Rozprawy doktorskie: „Military finance”

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Skimmyhorn, William. "Essays in Behavioral Household Finance". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10233.

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This dissertation investigates some of the factors affecting modern household finance decisions in the United States using natural experimental variation and administrative data. In Chapter 1 I estimate the effects of financial education on retirement savings decisions. Between 2007 and 2008 the U.S. Army implemented a mandatory 8 hour Personal Financial Management Course (PFMC) for new soldiers. Staggered implementation across locations and time provides quasi-experimental variation in whether an individual received the training. I find that the course has large and lasting effects on individual retirement savings in the Thrift Savings Plan, a tax-deferred account similar to a 401(k). The course doubles savings, has significant effects throughout the distribution of savings and the effects persist out to two years. The mechanism for the effects is likely a combination of both human capital and behavioral assistance. In Chapter 2 I estimate the effects of financial education on a variety of other economic behaviors. I rely on the same natural experiment as in Chapter 1 but I use individually matched credit data to estimate the effects of financial education on credit scores, credit balances for several types of accounts, monthly payments and adverse legal actions. In some areas I find that the PFMC has beneficial effects, reducing cumulative account balances (especially for automobile accounts) and aggregate monthly payments. In other areas, including credit scores, the probability of being active in the credit market and the number of adverse legal actions, the PFMC has no statistically significant effects on financial behavior. In Chapter 3 I estimate the effects of stress on financial decision-making. I use the natural variation in the casualty rates faced by individuals deploying overseas an exogenous source of stress and I measure the effects of this stress on individuals' participation in the Savings Deposit Program (SDP), a risk-free 10% annual percentage rate savings account. I find a modest and statistically significant negative relationship between the stress of casualties and SDP participation on the order of 5%. Some failures of the randomization test and the confounding effects of overall activity levels and rural locations cannot be eliminated as a source of the observed savings differences and as a result, these results should be considered suggestive evidence of the adverse effects of stress on financial decision-making.

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Nelson, Jeffrey S. "Three essays on personal financial difficulties of military members". Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18799.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Family Studies and Human Services
Sonya L. Britt and Martin Seay
This three essay dissertation examined questions related to personal financial difficulties of military members with the aim of suggesting the most effective focal points for those involved in development of policy or programs or working directly with military members on improving their personal financial condition. The introduction (Chapter 1) describes the nature of the problem, the level of attention it has received within the civilian and military leadership structure, and generally what has been done to address it before presenting an outline of the chapters which follow. The first essay (Chapter 2) relies on theoretical guidance from stress and coping theory to examine determinants of a military member’s choice of problem-focused over emotion-focused coping strategies. The study used primary data collected from a sample of soldiers (n = 688) at a large Midwestern military installation. Its results indicated that military members with an internal locus of control and those who performed positive financial behaviors in response to a financial stressor reported lower levels of financial stress. Taking its theoretical guidance from the theory of planned behavior, the second essay (Chapter 3) examined the relationship of the behavioral antecedents of attitude toward behavior, subjective beliefs, and perceived behavioral control with behaviors related to establishing and maintaining an adequate emergency fund and maintaining positive cash flow, the term used for keeping spending at levels below income over time. The study analyzed primary data from a sample of soldiers at a large Midwestern military installation (n = 93). Of the 11 models analyzed, most were statistically significant, though, individually, the behavioral antecedents themselves did not yield statistical significance as often. Although fewer definitive findings emerged from the cash flow group of models, results of the emergency fund group indicated that attitude toward behavior and perceived behavioral control are positively influential on behaviors related to maintaining an emergency fund. The third essay (Chapter 4) detailed a study which tested the theoretical assumption that better informed consumers make better financial choices. The study examined self-assessed financial knowledge, a self-assessed measure of confidence in day-to-day personal financial management termed financial confidence, and objectively measured financial knowledge as potential determinants of certain positive and negative financial behaviors. The positive behaviors were maintenance of positive cash flow and an adequate emergency fund, and the negative behaviors were engaging in high-cost borrowing through auto title lenders, payday lenders, pawn shops, and rent-to-own stores, collectively termed alternative financial services (AFS). The study analyzed secondary data from a sample of military members collected by the 2012 National Financial Capability Study which yielded a set of 949 responses useable for the study described in this chapter. Subjective knowledge was found to be associated with emergency fund maintenance, but not positive cash flow, while objective financial knowledge and financial confidence were found to be positively associated with positive cash flow, but not emergency fund maintenance. Females and those with higher incomes were found to be more likely to maintain positive cash flow, while those with three or more dependent children and those having experienced a recent income shock were less likely to do so. Females, members with graduate degrees, and members with a higher investing risk tolerance were more likely to maintain emergency funds, though members with two or more children and those having experienced a recent income shock were less likely to do so. Subjective financial knowledge was found to be positively related to AFS use, while objective financial knowledge and financial confidence were found to be negatively associated with AFS use. Members with more dependent children and those having experienced recent income shocks were more likely to have used AFS, while those with higher incomes were less likely to have done so. The conclusion (Chapter 5) summarizes the findings of all three essays, their implications, and suggests directions for future research. It re-emphasizes the unique contributions of the essays to personal finance literature pertaining to military members and its importance for policy makers, military leaders, and anyone involved in developing or administering personal financial improvement programs for the benefit of military members.

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McDowell, Robert W. "Public sector application of real estate analysis and finance techniques : a feasibility study for military family housing". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26189.

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Van, Nieuwenhuyzen Bernard J. "Financial literacy as core competency of South African military officers : a measurement instrument". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1087.

