Artykuły w czasopismach: „MOL”

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Saric-Krsmanovic, Marija, Dragana Bozic, Ljiljana Radivojevic, Jelena Gajic-Umiljendic, Ljiljana Santric i Sava Vrbnicanin. "Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and cover crops on seed germination and early establishment of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunk.)". Pesticidi i fitomedicina 32, nr 2 (2017): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif1702105s.

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Several bacterial cultures: Bacillus licheniformis (MO1), B. pumilus (MO2), and B. amyloliquefaciens (MO3), isolated from manure; B. megatherium ZP6 (MO4) isolated from maize rhizosphere; Azotobacter chroococcum Ps1 (MO5) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (MO6), were used to test the influence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on seed germination and germination rate of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunk.). Also, to examine the effect of host seeds on germination and initial growth of seedlings of field dodder plants in the dark and under white light, the seeds of four host plants were used (watermelon, red clover, alfalfa and sugar beet). Germinated seeds were counted daily over a ten-day period and the length of seedlings was measured on the final day. The results show that treatments MO3, MO4 and MO6 had inhibitory effects (15%, 65% and 52%, respectively), while treatments MO1, MO2 and MO5 had stimulating effects (3%, 3% and 19%, respectively) on seed germination of field dodder. The data for host seeds show that light was a significant initial factor (83-95%, control 95%) for stimulating seed germination of field dodder plants, apart from host presence (73-79%, control 80%).

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Dai, Li, Xianbo Han, Chao Tan, Yu Shao i Yuning Wang. "Dopant occupancy and exposure energy of Zn(1 mol.%, 3 mol.%, 5 mol.%, 7 mol.%):Yb:Nd:LiNbO3 crystals". Modern Physics Letters B 34, nr 02 (20.01.2020): 2050032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984920500323.

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A series of Zn:Yb:Nd:LiNbO3 crystals with various concentrations of Zn[Formula: see text](1 mol.%, 3 mol.%, 5 mol.% and 7 mol.%) were grown by Czochralski method. The dopant occupancy and light-induced scattering ability of Zn:Yb:Nd:LiNbO3 crystals were measured and discussed by infrared spectra and exposure energy flux method. The results show that the infrared absorption peak of the Zn(7 mol.%):Yb:Nd:LiNbO3 crystal is blueshift and [Formula: see text] ion reaches threshold concentration. The light-induced scattering of Zn(7 mol.%):Yb:Nd:LiNbO3 crystals is increased by two-orders of magnitude compared to Zn(1 mol.%):Yb:Nd:LiNbO3 crystals.

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Scott, Emma S., Rachel T. McGrath, Andrzej S. Januszewski, Daniel Calandro, Anandwardhan A. Hardikar, David N. O'Neal, Gregory Fulcher i Alicia J. Jenkins. "HbA1c variability in adults with type 1 diabetes on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy compared to multiple daily injection (MDI) treatment". BMJ Open 9, nr 12 (grudzień 2019): e033059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033059.

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ObjectiveTo determine if continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy is associated with lower glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) variability (long-term glycaemic variability; GV) relative to multiple daily injection (MDI) treatment in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).DesignRetrospective audit.Setting and participantsClinic records from 506 adults with T1DM from two tertiary Australian hospitals.Outcome measuresLong-term GV was assessed by HbA1c SD and coefficient of variation (CV) in adults on established MDI or CSII therapy, and in a subset changing from MDI to CSII.ResultsAdults (n=506, (164 CSII), 50% women, mean±SD age 38.0±15.3 years, 17.0±13.7 years diabetes, mean HbA1c 7.8%±1.2% (62±13 mmol/mol) on CSII, 8.0%±1.5% (64±16 mmol/mol) on MDI) were followed for 4.1±3.6 years. CSII use was associated with lower GV (HbA1c SD: CSII vs MDI 0.5%±0.41% (6±6 mmol/mol) vs 0.7%±0.7% (9±8 mmol/mol)) and CV: CSII vs MDI 6.7%±4.6% (10±10 mmol/mol) vs 9.3%±7.3% (14±13 mmol/mol), both p<0.001. Fifty-six adults (73% female, age 36±13 years, 16±13 years diabetes, HbA1c 7.8%±0.8% (62±9 mmol/mol)) transitioned from MDI to CSII. Mean HbA1c fell by 0.4%. GV from 1 year post-CSII commencement decreased significantly, HbA1c SD pre-CSII versus post-CSII 0.7%±0.5% (8±5 mmol/mol) vs 0.4%±0.4% (5±4 mmol/mol); p<0.001, and HbA1c CV 9.2%±5.5% (13±8 mmol/mol) vs 6.1%±3.9% (9±5 mmol/mol); p<0.001.ConclusionsIn clinical practice with T1DM adults relative to MDI, CSII therapy is associated with lower HbA1c GV.

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Bozic, Dragana, Ljubinko Jovanovic, Vera Raicevic, Danijela Pavlovic, Marija Saric-Krsmanovic i Sava Vrbnicanin. "The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on Datura stramonium L., Abutilon theophrasti Med., Onopordon acanthium L. and Verbascum thapsus L. seed germination". Pesticidi i fitomedicina 29, nr 3 (2014): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif1403205b.

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The effects of several bacterial media [Bacillus licheniformis population 1 (MO1); B. licheniformis population 2 (MO2); B. subtilis (MO3); B. megatherium (MO4); humates (MO5)] on seed germination of Datura stramonium L., Abutilon theophrasti Med., Onopordon acanthium L. and Verbascum thapsus L. were tested. Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes containing solutions with different bacterial media. The highest germination percentage in all treatments was recorded for V. thapsus seeds (100.0%). Different treatments had diverse effects (stimulative or inhibitory) on seed germination of D. stramonium [from 5% (MO1) to 13.3% (MO3), with 10.0 % in H20], A. theophrasti [from 28.3% (MO3) to 65.0% (MO5), with 43.3 % in H20] and O. acanthium [from 10.0% (MO2) to 13.3% (MO1 and MO3), with 6.7% in H20], depending on the type of media and weed species.

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Azam, Mohsin, Lindsey Marwood, Khalida Ismail, Tyrrell Evans, Sobha Sivaprasad, Kirsty Winkley i Stephanie Anne Amiel. "Diabetes Complications at Presentation and One Year by Glycated Haemoglobin at Diagnosis in a Multiethnic and Diverse Socioeconomic Population: Results from the South London Diabetes Study". Journal of Diabetes Research 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/587673.

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Background. WHO’s recommendation ofHbA1c≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%) as diagnostic for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was adopted by three UK London boroughs in May 2012. The South London Diabetes (SOUL-D) study has recruited people with newly diagnosed T2DM since 2008. We compared participants diagnosed before May 2012 withHbA1c<48 mmol/mol to those with diagnosticHbA1c≥48 mmol/mol.Methods. A prospective cohort study of newly diagnosed T2DM participants from 96 primary care practices, comparing demographic and biomedical variables between those with diagnosticHbA1c<48 mmol/mol orHbA1c≥48 mmol/mol at recruitment and after one year.Results. Of 1488 participants, 22.8% had diagnosticHbA1c<48 mmol/mol. They were older and more likely to be white (p<0.05). At recruitment and one year, there were no between-group differences in the prevalence of diabetic complications, except that those diagnosed withHbA1c<48 mmol/mol had more sensory neuropathy at recruitment (p=0.039) and, at one year, had new myocardial infarction (p=0.012) but less microalbuminuria (p=0.012).Conclusions. Use ofHbA1c≥48 mmol/mol as the sole T2DM diagnostic criterion may miss almost a quarter of those previously diagnosed in South London yetHbA1c<48 mmol/mol may not exclude clinically important diabetes.

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Stenberg, Erik, Eva Rask, Eva Szabo, Ingmar Näslund i Johan Ottosson. "The Effect of Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery on Insulin Resistance and Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c: a 2-Year Follow-up Study". Obesity Surgery 30, nr 9 (20.04.2020): 3489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-04599-w.

