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Venel, Florian. "Stabilité en présence d’eau des matériaux hybrides microporeux de type Metal-Organic Frameworks : apport de la RMN des solides". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR036.
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) are porous crystallized hybrid materials built from inorganic clusters linked together by organic ligands. The structure of these compounds offers a high porosity and high specific surface areas (up to several thousands of m²/g). But their use at the industrial level is still underdeveloped, most probably because of a lack of knowledge of their reactivity towards water. Different techniques were used to study the structural modifications than can occur when the MOF is in presence of steam water: X-ray diffraction, infrared, porosity measurement (BET) or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The influences of the length of the ligand in the UiO-67-NH2(Zr) as well as the presence of hydrophilic group in the UiO-67-(NH2)2(Zr) were studied. The stability to steam water of some compounds from the family UiO(Zr) is high especially at 200 °C. Even though a partial destruction at low temperature (80°C) is observed. In addition, various 17O enrichments of UiO-66(Zr) were tested allowing the recording of 17O NMR spectra: enrichment of the ligand by mechanosynthesis, and / or the MOF in presence of enriched water. These different techniques have made it possible to better understand the reactivity of the various 17O sites, and to highlight a certain lability of Zr-O bonds. Finally, with advanced NMR techniques (low temperature and WURST-QCPMG sequence) it was possible to characterize the UiO(Zr) compounds through the study of the zirconium-91 isotope. Slight structural modifications of the metallic cluster were then observed. Finally, pioneering work on processing for thin films of MOF has been initiated. This should allow us to develop new applications in the field of microelectronics in particular by functionalizing the substrate
Abeykoon, Brian. "Conception, synthèse et caractérisations de MOFs à base de porphyrines". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1259/document.
Porphyrins are important macrocyclic compounds which are prevalent in nature and have been extensively studied by chemists in homogeneous catalysis as enzyme mimics. Incorporating porphyrins in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer an ideal opportunity to obtain material with extended frameworks possessing the same properties as the homogenous systems. Much work has been done on porphyrinic MOFs but their stability remains a problem and a major limitation for possible wide scale applications. In literature, more stable MOFs have been realised using high valent metal ions in the inorganic building unit (such as Fe3+, Al3+, Zr4+) and/or by using more basic functionalities in the organic linker. However, regarding porphyrinic MOFs, little work is reported with ligands based on functionalities other than carboxylic acid groups. Therefore, our work focused on investigating the reactivity of porphyrinic ligands carrying various functionalities with high valent metal ions. More precisely, we focused on the design, synthesis optimisation and characterisation of such materials. This included studying existing stable carboxylate porphyrinic frameworks with a goal of incorporating new functionalities, which led to new variations of these materials. Our work also demonstrated that the framework topologies observed with carboxylate based porphyrinic ligand can be expanded to other functionalities with the synthesis of a new tetrazolate based porphyrinic MOF. MOF synthesis was also investigated with phenolate functionalised ligands and resulted in the first gallate based porphyrinic MOF reported. The stability of this new material was assessed. This manuscript discusses the synthesis and the characterisation of these MOFs via a combination of experimental techniques (X-ray diffraction, TGA analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy, IR-spectroscopy, sorption studies etc.). The preliminary evaluation of the catalytic activity of some of the MOFs is also described
Giovine, Raynald. "Utilisation de méthodes avancées en RMN des solides pour la caractérisation de matériaux de type Metal-Organic Framework : étude de transformations structurales et des effets de la vapeur d’eau". Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R045/document.
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) are hybrids porous crystalline materials of high interest due to their interesting properties. However, their use in industrial processes is rather low when compared to other porous materials and can be explained by the lower thermal and chemical stabilities of MOF. Such structural modifications can be probed by different technics such as powder X ray diffraction, porosity measurement or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. In this thesis, advanced solid-state NMR experiments were used (MQMAS, D HMQC and SFAM RESPDOR) to characterized these transformations. These experiments were used to highlight scandium coordination changes e.g. in MIL-100(Sc) (supported by ab-initio calculation of NMR parameters) or to measure variations of internuclear distances (MIL-100(Sc) and MIL 53(Al)). Trapped terephthalic acid were localized by these measurements in MIL 53(Al). Breathing effect of MIL 53(Al) and the dynamic of trapped xenon gas were investigated by 129Xe NMR as a function of temperature (1H→129Xe CPMAS, EXSY and selective inversion recovery). The evaluation of MOF stability when exposed to steam was initiated in this thesis with HKUST 1 Decomposition products formed by hydrolysis were identified by NMR and the stability of HKUST 1 treated under steam flow at 200 °C opens news outlooks for these materials. Besides these studies of structural transformations within MOF, the development of two new NMR experiments was done on: PRESTO-III and D R INEPT sequences. The D-R-INEPT sequence appears to be the most promising scheme especially for DNP-NMR application
Monteil, Aurelie. "Étude par simulation moléculaire de la flexibilité des matériaux nanoporeux : propriétés structurales, mécaniques et thermodynamiques". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066229/document.
