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Archer, Neil Andrew. "Mercury diffusion in cadmium mercury telluride". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262522.
Pełny tekst źródłaGaines, Adrienne. "Mercury". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5741.
Pełny tekst źródłaM.F.A.
Masters
English
Arts and Humanities
Creative Writing
Enrico, Maxime. "Atmospheric mercury deposition and mercury stable isotope compositions in peat bogs". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0103/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuring the past few decades, peatlands were successfully used to investigate historical mercury (Hg) deposition. The chronology of Hg accumulation rates (HgARs) to peatlands is well constrained, with recent increases in HgAR associated with anthropogenic Hg emissions and deposition. The use of Hg stable isotopes in peatland ecosystems provides new opportunities to better characterize and understand historical Hg deposition. In an extensive study conducted at the Pinet peat bog (French Pyrenees) we identify gaseous elemental Hg (GEM) dry deposition, via foliar uptake, as the dominant Hg transfer pathway from the atmosphere to peat vegetation. Based on the Hg isotope analysis of multiple northern hemispheric peat records, we find that GEM dry deposition dominates Hg deposition globally. We suggest that peatlands can be used as archives of both past Hg wet deposition, Hg dry deposition and GEM concentration. We present the first quantitative reconstruction of historical atmospheric GEM concentrations using peat archives from the Pyrenees. The Human impact on Hg cycling caused a gradual increase in GEM concentrations from 0.2 (10,000 – 4000 BP) to 3.5 ng m-3 (20th Century) and was accompanied by a change in atmospheric Hg isotope signatures. This first comprehensive study on Hg isotope deposition to peatlands is promising and should be extended to pre-anthropogenic times to investigate natural variations in atmospheric Hg dynamics during the Holocene
Vice, President Research Office of the. "Mercury Rising". Office of the Vice President Research, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2768.
Pełny tekst źródłaWihlborg, Peter. "Catching mercury : mercury in Lake Vänern and Swedish catchments /". Linköping : Department of Water and Environmental Studies, Linköping University, 2006. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2006/arts351s.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWoolf, Vincent Martell. "Mercury elemental and isotopic abundances in mercury-manganese stars /". Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Pełny tekst źródłaO'Driscoll, Nelson James. "Dissolved gaseous mercury dynamics and mercury volatilization in freshwater lakes". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29035.
Pełny tekst źródłaVieira, Hugo Miguel Coelho da Silva. "Mercury bioaccumulation, human exposure, and fish consumption recommendations regarding mercury intake". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14772.
Pełny tekst źródłaMercury (Hg) is classified as a pollutant of primary importance because of its high degree of toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulative properties, especially in the aquatic environment. It is released from natural and anthropogenic sources, and once in the environment, the inorganic Hg can be converted in to organic Hg (Methylmercury – MeHg) through bacterial processes. MeHg tends to bioaccumulate and biomagnify through the food web, representing a serious risk to human health. Due to the health risks of excessive Hg exposure, international agencies such as the USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) have established safety levels (reference doses (RfD)) of daily exposure, being the Hg concentration present in human hair used to estimate MeHg exposure. Fish is an important component of a healthy diet for the human population and the fish consumption is expected to be relatively stable in the next two decades; however, fish is also considered a major source of MeHg exposure to human population. The key question of the present study was evaluating the Hg bioaccumulation in humans based in fish consumption. Specific tasks were delineated: (i) evaluatue the human exposure to Hg via fish consumption using a food frequency questionnaire, (ii) assess Hg exposure through Hg measurement in the hair, (iii) evaluate the Hg intake levels, through the application of formulas established by the World Health Organization, (iv) review fish consumption data, Mercury Tolerable intake values and Hg content in fish, based in several reports from Food and Agriculture Organization and European Union and (v) calculation and establishment of isocurves describing the maximum number of fishmeal per week without exceeding the MeHg Rfd (USEPA RfD), by combining number of meals (per week), amount of fish ingested (by meal) and levels of MeHg in fish. Overall data indicate that individuals consuming the highest number of fishmeals per week, also generally showed increased Hg levels in the scalp hair; however, the risk alert of the mercury exposure should not be considered. The real (quantified) and potential (extrapolated) Hg levels in human scalp of adolescents diverge as fish consumption increases, being the effective Hg uptake lower than the expected levels, emphasizing the ability of the human body to induce a self protection response, meaning that MeHg assimilation is probably minimized by detoxification mechanisms. As a final remark, considering the intake of Hg through fish consumption as the main route exposure, the study points out that even a small meal of 50g fish with 0.84 μg g-1 of MeHg per week would reach the USEPA RfD levels, despite the 1.0 μg g-1 of MeHg in fish are being allowed in fish consumption.
