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Nunes, Rodolfo de Melo. "AvaliaÃÃo qualitativa e quantitativa de glicosaminoglicanos em pacientes com osteoartrite". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14124.
Pełny tekst źródłaA cartilagem articular à um tecido avascular constituÃdo por condrÃcitos dispersos em uma matriz extracelular abundante (MEC) que reveste as superfÃcies articulares e protege as extremidades Ãsseas. AlÃm do fluido intersticial, a MEC à composta por proteoglicanos, glicosaminoglicanos (GAGs) e glicoproteÃnas. DoenÃas articulares, como a osteoartrite (OA), promovem a degradaÃÃo da cartilagem articular e esclerose do osso subcondral, levando à dor crÃnica e comprometimento funcional das articulaÃÃes. Neste contexto, a quantificaÃÃo de GAGs à utilizada para estudar o papel das alteraÃÃes fisiolÃgicas ou patolÃgicas da cartilagem articular. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as alteraÃÃes bioquÃmicas da cartilagem articular humana e de rato com ou sem a OA. As cartilagens humanas foram obtidas de pacientes submetidos à artroplastia por OA ou por fratura. Ratos Wistar machos (150-180g) foram submetidos à osteoartrite experimental que consiste na transecÃÃo do ligamento cruzado anterior (TLCA). Grupo sham foi submetido apenas ao procedimento cirÃrgico, sem transecÃÃo. Inicialmente, as amostras de cartilagem foram submetidas à aÃÃo do complex enzimÃtico PROLAV 750R, obtendo-se ao final do processo, os GAGs. Esses foram identificados e quantificados em gel de agarose (0,6%) e a massa molar foi avaliada em gel de poliacrilamida (6% w/v). Os resultados foram expressos como mÃdia  erro padrÃo da mÃdia (e.p.m.), submetidos à ANOVA e teste de Tukey (P<0,05) ou teste âtâ de Student (P<0,05). Em ratos, o rendimento da degradaÃÃo da cartilagem pela PROLAV 750R foi significativamente diminuÃda apÃs 70 dias de TLCA (P<0,05). Quanto à quantificaÃÃo de GAGs, houve um aumento significativo do conteÃdo de GAGs apÃs 70 dias de TLCA. Em humanos, o percentual de massa degradada pela PROLAV foi reduzida na presenÃa de OA. Os pacientes com OA com idade inferior a 80 anos apresentaram aumento significativo da quantidade de GAGs, quando comparado ao grupo controle. Quanto à mobilidade eletroforÃtica, GAGs de pacientes com OA apresentaram alteraÃÃo da massa molar. Esses achados mostram que tanto a cartilagem proveniente de pacientes acometidos por OA quanto animais submetidos à OA experimental apresentam menor rendimento à degradaÃÃo enzimÃtica, aumento da quantidade de CS e alteraÃÃo da massa molar.
Articular cartilage is na avascular tissue composed of chondrocytes scattered in an abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) that lines the joint surfaces and protects the bone ends. In addition to the intersticial fluid, the ECM is composed of proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and glycoproteins. Joint diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA), promote the degradation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone sclerosis, leading to chronic pain and functional impairment of the joints. In this context, the quantification of GAGs is used as a means to study the physiological or pathological changes of articular cartilage. The objective this study was to evaluate the biochemical changes of the articular cartilage of human and rat normal or affected by OA. The human cartilage were obtained from patients submitted to arthroplasty for OA or fracture. Male Wistar rats (150-180g) were submitted to the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Sham group was submitted to only to surgery without transection. Initialy, the cartilage samples were submitted to the action of the enzymatic complex PROLAV 750R, getting to the end of the process, the GAGs. These were identified and quantified in agarose gel (0.6%) and molar mass was assessed in polyacrylamide gel (6% w/v). The results were expressed as mean  standard error of mean (S.E.M.) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukeyâs test (P<0.05) or âtâ test of Student (P<0.05).In rats, the effective proteolysis was significantly decreased after 70 days of ACLT (P<0.05). In the quantification of GAGs, there was a significant increase in GAG content after 70 days of ACLT. In humans, the percentage of mass degraded by PROLAV was altered by presence of OA. The OA patients under 80 years of age showed a significant increase in the amount of GAGs compared to the control group. In the electrophoretic mobility, GAGs of patients with OA showed abnormalities of the molar mass. These findings show that both cartilage from patients affected by OA as experimental animals subjected to OA have lower effective proteolysis, increasing the amount of CS and alteration of the molar mass.
Reis, Kelly. "Substitutos ósseos na medicina dentária: revisão sistemática e meta-análise quantitativa - aloplásticos versus xenógenos". Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5068.
Pełny tekst źródłaMuitos são os materiais utilizados atualmente para regeneração óssea na área da medicina dentária e, dentre os materiais mais utilizados, é possível citar os materiais de origem xenógena e os materiais aloplásticos. Os defeitos ósseos congênitos ou adquiridos, seja por problemas periodontais, perda óssea em consequência de edentulismo parcial ou total, traumatismos, necessidade de elevação do seio maxilar e outras situações onde as bases ósseas são finas ou estreitas para a colocação de implantes, têm promovido constantes estudos nessa área e a necessidade crescente em melhorar o processo de regeneração óssea e osteointegração tem elevado os esforços na busca por materiais sintéticos cada vez mais biocompatíveis, de fácil manuseio, moldáveis e, principalmente com propriedades cada vez mais osteogênicas. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo a revisão sistemática da literatura, publicada nos últimos 10 (dez) anos, com foco nos estudos comparativos entre os diferentes materiais aloplásticos e xenógenos existentes para a regeneração óssea. As publicações selecionadas utilizaram materiais aloplásticos e xenógenos no mesmo estudo e incluiram análise histomorfométrica, com a percentagem de volume ósseo formado, para a compararação dos resultados. A hipótese que esse trabalho propôs responder é se há diferenças significativas entre os materiais xenógenos e os sintéticos, quando se aplica como principal requisito o volume de novo osso formado com esses materiais, sendo que H0 é que não há diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os materiais de regeneração óssea analisados. A variety of materials for bone regeneration are used in modern dental and maxillofacial surgeries. Among the materials most used are xenograft and synthetic materials. Congenital or acquired bone defects, such as periodontal diseases, bone loss from partial or total edentulism, trauma, the necessity of sinus augmentation or other situations where the bone is too thin to have implants loaded have lead the researchers to pursue their investigations into the development of new synthetic materials that enhance the process of bone regeneration and osteointegration. These materials also increase biocompatibility, ease of handling and moldability and improve the osteogenesis process. The objective of this paper is to do a systematic review and a meta-analysis between different types of xenogenous and synthetic graft materials investigated through comparative studies published in the last 10 years. All the included publications had to be comparative studies with at least one synthetic cement material and one xenograft material, excluding membranes. To be included in this meta-analysis, the comparative studies had to include histomorphometry and had to measure the percentage of bone formation. For this study, it is hypothesized for H0 that there is no significant statistical differences between xenograft bone material and synthetic bone materials regarding the percentage volume of new bone growth.
VELOSO, NETO Humberto Fernandes. "Ultrassonografia quantitativa da degeneração testicular induzida em ovinos". Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2017. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/7136.
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In this thesis, made up of two experiments, in different processes of testicular degeneration in rams it was evaluated the efficiency of ultrasonography with the grayscale histogram technique. The First Experiment was carried out with the aim of monitoring the progression of induced ischemic degeneration validate analyzes of echogenicity and ecotexture patterns, also evaluating the scrotal perimeter and testicular volume. The males (n = 6), aged 11 and 18 months, underwent testicular biometry analysis to obtain the scrotal and testicular volume, and acquisition of ultrasound images were performed to determine echogenicity and echotexture values in the GIMP software 2.8® for determination of pre-ischemia patterns. The measurements of these parameters were performed before mechanical ischemia induced with burdizzo (D0) and on days 1 (D1), 4 (D4), 8 (D8), 16 (D16), 24 (D24), 35 (D35) and 50 (D50). The value of echogenicity in the healthy testicle was 105.01 ± 8.23 and that of the ecotexture by echo variation was 13.24 ± 0.88. The behavior of the echogenicity, represented by the numerical value of the pixel, showed that the mechanical impedance of the testicular irrigation exerted influence (P <0.05) already from the first day (D1) after this procedure, which continued in decline that was observed in D4 with a value of 50.11 ± 7.21 (P <0.05). It was remained the pixel value constant until the 35th day and was only recovered at the end of the experiment (D50), when the fibrosis process replaced. The tissues of the testicular parenchyma and provided a significant increase (P <0.05) in echogenicity to a value of 62.19 ± 7.15, similar to the value verified in D1 (P> 0.05). The behavior of the numerical value of the ecotexture, which was initially 13.24 ± 0.88, showed that only from the D4, there was an increase (P <0.05) in the homogeneity of the testicular parenchyma ecotexture relative to the D0 decreasing to values Of 11.01 ± 1.61. A fact also observed on the other days of evaluation, except for the one performed in the D50 that increased the heterogeinity to 14.42 ± 1.77. It is ended that for an acute lesion, echocardiographic values obtained by amplitude of echo variation is not sufficient to support a precise diagnostic evaluation, being necessary to correlate with the alteration of echogenicity values and that, macroscopically; testicular degeneration is characterized by the reduction of the scrotal perimeter and testicular volume. The Second Experiment aimed to evaluate the role of quantitative gray scale analysis in the ultrasonographic images of sheep testicles with scrotal insulation, accompanying their degeneration and recovery phases. We used six adult non - defined animals aged 18 to 20 months. We divided the experiment into three periods. It performed in the pre-insulation period, semen analysis, testicular biometry and ultrasonographic imaging for subsequent quantitative computational analysis of ecotexture and echogenicity using the gray histogram to establish a normality pattern. It placed in the scrotal insulation phase, tissue pouches, involving the scrotum, with a double wall and inner layer of hydrophobic cotton with about five mm. (D4I). We performed measurements of testicular biometric, spermogram, and ultrasonographic imaging. The post-insulation phase started with the withdrawal of the bags, it considered this day as day 0 and testicular measurements, semen collections, and testicular measurements and ultrasound monitoring were performed every seven days until the seminal parameters were recovered. In testicular biometry, the length and scrotal volume measurements decreased on the first day of the post-insulation period (P <0.05). Among the sperm parameters, a decrease (P <0.05) was observed, with 4 days of thermal stress of motility, vigor and turbulence, 35 ± 20.74%, 1.83 ± 0.75 (0-5), 2, 3 ± 0.47 (0-5) respectively, associated with a decrease in echogenicity, which was initially 100 ± 4.9 and 99.69 ± 5.3 pixel intensity. After four days of thermal stress, echogenicity had a Drop to values of 73.1 ± 14.2 (P <0.05) increase for values close to those of the pre-insulation period that occurred at 63 days post-insulation period. The ecotexture did not change in the values initially (P> 0.05) without variation in the ecotexture. Ecogenicity showed a precocity with respect to the other parameters in return to the standards defined in the preinsulation period. It was concluded that the induction of thermal stress was characterized by a reduction of testicular biometry, a decline in seminal quality and a decrease in pixel intensity in the ultrasound image, the latter being a sensitive parameter both in the acute phase together with motility, vigor and turbulence, and Testicular recovery, showing itself earlier than other parameters.
