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1
Mencé, Marielle. "Exiled tongues of two migrant women". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24604.pdf.
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2
Ressia, Susan. "Skilled Migrant Women and Men Seeking Employment: Expectations, Experiences and Outcomes". Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367983.
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Historically, migrants from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) arrived in Australia without formal qualifications and with poor English language skills. Consequently many of these migrants found employment at the lower end of the labour market in semi-skilled jobs. However, as a result of changes to immigration policy, since 1996 migrant intakes have been centred on skilled workers and driven by the need to fill identified skill shortages. Skilled migrants must meet English language skills and education requirements, have work experience in an occupation identified as ‘in demand’ and are subject to predefined quotas in order to gain entry. However, one of the main challenges for skilled independent migrants is finding employment commensurate with their qualifications and skills. This thesis focuses on the expectations and experiences of skilled migrants who are seeking employment in Australia. Through in-depth qualitative interviews, the research explores the complexities of this job search experience. There has been minimal published qualitative research about the experiences or outcomes for NESB skilled migrants since the major policy change of 1996. This is particularly the case for migrant women’s experiences and this thesis specifically addresses this gap, examining how such experiences differ from men’s. From both public policy and social justice perspectives, it is important to understand the job search experiences of these skilled migrants, female and male.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
3
Rida, A. "Non English speaking background migrant Muslim women and migrant English language provision". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/945.
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The purpose of this study is to define and delineate the factors which influence the decision by non-English speaking background migrant Muslim women to access or not access their eligibility for English language tuition, as set out by current policies governing the eligibility of migrants to participate in Adult Migrant Education programs. As such, the study is of particular interest to both key informants: teachers, community workers, coordinators, and to the target population themselves-Migrant Muslim women. It is also of benefit to those who are concerned with implementing language programs as it will provide them with an understanding of the issues facing Muslim women that may prevent them from accessing such classes. It is also of particular interest because it delves into and explores an• area where much speculation has taken place, but where little research of significance has been directed. The target population is defined as adult (over age 16) Muslim women from a non-English speaking background who are currently residing in the Perth metropolitan area. Two groups within this target population have been included in the study, the first being those women who have accessed migrant language tuition in a formal class setting (excluding those who have accessed the home tutor scheme). The second being those women who have not, with the objective of drawing a typology of the kind of Muslim women accessing classes-age, country of birth, family, socio-economic status, perceived need to learn English, level of education and aspirations and other relevant variables that were brought to light through the research process. Data was collected using both quantitative and qualitative research methods which involved the analysis of figures pertaining to the numbers of women from Muslim countries of birth who have accessed English language classes through the Adult Migrant Education Program in order to arrive at conclusions about the relative absence of Muslim women in these programs. Qualitative data was collected using a structured interview with twenty three women from the target population as well as interviews with three key informants. The purpose of the key informant interviews was to gain an understanding of the external factors accessibility, availability of information and practical considerations such as child care transport and provision of special arrangements that may affect the decision or the ability of Muslim women to attend classes.
4
Lopez, Maria Mercedes. "The paradox of women migrant workers: agency and vulnerabilities. : Understanding the perspective of women migrant workers in Amman, Jordan". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351977.
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Migration has taken place throughout human history. However, push and pull factors for migration have changed, and some have not been identified during long periods of time. Since 1970, migration studies have paid more attention to the role of women in migration processes, noting that patterns in migration are sometimes similar to men, but many other times differ, this is also known as the feminization of migration. Women, like men, migrate in search for a better future and new opportunities. Moreover, women migrant workers migrate to provide better future for their families back home. However, this migration process leaves great exposure to abuse and exploitation for both men and women. Feminist research argues, however, that this vulnerability is also gendered, affecting women and men differently. This study aims to contribute to understand the paradox of the agency of women migrant workers on the one hand, and vulnerabilities on the other, from the perspective of migrants themselves. Eleven interviews were conducted with women migrant workers in Amman. Some of the findings of this study show that the interviewees choose to migrate mainly due to economic needs, familial constraints and social structures, which in turn influence their power over their rights and situation, leaving them in vulnerable conditions prone to abuse. Moreover, the alternatives for migration are limited by social and economic structures, in addition to lack of knowledge of rights and obligations.
5
Scafini, Fernanda. "Sex Trafficking and Migrant Women in Greece: A study of the reasons of the sex trafficking of migrant women". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23321.
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Sex trafficking is a global phenomenon affecting mainly women. This phenomenon is highly apparent in Greece, where thousands of migrant women end up trafficked. In order to understand why this happens, it is important to know the underlying causes of it. Therefore, this researched aimed to find the reasons why migrant women end up as sex trafficking victims in Greece. This was done through primary material gathering, in form of interviews with anti-trafficking agents in Greece, followed by a theme analysis, finding six key themes with reasons why migrant women are trafficked. These were, Vulnerability (of migrant women), Greece as the Portal to the EU, Government Deficiency, Hostility and Segregation (hostility of Greek national towards migrants which leads to their segregation), Trafficking as a Profitable Industry and Cultural Gender Oppression. To further analyze these themes, a triangulation method was used, which compared these results to previous literature on the issue and then further problematized it through different migration and gender-related theories.
6
Nellums, Laura. "Psychological symptoms in migrant women and women born in the UK". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/psychological-symptoms-in-migrant-women-and-women-born-in-the-uk(4a3a2c73-d7a3-4692-9b53-5b4528708158).html.
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Purpose: This mixed-methods study aimed to investigate the relationship between migration and psychological symptoms for women living in London. Methods: Data from a cross-sectional survey (the South East London Community Health Study) were analysed to investigate whether first generation migrant women were significantly more likely to experience high levels of psychological symptoms (for common mental disorders (CIS-R) or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (4 item PTSD screen)) than women born in the UK. Exploratory analyses investigated what migration specific variables may increase the risk of experiencing high levels of psychological symptoms. Qualitative in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of migrant women and women born in the UK investigated what experiences women perceive impacted on their mental health and well-being, how they have been affected, and how this differs for migrant women and women born in the UK. A thematic analysis was carried out. Results: 391 migrant women and 553 women born in the UK were included in the survey. There was no significant difference in the odds of experiencing high levels of psychological symptoms for migrant women compared with women born in the UK (AOR: 1.0 [95% CI 0.7-1.6]). Stressful life events and long standing physical conditions were associated with an increased risk of experiencing psychological symptoms, and were highly prevalent among migrant women and women born in the UK. Twenty migrant women and ten women born in the UK participated in the qualitative interviews. Processes of marginalisation, disempowerment, and isolation contributed to women’s exposure to stressful life events, and changes in their mental health and well-being. Coping processes were also identified. Conclusions: Services must consider exposure to stressful events, comorbidities, and underlying processes when addressing the mental health needs of women.
7
Pilling, Stacey A. "A Qualitative Analysis of Migrant Women Farmworkers' A Qualit ative Analysis of Migrant Women Farmworkers’ Perceptions of Maternal Care Management". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/300.
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The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine migrant women farmworkers' views of perinatal care management while working in the fields. Like men, women migrant farmworkers are exposed to many physical, chemical, and biological hazards that pose human health risks. However, women of childbearing age are at an increased risk of having reproductive health difficulties and adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the infant mortality rate among migrant farmworkers is estimated to be twice the national average. Perinatal care is a critical factor in reducing adverse outcomes for perinatal and newborn mortality. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 15 migrant women farmworkers between the ages of 18 to 40 years who had experienced at least 1 gestational period during while working in the Midwest agricultural stream. Participants were voluntarily recruited from farms in Northern Ohio using purposeful sampling techniques. Guided by the social ecological model, data were analyzed via inductive coding techniques to tease out common themes. All participants reported a basic understanding of prenatal care but due to numerous occupational, community, and access barriers, could not participate in what they perceived as normal prenatal care. Also, participants stated when in gestation they were expected to perform the same jobs as women not in gestation. These findings may inform the work of public health providers and migrant healthcare clinicians of migrant women farmworkers' challenges while receiving perinatal care in Northern Ohio; results can also be used to influence local and national migrant healthcare policies on comprehensive maternal healthcare for migrant women farmworkers in Ohio and across the United States.
8
Winarnita, Monika Swasti. "Dancing the feminine : performances by indonesian migrant women". Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/155797.