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Thesis (PhD (School of Public Management and Planning ))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since 1994, education and training in South Africa has experienced various changes, driven mainly by the Green Paper on Skills Development and the White Paper on Education which set objectives and outcomes and gave guidelines on how education and training should be approached, planned, and managed. The White Paper on Education necessitated change in SA tertiary institutions such as Stellenbosch University and its respective faculties. The Faculty of Military Science, which is situated at the South African Military Academy (SAMA) in Saldanha, accepted the challenge of contributing to the full personal development of students, by undertaking to shape people capable of organising and managing themselves and their human activities, including their financial activities, responsibly and effectively. The success of higher education institutions in empowering young people to be financially capable is questioned by various publications and surveys. Preliminary findings from surveys in 2004 and 2005 among students at the SAMA suggest that they are largely financially illiterate, thus potentially economically volatile. These findings introduce the research problem and serve as a foundation for the development of a scientific, socially relevant, valid and reliable financial literacy measurement instrument. A combined qualitative and quantitative research methodology is applied to develop a measurement instrument, which is then assessed for validity and reliability by applying it in a case study. The secondary objective of this research is the social study of the financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial attitude levels of individuals. To ensure relevance between the case study and the measurement instrument, financial literacy is initially evaluated as a management competency. Financial literacy is stated as a key competency in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). The financial literacy measurement instrument was constructed after an exploration of the contextual and conceptual nature of financial literacy. A questionnaire was selected as the ideal method of gathering the required information. The questionnaire’s validity and reliability were assessed as part of descriptive research in the development phase, as well as in the case study. The face and content validity were proven through input from respondents and subject experts. Reliability of the measurement instrument was assessed by calculating item difficulty, item discrimination, means, standard deviations and ultimately the internal consistency of the financial knowledge, behaviour and attitude sections of the measurement instrument. In the case study first-year students achieved an average of 50.17% for their financial knowledge although they rated their own knowledge levels to be 60.8%. The respondents struggled most with questions pertaining to investment, insurance, and inflation, and least with retirement and income and expenditure questions. This research underlines the importance of financial literacy as a management competency and its importance at a global, national, organisational and personal level. It produces a valid and reliable financial literacy measurement instrument that can be used by different stakeholders in South Africa to assess financial knowledge, behaviour and attitude, and thus indicate where intervention is required. Having a valid and reliable measurement instrument for measuring financial literacy creates opportunity for future research and development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert 1994 het die opvoeding- en opleidingsteater in Suid-Afrika dramatiese veranderinge ondergaan met veral die die Groenskrif op Vaardigheidsontwikkeling en die Witskrif op Opvoeding, wat die doelwitte en uitkomste gestel het en die toon aangegee het in terme van hoe opvoeding en opleiding aangepak, beplan en bestuur behoort te word. Verandering genoodsaak deur die Witskrif op Opvoeding sou by assosiasie ook verandering noodsaak in SA tersiêre inrigtings soos Stellenbosch Universiteit en haar fakulteite. Die Fakulteit Krygskunde, gevestig by die Suid-Afrkaanse Millitêre Akademie (SAMA) in Saldanha, het die uitdaging aanvaar om by te dra tot die totale persoonlike ontwikkeling van studente deur te onderneem om mense te vorm wat in staat sal wees om hulself en hul aktiwiteite verantwoordelik en doeltreffend te bestuur, insluitend hul finansiële aktiwiteite. Hoër Onderwys se sukses met die bemagtiging van jong mense tot finansieel vaardige individue is deur verskeie navorsingsverslae bevraagteken. Voorlopige bevindinge van studies in 2004 en 2005 onder voograadse studente van die SAMA is dat hulle grootliks finansieel ongeletterd is en gevolglik ekonomies kwesbaar. Die bevindinge is die vertrekpunt van die probleemstelling vir hierdie studie, en vorm die basis vir die ontwikkeling van 'n wetenskaplik- en sosiaalrelevante, geldige en betroubare finansiële geletterdheidsmetingsinstrument. 'n Gekombineerde kwalitatiefkwantitatiewe navorsingsmetodologie is toegepas in die ontwikkeling van 'n metingsinstrument, en die verbandhoudende bepaling van sy geldigheid en betroubaarheid deur die toepassing daarvan in 'n gevallestudie. Die sekondêre doelwit van hierdie navorsing is die sosiale studie van die finansiële kennis-, finansiële gedrags- en finansiële houdingsvlakke van individue. Ten einde relevansie tussen die gevallestudie en die metingsinstrument te verseker, is finansiële geletterdheid aanvanklik as 'n bestuursvaardigheid geëvalueer. Finansiële geletterdheid word in die Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag (SANW), as kernvaardigheid aangedui. Die finansiële geletterdheidsinstrument is gekonstrueer na 'n verkenning van die konteksuele en konsepsuele aard van finansiële geletterdheid. 'n Vraelys is geselekteer as die ideale metode om die relevante data te bekom. Die vraelys se geldigheid en betroubaarheid is as deel van deskriptiewe navorsing in die ontwikkelingsfase, en ook tydens die gevallestudie, bepaal. Die gesigs- en inhoudsgeldigheid is bevestig deur respondentterugvoer en vakspesialisinsette. Betroubaarheid van die metingsinstrument is bepaal deur die berekening van itemmoeilikheidsgraad, itemdiskriminasie, gemiddelde, standaardafwyking en uiteindelik interne betroubaarheid van die finansiële kennis-, gedrags- en houdingsafdelings van die metingsinstrument. In die gevallestudie, het eerstejaarstudente 'n gemiddeld van 50.17% vir die kennisfaktor behaal, alhoewel hulle hul eie kennisvlakke gemiddeld as 60.8% aangedui het. Respondente het hoofsaaklik gesukkel met kennisvrae wat handel oor beleggings, versekering en inflasie. Hul het die minste gesukkel met kennisvrae wat handel oor aftrede en inkomste en uitgawes. Hierdie navorsing bevestig die belangrikheid van finansiële geletterdheid as bestuursvaardigheid, asook op 'n globale, nasionale, organisatoriese en persoonlike vlak. Hierdie studie het 'n geldige en betroubare finansiële geletterdheidsmetingsinstrument opgelewer; een wat deur diverse finansiële geletterdheidsaandeelhouers in Suid-Afrika aangewend kan word. Hierdie metingsinstrument sal empiriese inligting oor finansiële kennis-, gedrags-, en houdingsvlakke genereer en aantoon waar intervensie benodig word. Die belangrikheid van finansiële geletterdheid, sowel as die noodsaak vir 'n geldige en geloofwaardige metingsinstrument, is geleenthede vir verdere navorsing en ontwikkeling.

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Graham, Aaron Benjamin. "Partisan politics and the British fiscal-military state, 1689-1713". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:071f355a-4ab0-4162-a221-1fdde5a3fb2d.

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The rapid expansion in the size and effectiveness of the British fiscal-military state between 1689 and 1713 has been analysed by historians such as John Brewer and Michael Braddick as the outcome of increasingly impartial, rational and professional bureaucratic administration. Yet recent work on state formation in Britain and Europe has emphasised that effectiveness often arose from practices usually dismissed as inefficient or corrupt. This thesis provides a new paradigm by comparing fiscal-military structures to contemporary commercial enterprises, which functioned by coordinating the efforts of suppliers and buyers. Coordination was achieved in turn through mutual trust, which overcame principal-agent problems and reduced transaction costs. This thesis suggests that by analogy, those polities that could encourage cooperation and mutual trust between autonomous officials, agencies and private contractors enjoyed the greatest success as fiscal-military states. In the mercantile or financial world trust was created through kinship and friendship, as well as common religious, ethnic or national identities, which contained inbuilt informal mechanisms for policing behaviour. This thesis examines the financing and supply of the British army in Ireland and Europe between 1689 and 1713 to conclude that these elements also served to create trust within state structures, and that even political partisanship – normally dismissed as a disruptive, even destructive, influence – generated a community of shared political interests that encouraged trust and improved coordination. It also demonstrates that officials, politicians and financiers constructed politicised networks that interlocked efficiently with each other, permitting the improved coordination of public and private credit, and even informal financial intermediation intended to maintain the liquidity of the army’s fiscal structures. It therefore concludes that the success of the British fiscal-military state during this period was the product of improved informal coordination rather than institutional change and bureaucratic reform, and that political partisanship was integral to this process.

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Newell, Thomas. "The use of Special Operations Forces in combating terrorist financing". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA457538.

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Joyner, David Lee. "FINANCIAL IMPACTS OF MILITARY BASE CLOSURES ON LOCAL COMMUNITY PROPERTY VALUES". NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/51.

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The dissertation explores the financial ramifications of US military base closure on local community real estate property values. The dissertation examines an area that has not received sufficient research. Previous works on military base closure by Bradshaw, Kroll, Corley, Kirshenbaum and Harlan (1995); Dardia, McCarty, Malkin, and Vernez, (1996); Hooker and Knetter (2001) and Krizan (1998) examine more generalized economic factors such as employment and macroeconomic activity. More recent published dissertation work by authors Hall (1998) and Poppert (2002) have provided interesting explanatory hypotheses to assist municipal and state leaders in crafting working plans to assist communities where base closure occurs. This dissertation intends to look into the effects on real estate property values in the wake of military base closures. The dissertation expands the study of base closure effects into a relatively new area on the fluctuation of real estate property values. An enhanced understanding of how military base closures affect real estate values will have implications for real estate investors, developers, city and county government planners, and budget directors from local school districts to state government.

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Mefford, Miriam Seveses. "Balancing Internal Controls with Change Management in the Pacific Military Unit". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7267.

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Federal government managers were advised to strengthen internal controls; the law dictates attestation of effective management controls, and the internal control program is used to detect risks. However, managers lacked preparatory training, with training being overlooked given the increased responsibilities. Managers are assigned the programmatic role regardless of the lack of program standards in knowledge, skill, and ability. The research questions addressed change management components, concepts, and core qualifications relative to program readiness. The purpose of this single case study was to identify and explore change management components contributing to the effectiveness of internal controls. The conceptual framework was based on Lewin's change concepts of unfreezing, moving or changing, and refreezing phases with the inverse principle in field theory. Thirteen professionals from the pacific military unit in Hawaii participated in semistructured interviews. Inductive coding was used to thematically analyze the data. The key results of the emerged themes illustrated how: organization skillset was used for linking change components to internal controls, assessment was a tool used for transforming a manager's concept, and experience was essential in leading change core qualifications. Significance of the study was the promotion of stronger measures in preventing fraud, waste, and mismanagement of limited resources. The research results could inspire social change by increasing communication and collaboration to benefit senior leaders, and financial and program managers. The value-added training concepts and leadership innovation, and how managing change relates to internal control could lead to program success thus benefiting all primary stakeholders.

