuolleisuudesta ja mahdollisista alueellisista eroista lapsikuolleisuudessa. Koska tapaturmat ovat yleisin kuolinsyy lapsuudessa, analysoimme myös alueellisia eroja lapsuusiän tapaturmakuolleisuudessa vuosina 1969–2013. Neonataalikuolleisuus laski vuosina 1969–2004 78%, 11.13/1000:sta 2.46/1000:een. Perinataaliset ongelmat ja synnynnäiset epämuodostumat olivat yleisin kuolinsyy. Lapsuusiän kuolleisuus laski samanaikaisesti 65%, 0.67/1000:sta 0.23/1000:een tapaturmien ollessa yleisin kuolinsyy. Epämuodostumat, syövät ja hematologiset sairaudet sekä infektiot olivat myös merkittäviä kuolinsyitä. Infektiokuolleisuus laski seuranta-aikana lapsuusiässä 89%, 0.12/1000:sta 0.013/1000:een ja vastasyntyneisyyskaudella 69%, 0.50/1000:sta 0.16/1000:een. Keuhkokuume, keskushermostoinfektiot ja sepsikset olivat yleisimpiä kuolemaan johtavia infektioita lapsuudessa. Yliopistollisten sairaanhoitopiirien välillä ei esiintynyt alueellisia eroja lapsikuolleisuudessa, mutta pienempien sairaanhoitopiirien välillä havaittiin eroja. Myös tapaturmakuolleisuudessa esiintyi merkittäviä alueellisia eroja, erityisesti liikenneonnettomuuksissa sekä itsemurhissa ja henkirikoksissa. Erot säilyivät läpi seuranta-ajan. Lapsikuolleisuus on laskenut Suomessa merkittävästi läpi seuranta-ajan. Koska lapsikuolleisuudessa esiintyy alueellisia eroja keskussairaaloiden välillä, lasten sairaanhoito voi vaatia jatkossa enemmän keskittämistä. Tapaturmat ovat tärkein ehkäistävissä oleva kuolinsyy lapsuudessa, ja kuolleisuutta niihin olisi mahdollista vähentää paikallisen ennaltaehkäisyn kautta

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14

Jayachandra, Vaishnavi. "Factors affecting infant mortality". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585806.

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Infant mortality rate has long been an important factor when measuring a country's overall health status. The lower the infant mortality rate the better the country's health status. This study examines the variation of infant mortality in Hispanic/Latinos, Black/African Americans, and Medicaid beneficiaries in the United States. Secondary data was drawn from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey for the year 2011-2012. Results of the study did not reveal or support the demographic or socioeconomic factors that influence the outcome of infant mortality. Future research should include data from the neo-natal intensive care unit, and not just the emergency department, where infant mortality is better recorded.

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15

Crawford, Vivienne Lynda Shirley. "Circannual variation in mortality". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295407.

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Nantume, Samali. "Maternal mortality in Uganda". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/36349.

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The World Health Organization (WHO) defines maternal health as the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. According to estimates from UNICEF, Uganda’s maternal mortality ratio, the annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births stands at 435. Women die as a result of complications during and following pregnancy and childbirth and the major complications include severe bleeding, infections, unsafe abortion and obstructed labor. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/36349

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17

Adelsberg, Mark. "Public approval and mortality". Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/3618.

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Then, Amy Y. "Studies of Mortality Estimation". W&M ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616875.

