Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Metal flames”
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Altman, Igor, i n/a. "Peculiarities of Nanoparticle Formation and Implications to Generation of Environmental Aerosols". Griffith University. School of Environmental Engineering, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20051111.122816.
Pełny tekst źródłaAltman, Igor. "Peculiarities of Nanoparticle Formation and Implications to Generation of Environmental Aerosols". Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366347.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental Engineering
Full Text
Burns, Iain Stewart. "A sensor for combustion thermometry based on blue diode lasers". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244070.
Pełny tekst źródłaSoga, Benedictus Hope. "Regeneration of heavy metal contaminated soil leachate with chitosan flakes". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33844.
Pełny tekst źródłaChitosan, a derivative of chitin is a versatile biopolymer with metal uptake capabilities. Due to the large amounts of chitosan required to treat heavily contaminated leachates, magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) metals granules were evaluated for stripping the heavy metals from solution before the use of chitosan at optimized conditions to effectively polish the soil washing. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Gad, A. M. M. "Metal chelates as flame retardants and photostabilisers for some vinyl polymers". Thesis, City University London, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356010.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeicht, Philipp [Verfasser]. "Local electronic properties of graphene flakes on noble metal surfaces / Philipp Leicht". Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/109726954X/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaKosuri, Divya D'Souza Nandika Anne. "Polyethylene-layered double hydroxides and montmorillonite nanocomposites thermal, mechanical and flame retardance properties /". [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6087.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarth, Dominic. "Modelling and control of combustion in a high velocity air flame (HVAF) thermal spraying process". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1266.
Pełny tekst źródłaHenry, John F. "Rekindling the flame a journey through pastoral depression /". Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarnes, Otho. "LEACHING POTENTIAL OF METALS AND BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS IN OBSOLETE NOTEBOOK COMPUTERS". MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06242009-160001/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuffield, M. E. "Novel metal-metal oxide thick film heating elements produced by dual-stage flame spray processing of a gas atomised Ni-Cr-Fe alloy". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3008760/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDemirtas, Ilknur. "Lead Determination By Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Using A Slotted Quartz Tube Atom Trap And Metal Coatings". Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610794/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłabecause it is a simple and economical technique for determination of metals. In recent years atom traps have been developed to increase the sensitivity of FAAS. Although the detection limit of FAAS is only at the level of mg/L, with the use of atom traps it can reach to ng/mL. Slotted quartz tube (SQT) is one of these atom traps, it is applied for determination of volatile elements
it is economical, commercially available and easy to use. In this study, a sensitive analytical method has been developed for the determination of lead with the help of SQT. Regarding the angle between the two slots of SQT, 120°
and 180°
configurations were used and the results were compared. There were three modes of SQT used. The first application was for providing longer residence time of analyte atoms in the measurement zone
3 fold sensitivity enhancement was observed. The second mode was the usage of SQT for preconcentration of lead atoms. In the presence of a lean air-acetylene flame, analyte atoms were trapped in the inner surface of SQT for a few minutes. Then, by the help of a small volume (10-50 &
#956
L) of Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), analyte atoms were revolatilized and a rapid atomization took place. Using this mode, a sensitivity enhancement of 574 was obtained at a rather low (3.9 mL/min) suction rate
1320 fold improvement was reached at higher sample suction rate (7.4 mL/min) for 5.0 min collection. The last mode involves coating of the inner surface of SQT with several kinds of transition metals. The best sensitivity enhancement, 1650 fold, was obtained by the Ta coated SQT. In addition, effects of some elements and anions on Pb signal in Tacoated-SQT-AT-FAAS were examined. Final step consists of surface analysis
chemical nature of Pb trapped on quartz and Ta surface, and the chemical nature of Ta on quartz surface were investigated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman Spectroscopy.