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Abstract Background Bariatric surgery improves insulin sensitivity and secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes, but the effect on patients with prediabetes or even normal glucose tolerance deserves further consideration. Methods Cohort study including patients operated with laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (LRYGB) between November 2012 and June 2017 at the Örebro University Hospital (n = 813) with follow-up of 742 patients 2 years after surgery. Fasting insulin, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were analyzed at baseline and 2 years after surgery for patients with overt type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, or non-diabetes. Results Fasting insulin levels improved for all groups (diabetics baseline 25.5 mIU/L, IQR 17.5–38.0, 2 years 7.6 mIU/L, IQR 5.4–11.1, p < 0.001; prediabetics baseline 25.0 mIU/L, IQR 17.5–35.0, 2 years 6.7mIU/L, IQR 5.3–8.8, p < 0.001; non-diabetics baseline 20.0 mIU/L, IQR 14.0–30.0, 2 years 6.4 mIU/L, IQR 5.0–8.5, p < 0.001). HbA1c improved in all groups (diabetics baseline 56 mmol/mol, IQR 49–74 [7.3%, IQP 6.6–8.9], 2 years 38 mmol/mol, IQR 36–47 [5.6%, IQR 5.4–6.4], p < 0.001; prediabetics baseline 40 mmol/mol, IQR 39–42 [5.8%, IQR5.7–6.0], 2 years 36 mmol/mol, IQR 34–38 [5.5%, IQR 5.3–5.6], p < 0.001; non-diabetics baseline 35 mmol/mol, IQR 33–37 [5.4%, IQR 5.2–5.5]; 2 years 34 mmol/mol, IQR 31–36 [5.3%, IQR 5.0–5.4], p < 0.001). HOMA-IR improved in all groups (diabetics baseline 9.3 mmol/mol, IQR 5.4–12.9, 2 years 1.9 mmol/mol, IQR 1.4–2.7, p < 0.001; prediabetics baseline 7.0 mmol/mol, IQR 4.3–9.9, 2 years 1.6 mmol/mol, IQR 1.2–2.1, p < 0.001; non-diabetics 4.9 mmol/mol, IQR 3.4–7.3, 2 years 1.4 mmol/mol, IQR 1.1–1.9, p < 0.001). Conclusion Insulin homeostasis and glucometabolic control improve in all patients after LRYGB, not only in diabetics but also in prediabetics and non-diabetic obese patients, and this improvement is sustained 2 years after surgery.

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Campbell, Heather M., Allison Murata, Gerald A. Charlton i Glen H. Murata. "Development and validation of prediction rules to target care intensification in veteran patients with diabetes". BMJ Health & Care Informatics 27, nr 1 (czerwiec 2020): e100130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2020-100130.

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BackgroundDiabetes affects 30.3 million people in the USA. Among these people, a major risk factor for microvascular complications is having a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) value of ≥75 mmol/mol; therefore, it would be helpful to identify patients who will obtain future HbA1c values of <75 mmol/mol.ObjectivesTo develop and validate two prediction rules among patients with diabetes having a baseline HbA1c value of ≥75 mmol/mol: (1) HbA1c measurement ever <75 mmol/mol and (2) final HbA1c measurement of <75 mmol/mol.MethodsRetrospective cohort study using a registry extracting data from the Department of Veterans Affairs’s (VA’s) electronic health records system. Baseline was 1 Jul 2013–30 June 2014; patients were followed up until 31 July 2016.ResultsOur population consisted of 145 659 patients. Across models, predictors were age, sex, minority status, baseline HbA1c value, time, HbA1c≥75 mmol/mol, receiving insulin treatment and consecutive number of HbA1c values of 75 mmol/mol. The overall likelihood of a patient ever having an HbA1c<75 mmol/mol was 73.65%; with the rule, predicted probabilities were 38.94%, 50.75% and 78.88%. The overall likelihood of patients having a final HbA1c measurement of <75 mmol/mol was 55.35%; the rule provided predicted probabilities of 29.93%, 50.17% and 68.58%.ConclusionsWithin each rule, there were similar observed and predicted tertile probabilities; maintaining HbA1c values of <75 mmol/mol resulted in probability shifts in the majority of patients. We recommend psychosocial screening for 15% of patients for whom there is less than one-third chance of maintaining HbA1c<75 mmol/mol. We plan to conduct additional research to see whether this approach helps.

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Santelices, Romulo, i Cristian Bobadilla. "Arraigamiento de estacas de Quillaja saponaria Mol. y Peumus boldus Mol". Bosque 18, nr 2 (1997): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4206/bosque.1997.v18n2-08.

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Garden, Gillian, David W. Hunt, Karen Mackie, Beverly Tuthill, Helen Griffith, David L. Russell-Jones i Roselle Herring. "HbA1c and hypoglycaemia outcomes for people with type 1 diabetes due to the introduction of a single-day structured education programme and flash glucose monitoring". British Journal of Diabetes 21, nr 1 (28.05.2021): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15277/bjd.2021.284.

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People with type 1 diabetes who met NHS England funding criteria attended an accredited, intensive one-day structured education programme and completed the online FreeStyle Libre Academy training module followed by a 30-minute healthcare professional face-to-face practical training session. HbA1c, Gold hypoglycaemia score and Diabetes Distress Screening score were documented before commencement of the intervention and at 6 months. 213 people with type 1 diabetes (52% men; average age 48 years (range 18–87)) completed the 6-month intervention. Overall mean HbA1c reduced by 6 mmol/mol (0.5%) from 62±14 mmol/mol (7.8%) to 56±12 mmol/mol (7.3%) (p<0.0001). Subgroup analysis of participants with a baseline HbA1c ≥54 mmol/mol (7.1%) revealed a more dramatic reduction of 10 mmol/mol (0.9%) from 69±12 mmol/mol (8.5%) to 59±11 mmol/mol (7.6%). No deterioration was demonstrated for people with HbA1c <54 mmol/mol (7.1%). 143 people (75%) reported a reduction in hypoglycaemia episodes and 162 (85%) reported a reduction in time spent in the hypoglycaemic range. There was significant improvement in the Gold score (p<0.0001) and Diabetes Distress Screening score (p=0.0001). Rates of hospital admissions, paramedic call-outs and third-party assistance were reduced. The combination of a one-day intensive structured education programme alongside flash glucose monitoring initiation provides a pragmatic, cost-effective and easily implemented intervention with positive clinical outcomes at 6 months.

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Pedersen, Inge Kryger. "Annemarie Mol". Tidsskrift for Professionsstudier 17, nr 32 (23.02.2021): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tfp.v17i32.125164.

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Turudic, Daniel, Anja Tea Golubic, Mila Lovric, Marko Bilic i Danko Milosevic. "Age-Specific Excretion of Calcium, Oxalate, Citrate, and Glycosaminoglycans and Their Ratios in Healthy Children and Children with Urolithiasis". Biomolecules 11, nr 5 (19.05.2021): 758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11050758.

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We analyzed children with urolithiasis with age- and gender-matched healthy children. Calcium (mmol/mmol creatinine) and the calcium/citrate ratio (mol/mmol) are the only variables that differentiate children before puberty from healthy children (ROC analysis confirmed only calcium/citrate as a significant variable with cut-off value > 0.84). Peri-pubertal children are distinguished from age- and gender-matched healthy children by the following variables: citrate (mmol/mol creatinine), calcium/citrate (mol/mmol), oxalate/glycosaminoglycans (mmol/g), oxalate/citrate ratios (mmol/mmol) and oxalate/(citrate × glycosaminoglycans) (mol oxalate × mol creatinine)/(mol citrate × g glycosaminoglycans). All variables were confirmed by ROC analysis with cut-off values ≤ 327.87, >1.02, >11.24, >0.12 and >0.03, respectively. These results indicate a different risk of urinary stones development before puberty vs. pubertal/postpubertal children and increasing importance (deficiency) of citrate and glycosaminoglycans in such children. J48 classifier confirmed the importance of the oxalate/(citrate × glycosaminoglycans) and the calcium/citrate ratios (Ox/Cit × GAG 0.22 and Cit/GAG 0.612) with the practically applicable classification tree for distinguishing between pubertal/postpubertal children with urolithiasis with age- and gender-matched healthy children.

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Jeong, Hyun Keun, Hyun Do Jeong, Ki Chang Nam, Geun Yeong Jang i Ho Chul Kim. "Comparative Analysis of Quantitative Signal Intensity between 1.0 mol and 0.5 mol MR Contrast Agent". Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers 52, nr 12 (25.12.2015): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5573/ieie.2015.52.12.134.

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Gill, Arashpreet, M. David Gothard i Kathaleen Briggs Early. "Glycemic outcomes among rural patients in the type 1 diabetes T1D Exchange registry, January 2016–March 2018: a cross-sectional cohort study". BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 10, nr 1 (styczeń 2022): e002564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002564.

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IntroductionDoes rural status influence glycemic outcomes among participants in the type 1 diabetes T1D Exchange clinic registry?Research design and methodsData from the T1D Exchange clinic registry between January 2016 and March 2018 were identified by rural–urban status and stratified by age and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Multivariable regression modeling was performed to isolate HbA1c differences. A full model including all significant (p<0.05 via two-sided testing) differential factors was determined with an additional indicator for rural status, and adjusted for duration of diabetes, use of continuous glucose monitoring device, age, race/ethnicity, and private insurance status. The model was reduced using backwards elimination stepwise procedures until only significant factors remained.ResultsMean HbA1c levels for all rural participants were significantly higher (8.71%; 72 mmol/mol) compared with the urban group (8.48%; 69 mmol/mol), p<0.001. For youth under 13 years of age, rural participants had a higher mean HbA1c (8.65%; 71 mmol/mol) compared with urban (8.45% 69 mmol/mol), p=0.022. Rural youth (13–<18 years) had a higher mean HbA1c (9.39%; 79 mmol/mol) than urban youth (9.14%; 76 mmol/mol), p<0.001. Rural young adults (18–<26 years) had a higher mean HbA1c (9.07%; 76 mmol/mol) than urban young adults (8.88%; 74 mmol/mol), p=0.042. Rural adults (≥26 years; n=589) were the only group that did not have a higher mean HbA1c (7.76%, 61.3 mmol) than urban adults (n=4770; 7.72%, 60.9 mmol/mol), p=0.503. Rural locale was highly significant (beta=0.175, p<0.001) despite controlling for potentially confounding differences between rural and urban groups.ConclusionsAmong this T1D Exchange cohort, there is a pattern of higher mean HbA1c being associated with rural status, even after adjustment for characteristic differences, most strikingly among those under 26 years of age. This disparity and contributing factors need to be more thoroughly studied to provide effective solutions.