O Mercúrio (Hg) é classificado como um dos poluentes mais importantes devido ao seu alto grau de toxicidade, persistência e à sua capacidade de bioacumulação, especialmente no ambiente aquático. Este é libertado a partir de fontes naturais e antropogénicas, e uma vez no ambiente, o Hg inorgânico libertado pode ser convertido em Hg orgânico (metilmercúrio - MeHg) através de processos bacterianos. O MeHg tende a bioacumular e a biomagnificar ao longo da cadeia trófica, representando um sério risco para a saúde humana. Devido a estes riscos resultantes da exposição excessiva ao Hg, agências internacionais, como a USEPA (Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos Estados Unidos) estabeleceram níveis de segurança (doses de referência (DRf)) de exposição diária, sendo a concentração de Hg presente no cabelo humano utilizada para estimar esta exposição. O peixe é uma componente importante de uma dieta saudável para a população humana e o consumo de peixe deverá ser relativamente estável nas próximas duas décadas. No entanto, o peixe também é considerado uma das principais fontes de exposição a MeHg para a população humana. Este estudo teve como questão central a avaliação da bioacumulação de Hg em humanos face ao padrão de consumo de peixe, sendo delineados os seguintes objetivos específicos: (i) avaliar a exposição humana ao Hg face ao consumo de peixe utilizando um questionário de frequência alimentar, (ii) avaliar a exposição ao Hg através da quantificação de Hg no cabelo humano, (iii) avaliar os potenciais níveis de ingestão de Hg, através da aplicação de fórmula estabelecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, (iv) rever dados de consumo de peixe, valores de ingestão de Hg e conteúdo de Hg em peixes, com base em vários relatórios da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Alimentação e Agricultura, assim como, da União Europeia e (v) calcular linhas de tendência (isocurvas) descrevendo o número máximo de refeições de peixe por semana, sem exceder a DRf para o MeHg (USEPA DRf), combinando o número de refeições de peixe (por semana), a quantidade de peixe ingerido (por refeição) e a [MeHg] no peixe consumido. Os resultados revelam que os indivíduos que indicaram consumir um maior número de refeições de peixe por semana, também apresentam em regra níveis mais altos de Hg no cabelo; no entanto, o risco de alerta para a exposição ao Hg não deve ser considerado. Os níveis reais (quantificados) e valores potenciais (extrapolados) de Hg no cabelo dos adolescentes divergiram quando aumentou o consumo de peixe, sendo menor a absorção de Hg real comparativamente ao valor esperado, dando relevo à capacidade do corpo humano induzir uma resposta de auto-protecção, sendo a absorção de MeHg provavelmente minimizada por mecanismos de desintoxicação. O estudo salienta que mesmo uma pequena refeição de 50g de peixe com 0,84 μg g-1 de MeHg por semana alcançaria do valor estabelecido para a ingestão de MeHg (DRf USEPA), apesar de ser permitido o consumo de peixe com valores de 1,0 μg g-1 de MeHg.
Sanz, Sáez Isabel. "Contribution of marine heterotrophic cultured bacteria to microbial diversity and mercury detoxification". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671617.
