Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Migrants”
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Sarabia, Heidy. "Citizenship in the Global South: Policing Irregular Migrants and Eroding Citizenship Rights in Mexico". Latin American Perspectives 46, nr 6 (17.08.2018): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x18792007.
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Research on the consequences of being an undocumented migrant has focused mostly on the experiences of migrants in the Global North. Examination of experiences in Mexico reveals the export by the United States of a transnational regime of illegality that has transformed the citizenship rights of Mexican migrants in their own territory. La investigación sobre las consecuencias de ser un migrante indocumentado se ha centrado principalmente en las experiencias de los migrantes en el Norte Global. El examen de las experiencias en México revela la exportación por los Estados Unidos de un régimen transnacional de ilegalidad que ha transformado los derechos de ciudadanía de los migrantes mexicanos en su propio territorio.
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Barrett, Benjamin W., i T. Elizabeth Durden. "Banking on Remittances? How opening a bank account in the United States affects Mexican migrants sending money back to Mexico". Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 34, nr 2 (2018): 165–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2018.34.2.165.
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Data from 154 different Mexican communities, housed within the Mexican Migration Project (mmp), is used to explore the influence of U.S. assimilation on a Mexican migrant’s propensity to remit money back to Mexico. A migrant opening a U.S. bank account is employed as a proxy for assimilation. Sociodemographic, U.S. migration, and Mexican community control variables are included. It is found that a migrant opening a bank account during the last U.S. migration is associated with a reduced probability of remitting money back to Mexico, suggesting a shift in social and economic activity from Mexico to the U.S. for migrants abroad. Los datos de 154 comunidades mexicanas, agrupados en el Mexican Migration Project (mmp), se utilizan para explorar la influencia de la asimilación a Estados Unidos sobre los migrantes mexicanos, tomando en cuenta su propensión a enviar remesas de vuelta a México. La apertura de una cuenta bancaria en Estados Unidos por parte de un migrante se emplea como una forma subsidiaria de asimilación. Se incluyen variables sociodemográficas, de migración a Estados Unidos y de control de las comunidades mexicanas. Los hallazgos dicen que la apertura de una cuenta bancaria por parte de un migrante durante la última ola de migración a Estados Unidos se asocia a una menor probabilidad de enviar remesas de vuelta a México, lo cual sugiere un cambio en la actividad social y económica de México hacia Estados Unidos por parte de los migrantes en el extranjero.
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Zou, Jing, Liming Yao, Xiaoxuan Lan i Xiaojun Deng. "Promoting or inhibiting: The role of socio-economic integration on migrant entrepreneurship". Transactions in Planning and Urban Research 2, nr 4 (grudzień 2023): 432–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/27541223231216655.
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Entrepreneurship plays a key role in promoting the global economic growth. However, the association between socio-economic integration and migrant entrepreneurship goes unnoticed. Based on 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS), using a baseline regression model, Heckman two-stage model and IV Probit model, our research evidences a positive correlation between migrants’ integration into the society and their entrepreneurship. Specifically, for every standard deviation increase in the socio-economic integration level of migrants, the probability of having entrepreneurial engagement increases by 1.4%. Further findings indicates that migrant’s socio-economic integration is negatively correlated with migrant necessity-based entrepreneurship, while indicating a positive relationship between migrants’ socio-economic integration and opportunity-based entrepreneurship. The underlying mechanism of how socio-economic integration impacts migrant necessity-based entrepreneurship is through changes in the perception of difficulty and migrants’ settlement intention. The internal mechanism of how socio-economic integration influences migrant opportunity-based entrepreneurship is by changing localised social capital and migrants’ risk preference. More extensive investigations evidence that the degree of marketisation and the level of information have significant regulatory effect on the relationship between socio-economic integration and migrant entrepreneurship. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the relationship between socio-economic integration and migrant entrepreneurship varies across different levels of human capital, material capital and experience capital.
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Carmel, Emma, i Regine Paul. "Complex stratification: Understanding European Union governance of migrant rights". Regions and Cohesion 3, nr 3 (1.12.2013): 56–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2013.030304.
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This article examines how the EU regulates the rights of migrants as a matter of regional-level governance, and with what implications. To expose the differential logics behind the governance of migrant statuses by the EU, we compare the regulation of 12 legal categories of migrants, across three dimensions of rights: civil, economic, and social. We find that while asylum seekers are unequivocally subject to the most conditional regulation of rights, at the other end of the hierarchy, EU citizens' rights are subject to caveats and ambiguity. The allocation of diverse statuses to migrants privileges different kinds of rights for different categories of migrants, and does not construct clear hierarchies of rights or statuses. This complex stratification of migrant rights highlights the important role of EU-level regulation in generating a migrant rights regime, with substantive implications for migrants entering and living in the European Union.Spanish Este artículo examina cómo la Unión Europea (EU) regula los derechos de los migrantes como una cuestión de gobernanza a nivel regional, y sus consecuencias. Para exponer las lógicas diferenciales detrás de la gobernabilidad de los estatus migratorios de la UE, los autores comparan la regulación de doce categorías legales de migrantes, a través de tres dimensiones de derechos: civiles, económicos y sociales. Un notable hallazgo es que mientras los solicitantes de asilo son inequívocamente sujetos a la regulación más condicional de sus derechos, en el otro extremo de la jerarquía, el estatus de los derechos de los ciudadanos de la UE está supeditado a advertencias y ambigüedad. Para otras categorías de migrantes reguladas por la UE no se observaron jerarquías claras en ninguna de las dimensiones de los derechos, y la asignación de diversos estatutos a los inmigrantes es tal que instituye una compleja estratificación que privilegia diferentes tipos de derechos para las diferentes categorías de migrantes. La emergente estratificación compleja de los derechos de los migrantes en la gobernanza europea, tiene implicaciones más amplias para los derechos de los migrantes dada su articulación con la normatividad coexistente de los Estados miembros. French Cet article examine comment l'UE réglemente les droits des migrants à l'échelle régionale et ce que cela implique. Afin d'exposer les logiques différentielles qui se situent derrière la gouvernance des statuts des migrants par l'UE, nous souhaitons ici comparer la réglementation de douze catégories légales de migrants, à travers trois dimensions des droits de l'homme: civils, économiques et sociaux. Nous constatons que les demandeurs d'asile sont sans conteste soumis à la réglementation la plus conditionnelle des droits l'homme tandis que, de l'autre côté de l'échelle, les droits de l'homme des citoyens de l'UE font l'objet de circonspection et d'ambiguïté. Pour ce qui est des autres catégories de migrants réglementées par l'UE, on n'observe de hiérarchies précises dans aucune des dimensions des droits de l'homme et la répartition des divers statuts de migrants représente une stratification complexe dans laquelle sont privilégiés les différents types de droits pour les différentes catégories de migrants. Cette stratification complexe des droits des migrants souligne le rôle important que joue la gouvernance de l'Union européenne dans la conception d'un régime des droits des migrants et les implications significatives qu'elle a sur les migrants qui entrent et vivent dans l'Union Européenne.
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Sambou, Césarine. "« Tu es devenu toubab »". Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, nr 34 (29.09.2020): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.034.04.
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La migration et le retour temporaire dans la société de départ sont des moments importants, tant pour le migrant que pour sa famille restée au pays. Les proches non migrants attendent beaucoup du migrant qui revient en termes de solidarité et de redistribution des richesses accumulées en Europe. À partir d’une enquête qualitative multisituée à Bordeaux auprès de migrants originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne et de leurs familles au Sénégal et au Burkina Faso, cette étude présente les enjeux du retour temporaire au prisme des attentes de la famille non migrante. Les résultats montrent comment les migrants originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne, qui rencontrent des difficultés à répondre aux attentes de la famille non migrante, sont étiquetés de « toubab », et les effets de cet étiquetage sur le plan social, familial et identitaire.
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Sricharoen, Thitiwan. "Migration and Remittances: Evidence from Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao Migrant Workers". 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, nr 1 (9.12.2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(29).