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Rodríguez-Placeres, Cesar, Graciliano Ruiz-Cabrera, Ana Alloza i Agustin Arévalo. "Polarographic study of the mixed complexes of Cd(II) with oxalate and malonate ions". Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 53, nr 3 (1988): 506–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19880506.

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The coordinated mixed Cd(II)-oxalate-malonate system has been polarographically studied in aqueous medium. The ionic strength has been maintained constant at μ = 1.0 mol l-1 by using NaClO4. The overall stability constants, determined by using the Schaap and McMasters method, for the coordinated species [Cd(ox)(mal)]2-, [Cd(ox)(mal)2]4- and [Cd(ox)2(mal)]4- are respectively β11 = 1.3 . 104 l2 mol-2, β12 = 5.0 . 104 l3 mol-3 and β21 = 8.7 . 104 l3 mol-3. The various coordination equilibria are discussed on the basis of statistical aspects.

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van der Hagen, Eline A. E., Sanne Leppink, Karin Bokkers, Carla Siebelder i Cas W. Weykamp. "Evaluation of the ARKRAY HA-8190V instrument for HbA1c". Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 59, nr 5 (24.12.2020): 965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2020-1300.

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Abstract Objectives Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a valuable parameter in the monitoring of diabetic patients and increasingly in diagnosis of diabetes. Manufacturers continuously optimize instruments, currently the main focus is to achieve faster turnaround times. It is important that performance specifications remain of high enough standard, which is evaluated in this study for the new ARKRAY HA-8190V instrument. Methods The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocols EP-5, EP-9 and EP-10 were applied to investigate imprecision, bias and linearity. In addition potential interferences, performance in External Quality Assessment (EQA) and performance against the HA-8180V instrument in 220 clinical samples was evaluated. Results The HA-8190V demonstrates a CV of ≤0.8% in IFCC SI units (≤0.6% National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program [NGSP]) at 34 and 102 mmol/mol levels (5.3 and 11.5% NGSP) and a bias of −0.1 mmol/mol (−0.01% NGSP) at a concentration of 50 mmol/mol (6.7% NGSP), but with a significant slope as compared to target values. This results in a bias of −1.0 and 0.9 mmol/mol (−2.0 and 0.9% NGSP) at the 30 and 70 mmol/mol (4.9 and 8.6% NGSP) concentration level. Simulation of participation in the IFCC certification programme results in a Silver score (bias −0.1 mmol/mol, CV 1.1%). Interference in the presence of the most important Hb variants (AS, AC, AE, AD) and elevated HbA2 and HbF concentrations is less than 3 mmol/mol (0.3% NGSP) at a concentration of 50 mmol/mol (6.7% NGSP). Conclusions Analytical performance of the HA-8190V is very good, especially with respect to precision and HbA1c quantification in the presence of the most common Hb variants.

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Poo, Zi X., Ann Wright, Du Ruochen i Ravinder Singh. "Optimal first trimester HbA1c threshold to identify Singaporean women at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A pilot study". Obstetric Medicine 12, nr 2 (15.11.2018): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753495x18795984.

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This pilot study examined the use of early HbA1c in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Singapore. One hundred and fifty-one pregnant women with a gestational age of under 14 weeks had an HbA1c test measured with their antenatal bloods prior to a second trimester oral glucose tolerance test. Patient characteristics and pregnancy outcome data were collected. Gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence was 11%. A receiver operating characteristic curve showed an HbA1c level of 5.2% (33 mmol/mol), had an 82% sensitivity, 72% specificity, 97% negative predictive value and 27% positive predictive value to predict gestational diabetes mellitus. Women with HbA1c of 5.2% (33 mmol/mol) or over 5.2% (33 mmol/mol) were older, had higher BMI and were less likely to be Chinese than those with HbA1c less than 5.2% (33 mmol/mol). There was no difference in pregnancy outcomes. Early HbA1c less than 5.2% (33 mmol/mol) may be useful to exclude low-risk Singaporean women from further testing, while those with HbA1c of 5.2% (33 mmol/mol) or greater would still need a oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks’ gestation.

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Haberko, Krzysztof, Waldemar Pyda, Jan Piekarczyk i Miroslaw M. Bucko. "Effect of Carbon Reduction on the Properties of 13 mol% Tio23 mol% Y2O384 mol% ZrO2". Journal of the American Ceramic Society 75, nr 5 (maj 1992): 1272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb05569.x.

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Alcock, Rebekah D., Gregory C. Shaw, Nicolin Tee, Marijke Welvaert i Louise M. Burke. "Urinary Hydroxyproline Is Only Suitable As a Biomarker for Acute Intake, Up to 6 hr Postingestion of Collagen Proteins in “Free-Living,” Healthy, Active Males". International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 29, nr 5 (1.09.2019): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0024.

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The urinary excretion of hydroxyproline (Hyp), abundant in collagen protein, may serve as a biomarker of habitual collagen intake, assisting with investigations of current interest in the role of dietary collagen intake in supporting the synthesis of collagenous body tissues. This study investigated the time course of urinary Hyp excretion in “free-living,” healthy, active males following the ingestion of a standardized bolus (20 g) of collagenous (gelatin and a hydrolyzed collagen powder) and dairy (calcium caseinate and hydrolyzed casein) proteins. The excretion of Hyp was assessed over a 24-hr period, separated into three collection periods: 0–6, 6–12, and 12–24 hr. Hyp was elevated for 0–6 hr after the consumption of collagen-containing supplements (gelatin 31.3 ± 8.8 mmol/mol and hydrolyzed collagen 33.7 ± 22.0 mmol/mol vs. baseline: gelatin 2.4 ± 1.7 mmol/mol and hydrolyzed collagen 2.8 ± 1.5 mmol/mol; p < .05), but not for the dairy protein supplements (calcium caseinate 3.4 ± 1.7 mmol/mol and hydrolyzed casein 4.0 ± 3.7 mmol/mol; p > .05). Therefore, urinary Hyp reflects an acute intake of collagenous protein, but is not suitable as a biomarker for quantifying habitual collagen intake, provided through regular dietary practices in “free-living,” healthy, active males.

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Delatour, Vincent, Noémie Clouet-Foraison, Stéphane Jaisson, Patricia Kaiser i Philippe Gillery. "Trueness assessment of HbA1c routine assays: are processed EQA materials up to the job?" Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, nr 10 (25.09.2019): 1623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2019-0219.

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Abstract Background With the worldwide increase of diabetes mellitus prevalence, ensuring that HbA1c assays are accurate is essential. External quality assessment (EQA) programs enable laboratories to verify that analytical methods perform according to the manufacturers’ specifications. However, assessing trueness requires commutable materials, a property that is rarely characterized for EQA materials. Methods The difference in bias approach was used to assess commutability of 26 processed quality control materials for 17 of the most frequently used HbA1c assays. Involved assays included immuno-assays, enzymatic assays, affinity, ion-exchange HPLC boronate affinity HPLC and capillary electrophoresis. The measurements were performed at manufacturers or expert laboratories. Assay trueness was additionally assessed against the IFCC reference measurement procedure using fresh clinical specimens that were distributed to 450 medical laboratories. Results Commutability of processed EQA materials was highly heterogeneous and globally insufficient to rigorously assess the trueness of HbA1c assays. Using fresh clinical specimens, mean bias was −0.13 mmol/mol for low HbA1c (34 mmol/mol), between +1.0 and +1.3 mmol/mol for intermediate HbA1c (49 and 58 mmol/mol) and +1.2 mmol/mol for elevated HbA1c (90 mmol/mol). Conclusions This study demonstrates that due to insufficient commutability, most processed EQA materials are unsuitable to assess trueness of HbA1c assays and agreement between the different assays. These materials can only provide information on comparability of individual laboratory results with its peers and on assay precision. Using fresh whole blood samples, this study additionally shows that most HbA1c assays are fairly accurate and meet the total allowable error quality target of 5 mmol/mol.

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Fernández-Castro, B., L. Anderson, E. Marañón, S. Neuer, B. Ausín, M. González-Dávila, J. M. Santana-Casiano i in. "Regional differences in modelled net production and shallow remineralization in the North Atlantic subtropical Gyre". Biogeosciences Discussions 8, nr 6 (22.12.2011): 12477–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-12477-2011.