Nesta Tese, constituída de dois experimentos, avaliou-se a eficiência da ultrassonografia com a técnica de histograma da escala de cinza em diferentes processos de degeneração testicular em ovinos. O Primeiro Experimento foi conduzido objetivando-se acompanhar a progressão da degeneração isquêmica testicular induzida com intuito de validar as análises de padrões de ecogenicidade e ecotextura, avaliando-se também o perímetro escrotal e o volume testicular. Os machos (n=6), com idade 11 e 18 meses foram submetidos a análise de biometria testicular com obtenção do perímetro escrotal e volume testicular, e aquisição de imagens ultrassonográficas foram realizadas para determinação de valores de ecogenicidade e ecotextura no software GIMP 2.8® para determinação de padrões pré isquemia. As aferições desses parâmetros foram realizadas antes da isquemia mecânica induzida com burdizzo (D0) e nos dias 1 (D1), 4 (D4), 8 (D8), 16 (D16), 24 (D24), 35 (D35) e 50 (D50). O valor da ecogenicidade no testículo hígido foi de 105,01 ± 8,23 e o da ecotextura pela variação do eco foi de 13,24 ± 0,88. O comportamento da ecogenicidade, representado pelo valor numérico de pixel, mostrou que o impedimento mecânico da irrigação testicular exerceu influência (P < 0,05) já a partir do primeiro dia (D1) após o procedimento, o qual continuou em declínio que foi observado no D4 com valor de 50,11±7,21 (P < 0,05) O valor numérico de pixel manteve-se constante até o 35o dia, sendo apenas recuperado ao final do experimento (D50), quando o processo de fibrose substituiu os tecidos do parênquima testicular e proporcionou significativo aumento (P < 0,05) da ecogenicidade para valor de 62,19±7,15, semelhante ao valor verificado em D1 (P>0,05). O comportamento do valor numérico da ecotextura que inicialmente foi 13,24±0,88, mostrou que somente a partir do D4 ocorreu aumento (P < 0,05) da homogeneidade do parênquima testicular em relação ao D0 diminuindo para valores de 11,01±1,61, fato também verificado nos demais dias de avaliação, exceto aquela realizada no D50 que aumentou a heterogeneidade subindo para 14,42±1,77. Conclui-se que perante uma lesão aguda, os valores da ecotextura obtidos pela amplitude de variação do eco não são suficientes para respaldar uma avaliação diagnóstica precisa, sendo necessário correlacionar à alteração dos valores da ecogenicidade e que macroscopicamente, a degeneração testicular se caracteriza pela redução significativa do perímetro escrotal e do volume testicular. O Segundo Experimento objetivou-se avaliar o papel da análise quantitativa da escala de cinza nas imagens ultrassonográficas de testículos de ovinos com insulação escrotal, acompanhando sua fase de degeneração e recuperação. Foram utilizados 6 animais adultos sem raça definida com idade entre 18 - 20 meses de idade. O experimento foi dividido em três períodos. No período pré-insulação, foram realizados exames de análise do sêmen, biometria testicular e aquisição de imagens ultrassonográficas para posterior análise computacional quantitativa da ecotextura e da ecogenicidade através do histograma de cinza e assim estabelecer um padrão de normalidade. Na fase de insulação escrotal, colocou-se bolsas de tecido, envolvendo o escroto, com dupla parede e camada interna de algodão hidrófobo com cerca de 5 mm de espessura tendo a duração de oito dias, ao quarto dia (D4I) realizou-se medidas da biometria testicular, espermograma e análises da imagens ultrassonográficas. A fase de pós-insulação iniciou com a retirada das bolsas sendo considerado este dia como o dia 0 e foram realizadas aferições testiculares, coletas de sêmen, aferição das medidas testiculares e acompanhamento ultrassonográfico a cada sete dias, até a recuperação dos parâmetros seminais. Na biometria testicular observou diminuição das medidas de comprimento e volume escrotal no primeiro dia do período pós-insulação (P < 0,05). Dentre os parâmetros espermáticos foram observados diminuição (P < 0,05), com 4 dias de estresse térmico da motilidade, vigor e turbilhonamento, 35±20,74 %, 1,83 ±0,75 (0-5), 2,3±0,47 (0-5) respectivamente, associado a uma diminuição da ecogenicidade, que incialmente era 100±4,9 e 99,69±5,3 de intensidade pixel. Após quatro dias de estresse térmico, a ecogenicidade teve uma queda para valores de 73,1±14,2 (P < 0,05) aumento para os valores próximos aos do período pré-insulação que ocorreu aos 63 dias do período pós-insulação. A ecotextura não apresentou variação nos valores inicialmente (P>0,05). Ecogenicidade demonstrou uma precocidade com relação aos outros parâmetros no retorno aos padrões definidos no período pré-insulação. Conclui-se portanto que a indução do estresse térmico caracterizou com redução da biometria testicular, declínio na qualidade seminal e diminuição da intensidade pixel na imagem ultrassonográfica, esta última sendo um parâmetro sensível tanto na fase aguda em conjunto a com motilidade, vigor e turbilhonamento quanto na recuperação testicular, mostrando-se mais precocemente que outros parâmetros.
Antonio, João Roberto. "Neurofibromatose: estudo genético-clínico, avaliação quantitativa dos mastócitos e dos componentes da matriz extracelular em neurofibromas". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2001. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/35.
Pełny tekst źródłaNeurofibromatosis (NF) is a neuroectodermal abnormality composed of a set of conditions having clinical manifestations which mainly affect the skin, eyes, bones, nervous system and eventually have repercussions on other internal organs. Its inheritance pattern is normally autosomally dominant and it has been considered one of the most frequent genetic diseases in the human race with a high penetration and variable expressiveness. This work studies the genetical-clinical aspects, makes a quantitative evaluation of the mastocytes and the extracellular matrix in neurofibromas in a group of thirty patients diagnosed with NF-1 and makes a comparison with a control group of ten normal individuals. The genetical-clinical evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of type 1 NF (NF-1) in all the patients. The main characteristics were neurofibromas, caféau-lait spots (CLS), Lisch nodules and axial or inguinal freckles. The multiple neurofibromas and Lisch nodules were considered to be exclusive to NF-1. Macrocephaly, in isolation, was not sufficient for the diagnosis of NF-1 and the other characteristics observed were considered complications. With the tissue from biopsies of both normal skin and neurofibromas of these patients, ten histologic sections were obtained. These were stained using hematoxylin-eosine, Gömöri trichrome, pricrosirius-hematoxylin, silver and iron-hematoxylin impregnation to evaluate the components of the extracellular matrix and staining using Toluidine blue to count the mastocytes. There was a significant increase in the number of mastocytes and the extracellular matrix was altered compared to the normal skin. This alteration was seen by the high cellularity associated with an increased density of fibrous components, specifically collagen type III, the scarcity or almost nonexistence of amorphous fundamental substance and the lack of elastic tissue. These findings seem to have an important role in the formation of neurofibromas and can help in the treatment of NF.
