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Payton, Oliver David. "High-speed atomic force microscopy under the microscope". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.574416.
Pełny tekst źródłaFranklin, Thomas. "Scanning ionoluminescence microscopy with a helium ion microscope". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/352281/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSzelc, Jedrzej. "THz imaging and microscopy : a multiplexed near-field TeraHertz microscope". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/209643/.
Pełny tekst źródłaWright, Adele Hart. "Design, development, and application of an automated precision scanning microscope stage with a controlled environment". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16409.
Pełny tekst źródłaYu, Enhua. "Crossed and uncrossed retinal fibres in normal and monocular hamsters : light and electron microscopic studies /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13014316.
Pełny tekst źródłaToledo, Acosta Bertha Mayela. "Multimodal image registration in 2D and 3D correlative microscopy". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S054/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is concerned with the definition of an automated registration framework for 2D and 3D correlative microscopy images, in particular for correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) images. In recent years, CLEM has become an important and powerful tool in the bioimaging field. By using CLEM, complementary information can be collected from a biological sample. An overlay of the different microscopy images is commonly achieved using techniques involving manual assistance at several steps, which is demanding and time consuming for biologists. To facilitate and disseminate the CLEM process for biologists, the thesis work is focused on creating automatic registration methods that are reliable, easy to use and do not require parameter tuning or complex knowledge. CLEM registration has to deal with many issues due to the differences between electron microscopy and light microscopy images and their acquisition, both in terms of pixel resolution, image size, content, field of view and appearance. We have designed intensity-based methods to align CLEM images in 2D and 3D. They involved a common representation of the LM and EM images using the LoG transform, a pre-alignment step exploiting histogram-based similarities within an exhaustive search, and a fine mutual information-based registration. In addition, we have defined a robust motion model selection method, and a multiscale spot detection method which were exploited in the 2D CLEM registration. Our automated CLEM registration framework was successfully tested on several real 2D and 3D CLEM datasets and the results were validated by biologists, offering an excellent perspective in the usefulness of our methods
Battistella, Eliana. "Towards an improved photonic force microscope: a novel technique for biological microscopy". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14864/.
Pełny tekst źródłaRea, Nigel P. "Interference and laser feedback optical microscopy". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:989c9fca-947d-490c-9f34-38065a7c57d9.
Pełny tekst źródłaRomero, Leiro Freddy José. "Poly-articulated microrobotics for correlative AFM-in-SEM microscopy". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS520.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaCorrelative microscopy is the result of the combination of two or more microscopy techniques to provide complementary information on a sample. When using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an atomic force microscope (AFM), AFM-in-SEM correlative microscopy not only enables the 3D characterization of samples observed inside a SEM, but also the manipulation of micro- and nanostructures with an extremely high precision. This technique can be applied to various samples in biology, electronics and materials science. Although existing AFM-in-SEM solutions in the current state of the art are powerful, they require expert users; they are not versatile enough to be used for different types of tasks; and they use Cartesian AFM robots that severely limit the dexterity and performance of the imaging system. The aim of this thesis is to study and experiment an original concept of an AFM based on poly- articulated robotics for AFM-in-SEM correlative microscopy. A homemade 6 DoF (3 translations and 3 rotations) robotic AFM system is developed and integrated inside a SEM. The ability to control 3 positions and 3 rotations of a micrometer sized AFM probe while keeping the center of rotation at the close proximity of a micro-structure is very challenging. This is mainly due to the uncertainties inherent to the assembly of micro-robotic systems and clearances in the joints of the robot that are of the same order of magnitude as the required AFM probe positioning accuracy. Robot calibration methods and control theory can however overcome these limitations as demonstrated in the thesis. Control strategies and a user interface are studied to operate the multi DoF correlative imaging system in a versatile and intuitive way for low-level end users while keeping it enough powerful for high-level end users. Several key features that go beyond the state of the art are implemented, including - Vision based control for fast and automated landing of an AFM probe on a micrometer sized sample with robustness with respect to the SEM magnification. The user can select any region of interest (ROI) on a sample by simply performing a mouse click on the SEM screen. Whatever the SEM magnification, the control algorithm ensures a safe landing of the AFM probe on the ROI. The surface of the sample can be as high as several square centimeters and the positioning can be achieved with a micrometric precision. - In-plane and out-of-plane rotation of a sample relatively to the AFM probe while keeping the center of rotation around the tip of the AFM. The center of rotation is defined by the user with a mouse click on the SEM screen. This feature is useful for manipulation and topography tasks, as well as for multi-angle observations of a sample inside a SEM. - Trajectory/speed selection modes. Low speed AFM mode for a detailed topography imaging. Fast AFM mode (4fps) for dynamic observations at the nanoscale. The users also have access to the control parameters. They can be modified to suit their needs. - Mosaic AFM mode to extend the topography scanning area inside a SEM. All these features rely on research works in robotics, mechatronics and control made during the thesis. The latter has the potential to opens the door to a new era of poly-articulated atomic force microscopes used in correlative microscopy
Mattocks, Philip. "Scanning tunnelling microscopy and atomic force microscopy of semiconducting materials". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/scanning-tunnelling-microscopy-and-atomic-force-microscopy-of-semiconducting-materials(9bc10301-2c4d-4dfb-a374-f65ee37ae23a).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaBIAGINI, CLAUDIO. "Bead Mediated Microscopy: from high resolution microscopy to nano-Raman". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1030687.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhang, Hao. "Functional photoacoustic microscopy". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1743.