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Abstract. We used 5-year concomitant data of tracers distribution from the BATS (Bermuda Time-series Study) and ESTOC (European Station for Time-Series in the Ocean, Canary Islands) sites to build a 1-D tracer model conservation including horizontal advection and compute net production and shallow remineralization rates at both sites. Net production rates computed below the mixed layer to 110 m from April to December for oxygen, dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrate at BATS (1.34 ± 0.79 mol O2 m−2, −1.73 ± 0.52 mol C m−2 and −125 ± 36 mmol N m−2) showed no statistically significant differences compared to ESTOC (1.03 ± 0.62 mol O2 m−2, −1.42 ± 0.30 mol C m−2 and −213 ± 56 mmol N m−2). Shallow remineralization rates between 110 and 250 m computed at ESTOC (−3.9 ± 1.0 mol O2 m−2, 1.53 ± 0.43 mol C m−2 and 38 ± 155 mmol N m−2) were statistically higher for oxygen compared to BATS (−1.81 ± 0.37 mol O2 m−2, 1.52 ± 0.30 mol C m−2 and 147 ± 43 mmol N m−2). Lateral advection, which was more significant at ESTOC, was responsible for the differences in estimated oxygen remineralization rates between both stations. Due to the relevance of the horizontal transport at ESTOC, we cannot assert that the differences in shallow remineralization rates computed for both stations can explain the observed descrepancies in the flux of sinking organic matter.

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Li, Yu-Hsuan, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Wen-Jane Lee, I.-Te Lee, Shih-Yi Lin, Wen-Lieng Lee, Kae-Woei Liang i Jun-Sing Wang. "Testing for HbA1c, in addition to the oral glucose tolerance test, in screening for abnormal glucose regulation helps to reveal patients with early β-cell function impairment". Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 56, nr 8 (26.07.2018): 1345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2017-0846.

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Abstract Background: The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is recommended to screen for diabetes in patients with coronary artery disease. We hypothesized that testing for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), in addition to the OGTT, in screening for abnormal glucose regulation may help to reveal patients with β-cell function impairment. Methods: Patients with no history of diabetes who were admitted for coronary angiography were recruited to undergo an OGTT and HbA1c test 2–4 weeks after hospital discharge. β-cell function and insulin resistance were assessed using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-β and HOMA-IR, respectively). For patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) based on the OGTT, we compared HOMA-β between two subgroups of patients using an HbA1c cutoff of 39 mmol/mol or 42 mmol/mol. For patients with prediabetes based on an OGTT, we compared the HOMA-β between two subgroups of patients using an HbA1c cutoff of 48 mmol/mol. Results: A total of 1044 patients were analyzed. In patients with NGT by OGTT (n=432), those with an HbA1c ≥42 mmol/mol had a lower HOMA-β compared to those with an HbA1c <42 mmol/mol (107±82 vs. 132±96, p=0.018). In patients with prediabetes by OGTT (n=423), those with an HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol had a lower HOMA-β compared to those with an HbA1c <48 mmol/mol (91±52 vs. 120±88, p=0.003). No significant between-group difference in HOMA-IR was noted. Conclusions: The use of HbA1c in addition to the OGTT in screening for abnormal glucose regulation helped to reveal patients with early β-cell function impairment.

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Stimson, Roland H., Anna R. Dover, Stuart A. Ritchie, Rohana J. Wright, John A. McKnight, Nicola N. Zammitt i Fraser W. Gibb. "HbA1c response and hospital admissions following commencement of flash glucose monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetes". BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 8, nr 1 (lipiec 2020): e001292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001292.

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IntroductionOur aim was to assess the effect of introducing flash monitoring in adults with type 1 diabetes with respect to change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and frequency of hospital admissions.Research design and methodsProspective observational study of adults with type 1 diabetes in our center, in whom a prescription for a flash monitoring sensor was collected. Primary outcome was change in HbA1c between 2016 and after flash monitoring. Rates of hospital admission were compared between the first year after flash monitoring and the corresponding 12-month period 2 years earlier.ResultsApproximately half of all adults with type 1 diabetes, attending our center, collected prescriptions for flash monitoring sensors (n=2216). Median fall in HbA1c was −1 (−0.1) mmol/mol (%) (p<0.001) and was greatest in those with baseline HbA1c >75 (9.0) mmol/mol (%): −10 (−0.9) mmol/mol (%), p<0.001. 43% of those with a baseline HbA1c >53 mmol/mol (7%) experienced a ≥5 mmol/mol (0.5%) fall in HbA1c. In addition to higher HbA1c, early commencement within 1 month of NHS-funded flash monitoring (p<0.001), and male gender (p=0.013) were associated with a fall in HbA1c of ≥5 (0.5) mmol/mol (%). Socioeconomic deprivation (p=0.009) and collecting fewer than 2 sensors per month (p=0.002) were associated with lack of response. Overall, hospital admissions did not change but an increase in admissions for hypoglycemia was observed (1.1% vs 0.3%, p=0.026).ConclusionsFlash monitoring is associated with reduction in HbA1c in individuals with HbA1c >58 mmol/mol. Numerous clinical features are independently associated with HbA1c response. An increase in hypoglycemia admissions occurred following flash monitoring.

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Heald, A., S. Anderson, A. Khan, J. Stocker, S. Davies, K. Bliss, M. Livingston i P. Donnelly. "Success Rates in a Diabetes Specialist Nurse-Led Education Programme: Re-setting the Glucostat". Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes 125, nr 05 (28.10.2016): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-108055.

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Abstract Analysis of National Diabetes Audit data from 2011–2012 of newly diagnosed people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) found low initial success rates in much of the UK at 20% on initial training, while an unusually high success rate of 75% achieving target HbA1C<58 mmol/mol (< 7.5%) was found in Cheshire (England average=40.8%). We present a review of the approach taken by the Cheshire Diabetes team in the 12 months following diagnosis. Between 2012 and 2013, 15 consecutive newly diagnosed people with type 1 DM were followed up for 18 months. All received support and advice by community Diabetes Specialist Nurses (DSNs) and Dieticians covering Central and Eastern Cheshire, UK. Mean±SD age at diagnosis was 23±3 years. The period of contact with the DSN service varied from 7–12 weeks. Baseline HbA1C of 99 mmol/mol [11.2%] (95% CI: 86–111 mmol/mol [10.0–12.3%]) declined by ~50% to 49 mmol/mol [6.6%] (41–57 mmol/mol [5.9–7.4%]; F=16.9, p<0.001) at 6 months and did not change between 6–12 months. Of those newly diagnosed with type 1 DM, 84.6% achieved a target HbA1C<58 mmol/mol (<7.5%) and 61.5% met a target<48 mmol/mol (<6.5%). There was no significant weight change during the study. The key elements of this bio-psycho-social approach by the DSN team included providing psychological support, patient engagement, demonstrating positive regard, gaining trust, identifying health-seeking behaviour, providing key decision-making skills and developing a self-management plan. This resulted in improvements in overall glycaemic control well above the national average without untoward weight gain. The UK National Diabetes Audit (2011–2012) in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetics in Cheshire, UK, showed a success rate at 6 months post-diagnosis of 75% achieving a target HbA1C<58 mmol/mol (<7.5%) compared with the national average of 40.8%. Initially thought to be erroneous, these excellent results were confirmed. The approach taken to achieve them is herein described.

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Sidorov, N. V., M. N. Palatnikov, A. A. Kruk, A. A. Yanichev, O. V. Makarova, N. A. Teplyakova i O. Yu Pikoul. "Optical properties of LiNbO3:Mg(5.21 mol %) and LiNbO3:Fe(0.009 mol %):Mg(5.04 mol %) crystals". Optics and Spectroscopy 116, nr 2 (luty 2014): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x14020234.

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Dørflinger, Gry Høst, Charlotte Brink Holt, Steffen Thiel, Jakob Appel Østergaard i Troels Krarup Hansen. "Effect of Optimization of Glycaemic Control on Mannan-Binding Lectin in Type 1 Diabetes". Journal of Diabetes Research 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1249729.

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Objective. Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) concentration in plasma is increased in subjects with type 1 diabetes and associated with increased mortality and risk of diabetic nephropathy. Recent findings show that pancreas transplantation reduces MBL concentration. Whether the increased MBL concentration is reversed by improved glycaemic control remains unknown. We investigated the effects of improved glycaemic control on MBL concentration in patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods. We measured MBL, fructosamine, and HbA1cat baseline and after 6 weeks in 52 type 1 diabetic patients following the change from conventional insulin therapy to insulin pump therapy. Results. After initiation of insulin pump therapy, the total daily insulin dose was significantly reduced (from 51 ± 18 IE/day to 39 ± 13 IE/day, P<0.0001). There was a significant decrease in HbA1c from 8.6% to 7.7% (from 70 mmol/mol to 61 mmol/mol, P<0.0001) and in fructosamine levels (from 356 μmol/L to 311 μmol/L, P<0.0001). MBL levels decreased by 10% from 2165 μg/L (IQR 919–3389 μg/L) at baseline to 1928 μ/L (IQR 811–2758 μg/L) at follow-up (P=0.005), but MBL change was not significantly correlated with changes in insulin dose, HbA1c, or fructosamine. Conclusions. MBL concentration decreased following the initiation of insulin pump therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes and did not correlate with changes in glycaemic control.