A Neurofibromatose (NF), é uma anormalidade neuroectodérmica constituída por um conjunto de condições com manifestações clínicas que comprometem principalmente a pele, olhos, ossos, sistema nervoso e, eventualmente, com repercussões aos outros órgãos internos. Seu padrão de herança é autossômica dominante e tem sido considerada uma das mais freqüente na espécie humana com penetrância elevada e expressividade variável. No presente trabalho, estudou-se os aspectos genético-clínicos, realizou-se a avaliação quantitativa dos mastócitos e da matriz extracelular em neurofibromas de um grupo de 30 pacientes diagnosticados como NF-1 e comparou-se com o grupo controle constituído de 10 indivíduos normais. A avaliação genético-clínica confirmou o diagnóstico de NF-1 em todos os pacientes. As características principais ou major foram os neurofibromas, MCCL, nódulo de Lisch e sardas axilares ou inguinais. Os neurofibromas múltiplos e os nódulos de Lisch foram considerados exclusivos de NF-1. A macrocefalia, quando isoladamente, não demonstrou ser suficiente para o diagnóstico de NF1 e as outras características foram consideradas como complicações. Em material obtido de biópsias de pele normal e de neurofibromas desses pacientes, realizou-se 10 cortes histológicos os quais foram submetidos às técnicas de coloração pela hematoxilina-eosina, tricrômio de gomori, tricrômio do pricrosirius-hematoxilina, impregnação pela prata e hematoxilinaférrica para a avaliação dos componentes da matriz extracelular e pela coloração com o azul de toluidina para a contagem de mastócitos. Houve diferença significativa no número dos mastócitos que encontraram-se aumentados e, quanto a matriz extracelular, apresentou-se alterada em comparação com a pele normal pela alta celularidade associada à elevada densidade dos componentes fibrosos, particularmente do colágeno tipo III, com escassez ou quase ausência de substância fundamental amorfa e ausência de material elástico. Tais achados parecem ter um papel significativo na formação dos neurofibromas e podem colaborar na terapêutica da NF.
Brognara, Lorenzo <1990>. "Medicina personalizzata e di precisione: ortesi sensorizzate stampate in 3D come strumento di diagnosi quantitativa e monitoraggio del movimento". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9110/1/tesi_dottorato_brognara%20%281%29.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this doctoral thesis is to demonstrate an innovative method that achieves a customized and sensorized shoe using an additive manufacturing process of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The recent technological advances and the development of new approaches in the creation of custom-made devices, such as rapid prototyping by means of laser scanning and additive printing, have highlighted the potential for a significant improvement in the production of these devices in terms of reproducibility, quality of the product and cost reduction. The reproducibility of the process and the validation of the device were based on the interaction of different competencies: clinical, biomechanical, material and design science. Following a study on the mechanical properties of existing materials and the improvement of the process for designing the customized prosthesis, a system was devised to create a space dedicated to sensors inside the orthoses. These prostheses, fitted with technological devices such as inertial, gravimetric, GPS and wireless transmission sensors, will be useful not only for improving the position of the foot (a sensory and motor organ of central importance for the biomechanical and postural-proprioceptive system of the human body) but will lead also as a quantitative and qualitative diagnostic tool, as well as a system for monitoring clinical results in the neurological, orthopaedic and rehabilitation fields.
Tomassoni, Federica <1972>. "Valutazione quantitativa dei recettori della somatostatina in tumori neuroendocrini e loro valutazione funzionale mediante nuovi analoghi della somatostatina in modelli cellulari". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/482/1/Tesi_Tomassoni_Federica.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaTomassoni, Federica <1972>. "Valutazione quantitativa dei recettori della somatostatina in tumori neuroendocrini e loro valutazione funzionale mediante nuovi analoghi della somatostatina in modelli cellulari". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/482/.
Pełny tekst źródłaNOVACK, Nicholas. "Densitometria óssea de gatas castradas e não castradas por tomografia computadorizada quantitativa". Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4734.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Quantitative computerized tomography (QCT) is a highly sensitive technique, applied accurately diagnose loss of bone mass, bone mineral densitometry call with great advantages over plain radiography, but the lack of it limiting values for its clinical application. This study had the following objectives: establishing mean values of radiodensity the vertebral body of the second lumbar vertebra through the TCQ in cats, aspects involved in the pathophysiology of osteopenia induced by castration; study effects of depletion of estrogens radiodensity evaluate the characteristics of the female feline species of each experimental group, between the entire young cats and castrated adult cats spayed and not more than 6 years in a total of 22 animals. Comparing the degree of normality for young adult cats, and related. Statistically diseases was proven to be a reduction of bone mass in castrated cats over 6 years second lumbar vertebra L2.
A tomografia computadorizada quantitativa (TCQ) é uma técnica de alta sensibilidade, aplicada com precisão no diagnóstico de perda de massa óssea, chamada de densitometria mineral óssea, com grandes vantagens em relação à radiografia simples, porém a falta de valores de normalidade é limitante para a sua aplicação clínica. O presente trabalho teve os seguintes objetivos: estabelecer valores médios da radiodensidade do corpo vertebral da segunda vértebra lombar, através da TCQ, em gatas, aspectos envolvidos na fisiopatologia da osteopenia induzida pela castração; estudar efeitos da depleção dos estrógenos e avaliar as características da radiodensidade das fêmeas da espécie felina de cada grupo experimental, entre as gatas jovens inteiras e as gatas adultas castradas e não castradas acima de 6 anos, em um total de 22 animais. Comparando o grau de normalidade para as gatas adultas jovens e as patologias relacionadas. Estatisticamente comprovou-se uma redução de massa óssea em gatas castrada com mais de 6 anos na segunda vértebra lombar L2.
KHOURY, Eliana Dirce Torres. "Exposição ao mercúrio: avaliação neurológica com ênfase na investigação somatossensorial quantitativa em ribeirinhos da Amazônia". Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/9206.
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Apesar das evidencias de níveis de exposição ao mercúrio capazes de produzirem danos neurológicos às comunidades ribeirinhas da bacia do rio Tapajós, poucos estudos clínicos avaliaram alterações de funções neurológicas, principalmente as somatossensoriais, consideradas como as manifestações iniciais da intoxicação por metilmercúrio. Neste estudo avaliaram-se os níveis atuais de exposição ao mercúrio e as manifestações somatossensoriais em ribeirinhos adultos residentes em comunidades situadas em diferentes regiões hidrográficas. Duas, na bacia do Tapajós e uma na bacia do Tocantins. Participaram do estudo 78 ribeirinhos em Barreiras, 30 em São Luís do Tapajós (bacia do Tapajós) e 49 no Furo do Maracujá (Tocantins), com idade entre 13 e 53 anos, de ambos os sexos. Concentrações de mercúrio total foram quantificadas em cabelo através da espectrofotometria de absorção atômica e a avaliação neurológica foi realizada por exame convencional e através de medidas quantitativas para sensibilidade tátil por monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein, sensibilidade vibratória e discriminação de dois pontos. As concentrações de mercúrio nas comunidades da bacia do Tapajós foram maiores que a do Tocantins (p<0,0001). A avaliação das alterações neurológicas não mostrou diferença significativa entre as comunidades das áreas exposta e controle para as alterações observadas através do exame neurológico convencional, exceto para desvio da marcha (p <0,05). Os limiares do tato por monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein, exceto para o peito esquerdo; vibração, exceto para o esterno superior, e da discriminação de dois pontos foram maiores nos indivíduos em área de exposição quando comparados com os da área controle (p<0,05). Na correlação dos limiares com as concentrações atuais do Hgtotal no cabelo, correspondência diretamente proporcional só foi observada para os limiares do tato por monofilamentos de Semmes-Weinstein do lábio inferior (p-valor<0,0001). Conclui-se que alterações somatossensoriais leves predominaram nas áreas de exposição ao metilmercúrio. Manutenção do monitoramento da exposição, orientação em relação às medidas de saúde pública e novos estudos clínicos utilizando testes somatossensoriais quantitativos são necessários para esclarecimento da ocorrência de casos clínicos de intoxicação nas áreas ribeirinhas contaminadas por mercúrio.
Despite evidence that exposure levels to mercury can produce neurological damage to the coastal communities of the Tapajos River basin, only a few clinical studies have assessed changes of neurological functions, especially somatosensory disturbance, considered as the initial manifestations of methylmercury poisoning. In this study we evaluated the current levels of exposure to mercury and sensory symptoms in adults from Riverside communities located in different river basins. Two in the Tapajós River basin and one in Tocantins basin. Participating in this study were 78 residents in Barreiras, 30 in São Luís do Tapajós (Tapajós River basin) and 49 in Furo do Maracujá (Tocantins basin), aged between 13 and 53 years, of both sexes. Total hair mercury concentrations were quantified by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the neurological evaluation was carried out by conventional examination and by quantitative measures for tactile sensation by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, vibration sensation and two points discrimination. Concentrations of mercury in the Tapajós River basin communities were higher than that of Tocantins (p<0.0001). The evaluation of neurological changes showed no significant difference between the communities of exposed areas and control for the changes observed by conventional neurological examination, except for gait deviation (p<0.05). Thresholds for tactile sensation by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments (except for the left chest), vibration sensation (except for the upper sternum) and discrimination of two points were higher in the subjects in the area of exposure when compared with those of the control area (p<0.05). On the correlation of the thresholds with current concentrations of Hgtotal in hair, directly proportional correlation was only observed for the thresholds of tactile sensation by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments of lower lip (p-value<0.0001). It is concluded that mild changes in the sensitivity thresholds were predominant in the areas of exposure to methylmercury. Maintenance of exposure monitoring, guidance on public health measures and new clinical studies using somatosensory quantitative measures are required for clarification of the occurrence of clinical cases of poisoning in riparian areas contaminated by mercury.
Bresciani, Louisiane Faccio Verani. "Análise qualitativa e quantitativa de metabólitos secundários e propriedades farmacológicas de quatro espécies de plantas medicinais da flora catarinense". Florianópolis, SC, 2003. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/84659.
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Nos últimos anos tem aumentado muito o uso de plantas medicinais na forma de chás, fitoterápicos e fitofármacos. A validação científica do efeito das plantas usadas na medicina popular, o controle de qualidade do material vegetal e dos fitoterápicos e a determinação de métodos ótimos de extração foram os pontos centrados como objetivo deste trabalho. As plantas estudadas foram: Wedelia paludosa, Adiantum cuneatum, Calendula officinallis e Equisetum arvense.