Pełny tekst źródłaElder, A. D. "Quantitative fluorescence microscopy". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598801.
Pełny tekst źródłaNaredi-Rainer, Nikolaus. "Advanced confocal microscopy". Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-168349.
Pełny tekst źródłaDavies, Eva Melari. "Single molecule microscopy". Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-173355.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeÌrez, JoseÌ CristoÌbal Valera. "Electric force microscopy". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400970.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeane, Robert B. "Scanning tunnelling microscopy". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291716.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Jing. "Ultrafast thermoreflectance microscopy". Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/11118.
Pełny tekst źródłaAs electronic and photonic devices shrink to the nanoscale, heat dissipation becomes the bottleneck for performance. As a result, understanding and controlling nanoscale thermal transport in thin films and across interfaces is a critical issue requiring new experimental tools. In this thesis, the development of an ultrafast thermoreflectance microscope for high resolution thermal property imaging is described. It can function as a time domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) or frequency domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) system. Design and implementation of the optical system will be introduced in detail. A thermal model derived from heat transfer theory is used to analyze the experimental data and obtain quantitative property maps for bulk and thin-film samples. The system is used to obtain temperature dependent thermal properties of single crystal diamond and thin film VO2, as well as thermal property maps of several thin film samples.
Mermelstein, Michael Stephen. "Synthetic aperture microscopy". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8178.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (p. 134-136).
In the late 1800's, Ernst Abbe, research director of the Carl Zeiss Optical Works, wrote down the rules for a lens to form a sharp image. Advances in communications theory, signal processing, and computers have allowed us.finally to break those rules. Our "Synthetic Aperture Microscope" floods a large region with a richly complex, finely structured pattern of light-the interference pattern of a ring of n coherent sources. A target within the volume of the interference fluoresces (or scatters or transmits) an amount of lights that reveals correspondences with this "probing illumination." Modulating'fthe phases and amplitudes of the n beams with carefully chosen modulation signals causes the probe illumination to step through a predetermined or measured family of patterns. A sensor records the target's response in a time-sequence. This time-sequence contains each of order n2 complex Fourier coefficients of the target. Each of these coefficients is encrypted by a unique spread-spectrum key embedded in the amplitude and phase modulation signals. Signal processing picks out these coefficients to reconstruct an image of the target. Low resolution conventional imaging maps an array of "targets" (actually portions of a larger target) to a CCD array, thus allowing this sensing process to be done in parallel over a large region. The end result is to boost the resolution of a conventional imager by hundreds to thousands of sub-pixels per physical pixel. Both theoretical and experimental work on the engineering to make the concept practical are reported.
by Michael Stephen Mermelstein.
Ph.D.
McKendry, Rachel Anne. "Chemical force microscopy". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624272.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchlachter, Simon Christopher. "Quantitative multidimensional microscopy". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609221.
Pełny tekst źródłaFafchamps, Lionel. "Aperture correlation microscopy". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45648.