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This thesis is based on ethnographic fieldwork of practicing and performing dances with Indonesian migrant women dancers in Perth, Western Australia and socializing with the women and the communities they belong to. The fieldwork was conducted in 2007 with subsequent annual return trips until 2011, as well as through continued engagement by other forms of communication. This thesis follows the women's journeys and their efforts, firstly to gain recognition as professional cultural performers rather than being seen only as members of an amateur, housewife hobby dance group and secondly to elevate their status beyond that of marriage migrant, specifically within the local Indonesian community. Each chapter is based on particular performances and how each performance evolved from creation to reinvention taking into account factors such as community feedback, and reaction to the group's participation in local multicultural festivals and national celebration days. The thesis discusses how the women negotiate cross-cultural gender structuring discourses and valued ideals of femininity through their performances. Their performances are influenced by transnational and translocal (Jakarta or Bali and Perth) engagements gained through: cultural products; their daily lives amongst the Indonesian migrant community in Perth; their annual return trips to Indonesia; and being involved in the local Indonesian consulate's cultural diplomacy activities. Therefore, within the discipline of anthropology and gender studies this research will contribute to the literature on migration studies, specifically marriage migration of women, migrant's cultural performances, and Indonesian migrants in Australia. The thesis also includes a DVD of two and a half hours which records my edited ethnographic footage, as well as footage given to me by the dancers and their family members. The DVD documents the stories and performances that are related in the thesis. Via a menu, the DVD is organized so that relevant sections can be viewed in conjunction with reading specific chapters within the thesis. Each performance, through the trajectory of its creation and reinvention, tells the narrative of how the Indonesian migrant women try to negotiate representations of themselves and how they deal with the many and varied expectations of their own migrant community, the Indonesian consulate and the larger multicultural Australian audiences as well as the various ideals of Indonesian femininity in migration.
9
Guo, Man. "Migration experience of floating population in China a case study of women migrant domestic workers in Beijing /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35318387.
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10
Akbay, Hivda. "Gender Roles And Community Formation In Kurdish Migrant Women". Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1011808/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the intersecting dynamics of gender and ethnic identities for Kurdish Migrant women in Turkey. For this aim, it attempts to investigate Kurdish migrant women's everyday lives in their private and public domains, which include in-family, out-family social and ecomomic relations. It is expected that Kurdish women'
s gender and ethnic identities will intersect in these domains and will be effective in creating a specific ethnic community
11
Combres, Karla. "Experiences Of Educated Turkish Migrant Women Returning From Canada". Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608482/index.pdf.
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Social science research has been slow to incorporate the international migration of skilled and educated women, and the impacts of their return migration. At the same time, Turkish female migrants have been negatively stereotyped in the literature. This exploratory and descriptive study aims to address these gaps by examining the impacts of emigration and return migration on the social and work lives of educated Turkish
women who have returned to Turkey from Canada.
Oral history interviews were conducted with six working-age, educated female returnees in Istanbul and Ankara between February and April 2007. Aside from some common features, the six women in this study differ greatly in terms of age, marital
status, field of study and work, length of time in Canada and Turkey, and the opportunities and resources available to them throughout their migrations.
From the interpretive examination of the women’
s narratives, patterns in their subjective social and work life experiences emerged. The issue of gender was found to pervade all aspects of the women&
#8217
s lives at all stages of their migrations as they negotiated their often contradictory social roles as mothers, wives, daughters, and professionals. This study also reveals that none of the women migrated as an individual actor. Rather, contextual and stratification factors such as marital status, family configuration, language skills, prior exposure to different cultures, socio-economic background, education and labour force participation were found to shape and influence their initial potential for migration, as well as the processes and outcomes of their migrations.
12
Bravo-Moreno, Ana. "Gender migration and identity : Spanish migrant women in London". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10019784/.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of international migration in shaping the national and gender identities of Spanish women, who migrated to England between 1940-1992. The thesis examines the process of construction of these women's national and gender identities in their country of origin. However, international migration means a change of socio-cultural and linguistic context that may call into question these women's notions of femininity and national identity. Thus, the thesis analyses in considerable detail how different women migrants use aspects of their cultural heritage as frameworks in shaping their national and gender identities in England. This thesis is structured in three main parts. The first part deals with the theoretical decisions taken in this thesis and also questions the categorisations of migrants found in the literature. The first part positions the thesis within a theoretical framework and a specific research design used in this study. One appendix expands on the decisions which are taken. The second part analyses the constructions of gender and national identities in Spain before migration. It examines political ideology and definitions of femininity imposed on Spanish women via the Catholic Church, the school and the government. Women's narratives reveal the shaping of Spanish gendered identities, in different social classes and generations. The third part examines the role of the Spanish and the British governments in the movement of Spanish migrants to the UK and the ways their policies treated male and female migration differently. However a major emphasis is placed on how women in their own accounts of their experiences tried to transform these discourses - and the discourses on femininity - which confronted them. The conclusion includes reflections on the implications of this study for the existing literature concerning gender, international migration and processes of identity formation.
13
Griffiths, Jacquelynn Kleist. "Persuasion and resistance: how migrant women use life writing". Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2215.
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Migrant women use life writing not only to share pieces of their own lives, but also to write powerful narratives which confront racism, patriarchal oppression, and US imperialism. The four texts I have selected represent skillful negotiation between drastically different languages, cultures, and social systems, evinced both through the experiences the authors represent within the text and through their careful rhetorical and narrative strategies, which are tailored for particular audiences. As these narratives demonstrate, migrant women can use life writing to contest and destabilize dominant narratives of history and race.
In I’ve Come a Long Way (1942), Chinese author Helena Kuo demonstrates the worth, dignity, and superiority of Chinese culture in order to convince US readers to ally with China in their fight against Japan. Kuo’s work was intended not only to garner military support for China, but also to create a more positive view of the Chinese people. Rosario Morales and Aurora Levins Morales, a mother and daughter born in New York City and Puerto Rico, respectively, write together in Getting Home Alive (1986), layering stories from the mainland United States and the island of Puerto Rico while protesting US imperialism and US military presence on the island. By enacting resistance from a variety of subject positions, the authors are able to share pieces of their life stories while also creating an alternate history of Puerto Rico, one that reveals the violence and imperial domination of the US government. In When Heaven and Earth Changed Places (1989), former Vietcong collaborator Le Ly Hayslip tells the story of the Vietnam War from the perspective of a Vietnamese villager, explaining why some Vietnamese resisted US forces. Through her narrative, Hayslip transforms herself from a Vietcong enemy into a reliable narrator for US readers, detailing her own suffering, empathizing with her US readership, and encouraging peace and forgiveness between nations, while still questioning the ethics of US involvement in the war. By retelling stories from her childhood on the US-Mexico border in Canícula: Snapshots of a Girlhood en la Frontera (1995), Mexican author Norma Elia Cantú challenges the impermeability of borders, both between fact and fiction and between nations. By simultaneously retelling and fictionalizing her past, Cantú is able to preserve and reclaim her childhood while creating a subversive counternarrative of border life which contests dominant governmental and patriarchal narratives.
All of these authors use life writing in an innovative way, tailoring their texts to the political and social context in which they were publishing and striving to build a relationship with readers at a particular time in US history. By challenging conventional, governmental, and media representations of events and contesting existing social structures, these authors provide a more comprehensive understanding of US history and society.
14
Kannan, Sharmini, i mikewood@deakin edu au. "Pappadums in paradise? Journeys of Indian migrant women to Australia". Deakin University. School of Communication and Creative Arts, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050915.113531.
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The blue glass is always the hardest to find. On the beach you catch the waves bringing back the glass from forgotten tossed bottles, frosted green, clear, or mottled pale brown. But the blue glass - that's the real thing.
I search for days without finding any. Sometimes there are slivers; other days, small chunks. Like a beachcomber, I comb the sands for it.
I take the glass home and make some into jewellery and touchstones for people to hang on to; pour essential oils on others so the scents waft heavenward and meld together with the glass to form a bond.
Words are like that. They can fuse with each other and ignite, or just quietly combine, On sunny days, I take my books with me to the beach. I toss words back and
forth in my mind, like churning waves. I cobble them together, A phrase here. A sentence there.
The water. The sun. The sand. The glass. The words. The paper. The Connection. I find myself enveloped in it all.