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The purpose of research deals with leading questions regarding migration, concentrating on migration remittances, and management relating to remittance. The survey was conducted in 2018. Five hundred and eleven migrant workers from these source countries-Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao, were interviewed. This research applies probit regression analysis. The results show that repeated migrants who are not first-time migrant, are a highly specific group with 54.74%. First-time migrants are most likely to send remittances home while working in Thailand, accounting for 2,826 Baht per month. However, this number decrease with the second-time migrants send remittances about 2,331 Baht per month. Saving behavior is similar between first-time migrants and second-time migrants, who save a portion of their earnings. However, this number increases to 50% in the cases of third and subsequent migrants. The estimation of sending remittances of all migrant's nationalities. The variables that have the influence on remittances in the positive direction are these variables: being Cambodia migrants, burden of family, social assistance, being Myanmar migrant and household size, respectively. On the other hand, the variables that effect on remittances in the opposite direction are attain below primary school, education (in year), real estate owned, and number of migrating household members in Thailand, respectively. The results show that those who finished below primary school are more likely to send remittances, compared with those who finished above primary school. Main policy recommendations are: bank should decrease money transferring cost; employers should pay salary through banking accounts; migrants should remit money through formal channels. Keywords: Migration, Remittance, International Migration, Myanmar Migrant, Cambodian Migrant, Lao Migrant.
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Hou, Meiling, Xiaoyan Zhou i Ronghao Jiang. "What Influences Family Migration Decision of China’s New Generation Rural-urban Migrants? A Multilevel Logistic Regression Analysis". Journal of Geographical Research 5, nr 4 (19.10.2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/jgr.v5i4.4996.
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The massive scale of new-generation rural-urban migrants in China has attracted extensive scholarly attention in recent years. While previous studies on China’s rural migrant workers focus on migrants’ individual settlement intentions, migrant’s family migration decision-making and the intergenerational differences between the old-generation migrants and new-generation migrants are underexplored. Based on the data of 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this paper adopts a multilevel logistic regression approach to explore family and destination factors influencing family migration decision of China’s new generation rural migrant workers. The empirical results reveal that both the migrants’ family and destination attributes significantly influence their family migration decision. The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of family have been pivotal factors underlying family migration decision of China’s new generation rural-urban migrants, while 16.9% of the chances is explained by between-destination differences. Self-employed migrants with housing properties in host cities, long migration duration and high-income level are more likely to migrate with their family members. Yet, the possibility of family migration is found to be significantly and negatively correlated with the age, education level, number of children and inter-provincial mobility of the new generation migrant workers. In addition, new generation rural-urban migrants’ family migration is more likely to be found in cities with service-oriented industry structure, better environmental quality, and higher hukou barriers which is possibly related to more job opportunities. These research findings not only complement the existing literature on China’s new generation rural-urban migrants, but also have important policy implications for reforming hukou system and enhancing social integration of rural-to-urban migrant population.
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Geraldo, Denilson. "A solidariedade palotina com os migrantes | The pallottine solidarity with migrants". Caderno Teológico da PUCPR 6, nr 1 (15.12.2021): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/2318-8065.06.01.p106-121.
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O artigo apresenta o atual carisma palotino no apostolado com os migrantes em conexão com a Sagrada Escritura e o Magistério da Igreja, bem como a história vivida por São Vicente Pallotti. São quatro aspectos que se relacionam entre si, mas sistematicamente estudados: antes de tudo a experiência da migração no Antigo Testamento e o mandamento de Deus ao povo judeu para amar os migrantes, porque também eles foram migrantes no Egito. No Novo Testamento, Jesus Cristo foi identificado como migrante, quando a primeira comunidade cristã foi enviada a anunciar o Evangelho a todos os povos e recomendou a acolhida e a hospitalidade aos estrangeiros. O segundo ponto é a ação apostólica de Pallotti com os migrantes devido ao deslocamento em massa no século XIX e o cuidado necessário aos migrantes italianos, seja pela necessidade espiritual seja pela solidariedade social. Os primeiros Palotinos foram também para os Estados Unidos, Brasil, Argentina, Uruguai, entre outros países. A terceira parte é sobre o ensinamento da Igreja a respeito da migração, começando por Pio XII, passando pelo Vaticano II e alcançando o atual pontificado de Francisco. Em conclusão, há uma proposta para o apostolado universal e sinodal realizado pela família Palotina. The article presents the current Pallottine charism on the apostolate with migrants in connection with Holy Scripture and the Magisterium of the Church, as well as the history lived by St. Vincent Pallotti. There are four aspects that relate to each other but are systematically studied: first of all the experience of migration in the Old Testament and God's commandment to the Jewish people to love the migrant because he too was a migrant in Egypt. In the New Testament, Jesus Christ is identified as a migrant, while the first Christian community was sent to proclaim the Gospel to all peoples and recommended welcoming and hospitality to foreigners. The second point is Pallotti's apostolic action with migrants due to the mass displacement in the nineteenth century and the necessary care for Italian migrants both for spiritual necessity and social solidarity. The first Pallottines also went to the United States of America, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, etc. The third part is on the ecclesial teaching on migrations beginning with Pius XII, passing through Vatican II and achieving the current pontificate of Francis. In conclusion there is a proposal for the universal and synodal apostolate carried out by the Pallottine Family.
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Cojocari, Ion. "Offense of organizing illegal migration: subject of the offense". National Law Journal, nr 2(244) (grudzień 2021): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1811-0770.2021.2(244).14.
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The fight against trafficking of migrants is a common international concern that ensures the protection of the rights not to be subjected to slavery and conditions similar to slavery. This article deals with the subject of the crime of organizing illegal migration. Particular attention is paid to the status of the migrant, who under certain conditions can be considered the subject of the crime under consideration. In the Republic of Moldova, the trafficking of migrants is protected by the crime of “organizing illegal migration”. Paragraph 4 of Article 3621 of the Criminal Code, exonerates the migrant from criminal liability for the act prejudicial to the organization of illegal migration. However, the issue arises when the migrant is the object of the crime within the meaning of the Protocol against Trafficking of Migrants. The article analyzes the special quality of the subject of the crime and of the beneficiaries of international humanitarian protection. In the author’s opinion, there are many questions that need to be elucidated, such as: who is the subject of the crime? How old is he/she? What is the special subject of the crime, and what are the conditions when the migrant can be prosecuted? In the author’s view, in order to avoid violations of migrants’ rights, the Moldovan legislature must strengthen its position on the protection of migrants’ rights so that the national criminal law (which responsibly ensures the protection of migrants’ rights) complies with the Additional Protocol on Trafficking of Migrants, having as material object the migrant’s body (material object).
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Zuhair, Segu, Guneratne Wickremasinghe i Riccardo Natoli. "Migrants and self-reported financial literacy". International Journal of Social Economics 42, nr 4 (13.04.2015): 368–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2013-0203.
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Purpose – The issue of migrant financial literacy remains largely unresolved despite the increasing focus on financial literacy in general. The purpose of this paper is to provide a migrant-based approach to provide a snapshot of the self-reported levels of financial literacy specifically for a group of newly arrived culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrants. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire is employed to explore the financial literacy of selected migrant groups representing the regions of Africa, Asia and Europe. Findings – The findings reveal that: migrants are eager to seek further information to assist with their financial decision making; better access and utilisation of basic financial services seems to be an area where improvement is required; and self-reported financial literacy levels are influenced by education levels. Research limitations/implications – Although the research targets newly arrived CALD migrants, no claims can be made regarding the representation of CALD migrants as a whole. The research has implications with respect to the development of a more adequate provision of avenues for CALD migrants to utilise basic financial services. This paper provides recommendations for future research in this area. Originality/value – A migrant’s financial literacy is typically based on a “one-size-fits-all” questionnaire, which only provides a broad examination of financial literacy aspects. This study addresses this gap by undertaking a case study focused solely on newly arrived migrants.
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Eyenga Onana, Pierre Suzanne. "Itinéraire erratique et mutation identitaire dans "Desirada" de M. Condé". Anales de Filología Francesa 28, nr 1 (20.10.2020): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesff.425881.
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¿De qué manera el fenómeno de la inmigración hace que los migrantes cambien su identidad psicológica, socioprofesional y cultural hasta el punto de convertirse en híbridos? Basado en la sociocrítica de Henri Mitterand, este estudio está organizado en tres partes. En primer lugar, mostramos cómo la inmigración resulta ser un escollo en el proceso de construcción de la identidad del migrante, así como un trampolín para reinventarse en el espacio extranjero. A continuación, miramos la dimensión estética que nos permite captar la novela principalmente como una obra de arte y no como un libro de texto de historia. Por último, ilustramos que la identidad, en la obra de Condé, resulta de la suma de las culturas que el migrante encuentra a lo largo de su errático itinerario. How does the phenomenon of immigration cause migrants to change their psychological, socio-professional and cultural identities to such an extent that they become hybrids? Based on Henri Mitterand’s sociocriticism, this study is organized in three parts. First, we show how immigration proves to be a stumbling block in the migrant's identity-building process, as well as a springboard for reinventing oneself in the foreign space. Then we look at the aesthetic dimension that allows us to grasp the novel above all as a work of art and not a history textbook. Finally, we illustrate that identity, in Condé's case, results from the sum of the cultures that the migrant encounters throughout his or her erratic itinerary. Comment le phénomène de l’immigration engendre-t-il chez les migrants des mutations identitaires aux plans psychologique, socioprofessionnel et culturel au point d’en faire des êtres hybrides ? Se fondant sur la sociocritique d’Henri Mitterand, la présente étude s’organise en trois parties. D’abord, nous montrons comment l’immigration s’avère un écueil dans le processus de construction identitaire du migrant, autant qu’un tremplin pour la réinvention de soi-même dans l’espace étranger. Ensuite, nous nous intéressons à la dimension esthétique qui permet de saisir le roman avant tout comme une œuvre d’art et non un manuel d’histoire. Enfin, nous illustrons que l’identité, chez Condé, résulte de la somme des cultures auxquelles se confronte le migrant tout au long de son itinéraire erratique.