Pełny tekst źródłaPacheco, Shaun, i Shaun Pacheco. "Array Confocal Microscopy". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623252.
Pełny tekst źródłaKielhorn, Martin. "Spatio-angular microscopy". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/spatioangular-microscopy(dfcbd278-ea47-40cb-be90-76a0e5c150c2).html.
Pełny tekst źródłaYe, Peng. "Compressive confocal microscopy". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 50 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1889084501&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaKuhn, William Paul. "Multiplexed acoustic microscopy". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187389.
Pełny tekst źródłaUlrich, Elaine. "Hydrodynamic Force Microscopy". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195004.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Jianbo. "Microlens Assisted Microscopy". OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1298.
Pełny tekst źródłaRogers, Stuart Craig. "Defect Detection Microscopy". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2256.
Pełny tekst źródłaFrozoni, Marcos Roberto dos Santos 1969. "Efeito do fluor na organização supramolecular da matriz organica do esmalte dentario em camundongos". [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290014.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: A biossíntese do esmalte dentário inicia-se pela secreção, processamento proteolítico e auto-agregação de uma complexa mistura de proteínas, sintetizadas pelos ameloblastos, conhecida como matriz orgânica do esmalte. A formação desta matriz ocorre em três estágios: secreção (inicial), transição e maturação e parece ser fundamental para o controle da orientação e morfologia dos cristais de hidroxiapatita, que constituem a fase mineral do esmalte em desenvolvimento. No estágio de secreção da amelogênese, a matriz orgânica do esmalte apresenta uma organização supramolecular birrefringente, dessa forma, a referida matriz pode ser observada e quantificada por meio de microscopia de luz polarizada. Alterações genéticas e ambientais podem induzir a distúrbios na organização molecular da matriz orgânica extracellular do esmalte (MOECE) dentário no estágio secretório, gerando modificações em sua birrefringência, tais distúrbios podem contribuir para alterações na estrutura do esmalte maduro. Altos níveis de ingestão de flúor causam mudanças na estrutura e concentração das proteínas da matriz orgânica do esmalte, induzindo a falhas na mineralização e formação desorganizada dos cristais do esmalte. Estas alterações caracterizam a fluorose de esmalte e incluem aumento da porosidade, redução do conteúdo mineral e diminuição da microdureza do esmalte maduro. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos do flúor sobre a birrefringência da MOECE no estágio secretório. Quinze camundongos da linhagem A/J foram divididos em 3 grupos e submetidos a um tratamento de 30 dias com dieta exclusiva de ração e água deionizada ad libitum. A água ingerida continha 0, 25, e 50 ppm de flúor (NaF) nos grupos A/J-Controle, A/J-Flúor 25 ppm e A/J-Flúor 50 ppm, respectivamente. Os mesmos procedimentos foram aplicados a quinze camundongos da linhagem NOD (Non Obese Diabetic), caracterizando os grupos NOD-Controle, NOD-Flúor 25 ppm e NOD-Flúor 50 ppm. Após o período acima mencionado, todos os animais foram perfundidos com uma mistura de paraformaldeído 2% com glutaral deído 0,5% em tampão fosfato 0,2 M e suas hemimaxilas foram extraídas e mantidas na mesma solução fixadora por 16h, as amostras foram então descalcificadas em mistura de ácido nítrico 5% com formaldeído 4 % por 6 h sob agitação. Após desidratação e inclusão em parafina, obtive-se cortes longitudinais de 5µm de espessura que foram desparafinizados, hidratados, montados em solução aquosa de glicerina 80% e analisados em microscopia de luz polarizada. Realizou-se a análise da matriz orgânica dos incisivos superiores de modo a se determinar o retardo óptico em nanômetros (nm) na área de maior birrefringência no estágio de secreção da amelogênese. Os valores de retardo ótico foram submetidos à análise estatística (Kruskal-Wallis) e os grupos A/J e NOD foram comparados separadamente. Observou-se um aumento, estatisticamente significante, dos valores de retardo ótico nos grupos A/J-Flúor 25 ppm e A/J-Flúor 50 ppm, quando comparados ao grupo A/J-Controle (p<0,01). O mesmo aconteceu com os grupos NOD-Flúor 25 ppm e NOD-Flúor 50 ppm que mostraram aumento, estatisticamente significante, dos valores de retardo ótico quando comparados ao grupo NOD-Controle (p<0,01). Os grupos A/J-Flúor apresentaram valores semelhantes (p>0,05) o que também ocorreu com os grupos NOD-Flúor. Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que o flúor induz a um aumento da birrefringência da MOECE no estágio de secreção, podendo estar associado ao mecanismo de desenvolvimento da fluorose de esmalte