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Instantaneous total mortality rate Z can be partitioned into two components: fishing, F, and natural mortality, M. A number of data-poor methods have been developed to estimate Z, F, and M, and these methods tend to rely on fairly restrictive assumptions as well as on data types that are easy to obtain, e.g., length or other life history information. The overarching goal of this dissertation is to contribute to the advancement of methods for estimating these important and influential stock parameters. The relevant issues and the gaps in knowledge pertaining to these data-poor methods are outlined in the Introduction chapter (Chapter 1). The research papers presented in this dissertation fall into two main categories, namely, the evaluation of existing methods and the improvement of existing methods to estimate mortality rates. In Chapter 2, Monte Carlo simulation is utilized to compare the performance of two length-based methods developed by Beverton and Holt (1957) and Ehrhardt and Ault (1992), for estimating Z. I examine the impact of (1) variability in size at age and (2) the method of handling length truncation on the performance of the estimators. Results show that the Ehrhardt-Ault method exhibits complex patterns of bias and is not unequivocally better than the Beverton-Holt method. In Chapter 3, an existing non-equilibrium, mean length-based estimator of Z is modified to use additional information on fishing effort. The Z parameters are replaced with Z = qft+ M where q is the catchability coefficient and ft is the fishing effort in year t. Thus, only q, M, and the residual error need be estimated. This methodology appears promising for estimating F (= qf) and M, based on simulation studies. Furthermore, even if the estimates of F and M are imprecise and highly correlated, the resultant estimates of Z are year-specific and may be quite precise. The method may serve to bridge the gap between data-poor and data-rich methods to estimate Z. Chapter 4 addresses a long-standing gap in knowledge with respect to the ranking and predictive performance of existing empirical estimators of natural mortality of fish stocks. to address this question, a dataset of over 200 direct M estimates and corresponding life history parameters from unique fish species was compiled. Using this dataset, we were able to definitively quantify the predictive ability and update the equations of four widely used empirical estimators and their variants. Estimators based on maximum age perform substantially better than those based on growth parameters, either with or without consideration of water temperature. Results from this research will provide useful tools and guidelines for stock assessment scientists who need to estimate M and Z for both data-poor and data-rich stocks.

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19

Jiang, Honghua. "Age-Dependent Tag Return Models for Estimating Fishing Mortality, Natural Mortality and Selectivity". NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09072005-085405/.

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We extend the instantaneous rates formulation of fisheries tag return models to allow for age-dependence of fishing mortality rates in Chapter 1. This is important in many applications where tagged fish vary over a large range of ages (and sizes). We focus on a model based on assuming selectivity by age is constant over years and that above a certain age selectivity is fixed at 1. We show that it is possible to allow natural mortality, M, to vary by age and year. We allow for incomplete mixing of tagged fish and for fisheries to be pulse, continuous or continuous over part of the year. We focus on the case where all or most age classes are tagged each year. We investigate model identifiability and how well parameters can be estimated using analytic and simulation methods. Results show that some models with the tag reporting rate estimated are singular or near-singular. The age-length key method commonly used for age specification may produce substantial errors in converting size to age, especially for the older fish. To reduce such errors, in Chapter 2 we propose two alternative sampling designs to the standard one of tagging all age classes: one where only age 1 fish are tagged, another where both age 1 and age 2 fish are tagged. Catch-and-release fisheries have become very important to the management of overexploited recreational fish stocks. Tag return studies where the tag is removed regardless of fish disposition have been used to assess the effectiveness of restoration efforts for these catch-and-release fisheries. In Chapter 3, we extend the instantaneous rate formulation of tag return models introduced in Chapter 1 to catch-and-release tagging studies. We illustrate the methods using multiple age class tag return data on striped bass (Morone saxatilis) from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (MDNR). We found evidence that M is age dependent and that M has increased since 1999 possibly due to an outbreak of the disease (mycobacteriosis) in striped bass in the Chesapeake Bay.

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20

Leppard, P. "An analysis of population lifetime data of South Australia 1841-1996". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SM/09sml598.pdf.

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Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, School of Applied Mathematics, 2003.
Accompanying CD-ROM is part of the appendix. It includes computer programs, data files and output tables. Bibliography: leaves 166-170. Also available in an electronic version via the Internet (ADT).

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21

Wang, Man-ping. "Fish consumption and mortality in Hong Kong Chinese : the lifestyle and mortality study (LIMOR) /". View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38588432.

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Wang, Man-ping, i 王文炳. "Fish consumption and mortality in Hong Kong Chinese: the lifestyle and mortality study (LIMOR)". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39724621.

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Peachy, Latawnya D. "Fetal infant mortality review the next step in addressing infant mortality in Tarrant County /". online resource, 2008. http://digitalcommons.hsc.unt.edu/theses/1/.

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Hoermann, Gudrun. "Mortality heterogeneity and life insurance /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000293554.

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Cai, Yong. "Regional mortality variation in China /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8899.

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Pulska, T. (Tuula). "Mortality of the depressed elderly". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2001. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514259092.

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Roper, Nick. "South Tees diabetes mortality study". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399543.

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Anderson, Marc. "Exploring mortality through Pascalian intuition". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64014.pdf.