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Rodriguez, Robyn Magalit. "Philippine Migrant Workers' Transnationalism in the Middle East". International Labor and Working-Class History 79, nr 1 (2011): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547910000384.
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AbstractHow do migrants assert their rights as workers when they do not enjoy the rights of citizenship in their countries of employment and are unable to assert their human rights through international conventions? This article focuses on the work of Migrante-International's Middle East chapter in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, it examines the ways Philippine migrants strategically assert their rights as Philippine citizens transnationally in local labor struggles. This case study of transnational labor activism in a region where migrant workers enjoy limited rights not only highlights how migrants exercise their agency in spite of major obstacles, but it also offers up novel ways to think about worker organizing within the context of contemporary neoliberal globalization for labor activists and scholars concerned with the labor rights of migrants.
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Marla Isabel Fuentes Castro. "Integración del tema migratorio y refugiados en el currículo educativo colombiano: Una discusión necesaria". GACETA DE PEDAGOGÍA, nr 40 (20.08.2021): 302–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.56219/rgp.vi40.928.
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El presente artículo tiene como finalidad plantear algunas aproximaciones teóricas que sirvan de base para la integración de las temáticas referidas a la migración y a los refugiados dentro del currículo educativo colombiano. Se tomó como sustento la concepción de migrantes y refugiados, así como sus derechos educativos actuales. La metodología empleada se basó en la investigación documental y en el análisis hermenéutico. Todo esto permitió obtener como hallazgo principal el aumento de la población migrante y refugiada dentro del sistema educativo colombiano, lo que amerita la inclusión de esta en el currículo. Por tal motivo, se concluyó que es necesario que el currículo educativo colombiano ejecute mecanismos de inclusión que beneficien a las migrantes y refugiados y que estén basados en la equidad y la interculturalidad.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this article is to propose some theoretical approaches that serve as the basis for the integration of issues related to migration and refugees within the Colombian educational curriculum. The concept of migrants and refugees, as well as their current educational rights, was taken as sustenance. The methodology used was based on documentary research and hermeneutical analysis. All this made it possible to obtain as the main finding the increase in the migrant and refugee population within the Colombian educational system, which merits its inclusion in the curriculum. For this reason, it was concluded that it is necessary for the Colombian educational curriculum to implement inclusion mechanisms that benefit migrants and refugees and that are based on equity and interculturality.
Keywords: migrants, refugees, curriculum, integration.
RÉSUMÉ
Le but de cet article est de proposer des approches théoriques qui servent de base à l'intégration des questions liées à la migration et aux réfugiés dans le programme éducatif colombien. Le concept de migrants et de réfugiés, ainsi que leurs droits actuels en matière d'éducation, était considéré comme une source de subsistance. La méthodologie utilisée était basée sur la recherche documentaire et l'analyse herméneutique. Tout cela a permis d'obtenir comme résultat principal l'augmentation de la population de migrants et de réfugiés au sein du système éducatif colombien, qui mérite d'être incluse dans le programme. Pour cette raison, il a été conclu qu'il était nécessaire que le programme éducatif colombien mette en œuvre des mécanismes d'inclusion qui profitent aux migrants et aux réfugiés et qui reposent sur l'équité et l'interculturalité.
Mots clés: migrants, réfugiés, programme, intégration
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Jaji, Rose. "Transnational Migration and Reconfiguration of the Family in Zimbabwe". REMHU: Revista Interdisciplinar da Mobilidade Humana 30, nr 66 (wrzesień 2022): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-85852503880006613.
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Abstract The unprecedented transnational migration ensuing from the economic crisis in Zimbabwe has sociocultural impacts on both migrant and non-migrant family members. This article, which draws from qualitative research with migrants and non-migrants, discusses how migration upsets cultural configurations of the family in terms of marriage, parenthood, childhood, the gender and age division of labor, and family relations. Transnational migration has destabilized traditional family structures by creating relations and gender roles that challenge cultural and social values relating to both the nuclear and extended families. Transnational migration has also transformed the family’s place in the migrant’s life and vice versa in ways that deviate from the cultural norm.
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Kattler, Tia. "Medical Deportation in the United States as an Extension of State Sovereignty: Immigration Enforcement, State Surveillance and Migrant Health". McGill Journal of Global Health 12, nr 1 (26.04.2023): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/mjgh.v12i1.1197.
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Although the right to health is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the most fundamental rights of every human being, migrants encounter particular barriers in accessing health services and attaining adequate health states. There exists an interconnection between access to healthcare and precarious migrant statuses that put migrants at risk of being deported when seeking medical treatment. Medical deportation—also called medical repatriation—refers to the extralegal practice of forcibly removing immigrant and migrant patients to their country of origin to avoid the burden of costly hospital care. This analytical essay will investigate the logics and mechanisms behind medical deportation in the United States which facilitate the state’s production of sovereignty through the control and surveillance of migratory populations. This knowledge will be utilized to understand the barriers faced by irregular im/ migrant populations in seeking medical care and the implications of transnational labour migration and medical deportation on migrant health. Not only do irregular im/migrants face the risk of deportation when seeking medical care, shaping their health-seeking behaviours, but they are also commonly positioned in undesirable work situations that heighten their vulnerability to health risks. Moreover, the act of medical deportation neglects to consider an im/migrant’s ability to access adequate healthcare within their ‘home’ country, further placing im/migrants in precarious health circumstances.
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Mohideen, A. J. Haja. "COVID19 and Gulf Migration". Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 4, nr 1 (25.01.2024): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.4.1.13.
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The Covid-19 and the resultant contraction in the Gulf economies affected the migrant workers, their dependents in home countries who depend on remittances from Gulf. It exposes the high degree of vulnerability and enforced the Gulf governments to push economic, and financial reforms to protect and maintain labour market stability which resulted in migrant’s unemployment. The slowdown had negative impact on migrant workers of Construction, aviation and tourism sectors. Decline in income, loss of employment, seeking part-time employment as an alternative financial source to offset their full or partial loss of jobs, non-payment of monthly rents, low level of assistance by embassies and non-eligibility for medical insurance were the problems impacted migrants. The pandemic intensifies the nationalization efforts in gulf region. They began to impose taxation on migrant workers which raised their cost of living. Recent trends in Gulf region indicate a ray of hope and optimistic future for the migrant workers. The GCC has realised the vital role of migrants in the development plans. Labour sending countries have to improve the skills of migrants to meet the changing demands of Gulf labour market.
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Beck, Scott A., i Alma D. Stevenson. "Migrant Students Scaffolding and Writing Their Own Stories: From Socioculturally Relevant Enabling Mentor Texts to Collaborative Student Narratives". Voices from the Middle 23, nr 1 (1.09.2015): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/vm201527485.
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Children of migrant farmworkers drop out of school more than any other group. They need and deserve academic support that is socioculturally relevant to their lives. This article describes an innovative summer literacy program for intermediate and middle level children of migrant farmworkers that presented them with more than two dozen children’s picture story books with migrancy themes and systematically documented their responses to the books. Then, using these mentor texts and their responses as scaffolding, the students collaborated to create semi-autobiographical, illustrated narratives about growing up as migrants. These student-created CPSBs challenge our society’s erasure of and hostility toward migrants.
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Tian, Xiujuan, Jiankun Hu, Caiping Zhang i Yang Zhao. "Housing expenditure and home purchasing behaviors of rural-urban migrants in China". China Agricultural Economic Review 9, nr 4 (6.11.2017): 558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-12-2016-0201.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the housing behaviors of rural-urban migrant workers in China and the associated socioeconomic determinants. Design/methodology/approach The authors developed a model to empirically identify the effects of income in multi-dimension, destination expected to live in the future, local housing policy, and a set of individual characteristics on housing-related expenditure and home purchase of rural-urban migrants. A survey data collected by the Development Research Center of the State Council was employed. Findings The results showed that migrants’ expecting place to live in the future is a significant factor influencing their housing-related decisions. Including migrant workers in local housing security system of the host city could also significantly improve their incentive to purchase home. Income jointly with income stability affects migrants’ housing-related expenditure positively, but has an insignificant effect on home purchases in host city. The cost to buy home in city is still far away from migrant’s affordability is a likely explanation. Originality/value To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study aiming to investigate rural-urban migrants’ housing behavior in host city and to empirically identify the associated influencing factors.