Pełny tekst źródłaLos océanos contienen aproximadamente un total de 10^29 células microbianas. Las bacterias marinas son responsables de la mayor parte de la respiración que se produce en el océano y son esenciales en los ciclos biogeoquímicos de la Tierra. Estudiar la diversidad bacteriana de los ecosistemas marinos y tener acceso a los genomas mediante estudios dependientes e independientes de cultivo es importante para descifrar el potencial metabólico de las bacterias marinas. Los cultivos nos aportan información sobre la fisiología bacteriana, ecología y contenido genómico, pero la mayoría de los esfuerzos en aislar bacteria marinas provienen de la zona fótica del océano, dejando las profundidades marinas menos exploradas. En esta tesis, técnicas estándar de cultivo han permitido crear una colección marina de bacterias heterótrofas (MARINHET), compuesta por más de 2000 aislados, recuperados de varias regiones oceanográficas, de varias profundidades (superficie, mesopelágico y batipelágico), y cubriendo varias estaciones y años. El Capítulo 1 describe su taxonomía, diversidad filogenética y biogeografía y revela que un 37% de las cepas son 100% idénticas en la secuencia parcial del gen ribosomal 16S (16S rRNA) entre la zona fótica (superficie) y afótica (mesopelágico y batipelágico). Además, hemos identificado Alteromonas y Erythrobacter entre los géneros marinos heterótrofos más comunes que recuperamos en cultivo usando un medio marino estándar. Las técnicas tradicionales de cultivo generalmente solo recuperan una fracción pequeña de las comunidades bacterianas naturales, fenómeno conocido como ‘la gran anomalía de recuento en placa’ y muchas de las cepas que se aíslan pertenecen a la biosfera rara. Sin embargo, no conocemos si estos patrones, normalmente descritos para las bacterias de superficie, también se aplican en las profundidades. En el Capítulo 2 he combinado resultados obtenidos mediante técnicas dependientes e independientes de cultivo comparando las secuencias del 16S rRNA de la colección MARINHET contra los fragmentos de secuenciación masiva del 16S rRNA (de amplicones y metagenomas), obtenidos de muestras globalmente distribuidas y de diferentes profundidades. Una mayor proporción de las bacterias del océano profundo son cultivables y una fracción importante de los aislados tiene preferencia a un estilo de vida adherido a partículas. Además, confirmamos que el dogma ‘menos del 1% de las bacterias son cultivables’ deber ser revisado ya que encontramos variabilidad en las muestras de profundidad, donde hasta un 3% de las células se han podido aislar. Los aislados bacterianos son un excelente material para aplicaciones biotecnológicas, como la biorremediación de zonas marinas contaminadas. El mercurio es un metal pesado tóxico y su forma más peligrosa, el metilmercurio (MeHg), se bioacumula en la cadena trófica marina. No obstante, se conoce muy poco la tolerancia de bacterias marinas frente al mercurio o la fisiológia de aquellas cepas que codifican los genes de resistencia (operón mer). El Capítulo 3 describe los resultados del mapeo funcional de los genes merA y merB, clave en la detoxificación, en una fracción de la colección MARINHET. Nos centramos en dos géneros marinos, con un potencial genético para la degradación del mercurio previamente descrito en la literatura, como son Alteromonas y Marinobacter. Desvelamos que los genes merAB están ampliamente distribuidos en diferentes regiones oceanográficas y en varias profundidades. Adicionalmente, hemos seleccionado una cepa de Alteromonas mediterranea para futuros estudios de biorremediación debido a su alta tolerancia y capacidad de degradación de diferentes formas de mercurio.
