Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Melanoma

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Melanoma”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Melanoma"

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Panizzon i Guggisberg. "Clinical aspects and histopathology of melanoma". Therapeutische Umschau 56, nr 6 (1.06.1999): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930.56.6.302.

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Die jährliche Melanominzidenz ist weiter ansteigend. Die Melanome können im Prinzip gut diagnostiziert werden, da sie auf der Haut leicht erkennbar sind. Die Prognose des Melanoms ist ausgezeichnet, wenn es früh erkannt wird. Es ist wichtig, die klinischen Merkmale eines Melanoms, d.h. die ABCDE-Regel, zu kennen. Die klinischen Formen des Melanoms umfassen in der Reihenfolge der Häufigkeit das oberflächlich-spreitende Melanom (SSM), das noduläre Melanom (NM), das Lentigo maligna-Melanom (LMM) und das akro-lentiginöse Melanom (ALM). Daneben kennen wir einige klinische Sonderformen wie Melanome auf einem kongentialen Riesenaevus und das Schleimhaut-Melanom. Ähnlich unterscheiden wir histopathologisch aufgrund der Histogenese folgende Melanomformen: Melanom vom Typ SSM, NM, LMM und ALM, wobei letztere besser als akanthosisch-lentiginöse Form bezeichnet werden sollte, da «akrallentiginös» ein klinischer Ausdruck darstellt. Weitere histopathologische Sonderformen sind z.B. das desmoplastische Melanom, das Melanom vom Typ Naevus Spitz oder aus einem Naevus bleu. Wir beschrieben auch 2 Sonderformen, das Melanom vom Typ des dysplastischen Naevus oder vom Typ des Lichen ruber planus. Wichtig ist, der histopathologische Bericht umfasst a) die Dickenangabe in mm (Breslow), da sie das wichtigste Prognosekriterium darstellt, und b) die Infiltrationstiefe nach Clark (5 Stufen).
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Barcala, Natália da Silva, Felipe Narracci, Gabriel Martins Perillo, Júlia Cauneto Banheti Corredato, Lilian Mariano Fonsatti, Francielli Elaine de Araújo Sampaio, Lorraine da Rosa Bueno i in. "MELANOMA: UMA ANÁLISE ABRANGENTE". Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences 5, nr 5 (8.12.2023): 4856–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2023v5n5p4856-4869.

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O melanoma é uma neoplasia cutânea maligna originada nos melanócitos, células responsáveis pela produção de melanina. Este tipo de câncer de pele tem a capacidade de se disseminar rapidamente para outros órgãos, o que pode resultar em complicações sérias. A dermatoscopia, biópsia cutânea e tomografia por emissão de pósitrons são técnicas essenciais para o diagnóstico precoce e estadiamento do melanoma. O tratamento do melanoma envolve uma abordagem multidisciplinar, incorporando cirurgia, imunoterapia, terapia-alvo e radioterapia, conforme a extensão da doença. Avanços notáveis incluem inibidores de checkpoint imunológico, como ipilimumabe e pembrolizumabe, que demonstraram eficácia significativa em melanomas avançados. A prevenção do melanoma é fundamentada na conscientização sobre fatores de risco, como exposição excessiva ao sol, e programas de rastreamento dermatológico em populações de alto risco. A compreensão molecular do melanoma, incluindo mutações em genes como BRAF, tem contribuído para estratégias de tratamento mais personalizadas. Em suma, o melanoma representa um desafio clínico significativo, exigindo uma abordagem integrada que abrange desde técnicas diagnósticas avançadas até terapias inovadoras, com ênfase na prevenção e conscientização.
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Avello Canisto, Francisco, i Allan Avello Peragallo. "Melanoma en la región de cabeza y cuello." Anales de la Facultad de Medicina 76, nr 2 (10.07.2015): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/anales.v76i2.11146.

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El melanoma es una neoplasia maligna producto de la degeneración y atipia del melanocito (célula formadora del pigmento melanina). Al melanocito lo encontramos en la piel (capa basal de la epidermis), globo ocular (membrana coroidea) y sistema nervioso central (piamadre). La localización en cabeza y cuello, representa el 30% de todos los melanomas en general, después de las extremidades inferiores y superiores, y más de las dos terceras partes se localizan en la piel de la cara. Menos frecuente es su origen en las membranas mucosas (fosas nasales, cavidad oral, conjuntivas), donde generalmente carece de melanina. Hay casos reportados de melanoma intraocular y de glándula salival submaxilar, pero su presentación es muy rara.
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Rader, Ryan K., Katie S. Payne, Uday Guntupalli, Harold S. Rabinovitz, Maggie C. Oliviero, Rhett J. Drugge, Joseph J. Malters i William V. Stoecker. "The Pink Rim Sign: Location of Pink as an Indicator of Melanoma in Dermoscopic Images". Journal of Skin Cancer 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/719740.

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Background. In dermoscopic images, multiple shades of pink have been described in melanoma without specifying location of these areas within the lesion.Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the statistics for the presence of centrally and peripherally located pink melanoma and benign melanocytic lesions.Methods. Three observers, untrained in dermoscopy, each retrospectively analyzed 1290 dermoscopic images (296 melanomas (170in situand 126 invasive), 994 benign melanocytic nevi) and assessed the presence of any shade of pink in the center and periphery of the lesion.Results. Pink was located in the peripheral region in 14.5% of melanomas and 6.3% of benign melanocytic lesions, yielding an odds ratio of 2.51 (95% CI: 1.7–3.8,P<0.0001). Central pink was located in 12.8% of melanomas and 21.8% of benign lesions, yielding an odds ratio of 0.462 (95% CI: 0.67,P=0.204). Pink in melanomain situtended to be present throughout the lesion (68% of pink lesions). Pink in invasive melanoma was present in 17% of cases, often presenting as a pink rim.Conclusions. The presence of pink in the periphery or rim of a dermoscopic melanocytic lesion image provides an indication of malignancy. We offer the “pink rim sign” as a clue to the dermoscopic diagnosis of invasive melanoma.
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Hansson, Johan, Mia Bergenmar, Per-Åke Hofer, Göran Lundell, Eva Månsson-Brahme, Ulrik Ringborg, Ingrid Synnerstad, Annika Ternesten Bratel, Ann-Marie Wennberg i Inger Rosdahl. "Monitoring of Kindreds With Hereditary Predisposition for Cutaneous Melanoma and Dysplastic Nevus Syndrome: Results of a Swedish Preventive Program". Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, nr 19 (1.07.2007): 2819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.11.4108.