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Bell, Mary M. "Three essays on the financial behaviors of soldiers before and after deployment". Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16692.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Family Studies & Human Services
Sonya L. Britt
Briana S. Nelson-Goff
The current three essay dissertation researched the financial behaviors of military service members before and after deployment using primary data collected at a Midwestern U.S. Army installation. The introduction (Chapter 1) reviewed the two financial surveys administered to Soldiers before (N = 701) and after (N = 670) they left for a yearlong deployment to a war zone. The first essay (Chapter 2) explored the financial behaviors, financial knowledge, and financial anxiety as they relate to rank and deployment. The results suggested that financial behaviors after deployment (Time 2) were significantly better than financial behaviors before deployment (Time 1). Rank had a positive effect on increased subjective financial knowledge where all ranks above privates (E1 to E2) had greater financial knowledge. Privates first class, specialists, and corporals (E3 to E4) had significantly lower financial knowledge than their direct supervisors, sergeants and staff sergeants (E5 to E6). Finally, Soldiers reported more financial anxiety before deployment (Time 1) than after deployment (Time 2). Using the framework of social learning theory, the second essay (Chapter 3) expanded the research of military financial behaviors before deployment to more fully understand stress and other factors that influence financial behavior outcomes. Results suggested that past behaviors and some personal factors played a significant role in Soldiers’ financial behaviors. Higher levels of subjective financial knowledge, more internal locus of control, and lower levels of financial anxiety all had a positive effect on financial behavior outcomes. The past behaviors variable had the most explanatory value in Soldiers’ financial behaviors before deployment. Soldiers with any amount of credit card debt had worse financial behaviors compared to Soldiers with no credit card debt, while Soldiers with greater amounts of emergency financial savings were more likely to have better financial behaviors than those who did not have any emergency financial savings. The final essay (Chapter 4) studied the factors that influenced financial behavior outcomes of both Soldiers and college students. This essay used primary data from a college student sample to compare to the before deployment (Time 1) survey data of Soldiers. Findings reported that past behaviors and some personal factors played a significant role in the financial behavior outcomes. Soldiers and college students with higher levels of subjective financial knowledge, more internal locus of control, and lower financial anxiety reported positive financial behaviors The most explanatory concept was that of past behaviors, which revealed that participants with no credit card debt had better financial behaviors compared to respondents who had any level of credit card debt. The conclusion (Chapter 5) highlights the findings of all three essays, which contribute both to the financial behavior literature. These papers also contribute to the research on the personal financial matters of service members. The research has direct implications for policy makers, military leaders, service providers, and financial planners and counselors.

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Perrin, James K. Jr. ""Knavish Charges, Numerous Contractors, and a Devouring Monster": The Supply of the U.S. Army and Its Impact Upon Economic Policy, 1775-1815". The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462407701.

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Lynch-Moore, Jamee M. "Funding and Allocation in School Districts Educating Children with Impact Aid". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6608.

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Budgeting and allocation decisions made by school districts have a direct impact on education in local communities. Little, however, is known about budgetary allocation and decision-making practices involving federal Impact Aid received by military-connected districts as no national guidelines exist to guide the allocation of this funding source. Using Sielke's garbage can decision model as the foundation, the purpose of this multiple case study of 5 school districts located throughout the United States was to explore how school districts use Impact Aid to achieve educational adequateness for military-connected children. Research questions focused on how school districts make budgetary decisions in regard to Impact Aid and military-connected students. Data were collected from 5 semistructured interviews with school administrators, budget analysts, as well as over 350 publicly available policy documents. All data were inductively coded and categorized to apply frequency of references and through open and descriptive coding emerged 4 thematic elements. The key findings of this study showed that sequestration and information management had the largest impact on how Impact Aid funding was spent by school districts. The results of this study provide evidence in support of Sielke's garbage can decision theory. The implications for social change stemming from this study include recommendations to policy makers regarding improving allocation methods, which may in turn improve the effectiveness of education funding leading to adequate and equal education support for all public school students.

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Mansour, Wael. "Essays on human capital formation of youth in the Middle East : the role of migrant remittances in Jordan and armed conflict in Lebanon". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/42948/.

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Human capital formation is a fundamental requirement for countries' long term economic development and societal prosperity. This process can be enhanced or disrupted by internal factors such as migration and remittances, or external ones like wars. This thesis is interested in investigating both phenomena. The following questions are addressed: what is the impact of migrant remittances on human capital formation, do these private inflows induce any changes in the behavior of remittance-receivers towards education expenditure, and finally what is the short term micro-economic effect of armed conflicts on education in post war countries. In investigating these issues, focus is made on two perspectives: first youth, an active group in the society whose age matches up higher education levels and labor force entry simultaneously; second gender differentials both in terms of impact and behavior. The research explores new surveys from the Middle East, datasets that have not been analyzed previously from an education angle and that are not generally available to researchers. These datasets come from Jordan and Lebanon, two middle income non-oil producer countries. The thesis is composed of three independent essays. The first examines the impact of migrant remittances on human capital accumulation among youth in Jordan and highlights the various ways in which remittances influence education outcomes. The analysis takes a gender dimension and examines whether the effects and magnitude of such impact is different between males and females. The second essay considers remittances receipt, from both domestic and international sources, and examines their impact on Jordanian households' education spending patterns. Following the literature on intra-household bargaining and gender expenditure preferences, the analysis examines whether such impact is potentially different between male and female headed households. The third essay tackles the impact of the 2006 war on education attendance of youth in Lebanon. The chapter captures households' schooling responses in the aftermath of the war. By looking at the implications of a diversified array of damages sustained; reflecting physical, human, income and employment losses; the chapter examines possible linkages between the nature of the damage incurred and the manner and magnitude in which such damage affects education.

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Gawaran, Edmond J. "Financial analysis of hastily-formed networks". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2585.

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One of the common lessons learned from the 11 September Terrorist Attacks in 2001, Southeast Asia Tsunami in 2004 and Hurricane Katrina in 2005, was there were major command and control (C2) and information challenges during the crisis response efforts. The Department of Defense (DoD) is currently transitioning to face these global threats of terrorism and natural disasters, as well as support the goals of the new National Strategy, by developing new plans and procedures to improve the coordination, communications and operations between DoD and other entities when responding simultaneously to such complex humanitarian disasters (CHD). In searching for a mobile and adoptable communication solution for military operations, the DoD should consider a C2 system that utilizes advanced commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technology. Hastilyformed networks (HFN) could provide a global broadband network node with internet, voice, video and data capability in a rapidly deployable manner, which offer significant advantages to military and other crisis response activities. The focus of this thesis concentrates on the financial aspects of HFNs in support of humanitarian assistance and/or disaster relief (HA/DR) efforts by U.S. armed forces. This research and analysis of HFNs could present prospective benefits to DoD, which include cost-savings, enhanced emergency response capabilities and improved interagency/international relations. Additionally, this study will provide a recommended model methodology and iterations for future military-use of HFNs in support of the DoD's vision of "transformation."

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Soltanov, Elnur. "A Political Economy Of Russian Foreign Policy: The Effects Of Natural Resource-financial Sectors On The Formation Of Russian Foreign Policy In The Context Of The International Market". Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1065093/index.pdf.

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ABSTRACT A POLITICAL ECONOMY OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY: THE EFFECTS OF THE NATURAL RESOURCE-FINANCIAL SECTORS ON THE FORMATION OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET Soltanov, Elnur MS, Department of International Relations Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fatih Tayfur January 2004, 114 pages This research aims to analyze Russian natural resource-finance sectors&rsquo
effects on Russian foreign policy from the collapse of the Soviet Union on. The main question it tries to answer is why they are successful to determine the main contours of a relatively peaceful foreign policy in a crises-laden Russia which have had so many reasons to switch to an aggressive behavior. In this regard, the military-industrial complex is the other crucial economic sector to be referred to frequently. Given the overwhelming nature of the international structure that Russia finds itself in, and given the general change in the worldview of the Russians, it becomes clear that the resource-finance sector on the one hand and the military-industrial complex on the other are much more than mere economic sectors, being organic material cores of alternative national and international identities. Such a holistic approach in turn makes it possible to draw on the explanatory power of the legitimacy factor and to go beyond different group preferences in accounting for Russian foreign policy. Analyzing different sectors&rsquo
and their commodities&rsquo
structural characteristics in the context of the international market helps to discard the &ldquo
politics of international trade&rdquo
as a too narrow conceptual framework to study Russian foreign policy and to understand different economic sectors&rsquo
true explanatory utility.

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Carneiro, Duarte Maria Filipe. "Equity research - Airbus SE". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20702.