The world’s oceans sustain the life for an estimated total of 10^29 microbial cells. Marine bacteria are responsible for most part of the ocean respiration and are key in most biogeochemical cycles of the Earth. Accordingly, the study of the bacterial diversity present in different marine ecosystems is essential, and having access to their genomes through isolation or genomic centric studies is important to decipher their metabolic potential. Isolation of marine microorganisms is fundamental to gather information about their physiology, ecology and genomic content. To date, most of the bacterial isolation efforts have focused on the photic ocean leaving the deep ocean less explored. In this thesis, standard plating techniques allowed to create a marine culture collection of heterotrophic bacteria (MARINHET). More than 2000 isolates were retrieved from samples collected from a variety of oceanographic regions, from different depths including surface, mesopelagic and bathypelagic waters, and also covering different seasons and years. Chapter 1 describes the taxonomy, the phylogenetic diversity and the biogeography of culturable heterotrophic marine bacteria, and reveals that an important percentage of the strains (37%) are 100% identical in their partial 16S rRNA gene between photic and aphotic layers. In addition, we identified Alteromonas and Erythrobacter genera as the most frequently retrieved heterotrophic bacteria from the ocean in standard marine agar medium. It is a long-standing observation that traditional culture techniques only retrieve a small fraction of the microbial diversity found in natural environments including marine ecosystems, what is known as ‘the great plate count anomaly’. In addition, most of the retrieved isolates belong to the so-called rare biosphere. However, we do not know if these patterns, usually described for bacteria living in the photic ocean, also apply for the deep ocean bacteria. In Chapter 2 of this thesis, I combined results from culture-dependent and -independent techniques by comparing the 16S rRNA partial sequences of the MARINHET isolates with 16S rRNA amplicon Illumina TAGs (16S iTAGs) and metagenomic TAGs (miTAGs) from surface, mesopelagic and bathypelagic samples globally distributed. A high proportion of bacteria inhabiting the deep ocean could be retrieved by pure culture techniques and a significant fraction of the isolates preferred a lifestyle attached to particles. Additionally, I revised the axiom that ‘less than 1% of bacteria can be cultured’, finding variability between mesopelagic and bathypelagic samples, where up to 3% of the cells could be cultured. Bacterial isolates also represent a valuable genetic reservoir for biotechnology applications, such as bioremediation strategies of marine polluted environments. Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals in the planet and its most dangerous form, methylmercury (MeHg), is being bioaccumulated in the marine food web. However, little is known about the tolerance capacity and phenotypic characterization of marine bacteria codifying the mercury resistance operon (mer operon). Chapter 3 describes the functional screening of merA and merB genes, which are key in the mercury detoxification process, in well know marine genera with described genetic potential for mercury detoxification, such as Alteromonas and Marinobacter. I reported that the merAB genes from these two genera are widely distributed in different oceanographic regions and depths. In addition, I selected a promising candidate, phylogenetically affiliated to Alteromonas mediterranea, for future bioremediation studies due to its high tolerance and degradation ability of different mercury forms.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Microbiologia
Wan, Yanjun. "Simple Molecule Mercury Sensor". NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08082008-132023/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSeddon, N. "Mercury bromide laser kinetics". Thesis, University of Hull, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377398.
Pełny tekst źródłaSriram, Vishnu. "Study of Reaction Kinetics for Elemental Mercury Vapor Oxidation for Mercury Emission Control". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1505206944668175.
Pełny tekst źródłaMonrreal, Robert Horvath. "Hydrology and water chemistry in Weeks Bay, Alabama implications for mercury bioaccumulation /". Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Theses/MONRREAL_ROBERT_35.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaPatel, Subash C. "Assessment of Existing Mercury Fact Sheets for Development of a Revised Mercury Fact Sheet". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/94.
Pełny tekst źródłaRothenberg, Sarah E. "Mercury cycling in a coastal estuary and implications for Mercury total maximum daily loads". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1503395861&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaHeckel, Pamela Funderburg. "Determination of mercury in magicicada". Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ucin1194554247.
Pełny tekst źródłaAdvisor: Tim C. Keener. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Feb. 18, 2008). Keywords: Magicicada; cassinii; septendecium; septendecula; mercury in soils; mercury in adult insects; mercury in terrestrial insects; mercury in roots; exuviae; combustion AA; CVAAS; mercury in exuviae; mercury in insects. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Ikram, Shehzad. "Spectroscopy of indium-mercury exciplexes". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282190.
Pełny tekst źródłaCosta, Monica Ferreira da. "Mercury photochemistry in natural waters". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338305.
Pełny tekst źródłaLindsay, Simon Thomas. "X-ray observations of Mercury". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31433.