The glass is from bottles tossed into the surf by unthinking people - picnickers, vacationers, those who don't have to return here and live with the remnants of their actions. Over time, the broken glass is ground and moulded by the action of the waves; the sharp edges are softened and etched by the sand and water, The sea glass is washed up on shore and picked up by beachcombers. Some recycle it for other uses like me; others just keep it as a reminder of a day at the beach.
The words I sift through as I sit on the sand are measured in the sea glass. I pick each word up and look through it to see how much light shines through. What use do 1 have for it? A poem? An essay? A fragment of a sentence, for something to be said in the future? I watch the sun rest uneasily on its bed of water and slide slowly, farther down. I know the hot summer is coming to a close and I am loath to let go of the closeness I feel with nature.
I live to find the blue glass, and sometimes it just happens.
My search for Indian migrant women was like my quest for the blue glass. It was not an easy task. It became a process of rummaging through other people's lives, searching for fragments and relics. Eventually I was able to fit pieces together to form a mosaic of their lives in that other time, that other place. And also in this present time, in this place they now call home, Australia.
15
Ally, Sajida Z. "Sri Lankan migrant women between Kalpitiya & Kuwait : aspirations for wellness (suham) : re-constructions of 'migrants' health'". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2016. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/59631/.
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Moeletsi, Kelebogile. "Mothering across borders : Basotho migrant women in domestic work in Pretoria". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/67810.
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Xu, Feng. "Women migrant workers in China's economic reform interweaving gender, class, and place of origin /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0008/NQ27328.pdf.
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Phiphitkul, Wilasinee. "The politics of representations : Thai migrant women's negotiation of identity". Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344147.
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Maurer, Serena. "Feminist border praxis : exploring racialized citizenship, national belonging and gendered reproduction in the Yakima Valley /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6397.
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20
Cakir, Sakine Gulfem. "Factors And Meachanisms Of Resilience Among Turkish Migrant Women In The Uk". Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610567/index.pdf.
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The main purpose of this study was to investigate factors and mechanisms of resilience among Turkish migrant women in the UK. For this purpose, qualitative and quantitative methods were used in combination. The quantitative study examined the role of perceived discrimination and social support, psychological distress, and integration acculturation attitude in predicting empowerment scores as the indication of resilience among Turkish migrant women in the UK. Demographic characteristics of education level, perceived English language level and residence status were controlled. The quantitative sample of the study consisted of 248 Turkish migrant women in London, while the qualitative sample of the study included 11 women who were selected among the participants of the quantitative study. Data collection instruments used in the quantitative study included, a demographic data form, Social Support Scale (Cohen &Willis, 1985
Soygü
t, 1989), General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1972
Kiliç
, 1996), Acculturation Attitudes Scale (Ataca &
Berry, 2002), and Empowerment Scale (Sciarappa, Rogers, &
Chamberlin, 1994). The qualitative data were collected through narrative interviews by using an interview schedule that consisted of topics like migration story/process, experiences in the UK, coping processes/mechanisms, opportunities, discrimination, language and relationships, gender related experiences, changes in life, and social support networks. Results of the hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the model of linear combinations of educational level, perceived English language level and residence status of participants, perceived discrimination, perceived social support, distress level and integration acculturation attitude significantly explained 38.5% of the total variance in empowerment scores. Among all individual predictor variables, having medium and high educational level, having higher levels of perceived social support and integration attitude, and having lower level of psychological distress were found associated with higher empowerment scores, and thus with higher resilience among Turkish migrant women in the UK. In the qualitative study, the documentary method was used to analyse the transcribed interviews. Results revealed that migration process, language, accommodation, marriage and relationship with husband, social relationships, ties and friends, children and motherhood, losses, husband&rsquo
s family, loneliness and belongingness, Turkish community, health problems and experiences with health services, and discrimination are the important risk and/or protective factors in the resilience of Turkish migrant women. Results also revealed that having or developing an educational orientation is an important protective factor for Turkish migrant women in the host country. Qualitative findings also showed that although almost all women used some strategies to cope with the demands of their lives in a new country, this process went beyond coping and corresponded to transformation and, in turn, resilience for some women.
21
Case, Kaitlin E. "Labor and Identity: Latina Migrant Women and the Service Industry of Atlanta". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/anthro_theses/48.
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This thesis explores the work experiences and life histories of a group of Latina migrant women who work in specific sectors of the service industry in Atlanta, Georgia. I focus on janitorial/custodial as well as domestic labor in order to confront the social issue of the continued devaluation and exploitation of feminized wage work. This ethnography reveals how education and English proficiency tie into how migrant labor is viewed in the United States specifically, and asks how Latina migrant women might be able to achieve labor legitimacy in the future. My findings are based on in-depth interviews that I collected from ten Latina migrant women who live and work in the Atlanta metro-area.
22
Sri, Tharan Caridad T. "Gender, migration and social change : the return of Filipino women migrant workers". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2351/.
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This study is about the consequences of feminised migration on migrant women workers, on their families and on the Philippine society as a whole. The continued dependence on migration and increasingly, women‘s migration, by the Philippine government to address unemployment on one hand, and by the Filipino families on the other hand, to secure employment and a better life, has led to social change: change in migrant women‘s sense of identity and personhood; restructuring of households and redefinition of families and gender relations and the rise of a culture of migration. To understand these social changes, the study focuses on the return phase of migration situated within the overall migration process and adopts a gendered and feminist approach. Existing theories of return migration cannot adequately capture the meanings of the return of migrant women workers. Studying return through a gendered approach allows us to reflect on the extent migration goals have been achieved or not, the conditions under which return takes place for a migrant woman worker and various factors affecting life after migration for the migrant women and their families. Return of the women migrant workers cannot be neatly categorised as voluntary or involuntary. It is gendered. It is involuntary, voluntary, and mainly ambivalent. Involuntary return was influenced by structural limitations arising from the temporary and contractual type of migration in jobs categorised as unskilled. Voluntary return was mainly determined by the achievement of migration goals, the psychological need to return after prolonged absence and by the need to respond to concerns of families left behind. Ambivalent return was caused by the desire to maintain the status, economic power, freedom and autonomy stemming from the migrants' breadwinning role; the need to sustain the families‘ standard of living; as well as the apprehensions of a materially insecure life back home. The socio-psychological consequences on families and children of migrant women are deep and wide-ranging. Similarly, women migrants, though empowered at a certain level, had to face psychological and emotional consequences upon return influenced by persistent gender roles and gender regimes. By analysing the impact of gendered migration and return on the societal level, the study has broadened and deepened the conceptualisation of the phenomenon of culture of migration by bringing other elements and factors such as the role of the state, human resources, sustainable livelihood, national identity and governance.
23
Begum, K. "Environmental effects on ovarian reserve among migrant Bangladeshi women in the UK". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1322449/.
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Reproductive ecologists have proposed that environmental conditions experienced during development influence adult reproductive hormones. An earlier study on Bangladeshi women aged 18-35 showed that women who migrated to the UK during childhood (<16 years) have significantly higher salivary progesterone levels compared to women who grew up in Bangladesh. But no such study has been reported in the context of later reproductive hormone levels and ovarian reserve. In the research here, hormone profiles that predict ovarian reserve (inhibin B, AMH and FSH) were compared between: 1) migrant Bangladeshis who moved to the UK as adults, or 2) migrant Bangladeshis who moved as children, 3) sedentee Bangladeshis living in Bangladesh, and 4) white European women. Data on socio-economic, demographic and reproductive histories were also collected. The following hypotheses were examined: 1) There is inter-population variation in ovarian reserve depending on environmental conditions during development; 2) Moving to a better environment during adult life does not affect age-specific ovarian reserve; and 3) The childhood environment has an impact on age-related ovarian reserve in later life. The findings support these hypotheses. Results suggest that changes in the developmental environment during childhood, when the tempo of growth and maturation are determined, influence reproductive hormone levels and ovarian reserve. Conversely, environmental change during adult life, when maturation is completed, does not alter later life reproductive hormone levels or ovarian reserve. The childhood environment therefore appears to have a significant effect on ovarian reserve reinforcing earlier findings that developmental plasticity extends beyond the uterine period in humans. Consequently, the higher age-specific ovarian reserve of child migrants who grew up in the UK results in an extended reproductive life span compared to women who grew up in Bangladesh. This may eventually put child migrants at an increased risk of developing age-related diseases such as breast cancer.