PEREZ, Paula Marioto. "Padronização da técnica de análise quantitativa da aglutinação de diferentes mananoligossacarídeos a linhagens de E. Coli patogênicas". Universidade do Oeste Paulista, 2017. http://bdtd.unoeste.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/1048.
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The objective of this study was to standardize a quantitative technique to evaluate the in vitro capacity of agglutination of different mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) to the strain of Escherichia coli isolated from cases of infantile diarrhea in children from 0 to 5 years of age. The research for the expression of fimbria Type 1 present in the isolates was performed by the microhemoagglutination test. For the oligosaccharide agglutination assays three MOS markers were extracted from S. cerevisae, groups 1, 2 and 3, filtered through a microfilter, later diluted for surface sowing in chromogenic Agar E. coli. For microscopic evaluation of binder capacity of the MOS were subjected to slide agglutination tests. In order to estimate the total bacterial count (CBT), the counts of the three-plate set were calculated. Assumptions of homogeneity of variances and normality of data were validated, respectively, by the Levene and Shapiro-Wilk test. Homozygous variables were compared by analysis of variance in one way (ANOVA one-way), with contrasts by the Tukey method. Heterocedastic variables were compared with one-way ANOVA with application of the Welche contrast contrasts by the Games-Howell method. Correlations between CBTs, Titres hemagglutinants, diameters and areas of the globules were evaluated by the Pearson correlation test. All analyzes were conducted in software R, considering probability of error type 1 = 5% Of the 30 strains tested, 25 (83.3%) expressed hemagglutinating capacity with titers ranging from 1: 4 to 1: 16. The results suggest that the MOS showed effective action on the agglutination of the bacteria, since the estimates of CBTs of the strains treated with MOS were inferior the counts of the pure sample. The degree of agglutination may vary according to the composition of the MOS, since product 1 showed higher CBTs than the others, indicating that the agglutinated beads were not able to retain bacteria in the pores of the filters similarly to products 2 and 3. It was observed significant correlation between mannose-sensitive haemagglutination and MOS agglutination for products 1 and 2, suggesting that the intensity of bacterial agglutination may be related to the expression of type 1 fimbriae. It is concluded that the filtration and culture technique can be used to evaluate different degrees of agglutination of MOS products and the amount of bacteria retained in the filters appears to be more related to the expression of mano-sensitive type 1 fimbriae than to the sizes of the globules produced.
O objetivo deste estudo foi padronizar uma técnica quantitativa para avaliar a capacidade in vitro de aglutinação de diferentes mananoligossacarídeos (MOS) à cepa de Escherichia coli isoladas de casos de diarreia infantil, de crianças de 0 a 5 anos de vida. A pesquisa para a expressão da fímbria tipo 1 presente nos isolados foi realizada pelo teste de microhemoaglutinação. Para realização dos ensaios de aglutinação de oligossacarídeos utilizou-se três marcas comerciais de MOS, extraídos de S. cerevisae, grupos 1, 2 e 3, filtrados através de um microfiltro, posteriormente diluídos para semeadura superficial em Ágar cromogênico E. coli. Para avaliação microscópica da capacidade aglutinante do MOS foram submetidas a testes de aglutinação em lâmina.Para estimar a contagem bacteriana total (CBT), calculou-se a média das contagens do conjunto de três placas. Pressupostos de homogeneidade de variâncias e normalidade de dados foram validados, respectivamente, pelo teste de Levene e Shapiro-Wilk. Variáveis homocedásticas foram comparadas por análise de variância em uma via (ANOVA one-way), com contrastes pelo método de Tukey. Variáveis heterocedásticas foram comparadas com ANOVA one-way com aplicação da correção de Welche contrastes pelo método de Games-Howell. As correlações entre CBTs, Títulos hemaglutinantes, diâmetros e áreas dos glóbulos foram avaliados pelo teste de correlação de Pearson. Todas as análises foram conduzidas no software R, considerando-se probabilidade de erro tipo 1= 5%. Das 30 cepas testadas, 25 (83,3%) expressaram capacidade hemaglutinante com títulos variando entre 1:4 e 1:16. Os resultados sugerem que o MOS apresentou ação efetiva na aglutinação das bactérias, visto que as estimativas de CBTs das cepas tratadas com MOS foram inferiores as contagens da amostra pura. O grau de aglutinação pode variar segundo a composição do MOS, visto que o produto 1 apresentou CBTs superiores aos demais, denotando que os glóbulos aglutinados não foram capazes de reter bactérias nos poros dos filtros de forma similar aos produtos 2 e 3.Observou-se correlação significativa e negativa entre a hemaglutinação sensível à manose e aglutinação de MOS para os produtos 1 e 2, o que sugere que intensidade da aglutinação por bactérias pode estar relacionada a expressão de fímbrias do tipo 1. Conclui-se que a técnica de filtragem e cultura pode ser utilizada para avaliar diferentes graus de aglutinação de produtos a base de MOS e a quantidade de bactérias retidas nos filtros parece estar relacionada mais com a expressão de fímbrias tipo 1 mano-sensíveis do que com os tamanhos dos glóbulos produzidos.
PEREZ, Paula Marioto. "Técnica de filtragem em membrana para avaliação quantitativa da aglutinação de linhagens de E. Coli em mananoligossacarídeo". Universidade do Oeste Paulista, 2017. http://bdtd.unoeste.br:8080/jspui/handle/jspui/1064.
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The objective of this study was to standardize a quantitative technique to evaluate the in vitro capacity of agglutination of different mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) to the strain of Escherichia coli isolated from cases of infantile diarrhea in children from 0 to 5 years of age. The research for the expression of fimbria Type 1 present in the isolates was performed by the microhemoagglutination test. For the oligosaccharide agglutination assays three MOS markers were extracted from S. cerevisae, groups 1, 2 and 3, filtered through a microfilter, later diluted for surface sowing in chromogenic Agar E. coli. For microscopic evaluation of binder capacity of the MOS were subjected to slide agglutination tests. In order to estimate the total bacterial count (CBT), the counts of the three-plate set were calculated. Assumptions of homogeneity of variances and normality of data were validated, respectively, by the Levene and Shapiro-Wilk test. Homozygous variables were compared by analysis of variance in one way (ANOVA one-way), with contrasts by the Tukey method. Heterocedastic variables were compared with one-way ANOVA with application of the Welche contrast contrasts by the Games-Howell method. Correlations between CBTs, Titres hemagglutinants, diameters and areas of the globules were evaluated by the Pearson correlation test. All analyzes were conducted in software R, considering probability of error type 1 = 5% Of the 30 strains tested, 25 (83.3%) expressed hemagglutinating capacity with titers ranging from 1: 4 to 1: 16. The results suggest that the MOS showed effective action on the agglutination of the bacteria, since the estimates of CBTs of the strains treated with MOS were inferior the counts of the pure sample. The degree of agglutination may vary according to the composition of the MOS, since product 1 showed higher CBTs than the others, indicating that the agglutinated beads were not able to retain bacteria in the pores of the filters similarly to products 2 and 3. It was observed significant correlation between mannose-sensitive haemagglutination and MOS agglutination for products 1 and 2, suggesting that the intensity of bacterial agglutination may be related to the expression of type 1 fimbriae. It is concluded that the filtration and culture technique can be used to evaluate different degrees of agglutination of MOS products and the amount of bacteria retained in the filters appears to be more related to the expression of mano-sensitive type 1 fimbriae than to the sizes of the globules produced.
O objetivo deste estudo foi padronizar uma técnica quantitativa para avaliar a capacidade in vitro de aglutinação de diferentes mananoligossacarídeos (MOS) à cepa de Escherichia coli isoladas de casos de diarreia infantil, de crianças de 0 a 5 anos de vida. A pesquisa para a expressão da fímbria tipo 1 presente nos isolados foi realizada pelo teste de microhemoaglutinação. Para realização dos ensaios de aglutinação de oligossacarídeos utilizou-se três marcas comerciais de MOS, extraídos de S. cerevisae, grupos 1, 2 e 3, filtrados através de um microfiltro, posteriormente diluídos para semeadura superficial em Ágar cromogênico E. coli. Para avaliação microscópica da capacidade aglutinante do MOS foram submetidas a testes de aglutinação em lâmina.Para estimar a contagem bacteriana total (CBT), calculou-se a média das contagens do conjunto de três placas. Pressupostos de homogeneidade de variâncias e normalidade de dados foram validados, respectivamente, pelo teste de Levene e Shapiro-Wilk. Variáveis homocedásticas foram comparadas por análise de variância em uma via (ANOVA one-way), com contrastes pelo método de Tukey. Variáveis heterocedásticas foram comparadas com ANOVA one-way com aplicação da correção de Welche contrastes pelo método de Games-Howell. As correlações entre CBTs, Títulos hemaglutinantes, diâmetros e áreas dos glóbulos foram avaliados pelo teste de correlação de Pearson. Todas as análises foram conduzidas no software R, considerando-se probabilidade de erro tipo 1= 5%. Das 30 cepas testadas, 25 (83,3%) expressaram capacidade hemaglutinante com títulos variando entre 1:4 e 1:16. Os resultados sugerem que o MOS apresentou ação efetiva na aglutinação das bactérias, visto que as estimativas de CBTs das cepas tratadas com MOS foram inferiores as contagens da amostra pura. O grau de aglutinação pode variar segundo a composição do MOS, visto que o produto 1 apresentou CBTs superiores aos demais, denotando que os glóbulos aglutinados não foram capazes de reter bactérias nos poros dos filtros de forma similar aos produtos 2 e 3.Observou-se correlação significativa e negativa entre a hemaglutinação sensível à manose e aglutinação de MOS para os produtos 1 e 2, o que sugere que intensidade da aglutinação por bactérias pode estar relacionada a expressão de fímbrias do tipo 1. Conclui-se que a técnica de filtragem e cultura pode ser utilizada para avaliar diferentes graus de aglutinação de produtos a base de MOS e a quantidade de bactérias retidas nos filtros parece estar relacionada mais com a expressão de fímbrias tipo 1 mano-sensíveis do que com os tamanhos dos glóbulos produzidos.