Pełny tekst źródłaBarst, Benjamin Daniel. "Hepatotoxicity of Mercury to Fish". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31525/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSheridan, Peter Oliver. "Amalgam restorations and mercury toxicity". Connect to full text, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4412.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from title screen (viewed Apr. 23, 2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Dental Surgery to the Faculty of Dentistry. Degree awarded 1992; thesis submitted 1991. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
Sheridan, Peter. "Amalgam restorations and mercury toxicity". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4412.
Pełny tekst źródłaSheridan, Peter. "Amalgam restorations and mercury toxicity". University of Sydney, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4412.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe safety of amalgam restorations has been challenged, claims having been made that health risks are associated with the constituent mercury. There are assertions that mercury released from amalgam produces mercury poisoning, and is thus responsible for diverse symptoms of impaired health as well as disease states such as Multiple Sclerosis. This study examines the various forms of mercury and their effects and attempts particularly to delineate the significance of dental amalgam as a factor in hypersensitivity reactions and in the human body burden of mercury. Dental personnel are evaluated as a potentially high-risk group for mercury exposure. Dental amalgam and alternative restorative materials are considered, the removal of amalgam being evaluated as a therapeutic modality. The “anti-amalgam” perspective is scrutinised and the validity of the claims assessed. A review of the scientific literature, and the statements of national and international dental and scientific literature, and the statements of national and international dental and scientific organisations reflect the general support for the safety of dental amalgam. There is no evidence that health risks are associated with the use of dental amalgam other than rare local allergic reactions and oral lichenoid lesions. Notwithstanding the usefulness and safety of dental amalgam certain recommendations and conclusions are made in respect of future approaches to the utilisation of this material and for mercury in general. Further objective scientific research is necessary to determine the effects on human health of chronic exposure to low levels of mercury. There is the need for accurate general population threshold levels to be established for mercury vapour with special consideration for the vulnerable members of the community. The health professions have a significant role to play in providing informed opinion and advice for their patients and the public, in countering the more eccentric claims of the anti-amalgamists and assuaging the anxiety and confusion which accompanies this subject.
Fegan, Emma Rosalind. "Crustal history indicators on Mercury". Thesis, Open University, 2018. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54082/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFerguson, Peter Donald. "Mercury and methyl mercury concentrations in Hyalella azteca, relationships with environmental factors and potential use of Hyalella azteca as a biological monitor of mercury". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21685.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaKim, Grace Chunhae 1959. "THE NATURE OF ELEMENTAL MERCURY IN SOLUTION". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275511.
Pełny tekst źródłaLu, Guan-Qing. "Le lien génétique entre la minéralisation en or et en mercure et l'évolution pétrolifère : le cas de dépôt d'or et mercure de Danzhai = A genetic link between the gold-mercury mineralization and petroleum evolution : a case of the Danzhai gold-mercury deposit /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Xin. "Mercury Oxidation and Adsorption over Cupric Chloride-Based Catalysts and Sorbents for Mercury Emissions Control". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337959291.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbabneh, Fuad A. "Application of chemical kinetics to mercury cycling in the aquatic environment: Photoreduction of mercury(II) and binding of mercury(II) and methylmercury(+) to natural ligands". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29187.
Pełny tekst źródłaGauchard, Pierre-Alexis. "Étude d'un processus singulier d'oxydation du mercure atmosphérique en zone polaire : les « Atmospheric Mercury Depletion Events »". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009980.