Osmanbasoglu, Mahmut. "Tellurium Determination By Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Using A Slotted Quartz Tube Atom Trap And Metal Coatings". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613029/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaL) of organic solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is introduced to the flame for revolatilization and a rapid atomization of Te on the surface is provided. In this trapping method, for 5 minutes collection with a 6 mL/min suction rate, 143 fold enhancement for Te (VI) and 142 fold enhancement for Te (IV) were obtained. In the third module, different from the second one, the inner surface of the SQT is coated with different metals for increasing the amount of Te trapped on the surface and the best enhancement for tellurium is obtained with Tantalum-coated SQT with 252 fold enhancement for Te (VI) and 246 fold enhancements for Te (IV). All improvements are calculated according to the signals obtained in FAAS method. Separate calibration plots were used for Te (IV) and Te (VI).
Vaccaro, Danilo. "Experimental determination of burning velocity in metal dust explosions". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaInturi, Siva Nagi Reddy. "Nano-Catalyst Synthesized by Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) for Visible Light Photocatalysis". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1511884949728835.
Pełny tekst źródłaSharma, Akhil. "Flange stability bracing behavior in metal building frame systems". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39485.
Pełny tekst źródłaKoirala, Rajesh. "Synthesis of Highly Durable and High Performing Various Metal-Doped CaO-based Nano-sorbents to Capture CO2 at High Temperatures". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1329936056.
Pełny tekst źródłaOzcan, Gurbetoglu Pelin Gulistan. "Determination Of Cadmium Using Slotted Quartz Tube Atom Trap Atomic Absorption Spectrometry And Metal Coatings". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612212/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłazcan Gurbetoglu, G. Pelin M.S., Department of Chemistry Supervisor: Prof. Dr. O. Yavuz Ataman July 2010, 76 pages Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) is a common technique for detecting metals and metalloids in environmental, biological and metallurgical samples. Although it is a rather old technique, it is still very reliable, simple to use and inexpensive. The technique can be used to determine the concentration of over 70 different metals in a solution. However, it has detection limits at mg/L levels. Some atom trapping methods have been developed to reach the detection limits of ng/mL levels. Slotted quartz tube (SQT) is one of these atom trapping methods. It is an important technique, since it is easy to use, applicable in all laboratories, commercially available and economical. This thesis consists of development of a sensitive method for cadmium with the help of SQT atom trap. In this study, it was used for two different purposes. One was for keeping the analyte atoms more in the light path
in other words, for increasing the residence times of analyte atoms in the measurement zone. This first application was provided a 2.9 times enhancement with respect to conventional FAAS. Second application was for trapping the analyte on the surface of the SQT, in other words, for performing on-line preconcentration of cadmium in SQT. In the presence of a lean flame, analyte samples were trapped and collected for a few minutes at a low suction rate. After finishing the collection period, analyte atoms were revolatilized with the help of a small volume of (10-50 µ
L) methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and a rapid atomization occurred. This introduction also altered the flame composition momentarily and analyte atoms were released from the surface of the SQT. Application of this method enhanced the sensitivity 2065 times with respect to conventional FAAS. Another approach to this type of atom trapping has been investigated also in this study, which was coating of SQT with some metals having low volatility. Therefore, some transition metals were coated to the surface of SQT and among them zirconium was selected as the best coating material as having the most sensitivity enhancement factor. That is why, rest of the study was performed with the Zr coated SQT. The enhancement was 3368 as compared with FAAS. Cd determination with this method provides LOD value of 8 pg/mL and Co value of 19 pg/mL. In order to see the effect of some other type of elements or ions on determination of cadmium, interference study was done.
Dotse, Charles Kafui. "Assessing Commercial Organic and Conventionally Grown Vegetables by Monitoring Selected Heavy Metals Found in Them". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1715.
Pełny tekst źródłaEdwards, Paula Kay. "The Correlation of the Concentration of Selected Metals Determined in Water and Fish Samples from a Public Pond". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1774.
Pełny tekst źródłaLaštovica, Petr. "Vytváření tažených lemů na plechu z vysokopevnostni oceli". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231215.