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Purpose To evaluate a program initiated in 1987 by the Swedish Melanoma Study Group aiming to provide preventive surveillance to kindreds with hereditary cutaneous melanoma and dysplastic nevus syndrome. Patients and Methods Overall, 2,080 individuals belonging to 280 melanoma families were followed for 14 years between 1987 and 2001 at 12 participating centers. Data were registered in a central database. Results Among 1,912 skin lesions excised during follow-up, 41 melanomas were removed in 32 individuals. Of these, 15 (37%) were in situ melanomas and 26 (63%) invasive melanomas. The median tumor thickness of invasive melanomas was 0.5 mm. Ulceration was absent in 24 of 26 invasive melanomas (92%) and 12 (46%) lacked vertical growth phase. Compared with melanomas in the general Swedish population, the melanomas identified in these kindreds during follow-up had better prognostic characteristics. All melanomas except one were diagnosed in families with two or more first-degree relatives with melanoma. Diagnosis of melanoma occurred in three of eight kindreds with germline CDKN2A mutations, supporting that families with such mutations are at increased risk for melanoma development. Of the 32 individuals who developed melanoma during follow-up, 21 (66%) had had at least one previously diagnosed melanoma. Conclusion This study shows that a coordinated program aimed at detecting and offering skin surveillance in kindreds with hereditary cutaneous melanoma results in a low incidence of melanomas during the follow-up period and that the tumors that do arise have favorable prognostic characteristics.
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Palacios-Diaz, Rodolfo David, Blanca de Unamuno-Bustos, Carlos Abril-Pérez, Mónica Pozuelo-Ruiz, Javier Sánchez-Arraez, Ignacio Torres-Navarro i Rafael Botella-Estrada. "Multiple Primary Melanomas: Retrospective Review in a Tertiary Care Hospital". Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, nr 9 (22.04.2022): 2355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092355.

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Multiple primary melanomas (MPM) refer to the occurrence of more than one synchronous or metachronous melanoma in the same individual. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of MPM and describe the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of patients with MPM. An observational single-center retrospective study was designed based on a cohort of melanoma patients followed in a tertiary care hospital. Fifty-eight (8.9%) patients developed MPM. Most patients were men (65.5%) and the median age at the time of diagnosis of the first melanoma was 71 years old. The median time of diagnosis of the second melanoma from the first melanoma was 10.9 months, and 77.6% of second melanomas were diagnosed within the first 5 years. In total, 29 (50%) and 28 (48.3%) first and second melanomas were located in the trunk, respectively. Concordance of anatomic site between primary and subsequent melanoma was found in 46.6% of the patients. Proportion of in situ melanomas was increasingly higher in subsequent melanomas (from 36.21% of first melanomas to 100% of fifth melanomas). An increasing rate of melanomas with histological regression was observed within subsequent melanomas (from 60.3% of first melanomas to 80% of third melanomas). Our results support the importance of careful long-term follow-up with total body examination in melanoma patients.
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Apostu, Adina Patricia, Loredana Ungureanu, Salomea Ruth Halmagyi, Ioana Irina Trufin i Simona Corina Șenilă. "Multiple primary melanomas: A literature review". Medicine 102, nr 30 (28.07.2023): e34378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000034378.

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Survival rates for melanoma have increased in recent years, a higher number of patients survive after diagnosis, and, therefore, are at an increased risk of developing second primary melanoma. The aim of this literature review is to identify and integrate the incidence rates and other characteristics of multiple primary melanomas. A total of 36 independent studies were included in this review. The incidence of multiple primary melanomas reported ranged from 1.1% to 20.4%. Synchronous melanomas account for 5% to 66% of the reported lesions. The most common site for both first and subsequent melanomas is the trunk. Superficial spreading melanoma is the most common histological type in both first and subsequent primary melanoma. Regarding the mean Breslow index, subsequent melanomas appeared to be thinner than first melanomas. Our review suggests that melanoma patients are at a higher risk of developing a second primary melanoma and long-term surveillance is needed.
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Bol, Kalijn Fredrike, Marco Donia, Steffen Heegaard, Jens Folke Kiilgaard i Inge Marie Svane. "Genetic Biomarkers in Melanoma of the Ocular Region: What the Medical Oncologist Should Know". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, nr 15 (23.07.2020): 5231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155231.

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Melanoma of the ocular region (ocular melanoma) comprises about 5% of all patients with melanoma and covers posterior uveal melanoma, iris melanoma, and conjunctival melanoma. The risk of metastasis is much higher in patients with ocular melanoma compared to a primary melanoma of the skin. The subtypes of ocular melanoma have distinct genetic features, which should be taken into consideration when making clinical decisions. Most relevant for current practice is the absence of BRAF mutations in posterior uveal melanoma, although present in some iris melanomas and conjunctival melanomas. In this review, we discuss the genetic biomarkers of the subtypes of ocular melanoma and their impacts on the clinical care of these patients.
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Papageorgiou, Chrysoula, Demetrios Ioannides, Zoe Apalla, Efstratios Vakirlis, Elisabeth Lazaridou, Eleni Sotiriou i Aimilios Lallas. "Dermoscopy of difficult-to-diagnose Melanomas". Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 8, nr 3 (1.09.2016): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjdv-2016-0011.

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Abstract Dermoscopy is a non-invasive procedure that allows the evaluation of cutaneous lesions, and is considered to be a useful tool that improves the diagnostic accuracy of melanoma. Many dermoscopic criteria of melanoma have been established and several algorithms have been created for melanoma detection. However, the recognition of some melanomas remains challenging. Melanomas on specific body sites, melanomas in patients with multiple atypical moles, and nodular melanomas represent the most difficult-to-recognize melanoma subtypes, since they typically lack the “classic” melanoma-specific criteria. This paper provides an update on dermoscopy of difficult-to-diagnose melanomas by summarizing the newest data. Lastly, we highlight the importance of digital dermoscopy in the follow-up of melanocytic lesions for the detection of incipient melanomas while maintaining a low excision rate.
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Dumaz, Nicolas, Fanélie Jouenne, Julie Delyon, Samia Mourah, Armand Bensussan i Céleste Lebbé. "Atypical BRAF and NRAS Mutations in Mucosal Melanoma". Cancers 11, nr 8 (8.08.2019): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11081133.

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Primary mucosal melanomas represent a minority of melanomas, but have a significantly worse prognosis than cutaneous melanomas. A better characterization of the molecular pathogenesis of this melanoma subtype could help us understand the risk factors associated with the development of mucosal melanomas and highlight therapeutic targets. Because the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway plays such a significant role in melanoma development, we explore v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) and neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) mutations in mucosal melanoma and compare them to the mutation profiles in cutaneous melanoma and other tumors with BRAF and NRAS mutations. We show that in addition to being less frequent, BRAF and NRAS mutations are different in mucosal melanoma compared to cutaneous melanomas. Strikingly, the BRAF and NRAS mutation profiles in mucosal melanoma are closer to those found in cancers such as lung cancer, suggesting that mutations in mucosal melanoma could be linked to some genotoxic agents that remain to be identified. We also show that the atypical BRAF and NRAS mutations found in mucosal melanomas have particular effects on protein activities, which could be essential for the transformation of mucosal melanocytes.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Melanoma"

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Bolander, Åsa. "Prognostic factors in malignant melanoma /". Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9511.

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Short, Candice, i Ryan Short. "Uveal Melanoma". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7353.

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Short, Candice, i Ryan Short. "Uveal Melanoma". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7357.

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Aliprandini, Eduardo. "Efeito da melanina e do oxigenio singlete na morte celular e fluxo de cálcio em células Melan-A e B16-F10". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/22552.