Pełny tekst źródłaTyumenev, Rinat. "Mercury lattice clock : from the Lamb-Dicke spectroscopy to stable clock operation". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066276/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe first two chapters of thesis describe the basics of optical standards and its applications. Highlight advantages of mercury as a frequency reference in optical lattice clock and give theoretical background about atom-light interaction, origins of systematic shifts and their influence on stability of a clock. The third chapter describes the experimental setup. It includes the schemes and operation of the main laser systems and their characteristics, the vacuum chamber and magneto-optical trapping of atoms. The fourth chapter is about the setup improvements that I made during the thesis. It describes the new doubling stage at 254 nm for the cooling laser system that was designed and implemented during the thesis. The new doubling stage allowed us to perform spectroscopies with long integration times necessary for the measurement of stability of our clock and systematic shifts. The second major and important improvement was the change of the lattice trap cavity. The new lattice cavity allowed us to increase trap depth by a factor of 3, number of trapped atoms by 10, improved the signal to noise ratio and increased stability of the clock. The fifth chapter tells about the obtained results. Thanks to all the technical improvements spectroscopy of the clock transition with the record linewidth of 3.3 Hz was demonstrated. State selection and spectroscopy on dark background were implemented. Stability of the clock was improved by a factor of 5 and measured to be 1.2*10-15 at 1 s. No observable collision shift and second order Zeeman shift were measured at the uncertainty level of ~1*10-16. The shift of the clock frequency due to lattice light was measured to be below 6*10-17
Whitney, Margaret Crossley. "Impact of Mercury Exposure on Birds and the Effect of Molt on Mercury Depuration in Songbirds". W&M ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626757.
Pełny tekst źródłaHansson, Monika. "Mercury-induced autoimmunity : Genetics and immunoregulation". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Wenner-Gren Institute for Experimental Biology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-47.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe existence of immune self-tolerance allows the immune system to mount responses against infectious agents, but not against self-molecular constitutes. Although self-tolerance is a robust phenomenon, in some individuals as well as in experimental models, the self-tolerance breaks down and as a result, a self-destructive autoimmune disease emerges. The underlying mechanisms for the development of autoimmune diseases are not known, but genetic, environmental and immunological factors are suggested to be involved. In this thesis, we used murine mercury-induced autoimmunity to test this suggestion.
In susceptible mice mercuric chloride induces a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by increased serum levels of IgG1 and IgE, production of anti-nucleolar autoantibodies (ANolA) and formation of renal IgG deposits. In contrast, in resistant DBA/2 (H-2d) mice, none of these characteristics develop after exposure to mercury. By crossing and backcrossing mercury-resistant DBA/2 mice to mercury susceptible strains, we found that the resistance was inherited as a dominant trait in F1 hybrids and that one gene or a cluster of genes located in the H-2 loci determined the resistance to ANolA production, whereas resistance to the other characteristics was found to be controlled by two or three non-H-2 genes.
We further put forward the “cryptic peptide hypothesis” to investigate whether mercury and another xenobiotic metal use similar pathway(s) to induce the H-2 linked production of ANolA. We found that while mercury stimulated ANolA synthesis in all H-2 susceptible (H-2s, H-2q and H-2f) mouse strains, silver induced only ANolA responses in H-2s and H-2q mice, but not in H-2f mice. Further studies showed that the resistance to silver-induced ANolA production in H-2f mice was inherited as a dominant trait.
We next tested the proposition that mercury induces more adverse immunological effects in mouse strains, which are genetically prone to develop autoimmune diseases, using tight-skin 1 mice, an animal model for human Scleroderma. It was found that in this strain, mercury induced a strong immune activation with autoimmune characteristics, but did not accelerate the development of dermal fibrosis, a characteristic in Tsk/1 mice.
Finally we addressed the Th1/Th2 cross-regulation paradigm by examining if a Th1-type of response could interact with a Th2-type of response if simultaneous induced in susceptible mice. Our findings demonstrated that mercury-induced autoimmunity (Th2-type) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) (Th1-type) can interact in a synergistic, antagonistic or additive fashion, depending on at which stage of CIA mercury is administered.
Saillard, Audric. "Mercury Amalgam Electrodeposition on Metal Microelectrodes". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7193.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Jeff S. "The spectroscopy of clusters containing mercury". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0009/MQ52596.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrudel, Marc. "Bioenergetics and mercury dynamics in fish". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0035/NQ64684.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWang, Yaodong. "Phytoremediation of mercury by terrestrial plants". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Botany, Stockholm University, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-307.