Pełny tekst źródłaMohadi, Risfidian [Verfasser], i Jose A. C. [Akademischer Betreuer] Broekaert. "Determination of heavy metals in natural waters and sediments by high resolution-continuum source flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry / Risfidian Mohadi. Betreuer: Jose. A.C. Broekaert". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027574270/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoelho, Sónia Dias. "Human exposure pathways to environmental contaminants". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17787.
Pełny tekst źródłaOs humanos estão permanentemente expostos a vários contaminantes ambientais que têm sido produzidos pela indústria química ao longo das últimas décadas. Para além do contacto direto com produtos onde estes contaminantes são aplicados, a exposição ocorre principalmente porque estes químicos se libertam destes materiais e acumulam-se no ambiente, tornando-se desta forma disponíveis para serem consumidos involuntariamente pelos humanos. Durante muito tempo a alimentação foi considerada como a principal via da exposição dos humanos a diversas classes de contaminantes, incluindo os poluentes orgânicos persistentes (POPs) e metais tóxicos. No entanto, a exposição através do pó em ambientes interiores surgiu como uma importante via de exposição, principalmente porque estes contaminantes se acumulam no pó e devido ao facto das pessoas passarem grande parte do seu tempo em ambientes interiores. Na presente tese, foi estudada a presença de várias classes de contaminantes ambientais em amostras de duplicados de dieta e amostras de pó doméstico, de forma a caracterizar a exposição dos humanos através da ingestão de alimentos e pó doméstico em Portugal, e a avaliar os riscos associados a esta exposição. Os contaminantes estudados incluem: retardantes de chama bromados (BFRs); retardantes de chama fosforados (PFRs); bifenilos policlorados (PCBs); pesticidas organoclorados (OCs); e os metais tóxicos chumbo (Pb) e cádmio (Cd). Os níveis de BFRs, PCBs, OCs, Pb e Cd foram determinados em amostras de duplicados de dieta fornecidas por voluntários da comunidade académica da Universidade de Aveiro. No que diz respeito aos compostos orgânicos, as concentrações obtidas foram baixas. Os BFRs foram detetados em poucas amostras de dieta, sendo que o mais detetado foi o congénere BDE 209 (67%), enquanto os BFRs emergentes – 1,2-bis (2,4,6-tribromofenoxi) etano (BTBPE), decabromodifenill etano (DBDPE) – não foram detetados. Os PCBs e os OCs apresentaram as concentrações mais elevadas e foram detetados na maioria das amostras de duplicados de dieta analisadas, sendo que os diclorodifeniltricloroetanos (DDTs) e os hexaclorociclohexanos (HCHs) foram detetados em 100% das amostras. Os valores estimados das ingestões diárias foram baixos e abaixo dos valores de referência estabelecidos para a avaliação de risco em humanos. O Pb foi detetado em todas as amostras de duplicado de dieta e o seu consumo através da ingestão de alimentos foi associado a efeitos adversos para a saúde. Para 33% dos participantes a ingestão diária estimada (EDI) foi superior à dose de referência (bench mark dose level – BMDL) associada à doença renal crónica, e para um dos participantes a EDI foi 50% mais elevado do que a BMDL associada à pressão arterial sistólica elevada. A abordagem da margem de exposição (MOE - margin of exposure) foi aplicada e indicou que em pelo menos 3,3 e 26,7% dos participantes poderão surgir efeitos cardiovasculares e nefrotóxicos, respetivamente. As concentrações de Cd foram avaliadas em amostras de duplicados de dieta fornecidas por mulheres a trabalhar ou a estudar na Universidade de Aveiro. Este metal foi também detetado em todas as amostras analisadas e 35% das participantes apresentaram ingestões semanais estimadas (EWIs) mais elevadas do que a dose semanal tolerável estabelecida, sugerindo riscos de saúde elevados. No geral, os resultados obtidos através das análises feitas em amostra de duplicados de dieta demonstraram que a ingestão de alimentos é uma importante via de exposição aos contaminantes ambientais estudados. Os níveis de PFRs, BFRs and PCBs foram monitorizados em amostras de pó doméstico de casas de Aveiro e Coimbra. Estes compostos e os seus respetivos congéneres/isómeros foram detetados num grande número de amostras, sendo que os PFRs apresentaram as concentrações mais elevadas, seguidos dos BFRs e PCBs. Apesar das frequências de deteção elevadas, os EDIs foram inferiores às doses de referência (RfDs) estabelecidas. Os BFRs, PCBs, OCs foram também analisados em amostras de pó doméstico da Covilhã. Neste estudo, as amostras de pó foram recolhidas em casas de voluntários com asma e em casa de participantes sem asma. Os congéneres/isómeros dos contaminantes avaliados foram detetados na maioria das amostras, e o grupo de BFRs apresentou as concentrações mais altas, seguido de PCBs e DDTs. No entanto, para todos os contaminantes, as ingestões diárias foram inferiores às RfDs. Estes resultados confirmam que os PFRs, BFRs, PCBs e OCs estão omnipresentes nas casas Portuguesas, no entanto, o consumo diário dos contaminantes orgânicos através da ingestão de pó doméstico é baixo. Os resultados obtidos no âmbito desta tese permitiram descrever, pela primeira vez em Portugal, os níveis dos contaminantes selecionados em amostras de duplicados de dieta e pó doméstico. Estes resultados revelaram que o risco associado à ingestão de contaminantes orgânicos através da alimentação e do pó doméstico foram baixos, ao contrário do elevado risco associado à ingestão de Pb e Cd presentes nos alimentos.