Silva, Carlos Eduardo da. "Uso de fluoresceína sódica em tumores da base de crânio: um estudo experimental introdutório com análise quantitativa digital de contraste tumoral". Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4403.
Pełny tekst źródłaObjective: The authors present the first study with the use of sodium fluorescein (SF) to enhance skull base tumors and performed a quantitative digital analysis of the tumors enhancement. The study intends to observe the grade of tumor enhancement by SF. Methods: A prospective experimental within-subjects study design was performed including six patients with skull base lesions. Digital pictures were obtained before and after the SF systemic injection, using the same light-source of the microsurgical field. The pictures were analyzed by software, which calculated the wavelength of the sodium fluorescein pre and post injection. Results: The group of tumors was composed as it follows: 1 vestibular schwannoma, 3 meningiomas, 1 craniopharyngioma and 1 pituitary adenoma. The SF enhancement in all tumors was strongly positive. The digital analysis of the pictures, considering the SF wavelength pre and post injection, presented p=0. 028 (Wilcoxon T test).Conclusions: The enhancement of the tumors by SF was consistent and evident. The introductory results suggest the possibility of using SF as an adjuvant tool for the skull base surgery. Further studies should test the clinical application of the SF in skull base tumors.
Objetivo: Os autores apresentam o primeiro estudo com o uso de Fluoresceína Sódica (FS) para contrastar tumores da base do crânio e realizam uma análise quantitativa digital do contraste tumoral. O estudo tem por objetivo observar o grau de contraste tumoral pela FS.Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo experimental prospectivo com controle intragrupo, incluindo seis pacientes com lesões da base do crânio. Fotografias digitais foram realizadas antes e após a administração sistêmica de FS, utilizando a mesma fonte de iluminação do campo microcirúrgico. As fotografias pré e pós injeção de FS foram analisadas por um software, o qual calculou o comprimento de onda da FS nas respectivas imagens. Resultados: O grupo de tumores foi constituído por: 1 schwanoma vestibular, 3 meningeomas, 1 craniofaringeoma e 1 adenoma de hipófise. O contraste dos tumores pela FS foi fortemente positivo. A análise digital das fotografias, considerando os comprimentos de onda pré e pós injeção de FS, apresentou p=0,028 (Teste T de Wilcoxon).Conclusões: O contraste dos tumores pela FS foi consistente. Os resultados introdutórios sugerem a possibilidade de uso da FS como uma ferramenta adjuvante para a cirurgia da base de crânio. Estudos complementares são necessários para definir aplicação clínica da FS em tumores da base do crânio.
Ramella, Márcio Vargas. "Caracterização quantitativa, qualitativa e higiênico sanitária do leite ovino na região oeste do estado de Santa Catarina". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/875.
Pełny tekst źródłaMost of ovine milk ´roduced worldwide is processed in dairy products, for this reason their quality is measured by rechnological properties, which are markedly affected by the composition, as well as the microbiological count. The objective of this study was to characterize rural properties that explore commercially milk sheep in the wester of the state of Santa Catarina by recording the production, composition an microbiological quality of the milk and the water used for the milking parlor. The experiment was conducted during august 2009 to june 2012 on tive farms. The animals used the experiment belonged to Milchschaf and Laucane breeds as wel their crosses, and crosses with beff breeds. Evaluations consisted in registration of production (ml/ewe/day), composition (fat, protein, lactose and minerais) an Somatic Cell Count (SCC) of milk, as well as the microbiological quality (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, mesophiles, salmonella sp., Listaria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus) and microbiological quality of water (total coliforms, fecal coliforms and mesophiles) used for cleaning of milking equipment and utensils. For the assessment of milking, and then samples were separated and sent to and accredited laboratory. For the microbiological evaluation of milk the samples were collected directky from the cooling tank and the water obtained directly from the source to be evaluated in the Centro de diagnostic Microbiológico Animal (CEDIMA) of Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárais (CAV) at the Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) for bacterial isolation. The results of the average daily milk production during the 150 days of lactation was 926.88 ml/ewe, while for the composition was 7.11% offat, 4.91% of protein, 4.52% of lactose, 17.81% of total solids and 490x10³/mlof SCC. The average results obtained by microbiological analysis of milk from ali sampling were 3535.29 x10³ CFU/ml for Standard Plate Count (SPC), 30x10³ CFU/ml for total coliforms, 12.12 CFU E. coli and 0.47x10³ CFU/ml for S. aureus, three isolates of Salmonella sp. And no isolates of Listeria monocytogenes. For water the average of ali properties was 76.31 x10³ CFU/ml for SPC, 37.82 NMP/100 ml for total coliforms and no isolates of fecal coliforms. Data of production, composition and microbiological were statistically analyzed using the GLM procedure (General Linear Model) of the SAS statistically analyzed using the GLM procedure (General Linear Model) of the SAS statistically package (SAS Institute, 2005). SCC data were previously transformed into a logarithm base 10. The study allowed to characterize the ovine milk as well the microbiological water quality of these properties. The results for microbiological contamination of milk and water did not correspond with the limits established by Brazilian legislation compared with cow s milk and water consumption, however, as for the evaluation of milk production and compositional, these data can guidance for those involved in the activity and useful for industry that absorb the production of ovine milk in the region ultin further research is done
A maior parte do leite ovino produzido no mundo é transformado em produto lácteos, por esta raz!lo a qualidade deste é medida principalmente pelas sua propriedades tecnológicas, que são marcadamente afetados pela composição assim como pela sua qualidade microbiológica. O objetivo deste trabalho fo caracterizar as propriedades rurais que exploravam comercialmente o leite ovino n região oeste do estado de Santa Catarina quanto a sua produção, composição qualidade microbiológica do leite e da água utilizada para a higienizaçao d equipamentos. O experimento foi conduzido entre os meses de agosto de 2009 junho de 2012 em cinco propriedades rurais. Os animais utilizados no experimento pertenciam às raças Milchschaf, Lacaune e suas cruzas, além de cruzamentos co raças de corte. As avaliações consistiram no registro da produçao (mUovelha/dia) composição (gordura, proteína, lactose e minerais) e Contagem de Célula Somáticas (CCS) do leite, assim como a qualidade microbiológica (Coliformes totais Escherichia co/i, Mesófilos, Sa/mone//a sp., Usteria monocytogenes Staphylococcus aureus) deste e a qualidade microbiológica da água (Coliforme totais, Coliformes termotolerantes e Mesófilos) utilizada para a higienização do equipamentos e utensílios de ordenha. Para a avaliação da produção e composiçã o leite foi coletado no momento da ordenha, em seguida uma amostra era separad e enviada para laboratório credenciado. Para a avaliação microbiológica as amostra de leite foram coletadas diretamente do tanque de resfriamento e a água obtid diretamente da fonte, para serem avaliadas no Centro de Diagnóstico Microbiológic Animal (CEDIMA) do Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV) da Universidade d Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) para isolamento bacteriano. Os resultados d produção média diária de leite durante os 150 dias de lactação foi de 926,8 mL/ovelha, enquanto que para a composição foi de 7,11% de gordura, 4,91% d proteína, 4,52% de lactose, 17,81% de sólidos totais e 490x103 CCS/mL. As média dos resultados obtidos através das análises microbiológicas do leite de todas a coletas foram de 3.535,29x103 UFC/mL para CPP totais, 12,12 UFC/mL para E. co/i e 0,47x103 30x103 UFC/mL para Coliforme UFC/mL para S. aureus, trê isolamentos de Sa/mone//a sp. e ausência de Usteria monocytogenes. Para a águ utilizada nas propriedades as médias entre todas as propriedades foi de 76,31x10 UFC/mL para CPP, 37,82 NMP/100mL para Coliformes totais e ausência d Coliformes termotolerantes. Os dados de produção, composição e microbiológico foram submetidos a análise estatística utilizando-se o procedimento GLM (Genera Linear Model) do pacote estatístico SAS (SAS INSTITUTE, 2005). Os dados de CCS foram previamente transformadas para logaritmo de base 10. O estudo permiti caracterizar o leite ovino assim como a qualidade microbiológica da água desta propriedades. Os resultados para a contaminaçao microbiológica do leite e da água não corresponderam com os limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira quand comparados com o leite bovino e para a água de consumo, entretanto, assim com para a avaliação produtiva e composicional do leite, estes dados podem servir d subsídio para os envolvidos na atividade e úteis para a indústria que absorve produção de leite ovino da região até que novas pesquisas sejam realizadas
Gomes, Veridiane da Rosa. "Caracterização clínica, laboratorial e da composição de urólitos em felinos domésticos". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8281.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The dissertation is divided into two chapters, the first one is a bibliographical review about urinary lithiasis in felines and the second chapter a scientific article reporting epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characterization of urolithiasis in felines. Urinay calculi of 42 felines attended in Veterinary teaching Hospital of Federal University of Goias (HV/EVZ/UFG) and other private veterinary clinics and hospitals were assessed using chemical analysis and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The most observed mineral was struvite (38,1%), followed by ammonium urate (35,7%) and calcium oxalate (26,2%). The males were more affected (26/42), as well mixedbreed animals (36/42). Animals aged between 25 and 72 months old were the most affected (27/42). In 33 cases (78,6%) the stones were recovered of bladder. The clinical signs with most occurrence were dysuria (65,0%), hematuria (50,0%), vomiting (17,5%) and anorexia (12,5%). Of the 42 felines studied, 39 (92.8%) were neutered. Regarding feeding, 26 (61.9%) cats received dry rations exclusively, while 13 (38.1%) received dry and wet rations. Despite the higher occurrence of struvite uroliths, a significant presence of ammonium urate uroliths was observed, which highlights the importance of studies on feline disease. The urolithiasis in cats is little studied in our country and the present work is a pioneer in the analysis of calculations in felines in Brazil, mainly due to the use of techniques of quantitative analysis, such as the dispersive energy spectroscopy.