24
Park, Tae Jung. "Art therapy with Korean migrant women in a Korean communityin the UK". Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2016. http://research.gold.ac.uk/18387/.
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This thesis addresses an art therapy intervention in a Korean community in the UK. It describes the historical, social and cultural contexts of South and North Koreans, including Korean art and education throughout history in order to contextualize the research and the findings. It also portrays the researcher’s experiences as a Korean migrant as well as an art psychotherapist, exposed first to Eastern culture then to Western, becoming an art therapist and then working with Korean migrants in the UK. Case material from an art therapy group, an art activity group and individual art therapy with Korean migrants in different organisations were analysed alongside the author’s autobiographical journey which was also considered as a ‘case’. This research therefore explores how art therapy might be applicable to Korean migrants who are living in a Korean community in the UK in the context of the cultural complexities and social change characterised by migration. Throughout the research a qualitative research design was used which analysed the cases with an ethnographical lens, based on existing migration theories. Five conceptualisations were discovered that enable this researcher to understand this particular social group of Korean migrants. These are: cultural transition, or not; the relationship between migration experience and mental health; the influence of religion on migrants’ mental health; the relationship between Korean art education and art therapy; and the influence of socio-political issues in the Korean migrants’ community. These theoretical lenses illuminated how the process of migration has a massive impact on the migrants’ life in the host country and showed how it interweaves with the historical, social and cultural context of Korea. Many assumptions were challenged during the research. Particular considerations for working with Korean people in art therapy were explored, and the research concluded that it was important to be aware and work appropriately with people of other cultures in art therapy within the Western framework, to maintain its relationship between art, health and culture. This study has implications for the significance of examining the art therapist’s assumptions and presuppositions when art therapy is introduced to another culture, and when working with similarity and difference. It also has implications for art therapy practice, namely the importance of considering: the cultural values of clients’ origins, including their previous experiences of art-making and art education, despite migrants’ exposure to Western society; the current socio-cultural context of clients’ lives in their community in the host country; and adjusting art therapy practice so that it is appropriate to clients from different cultures.
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Thomsen, Yasmin Reuben Adler. "Understanding the Emotional Geographies of Migrant Women in Copenhagen using Photo Elicitation". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43833.
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With a tense political landscape with stigmatizing discourse about migrants and so-called migrant ghettos, alongside continuous indications of gender imbalances in public spaces in Copenhagen, a focus on migrant women was chosen. The thesis takes its outset in a photo project conducted in Kringlebakken, an integration house in Copenhagen. Six migrant women participated and were asked to photograph the city through their eyes, meaning taking photos of their everyday lives and places they wanted to show and talk about in the following photo elicitation interviews. With agency and empowerment as key values the women navigated the conversation and shared experiences about their everyday lives. Concepts of intersectionality, the everyday and emotional geographies were applied through a feminist lens, highlighting the role emotions play in shaping our perception of spaces. From an inductive approach two themes were found: 1) green spaces and 2) everyday practices and challenges. The women shared peaceful moments and embodied experiences in nature both with themselves, with their children and their family. The green spaces evoked gratitude, appreciation and peace and had a general restorative effect in their everyday life. Their appreciation mainly stems from previous experiences in their home countries where urban green areas are not as accessible. Furthermore green spaces become a space where the women can get a break from the everyday chores. In contrast, the experiences shared about the everyday spaces and practices included language barriers, discrimination and feelings of exclusion. The added hindrances to urban life brings a level of discomfort in their everyday lives and it is here that Kringlebakken plays an essential role as an inclusive space in the women’s lives. Highlighting these embodied experiences adds nuances to a heterogeneous group that is often depicted as a homogeneous group.
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Lee, Chang Young. "Married migrant women living within Korean multicultural families : a pastoral narrative perspective". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40206.
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This research seeks to adopt a post-foundationalist practical theology paradigm, as discussed by J C Müller, in order to create a bridge between the three concepts of the pastoral care perspective, the narrative perspective based on social-constructionism and post-foundationalism. Furthermore, I made use of Müller’s seven movements of methodology which laid a strong foundation to base my research on regarding married migrant women living within Korean multicultural families.
Korean society which is a homogeneous culture is currently facing many challenges as a result of becoming more and more multicultural. These multicultural issues are becoming major social and political issues in South Korea. The main reason that South Korean society has become more multicultural is because of intercultural marriages which have also resulted in an increase in multicultural families.
These migrant women are faced with many kinds of discrimination and prejudice as a result of their different appearance, culture and language. Furthermore, Korean culture often deprives women of having any position above men especially once they are married. After being married a woman should become invisible, voiceless, and nameless in order to become culturally acceptable. This often results in a migrant woman feeling stressed, fearful, isolated and alone which often results in the development of a low self-esteem, a lack of self-confidence and a low self-image.
In my research, I sought to listen to and identify the stories of migrant women, namely foreign women who have married Korean men with a focus on the impact on their identities within a Korean multicultural family through a narrative perspective in order to have a positive growth and outcome from their intercultural differences within South Korea. I decided to view my co-researchers not as co-researchers but as companions on a journey which we could undertake together. The use of the metaphors ‘journey’ and ‘companions’ seemed to give my companions the freedom to speak more openly and placed us on an equal level.
Furthermore, I not only discovered my companions’ identities through their own stories, but also developed my companions’ true identities/multi-identities through the broader, inter-relational stories of other people within multicultural communities through a six step process of Listening to the voice, Gaining voice, Giving voice, Finding alternative voice, Retelling voice and Creating future voice. I made use of the narrative approach in order to listen to my companions so that a unity would exist between their past, present and future stories. As I listened to the stories of my companions from a narrative perspective new possibilities were opened which lead to alternative and future stories. Furthermore, my companions were given the opportunity to find themselves and make new identities on the real journey of life. Through the process of my research I also developed a multicultural identity model specifically for married migrant women in South Korea, but ultimately the purpose of my research was not to show or develop a multicultural identity model regarding migrant women, but was more to help these migrant women find their identities themselves and in this become self-empowered to become contributors to Korean society.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
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Almalik, Mona M. A. "A comparative evaluation of postnatal care for migrant and UK-born women". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165719.
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The aim of this research was to explore perinatal clinical indicators and experiences of postnatal care among European and Middle Eastern migrant women, and to compare them with those of British women, at one tertiary hospital in the North East of Scotland. The numbers of non-British maternity service users increased over the period 2004 to 2008. This increase was not only in numbers but also in diversity of the countries of origins, religions, languages and specific cultural needs, which form new demands on the health services. European women were more likely to be younger, and primigravida and Middle Eastern women were more likely to be married, than British women. Both these migrant groups were more likely to breastfeed at birth and at discharge than British women. However, there was no significant difference in maternal postnatal length of stay in hospital between the study groups. The data do not suggest poorer processes of care or birth outcomes for the new migrant groups. Both migrant and British women reported positive experiences of postnatal care when their needs, those considered basic and essential for each woman after giving birth, were met. Negative postnatal experiences were explored among women from both groups when there were shortcomings in meeting those essential needs. The acceptance of and the expectations about the postnatal care provided differed between migrant and British women, due to their previous experiences in different countries. Although both migrant groups were first generation in Aberdeen and shared some needs and preferences, each migrant group had its own specific needs and beliefs that reflected the women’s culture, religion and country of origin.
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Ünal, Bayram. "Ethnic division of labor the Moldovan migrant women in in-house services in Istanbul /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.
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Bawadi, Hala Ahmad. "Migrant Arab Muslim women's experiences of childbirth in the UK". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/3039.