Humans are permanently exposed to environmental contaminants which have been produced for decades and with numerous applications. Besides the direct contact with the consumer products in which these contaminants are applied, the exposure occurs mainly because these chemicals are released from those materials and accumulate in the environment being available for involuntary consumption. For a long time, diet has been considered the major human exposure route for several contaminants, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and toxic metals. However, the indoor exposure through dust emerged as important exposure route, mainly motivated by the fact that these contaminants accumulate in dust and because people in modern society spend much of their time indoors. In this thesis, several classes of environmental contaminants were analysed in duplicate diet samples and house dust in order to characterize the human exposure through the ingestion of food and the ingestion of house dust in Portugal and to access the associated risks. The contaminants studied include: brominated flame retardants (BFRs), phosphorus flame retardants (PFRs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCs), and also the toxic metals lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). The levels of BFRs, PCBs, OCs, Pb and Cd were assessed in duplicate diet samples obtained from volunteers from the University of Aveiro community. Regarding the organic compounds the obtained levels were low. BFRs were detected in few duplicate diet samples, with the congener BDE 209 exhibiting the higher detection frequency (67%) while the emerging BFRs – 1,2-bis (2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) – were not detected. PCBs and OCs exhibited higher levels and were detected in most analysed duplicate diet samples, with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) being detected in 100% of the samples. The daily dietary intakes were estimated, being low and under the established guidance values for human risk assessment. Pb was detected in all duplicate diet samples and its dietary ingestion was associated with adverse health effects. For 33% of the participants, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) were higher than the dietary intakes related to the bench mark dose level (BMDL) derived from chronic kidney disease, and for one participant the EDI was 50% higher than the BMDL derived from elevated systolic blood pressure. The margin of exposure approach (MOE) was applied and indicated that cardiovascular and nephrotoxic effects might likely occur in at least 3.3 and 26.7% of the participants, respectively. The concentrations of Cd were assessed in duplicate diet samples provided by women working or studying in University of Aveiro. This metal was also detected in all analysed samples and 35% of the participants exhibited estimated weekly intakes (EWIs) higher than the established tolerable weekly intake (TWI), suggesting increased health risks. Overall the results from the duplicate diet study demonstrate that the ingestion of food is an important pathway of exposure to these environmental contaminants. PFRs, BFRs and PCBs were monitored in house dust samples from two cities in central Portugal (Aveiro and Coimbra). These compounds and respective congeners/isomers were detected in a large number of samples, with PFRs exhibiting the highest concentrations followed by BFRs and PCBs. Despite their high detection frequencies, the EDIs were much lower than the established reference doses (RfDs). BFRs, PCBs and OCs were also analysed in house dust samples from Covilhã, Portugal. In this study, dust samples were collected from the houses of asthmatics and non-asthmatics participants. The contaminants congeners/isomers were detected in the majority of the dust samples, and the group of BFRs exhibited the higher concentrations, followed by PCBs and DDTs, however, the daily intakes were lower than the RfDs for all contaminants. These results confirm that PFRs, BFRs, PCBs and OCs are ubiquitously present in Portuguese households, however the daily intakes of these organic contaminants through house dust ingestion is low. The results obtained under the framework of this thesis allowed describing for the first time in Portugal the levels of the selected contaminants in duplicate diet samples and in house dust samples. The results disclosed that the risk associated with the ingestion of the organic contaminants through diet and house dust was low, which contrasts with the risk associated with the ingestion of Pb and Cd through diet.