Abstract: Dental enamel biosynthesis begins with secretion, proteolytic processing and self-assembly of a highly complex mixture of proteins, synthesised by ameloblast, which is known as the enamel organic matrix. This matrix formation occurs at three stages: secretion (initial), transition and maturation and seems to be essential for controlling orientation and morphology of the hydroxyapatite crystals that comprise mineral phase of developing enamel. In the secretory stage of amelogenesis, the enamel organic matrix presents a birefringent supramolecular organization. Therefore, it can be observed and quantified by polarizing microscopy. Genetic and environmental alterations may induce disturbances in the molecular organization of the secretory-stage enamel organic extracellular matrix (EOECM), producing birefringence changes, these disturbances may contribute to mature enamel alterations. High levels of ingested fluoride cause modifications in the structure and concentration of proteins of the enamel organic matrix inducing failures in the mineralization and disorganized enamel crystals formation. These alterations characterize enamel fluorosis, include increased porosity, mineral content reduction and diminished mature enamel micro hardness. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects of fluoride on the birefringence of secretory stage EOECM. Fifteen A/J inbred mice strain were divided into 3 groups and submitted to a treatment during 30 days with exclusive diet of food and deionized water ad libitum. The ingested water contained 0, 25 and 50 ppm fluoride (NaF) in the groups A/J Control, A/J 25 ppm fluoride and A/J 50 ppm fluoride, respectively. The same procedures were applied to fifteen NOD (Non Obese Diabetic) mice, which formed the groups NOD Control, NOD 25 ppm fluoride and NOD 50 ppm fluoride. After the abovementioned period, all the animals were perfused with 2% paraformaldehyde, 0.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.2 M phosphate buffered solution. Its hemimaxillae were then extracted and maintained in the same fixative solution for 16 h, the samples were decalcified under stirring in 5% nitric acid, 4% formaldehyde for 6 h. After dehydration and embedded in paraffin, longitudinal 5-µm-thick sections were obtained and deparaffined, hydrated and mounted with aqueous 80% glycerine as imbibing medium and analyzed with polarizing microscopy. Optical retardation (nm) of the area that showed the highest birefringence brightness in the EOECM of upper incisors was determined. Optical retardation values were submitted to statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis) and A/J and NOD groups were separately compared. An statistically significant increase in optical retardations values was observed in A/J 25 ppm Fluoride and A/J 50 ppm Fluoride, when compared to A/J Control group (p<0.01). The same happened with NOD 25 ppm Fluoride and NOD 50 ppm Fluoride groups which exhibited statistically significant increase in optical retardations values when compared to NOD Control group (p<0.01). A/J Fluoride groups presented similar optical retardation values (p>0.05) which occurred with NOD fluoride groups. The results presented here show the fluoride induces an increase in the birefringence of secretory stage EOECM, which may be associated with enamel fluorosis development. Key words: Enamel, Amelogenesis, Enamel Organic Matrix, Birefringence, Fluoride
Mestrado
Histologia e Embriologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
Pini, Núbia Inocencya Pavesi 1987. "In vitro and in situ evaluation of microabrasion technique on enamel microhardness and morphology = Avaliação in vitro e in situ da técnica de microabrasão sobre a microdureza e morfologia do esmalte dental". [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290365.