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Porraz Gómez, Iván Francisco. "JUVENTUD MIGRANTE DEL SUR. APUNTES PARA SU CONSTRUCCIÓN CONCEPTUAL". Revista Pueblos y fronteras digital 10, nr 20 (1.12.2015): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cimsur.18704115e.2015.20.38.
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La migración de la población joven en la actualidad implica dinámicas y problemáticas particulares que deben ponerse a la vista para ayudarnos a entender dicho fenómeno. El análisis de la juventud migrante del sur impone la necesidad de replantearse algunas aproximaciones a su estatuto conceptual. En particular, se enfatiza que casi todas las investigaciones asumieron al migrante como un sujeto homogéneo, dotado, eso sí, de las condiciones físicas para su incursión en un mercado laboral no propio de su país, lo que supuso que mayormente fueran migrantes de edad adulta y jóvenes «maduros», como ocurrió durante muchos años de experiencia migratoria en México.
NOTES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF MIGRANT YOUTH FROM THE SOUTH
The current migration of youth implies specific dynamics and issues that must be evidenced in order to contribute towards an understanding of this phenomenon. An analysis of youth migrating from the south demands a reformulation of some approaches to how this notion is constructed conceptually. In particular, it should be highlighted that most pieces of research assumed migrants as a homogeneous subject, endowed of course with the physical conditions to join a labor market outside their country. The assumption was that the majority of migrants were adults and «mature» youth, as occurred for many years during the migration experience in Mexico.
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Nilsson, Anna L. K., Thomas Alerstam i Jan-Åke Nilsson. "Do Partial and Regular Migrants Differ in Their Responses to Weather?" Auk 123, nr 2 (1.04.2006): 537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/123.2.537.
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AbstractPartial migration is often considered a transitory stage between migration and residency, and whether partial migrants take weather conditions into account during migration is largely unknown. To assess whether partial migrants differ from regular migrants in their responses to weather, we compared the migratory intensity of a partial migrant, the Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus), with more regular migrants in relation to weather at a migratory passage site in southern Sweden (Falsterbo) during the years 1993–2002. The regular migrants in the study were Linnet (Carduelis cannabina), Common Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), Brambling (F. montifringilla), and European Robin (Erithacus rubecula). The Blue Tit differed from the regular migrants mainly in showing a striking negative correlation between migratory activity and cloud cover. Also, weather had the highest explanatory power for migratory intensity in the Blue Tit. This suggests that the Blue Tit is more sensitive to weather conditions on migration than the regular migrants and that it preferably awaits days with wholly or partly clear skies before migrating past Falsterbo. As a consequence, Blue Tits usually restrict their migratory flights to the safest occasions, with relatively calm weather, good visibility, and all orientation cues (solar as well as magnetic) available.¿Difieren los Migrantes Parciales y Regulares en sus Respuestas al Clima?
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Pal, Navita, i Rama Pal. "Motives behind remittances". International Journal of Social Economics 46, nr 6 (10.06.2019): 775–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2018-0444.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate whether the motives behind sending remittances differ for the migrants from single- and multi-migrant families in India. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the second round of India Human Development Survey conducted in the year 2012 to analyse migrant’s motives using the two-part model and the sample selection model (SSM). Here, the probit model is used to model whether the migrant sends the remittances and then the amount of remittances is modelled using the ordinary least squares method. The SSM assumes that these two decisions are interdependent. This migrant-level study is the first to segregate single- and multiple-migrant settings and compare them for the existence of altruism or inheritance motives. Findings The findings indicate altruism as the main motive behind remittances for the single migrants in India. On the other hand, presence of inheritance motive is evident along with altruism in the multi-migrant setting. Research limitations/implications The analysis is restricted due to limited availability of information on migrant as the data are collected from the migrant’s family at origin. Originality/value This is the first study to use a unique nationally representative survey which enables it to point out differences in the motives behind remittances for the single-migrant and multi-migrant settings in India.
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Chu, Feng-Yuan, Hsiao-Ting Chang, Chung-Liang Shih, Cherng-Jye Jeng, Tzeng-Ji Chen i Wui-Chiang Lee. "Factors Associated with Access of Marital Migrants and Migrant Workers to Healthcare in Taiwan: A Questionnaire Survey with Quantitative Analysis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, nr 16 (8.08.2019): 2830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162830.
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In Taiwan, migrants come mostly for marriage and work. Several researchers have conducted health-related studies of marital migrants and migrant workers, but the access of the two groups to healthcare has not been studied. Therefore, our study investigated the factors associated with migrants’ access to healthcare, with the main foci being marital migrants and migrant workers in Taiwan. A structured and cross-sectional questionnaire was anonymously self-administered by migrants recruited to participate in this survey on a voluntary basis from 11 medical centers and 11 migrant-helping associations in Taiwan between May 1st and September 21st, 2018. A total of 753 questionnaires were analyzed. The majority of marital migrants (n = 243) and migrant workers (n = 449) surveyed were enrolled in Taiwan’s National Health Insurance system (92.7 vs. 93.5%, p = 0.68). More of the migrant workers (n = 205) than the marital migrants (n = 42) encountered language barriers while seeking medical services (48.0 vs. 17.1%, p < 0.001). A professional interpreter at the point of care was considered important by more of the migrant workers (n = 316) than the marital migrants (n = 89) (70.2 vs. 39.6%, p < 0.001). Although more than 90% of the surveyed migrants were enrolled in the health insurance system in Taiwan, many, especially among the migrant workers, still faced language barriers while seeking medical services.
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Chen, Jie, i Mingzhi Hu. "CITY-LEVEL HUKOU-BASED LABOR MARKET DISCRIMINATION AND MIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN CHINA". Technological and Economic Development of Economy 27, nr 5 (5.07.2021): 1095–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2021.15006.
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A previously undocumented association between city-level degree of hukou-based labor market discrimination and migrant’s individual entrepreneurship engagement is examined. Applying the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition analysis on the micro data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) suggests that hukou-based labor market discrimination can on average explain a 6.3% differential in personal income for rural migrants relative to otherwise identical urban migrants. A one standard deviation increase in a city’s average hukou-based labor market discrimination is associated with roughly 2.9 percentage point higher of entrepreneurship rate among rural migrants, holding other things equal. Furthermore, city-level hukou-based labor market discrimination is associated with much higher propensity for engagement in necessitybased entrepreneurship compared with opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Our empirical work also suggests that the association between city-level hukou discrimination and migrant entrepreneurship is more prominent for people with middle level of education, young people, married people, and renters. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.
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Belzunegui-Eraso, Ángel, i Juan Antonio Roche Cárcel. "Testimonios y emociones narradas y fotografiadas en la Enciclopedia de los Migrantes". Empiria. Revista de metodología de ciencias sociales, nr 47 (13.05.2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/empiria.47.2020.27425.
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En este artículo se analiza una selección de cartas escritas por migrantes y de imágenes fotográficas realizadas a ellos y recogidas en la obra Enciclopedia de los Migrantes, fruto de una investigación y de la creación artística financiado por la UE y elaborado simultáneamente en 8 ciudades de Francia, España, Portugal y Gibraltar. Las cartas están dirigidas a una persona que quedó en su tierra de procedencia y explican sus vivencias personales, sus emociones, sentimientos y percepciones en relación al proceso migratorio. Las imágenes fueron realizadas por un fotógrafo artístico bajo la premisa de que tanto el escenario como los objetos retratados fueran elegidos por la propia persona migrante. Los retratos realizados fueron concebidos como una clase de etnofotografia, en la que se analiza tanto las imágenes y sus contenidos (mediante el método de análisis iconológico), particularmente la concepción del cuerpo y de las emociones de los migrantes.This article analyzes a selection of letters written by migrants and photographic images made to them, and collected in the work Encyclopedia of Migrants. The work is the result of research funded by the EU and developed, simultaneously, in 8 cities in France, Spain, Portugal and Gibraltar. The letters are addressed to a person who stayed in their homeland and explain their personal experiences, their emotions, feelings and perceptions regarding the migratory process. The images were made by an artistic photographer under the premise that both the stage and the objects portrayed were chosen by the migrant himself. The portraits were conceived as a kind of ethnophotography in which the images and their contents are analyzed simultaneously (through the method of iconological analysis), particularly the conception of the body and the emotions of the migrants.