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This research study explored the meanings attributed by migrant Arab Muslim women to their experiences of childbirth in the UK. The objectives of the study were: • To explore migrant Arab Muslim women's experiences of maternity services in the UK. • To examine the traditional childbearing beliefs and practices of Arab Muslim society. • To suggest ways to provide culturally sensitive care for this group of women. An interpretive ontological-phenomenological perspective informed by the philosophical tenets of Heidegger (1927/1962) was used to examine the childbirth experiences of eight Arab Muslim women who had migrated to one multicultural city in the Midlands. Three in-depth semi structured audiotaped interviews were conducted with each woman; the first during the third trimester of pregnancy (28 weeks onwards), the second early in the postnatal period (1-2 weeks after birth) and the third one to three months later. Each interview was conducted in Arabic, then transcribed and translated into English. An adapted version of Smith’s model of interpretive phenomenological analysis (Smith 2003) together with the principles of Gadamer (1989) were used to analyse the interview data, aided by the use of the software package NVivo2. The analysis of the women’s experiences captures the significance of giving birth in a new cultural context, their perception of the positive and negative aspects of their maternity care and the importance of a culturally competent approach to midwifery practice. Six main themes emerged from analysis of the interviews: ‘displacement and reformation of the self’, ‘by the grace of God’, ‘the vulnerable women,’ ‘adaptation to the new culture,’ ‘dissonance between two maternity health systems’ and ‘the valuable experience’. These themes reflected the women’s lived experiences of their childbirth in the UK. The implications for communities, institutions, midwifery practice and further research are outlined. The study concludes that in providing culturally competent care, maternity caregivers should be aware of what might be significant in the religious and cultural understandings of Arab women but also avoid cultural stereotyping by maintaining an emphasis on individualised care.
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Bäck, Hanna. "THE NANNY’S NANNY : Filipina Migrant Workers and the ‘Stand-In’ Women at Home". Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Social Work, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-306.
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This article examines the case of Filipina women that substitute for Filipina migrant workers. Through semi-structured interviews in the Philippines this study draws attention to the experiences of the ‘stand-in’ women and demonstrates how the organisation of care in the transnational families is based on a system whereby female family members or friends are ascribed with a ‘natural’ responsibility to become social reproductive stand-ins for the migrated mothers. In the global transfer of social reproduction, hierarchies of women are maintained, based on intersectional power structures such as ethnicity, race, nationality, age, and class. But the stand-in women in the three-tier transfer of reproductive labour, or global care chain, do not always occupy one single position, but actually shift in time and place between ‘the middle’ and ‘the bottom’ of the hierarchy. Regardless of location, Filipina women remain under the burden of their gendered duties and whether working abroad as domestic workers or acting as local stand-ins, they have to take on both local and global social reproductive work. They become the breadwinner in their families, at the same time as they are ascribed natural responsibility for households and families, as wives, mothers and stand-ins ‘at home’.
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Hsu, Jui-ying. "The lives of migrant women workers in Taiwanese-funded enterprises in Kunshan, Jiangsu". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432395.
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Nitsche, Stefanie. "Law and rights in the lives of undocumented migrant women in the UK". Thesis, University of Essex, 2018. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/22937/.
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The British state has introduced increasingly restrictive immigration legislation in recent years, as part of an effort to create a hostile environment for undocumented migrants. For instance, the 2014 and 2016 Immigration Acts further criminalise working without papers, renting property, and driving as an undocumented migrant, in addition to restricting access to health care. Restrictive legislation has not, however, managed to deal with irregular migration, but increases breaches of immigration law. Instead of lowering net immigration, these new restrictions simply limit access to rights, and create vulnerability among undocumented migrants, which is experienced differently by men and women. Women without official immigration status mostly work and live in the domestic sphere, which can offer protection from the state. However, undocumented migrant women often experience domestic violence and work in exploitative settings, which are difficult to challenge, due to the fear of deportation and lack of access to support networks located in the public sphere. The question arises how undocumented migrant women perceive and learn about their rights while being confined to the private sphere. As little is known about the lives of undocumented migrant women in the UK, this thesis explores the role that rights and the law play in their lives. I draw on interview data, participant observation in migrants’ rights organisations, and sample applications to regularise immigration status based on human rights law, in order to investigate how undocumented migrant women perceive and relate to the law, how it structures their everyday lives, and the mechanisms they develop for survival. I analyse how the few existing rights that undocumented migrant women can claim are stratified and thus difficult to access. To claim rights, the women need free legal representation, which they find in community migrant support organisations that play a crucial role in actualising rights.
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Baker, Peta-Anne Livingston. "The Living Arrangements of Older West Indian Migrant Women in the United States". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1130988416.
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Sipos, Szilvia. "Discrimination of migrant and refugee women on the labour market in Germanyand Hungary". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-177550.
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Leach, Kristine. "Nineteenth and twentieth century migrant and immigrant women : a search for common ground". Scholarly Commons, 1994. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2280.
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This study considers the question of whether immigrant women in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries had similarities in their experiences as immigrants to the United States. Two time periods were examined : the years between 1815 and the Civil War and the years since 1965 . As often as was possible, first- person accounts of immigrant women were used. For the nineteenth century women, these consisted of published letters and diaries and an occasional autobiography. For the contemporary women, published accounts and interviews were used. Twenty- six women from sixteen different countries were interviewed by the author. The interviewees were from a broad spectrum of educational, socioeconomic, and religious backgrounds. The first chapter discusses reasons for emigration, the difficulties of leaving one's home, and the problems of the journey.
The second chapter considers some of the problems of adjusting to a new environment, such as adapting to new kinds of food and housing, feelings of isolation, separation from family and friends, language problems, and prejudice. The third chapter deals with family issues. It examines how living in a culture with new freedoms and opportunities affected relationships with husbands and children. Many immigrant women, either by choice or necessity, worked outside the home for the first time after immigrating, which changed a woman's role within the family. This chapter also looks at the difficulty of watching one's children grow up in a culture with different expectations and standards of behavior. The conclusion drawn from this study is that many women who have immigrated to the United States, even those from very different times and situations, have had a surprising number of experiences and emotions in common as part of their immigrant experience
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Mya, Daw S. "Experiences and perspectives of Burmese migrant women in sustaining their families in Perth". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/304.
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This research focused on Burmese women who migrated to Australia after the 1988 riots in Burma. A large group of Burmese settled in Western Australia and the majority of them resided in Perth metropolitan and suburban areas. With deep rooted cultural and traditional backgrounds guided by religious teaching, the family is the most salient unit in Burmese communities. This dissertation sought to explore migrants from Burma by specifically focusing on the women's experience and their perspectives in sustaining their families in Perth.
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Ghosh, Manonita. "Postnatal depression vs. suffering : an anthropological approach to South Asian migrant women's postnatal feelings". University of Western Australia, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0130.
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This thesis is an ethnography of the postnatal experiences of South Asian migrant women in Perth, Western Australia. I examine cultural differences relating to mothering and argue that the South Asian culture in which these migrant women were socialized can impact greatly on how they experience the feelings of what is called “postnatal depression” in the Western medical arena. I carried out ethnographic research among the members of the Bangladeshi and Indian communities in Perth. The main focus group of this study is first time mothers who gave birth in Australia, but I also worked with other women who had grown up children. Due to migration the South Asian women and their families experienced social isolation, cultural differences, language difficulties, economic hardship and low job satisfaction. Moreover, when these women gave birth in Perth they were faced with a lack of physical and emotional support, and also distress at not being able to perform their traditional birth rituals. Their difficult situations led the women to cry, feel despondent, to suffer and to experience a sense of hopelessness. Their painful postnatal feelings can be defined as an illness - depression - by the Western medicine. However, I found these women did not perceive their negative postnatal feelings as an illness, but accepted them as a part of life. I analysed these women’s postnatal psychological understandings about “postnatal depression” by examining the South Asian convention of female virtue which is practiced through restrictions on female behaviour. The migrant women in my study, having internalizing the South Asian cultural schema of womanhood, articulate their negative postnatal feelings as a prerequisite of motherhood. In this thesis I argue that feelings are not the totality of experience, rather, experience is also formulated by the particular sociocultural perspective of the individual who is having the experience. The culture a person belongs to, defines how that person will experience his or her feelings. I also suggest that it is possible to modify dysphoric affect by altering the meaning of feelings
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Ojong, Vivian Besem A. "The study of independent African migrant women in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) : their lives and work experiences". Thesis, University of Zululand, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/934.