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Takeda, N., T. Oizumi, T. Tsuji, S. Akao, K. Takayanagi, N. Nakaso i K. Yamanaka. "Deep Sub-micro $$\hbox {mol}{\cdot }\hbox {mol}^{-1}$$ mol · mol - 1 Water-Vapor Measurement by Dual-Ball SAW Sensors for Temperature Compensation". International Journal of Thermophysics 36, nr 12 (23.08.2015): 3440–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10765-015-1967-3.

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Rabie, G., A. Ibrahim, A. Abdelghany i Ahmed Hammad. "Effect of Gamma-Irradiation on Optical Properties of Glass Composition x mol%(Li2O) (30-x) mol%(Na2O) 65 mol%(B2O3):5 mol%(Sm2O3)". Journal of Scientific Research in Science 34, part1 (1.09.2018): 258–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jsrs.2018.14049.

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Hermansen, K. "Effects of galanin on the release of insulin, glucagon and somatostatin from the isolated, perfused dog pancreas". Acta Endocrinologica 119, nr 1 (wrzesień 1988): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1190091.

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Abstract. Galanin is a 29 amino acid peptide which has been found in intrapancreatic nerves. The effects of galanin, adrenergic and cholinergic blockade as well as somatostatin on the hormone release from the isolated perfused dog pancreas were studied. It was found that galanin dose-dependently inhibited insulin (P < 0.001) and somatostatin (P < 0.001) but not glucagon secretion at normal glucose levels. The lowest galanin concentration that caused a significant suppression of insulin and somatostatin secretion was 10−11and 10−10 mol/l, respectively. Similar effects were evident during stimulation with 2.5 mmol/l arginine. Galanin (10−9 mol/l) caused a more pronounced inhibition of insulin and somatostatin secretion at high (10 mmol/l) and normal (5 mmol/l) than at low glucose (1.3 mmol/l). In contrast, suppression of the glucagon secretion was only seen at low glucose (1.3 mmol/l). Perfusion of 10−6 mol/l of atropine, phentolamine and propranolol had no effect on the galanin-mediated (10−10 mol/l) inhibition of insulin and somatostatin secretion. Galanin (10−12–10−10 mol/l) and somatostatin (10−12 – 10−10 mol/l) were equipotent in inhibiting insulin secretion whereas only somatostatin exerted a suppression of the glucagon secretion at normal glucose. Thus, galanin exerts a differential effect on islet hormone secretion and may participate in the hormonal control of insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion.

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Balintescu, Anca, Marcus Lind, Mikael Andersson Franko, Anders Oldner, Maria Cronhjort, Ann-Marie Svensson, Björn Eliasson i Johan Mårtensson. "Glycemic Control and Risk of Sepsis and Subsequent Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes". Diabetes Care 45, nr 1 (28.12.2021): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc21-1050.

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OBJECTIVE To investigate the nature of the relationship between HbA1c and sepsis among individuals with type 2 diabetes, and to assess the association between sepsis and all-cause mortality in such patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 502,871 individuals with type 2 diabetes recorded in the Swedish National Diabetes Register and used multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline analyses to assess the association between time-updated HbA1c values and sepsis occurrence between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2015. The association between sepsis and death was examined using multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Overall, 14,534 (2.9%) patients developed sepsis during the study period. On multivariable Cox regression analysis, compared with an HbA1c of 48–52 mmol/mol (6.5–6.9%), the adjusted hazard ratio for sepsis was 1.15 (95% CI 1.07–1.24) for HbA1c <43 mmol/mol (6.1%), 0.93 (0.87–0.99) for HbA1c 53–62 mmol/mol (7.0–7.8%), 1.05 (0.97–1.13) for HbA1c 63–72 mmol/mol (7.9–8.7%), 1.14 (1.04–1.25) for HbA1c 73–82 mmol/mol (8.8–9.7%), and 1.52 (1.37–1.68) for HbA1c >82 mmol/mol (9.7%). In the cubic spline model, a reduction of the adjusted risk was observed within the lower HbA1c range until 53 mmol/mol (7.0%), with a hazard ratio of 0.78 (0.73–0.82) per SD; it increased thereafter (P for nonlinearity <0.001). As compared with patients without sepsis, the adjusted hazard ratio for death among patients with sepsis was 4.16 (4.03–4.30). CONCLUSIONS In a nationwide cohort of individuals with type 2 diabetes, we found a U-shaped association between HbA1c and sepsis and a fourfold increased risk of death among those developing sepsis.

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Yahyavi, Sam Kafai, Ole Snorgaard, Filip Krag Knop, Morten Schou, Christina Lee, Christian Selmer, Gunnar Gislason, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Martin Blomberg Jensen i Anders Nissen Bonde. "Prediabetes Defined by First Measured HbA1c Predicts Higher Cardiovascular Risk Compared With HbA1c in the Diabetes Range: A Cohort Study of Nationwide Registries". Diabetes Care 44, nr 12 (21.10.2021): 2767–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc21-1062.

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OBJECTIVE To assess the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality, and initiation of medical treatment in subjects with prediabetes according to first-time measured HbA1c. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Through registry databases, we identified 326,305 Danish patients with a first HbA1c between 40 and 51 mmol/mol (5.8–6.8%) from 2011 to 2017. After exclusion of patients with prior disease, 84,678 patients were followed 12 months after first HbA1c measurement. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of MACE and standardized absolute risks. Cumulative incidences were used to analyze initiation of glucose-lowering, antihypertensive, cholesterol-lowering, and antithrombotic medication. RESULTS The 12-month risk of MACE and all-cause mortality increased gradually with increasing HbA1c until 47 mmol/mol (6.5%). In comparisons of subjects with HbA1c 40–41 mmol/mol (5.8–5.9%), subjects with HbA1c 46–47 mmol/mol (6.4–6.5%) had a 0.79% (95% CI 0.33–1.24) higher standardized absolute risk and an HR of 2.21 (95% CI 1.67–2.92) of MACE. Patients with HbA1c 48–49 mmol/mol (6.5–6.6%) had a 0.09% (95% CI −0.35 to 0.52) lower absolute risk and an HR of 1.33 (95% CI 0.87–2.05) of MACE. Initiation of medication was significantly lower among patients with HbA1c of 46–47 mmol/mol (6.4–6.5%) than among patients with HbA1c of 48–49 mmol/mol (6.5–6.6%). CONCLUSIONS In the Danish population screened for diabetes with HbA1c, the highest risk of MACE and all-cause mortality was found in subjects with HbA1c just below the diagnostic threshold for diabetes. Our results highlight the need for increased focus on the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors for subjects with prediabetes.

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Wada, Eri, Takeshi Onoue, Tomoko Kobayashi, Tomoko Handa, Ayaka Hayase, Masaaki Ito, Mariko Furukawa i in. "Flash glucose monitoring helps achieve better glycemic control than conventional self-monitoring of blood glucose in non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial". BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 8, nr 1 (czerwiec 2020): e001115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001115.

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IntroductionThe present study aimed to evaluate the effects of flash glucose monitoring (FGM) and conventional self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsIn this 24-week, multicenter, open-label, randomized (1:1), parallel-group study, patients with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes at five hospitals in Japan were randomly assigned to the FGM (n=49) or SMBG (n=51) groups and were provided each device for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, and was compared using analysis of covariance model that included baseline values and group as covariates.ResultsForty-eight participants in the FGM group and 45 in the SMBG group completed the study. The mean HbA1c levels were 7.83% (62.1 mmol/mol) in the FGM group and 7.84% (62.2 mmol/mol) in the SMBG group at baseline, and the values were reduced in both FGM (−0.43% (−4.7 mmol/mol), p<0.001) and SMBG groups (−0.30% (−3.3 mmol/mol), p=0.001) at 12 weeks. On the other hand, HbA1c was significantly decreased from baseline values in the FGM group, but not in the SMBG group at 24 weeks (FGM: −0.46% (−5.0 mmol/mol), p<0.001; SMBG: −0.17% (−1.8 mmol/mol), p=0.124); a significant between-group difference was also observed (difference −0.29% (−3.2 mmol/mol), p=0.022). Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire score was significantly improved, and the mean glucose levels, SD of glucose, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and time in hyperglycemia were significantly decreased in the FGM group compared with the SMBG group.ConclusionsGlycemic control was better with FGM than with SMBG after cessation of glucose monitoring in patients with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.Trial registration numberUMIN000026452, jRCTs041180082.

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Fernández-Castro, B., L. Anderson, E. Marañón, S. Neuer, B. Ausín, M. González-Dávila, J. M. Santana-Casiano i in. "Regional differences in modelled net production and shallow remineralization in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre". Biogeosciences 9, nr 8 (1.08.2012): 2831–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-2831-2012.