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Orientadora : Prof. Glaucia Regina Martinez
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica. Defesa: Curitiba, 12/02/2010
Bibliografia: 65-74
Área de concentração: Bioquímica
Resumo
Resumo: O melanoma e um tipo de cancer bastante relevante ja que as opcoes de tratamento eficazes sao limitadas. A presenca da melanina protege os individuos de pele escura contra os efeitos da radiacao solar, a principal causa de formacao do melanoma pela geracao de especies reativas de oxigenio (ROS). Porem, a melanina tambem pode ter um papel duplo, que e a de gerar especies reativas durante sua sintese que podem prejudicar a celula. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliacao das caracteristicas de morte celular causadas por uma ROS, o oxigenio singlete (1O2), nas celulas de melanoma murino B16-F10 com e sem estimulo para producao de melanina e nas celulas de melanocito murino Melan-a. O estimulo para a sintese de melanina foi obtido incubando-se as celulas por 48 horas com meio RPMI 1640 enriquecido com 400 ƒÊmol/L de L-tirosina e 10 mmol/L de cloreto de amonio. A concentracao de melanina aumentou em mais de nove vezes nas celulas B16-F10 e as celulas Melan-a tiveram aumento de menos de duas vezes. Foi utilizado o endoperoxido DHPNO2 10 mmol/L por 2 horas para a geracao de 1O2. Essa condicao causou queda na viabilidade avaliada pelo metodo do MTT para 78,0% nas celulas B16-F10, 70,2% nas B16-F10 estimuladas (B16-F10 Y) e 79,3% nas Melan-a. O ensaio foi feito apos 24 horas do inicio do tratamento com DHPNO2 e a viabilidade caiu para 49,7% nas B16-F10, 53,3% nas B16- F10 Y e 72,5% nas Melan-a. A avaliacao da morte celular utilizando laranja de acridina e brometo de etidio mostrou que apos o tratamento por 2 horas, somente as celulas B16- F10 tiveram aumento significativo na quantidade de celulas em apoptose, e as B16-F10 Y tiveram leve queda na quantidade de celulas viaveis, com tendencia ao aumento de celulas em apoptose. As celulas Melan-a nao tiveram diferenca entre os tratamentos. A liberacao do citocromo c foi determinada por HPLC e mostrou-se que apos 2 horas, as celulas B16-F10 tratadas com 1O2 tiveram mais citocromo c liberado para o citoplasma comparado com o controle. Nos demais grupos, nao houve alteracao com o tratamento. Porem, as celulas controle com mais melanina tiveram maior liberacao de citocromo comparado com o controle das celulas nao estimuladas, mostrando que as celulas estavam sofrendo algum dano inerente da sintese de melanina. A analise da fragmentacao do DNA apos 2 e 24 horas mostrou que nao houve aparecimento de quebras caracteristicas de apoptose pelo tratamento com 1O2 em nenhum dos grupos testados. As celulas B16-F10 Y controle apresentaram DNA fragmentado inespecificamente, representado como um arraste no gel de agarose, que nao foi alterado pelo tratamento. A razao entre ADP e ATP foi quantificada para avaliar o estado energetico da celula, que pode refletir algumas caracteristicas de morte. Nenhuma das celulas teve diferenca estatistica apos o tratamento de 2 horas com 1O2, mas foi observado que as razoes ADP/ATP das celulas controle B16-F10 com e sem estimulo apresentaram valores acima do valor considerado para celulas viaveis/proliferativas. Os resultados da celula Melan-a foram bem proximos dos valores ditos normais. O fluxo de calcio tambem foi avaliado e o 1O2 foi capaz de liberar calcio das reservas intracelulares para o citoplasma nas celulas B16-F10, sendo que nas celulas estimuladas, o aumento do calcio citoplasmatico foi menor, indicando a possivel recaptacao do calcio pela melanina. As celulas Melan-a nao sofreram grandes alteracoes na quantidade de calcio liberado para o citoplasma. Nao houve diferenca na liberacao de AIF em nenhuma das celulas. Em conjunto, os resultados mostram que a sintese da melanina estimulada pela suplementacao do meio foi deleteria as celulas, pois causou fragmentacao no DNA, liberacao de citocromo c e aumentou a razao ADP/ATP para valores considerados de celula em apoptose. Por outro lado, a presenca da melanina parece ter protegido as celulas da acao do 1O2, pois alguns resultados indicam uma tendencia de melhora dos parametros avaliados.
Abstract: Melanoma is a relevant type of cancer since the options for efficient treatment are limited. The presence of melanin protects the dark-skinned people against the effects of solar radiation, the main cause for melanoma development by the generation of reactive species of oxygen (ROS). However, melanin may also have a role on the generation of reactive species during its synthesis, which may harm the cell. So, the objective of this work was the evaluation of the characteristics of cell death caused by a ROS, the singlet oxygen (1O2) on murine melanoma cells B16-F10 with or without stimulation for synthesis of melanin and on murine melanocytes cells Melan-a. The stimulus for the synthesis of melanin was obtained treating the cells for 48 hours with medium RPMI 1640 supplemented with 400 ìmol/L of L-Tyrosine and 10 mmol/L of ammonium chloride. The concentration of melanin increased more than nine times in the B16-F10 cells and the Melan-a cells increase was almost twice the amount of the control. It was used the endoperoxide DHPNO2 10 mmol/L for 2 hours for the generation of 1O2. This condition caused the decrease in the viability determined by the method of MTT to 78% in B16-F10, 70,2% in B16-F10 that were stimulated (B16-F10 Y) and 79,3% in Melana cells. The test was performed after 24 hours from the beginning of the treatment with DHPNO2 and the viability decreased to 49,7% in B16-F10, 53,3% in B16-F10 Y and 72,5 % in Melan-a. The evaluation of cell death using acridine orange and ethidium bromide showed that after the two-hour treatment, only the B16-F10 cells had a significant increase of the number of apoptotic cells, and the B16-F10 Y cells had a slight decrease of the amount of viable cells, with the tendency of the increase of apoptotic cells. Melan-a cells did not show difference among the treatments. The release of cytochrome c was determined by HPLC and it showed that after two hours, B16-F10 cells had more cytochrome c released to the cytoplasm compared to the control. There was not any alteration for other groups of cells with the treatment. However, the control cells that had more melanin showed increased cytochrome c release compared to the control of the not-stimulated cells, demonstrating that the previous cells were suffering some kind of damage from the melanin synthesis. The analysis of DNA fragmentation revealed the absence of typical apoptosis fragmentation in any of the groups. B16-F10 Y control cells displayed unspecific DNA damage observed as a smear in the agarose gel, which was not altered by 1O2 treatment. The same result was observed after the treatment for 2 and 24 hours. The ratio between ADP and ATP was quantified to evaluate the energetic state of the cell, which may reflect some characteristics of cell death. None of the cells showed results statistically significant after the two-hour treatment 1O2, but it was shown that the values of ADP/ATP ratio of the B16-F10 control cells with and without stimulation were above of the threshold accepted for viable/proliferative cells. The results of Melan-a cells were very close to the values considered normal. The calcium flux was also evaluated and it was evidenced that 1O2 was capable of releasing calcium from the intracellular stores to the cytoplasm in B16- F10 cells, and the release of calcium was lower in B16-F10 Y, indicating the possibility of the binding of the metal to melanin. The Melan-a cells did not showed much increase in the quantities of calcium released to the cytoplasm. There was no difference in the release of AIF in any group. Over all, the results support that the synthesis of melanin that was stimulated by the supplementation of the medium was deleterious to the cells, since it caused DNA fragmentation, release of cytochrome c and increase of the ratio ADP/ATP to values of cells in apoptosis. On the other hand, the presence of melanin seemed to protect the cells against the action of 1O2, because some results indicate a tendency of improvement in the parameters evaluated.
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Kohli, Jaskaren Singh. "Senescence and immortalisation in melanoma progression and multiple primary melanoma". Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.706529.