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Mestrado em Finanças
O seguinte Relatório de Equity Research da Airbus foi escrito em conformidade com o formato recomendado pelo Instituto CFA, e reflecte a informação pública da empresa publicada até 30 de Junho de 2020. O projecto começa com uma descrição empresarial da empresa, incluindo uma introdução à sua história, uma análise detalhada a cada segmento operacional, e as estratégias concebidas para o futuro. Além disso, o ESG é também destacado no presente relatório. Além disso, uma análise aprofundada da Indústria menciona as tendências A&D, as perspectivas económicas, o modelo PESTEL, e os motores da oferta e da procura da Indústria. O Posicionamento Competitivo é também fornecido, através da análise SWOT. O Preço Alvo de 74,81 euros para 30 de Junho de 2021, equivalente a um potencial de +17,80% de aumento em relação ao preço fechado em 30 de Junho de 2020 (63,52 euros) foi calculado através do modelo DCF, utilizando o Fluxo de Caixa Livre para a Empresa (FCFF). Foram utilizados outros métodos de avaliação, incluindo o Modelo de Desconto Dividido, o Valor Presente Ajustado, o FCFE, a Avaliação Relativa através de múltiplos de pares. Foi realizada uma simulação de Monte Carlo. O relatório inclui a análise de sensibilidade a alguns riscos seleccionados para o preço-alvo, nomeadamente as taxas de produção de aeronaves comerciais, o custo médio ponderado do capital (WACC) e a taxa de crescimento do terminal (g). Traduzido com a versão gratuita do tradutor - www.DeepL.com/Translator
The following Equity Research Report on Airbus was written in line with the research report format recommended by the CFA Institute, and it reflects the public information of the company published until 30th June 2020. The project starts with a business description of the Company, including an introduction to its history, a detailed analysis to each operational segment, and the strategies designed for the future. In addition, ESG is also highlighted in the present report. Moreover, an In-depth Industry analysis mentions the A&D trends, the economic outlook, the PESTEL model, and the supply and demand drivers of the Industry. The Competitive Positioning is also provided, through the SWOT analysis. The Price Target of €74.81 for 30th June 2021, equivalent to a +17.80% upside potential from the close price on 30th June 2020 (€63.52) was computed through the DCF model, using the Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF). Other valuation methods were used, including the Dividend-Discount Model, the Adjusted Present Value, the FCFE, the Relative Valuation through Peers' multiples. A Monte Carlo Simulation was performed. The report includes sensitivity analysis to a few selected risks to the price target, namely the Commercial Aircraft production rates, the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and the terminal growth rate (g).
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Chiu, John. "An examination, planning and control & the management process, to better performance and profitability or : the management process to improve performance for better profitability". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/850/.

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Everest and Blanc (E&B) is at a crossroad. It grew from a ‘mom and pop’ operation into a small professional firm and plateaued. Thus, there is a desire to bring about operation efficiency, followed by expansion of the company. In order to be successful, a systematic decision making process is necessary to ensure a high probability of success, and able to pinpoint dysfunctions early for improvement. In addition, implementing processes need careful consideration and progress monitoring. This study was founded on these premises using M2 mode research methodology to establish an optimal structural course of action by surveying paradigms of management theories and concepts. The study began with an exposition on research methodologies and focused on the M2 research mode. It continued on with considering operations topics (micro concerns), extending to general issues (macro concerns) in conjunction with management theories and concepts. Finally a decision making model was shaped and applied to E&B. During the process, several important decisions were made, grounded on the findings on the research, such as relocating the corporate office anticipating expansion. Overall, the changes introduced, the process of change, the decision-making process, and implementation were all effective. The decision making model, SOMM, Strato Operation Management Model, is an extension of both Ansoff’s and Anthony’s management models together with the decision-making process. The emphasis is on the relationship of the system structure’s characteristics where it is symbolized by a matryoshka representing the three management modules (Strategic Management, Management Control and Planning and Tactical Operation) nesting within each other. Relating to the overall strategic and management control and planning competency, the workhorse is a combination of defensive and offensive approaches together with evaluation methodologies to capture emerging and unintended strategies and to control performance; whereas the tactical operation process is to bring about efficiency and effectiveness. These are new knowledge and policies cast into members of E&B. It is, therefore, fundamental that careful interventions are necessary to cause changes by motivation and to align goal congruency. Further, the inquiry had specifically focused on the needs of E&B, it did not preclude application to other organizations. For academics, it may be an engaging topic for further empirical studies advancing knowledge in management and operations. With respect to a wider world application, it was also concluded that the findings for E&B are applicable and adaptable to other professional and business concerns as innovative tools to their problems and issues.

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Bateman, William. "Parliamentary control of public money". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/286229.

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This dissertation analyses the idea that parliament controls public money in parliamentary constitutional systems of government. That analysis proceeds through an historical and contemporary examination of the way legal practices distribute authority over public money between different institutions of government. The legislative and judicial practices concerning taxation, public expenditure, sovereign borrowing, and the government financing activities of central banks are selected for close attention. The contemporary analysis focuses on the design and operation of those legal practices in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth of Australia, in the context of the boom-bust-recovery economic conditions experienced between 2005 and 2016. The dissertation's ultimate claims are explanatory: that "parliamentary control" is a poor explanation of the distribution of financial authority in parliamentary systems of government and should be jettisoned in favour of an idea of "parliamentary ratification". An empirically engaged methodology is adopted throughout the dissertation and (historical and contemporary) public sector financial data enrich the legal analysis. The dissertation acknowledges the impact of, but remains agnostic between, different economic and political perspectives on fiscal discipline and public financial administration. The dissertation makes a number of original contributions. It provides a detailed examination of the historical development, legal operation and constitutional significance of annual appropriation legislation, and the legal regimes governing sovereign borrowing and monetary finance. It also analyses the way that law interacts with government behaviour in situations of economic emergencies (focusing on the Bank of England's public financing activities since 2008), and the institutional and doctrinal obstacles facing judicial involvement in disputes concerning public finance (focusing on the Australian judiciary's recent engagements with public expenditure legislation).

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Girod, Florence. "L'administrateur militaire". Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2009_in_girod_f.pdf.

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L'administrateur militaire se situe dans un ensemble de structures marqué par les principes d'administration militaire, qui reposent depuis 1882 sur la distinction fondamentale entre les fonctions de commandement et d'administration. En application de ces principes, l'exercice des fonctions financières est attribué à des autorités qui appartiennent aux services chargés de fournir aux forces armées les matériels et les prestations nécessaires à leurs activités opérationnelles. Ces autorités, que nous qualifions d'administrateur militaire, jouent un rôle essentiel dans l'utilisation des ressources financières mises à la disposition du ministère de la défense par le vote annuel de la loi de finances. Elles sont soumises au respect du principe de la séparation des ordonnateurs et des comptables qui domine la comptabilité publique française. Garant du bon emploi des deniers publics, l'administrateur militaire intervient dans le fonctionnement des formations opérationnelles (régiments, bases navales et aériennes…) pour mettre en œuvre les procédures financières adaptées aux contraintes de leur activité. Depuis l'entrée en vigueur de la loi organique relative aux lois de finances du 1er août 2001, ces procédures se rapprochent de plus en plus du droit budgétaire et comptable applicable à l'ensemble des administrations de l'Etat. Ce contexte de réforme entraîne une évolution importante des caractéristiques et des fonctions de l'administrateur militaire
The Military Administrator belongs to structures based on military administration principles, which are established since 1882 on the fundamental difference between commanding and administering. As a consequence of these concepts, the authorities in charge of providing the armed forces with equipments and other support services are responsible of implementing financial functions. These authorities are named Military Administrator. They play a major role in handling financial resources allowed to the Ministry of Defence by annual Budget Act. Their functions are carried out in accordance with French public accounting rules based on the separation between authorizing officers and public accountants. Military Administrator deals with diverse military structures, such as regiments, naval and air bases, to deploy financial procedures adapted to the traits of military operational activity. Since the entry into force of the Constitutional Bylaw on Budget Acts (LOLF - 1 August 2001), these financial procedures have become more and more similar to those of budgetary and accounting rules used by others State administrations. This reforming context entails an evolution of Military Administrator's characteristics and functions

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Mampaey, Luc. "Gouvernement d'entreprise, finance et technologie dans les groupes de production d'armements aux Etats-Unis : une lecture institutionnaliste". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS012S.