Pełny tekst źródłaTexto em português e inglês
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar, in vitro, a influência dos ácidos utilizados para microabrasão e, in situ, o efeito do tempo de contato com a saliva na microdureza e morfologia do esmalte abrasionado. Metodologia: In vitro: Setenta blocos dentais bovinos foram divididos em 7 grupos (n=10). Os grupos experimentais foram tratados com aplicação ativa/passiva dos ácidos H3PO4 35% (E1/E2) ou HCl 6,6% (E3/E4); e controles, tratados com microabrasão com H3PO4+pedra-pomes (C5), HCl+silica (C6) ou nenhum tratamento (C7). In situ: Nove grupos (n=19) de blocos dentais bovinos foram divididos de acordo com o tratamento e o tempo de exposição salivar, sendo 4 grupos tratados com H3PO4+pedra-pomes, 4 com HCl+sílica e 1 grupo controle. Os grupos tratados foram subdivididos em: sem exposição salivar, 1 hora, 24 horas ou 7 dias de exposição em ambiente intrabucal. A microdureza superficial (SMH) foi avaliada antes e após a microabrasão, e após exposição salivar (in situ). A microdureza subsuperficial (CSMH - 10, 25, 50 e 75 ?m) foi analisada após a microabrasão (in vitro) e após a exposição salivar (in situ). Espécimes representativos foram selecionados para a avaliação da morfologia do esmalte por meio da microscopia confocal de varredura a laser (MCVL - in vitro) e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV - in situ). Para a análise estatística foi realizada análise de variância para medidas repetidas (Proc Mixed), e os testes de Tukey-Kramer e Dunnet (SMH) e ANOVA (parcelas subdivididas) e Tukey-Kramer (CSMH - in situ) (p<0.05). Resultados: In vitro: Não foram encontradas diferenças entre as análises pré e pós-microabrasão entre os grupos controles para SMH. Entre os grupos experimentais, a aplicação ativa demonstrou os maiores valores de SMH, sem diferença entre os ácidos, com a mesma forma de aplicação. A maioria dos grupos apresentou redução do valor de CSMH conforme aumento da profundidade, com diferenças entre os grupos com microabrasão (C5 e C6) e o C7; e entre todos os grupos experimentais e o C7. Comparando a aplicação dos ácidos, a aplicação ativa do H3PO4 (E1) mostrou maior CSMH com diferença estatística em relação ao HCl (E3). A MCVL demonstrou diferentes padrões de condicionamento para cada grupo. In situ: Para as análises de SMH, todos os grupos tratados apresentaram redução na microdureza, com diferenças em relação ao controle e a leitura inicial. Após exposição salivar, os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com HCl+sílica foi mais propenso à remineralização, já que, com 1 hora foi verificado aumento na SMH, com diferença significante em relação à análise pós-microabrasão. Apenas o tratamento com HCl+sílica foi eficiente em reestabelecer tal propriedade em relação ao controle. A análise de CSMH confirmou a maior capacidade de remineralização do esmalte tratado com HCl+sílica, uma vez que após 7 dias de exposição salivar, os valores de microdureza foram restabelecidos para as camadas mais superficiais do esmalte (10 e 25 ?m). A MEV demonstrou o efeito remineralizador da saliva para ambos os tratamentos. Conclusões: Os ácidos utilizados para microabrasão apresentaram alto poder erosivo quando aplicados individualmente. O tratamento com HCl+sílica resultou em uma superfície de esmalte mais propensa à remineralização
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate, in vitro, the effect of acids used in microabrasion on enamel microhardness, and, in situ, the effects of remineralizing time on enamel surface after microabrasion. Methods: In vitro: Seven groups (n=10) of enamel blocks from bovine incisors were divided in: Experimental groups treated by active/passive application of 35% H3PO4 (E1/E2) or 6.6% HCl (E3/E4); and control groups treated by microabrasion with H3PO4+pumice (C5), HCl+silica (C6), or no treatment (C7). In situ: Nine groups (n=19) of same specimens were divided in according to microabrasion and salivary exposition being 1 control (no treatment) and 4 groups with microabrasion using 35% H3PO4+pumice and 4 groups using 6.6% +silica. One group of each treatment was submitted to 4 frames of salivary exposition, being without exposition and with 1 hour, 24 hours or 7 days of presence on in situ regimen. Surface microhardness (SMH) was evaluated before and after microabrasion, and after salivary exposition (in situ). Cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH) was analyzed after microabrasion (in vitro) and after salivary exposition (in situ). For confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM - in vitro) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM - in situ), representative specimens group were selected. Statistical analysis used Proc Mixed, Tukey-Kramer and Dunnet tests (SMH) e ANOVA (subdivided parcels) and Tukey-Kramer tests (CSMH - in situ) (p<0.05). Results: In vitro: For SMH, it was not found statistically differences between the control groups after treatment. Active application