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Abstract. We used 5-yr concomitant data of tracer distribution from the BATS (Bermuda Time-series Study) and ESTOC (European Station for Time-Series in the Ocean, Canary Islands) sites to build a 1-D tracer model conservation including horizontal advection, and then compute net production and shallow remineralization rates for both sites. Our main goal was to verify if differences in these rates are consistent with the lower export rates of particulate organic carbon observed at ESTOC. Net production rates computed below the mixed layer to 110 m from April to December for oxygen, dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrate at BATS (1.34±0.79 mol O2 m−2, −1.73±0.52 mol C m−2 and −125±36 mmol N m−2) were slightly higher for oxygen and carbon compared to ESTOC (1.03±0.62 mol O2 m−2, −1.42±0.30 mol C m−2 and −213±56 mmol N m−2), although the differences were not statistically significant. Shallow remineralization rates between 110 and 250 m computed at ESTOC (−3.9±1.0 mol O2 m−2, 1.53±0.43 mol C m−2 and 38±155 mmol N m−2) were statistically higher for oxygen compared to BATS (−1.81±0.37 mol O2 m−2, 1.52±0.30 mol C m−2 and 147±43 mmol N m−2). The lateral advective flux divergence of tracers, which was more significant at ESTOC, was responsible for the differences in estimated oxygen remineralization rates between both stations. According to these results, the differences in net production and shallow remineralization cannot fully explain the differences in the flux of sinking organic matter observed between both stations, suggesting an additional consumption of non-sinking organic matter at ESTOC.

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Fordham, Ric, Ketan Dhatariya, Rachel Stancliffe, Adam Lloyd, Mou Chatterjee, Mevin Mathew, Loveleen Taneja, Mike Gains i Ulrik Haagen Panton. "Effective diabetes complication management is a step toward a carbon-efficient planet: an economic modeling study". BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 8, nr 1 (kwiecień 2020): e001017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-001017.

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BackgroundThe management of diabetes-related complications accounts for a large share of total carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions. We assessed whether improving diabetes control in people with type 2 diabetes reduces CO2e emissions, compared with those with unchanging glycemic control.MethodsUsing the IQVIA Core Diabetes Model, we estimated the impact of maintaining glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at 7% (53 mmol/mol) or reducing it by 1% (11 mmol/mol) on total CO2e/patient and CO2e/life-year (LY). Two different cohorts were investigated: those on first-line medical therapy (cohort 1) and those on third-line therapy (cohort 2). CO2e was estimated using cost inputs converted to carbon inputs using the UK National Health Service’s carbon intensity factor. The model was run over a 50-year time horizon, discounting total costs and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) up to 5% and CO2e at 0%.ResultsMaintaining HbA1c at 7% (53 mmol/mol) reduced total CO2e/patient by 18% (1546 kgCO2e/patient) vs 13% (937 kgCO2e/patient) in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively, and led to a reduction in CO2e/LY gain of 15%–20%. Reducing HbA1c by 1% (11 mmol/mol) caused a 12% (cohort 1) and 9% (cohort 2) reduction in CO2e/patient with a CO2e/LY gain reduction of 11%–14%.ConclusionsWhen comparing people with untreated diabetes, maintaining glycemic control at 7% (53 mmol/mol) on a single agent or improving HbA1c by 1% (11 mmol/mol) by the addition of more glucose-lowering treatment was associated with a reduction in carbon emissions.

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Munda, Ana, Blažka Šturm Indihar, Gaj Okanovič, Klara Zorko, Lili Steblovnik i Draženka Pongrac Barlovič. "Maternal and perinatal outcomes during the COVID-19 epidemic in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes". Slovenian Journal of Public Health 62, nr 1 (28.12.2022): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2023-0004.

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Abstract Introduction Gestational diabetes (GDM) is one of the most common complications in pregnancy, with a prevalence that continues to rise. At the time of the COVID-19 epidemic, immediate reorganisation and adjustment of the system was needed. Telemedicine support was offered in order to provide high-quality treatment to pregnant women. However, the success of the treatment is unknown. We therefore aimed to evaluate COVID-19 epidemic effects on pregnancy outcomes in GDM. Methods The maternal outcomes (insulin treatment, gestational weight gain, caesarean section, hypertensive disorders) and perinatal outcomes (rates of large and small for gestational age, preterm birth and a composite child outcome) of women visiting a university hospital diabetes clinic from March to December 2020 were compared with those treated in the same period in 2019. Results Women diagnosed with GDM during the COVID-19 epidemic (n=417), were diagnosed earlier (23.9 [11.7–26.0] vs. 25.1 [21.8–26.7] gestational week), had higher fasting glucose (5.2 [5.0–5.4] vs. 5.1 [4.8–5.3] mmol/l) and earlier pharmacological therapy initiation, and had achieved lower HbA1c by the end of followup (5.1% (32.2 mmol/mol) [4.9% (30.1 mmol/mol)–5.4% (35.0 mmol/mol)] vs. 5.2% (33.3 mmol/mol) [5.0% (31.1 mmol/mol) – 5.4%·(35.5 mmol/mol)], p<0.001) compared to a year before (n=430). No significant differences in perinatal outcomes were found. Conclusions Although GDM was diagnosed at an earlier gestational age and higher fasting glucose concentration was present at the time of diagnosis, the COVID-19 epidemic did not result in worse glucose control during pregnancy or worse pregnancy outcomes in Slovenia.

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Ankamwar, Balaprasad, Omprakash Yemul i Shashikant Deshmukh. "Comparative Study on the Stability of Mn(III) Ion Prepared by Different Methods in H2SO4and H3PO4Media". E-Journal of Chemistry 6, s1 (2009): S225—S234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/736463.

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The time-periods required for the % of Mn(III) to disappear from the solution and the half-life of Mn(III) was studied in 7 mol dm-3H2SO4and 7 mol dm-3H3PO4media at ambient conditions at three different Mn(III) concentrationsviz. 4.98, 1.94 and 1.04 mmol dm-3using spectrophotometric method. Half-life periods in the presence of 7 mol dm-3H2SO4are more than those in presence of 7 mol dm-3H3PO4. The time-periods required for the 1% of Mn(III) to disappear that for H2SO4medium from 1.94 mmol dm-3, Mn(III) solutions prepared from solid form is about 20 days, 10 days for electro-generated Mn(III) and 6 days for chemical oxidation method.

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Barthow, Christine, Fiona Hood, Julian Crane, Mark Huthwaite, Mark Weatherall, Amber Parry-Strong i Jeremy Krebs. "A randomised controlled trial of a probiotic and a prebiotic examining metabolic and mental health outcomes in adults with pre-diabetes". BMJ Open 12, nr 3 (marzec 2022): e055214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055214.

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AimsTo evaluate the effect of the probioticLactobacillus rhamnosusHN001 and/or cereal enriched with oat-derived beta-glucan (OBG) on metabolic and mental health outcomes when administered to adults with pre-diabetes.Design2×2 factorial design randomised, parallel-groups placebo-controlled; double-blinded for probiotic, single-blinded for cereals.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling adults aged 18–80 years with pre-diabetes: glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 41–49 mmol/mol.InterventionsCapsules containingLactobacillus rhamnosus(HN001) (6×109colony-forming units/day), or placebo capsules; and cereal containing 4 g/day OBG or calorie-matched control cereal, taken daily, for 6 months. Study groups were: (A) HN001 capsules+OBG cereal; (B) HN001 capsules+control cereal; (C) placebo capsules+OBG cereal and (D) placebo capsules+control cereal.Outcome measuresPrimary outcome: HbA1cat 6 months. Secondary outcomes: fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, fasting lipids, blood pressure, body weight, waist circumference, body mass index and mental well-being.Results153 participants were randomised. There was complete HbA1coutcome data available for 129 participants. At 6 months the mean (SD) HbA1cwas 45.9 (4.4) mmol/mol, n=66 for HN001, and 46.7 (4.3) mmol/mol, n=63 for placebo capsules; 46.5 (4.0) mmol/mol, n=67 for OBG and 46.0 (4.6) mmol/mol n=62 for control cereal. The estimated difference between HN001-placebo capsules was −0.83, 95% CI −1.93 to 0.27 mmol/mol, p=0.63, and between OBG-control cereals −0.17, 95% CI −1.28 to 0.94 mmol/mol, p=0.76. There was no significant interaction between treatments p=0.79. There were no differences between groups or significant interactions between treatments for any of the secondary outcomes.ConclusionsThis study found no evidence of clinical benefit from the supplementation with either HN001 and/or cereal containing 4 g OBG on HbA1cand all secondary outcomes relevant to adults with pre-diabetes.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clincial Trials Registry number ACTRN12617000990325

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Pschiebl, Simone. "Mikrovaskuläre Folgeerkrankungen des Diabetes". Diabetes aktuell 17, nr 04 (czerwiec 2019): 124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0900-7076.