Pełny tekst źródłaAsk, Björnberg Karolin. "Mercury exposure during early human development /". Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-224-1/.
Pełny tekst źródłaCox, Michael Jason. "Zinc, cadmium and mercury 1,1-dithiolates /". Title page, abstract and contents only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc8775.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaUllah, Mohammad Barkat. "Mercury stabilization using thiosulfate and thioselenate". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41930.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhou, Zizheng. "Mercury stabilization using thiosulfate or selenosulfate". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44276.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrudel, Marc. "Bioenergetics and mercury dynamics in fish". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36723.
Pełny tekst źródłaBernier, Geneviève. "Mercury diagenesis in the Saguenay Fjord". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97908.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaciel, H. S. "Double layers in mercury arc discharges". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355761.
Pełny tekst źródłaAndersson, Tord. "Mercury and radiocesium in Swedish lakes". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-102336.
Pełny tekst źródłaDiss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1993,, härtill 6 uppsatser.
digitalisering@umu.se
Shafawi, Azman Bin. "Mercury species in natural gas condensate". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/705.
Pełny tekst źródłaDu, K. "Transient intermediates in excited mercury vapour". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383164.
Pełny tekst źródłaTabatchnick, Melissa Danielle. "Mercury Speciation in Temperate Tree Foliage". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1284516685.
Pełny tekst źródłaJha, Vibha. "Cellular regulation of mercury-induced autoimmunity". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/60597.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh.D.
Etiological agents causing autoimmune diseases largely remain unknown. However, several lines of evidence suggest that environmental factors such as heavy metals (arsenic, lead and mercury) play a crucial role in the development of autoimmune disorders. In our model of mercury-induced autoimmunity, administration of subtoxic doses of HgCl2 to genetically susceptible strains of mice result in an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of highly specific anti-nucleolar autoantibodies, hypergammaglobulinemia and nephritis. However, mice can be tolerized to the disease by a single low dose administration of HgCl2 (tolerogenic dose). Previous studies from our lab had demonstrated that CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) control the induction and maintenance of tolerance to mercury. We investigated the therapeutic role of Tregs in our model by utilizing agents that are known to stimulate in vivo expansion of Tregs. We studied two such agents, CD3-specific non-Fc receptor-binding [(Fab’)2 fragment] monoclonal antibody (Anti-CD3) and immune complexes containing recombinant IL-2 and anti-IL-2 monoclonal antibody (IC). In our model, treatment of mice with Anti-CD3 had no effect on Treg population. Administration of Anti-CD3 with the tolerogenic dose prevented induction of tolerance and failed to improve the maintenance period of tolerance. Anti-CD3 in presence of mercury activated the immune-system causing splenomegaly and expansion of B cell population. Overall, in contrast to its protective role in other experimental autoimmune disease models, Anti-CD3 exacerbated mercury-induced autoimmune syndrome. Treatment of mice with IC resulted in selective expansion of Tregs with a modest decrease in IgE levels and autoantibody production. Administration of IC with the tolerogenic dose led to a reduction in autoantibody response, thus IC was able to extend the maintenance period of tolerance to mercury. Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) is an inhibitory molecule that maintains lymphocyte homeostatic balance by controlling effector T cell expansion and contributing to the suppressive functions of Tregs. Thus, with the goal to understand the impact of homeostatic balance on Hg-induced autoimmunity, we investigated the role of LAG-3 in our model. Administration of an anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody broke tolerance to Hg resulting in autoantibody production and an increase in levels of serum IgE. Additionally, LAG-3-deficient B6.SJL mice exhibited an increased susceptibility to mercury-induced autoimmunity whereas, wild type controls suffered only from a mild disease. Moreover, adoptive transfer of wild-type CD4+ T cells protected LAG-3-deficient mice from mercury-induced autoimmunity. Therefore, we conclude that LAG-3 exerts an important regulatory effect on autoimmunity elicited by a common environmental pollutant.
Temple University--Theses
Crossland, Richard J. "Mathematical modelling of bacterial mercury resistance". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30521/.
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