A dissertação está dividida em dois capítulos, sendo o primeiro uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a litíase urinária em felinos e o segundo capítulo um artigo científico onde objetivou-se caracterizar epidemiológica, clínica e laboratorialmente a urolitíase em felinos. Cálculos urinários de 42 gatos atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Goiás (HV/EVZ/UFG) e em clínicas e hospitais veterinários de diferentes regiões do país foram analisados por meio de técnica de análise química, e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS). A estruvita foi o mineral mais observado (38,1%), seguido de urato amônio (35,7%) e oxalato de cálcio (26,2%). Os machos foram mais acometidos (26/42), bem como os animais sem raça definida (36/42). Animais com idade entre 25 e 72 meses tiveram maior representação (27/42). Em 33 casos (78,6%) os cálculos foram recuperados da bexiga. Os sinais clínicos de maior ocorrência foram disúria (65,0%), hematúria (50,0%), vômito (17,5%) e anorexia (12,5%). Dos 42 felinos estudados, 39 (92,8%) eram castrados. Quanto a alimentação, 26 (61,9%) gatos recebiam exclusivamente ração seca, enquanto que 13 (38,1%) recebiam associação de ração seca e úmida. Apesar da maior ocorrência de urólitos de estruvita, foi observada significativa presença de urólitos de urato amônio o que ressalta a importância de estudos sobre a enfermidade na espécie felina. A urolitíase em gatos é pouco estudada em nosso país e o presente trabalho é pioneiro na análise de cálculos em felinos no Brasil, especialmente pelo uso de técnicas de análise quantitativa, como a espectroscopia de energia dispersiva.
MORAES, Júlia de Miranda. "Imunofenotipagem e avaliação quantitativa de linfócitos circulantes de bovinos da raça curraleiro". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/947.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Curraleiro cattle are extremely docile and resistant to infectious diseases and parasites. They may be used in exploration of low-quality pastures, without great investments, when other breeds could show a low productivity or even survival difficulties. This genetic potential runs risk to extinction due to its replace by more productive breeds. The Curraleiro cattle resistence to illness is popularly known and many works has been published about it, although its immunologic system physiology is completely unknown. Such features are plausible reasons for the preservation of this potentially genetic resource. So, the mean aim of this study was to establish an immunological profile by marking and quantification of T and B lymphocytes in Curraleiro breed with immunocytochemistry. Thus, it was used 116 bovines, male and female, with different ages from two farms situated at Goiás State, Brazil. The animals were allotted in groups according to age, sex and origin. Blood samples were collected and processed in accordance with immunocytochemistry standard technique using lymphoid markers species-specific, anti-CD3 (MM1A BoCD3) and anti-LB (LCTB16A clone B-B14), for T and B lymphocytes counting, respectively. All procedures were accomplished at Veterinary School, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics and then to Kruskall Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The results showed decreased levels of leukocytes, lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes along the age advance. Absolute values of leukocytes, lymphocytes and T lymphocytes were higher in males than females. None of the evaluated parameters were affected by differences of the management carried out at two farms.
O gado Curraleiro é extremamente dócil, resistente às doenças e parasitas, que pode ser utilizado, sem grandes investimentos na exploração de pastagens naturais de baixa qualidade onde outras raças teriam baixa produtividade ou até mesmo dificuldades de sobrevivência. Todo esse potencial genético encontra-se em sério risco de extinção, uma vez que esses animais vêm sendo substituídos por outros com maior produtividade. A resistência do Curraleiro às enfermidades é popularmente conhecida e divulgada, porém desconhece-se por completo a fisiologia do sistema imunológico desses animais. Estas características são notáveis justificativas para conservar este recurso genético potencialmente importante. Assim, este estudo teve por objetivo traçar um perfil imunológico, através de marcação imunocitoquímica e quantificação de linfócitos T e B em bovinos da raça Curraleiro. Para tal, foram utilizados 116 animais entre machos e fêmeas, de diferentes faixas etárias, provenientes de duas propriedades de criação de gado Curraleiro do Estado de Goiás, sendo alocados em grupos conforme a faixa etária, sexo e origem. As amostras de sangue foram colhidas e processadas de acordo com o padrão da técnica de imunocitoquímica e posteriormente utilizados os marcadores linfóides espécieespecíficos, anti-CD3 (MM1A BoCD3) e anti-LB (LCTB16A clone B-B14), para a quantificação de linfócitos T e linfócitos B, respectivamente. Todo procedimento foi realizado na Escola de Veterinária da UFG. Inicialmente os dados foram submetidos à estatística descritiva e posteriormente ao teste de Kruskall Wallis e Mann-Whitney. Com o avançar da idade, diminuíram-se os níveis de leucócitos, linfócitos, linfócitos T e linfócitos B. Os valores absolutos de leucócitos, linfócitos e linfócitos T foram maiores nos machos em relação às fêmeas. Nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados sofreu influência em relação à diferença de qualidade de manejo nas duas propriedades.
Raia, Vanessa de Almeida. "Avalia??o Quantitativa e Qualitativa das Prote?nas dos Ovos de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus e Rhipicephalus (Rhipicephalus) sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) Durante a Oviposi??o e Embriog?nse". Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/744.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
To fill some gaps on intrinsic mechanisms of the biology of the oviposition and embryogenesis of R. (B.) microplus and R. (R.) sanguineus, was evaluated the variability protein in eggs per day of posture and incubation. For this, engorged female laid eggs in controlled environment chamber (27 ? 1oC, 80 ? 5% UR, and darkness). As soon as the female initiated the oviposition, egg samples of 50 mg was collected daily, conditioned in eppendorf tube and preserved in freezer - 20?C, characterizing the period of posture. Samples of 50 mg was removed from a fresh egg mixture and put in perforated eppendorf tube, kept in environment chamber (27 ? 1oC, 80 ? 5% UR, and darkness). Daily, one tube was transferred to freezer -20?C until the first larva hatch. Thus a sequence of different stage of embryogenesis was obtained. The Bradford method was used to measure the protein concentration and subsequently, the electrophoresis profiles was performed in SDS-PAGE. The protein concentrations was correlated with the oviposition and embryogenesis days using the Pearson (r) correlation and for this, the data was transformed in logarithmic value [log (X+1)] after the normality to be discarded (test of Shapiro-Wilk). During oviposition the protein concentrations of the eggs of R. (B.) microplus and R. (R.) sanguineus remained constant until the last days when abrupt increase was observed. In both of species, variation in the concentration of protein was observed during all embryonic period. The number of detectable bands of proteins decreasing during oviposition and embryogenesis days, but in the last days a new band was found. It can inferred that the proteins variation in the eggs of R. (B.) microplus and R. (R.) sanguineus is correlated with the days oviposition and incubation. The ticks R. (B.) microplus and R. (R.) sanguineus have a different oviposition profile proteins model that can be use as phenetic feature. As well, a different way of degradation of protein for each species was characterized.
Objetivando preencher algumas lacunas sobre mecanismos intr?nsecos da biologia da oviposi??o e embriog?nese de R. (B.) microplus e R. (R.) sanguineus, foi avaliada a variabilidade prot?ica dos ovos por dia de postura e incuba??o. Para tal, f?meas ingurgitadas foram colocadas para efetuar postura em estufa biol?gica sob condi??es controladas (27 ? 1oC, 80 ? 5% UR, escotofase). Ap?s in?cio da postura, amostras di?rias de 50 mg de ovos foram coletadas, acondicionadas e preservadas a 20?C, caracterizando o per?odo de postura. A partir de um pool de ovos rec?m colocados, foram obtidas al?quotas de 50 mg que acondicionadas em tubos de eppendorf perfurados foram mantidas em estufa biol?gica nas mesmas condi??es controladas descritas acima. Desde a separa??o das al?quotas at? o surgimento da primeira larva, diariamente uma amostra foi transferida para freezer ? -20?C, obtendo-se assim ovos seq?encialmente em diferentes momentos da embriog?nese. Para dosagem das prote?nas utilizou-se o m?todo de Bradford, e os perfis eletrofor?ticos foram tra?ados atrav?s de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Os dados das concentra??es prot?icas foram correlacionados com os dias de postura e de embriog?nese. Para isso, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correla??o de Pearson (r), com os dados da concentra??o transformados logar?timicamente [log (X+1)]. Os dados foram transformados ap?s o descarte da normalidade (teste de Shapiro-Wilk). De modo geral as concentra??es das prote?nas nos ovos de R. (B.) microplus e R. (R.) sanguineus durante a postura mantiveram-se constantes at? os ?ltimos dias quando se observou aumento abrupto das concentra??es. Nas duas esp?cies, foram observadas varia??es nas concentra??es das prote?nas durante o per?odo embrion?rio. Ainda em ambas esp?cies, na an?lise das bandas prot?icas, o n?mero de bandas detect?veis diminuiu ao longo do per?odo de postura e embriog?nese, sendo observado nos ?ltimos dias surgimento de uma nova banda. Pode-se depreender que a varia??o na concentra??o das prote?nas dos ovos de R. (B.) microplus e R. (R.) sanguineus est? correlacionada com os dias de postura e incuba??o, atrav?s do aumento na concentra??o de prote?nas ? medida que o final da postura e eclos?o da larva se aproximam. Devido ?s diferen?as entre os perfis prot?icos de R. (B.) microplus e R.(R.) sanguineus ao longo dos dias de postura, conclui-se que as prote?na s disponibilizadas aos ovos durante o per?odo de postura s?o diferentes entre estas duas esp?cies e que os zimogramas podem ser utilizados como marcadores fen?ticos. Ainda pode-se concluir que, ao longo da embriog?nese, devido ao desaparecimento e surgimento de bandas prot?icas, as prote?nas dispon?veis para o embri?o de R. (B.) microplus e R.(R.) sanguineus s?o biotransformadas de modo que h? um perfil de degrada??o particular para cada esp?cie.