The topic of this thesis is the thermodynamical, mechanical and adsorptive behavior of Soft Porous Crystals (SPCs). Porous metal-organic frameworks (MOF) are a novel class of crystalline materials with promising industrial applications such as gas adsorption and separation processes. The Soft Porous Crystals feature dynamic frameworks displaying reversible structural deformations of large amplitude in response to external physical constraints such as temperature, mechanical pressure or gas adsorption. I have developed a new methodology based on classical and quantum calculations in order to study these flexible metal-organic frameworks. I first studied the mechanical properties of different SPCs in order to link the local elastic behaviour of these materials and the structural flexibility. These results shed light onto the microscopic origin of stimuli-induced structural transitions in flexible MOFs, showing that the framework flexibility and existence of structural transition are clearly visible in their local elastic propertiesThen, I looked the mechanical stability of hybrid organic-inorganic frameworks under mechanical pressure and gas adsorption. In particular, I studied the pressure-induced amorphization of ZIF-8 and the polymorphism phenomenon induced by fluid intrusion. Finally, I was interested in the impact of geometry and functionalization on water adsorption properties of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). I demonstrated how topology, geometry, and linker functionalization drastically affect the water adsorption properties of these materials, tweaking the ZIF materials from hydrophobic to hydrophilic
Giovine, Raynald. "Utilisation de méthodes avancées en RMN des solides pour la caractérisation de matériaux de type Metal-Organic Framework : étude de transformations structurales et des effets de la vapeur d’eau". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR045.
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOF) are hybrids porous crystalline materials of high interest due to their interesting properties. However, their use in industrial processes is rather low when compared to other porous materials and can be explained by the lower thermal and chemical stabilities of MOF. Such structural modifications can be probed by different technics such as powder X ray diffraction, porosity measurement or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. In this thesis, advanced solid-state NMR experiments were used (MQMAS, D HMQC and SFAM RESPDOR) to characterized these transformations. These experiments were used to highlight scandium coordination changes e.g. in MIL-100(Sc) (supported by ab-initio calculation of NMR parameters) or to measure variations of internuclear distances (MIL-100(Sc) and MIL 53(Al)). Trapped terephthalic acid were localized by these measurements in MIL 53(Al). Breathing effect of MIL 53(Al) and the dynamic of trapped xenon gas were investigated by 129Xe NMR as a function of temperature (1H→129Xe CPMAS, EXSY and selective inversion recovery). The evaluation of MOF stability when exposed to steam was initiated in this thesis with HKUST 1 Decomposition products formed by hydrolysis were identified by NMR and the stability of HKUST 1 treated under steam flow at 200 °C opens news outlooks for these materials. Besides these studies of structural transformations within MOF, the development of two new NMR experiments was done on: PRESTO-III and D R INEPT sequences. The D-R-INEPT sequence appears to be the most promising scheme especially for DNP-NMR application
Juvenal, Frank. "Polymères de coordination luminescents 1D et 2D avec des ligands rigides contenant du Pt(II) montrants des propriétés d’adsorption du CO2". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10578.