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A research project submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2002.African migration to South Africa is not a recent phenomenon bu in recent history, dates back to about one hundred and fifty years when African men migrated from some southern African countries to work in the South African mines. During this period however, the apartheid regime restricted African entry into the labour market of South Africa to contract mine workers, who were obviously men. Due to the abolition of apartheid. African migration to South Africa now has a gender profile. SkPIed, professional and businesswomen of African origin are now migrating independently to South Africa. This new face oftAfrican migration is transforming South African society and culture. African women from other countries have migrated to South Africa with parts of their cultures (their dresses and their food). In South Africa, these women have acquired both positive and negative identities. The negative identities expose them to discrimination in South Africa. On the other hand, the positively acquired identities nave given the women economic independence in their families and an occupational identity in their professions. In their attempt to adjust to life in South Africa, African migrant women encounter difficulties as a result of the restrictionist immigration policy of South Africa. These women are not happy with such a policy which is based solely on economic considerations. African women claim that they struggled alongside South Africans to bring apartheid to an end and were promised by the ANC-in-exilc that they were going to be welcome in an apartheid- free South Africa. These women claim that Iliey are here to make a contribution, which is clearly portrayed by their occupational experiences. This study portrays the fact that African migrant women arc impacting on South African society and are being impacted by it as well. As tempting as it is. it would be a mistake by the South African government to dismiss the current contribution made by these women both in the formal and informal sector of the South African economy. Coining from other African countries which have been plagued with political turmoil, degrading poverty and worsening of peoples living conditions (especially with the consequences of the implementation of the structural adjustment programs), migrant women have learnt to use their initiative, especially in the area of small businesses. This has enabled the women to transform their financial situations in their families. Diverse strategies have been utilised in this transformation; the inherent but powerful social networks which aided in relocating to new or particular areas in South Africa, financial and social support from their "fictive kin" system. As a "modus operandi" for Ghanaian migrant women hairdressers, country men/wo men are employed from Ghana and brought to South Africa to work in their hair salons. Since South Africans believe that Ghanaians are the best hairdressers, the migrant women have decided to employ as many Ghanaians in their salons as possible, to keep their businesses busy even in their absence. Some of the migrant women have opened food shops where indigenous West African foods are sold to the migrant population. These shops are placed in strategic places, like in central Durban which is accessible to all living in KwaZufu-Natal. In the formal sector, most of (lie migrant women were among tlic first black women lo occupy certain positions, which were previously occupied by white South Africans. Positions such as supervisors in catering departments in Iiospitals. lecturers and head of departments at some universities are examples of the empowering contribution of migrant women to South African society. These women's lives have also been impacted by South African society, especially in the apartheid era. Considering the precarious conditions under which mizrant women from Zambia lived in KwaZulu-Natal in the apartheid era (they were considered as spies because Zambia hosted some of the A.N.C-in-exile and I.F.P dominated this area), it was in their best interest to watch every step they took because they could have been killed. However, they live to tell of how they narrowly escaped death. Migration to South Africa by migrant nurses which once was considered as an opportunity to "have their own share of the gold" has turned to disillusionment. They have been caught in the web of the immigration policy of South Africa. The conditions for a migrant to stay in South Africa depend on how scarce his/her skill is. Nursing which was considered a scarce skill in the 1990s is no longer scarce. This has led lo a second migration to England by the nurses. Despite the recent increase in this second migration, some have decided to use the opportunities of working and studying in South Africa to obtain university degrees, which they believe will improve their financial situations. According to the remarks made by some of the migrant women, th;y are happy lo be where they are, for, comparatively. South Africa still has the best to ofler migrant women in the African continent. However, the migration literature shows that researchers in the field of migration have been gender-blind. Independent skilled, career and businesswomen of African origin have been side-lined in scholarly research on migration in post apartheid South Africa. In collecting data used for this study, the snowball method of sampling was used because other me! hods were not appropriate. The population of study was made of a core sample often women, although interviews were conducted informally with a cross-section with other migrant women. The study of independent African migrant women is an example of an ethnographic account at its best.
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Leahy, Patricia. "Female migrant labour in Asia: a case study of Filipina domestic workers in Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949800.
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Ho, Christina. "Migration as feminisation: Chinese women�s experiences of work and family in contemporary Australia". University of Sydney. Political Economy, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/615.
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Throughout the Western world, governments have increasingly viewed migration through the lens of economic efficiency. In the era of globalisation, they argue, migrants should be selected on the basis of their skills and qualifications. Australian governments have been strongly committed to this policy direction, and over the last two decades, have reoriented the country�s migration program from the recruitment of unskilled labour to targeting educated professionals. The current Liberal-National Coalition government claims that this policy redirection has paid off, with migrants more skilled than ever, and successfully contributing to the economy. The government bases these claims on research conducted by scholars of migrant employment, who equate high levels of human capital with successful employment outcomes. Using the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Australia (LSIA), these researchers show that migrants with qualifications and English language ability have higher rates of labour force participation, lower unemployment, and higher occupational attainment and incomes, compared to their less skilled counterparts. This thesis critically analyses this �success story� narrative. It argues that the focus on human capital has overshadowed exploration of other important factors shaping migrants� employment experiences, including the gender and birthplace of new arrivals. This thesis shows that male and female migrants, and migrants from English versus non-English speaking backgrounds, can have very different experiences of working in Australia, regardless of their skills or occupational histories. I highlight the importance of these factors by investigating the experiences of Chinese women in Australia today. Using in-depth interviews with women from China and Hong Kong, and quantitative data from the Australian census and LSIA, I show that Chinese women�s employment experiences in Australia do not conform neatly to the prevailing �success story� promoted by the Government and migration researchers. Migration to Australia causes a widespread reduction in Chinese women�s paid work. While it is normal for men to seek work immediately after arrival, women find that migration intensifies their domestic workloads, while depriving them of sources of domestic support, such as relatives and hired help. Consequently, for Chinese women, migration often means moving from full-time to part-time jobs, or withdrawing from the workforce entirely. In the process, they experience a �feminisation� of roles, as they shift from being �career women� to fulfilling the traditional �female� roles of wife and mother. Thus migration and settlement are highly gendered, and the household context is crucial for understanding migrants� employment experiences. Among those women who are in the labour force, employment outcomes vary substantially by birthplace, pointing to the cultural specificity of human capital. Although both mainland Chinese and Hong Kong migrant women tend to be highly educated, mainland women achieve far poorer outcomes than Hong Kong women. Hong Kong women, with their relatively good English language skills and officially-recognised qualifications, are generally able to secure comparable jobs to those they had in Hong Kong, although they often have problems advancing further in Australia. Meanwhile, mainland women tend to have poorer English skills and greater difficulty in having their qualifications recognised, and thus suffer often dramatic downward mobility, moving from highly skilled professions to unskilled, low-paid and low status jobs in Australia. Thus this thesis demonstrates that the value of human capital is context-dependent. It can only be valorised in a new labour market if it is sufficiently culturally compatible with local standards. Therefore, the experiences of Chinese migrant women complicate the �success story� that dominates discussions of migrant employment in Australia. Ultimately, the prevailing economistic approach fails to see the diversity and complexity of migrant experiences. We need to see migrants as social beings, whose settlement in a new country is crucially shaped by their gender and birthplace, and broader institutional factors, which determine how human capital is used and rewarded. This is the mission of this thesis.
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Ari, Hatice. "A phenomenological investigation into migrant Turkish women : issues of choice and implications for therapy". Thesis, Regent's University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646060.
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The study explores what it is like for migrant Turkish women, living in the UK, to make choices. This is followed by an exploration of the implications of these findings, for therapeutic intervention, when working with this client group. Being a migrant Turkish woman is approached as an existential life situation and making choices for this group is considered within this framework. Key areas of interest such as differences in cultural and gender norms, both within and across cultural boundaries, have been explored and how these may or may not influence Turkish migrant women’s decision making processes in the new host setting. This is particularly important in the field of counselling psychology because the awareness of such cultural dynamics may contribute to the implementation of appropriate intervention techniques within the therapeutic relationship.︣Eight participants were interviewed, all being women who have emigrated from Turkey to the UK for various reasons. Each interview transcript was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to capture the meaning of the participants’ narratives and through individual experiences four master themes have been identified.︣The findings highlight that the cultural-gendered contexts of Turkish migrant women’s lives do influence the way in which these women make their choices. Furthermore, the findings show that individual differences are central to the maintenance and/or rejection of culturally bound values and beliefs for Turkish migrant women when making choices in the host country. Whilst some participants achieved high levels of psychological adjustment in the UK others maintaining traditional gender roles were, by and large, separated from mainstream society, predominantly socialising with other Turkish immigrants. The findings also indicate the extent to which identity issues are important in understanding Turkish migrant women’s feelings of belonging.︣From these findings various suggestions have been put forward to address the issue of cross-cultural therapeutic competency that specifically attends to the concerns of this client group. The apparent differences in the degree to which this sample of Turkish migrant women experience making choices indicate there are certain limitations to this research and that pre-migration trends, including aspects such as the value placed on religion, education and family, have not been fully accounted for.