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La thèse explique la configuration contemporaine du secteur industriel de production d’armements aux États-Unis en prenant appui sur la littérature de l’économie institutionnelle radicale. La première partie décrit la genèse et le développement du « complexe militaro-industriel » (CMI) en revisitant les analyses institutionnalistes héritières de Thorstein Veblen. La seconde partie propose une étude empirique de la R&D aux États-Unis et met en relief la militarisation du système national d’innovation américain. Elle analyse la restructuration du CMI opérée dans les années 1990 sous l’emprise de la finance, et questionne la surperformance exceptionnelle du secteur de l’armement sur les marchés financiers. La conclusion suggère que les « marchés » ont internalisé dans leur comportement l'inéluctabilité de nouvelles guerres visant à protéger le mode de production et de consommation américain. Toutefois, il convient de prendre aussi en compte les évolutions géopolitiques récentes qui semblent offrir à la discipline économique un potentiel académique renouvelé qui pourrait déboucher sur la construction d’un nouveau système assurant un développement et une paix durables
The thesis explains the contemporary configuration of the U. S. Arms production industrial sector based on the literature of radical institutional economics. The first part describes the genesis and development of the "military industrial complex" (MIC) through a review of the institutionalist analysis in the wake of Thorstein Veblen. The second part proposes an empirical study of the R&D in the United States and highlights the strong militarization of the American national innovation system. It analyzes the restructuring of the CMI during the 1990s under the rule of finance, and questions the exceptional performance of the arms industry on the financial markets. The conclusion suggests that the "markets" have internalized in their behavior the inevitability of new wars to protect the American mode of production and consumption. However, we must also take into account the recent geopolitical developments that seem to provide the economic discipline with a renewed academic potential that might result in the construction of a new system ensuring sustainable development and peace

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Cheynet, de Beaupré Marc. "Joseph Pâris-Duverney : financier d'État (1684-1770)". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010622.

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Joseph Pâris-Duverney, fils d'aubergiste, devint fournisseur aux armées dans les dernières années du règne de Louis XIV, s'insinuant auprès des favorites. Dès 1716, ses frères et lui furent les principaux réformateurs de la collecte fiscale, contrôlant les Fermes générales et celle des tabacs. S'étant opposés à Law, les Pâris furent exilés. Rappelés, ils mirent en place le Visa de 1721, imposant la comptabilité publique en partie double ainsi qu'un Etat général des fonds et dépenses. En 1724, Duverney, syndic général de la Compagnie des Indes, fut le véritable instigateur de la politique économique. En 1726, les Pâris furent à nouveau chassés. Rappelé, Duverney reprit son activité de munitionnaire. Les guerres de succession d' Autriche puis de Sept ans consacrèrent une influence qui ne connut plus d'éclipse jusqu'à son départ volontaire, à l'automne 1758. Dès 1750, Duverney avait fait approuver par le roi le projet de création d'une Ecole militaire, dont il fut le premier intendant.

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Chayo, Marina Andrea de Hoffmann de. "Governos militares e governo Alfonsín, 1976 1989: uma análise da política econômica argentina". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9425.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:49:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marina Andres de Hoffmann de Chayo.pdf: 1759977 bytes, checksum: 10d27ea13108437843f82685bfc5c07b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-01
This work will study the 1976-1989 period with the aim to understand why Argentina is in this chaotic path since the lost decade . We will focus on Alfonsín constitutional government and take a look at the previous military administrations, from General Videla to General Bignone that left behind a complicated future for the nation, a huge public debt and a non-productive economy
Este trabalho resenha o período compreendido entre 1976 e 1989, para possibilitar uma explicação possível da profunda crise na qual a Argentina se encontra desde o período da década perdida . Estuda a economia argentina , especificamente o governo de Raúl Alfonsin o primeiro governo constitucional após a ditadura e o período imediatamente anterior, comprendido entre 1976 e 1983, condição sine qua non dado que condicionou o governo democrático, limitando o desempenho e a evolução do país. Destaca o surgimento da pesada carga herdada como consequência da dívida externa. Esta pesada carga constituída tanto pelos empréstimos de fato contraídos (junto com os correspondentes juros contratados) quanto pela estatização de grande parte da dívida. Destaca também os motivos pelos quais o processo de consolidação democrático defrontou-se com tantas dificuldades encerrando-se emoldurado numa crise tão profunda, ainda que ocorresse a entrega de poder de um presidente constitucional para outro, escolhido num contexto de vigência plena de mecanismos de representação política e de respeito às liberdades políticas

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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes May 6, 2013". University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301423.

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Deyber, Alain. "En Gaule à la Tène finale : stratégies, tactiques et techniques celtiques de la guerre (de la Tene D1 à la romanisation - IIè/ -Ier siècle av. J.-C.)". Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040017.

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On a abondamment traité de l’art militaire des Grecs et des Romains, mais très peu de la guerre en Gaule. Pourtant, c’était un phénomène quasi permanent. Des générations d’historiens ont expliqué sa présence par le jeu des événements. A ces causes directes, ils en existaient des plus profondes : longues traditions guerrières aboutissant parfois à un hallucinant carnage, conceptions religieuses exaltant le héros, société dont les fondements reposaient sur une « économie de la guerre », le tout sur fond de conflit avec l’étranger. C’est toute l’organisation sociale, c’est le système même des civitates qui est tendu vers la guerre. L’art de la guerre à La Tène D a visiblement connu de profondes mutations par rapport à la période antérieure :mise en place d’un processus de décision, structuration des forces, accroissement des effectifs, développement d’un art du commandement sur fond de préoccupations stratégiques et leur traduction tactique modifiant la manière traditionnelle de combattre. On perçoit mieux comment les Gaulois voyaient, pensaient et faisaient la guerre : la diversification de l’armement accompagne le développement des armes tactiques et, en particulier, celui des troupes montées; dans l’infanterie, substitution partielle de formations plus légères et mobiles à l’antique phalange ; développement des fortifications et balbutiements dans l’art de la poliorcétique. Des nobles tentent de détourner cette force naissante à leur profit, faisant de la guerre une activité de professionnels et non plus un spectacle d’amateurs en quête d’émotions fortes. Et si la guerre en Gaule n’était pas un simple fait de civilisation, mais le fondement même de la société gauloise ?
The Greeks and the Romans’ military art have regularly been studied, but very few have been the researches on war in Gaul. Yet, war was almost a permanent phenomenon. Generations of historians have explained its presence by associating it with a mere series of events. One must nevertheless examin other, deeper, and less direct causes. Among these, one has to mention long war traditions resulting in amazing massacres, religious conceptions wich glorify heroes and extreme sacrifice, a society based on a genuine « economy of war » , in a background of conflicts with foreign nations. The whole social organization, the very system of emerging civitates, is war-bound. The art of war during the La Tène D obviously met deep mutations when compared to the previous period : gradual enforcement of a codified decision precess, organization of the forces, inceasing manpower, development of the art of commanding in a context of strategic concerns which, on the battlefield, modify fighting techniques. One thus understands better how the Gaul considered, thought or made war : the diversification of armament precedes or goes along with the development of tactical weapons, and particularly of mounted troops. In infantry, the ancient Greek phalanx is replaced by lighter and more mobile units. Fotifications increase in number and the art of poliorcetics emerges gradually. A few noblemen attempt to take over this emerging force, turning war into a profession instead of an amateurish performance for the sake of excitement. What if war in Gaul wasn’t a mere feature of civilization , but, on the contrary, the very basis of Gaul society ?

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Gülstorff, Torben. "Trade follows Hallstein?" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17628.