Silva, Carlos Eduardo da. "Uso de fluoresce?na s?dica em tumores da base de cr?nio : um estudo experimental introdut?rio com an?lise quantitativa digital de contraste tumoral". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1606.
Pełny tekst źródłaObjetivo: Os autores apresentam o primeiro estudo com o uso de Fluoresce?na S?dica (FS) para contrastar tumores da base do cr?nio e realizam uma an?lise quantitativa digital do contraste tumoral. O estudo tem por objetivo observar o grau de contraste tumoral pela FS. M?todos: Foi realizado um estudo experimental prospectivo com controle intragrupo, incluindo seis pacientes com les?es da base do cr?nio. Fotografias digitais foram realizadas antes e ap?s a administra??o sist?mica de FS, utilizando a mesma fonte de ilumina??o do campo microcir?rgico. As fotografias pr? e p?s inje??o de FS foram analisadas por um software, o qual calculou o comprimento de onda da FS nas respectivas imagens. Resultados: O grupo de tumores foi constitu?do por: 1 schwanoma vestibular, 3 meningeomas, 1 craniofaringeoma e 1 adenoma de hip?fise. O contraste dos tumores pela FS foi fortemente positivo. A an?lise digital das fotografias, considerando os comprimentos de onda pr? e p?s inje??o de FS, apresentou p=0,028 (Teste T de Wilcoxon). Conclus?es: O contraste dos tumores pela FS foi consistente. Os resultados introdut?rios sugerem a possibilidade de uso da FS como uma ferramenta adjuvante para a cirurgia da base de cr?nio. Estudos complementares s?o necess?rios para definir aplica??o cl?nica da FS em tumores da base do cr?nio.
CASABELLA, ANDREA. "Osteosarcodinapenia in età geriatrica, studio epidemiologico: analisi dei fattori di rischio; studio degli algoritmi e valutazione densitometrica quantitativa e qualitativa (analisi in totalbody e TBS) in coorti di pazienti geriatrici protesizzati selezionati". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1038304.
Pełny tekst źródłaIntroduction Thanks to the global improvement in care and living conditions, the world population is increasingly aging, however, as evidenced by the literature, the need to improve the qualitative state of this process requires further developments in research. The term fragility identifies a condition of vulnerability caused by the inability of biological systems, at various levels, to preserve the functional reserves of organs and systems that regulate a person's life unscathed. The elderly, for reasons related to the aging process and intercurrent illnesses, become more vulnerable and many conditions can alter the body's homeostatic balance. Fragility is caused by the inability of biological systems, at various levels (from cell to person), to maintain homeostasis. With aging there is a reduction in the functional reserves of organs and systems, especially as regards the musculoskeletal system, which expose the individual to a greater risk of "rupture" and "fracture" induced by pathogens or by changes in the bio-psychological balance and quality of life. Since the determinants of this process are very different (biological-clinical or environmental), it is sometimes difficult to identify fragility and its triggering factors, on which to intervene, both preventively and therapeutically. The very elderly represent the age group most involved in the mechanisms that induce fragility, because the clinical condition characterized by disability, resulting from chronic diseases, is often apparently indistinguishable from the conditions of fragility itself. The latter, therefore, is better defined by the set of many variables rather than by a single entity, which is why it is difficult to provide a precise definition. The diagnostic criteria for defining osteosarcodynapenia have indicated as possible markers the presence of balance and gait disorders, sarcopenia, reduced exercise tolerance, changes in body composition and in the quantitative and qualitative aspect of bone tissue (loss weight, sarcopenia, malnutrition). The criteria have been validated by a series of studies that have shown the association of these characteristics with the increased risk of institutionalization and death, as well as with the onset of geriatric syndromes (disability, cognitive status, falls, urinary incontinence, malnutrition). Identifying and understanding the role of frailty as a condition that modulates the quality and duration of life of the elderly is an important starting point; from this point of view, in fact, it becomes the target of targeted interventions on a clinical, surgical, psychological and social level to reduce the risk of negative events. Therefore, recognizing the biological characteristics of age-related osteosarcodynapenia and understanding its pathophysiological determinants have been at the center of gerontological research in recent years. In particular, the research focused on the identification of biological markers that allow screening of frailty at an early stage when the possibilities of prevention and intervention are more likely to be successful. As already indicated in the literature, the focus is mainly on physical problems induced by fragility: - quantitative reduction in bone mineral stock (BMD [Bone Mineral Density] assessment by DXA [Dual X-ray Absorptiometry] and qualitative method (assessable by TBS [Trabecular Bone Score] method)); - disability; increased clinical vulnerability; -high risk of musculoskeletal deterioration (osteoporotic disease state; sarcopenic state assessable with the Total Body Scan iDXA for Metabolic Health method); - Reduction of the degree of functional state based on the CGA (Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment) or the Multidimensional Assessment (VMD) methodology it is considered a valid tool of geriatric medicine that elaborated and validated it; it is not limited only to the evaluation-diagnostic moment but from an operational point of view it also extends to the management of the patient. Since interdisciplinarity is the characterizing element of the VMD, is a valid investigation tool for the frail elderly. It is therefore evident that and the essential element is the multidimensionality that clinical evaluation must have. [1-13] OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to examine the associations between neuro-motor and nutritional cognitive parameters and bone mineral density, bone quality, fat mass, and lean body mass in prosthetic geriatric patients. hip, divided into two groups according to bone therapy with Denosumab (DMAB) vs Alendronate (ALD) and in the reference healthy controls (CNT) Materials and methods: 95 patients (mean age 80 ± 8 years) with hip replacement and 50 healthy controls of the same age (mean age 74 ± 11 years) were enrolled. The study population was divided into two groups according to Denosumab (DMAB) vs Alendronate (ALD) therapy. The Geriartric assessment scales of functional status (CGA) were performed: HAND GRIP, BARTHEL index, ADL, IADL, MNA, CIRS com, CIRS sev, Tinetti, MMSE. Bone mineral density (BMD, g / cm2) at the level of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and of the entire femur was measured by the DXA Lunar Prodigy densitometer (GE Lunar, Madison, WI, USA) as well as the evaluation of the total metabolic body expressed by the Relative Skeletal Mass Index (RSMI). The body mass index (BMI, kg / m2) was calculated for all subjects. According to the anthropometric equation [14], sarcopenia was defined by RSMI <5.5 kg / m2 in women. The TBS value was calculated on all lumbar spine densitometric examinations using the TBS iNsight Medimaps software (Lunar Prodigy). Evaluation of the expected fracture risk in the next 10 years in relation to the recognized risk factors (FRAX algorithm analysis) All patients underwent a serum dosage of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D ng / ml), of the PTH pg parathyroid hormone / ml and evaluation of hemoglobin Hb g / L. RESULTS: In the 95 patients enrolled, a reduction in bone mass was observed for 78 patients (80%); in particular 52 with osteoporosis (53%) and 41 (42%) with osteopenia. BMD values were significantly lower in hip replacement patients than in the control group (respectively, lumbar spine: 0.998 ± 0.161 g / cm2 vs 1.240 ± 0.932 g / cm2; Femoral neck: 0.784 ± 0.212 g / cm2 vs 0.845 ± 0.164 g / cm2; Ward 0.563 ± 0.173 g / cm2 vs 0.657 ± 0.106 g / cm2; Trochanter: 0.666 ± 0.104 g / cm2 vs 0.725 ± 0.143 g / cm2; Whole Femur: 0.827 ± 0.182 g / cm2 vs 1.033 ± 0.161 g / cm2, both with p <0.001). To date (respectively, lumbar spine: 1.178 ± 0.761 g / cm2 Femoral neck: 0.989 ± 0.712 g / cm2; Ward 0.874 ± 0.982 g / cm2; Trochanter: 0.981 ± 0.382 g / cm2; Whole Femur: 1.036 ± 0.294 g / cm2). The TBS values at the level of the lumbar spine were significantly lower in the prosthetic patients compared to the control group (respectively, 1.012 ± 0.163 score vs 1.361 ± 0.126 score, both with p <0.001). Average RSMIs are 5.42 ± 0.078kg / m² below the mean of the control population (5.7kg / m²) increased on average by 2.07 ± 0.078kg / m² compared to T0. Between the levels of TBS and the levels of RSMI respectively 1.914 ± 0.152 and 4.72 ± 0.029kg / m² there is a positive correlation with p <0.001; with an average implementation of TBS from T0 of 0.874 ± 0.121. A comparison of the 1-year data on the 55 concluded patients shows that the levels of TBS appear to be influenced by antiresorptive therapy; the improvement is more in the ALD group (60%) than in the DMAB group (40%); in both cases the improvement does not exceed 5-8% of total significance so it is not statistically detectable. The dosages of 25 (OH) D were found to be 13 ± 1.4 ng / ml at T0 and 24 ± 0.7 ng / ml at T1. The PTH values were 40.36 ± 2.7 pg / ml at T0 and 47 ± 2.7 pg / ml at T1. Hb values were 12.47 ± 1.1 g / L at T0 and 14.18 ± 0.97 g / L to T1. From the analysis of geriatric parameters respectively