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Die diabetische Nephropathie zählt zu den mikrovaskulären Folgeerkrankungen des Diabetes mellitus und weist in den letzten Jahren einen relevanten Anstieg auf. Sie ist in Deutschland zur häufigsten Ursache einer behandlungspflichtigen terminalen Niereninsuffizienz geworden und erlangt damit zunehmend auch eine gesundheitspolitische Bedeutung 1. Eine spezielle „Nierenschutzdiät“ gibt es nicht. In der Primärprävention ist ein HbA1c-Wert zwischen 6,5 % (48 mmol/mol) und 7,5 % (58 mmol/mol) anzustreben. Für Patienten mit makroangiopathischen Komplikationen und/oder Vorliegen einer Hypoglykämie-Wahrnehmungsstörung gilt der obere Zielbereich (7,0 – 7,5% [53–58 mmol/mol]) 2. Bei den Empfehlungen zur Eiweißzufuhr stößt man häufig auf Widersprüche, eine Natriumchloridbeschränkung und eine Nikotinkarenz sind in jedem Fall zu empfehlen.

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Mrozinska, Sandra, Przemysław Kapusta, Tomasz Gosiewski, Agnieszka Sroka-Oleksiak, Agnieszka H. Ludwig-Słomczyńska, Bartłomiej Matejko, Beata Kiec-Wilk i in. "The Gut Microbiota Profile According to Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Patients Treated with Personal Insulin Pumps". Microorganisms 9, nr 1 (12.01.2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9010155.

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Recently, several studies explored associations between type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and microbiota. The aim of our study was to assess the colonic microbiota structure according to the metabolic control in T1DM patients treated with insulin pumps. We studied 89 T1DM patients (50.6% women) at the median age of 25 (IQR, 22–29) years. Pielou’s evenness (p = 0.02), and Shannon’s (p = 0.04) and Simpson’s diversity indexes (p = 0.01), were higher in patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 53 mmol/mol (7%). There were no differences in beta diversity between groups. A linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) algorithm showed that one family (Ruminococcaceae) was enriched in patients with HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol, whereas one family (Streptococcaceae) and four species (Ruminococcus torques, unclassified species of Lactococcus, Eubacteroim dolichum, and Coprobacillus cateniformis) were enriched in patients with HbA1c ≥ 53 mmol/mol. We found that at class level, the following pathways according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were enriched in patients with HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol: bacterial motility proteins, secretion system, bacterial secretion system, ribosome biogenesis, translation proteins, and lipid biosynthesis, whereas in patients with HbA1c ≥ 53 mmol/mol, the galactose metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, phosphotransferase system, fructose, and mannose metabolism were enriched. Observed differences in alpha diversity, metabolic pathways, and associations between bacteria and HbA1c in colonic flora need further investigation.

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Bobzin, Kirsten, Lidong Zhao, Mehmet Öte i Thomas Frederik Linke. "Deposition and characterization of thermal barrier coatings of ZrO2–4 mol.% Y2O3–1 mol.% Gd2O3–1 mol.% Yb2O3". Surface and Coatings Technology 268 (kwiecień 2015): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.05.051.

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Duff, Christopher J., Ivonne Solis-Trapala, Owen J. Driskell, David Holland, Helen Wright, Jenna L. Waldron, Clare Ford i in. "The frequency of testing for glycated haemoglobin, HbA1c, is linked to the probability of achieving target levels in patients with suboptimally controlled diabetes mellitus". Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, nr 2 (19.12.2018): 296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0503.

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Abstract Background We previously showed, in patients with diabetes, that >50% of monitoring tests for glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) are outside recommended intervals and that this is linked to diabetes control. Here, we examined the effect of tests/year on achievement of commonly utilised HbA1c targets and on HbA1c changes over time. Methods Data on 20,690 adults with diabetes with a baseline HbA1c of >53 mmol/mol (7%) were extracted from Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory records at three UK hospitals. We examined the effect of HbA1c tests/year on (i) the probability of achieving targets of ≤53 mmol/mol (7%) and ≤48 mmol/mol (6.5%) in a year using multi-state modelling and (ii) the changes in mean HbA1c using a linear mixed-effects model. Results The probabilities of achieving ≤53 mmol/mol (7%) and ≤48 mmol/mol (6.5%) targets within 1 year were 0.20 (95% confidence interval: 0.19–0.21) and 0.10 (0.09–0.10), respectively. Compared with four tests/year, having one test or more than four tests/year were associated with lower likelihoods of achieving either target; two to three tests/year gave similar likelihoods to four tests/year. Mean HbA1c levels were higher in patients who had one test/year compared to those with four tests/year (mean difference: 2.64 mmol/mol [0.24%], p<0.001). Conclusions We showed that ≥80% of patients with suboptimal control are not achieving commonly recommended HbA1c targets within 1 year, highlighting the major challenge facing healthcare services. We also demonstrated that, although appropriate monitoring frequency is important, testing every 6 months is as effective as quarterly testing, supporting international recommendations. We suggest that the importance HbA1c monitoring frequency is being insufficiently recognised in diabetes management.

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Renz, Paula B., Fernando C. Chume, João R. T. Timm, Ana L. Pimentel i Joíza L. Camargo. "Diagnostic accuracy of glycated hemoglobin for gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, nr 10 (25.09.2019): 1435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-1191.

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Abstract Background We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to establish the overall accuracy of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and ClinicalTrials.gov up to October 2018, using keywords related to GDM, HbA1c and diagnosis. Studies were included that were carried out with pregnant women without previous diabetes that assessed the performance of HbA1c (index test) compared to the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (reference test) for the diagnosis of GDM, that measured HbA1c by standardized methods and presented data necessary for drawing 2 × 2 tables. Results This meta-analysis included eight studies, totaling 6406 pregnant women, of those 1044 had GDM. The diagnostic accuracy of HbA1c was reported at different thresholds ranging from 5.4% (36 mmol/mol) to 6.0% (42 mmol/mol), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.825 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.751–0.899), indicating a good level of overall accuracy. The pooled sensitivities and specificities were 50.3% (95% CI 24.8%–75.7%) and 83.7% (67.5%–92.7%); 24.7% (10.3%–48.5%) and 95.5% (85.7%–98.7%); 10.8% (5.7%–19.41%) and 98.7% (96.2%–99.5%); 12.9% (5.5%–27.5%) and 98.7% (97.6%–99.3%), for the cut-offs of 5.4% (36 mmol/mol), 5.7% (39 mmol/mol), 5.8% (40 mmol/mol) and 6.0% (42 mmol/mol), respectively. Conclusions We observed a high heterogeneity among the studies. The effect of ethnicities, different criteria for OGTT interpretation and the individual performance of HbA1c methods may have contributed to this heterogeneity. The HbA1c test presents high specificity but low sensitivity regardless of the threshold used to diagnose GDM. These findings point to the usefulness of HbA1c as a rule-in test. HbA1c should be used in association with other standard diagnostic tests for GDM diagnosis.

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Omar, Shobit, Waqas Bin Najib, Weiwu Chen i Nikolaos Bonanos. "Electrical Conductivity of 10 mol% Sc2O3-1 mol% M2O3-ZrO2 Ceramics". Journal of the American Ceramic Society 95, nr 6 (5.03.2012): 1965–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2012.05126.x.

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Al-Douri, A. A. J., F. S. Hasoon i L. L. Kazmerski. "Preparation and properties of InAs 50 mol%-CuInSe2 50 mol% alloy". Renewable Energy 13, nr 1 (styczeń 1998): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-1481(97)00060-8.

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Wang, Sea-Fue, Yung-Fu Hsu, Chun-Wei Chang, Yi-Le Liao, Jian-Hua Li i Yuan-Cheng Lai. "Dielectric Properties and DC Bias Characteristics of BaTi1-mZrmO3-x mol.% MgO-4.5 mol.% Gd2O3-2 mol.% SiO2 Ceramics". Journal of Electronic Materials 50, nr 10 (28.07.2021): 5946–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-021-09103-3.

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45

Leyssens, A., S. Dijkstra, E. Van Kerkhove i P. Steels. "Mechanisms of K+ uptake across the basal membrane of malpighian tubules of Formica polyctena: the effect of ions and inhibitors." Journal of Experimental Biology 195, nr 1 (1.10.1994): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.195.1.123.

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In the presence of 6 mmol l-1 Ba2+, known to block the K+ channels in the basal membrane, a rise in bath [K+] ([K+]bl) induced an increase in intracellular K+ concentration ([K+]i) similar in amount and in time course to that obtained in the absence of Ba2+. The presence of active and passive (other than through K+ channels) K+ uptake mechanisms across the basal membrane was investigated in different bath K+ concentrations. Dihydro-ouabain (10(-3) mol l-1), a blocker of the Na+/K(+)-ATPase, tested in low bath [K+], and Sch28080 (10(-4) mol l-1), a K+/H(+)-ATPase inhibitor, were without effect on fluid secretion. Dihydro-ouabain was also without effect on electrical potential differences either in the absence or in the presence of Ba2+. Vanadate (10(-3) mol l-1), in contrast, strongly reduced fluid secretion not only in control solution but also in high-K+, Na(+)-free medium and reduced the transepithelial and the apical membrane potential differences but not the basal membrane potential difference of [K+]i. Omitting Na+ from the bathing medium, replacing Cl- by Br- or applying bumetanide (10(-5) mol l-1) inhibited fluid secretion only in a low-K+ (10 mmol l-1) medium. In 51 mmol l-1 [K+]bl, omitting Na+ was without effect and 10(-4) mol l-1 bumetanide was needed to inhibit secretion. Replacing Cl- by Br- stimulated fluid secretion at this K+ concentration. Bumetanide (10(-4) mol l-1) had no effect in 113 mmol l-1 [K+]bl. Bumetanide (10(-4) mol l-1) in 51 mmol l-1 [K+]bl did not affect membrane potentials, did not lower [K+]i and did not affect the rise in [K+]i observed on an increase in [K+]bl. The results were summarized in a model proposing that K+ channels play a dominant role in high-K+ (113 mmol l-1) bathing medium. A K+/Cl- cotransporter may become more important in 51 mmol l-1 [K+]bl and a K+/Na+/2Cl- cotransporter may gain in importance in 10 mmol l-1 [K+]bl. Active mechanisms for K+ uptake across the basal membrane seem to play no detectable role in sustaining fluid secretion. The response to vanadate might be due to an effect on the apical electrogenic H+ pump.