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Die deutsche Außenpolitik zur Zeit des Kalten Krieges stellt in historischer wie politikwissenschaftlicher Hinsicht einen Gegenstand dar, der mit gutem Gewissen als wissenschaftlich erschlossen bezeichnet werden kann. Zahlreiche Aufsätze, Artikel und Bücher sind in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten erschienen, welche die deutsche Außenpolitik in Europa, Afrika, Asien, Ozeanien, Amerika, oder auch gleich der Welt als Ganzem, in den Blick genommen haben. Dies gilt sowohl für die Außenpolitik der Bundesrepublik Deutschland als auch für diejenige der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. Früh – wenn nicht sogar von Beginn an – kam hierbei eine zentrale These, eine Kernthese, zum Vorschein, die, ohne auf Widerstand zu stoßen, Eingang in den historischen und politikwissenschaftlichen Forschungskanon fand und ihn bereits nach kurzer Zeit zu dominieren begann. Die Rede ist von der die deutschen Auslandsaktivitäten angeblich bestimmenden Hallstein-Doktrin und dem mit ihr in engem Zusammenhang stehenden deutsch-deutschen Gegensatz. In dieser Arbeit wird dieser Kernthese, diesem ''Mythos'' der deutschen Außenpolitik, vehement widersprochen. Weder die Hallstein-Doktrin, noch der deutsch-deutsche Gegensatz, sondern nationale ökonomische und internationale geostrategische Interessen haben die deutsche Außenpolitik – und darüber hinaus auch die gesamten deutschen Auslandsaktivitäten, der BRD wie der DDR – maßgeblich bestimmt. Zur Stützung dieser Gegenthese werden in der vorliegenden Studie die staatlichen, wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Aktivitäten West- und Ostdeutschlands in neun zentralafrikanischen Staaten zwischen 1945 und 1975 kritisch dargelegt, umfassend analysiert und im Hinblick auf mehrere zentrale Thesen zu den deutschen Auslandsaktivitäten ausgewertet.
For decades articles and books have been published on the history of German foreign policy during Cold War. Regardless of whether Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania, America or the world as a whole, the foreign affairs of the Western Federal Republic of Germany and the Eastern German Democratic Republic have been researched and analysed in context of a broad variety of locations. However, even though the list of publications continues to grow, the topic''s theses–especially its main thesis–do not show much progress. Already at an early stage, a central thesis–a core thesis–came to light, met no resistance and entered history''s and political science''s research canons on German foreign policy. This thesis reads: Inner German issues and the non-solved German question were so powerful, they dominated West and East German foreign affairs nearly right from the start. German foreign policy, that was the so-called Hallstein doctrine, that was the so-called German-German contradiction. And all studies–whether of history or political science, whether designed as a case study or as a global approach–confirm this thesis, use it as an integral part of their work–until today. But be that as it may. This study contradicts this thesis, this ''myth'' of German foreign policy. Instead it argues that neither the Hallstein doctrine nor the German-German contradiction, but national economic and international geostrategic interests dominated German foreign policy and German foreign activities–regarding the FRG, the GDR, and Germany as a whole. To proof this thesis, West and East German activities–of the two states, their economies and their societies–in nine Central African states between 1945 and 1975 are observed and analysed. More than a million file pages out of more than a dozen German archives were read to tackle this task–and shed some refreshing new light on the foreign policies of the two German states during Cold War.

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Guinand, Julien. "Faire la guerre pour le roi aux portes de l'Italie : (1515-1559)". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2109.

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La pratique de la guerre de l’armée royale sous François Ier et Henri II a longtemps été perçue dans l’historiographie comme peu adaptée à un art militaire moderne vu comme associé à l’usage des armes à feu de l’infanterie. Le poids des traditions chevaleresques ainsi que le manque d’un art militaire approfondi sont vus comme décisifs dans ce manque d’innovation. À l’opposé, un autre courant historiographique perçoit cette pratique de la guerre comme plus violente, car plus moderne avec un emploi de fantassins et de mercenaires laissant libre court à une culture du carnage et à un ensauvagement encore jamais vu. Elle s’oppose ainsi à la guerre médiévale jugée comme plus contrôlée. Ce travail questionne alors toute la praxis de la guerre des gens du roi et de ses peuples afin de trouver la juste mesure de leur engagement. Le choix du théâtre d’opérations des portes de l’Italie, entre le Rhône et le Pô, à la frontière sud-est du royaume de France est arrêté comme espace d’étude. Sa marginalité géographique et l’âpreté de son relief offrent une situation atypique pour envisager le fait guerrier. Comme il y est poussé dans ses retranchements humains, matériels et logistiques, il nous permet d’envisager toutes ses facettes. Le service de tous répond aux impératifs militaires et aux efforts de guerre attendus. Il est surtout intéressé et vécu de façons collective et indivuelle. Il n’est pas improvisé par simple témérité. Il est à comprendre dans les échanges des hommes et des corps constitués avec la Couronne et le roi. Il laisse donc percevoir l’organisation des compétences entre l’État monarchique et les autorités locales. Il met à jour leurs évolutions. Enfin, il concerne la foule des gens engagés dans le métier des armes et des non-combattants qui vivent les épreuves des affrontements. Cette étude est donc celle d’une société en guerre affrontant la conjoncture militaire avec ses héritages et ses innovations et rejetant l’idée d’une opposition binaire entre guerre médiévale et guerre moderne
War in the royal army under Francis I and Henry II has long been perceived in historiography as poorly adapted to modern military requirements, which are closely associated with the use of firearms and the infantry. The weight of the chivalrous traditions and the lack of a complex military art seem decisive in this lack of innovation. On the other hand, another historiographical movement sees this practice of war as more violent and modern, with the use of foot soldiers and mercenaries giving rise to a culture of carnage and a level of savagery never seen before. It is thus opposed to medieval warfare, which was more controlled in appearance.This work questions the praxis of war of the king’s men and population in order to find the right level of their commitment. The Italian border, between the Rhone and the Po, in the southeastern part of the kingdom of France was chosen as the theatre of operations to be studied in this work. Its geographical marginality and the harshness of its relief offer an atypical situation to study the war in its complexity. Human, material, and logistical resources tested to their limits allow us to consider all the aspects of war. Everyone’s service can only be the result of a careful thought process. It mirrors the military imperatives and the expected war effort, and it is lived in both collectively and individually. It is not improvised by mere temerity. It is to be understood through the exchanges between men and State bodies comprising the Crown and the King. It thus reveals the organization of competences between the monarchical State and the local authorities. It updates their evolutions. Lastly, it concerns the crowd of people engaged in the military and non-combatants alike, who experience the ordeals of confrontations. The latter participated in making them live their conflicts through that of the king. This study is therefore that of a society at war confronting military conjunctures with its legacy and innovations, and it rejects the idea of a binary opposition between medieval war and modern war

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Ngabo, Ndjaha. "Etude du désarmement dans le contexte de recomposition du paysage international". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30070.

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Le désarmement est l’un des axes stratégiques primordiaux de la politique internationale. Il se pose, de manière récurrente, la sempiternelle question de son rapport à la paix, à la sécurité internationale et au développement. Car, le désarmement est, indubitablement, un maillon essentiel de la chaîne indispensable pour bâtir un monde débarrassé de menaces et de risques consécutifs à une militarisation à outrance. Son sucés ou son échec est lié à la configuration du monde. C’est une question de volonté politique dont les États sont les acteurs majeurs. La mutation du contexte international relance la problématique du désarmement. Car, le désarmement vise à éliminer les armes dont l’accumulation constitue une source de tension internationale. Il concerne la réduction du format des armées, la contraction des dépenses militaires et le contrôle du transfert de la technologie militaire. Il permet de libérer à des fins pacifiques des ressources nécessaires à d’autres secteurs de l’économie. L’histoire du désarmement révèle des pratiques, parfois, unilatérales et coercitives. La mise en œuvre du désarmement n’est possible que lorsque, se manifeste une volonté dédiée à sa concrétisation. Il existe un lien entre les dépenses consacrées aux armements et le développement économique et social. Cependant, la diminution de l’influence incommensurable des complexes militaro-industriels, la reconversion des industries de défense conditionnent aussi le désarmement. La coopération multilatérale et la mutualisation des moyens restent des possibilités de garanties pour un désarmement efficient et efficace
Disarm is one of the main strategics axis of the international politics. It happened, in a recurring way, the sempiternal question of his report to peace, international security and the development. Because disarming, is undoubtedly, an essential link of the chains to build a world without threats and consecutive risks with excess of militarization. Its success or its failure is linked to the configuration of the world. It is a question of political good-will which states are the major actors. The change of the international context boost the problems of disarming. Because, disarming aims to eliminate the weapons which accumulation constitutes a source of international tensions. It relates to the reduction of the format of armed, the contraction of the soldiers expenditure and the control of the military technology transfer. It permits to release peaceful purposes necessary resources to other sectors of the economy. The history of disarming raises the practices, sometimes, links and coercive. The implementation of disarming is not possible when, appears a dedicated will in its concretization. There is a bond between the expenditure devoted to the arms, the economic and social development. However, the reduction in the incommensurable influence of the military-industrial complexes, the reconversion of industries of expenditure condition also disarming. The multilateral co-operation and the mutualism of the means remain the possibilities of the guarantees for an efficient and effective disarming

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Huang, Chiu-Tien, i 黃秋田. "A Study on Job Satisfaction of Military Budget Finance Officers – The Case of Finance Center". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b5qrgy.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理系
103
In March 2000 onwards, the military is to start with the main fiscal Comptroller Bureau of functional integration and tissue reconstruction planning to sophisticated military primary fiscal system, organizational change and military purposes, mainly for the military also wanted to inject new weather, and overall organizational re-engineering, hoping to boost the overall operating performance, is also expected to bring positive benefits for the whole organization. In this study, trying to use military budget finance officers for the study, discuss organizational change and organizational commitment, whether the military would affect job satisfaction. The method used in this study was descriptive statistics analysis, reliability analysis, t test, one way ANOVA and regression analysis. The results found that respondents background variables on organizational change, organizational identity and job satisfaction analysis part, the differences were there significant differences in the analysis. In the part of the regression analysis, organizational change or organizational commitment and job satisfaction regression analysis showing significant positive correlation, some assumptions in this study are all set up, which means the military in recent years, the main gauge for organizational change performed by the financial sector is quite have success.