resulted in significantly higher microhardness results than passive application, with no difference between acids. For most groups, the CSMH decreased as the depth increased, with differences between the groups treated with microabrasion (C5 and C6) and C7; and between all of experimental groups and C7. A significantly higher mean CSMH result was obtained with active application of H3PO4 compared to HCl. CLSM revealed the conditioning pattern for each group. In situ: For SMH, the groups treated with microabrasion presented reducing in mineral content, with statistical difference in relation to the control and to the initial analysis. The treatment HCl+silica presented lower reduction and were statistically different from the treatment with H3PO4+pumice. After salivary exposition SMH results revealed that surface treated with HCl+silica was more prone to remineralizing effect of saliva, once it was verified since with 1 hour of presence in in situ regimen, with significant differences between the treatments after 7 days of salivary exposition. Just for SMH, the HCl+silica reached values obtained in control group. CSMH analysis showed that 7 days of salivary exposition were efficient in reestablish de values for the outer layers (10 e 25 ?m) of enamel treated with HCl+silica. SEM analysis presented the remineralizing effect in the course of the time. Conclusions: Acids used for enamel microabrasion presented a higher erosive action when solely applicated. Data suggested that enamel surface treated with HCl+silica presented more susceptibility for remineralizing action of saliva than that treated with phosphoric acid and pumice
Mestrado
Dentística
Mestra em Clínica Odontológica
Sfalcin, Ravana Angelini 1985. "Avaliação de propriedades físico-químicas de infiltrantes experimentais com adição de partículas de vidro bioativas = Evaluation of the physical-chemical properties of experimental infiltrants incorporated with bioactive glass particles". [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288423.
Pełny tekst źródłaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físico-químicas de infiltrantes resinosos com adição de partículas bioativas, bem como sua capacidade de penetração e dureza da profundidade em lesões subsuperficiais de esmalte. Uma blenda contendo TEGDMA (75% em peso) e BisEMA (25% em peso) foi manipulada e a partir dela foram incorporados 5 tipos de partículas bioativas (10% em peso): hidroxiapatita (HAp), fosfato de cálcio amorfo (ACP), vidro bioativo policarboxilato de zinco (BAG Zn), vidro bioativo 45S5 (BAG 45S5), cimento de silicato de cálcio modificado por ?-TCP (HCAT-?). Um material comercial foi utilizado (ICON®) como controle. Dez espécimes foram confeccionados para cada grupo de cada teste: rugosidade superficial (Ra) antes e após a escovação; Resistência à flexão por 3 pontos (RF) e módulo de elasticidade (ME); resistência coesiva à tração (RC); dureza Knoop (KHN); densidade de ligação cruzada (DLC); grau de conversão (GC); sorção (S) e solubilidade (SL) em água; e micro-dureza (KHN). Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA e teste Tukey (?=0.05). A penetração dos infiltrantes resinosos no esmalte humano desmineralizado foi qualitativamente avaliada em Microscopia Confocal de Varredura a Laser (n=5). Os resultados mostraram que os menores valores de rugosidade (antes e após a escovação foram apresentados pelo ACP. Com relação à resistência a flexão e módulo de elasticidade, T+B apresentou o maior valor e ICON® mostrou o menor valor. ICON® também mostrou o menor valor de resistência coesiva à tração; não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos T+B, HAp, ACP, BAG Zn, BAG 45S5 e HCAT-?. Para o teste de dureza Knoop, ICON® obteve o menor valor e BAG Zn mostrou o maior valor. Para densidade de ligação cruzada, ICON® apresentou maior quantidade de ligação cruzada e HAp, menor quantidade de ligação cruzada. ICON® apresentou grau de conversão significantemente menor que os infiltrantes experimentais, que não diferiram entre eles. ICON® apresentou a maior sorção de água e HAp a menor. Não houve diferença significativa entre os demais grupos. Para solubilidade, ICON® apresentou os maiores valores, mas sem diferença de ACP. BAG 45S5 apresentou a menor solubilidade. Com relação a micro-dureza, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as profundidades avaliadas (50 µm, 200 µm, 350 µm e 500 µm). BAG 45S5, BAG Zn e HCAT-? não mostraram diferença estatística entre eles. Entretanto, HCAT-? e BAG Zn foram similares ao ICON® e ACP. O grupo cariado mostrou menor valor quando comparado a todos os grupos testados. A análise em microscopia confocal mostrou que todos os materiais apresentaram boa capacidade de penetração nas lesões iniciais, exceto para FCA. Pôde ser concluído que adição de partículas bioativas em um infiltrante experimental melhorou as propriedades mecânicas e não afetou a capacidade de penetração dos infiltrantes. O infiltrante resinoso contendo fosfato de cálcio amorfo foi o que apresentou o melhor desempenho no teste de rugosidade de superfície antes e após a escovação