Abstract: The design of new functional materials has a long history. For the past two decades, the field of organic and inorganic polymers has attracted attention of researchers. More importantly, porous materials such as Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs), Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) as well as porous coordination polymers are now being intensively studied due to their potential applications including gas storage, gas separations, catalyst and sensing. On another hand, Pt-containing polymers have shown potential applications in solar cells and light emitting diodes. The masters’ thesis is mainly divided into three main sections presenting new results. In the first section; Chapter 2 mainly discusses the formation of coordination polymers with CuX salts (X= Cl, Br, I) and trans-[p-MeSC6H4C≡C-Pt(PMe3)2-C≡CC6H4SMe] (L1), in either PrCN or PhCN. The resulting polymers obtained were 2D (bidimensional) CPs or 1D (unidimensional) CPs in all cases. However, 2D CPs obtained when CuBr salt is used by either using PrCN or PhCN did not incorporate the solvents in their cavities. On the other hand, the 2D CP and the rest of 1D CPs obtained had either the crystallization molecules in the cavities or coordinated to the copper cluster. The copper-halide clusters were either the rhomboids Cu2X2 fragments or the step cubane Cu4I4. The photophysical measurements in the presence and absence of solvent crystallization molecules were performed. In addition, the porosity of the CPs was evaluated by adsorption isotherms. The vapochromism of the solvent-free 2D and 1D CPs were investigated as well as CO2 sorption measurements were perfomed. Furthermore, we then attempted to use CuCN and L1 in MeCN which is reported in the second section as Chapter 3. The obtained CP was unexpected as L1 broke and a cyanide (CN‾) ion coordinated to the Pt atom leading to the formation of zigzag 1D CP. The coordination bonds Cu-S or/and Cu([eta]2-C≡C) were generally observed with L1, but not in the CuCN case. Instead a 1D chain of (CuCN)n was made and the broken L1 now binds the chain via a Cu-N bond. The photophysical and thermal stability properties were studied. Lastly, the third section, Chapter 4 deals with a potential predictability of CP formation by using CuX salts (X= Cl, Br, I) and either trans-[p-MeSC6H4C≡C-Pt(PMe3)2-C≡CC6H4SMe] (L1) or trans-[p-MeSC6H4C≡C-Pt(PEt3)2-C≡CC6H4SMe] (L2) in MeCN as the solvent. The use of L1 resulted in either 2D or 1D CPs with the MeCN trapped inside of the cavities while L2 resulted in 1D CPs without MeCN being present in their cavities. The thermogravimetric, photophysical as well as gas sorption measurements (only for those with crystalisation molecules) were perfomed.
Schejn, Aleksandra Maria. "Synthesis and catalytic activity of ZIF-8 and doped-ZIF-8 crystals : stability and cytotoxicity evaluation". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0212/document.
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained considerable attention as heterogeneous catalytic systems and also have been studied in the area of separation, gas storage, controlled release or as drug delivery systems. According to their complex structure formed by metal centers coordinated with polydentate linkers, MOFs expose abundance of Lewis and/or Brönsted acid-base sites that are crucial for the materials catalytic activity and selectivity towards specific reactions. Moreover, these materials have many other attractive properties, including a large surface area, a low density and a high porosity. In this work, we focused on the zeolithic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) material – a MOF exhibiting high porosity and stability and which can also be used as a template for further functionalization and modification. Firstly, we focused on the preparation of ZIF-8 crystals and ZIF-8 heterostructures with properties adapted to the desired application, and then shaping of the catalyst to obtain the best form of material for industrial scale-up utilization. By varying Zn2+ precursors used for the synthesis, we demonstrated that the properties (size, porosity,…) of ZIF-8 crystals can be controlled and tuned depending on the applications. These ZIF-8 crystals were successfully applied as heterogeneous catalysts in Knoevenagel and Friedländer reactions. Next, we developed protocols for the synthesis of Cu2+-doped ZIF-8 crystals. The use of these crystals could be extended to Cu-mediated reactions, like the Combes condensation and the Huisgen cycloaddition. We evaluated recyclability and we showed that the nanomaterials could be reused up to ten times without any loss of catalytic activity. Moreover, we functionalized ZIF-8 crystals with magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The hybrid Fe3O4@ZIF-8 heterostructures could be easily recovered by magnetic separation after catalytic experiments. To show multiple benefits originating from the ZIF-8 structure and properties, we also used this material for the conversion of CO2 into cyclic carbonates using a Parr reactor. As the reaction could be scale-up at the industrial level, we shaped the powder in the form of pellets and use it under the same conditions. In the last chapter, we evaluated the toxicity and the stability in biological media of ZIF-8, Cu- and Fe-doped ZIF-8 particles using A549 alveolar cells, IHK skin cells as models and in vitro ingestion under fed conditions. These models were chosen according to the most probable first contact entering gates for nanoparticles inside human body, skin, lungs and digestive tract. Outcomes from these preliminary studies motivated us to conduct extended stability tests of the particles in different media. We showed that the particles are altered by pH changes and medium complexity