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HONG, HAN-CHIN, i 洪漢秦. "Enhancing Service Innovation through QR Codes in Finance Dispersing Procedures_Case Study in the R.O.C. Military Finance System". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/sm76wp.

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碩士
實踐大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
105
This study is to discuss the influence of applying QR code techniques during the finance dispersing procedures within the R.O.C. military as a government service innovation. Due to various constraints and limits when dealing with protocols in the military in order to provide security for personal data and information, some procedures are rather considered time consuming. If there were a method to both enhance security protocols and improve the finance dispersing procedure, both internal and external consumers can benefit from it. This case study has shown us that when QR code techniques are adapted in the dispersing procedure, internal control is enhanced, human error is reduced and the process is more efficient than before. Although during the issue of this case study, the Financial Information System program modifications are still taking place, applying the QR code technique into the dispersing system still indicates a significant positive impact on the service innovation in the financial field of the R.O.C. military.

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Wu, Cheng Tai, i 吳政台. "The Military Finance of the Shunzhi Reign of the Qing Dynasty". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02803702750999765476.

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碩士
國立中興大學
歷史學系所
95
After Qing dynasty conquered Bejin(1644),it was not only keeping united China by force but also started to improve and rebuild its system of finance for the military activities. It was the hinge, how Shanzhi Reign successfully projected his military finance, of whether he could conquer China or not. So the research of Shunzhi Reign’s military finance is more important for realizing the process of how Qing dynasty conquer China successfully. This paper mainly discusses the problems Shanzhi Reign encountered like tax、 military expense and local cooperating finance policy etc. In this paper we also discuss how Shanihi Reign resolved those problems. Because many data and files were not preserved well, it is very difficult to research it , especially , making sure some detail or correct time of the military finance and policy. But this paper still provide some new perspectives and new discussions. Although many scholars had researched the history of Shanzhi dynasty and the early Qing dynasty but they didn’t frequently notice its military finance yet. And I hope this paper could provides some different points to discuss and view it.

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30

HER, LI CHYI, i 李祈和. "Applications of Web Services in Military Finance and Budget Information Systems". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98706726405565907379.

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Lee, Paul. "Finance and financial policy in defence contingencies". Thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144265.

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HUA, LEE CHI, i 李奇樺. "A Study on Internal Auditing and Control Enhancement for Military Finance with Data Mining Technology". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17004795447308136077.

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碩士
國防管理學院
國防資訊研究所
93
Abstract Basing on an internal control and internal auditing viewpoints for defense organizations, this study collects defense finance auditing violation events from the Ministry of Auditing in the 2001~2003 fiscal year budget execution period. This study applies data mining schemes, Kohonen neuron network and C5.0/See5 decision tree algorithm, to build an analysis model and tries to find the reasons why finance violation events could be caused and the correlations among the attributes of data. The research result could be used to prevent finance violation events. After normalizing the raw data, 1966 records are used to analyze further. All 1966 records are randomly divided into two categories, training and testing, according to a 60/40 ratio. The 11 attributes that would impact finance violation events are extracted. Moreover, analyzing “returned case character” further, 27 rules which can be divided into 6 categories are found. All decision rules have their confidence levels. Among 27 decision rules, there are 19 decision rules (70.37%) have 0.7 confidence level. Moreover, there are 10 decision rules (37.03%) are over 0.9 confidence level. The analysis model proposed in this study would help military internal auditing personnel to predict which organization might cause finance violation events and adopt some prevention measures to improve an organization finance operation performance. Keyword: Military budget, Internal control, Internal auditing, Data mining, Kohonen neuron network, C5.0/See5 decision tree

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Liu, Cheng-Yeh, i 劉政燁. "Military personnel Financial cognitive, behavioral finance research and Retirement Financial Planning - A Case Study of Artillery in Yunlin". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y2qk73.

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碩士
義守大學
財務金融學系
105
In this study, we use the questionnaires to analyze the financial awareness military, financial status and retirement financial planning behavior for artillery units in the Yunlin County artillery. Convenience sampling method using questionnaires, the Commission requested the camp director, Colonel political warfare on behalf of questionnaires, analyze and recover data after a deduction basis.Use the research tools include: In financial awareness military, financial and military conduct military retirement financial planning, Combined with Wang Chuan Di （2006）, Wen Tengguang （2007）, arbutus bell （2010）, and Xu Tingting （2014） and others related to the questionnaire about personal finance. The information collected with descriptive statistics, correlation statistics, reliability analysis, single factor analysis of variance and chi-square test for processing. Conclusions are summarized as follows: 1. Financial management and cognition soldiers by inter-growth environment, family background, personal education, peer interaction and influence. 2. The view that the military retirement status and economic conditions affect personal lives. 3. The choices of financial instruments are effected by the military influence national policies more tend to be conservative. 4. Military planning for their retirement positive bias. 5. Retirement financial planning and financial behavior is closely related to the military, and the military retirement plan their quality, the use of more conservative, low-risk and low profitability （or relatively open and also high-risk high-reward） financial behavior. According to the above summarized the focus, we learn financial concepts of Yunlin County artillery forces soldiers will be affected by factors surrounding living environment, economic situation, national policy, retirement planning, and wealth management behavior.collected the Yunlin County artillery OOO questionnaire data, which is valid OOO, the effective ratio of OO%. According to the present study, we can clearly understand that the military forces of the artillery of Yunlin County, the current spending habits and future retirement financial planning, even for artillery Press wages in planning and individual retirement plans, to avoid improper use of money after ex cause families to lose balance.

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Fulton, Lawrence Van 1966. "Performance of army medical department health delivery components, 2001-2003: a multi-model approach". Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1492.

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Deng, Yong-Qi, i 鄧永棋. "The Relationships among Personal Traits, Organization Climate, and Job Performance: Empirical Evidence from the Military Budget Finance Officers in Taiwan". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f7je78.

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碩士
中原大學
國際貿易研究所
99
Facing the serious competition of globalization, owning professional employees is one of the ways for company to maintain competitive advantage. Professional employees can be obtained from inner-training or outside recruitment and selection. Thus, the criteria of recruitment and selection become very important. Realizing employees’ personality and organizational climate benefit the company. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among personality, organizational climate, and job performance and to figure out the effect degree of personality and organizational climate on job performance. The object of this study is the group of the financial military officers randomly. The method of this study adopted questionnaire and took personality and organizational climate as the independent variables. Job performance is the dependent variable. The statistical analysis, such as statement statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis, was implemented in this research. With this method, the author can testify the interpretation degree and the effects of the personality and organizational climate on the job performance and discuss how organizational climate affects job performance if the difference of the personality exists. The results of this study indicated that different people have remarkable difference in personality, organizational climate, and job performance. There are positive relationship among personality, organizational climate, and job performance. Different personality can enhance the job performance via organizational climate. The attribution of this study can offer company references about the relationship among employees’ personality, organizational climate, and job performance. The finding can be used in the human resource recruiting, managing, and developing.

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36

LiuHsin-yi i 劉欣怡. "Study on the Factors Effecting the Perceived Beliefs of Military Finance Officers in Cash System: An Application of TAM Theory". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93354151197365952400.