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical-chemical properties of the experimental infiltrants with the addition of bioactive particles as well as their capability of penetration and depth Knoop hardness into caries-like lesions. A control blend was made with TEGDMA (75 wt%) and BisEMA (25 wt%). Five bioactive fillers were added in the control blend (10 wt%): Hydroxyapatite (Hap), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), Zinc-polycarboxylated bioactive glass (BAG-Zn), bioactive glass 45S5 (BAG 45S5), and ?-TCP modified calcium silicate cements (HCAT-?). An available commercially material was used (ICON®). Ten specimens were comprised by each group for the following tests: Surface roughness (Ra) before and after brushing abrasion; flexural strength (FS) and elastic modulus (E-Modulus); tensile cohesive strength (TCS); Knoop hardness (KHN); softnening ratio (SR); degree of conversion (DC); water sorption (WS) and solubility (SL); and micro-hardness (micro-KHN). Data were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey¿s test (?=0.05). Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy was used to evaluate qualitatively the penetration capability of resin infiltrants into demineralized human enamel. Results showed that ACP had the lowest Ra before and after brushing abrasion. Regarding to the FS and E-modulus, T+B showed the higher value and ICON® showed the lower value. Also, ICON® showed the lower value of TCS, but there was no significant statistically difference among the groups T+B, HAp, ACP, BAG Zn, BAG 45S5 e HCAT-?. To the KHN, ICON® obtained the lower value and BAG Zn showed the higher value. According to the SR, ICON® showed lower SR and HAp, the higher SR. ICON showed DC significantly lower than experimental resin infiltrants. Regarding to the WS, ICON® presented the highest water sorption and HAp the lowest one. There was no significant statistically difference among the other groups. ICON showed the highest SL results; however, the results were similar to ACP. The lowest SL was found for BAG 45S5. Regarding to the micro-KHN, there was no statistically difference among the analyzed depths (50 µm, 200 µm, 350 µm and 500 µm). BAG 45S5, BAG Zn and HCAT- ? did not show statistical difference among them. However, HCAT- ? and BAG Zn were similar to ICON® and ACP. Carious group showed lower value when compared to all the tested groups. Confocal microscopy analysis showed good capability of penetration into the initial lesions for all materials, except for ACP. It could be concluded that the addition of bioactive particles into an experimental infiltrant improved the mechanical properties and did not affect the capability of penetration into the experimental infiltrants. The resin infiltrant with amorphous calcium phosphate presented the best performance to the roughness surface before and after brushing abrasion
Doutorado
Materiais Dentarios
Doutora em Materiais Dentários
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Pełny tekst źródłaThis work has as main objective, the study of microscopy techniques for structural characterization of semiconductors and the development of the techniques of sample preparation, because the structural characterization is of highest importance for the obtaining of better results in the process of production of semiconductors thin films. The techniques more used in the structural characterization, are the techniques of electronic microscopy (Scanning and Transmission), together with the Atomic Force Microscopy. Samples of InGaAs/GaAs and InAs/GaAs were used, grown by the technique of MBE (Molecular Beam Epitaxy), with quantum dots, structures these rich ones in details. Such samples were prepared and characterized in each one of the techniques in study. The Scanning Microscopy and Atomic Force present easy preparation. The obtained results even so they show that the technique of Scanning Microscopy doesn\'t offer enough resolution for visualization of the heteroestructures; already the technique of Atomic Force shows excellent results of the topography of the quantum dots. For the Transmission Microscopy the preparation of samples is shown very difficult and delayed, however, the obtained result was very satisfactory. The preparation process goes by cutting stages, dimpling and ion milling. The obtained images reveal with clarity the quantum structure of points. With the accomplished study, it was possible to determine the main characteristics of each technique, as well as determining a methodology that can come to be applied to the other types of semiconductors heterostructures
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Pełny tekst źródłaChemistry and Chemical Biology