Olofsson, Ulrika. "Removal processes in sewage treatment plants : Sludge quality and treatment efficiency of structurally diverse organic compounds". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-51315.
Pełny tekst źródłaFERREIRA, Bruna Cáritas Souza do Valle. "Uso de hidrolisado proteico de peixe e floco microbiano em substituição a farinha de peixe na alimentação de pós-larvas do camarão marinho Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931)". Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2013. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6243.
Pełny tekst źródłaMade available in DSpace on 2017-02-08T14:40:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna Caritas Souza do Valle Ferreira.pdf: 835355 bytes, checksum: 19a5bc565f7b7a225d1406626b6c919e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-18
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing fishmeal for hydrolysate fish protein (HFP) and biofloc flour (BF) in diet of marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae (2mg). The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing fishmeal for hydrolyzed fish protein (HFP) and biofloc flour (BF) in Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae. The HFP used in the diets formulation were produced from fish industry waste and the biofloc used for BF production was obtained in cultivation tanks of a commercial shrimp farm. Feed for this phase was designed to be isoenergetic and isoproteic. This experiment consisted of six treatments with three replicates each, corresponding to the control treatment T0, using fish meal as the main protein source. The other treatments (T10, T20, T30, T40) were a gradual replacement of fishmeal by HFP and BF in the proportions of 10, 20, 30 and 40% respectively. In the experiment a commercial feed was used as external control. It was a 42 days assay. Shrimp survival was above 99% in all treatments. After statistical analysis to zootechnical parameters (final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate) shrimps fed with formulated diets had better results than the ones fed with commercial feed. Tested parameters had ideal points indicated by regression in levels ranging between 15 and 16% of fishmeal replacement by HFP and associated BF. In the present study we inferred that BF and HFP are potential ingredients to replace fish meal in diets for L. vannamei postlarvae.
A presente dissertação teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da substituição da farinha de peixe por hidrolisado proteico de peixe (HPP) e farinha de biofloco (FB) na alimentação de pós-larvas (2mg) do marinho camarão Litopenaeus vannamei. O HPP utilizado na elaboração das rações foi produzido a partir de resíduos de uma indústria de pescado. O biofloco para a produção da farinha foi obtido em tanques de cultivo de uma carcinicultura comercial. As rações para esta fase foram elaboradas para serem isoproteicas e isoenergéticas. Este experimento consistiu de seis tratamentos com três repetições cada, correspondendo ao tratamento controle o T0, utilizando a farinha de peixe como principal fonte proteica, e os demais tratamentos com substituição gradual da farinha de peixe por HPP e FB nas proporções de 10, 20, 30 e 40% correspondendo aos tratamentos T10, T20, T30 e T40 respectivamente. No experimento foi utilizado um tratamento com ração comercial que serviu como controle externo. Este ensaio teve duração de 42 dias. A sobrevivência dos camarões cultivados ficou acima de 99% em todos os tratamentos. As respostas estatísticas para os parâmetros de desempenho zootécnico (peso final, ganho de peso, taxa de crescimento específico) indicaram melhores resultados para os camarões alimentados com as rações formuladas quando comparados com os camarões alimentados com ração comercial. Os parâmetros testados tiveram seus pontos ideais indicados pela regressão, em níveis que variaram entre 15 e 16% de substituição da farinha de peixe por HPP e FB associados. Os resultados encontrados neste experimento indicaram o potencial dos ingredientes testados na substituição da farinha de peixe em rações para L. vannamei.