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Jarnemo, Anders. "Neonatal mortality in roe deer /". Uppsala : Dept. of Conservation Biology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/s321.pdf.

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Cao, Zhenyuan 1967. "Mortality with different antihypertensive agents". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32981.

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Background. beta-blockers have been the cornerstone of therapy for hypertension for at least 20 years. The use of newer agents including calcium antagonists and ACE inhibitors is increasing.
Objective. To examine whether calcium antagonists and ACE inhibitors independently are associated with increased all-cause and cause-specific mortality relative to beta-blockers.
Methods. This was a population-based cohort study. Within the cohort, a nested case-control approach was used for analysis. We used Saskatchewan Health databases. A cohort of 19,501 subjects initiating therapy for uncomplicated hypertension between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 1993 was identified. Cases were all deaths between January 1st, 1990 and April 1st, 1997. Cause of death was determined and coded according to ICD-9 as abstracted from the death certificate, specifically identifying cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease and stroke. Five controls were matched to each case on entry date and time at risk of an event. Current use of antihypertensive drugs was defined as drugs dispensed within 90 days prior to the event date. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Bolt, Katharine. "Valuing mortality risks to children". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445527.

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Brown, Archibald Stephen. "The excess mortality of schizophrenia". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368069.

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Bercovitz, Anita Roth. "Mortality of nursing home residents". Available to US Hopkins community, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3080625.

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Ji, Xi. "Teleological mortality in Plato's Timaeus". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1574679/.

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This thesis aims to show how Plato attempts to bridge the gap between immortal and mortal nature in the Timaeus. It explores the similarities and dissimilarities between the constitution of the immortal existents, i.e. the cosmic soul and human immortal souls, and the mortal existents, i.e. the cosmic body and the human bodies. In the knowledge of the similarities, that is, the soul and body are fashioned using the Forms and Receptacle as common components, the distinction between the immortal souls and mortal bodies seems not to be an absolute one. The dissimilarities lie in that the two kinds of existents are created in different ways, which entail that they differ in structures and modes of motion. The similarities and dissimilarities altogether explains why the immortal souls and mortal bodies appear to be utterly different existents but can be connected to and communicate with each other. The embodiment of the cosmic soul in the cosmic body yields an everlasting creature such as the cosmos itself. Whereas the embodiment of the human immortal soul in the physical body results in the former’s being disrupted and the generation of two kinds of mortal souls, i.e. spirited and appetitive parts of souls. The spirited part of soul is designed as an intermediary between the immortal soul and the body as well as between the immortal soul and the appetitive part of soul. The tripartite soul and its interaction with the mortal body reveal Demiurgic concerns for humans. Humans are endowed with mortality intentionally for the sake of cosmic completion and perfection. The Demiurgic compensatory arrangement, i.e. the structural affinity between the cosmos and humans and purposefully designed bodily parts and organs, allows humans, as mortal creatures, to bridge their own gap with the everlasting cosmos by imitating the latter.

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Ayalew, Kassahun Abere. "Assessment of the IGME methods of estimating infant mortality rate and neonatal mortality rate from under-five mortality rate in countries affected by HIV". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5896.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
This study assesses the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (IGME) methods of estimating the infant and neonatal mortality rates from the under-five mortality rates in countries affected by HIV/AIDS. It uses Botswana, Malawi and South Africa as case studies. The assessment is made by comparing the IGME results with estimates from projection models and empirical results computed from survey data and vital statistics data corrected for the level of incompleteness for the countries included in the study. In addition, relevant literature is reviewed in order to determine the reasonableness and impact (on the results produced) of the assumptions made by the method.

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Ediev, Dalkhat. "Mortality compression in period life tables hides decompression in birth cohorts in low-mortality countries". Sapienza University of Rome, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4402/genus-451.

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The rapid increase in human longevity has raised important questions about what implications this development may have for the variability of age at death. Earlier studies have reported evidence of a historical trend towards mortality compression. However, the period life table model, commonly used to address mortality compression, produces a compressed picture of mortality as a built-in feature of the model. To overcome this limitation, we base our study on an examination of the durations of exposure, in years of age, of birth cohorts and period life tables to selected short ranges of the death rate observed at old age. Overall, old-age mortality has been decompressing, cohort-wise, since the 1960s. This process may further indicate good prospects for ever-decreasing mortality. In the future, deaths may not be concentrated within a narrow age interval, but will instead become more dispersed, though at ever later ages on average.