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Susilo i Meilinda Trisilia. "Interregional Labor Migration and Its Role in Shaping Economic Growth: A Case Study of Casual Worker Migrants in Indonesia". Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 12, nr 1 (15.01.2024): e2218. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i1.2218.
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Purpose: This study analyzed the determinants and impacts of casual migrant workers that was conducted in East Java, which is known as one of highest economic growth area in Indonesia and experiencing a higher influx of migrants compared to migrants leaving the region. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs the two-step heckman method. The sample consists of workers who engaged in interregional migration within East Java on 2015. The sample was selected based on characteristics that align with the research requirements, extracted from secondary data derived from the 2015 inter-census population survey. The data type used is cross-sectional data. Findings: The research findings indicate that significant determinants of casual migrant workers are migrants of non-productive age, male migrants, migrants with non-bachelor's/diploma, unmarried migrants, migrants without family under 5 years old, migrants originating from predominantly wooden/board/earthen floors, migrants from higher minimum wage regions than the destination, non-metropolitan city migrants, and migrants from areas with a lower poverty rate than destination region, which are more likely to move and become migrants. The results for the significant impact of casual migrant workers on the economic sector are influenced by casual migrant workers originating from non-metropolitan city regions, which contribute the most to the destination region's GRDP. Research, practical & social implications: This study formulates policy strategies that can be employed by government to enhance the quality of human resources and expand employment opportunities, particularly for casual migrant workers, as an endeavor to boost economic growth in the destination regions of migration.
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Paarlberg, Afshan. "Migrant-Serving Organizations: Supporting U.S. Migrants with Safe Digital Access". Migration Letters 20, nr 3 (24.05.2023): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/ml.v20i3.2814.
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Migrants to the United States face technology, language, legal, cultural, and economic barriers. Without direct voter influence, migrants engage with and depend upon migrant-serving organizations to build identity, address negative scrutiny, overcome obstacles, and acclimate to society. In a growing and shifted digital landscape, migrant-serving organizations are vital to providing digital accessibility amongst migrants. This paper provides a literature review regarding digital accessibility amongst migrants. It offers recommendations for migrant-serving organizations in investigating barriers and program design that support the unique digital needs of migrants.
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Noiseux, Yanick. "Mondialisation, travail et précarisation : le travail migrant temporaire au coeur de la dynamique de centrifugation de l’emploi vers les marchés périphériques du travail". Recherche 53, nr 2 (20.09.2012): 389–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1012406ar.
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Trois exemples de programmes gouvernementaux favorisant l’essor du travail migrant en régime dérogatoire sur les marchés périphériques du travail sont ici examinés : 1) les travailleurs agricoles saisonniers migrants embauchés dans le cadre du Programme des travailleurs agricoles saisonniers (PTAS) ; 2) les aides domestiques migrantes embauchées dans le cadre du Programme des aides familiaux résidants (PAFR) ; 3) les travailleurs migrants temporaires dits « non qualifiés » embauchés dans le cadre du Projet pilote relatif aux professions exigeant un niveau réduit de formation. Dans l’après-fordisme, la logique de flexibilisation place le travail migrant temporaire au coeur d’une dynamique de précarisation par la centrifugation de l’emploi vers les marchés périphériques du travail. De plus, on observe l’instrumentalisation de cette main-d’oeuvre au rabais, non seulement exploitée, mais, encore, dans une stratégie d’éclatement d’un régime de travail de type universaliste.
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Reyes-Espiritu, Ma Adeinev M. "Homemaking in and with Migrant Churches as Communities of Care". Religions 14, nr 2 (15.02.2023): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14020257.
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Research on migration and religion reports the significance of religion to migrants, particularly those who self-identify as religious. In particular, migrant churches have served as a sanctuary, a venue for social networking, and a community supportive of migrants’ wellbeing, to name a few things. However, migrant churches are also criticized for the possibility of becoming instruments of control over migrants. Heeding Boccagni and Hondagneu-Sotelo’s invitation to use the “homemaking optic” to inquire into the experience of integration of migrants, this paper analyzes how migrant churches foster migrants’ becoming at home in the receiving societies using Philippine migrant communities as a case study. Data is gathered through semi-structured interviews with ministers and pastoral workers in migrant churches. The qualities that characterize their homemaking through belonging to and serving in a migrant church are “identifying with each other”, “creating a shared space”, “advocating for migrants’ rights and welfare”, “sharing resources”, and “adjusting to the receiving society”. The homemaking optic shifts attention towards the subjective realities of migrants against the background of various inequalities that present homemaking as a struggle for many. Migrant churches, through their values, beliefs, and practices, foster an atmosphere that welcomes, supports, encourages, and accompanies migrants towards becoming at home in the receiving country. Using practical theologian LaMothe’s three “dialectical pairs of personal knowing” proposed to underpin just care relationships, I present how migrant churches become communities of care when members, as care receivers, are recognized as they are and whose real “needs and desires” are acknowledged. In this study, the essential role of migrant churches in migrants’ homemaking is examined, emphasizing the notion that churches function as communities of care as they acknowledge the identities, subjectivities, and agency of their members.
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Kusuma, Yadlapalli, Sanjeev Gupta i Chandrakant Pandav. "Migration and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Neo-Migrants and Settled-Migrants in Delhi, India". Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 21, nr 4 (25.09.2009): 497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539509344114.
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Understanding the blood pressure (BP) distribution within populations is fundamental to an understanding of the etiology of cardiovascular diseases and to develop effective preventive strategies. This study focuses on whether the BP levels and hypertension prevalence differ between neo-migrants and settled-migrants in the city of Delhi. Data on BP, anthropometry, social variables, and demographic variables were collected from a cross-sectional sample of 226 settled-migrants and 227 neo-migrants. Men possessed significantly higher BP levels than women. Settled-migrants possessed higher BP levels, except diastolic BP in males. The prevalence of hypertension ranges from 15% (neo-migrant women) to 25% (settled-migrant men), with no significant gender differences. Group differences were significant for men. Hypertension was more prevalent in older settled-migrants and younger neo-migrants. Recent migration was found to be a significant contributor to hypertension prevalence. Age contributed significantly to BP variation in both groups except in neo-migrant men. Pulse rate also contributed to systolic BP among neo-migrant women and settled-migrant men. Thus, urban residence and migration to urban areas can be a leading cause of increased prevalence of hypertension. Neo-migrants were subjected to more lifestyle insults and the stress generated during the adjustment process may be contributing to rise of BP even at younger ages.
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Istamov, Kylychbek, Mher Beglaryan, Olga Goncharova, Konushbek Sakmamatov, Bolot Kyrbashov, Mukadas Mamytova, Indira Zairova, Gulzat Alumkylova i Divya Nair. "Delays in Treatment Initiation and Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Tuberculosis in the Kyrgyz Republic: Are There Differences between Migrants and Non-Migrants?" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, nr 8 (13.08.2023): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8080412.
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Migrants are at increased risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) and have poor treatment outcomes. The National TB program (NTP) of the Kyrgyz Republic recognizes two types of migrants: internal (intra-country) and external (inter-country) migrants. This cohort study compared the characteristics, timeliness of diagnosis and treatment initiation, and treatment outcomes of TB patients (internal migrant vs. external migrant vs. non-migrant) identified during treatment in the country in 2021. The TB treatment register and treatment cards of 5114 patients (156 internal, 430 external, and 4528 non-migrants) were reviewed. Risk factors (unemployment, smoking, alcohol use, and homelessness) were higher (p-value < 0.001) in internal (84%) than in external migrants (66%) and non-migrants (43%). The median delay in seeking care post-symptom onset was longer (p-value= 0.03) in external (30 days) than in internal migrants (21 days) and non-migrants (25 days). Successful treatment outcomes for drug-sensitive TB were higher in internal (89%, p-value = 0.012) and external migrants (86%, p-value = 0.001) than in non-migrants (78%). Internal and external migrants should be separately considered with respect to TB care and monitoring under the NTP. Success rates seem to be high in migrants, but our findings may be biased, as migrants with poor healthcare access may remain undetected and untreated and have undocumented poor outcomes.
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Langkulsen, Uma, Portia Mareke i Augustine Lambonmung. "Migrants and Healthcare during COVID-19, the Case of Kanchanaburi Province in Thailand". Healthcare 11, nr 20 (13.10.2023): 2724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11202724.