Yu-Hui, Wu. "Low Pressure Flat Flame Synthesis of Nanostructured Metal Oxides Particles". 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0009-0112200611322795.
Pełny tekst źródłaWu, Yu-Hui, i 吳昱輝. "Low Pressure Flat Flame Synthesis of Nanostructured Metal Oxides Particles". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60484855407196096079.
Pełny tekst źródła元智大學
化學工程學系
93
The objectives of this study are two-folds: (1) develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for a low-pressure flat flame reactor and (2) the synthesis of nanostructured metal oxides particles using the low-pressure flat flame technique. A 2-dimensional CFD model was developed using the commercial CFD package FLUENT with the aim to assist in the investigation of flow behaviors and temperature distribution inside the reactor system. Parameters to be investigated in numerical experiments include fuel gas flow rate, chamber pressure, and boundary condition applied. Flame characteristics as well as temperature distribution will be studied. To validate the model, experimental measurement of flame temperature profiles at different combustion conditions (excess CH4, complete combustion, and excess O2) and operating pressures were performed. It was found that fuel/gas flow rate, combustion condition, and operating pressure influence the characteristics of the synthesized powders significantly. The average flame temperature was found to follow the relation: excess CH4>complete combustion>excess O2 at all three pressure conditions. At the same combustion condition, the highest achievable flame temperature occurs at 50 torr. FE-SEM and TEM results showed that most particles are with sizes in micrometer to submicrometer size range and that majority of particles obtained were spherical except for iron oxide and magnesium oxide.
Pattee, Heidi Ann. "Temperature measurement, electrical characteristics, and lorentz mixing of alkali seeded flames". Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36054.
Pełny tekst źródłaGraduation date: 1992
Lian-Haw, Yu, i 于連浩. "The experimental study of droplets impinging on the metal surface and flame". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87657400216274607955.
Pełny tekst źródła中正理工學院
兵器系統工程研究所
88
The objective of the study is to observe phenomenon of impacted metal surface and fire suppression and fire extinguishment by droplet impingement. The first part is to observe phenomenon of impacted metal surface by droplet impingement. The objective of the present work is systematically to study the effects of flow property and surface characteristic on the fluid dynamic by employing the high-speed CCD camera techniques and experimental measurements. The experimental work is unique in that the droplet impact factor is systematically rated in different non-dimensional numbers and parameters such as Reynolds number, Weber number. The parameter study includes the effects of the Reynolds number, Weber number, surface material (thermal diffusivity) and temperature. The dynamic behavior of droplet impingement will be mainly characterized by the splash, spread, rebound. The second objective of the study is to investigate the phenomenon of fire suppression of a kerosene lamp by water droplet impinging on the flame. The macro- and micro-photographic was used in this experimental work to obtain quantitative data. The main part of the experimental setup is the CCD camera assembled with micro- or macro-photographic. A monodisperse water droplet generator was used to generate a droplet stream. The stream was used to extinguishing the flame. The concerned parameters were flow rate, droplet size and flame size etc. The results show that the suppression of a flame without touching the lamp core could be related to the droplet size, frequency and velocity, which could cool down the flame and interfere in the structure of the flame.
D'Esposito, Cassandra. "Investigating local growth conditions in the flame synthesis of metal-oxide nanostructures". 2009. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051802.
Pełny tekst źródłaSHYUE, SHIO LEU, i 呂學修. "Application Of Phosphorus And Metal Containing Oligomers As Flame/Smoke Suppressants In Polymer". Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64566888996058252639.