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Wiens, Matthew Owen. "Childhood mortality from acute infectious diseases in Uganda : studies in sepsis and post-discharge mortality". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/53787.

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Background and objectives: The fourth Millennium Development Goal to reduce childhood mortality by two-thirds will not be achieved in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Infectious diseases are the most common cause of death in these children. A significant period of vulnerability occurs in the weeks and months following discharge. We sought to characterize mortality both in-hospital and post-discharge in children admitted with infectious diseases and develop prediction models for these outcomes. Methods: The primary study was a cohort study of children 6 months to 5 years of age admitted with proven or suspected infections. Children were followed throughout hospitalization and until six months post-discharge. Prediction models for in-hospital and post-discharge mortality were developed using standard logistic regression techniques. A further prospective cohort study was conducted to determine morbidity, mortality and health seeking following pediatric outpatient department visits in a rural health facility. Results: The primary cohort study enrolled 1307 subjects who were admitted with a proven or suspected infection. Sixty five (5.0%) children died in hospital and 61 (4.9%) of children died during the six month post-discharge period. Parsimonious models were developed for both in-hospital and post-discharge mortality. Variables for in-hospital prediction included Blantyre coma score, weight for age z-score, and HIV status. Variables for post-discharge prediction included Blantyre coma score, mid-upper arm circumference, HIV status, oxygen saturation and time since last hospitalization. Both models performed well with areas under of receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.85 and 0.80, respectively. Most (65%) post-discharge deaths occurred outside of a hospital. The secondary study of out-patient department visits included 717 sick-child visits and found that mortality and subsequent admission over 30 days occurs after approximately 2% of visits. Health seeking occurred in 7% of sick-child visits. No baseline clinical factors were associated with outcomes following these visits. Interpretation: The derived models can be used to develop effective interventions to improve in-hospital care, referral of admitted subjects to higher levels of care, and post-discharge care. Further research is required to better understand health seeking following out-patient department visits.
Medicine, Faculty of
Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of
Graduate

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38

Wang, Xin, i 王昕. "Physical activity and cardiovascular disease mortality, morbidity and all-cause mortality in Chinese elderly people". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41508257.

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Wang, Xin. "Physical activity and cardiovascular disease mortality, morbidity and all-cause mortality in Chinese elderly people". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41508257.

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40

Murphy, Neil. "Vitamin D exposure and cancer incidence and mortality, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/23895.

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Despite extensive epidemiological research and plausible biological mechanisms being elucidated, it is unclear whether vitamin D reduces risks of cancer incidence and mortality. Only for colorectal cancer does the observational evidence seem persuasive, whereas for other cancer types an anti-carcinogenic role has not been established convincingly, with rarer cancers seldom investigated. Similarly, whether vitamin D has a beneficial role on other chronic disease end-points and all-cause mortality remains uncertain, despite extensive research. Prospective studies which directly measure actual circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) are viewed as the 'gold standard' approach to assess vitamin D-disease associations. However, these studies are expensive to carry out (as circulating 25(OH)D usually has to be measured in all participants) and a single measurement of circulating 25(OH)D may not reflect long-term exposures (due to within-person variability). An alternative approach, not yet used in European populations, is to create predictor scores of circulating 25(OH)D levels. This cost effective approach provides the opportunity to examine associations between predicted 25(OH)D and multiple outcomes (including less common diseases). Sex-specific predictor scores were derived in 4,089 participants from the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study by quantifying the relationships between correlates/determinants of circulating 25(OH)D levels (using multivariable linear regression models). The predictor scores were validated in 2,029 participants with measured circulating 25(OH)D levels. In summary, the predictor scores provided poor estimates of absolute circulating 25(OH)D levels but were more successful at ranking individuals similarly by their actual and predicted levels. The predictor scores were also able to replicate results from previous EPIC colorectal cancer incidence and prostate cancer incidence nested case-control studies which used actual circulating 25(OH)D measurements. Overall, this evidence suggests that the predictor scores may have utility for epidemiological research but not in a clinical setting. The predictor scores were then applied to the full EPIC cohort to assess the associations between predicted 25(OH)D levels with risks of cancer incidence and mortality, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality. In summary, significant inverse predicted 25(OH)D score associations were observed for: overall cancer incidence and mortality; colorectal cancer incidence; lung cancer incidence and mortality; kidney cancer incidence; stomach and oesophageal cancer incidence; pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality; thyroid cancer incidence; prostate cancer mortality; all-cause mortality; circulatory disease mortality; respiratory disease mortality; and digestive disease mortality. However, due to the methodological limitations specific to 25(OH)D predictor scores - such as providing poor estimates of absolute levels - and observational epidemiology in general, it is important to acknowledge that alternative explanations may explain some or all of these observed relationships.