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Multiple primary melanoma is defined as the gain of at least one additional independent melanoma and occurs in approximately 5% of melanoma patients. Germline mutations can be identified in genes in these patients, which are known to, or are predicted to result in an extension of melanocyte lifespan e.g. pl6, CDK4, and components of the telomere shelterin cap. We therefore hypothesised that 'normal' melanocytes from pl6 and CDK4 wild-type multiple primary melanoma patients have a statistically longer lifespan compared to those from single primary melanoma patients. Melanocytes from multiple primary melanoma patients did display a significantly extended culture lifespan, independently of donor age. Multiple primary melanoma is therefore commonly associated with a delay in normal melanocyte senescence. There is currently a shortage of diagnostic markers for melanoma and novel ones are needed for more accurate diagnosis and prognosis. TERT (the enzymatic component of telomerase) expression is the commonest route to telomere maintenance, required for melanoma immortality. TERT expression was tested via immunohistochemistry in a series of melanoma precursor and melanoma lesions, to analyse at which point in progression its expression is activated. The protein was found to be localised in either the nucleolus, the nucleoplasm (designated non-nucleolarTERT), or both. Only non-nucleolarTERT expression significantly increased with melanoma progression, suggesting this location is associated with immortality. As senescence likely needs to be bypassed for advanced melanoma development, microarrays were previously carried out comparing growing and senescent wild-type and pl6-null melanocyte lines to evaluate significantly up- or downregulated genes which could be used as future markers. In the present study, potential novel markers were authenticated using PCR and immunoblotting and validated genes were analysed via immunohistochemistry in a series of melanoma precursor and melanoma lesions. ETS1 was tested owing to recent findings that it can bind to and activate the mutant TERT promoter found commonly in melanomas. ETS1 was expressed at all stages from benign nevi onwards, perhaps owing to its link with the MAPK pathway.
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Wilson, Kenneth Scott. "Cutaneous malignant melanoma". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27062.

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Epidemiology, clinical presentation, natural history, pathological features and treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma have been studied in the British Columbia Cancer Agency [BCCA]. A retrospective review of 891 patients registered between 1972 and 1981 is presented. Age standardised incidence rates have increased significantly. Predominant primary sites were trunk for males and lower limb for females. Dominant growth patterns were superficial spreading [65%], nodular [25%], lentigo maligna [5%] and acral-lentiginous melanoma [2%]. Median primary tumor depth at presentation were 1.45mm for males and 1.10mm for females. No T 1 tumors were staged beyond the local area. Fifteen year survival was 55.5% for males and 70.3% for females. Multivariate analyses of prognostic factors in 556 clinical stage 1 patients showed that micrometer depth, pathological ulceration, primary site and type of initial surgery were principal prognostic factors. Elective lymph node dissections [ELND] were undertaken in 232 patients. Nodes examined after ELND were positive pathologically in 36 [16%] patients. Survival after ELND was compared with a concurrent group of patients not undergoing ELND and with other series. Multivariate analysis did not show ELND to be of independent significance. Survival after therapeutic LND was comparable with previous series. Adjuvant therapy with BCG and levamisole for 3 years was investigated in 76 patients from British Columbia as part of a National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Study involving 543 patients. All patients were clinically disease-free after standard surgery for high risk primary or recurrent regional melanoma. Patients who received Levamisole alone experienced 30% fewer deaths than no immunotherapy control patients. Survival was worst in older patients in the control group and levamisole appeared to abolish the adverse prognostic significance of age.
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Wiguna, Arlina Permatasari. "Immunoregulation in melanoma". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17107.

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IL-10 und TGF-beta sind immunsupprimierende Zytokine, die in verschiedenen Tumoren, u.a. im Melanom, entdeckt wurden und als Hauptursache für das Versagen der Anti-Tumorimmunantwort angesehen werden. Allerdings wurden divergente Daten auch berichtet. Um diese Diskrepanz zu erklären, wurde die Expression dieser Zytokine mittels quantitativer RT-PCR im Melanom und in Haut gesunder Individuen verglichen. Weiterhin wurde die Induktion beider Zytokine in Kokulturexperimenten mit Dendritische Zellen und T-Zellen zusammen mit Tumorzellen sowie ihr Einfluß auf das Immunsystem untersucht. Beide Zytokine sowie deren Rezeptoren wurden im Melanom exprimiert, aber im Vergleich mit gesunder Haut auf signifikant geringerem Level. Dementsprechend waren die Expressionen von IL-10-induzierbare-SOCS-3 und auch TGF-beta-induzierbare-SMAD-7 im Tumor gering und in der gesunden Haut hoch. T-Zellen, die mit einer großen Zahl an Tumorzellen kokultiviert wurden, entwickelten einen anergischen Zustand, aber ohne mit dem IL-10 oder TGF-beta Level zu korrelieren. Dendritische Zellen, die zusammen mit Tumorzellen kokultiviert wurden, wiesen eine gemischte Population an vollständig und unvollständig differenzierten iDCs auf, produzierten hohe Level IL-10 und konnten die CD4 T Zellproliferation weniger effizient induzieren. Trotzdem konnten sie zur Reifung induziert werden, wobei die Blockierung von IL-10 nicht die Fähigkeit der resultierenden, reifen DCs veränderte, CD4 T-Zellproliferation zu induzieren. DCs, deren Reifung in der Gegenwart von Tumorzellen induziert wurde, produzierten erhöhte Level an IL-10, dagegen gleiche oder verminderte Level an TGF-beta und waren effizienter in der Induktion der CD4 T-Zellproliferation. Die fehlende Korrelation von IL-10 und TGF-beta mit den Immundefiziten in situ und in vitro legt den Schluß nahe, ihre Rolle bei Krebs neu zu überdenken.
IL-10 and TGF-beta are immunosuppressive cytokines expressed in tumors including melanoma and, therefore, deemed major cause for failing anti-tumor immune responses. To re-evaluate their role, their expression was compared by quantitative RT-PCR in melanoma and skin of healthy individuals, their induction in dendritic cells and T cells co-cultured with tumor cells, and their effects on the immune cells were tested. Both cytokines as well as their receptors were expressed in melanoma at significantly lower levels than in healthy skin. Consequently, the expressions of IL-10-responsive SOCS-3 and TGF-beta-responsive Smad-7 were low in tumors but high in healthy skin. T cells co-cultured with tumor cells developed an anergic state but without increased IL-10 or TGF-beta expression. In vitro tumor-associated iDCs produced high IL-10 levels and were less efficient in inducing T cell proliferation. Nonetheless, they could be induced to mature, and blocking IL-10 did not alter the capacity of the resulting mDCs to induce T cell proliferation. mDCs co-cultured with tumor cells produced increased IL-10 but similar or decreased TGF-beta level and were more efficient in inducing T cell proliferation. The lack of correlation of IL-10 and TGF-beta with immune deficits in situ and in vitro suggests a necessity of re-evaluating their roles in cancer.
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Winklmeier, Andreas. "Rolle der Transkription und Aktivität von MIA ("Melanoma Inhibitory Activity") im malignen Melanom". kostenfrei, 2009. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-regensburg/volltexte/2009/1301/.

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Hering, Kathrin, Anke Bresch, Donald Lobsien, Wolf Müller, Rolf-Dieter Kortmann i Clemens Seidel. "Primary intradural extramedullary spinal melanoma in the lower thoracic spine". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-205904.