Pełny tekst źródła文化大學
應用化學系
85
ABSTRACTThe influence of phosphorus and metal containing oligomers (P-Zn oligomer ,P-Caoligomer and P-Co oligomer) on smoke formation and flammability of variouspolymers (PVC.EPDM. Epoxy) has been studied in this work. The incorporation ofP-Zn oligomer into the PVC leads to a significant decrease of smoke evolution,but has little improvement on the fire-resistance. On the contrary, addition ofP-Ca oligomer or P-Co oligomer to PVC results in an increase of smoke evolutionalthough the OI value remains constant.Thermogravimetric studies indicate thatP-Zn oligomer exhibits a high thermal stability and gives a limited weight lossup to 800oC. The ineffectiveness of P-Zn oligmer to act as a flame retardant forPVC.EPDM. Epoxy was attributed to its' usually thermal stability. As a smokesuppressant, P-Zn oligomer shows an maximum smoke reduction at 5 phr additiveconcention in PVC formulation.
Labuschagne, F. J. W. J. (Frederick Johannes Willem Jacobus). "Metal catalysed Intumescence of Polyhydroxyl compounds". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23963.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis (PhD(Chemical Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Chemical Engineering
unrestricted
Chia, J. Z., i 蔡宗任. "Flame Retardant Chelated with Heavy Metals as Smoke-Suppressing and Additives for Plastics". Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41624745696960781747.
Pełny tekst źródłaYen, Ynh-Yue, i 顏銀昱. "Synergistic Effect of Nanoclay and Metal Hydroxide on Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of EVA and EPDM Composites". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65g9t4.
Pełny tekst źródła國立臺北科技大學
工程科技研究所
101
This study focused on the flame retardancy of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) and in combination with metal hydroxide and nanoclay. Fire tests, such as limiting oxygen index (LOI), flammability (UL-94), cone calorimeter, and smoke density chamber were employed to evaluate the effect of composition variation for the metal hydroxide and the nanoclay in EVA composites and EPDM composites. The experimental results showed that when the nanoclay of 1wt% or 2wt% was substituted for aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide in EVA blends, the LOI value was significantly improved while the V-0 rating was maintained, and when the nanoclay of 2wt% or 3wt% was substituted for the aluminum hydroxide in EPDM blends, the LOI value was a little improved but while the V-0 rating was maintained. The data obtained from the cone calorimeter test indicated that the peak heat release rate (pk-HRR) of EVA/metal hydroxide composites was reduced by about 28% to 47%, and pk-HRR of EPDM/aluminum hydroxide composites was reduced by about 51% to 65%. The smoke density data (maximal smoke density, Dm) of EVA/metal hydroxide composites showed a reduction by about 16% to 25%. The Dm of EPDM/aluminum hydroxide composites was reduced by about 3% to 12%, The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data also showed that the nanoclay increased the thermal stability and char residue of the EVA and EPDM samples. Hence, it is suggested that the metal oxide layer on the burning surface is reinforced by the formation of silicate layer, which is both structured and compacted and acts as the insulation, and the newly formed layer responds to the synergistic effect of flame retardancy as well as smoke suppression observed in the EVA and EPDM blends. The strength of EPDM/ATH/nanoclay composite was 2.0 times higher than that of EPDM composite. The elongation at break of EPDM/ATH/nanoclay composite increased 4%-12% as compared with EPDM/ATH composite, EVA/metal hydroxide/nanoclay composite exhibited better tensile strength and elongation at break than the corresponding EVA/metal hydroxide composite, and 2 wt% of the nanoclay inside the composite would cause the maximum of mechanical properties.
Prentice, Shaun M. L. "What extinguishes the flame? A meta-analytic investigation of correlates of burnout in medical trainees". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/129339.