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Jiang, Yuning, Yanzheng Cai, Sen Hu, Xiaoyu Guo, Ye Ying, Ying Wen, Yiping Wu i Haifeng Yang. "Construction of Au@Metal-organic framework for sensitive determination of creatinine in urine". Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 14, nr 04 (6.05.2021): 2141003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793545821410030.

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Creatinine level in urine is an important biomarker for renal function diseases, such as renal failure, glomerulonephritis, and chronic nephritis. The Au@MIL-101(Fe) was prepared by in situ growth of Au nanoparticles in MIL-101(Fe) as a selective SERS substrate. The Au@MIL-101(Fe) offers the great local surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect due to gold nanoparticles aggregation inside metal-organic frameworks. The framework structure could enrich trace target samples and drag them into SPR hot spots. The optimal Au@MIL-101(Fe) composite substrate is used for analyzing creatinine in urine and the limit of detection is down to 0.1[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L and a linear relationship is ranging from 1[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L to 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mol/L.

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Gordon, Jason, Phil McEwan, Iskandar Idris, Marc Evans i Jorge Puelles. "Treatment choice, medication adherence and glycemic efficacy in people with type 2 diabetes: a UK clinical practice database study". BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 6, nr 1 (maj 2018): e000512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2018-000512.

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ObjectiveUsing primary care data obtained from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, this retrospective cohort study examined the relationships between medication adherence and clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsData were extracted for patients treated between 2008 and 2016, and stratified by oral antihyperglycemic agent (OHA) line of therapy (mono, dual or triple therapy). Patients were monitored for up to 365 days; associations between medication possession ratio (MPR) and outcomes at 1 year (glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight and hypoglycemia incidence) were assessed using linear regression modeling and descriptive analyses.ResultsIn total, 33 849 patients were included in the study (n=23 925 OHA monotherapy; n=8406 OHA dual therapy; n=1518 OHA triple therapy). One-year change in HbA1c was greater among adherent (−0.90 to −1.14%; −9.8 to −12.5 mmol/mol) compared with non-adherent patients (−0.49 to −0.69%; −5.4 to −7.5 mmol/mol). On average, adherent patients had higher hypoglycemia event rates than non-adherent patients (rate ratios of 1.24, 1.10 and 2.06 for OHA mono, dual and triple therapy cohorts, respectively) and experienced greater weight change from baseline. A 10% improvement in MPR was associated with −0.09% (−1.0 mmol/mol), −0.09% (−1.0 mmol/mol) and −0.21% (−2.3 mmol/mol) changes in HbA1c for OHA mono, dual and triple therapy cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsFor patients with type 2 diabetes, increasing medication adherence can bring about meaningful improvements in HbA1c control as the requirement for treatment escalation increases. Regimens associated with weight loss and the avoidance of hypoglycemia were generally associated with better medication adherence and improved glycemic control.

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Boels, Anne Meike, Rimke C. Vos, Lioe-Ting Dijkhorst-Oei i Guy E. H. M. Rutten. "Effectiveness of diabetes self-management education and support via a smartphone application in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized controlled trial (TRIGGER study)". BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 7, nr 1 (grudzień 2019): e000981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000981.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of diabetes self-management education and support via a smartphone app in individuals with type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy.Research design and methodsOpen two-arm multicenter parallel randomized controlled superiority trial. The intervention group (n=115) received theory and evidence-based self-management education and support via a smartphone app (optionally two or six times per week, once daily at different times). The control group (n=115) received care as usual. Primary outcome: HbA1c at 6 months. Other outcomes included HbA1c ≤53 mmol/mol (≤7%) without any hypoglycemic event, body mass index, glycemic variability, dietary habits and quality of life. We performed multiple imputation and regression models adjusted for baseline value, age, sex, diabetes duration and insulin dose.ResultsSixty-six general practices and five hospital outpatient clinics recruited 230 participants. Baseline HbA1c was comparable between groups (8.1% and 8.3%, respectively). At 6 months, the HbA1c was 63.8 mmol/mol (8.0%) in the intervention vs 66.2 mmol/mol (8.2%) in the control group; adjusted difference −0.93 mmol/mol (−0.08%), 95% CI −4.02 to 2.17 mmol/mol (−0.37% to 0.20%), p=0.557. The odds for achieving an HbA1c level ≤7% without any hypoglycemic event was lower in the intervention group: OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.33 to 2.35. There was no effect on secondary outcomes. No adverse events were reported.ConclusionsThis smartphone app providing diabetes self-management education and support had small and clinically not relevant effects. Apps should be more personalized and target individuals who think the app will be useful for them.Trial registration numberNTR5515.

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Fisher, Eldad, Liora Lazar, Shlomit Shalitin, Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan, Liat de Vries, Tal Oron, Ariel Tenenbaum, Moshe Phillip i Yael Lebenthal. "Association between Glycemic Control and Clinic Attendance in Emerging Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Tertiary Center Experience". Journal of Diabetes Research 2018 (9.07.2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9572817.

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Aims. The transition of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) from pediatric diabetes clinics to adult clinics between 18 and 21 years of age could result in decreased clinic attendance and thus worsen glycemic control. Our institutional policy offering surveillance till age 30 enabled us to evaluate clinic attendance without the confounding effect of transition. Our aim was to determine the association between glycemic control (HbA1c) and attendance rate. Methods. The medical records of 261 (54% males) young adult T1D patients (median age 22.9 years) were reviewed. Patients were stratified according to the attainment/nonattainment of glycemic targets (HbA1c ≤ 7% versus HbA1c > 7% (53 mmol/mol)). The attendance rate was calculated as the number of clinic visits/number of scheduled appointments. Results. Median annual number of scheduled visits was 3 (3, 4); attendance rate was 75% (53.6%, 100%). Seventy-four (28.4%) patients attained glycemic targets (median HbA1c 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) (6.3%, 6.8% (45.51 mmol/mol)); 187 (71.6%) patients had a median HbA1c of 7.8% (62 mmol/mol) (7.4%, 8.4% (57.68 mmol/mol)). The attainment of the treatment target was more prevalent in older patients (P=0.006), in male patients (P=0.007), and in patients with higher education (P=0.017). Higher attendance rate (β (2.483), P<0.001) and male gender (β (0.746), P=0.015) were associated with better metabolic control. Conclusions. In emerging adults with T1D during the ongoing stable phase of diabetes management, higher attendance rate, rather than absolute number of clinic visits, was associated with the attainment of glycemic targets.

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Lee, Kyuhan, Shakthi Gunasinghe, Alyson Chapman, Lynne A. Findlow, Jody Hyland, Sheetal Ohol, Andrea Urwin i in. "Real-World Outcomes of Glucose Sensor Use in Type 1 Diabetes—Findings from a Large UK Centre". Biosensors 11, nr 11 (15.11.2021): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11110457.

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Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) and real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) are increasingly used in clinical practice, with improvements in HbA1c and time in range (TIR) reported in clinical studies. We aimed to evaluate the impact of FGM and RT-CGM use on glycaemic outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) under routine clinical care. We performed a retrospective data analysis from electronic outpatient records and proprietary web-based glucose monitoring platforms. We measured HbA1c (pre-sensor vs. on-sensor data) and sensor-based outcomes from the previous three months as per the international consensus on RT-CGM reporting guidelines. Amongst the 789 adults with T1DM, HbA1c level decreased from 61.0 (54.0, 71.0) mmol/mol to 57 (49, 65.8) mmol/mol in 561 people using FGM, and from 60.0 (50.0, 70.0) mmol/mol to 58.8 (50.3, 66.8) mmol/mol in 198 using RT-CGM (p < 0.001 for both). We found that 23% of FGM users and 32% of RT-CGM users achieved a time-in-range (TIR) (3.9 to 10 mmol/L) of >70%. For time-below-range (TBR) < 4 mmol/L, 70% of RT-CGM users and 58% of FGM users met international recommendations of <4%. Our data add to the growing body of evidence supporting the use of FGM and RT-CGM in T1DM.

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