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Up to date, only four cases of primary intradural extramedullary spinal cord melanoma (PIEM) have been reported. No previous reports have described a case of PIEM located in the lower thoracic spine with long-termfollow-up. Purpose. Demonstrating an unusual, extremely rare case of melanoma manifestation. Study Design. Case report. Methods. We report a case of a 57-year-old female suffering from increasing lower extremity pain, left-sided paresis, and paraesthesia due to spinal cord compression caused by PIEM in the lower thoracic spine. Results. Extensive investigation excluded other possible primary melanoma sites and metastases. For spinal cord decompression, the tumor at level T12 was resected, yet incompletely. Adjuvant radiotherapy was administered two weeks after surgery. The patient was recurrence-free at 104 weeks after radiotherapy but presents with unchanged neurological symptoms. Conclusion. Primary intradural extramedullary melanoma (PIEM) is extremely rare and its clinical course is unpredictable.
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Gilbert, Amy. "Humoral immune response to melanoma : discovery and evaluation of anti-melanoma antibodies". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/humoral-immune-response-to-melanoma-discovery-and-evaluation-of-antimelanoma-antibodies(34c0be73-e94a-4d3f-92b9-8888178c4cd2).html.

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Melanoma, a potentially lethal form of skin cancer, is widely thought to be immunogenic in nature. While numerous studies have examined T cell-mediated immune responses to melanoma and their therapeutic potential, there has been less focus on B cell-mediated immune responses and the tumor-reactive antibodies they produce. The aim of this work was three-fold: (1) to develop a methodology to detect antibodies secreted by human B cells that recognize melanoma cell surface proteins; (2) to evaluate the mature B cell repertoire of individuals with melanoma for antibody subclass composition and the presence and prevalence of anti-tumor antibodies; and (3) to study patient-derived antibodies and two engineered antibodies recognizing melanoma cells for their propensity to activate immune effector cells and their capacity to kill or restrict the growth of tumor cells. As part of this thesis, a novel tumor cell-based ELISA was developed for the detection of tumor-reactive antibodies. Utilizing this new assay, the presence and prevalence of melanoma-reactive IgG antibodies derived from ex vivo cultured peripheral blood B cells from a cohort of 21 patients with melanoma (Stage I, n=1; Stage II, n=8; Stage III, n=6; Stage IV, n=6) were compared to those from healthy volunteers (n=10). While B cells from melanoma patients secreted IgG antibody concentrations comparable to those from healthy volunteer B cell cultures, a significantly increased reactivity of antibodies derived from patients to primary and metastatic melanoma cells was measured compared to healthy volunteers (P<0.001). Interestingly, there was a significant reduction in antibody responses to melanoma with advancing disease stage that was not found to be solely due to a -ii-reduction in the B cell memory compartment size. Comparing IgG antibody subclass distribution among cutaneous tumors, patient lymph nodes and peripheral blood B cells all isolated from individuals with metastatic disease, elevated proportions of IgG4 subclass antibodies were observed in cutaneous tumors which present a novel finding of this thesis. These findings point to differentially polarized humoral immune responses in cutaneous tumor microenvironments. Lastly, an antibody derived from a patient was then selected and preliminary evaluations of reactivity and specificity to a range of melanoma cell lines and primary human melanocytes were conducted. Using a live cell imaging cytotoxicity assay, this patient-derived melanoma-specific antibody was observed to kill melanoma cells via antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity. Additionally, two engineered monoclonal antibodies recognizing a melanoma associated antigen were found to partially restrict tumor cell migration and adhesion and to kill melanoma cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity or phagocytosis. In summary, examining the humoral immune response to melanoma and the effector function of antibodies targeting melanoma cells provides insight into the discovery of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of melanoma.
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Książki na temat "Melanoma"

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Hargadon, Kristian M., red. Melanoma. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1205-7.

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Riker, Adam I., red. Melanoma. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9.

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Fisher, David E., i Boris C. Bastian, red. Melanoma. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7322-0.

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Kaufman, Howard L., i Janice M. Mehnert, red. Melanoma. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5.

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Borden, Ernest C., red. Melanoma. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-159-6.

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M, Mackie Rona, i British Council, red. Melanoma. Edinburgh: Published on behalf of the British Council by Churchill Livingstone, 1995.

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name, No. Melanoma. Totowa: Humana Press, Inc, 2002.

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National Cancer Institute (U.S.), red. Melanoma. [Bethesda, MD]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 1992.

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National Cancer Institute (U.S.), red. Melanoma. [Bethesda, MD]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 1992.

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Dickie, Lauren E. Melanoma. Bethesda, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 1988.

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Części książek na temat "Melanoma"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Melanom, auch: Melanoma". W Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 345–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_6403.

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Ruiz-Llorente, Lidia, María Jesús Ruiz-Rodríguez, Claudia Savini, Teresa González-Muñoz, Erica Riveiro-Falkenbach, José L. Rodríguez-Peralto, Héctor Peinado i Carmelo Bernabeu. "Correlation Between Endoglin and Malignant Phenotype in Human Melanoma Cells: Analysis of hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370 in Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles". W Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 253–72. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26163-3_14.

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AbstractEndoglin (CD105) is an auxiliary receptor of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family members that is expressed in human melanomas. It is heterogeneously expressed by primary and metastatic melanoma cells, and endoglin targeting as a therapeutic strategy for melanoma tumors is currently been explored. However, its involvement in tumor development and malignancy is not fully understood. Here, we find that endoglin expression correlates with malignancy of primary melanomas and cultured melanoma cell lines. Next, we have analyzed the effect of ectopic endoglin expression on two miRNAs (hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370), both involved in melanoma tumor progression and endoglin regulation. We show that compared with control cells, overexpression of endoglin in the WM-164 melanoma cell line induces; (i) a significant increase of hsa-mir-214 levels in small extracellular vesicles (EVs) as well as an increased trend in cells; and (ii) significantly lower levels of hsa-mir-370 in the EVs fractions, whereas no significant differences were found in cells. As hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370 are not just involved in melanoma tumor progression, but they can also target endoglin-expressing endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature, these results suggest a complex and differential regulatory mechanism involving the intracellular and extracellular signaling of hsa-mir-214 and hsa-mir-370 in melanoma development and progression.
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Thompson, John F., Richard Kefford, Graham Stevens i Richard Scolyer. "History of Melanoma". W Melanoma, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_1.

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Elmslie, Paul. "International Models of Melanoma Management (Australia)". W Melanoma, 159–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_10.

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Wassef, Cindy, Lea J. Bellomo i David I. Silverstein. "Pigmented Lesions: Biopsy Methods and Emerging Non-invasive Imaging Techniques". W Melanoma, 177–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_11.

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Messina, Jane L., i Rahel A. John. "The Pathology of Melanoma". W Melanoma, 193–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_12.

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Kumar, Radhika Sreeraman, Jane L. Messina, Damon R. Reed i Vernon K. Sondak. "Pediatric Melanoma and Atypical Melanocytic Neoplasms". W Melanoma, 213–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_13.

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Walker, Joanna L., Annie Wang, George Kroumpouzos i Martin A. Weinstock. "Melanoma in Pregnancy". W Melanoma, 239–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_14.

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Mikkelsen, Lauge Hjorth, i Steffen Heegaard. "Mucosal Melanoma". W Melanoma, 253–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_15.