Pełny tekst źródłaBackground: Burnout, a work-related psychological syndrome, is highly prevalent in medical trainees. Burnout is associated with deleterious outcomes for the individual practitioner; their colleagues, patients and workplace; and broader society. Designing burnout prevention and reduction interventions for this population is therefore critical. However, burnout research with medical trainees is characterised by different conceptualisations and operationalisations of this complex construct, producing inconsistent findings. Aims: To examine individual and work-related correlates of burnout, as defined by the Maslach Burnout Inventory, in medical trainees. Methods: Thirty-three studies, comprising a pooled sample of 7,229 trainees, were identified from a systematic search of the Embase, PsycInfo, Medline, ERIC and Cochrane Library databases. Study reporting quality was examined using the QualSyst tool and Pearson’s r correlations calculated, in addition to 95% confidence intervals, p-values, heterogeneity statistics and fail-safe Ns. These analyses used a random-effects model. Training level (intern, resident, registrar) and specialty (surgical, non-surgical) were examined as potential moderators. Results: Variables with the strongest relationships across burnout dimensions included poor mental health; conflict between individual and organisational values; low job reward; and high workloads. Subgroup analyses identified emotional intelligence, specialty satisfaction, and income satisfaction as significant correlates specifically for surgical registrars. Conclusions: Interventions targeting burnout in medical trainees should focus on a combination of individual (e.g. improving mental health) and work variables (e.g. reduced workload) for maximum benefits. Observed differences between surgical and non-surgical registrars require further examination, as they may compromise transferability of interventions.
Thesis (B.PsychSc(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 2018
Fan, Yu-Hsiang, i 范育湘. "Determination of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry: Microwave Acid Digestion versus Aqua Regia Extraction". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73075909545166128401.
Pełny tekst źródła國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
94
Closed-microwave method is employed in this study for digesting soil samples, and four heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) are analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). The purpose of the study is to investingate the feasibility of closed-microwave method instead of traditional aqua regia hotplate reflux method for heavy metal determination in soil. In this paper, Firstly, a contaminated farm soil taken Hemei, Zanhua was used to optimize the conditions of closed-microwave method. Secondly, three standard reference materials(CRM 2003、 CRM 141 and CRM 026-050)were analyzed to evaluate the accuracy of the method. Thirdly, fourteen real soil samples were used to test the applicability of this microwave method. Finally, results obtained by sequential extraction wre used to explain why different results occurred at different digestion temperature. The optimized conditions of closed-microwave digestion method are as follows: 0.5 g soil sample, settling for 1 hour after adding oxidizing reagent(4.6 mL aqua regia),a batch of sixteen digestion bottles, power of 600 W, microwave digestion at 112℃ for 10 min. Three standard reference soil samples were analyzed by microwave digestion combined with FAAS. The results show that for Cd the recovery is 104%-106%, the precision is 0.05%-2.42%; for Cu the recovery is 102%-103%, the precision is 0.05%-0.17%; for Pb the recovery is 100%-143%, the precision is 0.47%-2.14%; for Zn the recovery is 104%-108%, the precision is 1.44%-2.81%. Three standard reference materials were also digested at 180℃. The results illustrated higher recoveries and lower variation. According to the above outcomes, temperature of 112℃ is a better choice when the microwave-digestion is applied for soil digestion instead of traditional hotplate reflux method. Fourteen real soil samples were analyzed by microwave and traditional methods. The results had good agreement and the relative difference were within ±20%. Therefore, the microwave-assisted digestion method has proved to be a viable alternative to the traditional aqua regia reflux method for rapidly determining heavy metals in farmland soil samples. In addition, the results obtained by sequential l extractions were not able to explain why the results obtained with 112℃ digestion were different from that obtained with 180℃ digestion. In sum, using closed-microwave digestion method for heavy metal determination method in soil samples has the advantages including fewer amounts of sample used , less acid required and less time consumed. Thus, the method is of great applicability. In addition, the strong-acid exposure risk of facilities and workers can be decreased significantly because of closed-microwave system.
Joseph, Alex. "Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Electroactive Polymers for Metal Ion Sensing". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3056.
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