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Tonhati, Tania Mara Passarelli. "The transnational family : migration, family and rituals among Brazilian migrant women in the UK". Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2018. http://research.gold.ac.uk/23046/.
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This thesis explores how Brazilian migrant women ‘do family’ with their family members in Brazil. Of particular importance is their practice of family rituals and the giving of ritualist features to family practices to create and recreate a sense of familyhood, even while living at a distance for an extended period of time. The thesis dialogues with transnational family studies that consider the significance and continuity of family relationships in the process of migration. I investigate this in relation to and through the perspective of Brazilian women in London where, despite being populous, they remain a largely understudied migrant group. My investigation is framed by a qualitative methodological framework that includes a multi-sited ethnography at participant houses, biographical interviews and diaries. Fieldwork was carried out in the UK and in Brazil over 21 months, including thirty biographical interviews at the participants’ houses in both locations, and seven daily diaries, reporting the Brazilian women migrants’ daily interaction with their family members in Brazil. My analysis considers the process of ritualization of family life and the creation and recreation of family (in daily, weekly, monthly or annual events, or during the life-course) through communication technologies (letters, telephone, video communication) and visits that constitute the conditions of mediation for families living far apart. I show that ritualizing as a family involves a set of activities heavily encoded with symbolic and affective meanings as well as some constraints which can influence the capacity and opportunity to practise them. I conclude that the process of ritualization of family practices done by the Brazilian transnational families in this study was especially important for them, in order to (re)constitute their sense of familyhood at a distance.
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Bouleau, Chloé. "Migrant women entrepreneurship in Sweden: A life-course approach to contextualize gendered career trajectories". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182384.
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Emerging from discussions within gender, contextual embeddedness, and migration, this research addresses the issue of the labor market integration of highly educated migrant women in Sweden. The thesis seeks to broaden the understanding of the gender gap in entrepreneurship by contextualizing the decisions of starting a business, analyzing the different strategies employed by migrant women to develop their businesses as well as the role of entrepreneurship in their lives in relation to gender norms. The study uses the life course approach and methods as well as a gendered multi-context framework (Welter et al., 2014) to investigate the following research questions: 1) Under what circumstances do migrant women turn to entrepreneurship in their life course and what are the associated changes on their career? 2) How do they mobilize social ties across different spatial contexts and business stages? 3) How do migrant women make sense of entrepreneurship in relation to gendered societal norms from the country of origin and destination? The results suggest that complex temporal, spatial, social, and institutional dynamics condition the decision to start a business, and the different strategies employed. Furthermore, entrepreneurship appears as a way to challenge and overcome gender norms.
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de, Silva Kimaya. "A Journey to New Narratives: How Sri Lankan Migrant Women Challenge Perceptions through Resistance". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1561.
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This thesis draws on ethnographic research carried out with a group of returned Sri Lankan migrant women who migrated for employment to the Middle East. This retrospective ethnography, based on their time working abroad, brings forth ideas of silent resistance and hidden weapons of women from developing countries, and intends to work against dominant discourses like the human trafficking framework which deems migrant women ‘victims’ of the system of migration, largely ignoring the agency that they exercise throughout the process. The ethnography argues that resistance and resilience are better frameworks with which to characterise the experiences of migrant women. The women in this study showed that through resilience, resistance and agency, they were able to navigate through an immensely oppressive system. They used resourceful and courageous modes of resistance within constrained social situations. The thesis looks at their experiences in the three chronological stages of their migration: pre-departure, life in the host country, and the return to Sri Lanka.
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Chireka, Kudzai. "Migration and body politics: a study of migrant women workers in Bellville, Cape Town". University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4839.
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Magister Artium - MAMigration has become very prominent in South Africa, and unlike most countries on the continent, it is an extremely prominent destinations for migrants. The country attracts migrants because there is a common perception that there are better economic opportunities, jobs and living conditions within South Africa. Countries like Zimbabwe, The Democratic Republic of Congo, Somalia, Senegal, Mozambique and Nigeria are statistically high ranking in migrants entering South Africa on a daily basis (Stats SA, 2011). Most forced migration research seeks to explain the behaviour, impact, and challenges faced by the displaced with the intention of influencing agencies and governments to develop more effective responses to address the challenges. As a case study focusing on women, gender and migration at the micro-level, this study deals with the gendered and classed experiences and struggles of women migrants working as hairdressers in street salons in Bellville, Cape Town. The study explores how women who are socially marked as “other” in terms of gender, class, space, identity and nationality navigate an environment in which social worth and belonging is constantly defined by physical appearance and the environment in which the body is physically located. Through a feminist qualitative research method, the study focuses mainly on women’s experiences through interviews and participant observation. The research is therefore deeply grounded and rooted in feminist theoretical perspective and feminist methodological approaches in order to understand women’s lives and gender roles, their body politics and working lives. One of the major findings of this study is that the lack of a gendered analysis of migration has perpetuated stereotypes about who “migrants” are, what access they can have in a foreign country, in what ways they are considered “other”, and, most importantly, how they respond to their experiences of “othering” and political marginalization. It is argued that migration has been constantly changing: many contemporary migrant women are driven by adventure, desire and spirit, and not by famine, war, spouses and poverty. This study therefore develops recommendations for future researchers and policy makers in considering gender and the dynamic changes surrounding migration.
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Lee, Jane Gyung Sook. "A Narrative Analysis of the Labour Market Experiences of Korean Migrant Women in Australia". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1860.
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Abstract This thesis examines the experiences of Korean migrant women (KMW) in the Australian labour market. A review of the extant literature leads to two propositions, both of which assert that KMW are likely to experience labour market disadvantage or barriers to entry. These propositions take into account two significant theories of the labour market: segmentation theory and human capital theory. Segmentation theory argues that unchangeable gender and racial / cultural differences have the greatest impact upon labour market value, human capital theory describes the labour market value of individuals as based upon apparently objective and attainable skills (here English language skills). Using narrative analysis and, more specifically, antenarrative analysis, the study examines the life stories of 33 Australian KMW. In so doing, it identifies hitherto unheard discourses concerning the experiences of KMW in relation to the Australian labour market — discourses that challenge established academic thinking regarding this issue. Identification and analysis of these new discourses generates a number of alternative understandings of the labour market experiences of KMW. These alternative understandings both demonstrate the limitations of, and go beyond, the existing two propositions. In particular, the research shows that the impacts of gender and culture (segmentation theory) vary over time for KMW, do not always prevent labour market participation, and are experienced in terms of identity within a gendered Australian labour market. The research also demonstrates that while many KMW are in fact sufficiently skilled in the English language (human capital theory) to enter the Australian labour market, they nevertheless experience a sense of inferiority about their English language capacity that discourages them from entering, and limits their opportunities to participate in, the labour market. This in turn contributes to their social isolation. The thesis concludes that within the Australian academic literature, KMW have either been given little space and voice or have been misrepresented, reflecting and contributing to an ongoing ignorance of the experiences of Asian women in Australian workplaces. The KMW examined in this study are subject to numerous forms of subordination in Australian workplaces and society that cannot be adequately explained in terms of their human capital or their gender and cultural differences. The covert nature of the politics of difference within the work place makes exclusionary practices more difficult to identify and discuss. The thesis argues that in order to overcome these problems new policies of multiculturalism and productive diversity need to be developed. It asserts that narrative analytic techniques are an important means by which to inform such policy development. Abstract This thesis examines the experiences of Korean migrant women (KMW) in the Australian labour market. A review of the extant literature leads to two propositions, both of which assert that KMW are likely to experience labour market disadvantage or barriers to entry. These propositions take into account two significant theories of the labour market: segmentation theory and human capital theory. Segmentation theory argues that unchangeable gender and racial / cultural differences have the greatest impact upon labour market value, human capital theory describes the labour market value of individuals as based upon apparently objective and attainable skills (here English language skills). Using narrative analysis and, more specifically, antenarrative analysis, the study examines the life stories of 33 Australian KMW. In so doing, it identifies hitherto unheard discourses concerning the experiences of KMW in relation to the Australian labour market — discourses that challenge established academic thinking regarding this issue. Identification and analysis of these new discourses generates a number of alternative understandings of the labour market experiences of KMW. These alternative understandings both demonstrate the limitations of, and go beyond, the existing two propositions. In particular, the research shows that the impacts of gender and culture (segmentation theory) vary over time for KMW, do not always prevent labour market participation, and are experienced in terms of identity within a gendered Australian labour market. The research also demonstrates that while many KMW are in fact sufficiently skilled in the English language (human capital theory) to enter the Australian labour market, they nevertheless experience a sense of inferiority about their English language capacity that discourages them from entering, and limits their opportunities to participate in, the labour market. This in turn contributes to their social isolation. The thesis concludes that within the Australian academic literature, KMW have either been given little space and voice or have been misrepresented, reflecting and contributing to an ongoing ignorance of the experiences of Asian women in Australian workplaces. The KMW examined in this study are subject to numerous forms of subordination in Australian workplaces and society that cannot be adequately explained in terms of their human capital or their gender and cultural differences. The covert nature of the politics of difference within the work place makes exclusionary practices more difficult to identify and discuss. The thesis argues that in order to overcome these problems new policies of multiculturalism and productive diversity need to be developed. It asserts that narrative analytic techniques are an important means by which to inform such policy development.