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Since the outbreak of COVID-19, as reported by the WHO in December 2019 and subsequently declared a public health emergency of international concern, a distinct set of risk factors and vulnerabilities faced by migrants are affecting their exposure to the pandemic and its associated outcomes. This study aims to analyze the social determinants of health among migrants and their associated factors and compare the socio-demographic characteristics, patterns of COVID-19, and healthcare attendance and utilization among migrant workers and non-migrants. A descriptive study design was used to analyze COVID-19 morbidity among migrant workers. There were a total of 73,762 migrants living in the province by December 2021, with varied statuses and nationalities. Most of the migrants were from Myanmar, constituting about 80.1%. A total of 24,837 COVID-19 cases in Kanchanaburi province were recorded in 2020–2021. COVID-19 cases among migrant workers accounted for 22.3% during the period under review. Half, 2914 (52.7%) of the migrant female workers were victims of COVID-19 infections. Persons under the age of 18 accounted for about one-fifth of all the COVID-19 cases. Older, over 60 years old, Thais had about twice (10.1%) the COVID-19 cases compared with the older migrants (5.5%). There was a significant increase in healthcare attendance and utilization by non-migrants and migrants during the year under review. Migrants are at high risk of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, public health guidance for the prevention of COVID-19 should prioritize safeguarding the health of migrants by considering their individual characteristics and actions. Enhancing health insurance schemes for migrants, particularly vulnerable migrant groups, is critical for inclusive and expanded healthcare access. Physical, social, and economic environments that impact the health and well-being of migrants should be integral to pandemic prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery.
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BAYKARA-KRUMME, HELEN, i LUCINDA PLATT. "Life satisfaction of migrants, stayers and returnees: reaping the fruits of migration in old age?" Ageing and Society 38, nr 4 (21.11.2016): 721–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x16001227.
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ABSTRACTThis paper evaluates the effects of migration on life satisfaction in later life. We compare the life satisfaction of older migrants with that of non-migrants and return migrants of a similar age and originating from the same regions in Turkey. Turks constitute one of the largest migrant groups in Europe, and the growing population of older Turkish migrants display greater risks of loneliness and material disadvantage compared to native-born populations in Europe. However, compared to their non-migrant peers from the country of origin, older migrants may experience gains from migration that are reflected in their life satisfaction. Using the 2000 Families Study, a large survey of Turkish migrants from the peak labour migration period and their non-migrant comparators, we investigate whether life satisfaction of migrants and stayers differs and the possible causes of any differences. We find that both migrants and return migrants experience higher life satisfaction in old age than stayers. However, the gap cannot be explained by the classical determinants of life satisfaction such as income, health, partner and friends, or religiosity, nor by the better outcomes of the migrants’ children. We discuss possible reasons for this migration satisfaction advantage.
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Glick, Jennifer, i Scott T. Yabiku. "Migrant children and migrants' children". Demographic Research 35 (29.07.2016): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/demres.2016.35.8.
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Kapustina, Ekarerina L. "MEAT FROM HOME: MODES AND MEANINGS OF THE MOVEMENT OF MEAT PRODUCTS FROM DAGESTAN TO THE CITIES OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC". History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 18, nr 3 (10.10.2022): 823–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch183823-842.
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The translocal mode of labor migration between the Republic of Dagestan and the Arctic and subarctic cities of Western Siberia gives rise to specific practices of materiality associated with the transportation of things between sending and receiving societies. Food products in this series occupy the most prominent place both in terms of the scale of transfers and in terms of their importance in the daily life of migrants from Dagestan in northern cities.
The article analyzes various options and mechanisms for the movement of meat and meat products through Dagestan migrant networks. Attention will be paid to the movement of meat as a multi-stage process - from its preparation in Dagestan to the organization of a storage system in a migrant's family. In this case, both commercial transfers and family and compatriot parcels will be of interest, since in both cases similar schemes can be used and the same networks are involved. Meat, intended primarily for migrants, becomes a migrant itself in the process of shipment, its appearance in the place of migration is endowed with meanings and characteristics associated with migration between these regions as a whole.
Through the role and scale of the use of Dagestan meat in the daily practices of migrants' nutrition, the article demonstrates one of the aspects of constructing the translocal world of Dagestanis working in Arctic cities. In particular, of interest are the reciprocity regime both within the migrant community and between migrants and non-migrants in Dagestan, as well as the construction of symbolic representations of an abandoned house and a house built in migration, reflection on the degree of complementarity of the material worlds of Dagestan and the north, their fundamental differences and benefits.
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Sricharoen, Thitiwan. "International Migrant Remittances and Saving from Thailand to Neighboring Countries". European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, nr 5 (31.10.2021): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.958.
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Remittances are a vital source of income for poor migrant sending countries. The purpose of research is to identify the determinants of remittances of migrant workers in Thailand, that are, Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao migrants. Data collection of 511 migrant workers in central region of Thailand. Methodology uses probit regression analysis. Research results present that the migrants are classified into three groups, which are, first time migration (45.21%), second times migration (26.81%) and third or more times migration (27.98%). Determinants of remittance of Cambodia migrants are first time migration, be registered or documented migrant, single status, household size and number of migrating household members in Thailand. Remittance of Myanmar migrants rely on social assistance, be documented migrant, number of months visit home in the last two years, length of stay in Thailand and number of migrating household members in Thailand. For Lao migrants, remittances are influenced by saving, male status, Income, be documented migrant, household size, real estate owned, and burden of family.
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Yeoh, Joanne Sin Wei, Quynh Lê, Daniel R. Terry i Rosa McManamey. "Having Enough Cultural Food? A Qualitative Exploration of the Experiences of Migrants in a Regional Area of Australia". Journal of Food Research 4, nr 2 (8.12.2014): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v4n2p16.
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<p>The notion of food security encompasses the ability of individuals, households and communities to acquire food that is healthy, sustainable, affordable, appropriate and accessible. Despite Australia’s current ability to produce more food than required for its population, there has been substantial evidence demonstrating that many Australians struggle to feed themselves, particularly those from a cultural and linguistically diverse (CALD) background. This qualitative phenomenological study investigated the experiences of food security among migrants in a regional area of Australia (Tasmania).</p> <p>33 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Tasmanian migrants. The interviews were analysed thematically using Nvivo 10.0 and three main themes emerged: (1) migrant’s experiences of food security in Tasmania; (2) the factors that influence migrant food security in Tasmania; and (3) acculturation strategies. Participants were satisfied with their current food security in Tasmania but they still encountered some challenges in the availability, accessibility and affordability of healthy and cultural food. Factors that influenced their food security were educational background, the language barrier, socioeconomic status, geographical isolation, and their cultural background. Migrants managed to adapt to the new food culture by using different acculturation strategies.</p> <p>Migrants residing in Tasmania encounter a diverse number of challenges pertaining to food security and use different food security strategies while acculturating to the new environment. These findings may inform other migrant communities in Australia, relevant non-government organisations and government departments and suggest strategies to address food security challenges among migrants.</p>
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Arendas, Zsuzsanna, Agnieszka Trąbka, Vera Messing, Marta Jadviga Pietrusińska i Dominika Winogrodzka. "Agency of Migrant Youth in Hostile Sociopolitical Environments: Case Studies from Central Eastern Europe". Social Sciences 12, nr 4 (4.04.2023): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12040210.
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This paper compares the integration of third-country youth in Poland and Hungary in two Central Eastern European contexts characterized by a hostile sociopolitical environment for migrants, right-wing policies, illiberalism, and regression in various related policy areas. Our article is based on a three-year EU-funded research project that investigated the integration of migrant youth in precarious circumstances (MIMY). It uses data from qualitative interviews conducted with migrant youth and thus focuses on the migrant’s perspective while exploring how coping and navigating such hostile environments occurs. The analysis is based on the concept of migrant agency in extremely difficult and complex sociopolitical situations. Our findings highlight the particular importance of the latter in these hostile environments. We argue that while the withdrawal of the state from integration has created difficult contexts for migrant youth, they exhibit different forms of agency, enabling them to adapt to opportunity structures. While these forms of agency are important and real, the structural constraints imposed by hostile states’ anti-immigration and anti-integration attitudes significantly limit migrants’ options for coping with everyday life.
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Sricharoen, Thitiwan. "Migration and Remittances: Evidence from Cambodia, Myanmar, and Lao Migrant Workers". GATR Journal of Business and Economics Review (JBER) Vol. 5 (2) April-June 2020 5, nr 2 (30.09.2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jber.2020.5.2(3).