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Asadollahi, Khairollah. "Mortality association of routine laboratory variables in hospital admissions and introducing a new predictive mortality model". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430892.

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Sulemana, Hisham. "Comparison of mortality rate forecasting using the Second Order Lee–Carter method with different mortality models". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-43563.

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Mortality information is very important for national planning and health of a country. Mortality rate forecasting is a basic contribution for the projection of financial improvement of pension plans, well-being and social strategy planning. In the first part of the thesis, we fit the selected mortality rate models, namely the Power-exponential function based model, the ModifiedPerks model and the Heligman and Pollard (HP4) model to the data obtained from the HumanMortality Database [22] for the male population ages 1–70 of the USA, Japan and Australia. We observe that the Heligman and Pollard (HP4) model performs well and better fit the data as compared to the Power-exponential function based model and the Modified Perks model. The second part is to systematically compare the quality of the mortality rate forecasting using the second order Lee–Carter method with the selected mortality rate models. The results indicate that Power-exponential function based model and the Heligman and Pollard (HP4) model gives a more reliable forecast depending on individual countries.

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Ou, Chunquan. "Individual risk factors that modify the short-term effects of air pollution on mortality : a population-based study of Chinese population /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40687399.

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Seckin, Nutiye. "Determinants Of Infant Mortality In Turkey". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611069/index.pdf.

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Infant mortality rate is used as an indicator of a nation&rsquo
s economic welfare. Despite the tremendous reduction since 1900s infant mortality rate is still high for developing countries. Infant mortality is reduced from 67 to 21 per 1000 live births in 17 years from 1990 to 2007 in Turkey. However, IMR in Turkey is still much higher than the rates in developing countries which is reported as 5 in 2007. In this thesis, I examine regional, household and individual level characteristics that are associated with infant mortality. For this purpose survival analysis is used in this analysis. The data come from 2003-2004 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey that includes detailed information of 8,075 ever married women between the ages 15-49. 7,360 mothers of these women gave birth to 22,443 children. The results of the logistic regression show that intervals between the births of the infants are associated with infant mortality at lower levels of wealth index. Children from poorer families with preceding birth interval shorter than 14 months or children whose mothers experience a subsequent birth fare badly. Breastfeeding is important for the survival chance of the infants under the age 3 months. Place of delivery and source of water the family uses are also found to be correlated with infant mortality risk. Curvilinear relation between maternal age at birth and infant mortality risk is observed, indicating higher risk for teenage mothers and mothers having children at older ages.

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Rainham, Daniel Gareth Charles. "Atmospheric risk factors of human mortality". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59869.pdf.

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Yektye, Farahmand Bahman. "Hip fracture : risk factors and mortality /". Stockholm, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/91-628-4741-4/.

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Ösby, Urban. "Mortality in schizophrenia and affective disorder /". Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4438-5/.

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Chan, Yuk-on. "Impact of respiratory viruses on mortality". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b39724025.

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Iyer, Jayashree Srinivasan. "Determinants of infant mortality in India". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56956.

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"Infant Mortality Rate" (IMR), is an important socio-economic indicator which measures an important dimension of the well-being of any society. For the developing and less developed countries of the world, Infant Mortality Rates are much higher than those in the developed countries. This research aims to study IMR in India, a country which achieved considerable growth in industrial and agricultural sectors during the post-independence era, but which still has a relatively high level of IMR. Different formulations for measuring IMR are given and work done by different searchers in this area are reviewed in this study. Indicators of the variables affecting IMR are chosen, a time series regression model is estimated by ordinary least squares, and the results discussed. A cross-section analysis of the states in India is also attempted. The results of these analyses, concur quite well with other studies done for countries in similar stages of economic development.

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Stevenson, Ian Roxburgh. "Male-biased mortality in Soay sheep". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321000.

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