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Lee, Jane Gyung Sook. "A Narrative Analysis of the Labour Market Experiences of Korean Migrant Women in Australia". Faculty of Economic and Business, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1860.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Abstract This thesis examines the experiences of Korean migrant women (KMW) in the Australian labour market. A review of the extant literature leads to two propositions, both of which assert that KMW are likely to experience labour market disadvantage or barriers to entry. These propositions take into account two significant theories of the labour market: segmentation theory and human capital theory. Segmentation theory argues that unchangeable gender and racial / cultural differences have the greatest impact upon labour market value, human capital theory describes the labour market value of individuals as based upon apparently objective and attainable skills (here English language skills). Using narrative analysis and, more specifically, antenarrative analysis, the study examines the life stories of 33 Australian KMW. In so doing, it identifies hitherto unheard discourses concerning the experiences of KMW in relation to the Australian labour market — discourses that challenge established academic thinking regarding this issue. Identification and analysis of these new discourses generates a number of alternative understandings of the labour market experiences of KMW. These alternative understandings both demonstrate the limitations of, and go beyond, the existing two propositions. In particular, the research shows that the impacts of gender and culture (segmentation theory) vary over time for KMW, do not always prevent labour market participation, and are experienced in terms of identity within a gendered Australian labour market. The research also demonstrates that while many KMW are in fact sufficiently skilled in the English language (human capital theory) to enter the Australian labour market, they nevertheless experience a sense of inferiority about their English language capacity that discourages them from entering, and limits their opportunities to participate in, the labour market. This in turn contributes to their social isolation. The thesis concludes that within the Australian academic literature, KMW have either been given little space and voice or have been misrepresented, reflecting and contributing to an ongoing ignorance of the experiences of Asian women in Australian workplaces. The KMW examined in this study are subject to numerous forms of subordination in Australian workplaces and society that cannot be adequately explained in terms of their human capital or their gender and cultural differences. The covert nature of the politics of difference within the work place makes exclusionary practices more difficult to identify and discuss. The thesis argues that in order to overcome these problems new policies of multiculturalism and productive diversity need to be developed. It asserts that narrative analytic techniques are an important means by which to inform such policy development. Abstract This thesis examines the experiences of Korean migrant women (KMW) in the Australian labour market. A review of the extant literature leads to two propositions, both of which assert that KMW are likely to experience labour market disadvantage or barriers to entry. These propositions take into account two significant theories of the labour market: segmentation theory and human capital theory. Segmentation theory argues that unchangeable gender and racial / cultural differences have the greatest impact upon labour market value, human capital theory describes the labour market value of individuals as based upon apparently objective and attainable skills (here English language skills). Using narrative analysis and, more specifically, antenarrative analysis, the study examines the life stories of 33 Australian KMW. In so doing, it identifies hitherto unheard discourses concerning the experiences of KMW in relation to the Australian labour market — discourses that challenge established academic thinking regarding this issue. Identification and analysis of these new discourses generates a number of alternative understandings of the labour market experiences of KMW. These alternative understandings both demonstrate the limitations of, and go beyond, the existing two propositions. In particular, the research shows that the impacts of gender and culture (segmentation theory) vary over time for KMW, do not always prevent labour market participation, and are experienced in terms of identity within a gendered Australian labour market. The research also demonstrates that while many KMW are in fact sufficiently skilled in the English language (human capital theory) to enter the Australian labour market, they nevertheless experience a sense of inferiority about their English language capacity that discourages them from entering, and limits their opportunities to participate in, the labour market. This in turn contributes to their social isolation. The thesis concludes that within the Australian academic literature, KMW have either been given little space and voice or have been misrepresented, reflecting and contributing to an ongoing ignorance of the experiences of Asian women in Australian workplaces. The KMW examined in this study are subject to numerous forms of subordination in Australian workplaces and society that cannot be adequately explained in terms of their human capital or their gender and cultural differences. The covert nature of the politics of difference within the work place makes exclusionary practices more difficult to identify and discuss. The thesis argues that in order to overcome these problems new policies of multiculturalism and productive diversity need to be developed. It asserts that narrative analytic techniques are an important means by which to inform such policy development.
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Shi, Hong. "The Maternity Care Needs of, and Service Provision for, Chinese Migrant Women in Brisbane". Thesis, Griffith University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366136.
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In Australia, there are significant differences in the perinatal health of non-English speaking background (NESB) women compared with that of English speaking background and Australia born (except for Aborigines). A recent preliminary study of Chinese migrant communities in Brisbane has shown that health and wellbeing of new mothers during the postnatal period is a growing concern. This suggests the necessity of research into the maternity needs of Chinese migrant women and whether or not these needs are being fulfilled by maternity care services in Australia.
In order to explore in depth the experiences of both the consumers and the providers, this study adopted a need assessment approach and employed a variety of qualitative techniques: focus group discussion, in-depth interviews with twenty Chinese migrant mothers, obstetricians, midwives, nurses and community key informants, and participant observation in antenatal classes and four birth deliveries. The study found unmet needs in four major areas: community and social support; cross-cultural communication; accessibility of information on health and services; and cultural appropriateness of service provision. Apart from general recommendations of service improvement in relation to the above four areas, the study has provided practical strategies such as bilingual cards for communication in emergency birth delivery situations. The findings of this study should have important implications for improving cultural sensitivity and appropriateness for service provision for other NESB migrant groups in Australia.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Public Health
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Sweeting, Jane Elizabeth. "The gender implications of the European Community Free Movement of Persons provisions". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/703.
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This thesis was carried out as part of a wider comparative study that was funded by the University of Plymouth and the Equal Opportunities Unit of the European Commission. Researchers from Great Britain, Greece, Ireland, Portugal and Sweden participated in this study. This thesis is based on the research that was carried out in London for which the author was solely responsible. The impetus for this research was to explore the implications for women of a largely unexplored aspect of European Community (EC) legislation. A lot of attention has focused on EC equal opportunities legislation but very little has been written about the impact of other more fundamental aspects of European Community legislation on women. This thesis therefore makes an important contribution to the EC gender equality debate by providing an understanding of the Free Movement of Persons Provisions - which serve as the basis for European citizenship - from a gender perspective. This research is based on three components; secondary data analysis, in particular the Labour Force Survey and a literature review of migration studies and issues concerning women and citizenship. The investigation also involves an analysis of primary, secondary and case law relating to the Free Movement of Persons provisions. The main empirical element of this research is an analysis of fifty in-depth life history interviews with European Union national women who had migrated to Great Britain and who were living in London in 1995. This thesis exposes the limitations of existing data sources and migration literature concerning the nature and process of migration for this group of women. It is argued that migration has been reported as a male phenomenon, which has perpetuated a myth, that migration is a male rather than female affair. A discussion of citizenship issues at a national level reveals the secondary citizenship status of women. These gendered assumptions about migration and the operation of citizenship rights are echoed in the way in which the Free Movement of Persons provisions have been developing and are at odds with the European Union's commitment to gender equality
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Guo, Man, i 郭漫. "Migration experience of floating population in China: a case study of women migrant domestic workers in Beijing". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35318387.
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