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Objective – The purpose of research is to address and seek to answer leading questions concerning migration, with a focus on migration remittances, and management relating to remittance. Methodology/Technique – The survey was conducted in 2018. In this study, a total of 511 migrant workers from Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao were interviewed. The methodology of this research applies a probit regression analysis. Results – The findings show that repeated migrants who are not first-time migrants are a highly specific group with 54.74%. First-time migrants are most likely to send remittances home while working in Thailand, accounting for approximately 2,826 Baht per month. However, this number decreases among second-time migrants who typically send remittances of approximately 2,331 Baht per month. The saving behavior is not different between first-time migrants and second-time migrants, who save a portion of their earnings. Nonetheless, this number rises to 50% for third and subsequent migrants. An estimation of all migrant’s nationalities indicates that the variables that have the most influence on remittances in a positive way are: being of Cambodian nationality, experiencing a burden among their family, being in need of social assistance, being Myanmar migrants and household size, respectively. On the other hand, the variables that effect remittances in a negative way include: attaining below primary school education, an education level (in a year), real estate owned, and a number of migrating household members in Thailand, respectively. Novelty – The findings of this research show that those who graduate with less than primary level education are more likely to send money home compared to those who complete their primary school education. The policy recommendations made by this study include a recommendation that banks decrease money transferring costs, employers to pay salary through banking accounts, and migrants to remit money through formal channels. Type of Paper: Empirical. JEL Classification: F22, F24, J61. Keywords: International Migration; Remittances; Labor Mobility. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Sricharoen, T. 2020. Migration and Remittances: Evidence from Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao Migrant Workers, J. Bus. Econ. Review 5(2) 72 – 79 https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2020.5.2(3)
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Izcara Palacios, Simón Pedro. "Migrant Smuggling on Mexico’s Gulf Route: The Actors Involved". Latin American Perspectives 44, nr 6 (20.03.2017): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x17699911.
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Migrant flows crossing Mexican territory into the United States along the Gulf route are mainly driven by a demand for cheap labor. The decrease in the number of migrants wishing to cross the border to escape the violence in Mexico has turned undocumented migrants into a rare and valuable commodity. The increasing costs of migrant smuggling as a result of organized crime and the activities of the immigration authorities have prompted employers to finance this activity to ensure that they receive enough workers. In-depth interviews with 70 migrant smugglers shed light on the function and participation of the different actors involved in migrant smuggling. El flujo migratorio que atraviesa el territorio mexicano a través de la ruta del golfo para llegar a los Estados Unidos aparece impulsado principalmente por la demanda de mano de obra barata. El descenso del número de personas dispuestas a cruzar la frontera debido a la violencia que ha afectado a México ha convertido a los indocumentados en una mercancía escasa y valiosa. El incremento de los costes de esta actividad debido a la incursión de los grupos delictivos y las autoridades migratorias ha hecho que los empleadores hayan tenido que financiar el tráfico de migrantes para abastecerse de mano de obra. Entrevistas en profundidad a setenta polleros arrojan luz sobre la función y participación de los diferentes actores involucrados en el tráfico de migrantes.
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Vigneswaran, Darshan. "Migrant protection regimes: Beyond advocacy and towards exit in Thailand". Review of International Studies 46, nr 5 (20.11.2020): 652–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210520000339.
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AbstractInternational migrants are subject to many types of violence, such as trafficking, detention, and forced labour. We need an improved understanding of what protects migrants from such violence. The concept of ‘migrant protection regimes’ draws our attention away from formal rights advocacy and to both the informal dimensions of protection and the way migrants help determine the quality of protection they receive. ‘Migrant protection regimes’ are sets of rules and practices regarding who ought to protect whom. These regimes include formal rights to protection in the law and informal relationships that protect migrants from lawful violence by the state. They may be changed by ‘power grabs’, when sovereign actors seek to monopolise protection relationships, but also by ‘exits’, when migrants refuse to accept the protection on offer. The study demonstrates the value of these concepts by using them to explain an unlikely case: a change in laws concerning migrant protection in an authoritarian state: Thailand. Drawing on rich qualitative sources, the article reveals how, after a human rights advocacy campaign had placed migrants’ protection in jeopardy, a mass migrant exodus compelled the country's junta to offer migrants protection on better terms.
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Spallek, Jacob, Maria Schumann i Hajo Zeeb. "Utilization of prevention and health promotion among migrants". Public Health Forum 26, nr 2 (27.06.2018): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2018-0029.
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Abstract The uptake of existing preventive and health promotion offers by migrants in Germany is rather heterogeneous, and major information gaps are noted. Current results provide limited evidence that migrants and their children seem to use prevention and health promotion services less frequently than non-migrants. In order to improve access to preventive and other health services for migrants, a combination of migrant-specific and migrant-sensitive approaches seems to be useful.
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Knight, Julie. "The Complex Employment Experiences of Polish Migrants in the UK Labour Market". Sociological Research Online 19, nr 4 (grudzień 2014): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3520.
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Ten years after the most significant enlargement of the European Union (EU), academics and policymakers are still trying to understand the complexities and the experiences of the largest migrant group, the Poles. The main destination for the Polish migrants in the post-2004 period was the United Kingdom (UK). Significant attention has been paid to the economic and political implications of introducing a young, economically motivated migrant group to the UK, particularly during the recession. In regards to their work experience, the majority of the existing literature focuses on Polish migrants who take low-skilled positions when initially entering the UK and, as a result, contribute to the migrant paradox with high-skilled migrants taking low-skilled positions. This article will contribute to the other literature, which focuses on the Polish migrants’ ascent up the division of labour in the non-ethnic economy of the destination country. Using data gathered through semi-structured interviews with post-enlargement Polish migrants in 2008 and 2011 in Cardiff, this ascent, and the migrants’ work experience, is charted through migrant trajectories that were constructed from similarities identified in the sample. The findings highlight that not all of the Polish migrants in the UK may be contributing to the migrant paradox with several low-skilled migrants advancing up the division of labour. These findings have implications for migration policy at both the EU and the national level, particularly with the continued enlargement of the EU.
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Schütze, Carolin. "Attitudes matter—welfare work and migration in Sweden". Migration Studies 8, nr 3 (28.01.2019): 424–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mny/mny048.
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Abstract This paper investigates the factors that influence Swedish welfare workers’ attitudes towards migrants and how these attitudes are associated with their encounters with migrant users. Due to increased migration over the last decade, Sweden is now considered an immigrant nation. Migrants with the right to reside in Sweden are included within the larger welfare system. This paper argues that preconceived notions about migrants can affect the welfare services that they receive. Results from an online survey with a sample of 1,319 welfare practitioners reveal that welfare workers’ attitudes play a significant role when it comes to how they perceive their encounters with migrant users. The findings demonstrate that more favourable attitudes towards migrants were predicted mainly by personal contact with migrants and that different organisational contexts result in different experiences of encounters with migrant users. Less favourable attitudes towards migrants were primarily predicted by a strong ethnic national identity. Most importantly, the findings show that welfare workers’ who have more favourable attitudes towards migrants are less likely to perceive their encounters with migrant users as difficult. This paper contributes to welfare and migration research in two ways. First, this study provides additional support for previous claims from qualitative research by supporting the assumptions that preconceived negative ideas about migrants have meaning for practical welfare work. Second, this paper integrates two streams of research—attitude formation theory and street-level bureaucracy theory—thus expanding existing assumptions about what determines welfare practices with migrants.
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Liu, Ying-Ying Tiffany. "Unequal Interdependency: Chinese Petty Entrepreneurs and Zimbabwean Migrant Labourers". Studies in Social Justice 2020, nr 14 (27.03.2020): 146–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v2020i14.1872.
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Exploring the cultural politics of diasporic entrepreneurs and migrant labourers through an examination of Chinese restaurants in Johannesburg, this article presents what I call the “intra-migrant economy” amid everyday racialized insecurities in urban South Africa. I use the term “intra-migrant economy” to refer to the employment of one group of migrants (Zimbabwean migrant workers) by another group of migrants (Chinese petty capitalists) as an economic strategy outside the mainstream labour market. These two groups of migrants work in the same industry, live in the same city, and have established a sort of unequal employment relation that can be hierarchical and interdependentat once. Chinese migrants are socially marginalized but not economically underprivileged, which stands in contrast to Zimbabwean migrants, who remain economically underprivileged even though they speak local languages. Their different socioeconomic positions in South Africa are profoundly influenced by their nationality and racialization. Thisanalysis of their interdependency focuses on the economic and political structures that shaped the underlying conditions that brought Chinese and Zimbabwean migrants to work together in South Africa.
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Bhattacharjee, Mala Ray. "Mobility and morbidity of regular and seasonal migrants in India". International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 17, nr 2 (1.03.2021): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-04-2020-0038.