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Milam, Ronald W., i Anthony B. Daniels. "Uveal Melanoma". W Melanoma, 273–312. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78310-9_16.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Melanoma"

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Marijanović, Inga, Teo Buhovac i Gordana Berić Jović. "KEMOTERAPIJA U LIJEČENJU METASTATSKOG MELANOMA". W Okrugli sto s međunarodnim učešćem "Melanom". Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2019.180.03.

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Melanom je zloćudni tumor pigmentiranih stanica kože – melanocita. Riječ je o tumoru kože s najvećom smrtnošću. Incidencija melanoma je u porastu. Današnji standard liječenja metastatskog melanoma u svijetu je primjena terapije u vidu monoklonskih protutijela – ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab i tzv. ciljane terapije vemurafenibom i dabrafenibom s dodatkom MEK inhibitora (kobimetinib, trametinib) u slučaju BRAF mutacije. U mnogim dijelovima svijeta navedena terapija nije dostupna. U Bosni i Hercegovini se u novije vrijeme uvode u upotrebu gore navedene terapije, međutim kemoterapija se i dalje primjenjuje kod velikog broja pacijenata s metastatskim melanomom. Iako istraživanja nisu pokazala benefit u preživljenju u pacijenata s metastatskim melanomom liječenih kemoterapijom, postoji više citostatika koji su pokazali stopu odgovora između 10% i 20%. Moguća je i kombinacija kemoterapije s biološkom terapijom interferonom ili interleukinom 2. Cilj ovog članka je pokazati koje su terapijske opcije primjenjive u pacijenata u zemljama u kojim standardna terapija za metastatski melanom nije široko dostupna te kakav je učinak navedene terapije.
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Šimić, Dubravka, Maja Vujica, Jasna Zeljko Penavić, Marina Prlić i Anita Gunarić. "POVEZANOST ČIMBENIKA RIZIKA I UČESTALOSTI OBOLIJEVANJA OD MELANOMA KOŽE". W Okrugli sto s međunarodnim učešćem "Melanom". Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2019.180.01.

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Uvod. Melanom (lat. melanoma) je rjeđi od nemelanomskih tumora kože, ali je nepredvidivog ponašanja i veće smrtnosti. U nastanku, kasnije i u razvoju melanoma važnu ulogu imaju dob i spol, debljina promjene, izloženost ultraljubičastom zračenju i opekotine nastale nakon izlaganja suncu, te obiteljsko naslijeđe. Cilj: Cilj rada je istražiti rizične čimbenike u nastanku melanoma i učestalost obolijevanja u Sveučilišnoj kliničkoj bolnici u Mostaru. Materijali i metode. U istraživanje su uključeni bolesnici s melanomom koji se liječe u Klinici za kožne i spolne bolesti Sveučilišne kliničke bolnice Mostar, kojima je od 2012. do 2016. histološki potvrđena dijagnoza bolesti, ukupno 104 bolesnika. Rezultati. Srednja dob bolesnika je X̅=55,11. Nije dokazana statistički značajna razlika u obolijevanju između spolova. Najčešći smještaj melanoma je na leđima (34,3%). Nije dokazana statistički značajna povezanost između smještaja melanoma i dobnih skupina (p=0,356), niti između spolova i debljine melanoma po Breslowu (p=0,222). Najčešća debljina po Breslowu je 5 (46,3 %). Najučestaliji je tip kože 2 (62%), s opekotinama kao posljedicom izlaganja suncu (73,9%), nastalim većinom u djetinjstvu (68,3%). Većina oboljelih ima negativnu obiteljsku anamnezu za melanom (94,2 %). Zaključak. Melanom se najčešće pojavljuje u ljudi svjetlije puti (tip kože 2), na leđima, u šestom desetljeću života, podjednako u oba spola. Najučestaliji je nodularni oblik melanoma, debljine 5 po Breslow-u. Melanom je češći kod osoba koje su u djetinjstvu imali opekotine kao posljedicu neprimjerenog izlaganja suncu. Nije pronađena statistički značajna povezanost obolijevanja od melanoma i obiteljske anamneze.
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Fočo, Faris, Aiša Rašiti i Salih Saračević. "MELANOMI MAKSILOFACIJALNE REGIJE – EPIDEMIOLOŠKE I KLINIČKE KARAKTERISTIKE PACIJENATA S HIRURŠKI TRETIRANIM MELANOMOM". W Okrugli sto s međunarodnim učešćem "Melanom". Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2019.180.05.

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Uvod. Ciljevi istraživanja su prikazati podatke i rezultate dijagnoze i tretmana melanoma maksilofacijalne regije, evidentirane u desetogodišnjem periodu (2007–2017), prikazati spolnu i starosnu strukturu pacijenata s melanomom maksilofacijalne regije, uporediti stadije bolesti prema TNM klasifikaciji i korelirati ih s Breslow i Clark klasifikacijama, korelirati prisustvo ili odsustvo limfovaskularne invazije sa stadijima bolesti prema TNM klasifikaciji, broj recidiva bolesti korelirati sa stadijima bolesti po TNM klasifikaciji. Materijal i metode. Provedena je retrospektivna studija. U studiju su uključeni pacijenti s hirurški tretiranim melanomom maksilofacijalne regije liječeni u Kliničkom centru Univerziteta u Sarajevu na Klinici za maksilofacijalnu hirurgiju, u periodu od 2007. do 2017. godine. Rezultati. Od ukupnog broja hirurški tretiranih novih slučajeva melanoma maksilofacijalne regije (n=55) u desetogodišnjem periodu, 29 pacijenata (52,7%) su muškog spola. Postoji statistički značajna povezanost između muškog spola i smrtnog ishoda, χ2 (1)=4.097, p=0,043. S provedenim Hi-kvadrat testom i post-hoc analizom utvrđeno je postojanje statistički značajne razlike u medijani površine i veličine melanoma u odnosu na limfovaskularnu invaziju odstranjenje promjene, χ2 (2)=11.404, p=0,003, odnosno post-hoc kod melanoma bez limfovaskularne invazije (108 mm2 , IQR=35 to 266) i s limfovaskularnom invazijom (400 mm2 , 97,5 to 900) (p=0.003). Postoji statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija između TNM klasifikacije i broja relapsa bolesti, rs (52)=0,465, p=0,001, te postoji statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija između stadija bolesti prema TNM klasifikaciji i Breslow klasifikacije, rs (54)=0,679, p<0.001. Zaključci. Terapijski izbor u liječenju melanoma je hirurško odstranjenje tumora u cijelosti Melanom 59 uz patohistološku analizu. Gotovo podjednak broj pacijenata oboljelih od melanoma glave i vrata su i muškog i ženskog spola, pri čemu muški pacijenti imaju veću stopu smrtnosti. Biopsija, kao metoda uzimanja uzorka, nije kontraindicirana. Melanomi glave i vrata okarakterisani kao Breslow T1 i Clark I i II imaju dobru prognozu, s visokim stepenom izlječenja i niskom stopom relapsa bolesti. Stadij 3. i 4. bolesti prema TNM klasifikaciji u direktnoj su vezi s višom Breslow klasifikacijom, a istovremeno povećavaju i broj relapsa bolesti. I prisustvo limfovaskularne invazije u direktnoj je vezi sa stadijem bolesti prema TNM klasifikaciji.
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Sachett, Mariana Linhares, GIANCARLLO DANEZI FELIN, GIULLIANO DANEZI FELIN, CAROLLINA DANEZI FELIN i FELLIPE DANEZI FELIN. "GENÉTICA MOLECULAR DO MELANOMA MALÍGNO: UM ALVO TERAPÊUTICO". W I Congresso Nacional de Pesquisas e Estudos Genéticos On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/geneticon/9012.