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碩士
崑山科技大學
企業管理研究所
95
Computer science and technology is combined with the network which make information to transmit so fast and to break the national boundaries all over the world and to form the globalization trend. While facing the increasingly vigorous condition make use of information science and technology to maintain competitive advantage is necessary. The enterprises all round the world all adopts information science and technology to complete various business works inside the enterprise, such as the army of small scaled enterprise being as the same. According to the convenience that information bring when turning, the army applies information science and technology to various administration managements extensively to promote performance. Several years the army carry on the Jing Solid Case（精實案）, making the lord in the soldier account, finance personnel the member sum is a great deal of decrease. The cash works such as accounting and cashier change a management to replace traditional artificial open account homework by the information computerization. However, whether the establishment of these information systems is perfect or not and meet the personnel's need? The study with technology acceptance model for theories foundation explores the influence of external factor (including computer self-efficiency, organizational support, social influence, system characteristics) on perceived beliefs of military finance officers in cash system. Two hundreds and twenty one account and finance personnel in army were sampled as subjects. The findings of regression analysis indicate that (1) both computer self- efficiency and the evaluation of system quality of cash system are the major determinants affecting the adoption of cash system, (2) such external variables as superior's support, peer usage, system quality and information quality etc., not only influences perceived usefulness of cash system directly, (3) but also the evaluation of system quality of cash system also influence with perceived ease of use to perceived usefulness indirectly. Finally, managerial implications for system researcher and directions for future research are presented.

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37

CHEN, XIAO-YUAN, i 陳曉緣. "A Study on the Interior and Exterior Influences on Job Well-being and Organizational Commitment of Military Finance Officers in Taiwan". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/684927.

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碩士
輔仁大學
統計資訊學系應用統計碩士在職專班
106
This study explored internal and external factors that affect the organizational commitment and job wellbeing of military finance officers in Taiwan, and the findings can serve as a reference for future policy development regarding the management of human resources and operations. This study examined military finance officers that serve the ROC Armed Forces and compared the effects of different demographic variables on several constructs, namely job wellbeing, organizational commitment, work tolerance, work–family balance, and perceived external prestige (PEP). The relationships between constructs were then analyzed using structural equation modeling. The questionnaire was distributed to 930 respondents, and 839 valid responses were collected to result in a valid response rate of 90.2%. Findings were as follows: (a) High-rank personnel (such as lieutenant colonel and colonel) exhibited greater job wellbeing, organizational commitment, and work tolerance compared with their counterparts at other ranks. (b) Work–family balance was affected by favorable psychological adjustment. Moreover, official duties tended to reduce the amount of time participants spent with family, thus decreasing work–family balance. (c) The overall recognition regrading PEP of the ROC Armed Forces was low; hence, improving PEP is a key goal for the future. (d) The effects of PEP on work–family balance and organizational commitment were mediated by job wellbeing. According to the aforementioned findings, this study recommends that the competent authorities focus on establishing a favorable image of the ROC military, showing concern for work–family balance among military finance officers, and shaping a healthy workplace culture to enhance the physical and psychological wellbeing and organizational commitment of officers.

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Lai, Chien-Chang, i 賴建彰. "A Study on Key Successful Factors of an Information System Development – A Case of R.O.C. Military Budget and Finance Information Systems Development". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05488436249520378790.

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碩士
國防管理學院
國防資訊研究所
95
With military personnel reducing, it is necessary for the military to implement information systems. Since the military has limited resources can be used in information systems development; it is important for the military to have a proper resource planning and allocation in an information system development. What are the key success factors for the military in an information system development? The budget and finance information system case will be studied in this study. This study examines many literatures about key success factors of information system development and several possible key success factors are selected and customized. These factors can be divided into 3 dimensions, user, executive manager, and information technology expert. A questionnaire measure is adopted in this study. 125 valid questionnaires are collected. AHP is adopted to analyze weights of the key success factors. With the AHP analyzed results, this study finds separately the weights among the factors in the 3 dimensions. And the ascending importance of the budget and finance information system development is user, executive manager, and information technology expert. Keywords : information system, key success factor, AHP, military budget and finance information system

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Liu, Ting Yu, i 劉定宇. "A Study of Assessing Project Maturity of CMMI Level 5 Organization by Applying OPM3－Illustrated by Outsourcing Information Project of Military Finance and Comptroller Organization". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86932435247515051850.

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碩士
國防大學管理學院
資訊管理學系
99
The information system outsourcing has become one of the common practices of strategies for modern companies to reach their enterprise goals. Facing the strong influence of personal downsizing, the Armed Forces now are also adopting this concept to acquire high quality of services within the planned schedule and the development cost. This study utilizes the organizational project management maturity model (OPM3) to asses and to evaluate the maturity of the outsourcing contractor’s program management. This assessment was conducted by the third party of independent expertise to assess and to evaluate the outsourcing contractor who had passed with the CMMI Level 5 certification. The result of the assessment will help the outsourcing contractor to improving its program management skill and furthermore, to insure the successfulness of the outsourcing case. The study showed that the maturity of outsourcing project management only scored as 57% and was not as good as expected. In theory, the maturity of the CMMI organization should have the maturity performance above the average. This study also revealed that the time management and the communications management of the outsourcing project needs lots of improvements. The assessment showed that even with the CMMI level 5 certified contractor, there still exist spaces for improvement in the project management maturity. If actions were to be taken to address those shortages identified tin this study, it will greatly benefit the organization project management maturity and improve the rate of success in the outsourcing cases.

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40

Formicola, Fabiana. "Il Sistema della Sanità Militare nella Guardia di Finanza e le nuove problematiche cliniche. L’esperienza dell’Ufficio Sanitario della regione Veneto nella prevenzione e cura dell’obesità nel personale in servizio". Tesi di dottorato, 2020. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/13213/1/FORMICOLA_FABIANA_32.pdf.

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Il presente elaborato prevede un excursus iniziale sulla radici e la storia della Sanità Militare, ponendo l’accento sulle dinamiche organizzative all’Interno della Guardia di Finanza. La prima parte del lavoro intende fornire una riflessione articolata sulle funzioni della Sanità Militare rispetto a scenari che, essendo in costante evoluzione, richiedono un adattamento efficace alla risoluzione del proprio compito al mutare delle condizioni di riferimento. In questa trattazione, verranno considerati gli aspetti intrinseci e comuni ad ogni Sanità Militare e le diverse risposte e soluzioni organizzative messe in atto nello specifico dalla Guardia di Finanza quale Forza di Polizia ad ordinamento militare. Nella seconda parte verrà trattato lo studio svolto nell’ambito della Guardia di Finanza nella Regione del Veneto, focalizzato su una delle patologie che dai dati in possesso si è rivelata di particolare interesse clinico: l’obesità.

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41

Hawkins, John Michael. "The Limits of Fire Support: American Finances and Firepower Restraint during the Vietnam War". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151185.

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Excessive unobserved firepower expenditures by Allied forces during the Vietnam War defied the traditional counterinsurgency principle that population protection should be valued more than destruction of the enemy. Many historians have pointed to this discontinuity in their arguments, but none have examined the available firepower records in detail. This study compiles and analyzes available, artillery-related U.S. and Allied archival records to test historical assertions about the balance between conventional and counterinsurgent military strategy as it changed over time. It finds that, between 1965 and 1970, the commanders of the U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV), Generals William Westmoreland and Creighton Abrams, shared significant continuity of strategic and tactical thought. Both commanders tolerated U.S. Army, Marine Corps, and Allied unobserved firepower at levels inappropriate for counterinsurgency and both reduced Army harassment and interdiction fire (H&I) as a response to increasing budgetary pressure. Before 1968, the Army expended nearly 40 percent of artillery ammunition as H&I – a form of unobserved fire that sought merely to hinder enemy movement and to lower enemy morale, rather than to inflict any appreciable enemy casualties. To save money, Westmoreland reduced H&I, or “interdiction” after a semantic name change in February 1968, to just over 29 percent of ammunition expended in July 1968, the first full month of Abrams’ command. Abrams likewise pursued dollar savings with his “Five-by-Five Plan” of August 1968 that reduced Army artillery interdiction expenditures to nearly ten percent of ammunition by January 1969. Yet Abrams allowed Army interdiction to stabilize near this level until early 1970, when recurring financial pressure prompted him to virtually eliminate the practice. Meanwhile, Marines fired H&I at historically high rates into the final months of 1970 and Australian “Harassing Fire” surpassed Army and Marine Corps totals during the same period. South Vietnamese artillery also fired high rates of H&I, but Filipino and Thai artillery eschewed H&I in quiet areas of operation and Republic of Korea [ROK] forces abandoned H&I in late 1968 as a direct response to MACV’s budgetary pressure. Financial pressure, rather than strategic change, drove MACV’s unobserved firepower reductions during the Vietnam War.

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