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Purpose Internal migration has grown intensively in India in the present decades, far greater than international migration, though the latter has received far more attention in literature and public policy. Among internal migrants, seasonal movement is another growing phenomenon in India which has received the least attention till now. The purpose of the study is to show the intensities of short-term morbidity and major morbidity among the rural and urban internal migrants and how such disease burdens have affected the health of regular/permanent and temporary/seasonal migrants. Design/methodology/approach This present paper has been developed on the basis of data of India Human Development Survey-II (IHDS-II), 2011–2012, has been availed to find out the intensities of short-term morbidity and major morbidity among the rural and urban migrants as well as the health condition of the seasonal migrants. For the analysis of regular or permanent migrants, a total of 3,288 migrants (of which 1,136 rural migrants and 2,152 urban migrants) were surveyed in IHDS-II, 2011–2012, regarding the persistence of different types of short-term morbidity among the migrant class. Two-sample (rural migrants and urban migrants) “t” test for mean difference with unequal variances with null hypothesis – H0: diff = 0, and alternate hypothesis – Ha: diff < 0; Ha: diff > 0 where diff = mean (rural) – mean (urban) has been executed. For the seasonal migrants a sample of 41,424 migrants of which 2,691 seasonal migrant workers and 38,733 non-seasonal migrant workers were surveyed in IHDS-II, 2011–2012, to find out their health condition. OLS regression on the number of medical treatments undertaken in a month on the nature of migrant workers has been conducted. Socio-economic factors (like adult literacy) and basic amenities required for a healthy living (like indoor piped drinking water, separate kitchen in the household, household having a flush toilet, household having electricity and intake of meals everyday) are taken as control variables in the regression analysis. Findings The results of morbidity analysis in this paper show that the morbidity patterns among the migrants vary with the geographical differences. The short-term morbidity and that of the major morbidity show different proneness to ill health for rural and urban migrants. However, seasonal migrants are more susceptible to ill health than the regular migrants and are also potential for generating health risks. Also lack of provision of basic services creates negative health impact on seasonal migrants. Research limitations/implications The paper is based on secondary data and hence lacks numerous relevant health issues of migrants in rural and urban sectors which could have been possible through primary data survey. Practical implications Migration and migrants are a relevant issue both internationally and nationally. Economic development of a country like India depends to a greater extent on the contributions of migrant labourers as majority of the labourers in India belong to informal sector of which most of the workers are from migrant class. Social implications Migrants contribution to economic development depend on their productive capacity and hence health of these section of people is a relevant issue. This study is based on the morbidity pattern of migrants both regular and seasonal migrants and their susceptibility in various geographical locations and provision of basic amenities. Originality/value This work is original research study by the author.
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Kaschowitz, Judith. "Health of migrant care-givers across Europe: what is the role of origin and welfare state context?" Ageing and Society 40, nr 5 (5.12.2018): 1084–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x18001599.
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AbstractAcross Europe a rising number of migrants are reaching higher ages. As old age is related to care dependency, care-giving within migrant families is becoming more important. To date, little research has focused on health outcomes for migrant care-givers. Theories and empirical evidence suggest differences in the relationship of care-giving and health between migrants and non-migrants due to differences in support, income, norms and values. Furthermore, across Europe the degree of formal care supply and the obligation to provide informal care vary considerably and presumably lead to different health outcomes of care-giving in different countries. Based on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (Waves 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (Waves 2–6), this paper studies the relationship between informal care-giving inside the household and health for migrant and non-migrant care-givers across Europe and analyses changes in health. In most countries migrant care-givers are in worse self-perceived and mental health compared to non-migrant care-givers. When controlling for important influences no differences in the relationship between health and care-giving for migrants and non-migrants can be found. Moreover, care-giving deteriorates mental health irrespective of origin. The country models showed that for non-migrants care-giving is most detrimental in Southern welfare states whereas for migrants care-giving is also burdening in Nordic welfare states.
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Bacong, Adrian Matias, Anna K. Hing, Brittany Morey, Catherine M. Crespi, Maria Midea Kabamalan, Nanette R. Lee, May C. Wang, A. B. de Castro i Gilbert C. Gee. "Health selection on self-rated health and the healthy migrant effect: Baseline and 1-year results from the health of Philippine Emigrants Study". PLOS Global Public Health 2, nr 7 (22.07.2022): e0000324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000324.
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Studies of migration and health focus on a “healthy migrant effect” whereby migrants are healthier than individuals not migrating. Health selection remains the popular explanation of this phenomenon. However, studies are mixed on whether selection occurs and typically examine migrants post-departure. This study used a novel pre-migration dataset to identify which health and social domains differ between migrants and their non-migrant counterparts and their contribution to explaining variance in self-rated health by migrant status at pre-migration and 1-year later. Data were used from the baseline and 1-year follow-up of the Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES). We used multivariable ordinary least squares regression to examine differences in self-rated health between migrants to the U.S. and a comparable group of non-migrants at baseline (premigration) and one year later, accounting for seven domains: physical health, mental health, health behavior, demographics, socioeconomic factors and healthcare utilization, psychosocial factors, and social desirability. A migrant advantage was present for self-rated health at baseline and 1-year. Accounting for all domains, migrants reported better self-rated health compared to non-migrants both at baseline (β = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.22, 0.43) and at 1-year (β = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.46). Migrant status, health behavior, and mental health accounted for most of the variance in self-rated health both at baseline and 1-year follow-up. This analysis provides evidence of migrant health selection and nuanced understanding to what is being captured by self-rated health in studies of migrant health that should be considered in future research.
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Li, Zhen, i Zai Liang. "Gender and job mobility among rural to urban temporary migrants in the Pearl River Delta in China". Urban Studies 53, nr 16 (20.07.2016): 3455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098015615747.
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Previous studies have found that there is a female disadvantage among rural migrants in the urban labour market in China. It remains unclear whether migrant women also lag behind migrant men in job mobility, an important channel for rural migrants to improve their labour market outcomes. Using data from a large-scale survey conducted in the Pearl River Delta region, one of the most important migration destinations in China, we examine gender gaps in job mobility of rural migrants from 1979 to 2006. Focusing on job mobility, this paper sheds new light on the changing gender dynamics among rural migrants in China. Most of the model results lend support to our hypotheses concerning the gendered job mobility patterns of rural migrants. We find that migrant women are less likely to change jobs for work-related reasons and more likely to engage in family-centered job mobility. Results of fixed-effects models of monthly wage further reveal that the positive effect of work-centered job mobility on rural migrants’ wages is smaller for migrant women. We also find that marriage does not disadvantage migrant women more than men in either work centred or family centred job mobility, and that there is a declining trend of female disadvantage in family-centered job mobility, which all points to the transformative role migration plays for rural migrants.
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Volkov, Yu G., V. V. Krivopuskov i V. I. Kurbatov. "Digital migrants and digital diaspora: new problems and trends of international migration". Digital Sociology 4, nr 4 (27.01.2022): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-347x-2021-4-4-102-108.
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The “Digital migrant”, as a concept, is used to refer to a migrant who realises his information needs by information digital technologies. This give rise to new trends in international migration processes, among which the global informatisation can be highlighted. This is expressed in the mass representation of migrants in social networks, in virtual network migrant communities’ creation. The digital diaspora being an electronic platform is the basis for migrants’ access to online public content, serves as an information base for the migrants’ digital adaptation and their virtual identity’s formation, which is becoming more and more transnational.The article proposes an instrumental definition of “digital migrant” concept, reveals factors of digital ethnic national community’s functioning, features of migrants’ social adaptation in digital diaspora, new types of interpersonal communication in digital diaspora, new trends and problems of digital migration, and new types of migrants’ identity and of digital virtual identity
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Bjarnesen, Jesper. "A Mobile Life Story Tracing Hopefulness in the Life and Dreams of a Young Ivorian Migrant". MIGRATION LETTERS 6, nr 2 (28.10.2009): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v6i2.71.
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The analysis suggests an adaptation of the life history interview as a method in qualitative migration studies. By joining four analytical concepts into an overall methodological framework, the mobile life story is intended to guide the exploration of the subjective experiences of migrants at various stages of a migrant trajectory. The notion of ‘mobility’ evokes a holistic orientation in the study of migrant biographies; the unpredictability that characterises the social practice of migrants is captured through the concept of ‘hopefulness’; the concept of ‘vital conjunctures’ is argued to provide a temporal delimitation and a focus for the organising of a life history interview; and the spatial dimension of the methodology is delimited through the concept of ‘emplacement’. As opposed to a migration history, the mobile life story explores the significant transformations that have characterised the migrant’s past and relates these defining moments to the broader migration history.