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Introdução: O melanoma maligno corresponde a 4% das neoplasias malignas da pele e é responsável por 90% dos óbitos por câncer nesse sítio primário. A alta mortalidade torna seu estudo altamente relevante. Até por volta de 2011, as estratégias antineoplásicas disponíveis para o melanoma avançado eram limitadas. Objetivos: Elucidar a importância da genética molecular na escolha do tratamento antineoplásico do melanoma maligno. Metodologia: Revisão de literatura através de pesquisa de artigos realizada na base de dados MEDLINE, via PubMed, utilizando-se os seguintes termos DeCS/ MeHS: "melanoma" [AND] “molecular targeted therapy" [AND] "immunotherapy”. Ao usar os filtros “textos completos” e “1 ano” foram encontrados 36 resultados. Após aplicados os critérios de inclusão (texto completo, 1 ano e adequação a temática proposta) e de exclusão (todos que não atendessem aos critérios de inclusão e artigos duplicados), foram selecionados 9 artigos para compor essa revisão. Realizada a extração dos dados e análise para redação da revisão. Resultados: Aproximadamente 50% dos melanomas malignos exibem mutação BRAF, enquanto que 20% apresentam mutação NRAS e mais raramente, mutação cKit. A identificação do tipo de mutação associada ao melanoma é de extremo valor, pois é capaz de direcionar para uma forma distinta de terapia alvo molecular (TAM) e ou imunoterapia (IMT), em especial nos casos avançados. Melanomas metastáticos com mutação BRAF tem indicação terapêutica do uso de TAM combinada com utilização de inibidores BRAF e inibidores MEK, devendo ainda ser associada a IMT através dos inibidores do checkpoint imunológico (anti-PD-1 e anti-CTLA-4). Conclusão: Através dessa revisão de literatura foi possível identificar que as bases genéticas e moleculares que compõem o genótipo maligno do melanoma, determinam novas promissoras terapias adjuvantes, o que inclui a TAM e a IMT para casos avançados. Portanto, foi possível elucidar a importância da genética molecular do melanoma para o seu tratamento oncológico adequado. Adicionalmente, foi possível reconhecer que a TAM e a IMT são indicações limitadas ao melanoma metastático com mutação BRAF detectada, permanecendo as incertezas em relação aos casos que não são avançados e que exibem mutações detectadas.
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M, Janani, i Gershom King Rose J. k. "Highly Accurate Deep Learning PNN Classifier Based Skin Cancer and Depth Analysis". W The International Conference on scientific innovations in Science, Technology, and Management. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Engineering and Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59544/iykv7105/ngcesi23p39.

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Melanoma cancer is a type of skin cancer and is the most dangerous one because it causes the most of skin cancer deaths. Melanoma comes from melanocyte cells, melanin producing cells, so that melanomas are generally brown or black colored. Melanomas are mostly caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation that damages the DNA of skin cells. The diagnoses of melanoma cancer are often performed manually by using visuals of the skilled doctors, analyzing the result of Dermoscopy examination and match it with medical sciences. Manual detection weakness is highly influenced by human subjectivity that makes it inconsistent in certain conditions. Therefore, a computer assisted technology is needed to help classifying the results of Dermoscopy examination and to deduce the results more accurately with a relatively faster time. The making of this application starts with problem analysis, design, implementation, and testing. This application uses deep learning technology with Probabilistic Neural Network method and LeNet-5 architecture for classifying image data.
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Pessanha, Gabriel R. G., i Eleanderson Campos. "Um Modelo de Inteligência Artificial Para Detecção de Melanoma via Redes Neurais Convolucionais". W Escola Regional de Computação Aplicada à Saúde. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/ercas.2021.17436.

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Neste artigo é proposto um modelo de inteligência artificial (IA) baseado em redes neurais convolucionais (RNC) para classificação de melanomas e nevos displásicos em imagens dermatoscópicas. Com um alto risco de provocar metástase, o melanoma figura como o mais grave tipo de neoplasia cutânea. No entanto, sua detecção precoce eleva consideravelmente a probabilidade de um prognóstico favorável, sendo essa a premissa que motiva este estudo. Com um desempenho satisfatório em termos de sensibilidade (0,81 ± 0.02) e especificidade (0,96 ± 0.03), concluímos que o modelo de RNC proposto pode ser uma ferramenta valiosa no apoio ao diagnóstico clínico de melanoma.
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Alamdari, Nasim, Nicholas MacKinnon, Fartash Vasefi, Reza Fazel-Rezai, Minhal Alhashim, Alireza Akhbardeh, Daniel L. Farkas i Kouhyar Tavakolian. "Effect of Lesion Segmentation in Melanoma Diagnosis for a Mobile Health Application". W 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3522.

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In 2016, more than 76,380 new melanoma cases were diagnosed and 10,130 people were expected to die from skin cancer in the United States (one death per hour) [1]. A recent study demonstrates that the economic burden of skin cancer treatment is substantial and, in the United States, the cost was increased from $3.6 billion in 2002–2006 to $8.1 billion in 2007–2011 [2]. Monitoring moderate and high-risk patients and identifying melanoma in the earliest stage of disease should save lives and greatly diminish the cost of treatment. In this project, we are focused on detection and monitoring of new potential melanoma sites with medium/high risk patients. We believe those patients have a serious need and they need to be motivated to be engaged in their treatment plan. High-risk patients are more likely to be engaged with their skin health and their health care providers (physicians). Considering the high morbidity and mortality of melanoma, these patients are motivated to spend money on low-cost mobile device technology, either from their own pocket or through their health care provider if it helps reduce their risk with early detection and treatment. We believe that there is a role for mobile device imaging tools in the management of melanoma risk, if they are based on clinically validated technology that supports the existing needs of patients and the health care system. In a study issued in the British Journal of Dermatology [2] of 39 melanoma apps [2], five requested to do risk assessment, while nine mentioned images for expert review. The rest fell into the documentation and education categories. This seems like to be reliable with other dermatology apps available on the market. In a study at University of Pittsburgh [3], Ferris et al. established 4 apps with 188 clinically validated skin lesions images. From images, 60 of them were melanomas. Three of four apps tested misclassified +30% of melanomas as benign. The fourth app was more accurate and it depended on dermatologist interpretation. These results raise questions about proper use of smartphones in diagnosis and treatment of the patients and how dermatologists can effectively involve with these tools. In this study, we used a MATLAB (The MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA) based image processing algorithm that uses an RGB color dermoscopy image as an input and classifies malignant melanoma versus benign lesions based on prior training data using the AdaBoost classifier [5]. We compared the classifier accuracy when lesion boundaries are detected using supervised and unsupervised segmentation. We have found that improving the lesion boundary detection accuracy provides significant improvement on melanoma classification outcome in the patient data.
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Huang, Xiyong, Michael D. Protheroe, Ahmed M. Al-Jumaily i Sharad P. Paul. "The Significance of Hair Thermal Diffusivity on Melanoma Incidence". W ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71693.