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Pełny tekst źródłaThe advent of STED microscopy has created a lot of excitement in the field of neuroscience becausemany important neuronal structures, such as dendritic spines, axonal shafts or astroglial processes,cannot be properly resolved by regular light microscopy techniques. Two-photon fluorescence microscopy is a widely used imaging technique in neuroscience because it permits imaging dynamic events deep inside light-scattering brain tissue, providing high optical sectioning and depth penetration. However, the spatial resolution of this approach is limited to around half a micron, and hence is inadequate for revealing many morphological details of neurons and synapses. The aim of my PhD work was to A) develop a microscope that improves on two-photon imaging by combining it with STED microscopy and to B) demonstrate its potential for nanoscale imaging of dynamic neural processes in acute brain slices and in vivo. The new microscope achieves a lateral spatial resolution of ~50 nm at imaging depths of ~50 μm in living brain slices. It works with green fluorophores, including common fluorescent proteins like GFP and YFP, offering two-color contrast based on spectral detection and linear unmixing. Because of its upright design using a long working distance water-immersion objective, it was possible to incorporate electrophysiological techniques like patch-clamping or to add a stage for in vivo imaging. I have used the new microscope to image fine neural processes and their nanoscale dynamics in different experimental preparations and brain regions, revealing new and interesting morphological features of dendrites and spines. In addition, I have explored different labeling strategies to be able to use STED microscopy for visualizing protein trafficking and dynamics at the nanoscale in brain slices
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Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on multiphotonic microscopy techniques development and use in order to image human biological samples. A multiphotonic imaging setup using label-free nonlinear contrasts mechanisms such as two-photons fluorescence, second harmonic generation, or stimulated Raman effect (CARS or SRS) has been designed and developped during this PhD, and I present the experimental work in two main research topics.In a first part, we compare label-free 3D imaging with classic histological imaging using colorimetric labels in human digestive system. We show that multiphotonic technics allow to reconstruct the organization and discern the molecular compounds inside the tissues, in order to get a caratérization of the cancerous tumors developpement.The second part is related to the application of our multimodal setup to the quantitative study of real active molecular compounds real time penetration into in vivo human skin. We show that multiphotonic microscopy make possible to mesure active molecules in depth 3D concentration in the skin in order to understand transcutaneous diffusion mechanisms in cosmetic and pharmacological applications
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Pełny tekst źródłaA home-built vacuum magnetic force microscope (MFM) was debugged. The electronic noise in the system was reduced to below the thermal cantilever noise and the microscope now operates at its theoretical maximum (thermally limited) sensitivity. Then, a new technique, magnetic dissipation imaging, was developed. It allows the imaging of variations of 10-17 W in dissipation with sub-100 nm resolution. A normal MFM image and a magnetic dissipation image can be acquired simultaneously on the same area of a sample.
A theory was developed which correlates the dissipation with micromagnetic structures in domain walls. We consider the energy dissipation through coherent generation of phonons via magnetostriction induced by domain wall width oscillations. A quantitative agreement of theory with experiments for a 110 nm thick Co/Ni multi-layer and a 4 nm thick Co film samples was obtained. This theory predicts two new phenomena: a minimum drive force needed to cause wall width oscillations and wall width resonances.
With the above mentioned microscope, magnetic domain structure, micromagnetic domain wall structure and the associated dissipation have been studied on several samples, including a 30 nm thick Ni80Fe20 patterned into 20 mum squares and a CoPtCr recording medium. The dissipation results show strong correlations with magnetic domain structure. In the Ni80 Fe20 sample, the dissipation signal shows pronounced maxima correlated with the domain wall positions. We suggest magnetoelastic losses and eddy current losses due to wall jumps are the origins of the dissipation. With an in-situ magnetizing stage, we also studied magnetization reversal processes and dissipation hysteresis in the Ni80Fe20 sample. Besides the nucleation and growth of reverse domains, the formation of a 360º wall was observed. The CoPtCr sample shows different dissipation properties with both larger and smaller than average dissipation value observed in the transition regions.
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