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There is an increased risk of melanoma in adulthood when a child (pre-puberty) has been exposed to high levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). It has also been hypothesized that the childhood body air (vellus hair) plays a role in the increased incidence of melanoma later in life. This is attributed to the fact that the vellus hair has properties and physiology which encourage the transmission of harmful energy into the follicle of the hair and ultimately cause damage to the stem cells in residence there. Later in life these damaged stem cells become involved in the generation of melanomas in the epidermis. It has been debated whether the UVR or the heat generated by it is the main contributor to melanoma occurrence. This research is the first step in investigating this phenomenon by focusing on the contribution of changes in thermal characteristics on the incidence of melanoma. To test the hypothesis that child hair can transmit energy more easily than adult hair the transient electro-thermal technique is used to determine the thermal diffusivity of the hair. This involved subjecting platinum coated hair samples to a current pulse and measuring the subsequent voltage response in the sample. Results show that the child hair has a thermal diffusivity around two times higher than adult hair, thus supporting the hypothesis. Further research will be needed, in particular, quantifying the optical transmission characteristics of child hair compared to adult hair.
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Ross, Maria Laura da Rosa Dal, Vinícius Rosa Dos Santos, Luísa Sant Anna Blaskoski Cardoso i Julia Da Costa Cunha. "MELANOMA AMELANÓTICO EM FELINO: RELATO DE CASO". W I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1933.

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Introdução: As neoplasias na cavidade oral representam cerca de 5% de todas as neoformações encontradas em caninos e felinos. O termo melanoma é utilizado quando há uma neoplasia maligna dos melanócitos. Os melanomas amelanóticos são aqueles em que não há pigmentação. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um felino fêmea, sem raça definida, de 8 anos com uma neoplasia no ramo mandibular direito, identificada em um estudo radiográfico e, posteriormente, diagnosticada como melanoma amelanótico, pelo exame histopatológico. O paciente apresentava perda de peso e variações no apetite. Ao exame físico notou-se a presença de uma massa em cavidade oral no ramo mandibular direito, além disso o paciente apresentava sialorréia leve e as mucosas pálidas. Foi indicado uma radiografia de crânio, o qual mostrou um aumento de tecidos moles concomitante com áreas de lise óssea no ramo mandibular direito, discreta proliferação no periósteo na porção ventral do ramo e deslocamento dorsal do molar inferior. Materiais e Métodos: Os tratamentos de eleição foram a eletroquimioterapia e posteriormente uma cirurgia de excisão do neoplasma. O diagnóstico definitivo de neoplasias de células pouco diferenciadas é feito com o auxílio dos exames histopatológico e imunohistoquímico. Resultados: Ocorreu a coleta do material para o exame histopatológico, o qual mostrou fragmentos apresentando neoplasia maligna invadindo difusamente a submucosa e o tecido muscular adjacente. O diagnóstico definitivo foi de melanoma amelanótico. Após alguns meses, a paciente retornou com a queixa inicial de prostração, à análise física notou-se feridas na região onde houvera a excisão da neoplasia, levando a suspeita de uma possível recidiva tumoral. Solicitou-se uma nova radiografia de crânio, que apontou perda de densidade óssea no ramo mandibular direito, área onde havia, anteriormente, o melanoma. Após diagnóstico de confirmação e devido a complicações no quadro clínico do paciente, e o possível prognóstico desfavorável foi realizada a eutanásia. Conclusão: Por ser extremamente raro na cavidade oral de felinos, os dados quanto à predisposição de melanoma nessa espécie são escassos, portanto, o presente relato corrobora para novos estudos quanto à patogenia e comportamento desse tipo de neoplasia.
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Oliveira, Viviane Marques de, Thays M. Brandão, Samantha Rocha i Moara Rocha. "MELANOMA PALPEBRAL EM CÃES: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA". W I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1907.

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Introdução: Em cães as neoplasias oculares têm sido relatadas com maior frequência em oftalmologia veterinária. As pálpebras são divididas em superior, inferior e membrana nictitante, e sua função principal é a proteção do bulbo ocular entre outras. Uma neoformação pode ocasionar deformações como consequência e até leões corneais. Assim, podem ser agressivos devido ao seu potencial metastático e comportamento biológico neoplásico. As neoplasias em conjuntiva melanociticas em cães, apesar de pouco comuns, quando diagnosticados podem ser maligno (melanoma) e benigno (melanocitoma), representando 81% e 19 % respectivamente. Algumas raças são mais acometidas como: Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, Rottweiler e Cocker Spaniel. O diagnóstico é através do exame oftalmológico completo e exames como o histopatológico, onde é avaliado atipia celular e índice mitótico como diagnóstico diferencial. O tratamento é estritamente cirúrgico, como a exérese. Neste contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre os aspectos gerais e histopatológicos sobre melanoma na espécie canina. Materiais e Métodos: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva a fim de atender os objetivos propostos. Foram analisados leituras de periódicos, revistas, trabalhos e artigos eletrônicos indexados sobre o tema. Resultados: A partir da análise dos estudos, o melanoma tem maior incidência em cães com idade avançada, entre 8 e 10 anos, o local de predileção a superfície bulbar da terceira pálpebra. O melanocitoma pode apresentar em superfície palpebral, bulbar e terceira pálpebra. Dentre os sinais clínicos podem apresentar uveíte, endoftalmite por necrose tumoral e massa visível. Histopalogicamente, o melanoma da conjuntiva, apresentam-se como massas bastantes pigmentadas ou não, por melanócitos (melânicas ou amelânicas) , pendiculadas ou não e/ou ulceradas. Nestas células neoplásicas é possível observar elas infiltrando a derme e tecido subcutâneo, são fusiformes / redondas. Contudo os melanomas malignos podem ter alto índice mitótico, mas já relatado em literatura podem ser amelânicos com baixa atividade mitótica, porém quando malignos podem se apresentar alto poder infiltrativo e invasivo. Conclusão: Tendo em vista a correlação direta entre o potencial metastático e índice mitótico sendo melânico ou amelânico, o uso do histopatológico tem sido uma ferramenta essencial definição do tratamento e sobrevida do paciente.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Melanoma"

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Quinn, Thomas, i Herbert Moore. Targeted Therapy for Melanoma. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1334319.

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Marchetti, Dario. Heparanase Mechanisms in Melanoma Brain Metastasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, sierpień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613639.

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Shy, C. M., H. Checkoway i E. G. Marshall. Malignant melanoma at a scientific laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6041000.

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Marchetti, Dario. Heparanase Mechanisms in Melanoma Brain Metastasis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, sierpień 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598581.

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Libermann, Towia. Testing New Drugs for Treatment of Melanoma Patients Applying Connectivity Map Database Analysis with Melanoma Gene Signatures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, październik 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada592898.

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Wu, Xu. Targeting Palmitoyl Acyltransferases in Mutant NRAS-Driven Melanoma. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, sierpień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613837.

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Biggs, M. W., i J. E. Eiselein. Immunotherapy of metastatic melanoma by reversal of immune suppression. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/454026.

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Ornellas, Antonio Augusto, i Gustavo Rushci Bechara. Melanoma primario de pene y tratamiento en estadios tempranos. Buenos Aires: siicsalud.com, czerwiec 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21840/siic/155447.

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Mellotte, Gregory, Diya Sabu, Mary O'Reilly, Anthony O'Connor, Ray McDermott i Barbara Ryan. The Challenge of Primary Gastric Melanoma: A Systemic Review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, lipiec 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.7.0020.

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Faller, Douglas V. Targeting N-RAS as a Therapeutic Approach for Melanoma. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, październik 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada603216.

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