in the ALD vs DMAB group, we found: Hand-grip strength, Kg ± DS In female patients: 15.3 ± 5.3 vs 13.5 ± 6.2, in male patients 22.1 ± 5.0 vs 23.2 ± 1.6; Barthel Index, score ± SD 91 ± 14 vs 83 ± 23; ADL, n ° ± SD 5.5 ± 0.9 vs 5.1 ± 1.5; IADL, n ° ± SD 5.8 ± 2.5 vs 5.1 ± 3.4; MNA, score ± SD 11.4 ± 2.2 vs 10.4 ± 2.9 CIRS comorbidity, score ± SD 4.3 ± 1.8 vs 4.2 ± 1.6; CIRS severity, score ± SD 1.9 ± 0.5 vs 1.9 ± 0.3, SPMSQ, score ± SD 2.0 ± 2.2 vs 1.9 ± 2.1; BMI, mean ± SD 24.4 ± 5.2 vs 21.3 ± 2.9 Examining the basal characteristics from the bone and muscle point of view, first of all, a deficient state of Vitamin D common to the two groups is highlighted. In both, BMD is indicative of osteoporosis in the femoral neck and osteopenia in the spine (probably due to artifacts due to the presence of osteoarthritis and / or vertebral fractures). The TBS shows a slight difference between the two groups (DMab 1.129 ± 0.160 ALD 1.032 ± 0.162, p .073), indicating a condition of bone degradation in both. Considering the Hand Grip and RSMI values, with reference to the cut offs indicated in the EWGSOP2 Consensus, both groups show a state of “confirmed” sarcopenia. In particular, the values of RSMI in women are frankly pathological, while those of men are at the lower limits (Ald 7.7 ± 1.2, Dmab 7.1 ± 0.1), but we must weigh the lower prevalence of males within the sample (12.2%). There is no real difference between the two drugs, even after adjustment for the variables (BMI and TBS). The percentage changes in RSMI clearly show a strengthening effect of the appendicular musculature from part of Denosumab, with statistically significant difference compared to Alendronate (Ald -5.8 ± 12.4 vs Dmab 0.5 ± 4.5, p = 0.046) Conclusions. Currently the study shows us how there is a correlation between the recovery of muscle mass, the reduction of fat mass and the functional, motor and fragility index recovery.This study shows that sarcopenia is common in elderly patients, mostly in those classified as normal or overweight according to BMI. Therefore, the TBS and BMD values could play a key role in a muscle-bone feedback in the geriatric patient in the post-operative state such as that of the hip replacement. Patients who report fragility femur fractures are osteosarcopenic subjects, we must consider the syndrome, not the individual pathologies. linked to the transient immobilization following the event indicating that the continuation of therapy beyond the 1st year should be recommended and encouraged, in association with interventions aimed at favoring patient mobilization. Consistent with the resulting data, in association with an average increase in (OH) D, in the most compliant patients a more marked recovery is also observed on BMD, mirror of the bone mineral quantity, while the recovery on the quality of the bone shown by the analysis of trabecular bone (TBS) is lower. have a potential muscle strengthening effect, so it appears to be a promising approach to the elderly osteosarc patient openico. The TBS in association with the evaluation of the total metabolic body, prove additional clinical parameters compared to the standard densitometric values on our sample of elderly patients, suggesting how these methods can improve the evaluation of "fragility" of the geriatric patient in the post-fracture period to improve 'diagnostic-therapeutic framework and better compliance with therapy. References .Rockwood K et al.Interdiscip Top Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;41:VII-X.;2.Chen KW et al.Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2017 Apr 27 3.Mitnitski AB et al. Biogerontology. 2017 Mar 2. ;4.Searle SD, Rockwood K. et al. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2015 Aug 3;7(1):54. 5.Strawbridge WJ et al.Med S ci 1998;53A:M9-16.;6.Chin A et al.J Clin Epidemiol 1999;52:1015-21.;7.Walston J et al. J Am Geriatr S oc 2006;54:991-1001.;8.Rantanen T et al.J Gerontol A Biol Med Sci 2000;55A:M168-73.;9.Rantanen T et al.J Am Geriatr S oc 2000;48:613-7.;10.Rozzini R et al.Arch I ntern Med 2001;161:299-300.;11.Brown JC et al.Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016 Mar 28 12.Villa P et al.J Endocrinol Invest. 2016 Feb;39(2):191-8..;13.Lamy O et al.Rev Med Suisse. 2011 Nov 2;7(315):2130, 2132-4, 2136.;14.Baumgartner RN et al., J Epidemiol. 147:755–76
Yong, Florence Hiu-Ling. "Quantitative Methods for Stratified Medicine". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17463130.
Pełny tekst źródłaBiostatistics
Wildemann, Paula. "Pesquisa de Yersinia Enterocolitica patogênica em tonsilas de suínos ao abate em Santa Catarina". Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2016. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/2545.
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Capes
Yersinina enterocolitica is a Gram-negative bacteria with zoonotic potential. It is associated with the occurrence of enteric diseases in humans. Pigs are considered the main source of Y. enterocolitica and the bacteria is mainly found in the pig’s palatine tonsils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in palatine tonsils of healthy pigs from Santa Catarina, during the slaughter process. In order to achieve this goal, a multiplex PCR technique was performed so as to detect the presence of virulence genes (ail, yadA and virF). This technique was compared to quantitative real time PCR (qPCR), only for the ail gene. Palatine tonsils were randomly collected from 400 pigs from four federally inspected slaughterhouses of the state of Santa Catarina. One positive sample was found for the three studied virulence genes, which were confirmed by DNA sequencing. The analysis of partial sequences of the three virulence genes identified three unique amino acid changes, one in the virF gene and two in YadA gene. This sample had 11.058.398 molecules/μL detected by qPCR. By comparing the two techniques, qPCR was 100 times more sensitive than standard PCR. This result shows low occurrence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in healthy pigs from federally inspected slaughterhouses in Santa Catarina
Yersinia enterocolitica é uma bactéria Gram-negativa emergente que possui potencial zoonótico e está associada a quadros de infecção alimentar em humanos. Os suínos são considerados o principal reservatório de Y. enterocolitica, abrigando-a principalmente nas tonsilas. Tendo em vista a carne suína como uma das mais consumidas no mundo e a importância deste agente zoonótico, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de Y. enterocolitica patogênica em tonsila de suínos no momento do abate no estado de Santa Catarina. Para isto, foi utilizada uma PCR convencional multiplex que detecta a presença de genes de virulência (ail, yadA e virF) e comparou-se esta técnica com a PCR quantitativa em tempo real (qPCR), somente para o gene ail. Foram coletadas aleatoriamente tonsilas de 400 suínos provenientes de quatro frigoríficos com inspeção federal em diferentes regiões do estado. Foi realizado o sequenciamento do DNA dos genes amplificados das amostras positivas na cPCR e posteriormente foi feita a análise filogenética. Apenas uma amostra foi positiva para os três genes pesquisados na PCR convencional, os quais foram confirmados por sequenciamento. A análise das sequências parciais dos três genes de virulência identificou três mudanças de aminoácidos exclusivas, sendo uma no gene virF e duas no gene yadA. Na qPCR esta amostra apresentou 11.058.398 moléculas/μL. Ao comparar as duas técnicas, a qPCR foi 100 vezes mais sensível que a PCR convencional. Isso demonstra uma baixa ocorrência de Y. enterocolitica patogênica em suínos sadios ao abate em frigoríficos com inspeção federal em Santa Catarina
Jansson, Susanne. "Opinions, knowledge and attitudes about sexual and reproductive health - A quantitative study among girls in Zambia". Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Health Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-3471.
Pełny tekst źródłaSocialisation is a life long process in which people acquire the knowledge, rules, opinions and attitudes they need to adjust into a culture and a society. The cultural and traditional beliefs in a society influence gender roles in a society. Women in Zambia are subordinated men and suffer more from sexual and reproductive ill-health. Previous research show that females engage in more risk behaviors even though they have more positive attitudes towards safe sex which makes them more vulnerable when it comes to sexual and reproductive health. The aim of this study was to study the opinions about sex related information, and knowledge and attitudes about sexual and reproductive health among young girls. To get these answers a quantitative study was made in Kitwe in Zambia. The result showed that most of the respondents believe it to be important to get information about sex but almost half of them thought that they had got too little information. It also showed that the respondents believe themselves to have good knowledge about HIV/AIDS but a lower knowledge about contraceptives. To reduce the inequalities in health between women and men empowering women is of great importance.
RADREZZA, SILVIA. "QUANTITATIVE LIPIDOMICS AND PROTEOMICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/886066.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe ‘omics sciences are currently in development offering a new and combined perspective of cellular and organismal environment. Among these, genomics and proteomics are among the most developed while lipidomics is still an emergent field. The importance to provide a strong methodological approach paired to a rigorous data interpretation is explained by the recent discovery of the lipids’ key role not only as structural components and energetic source but also in many biological processes (i.e., second messengers, regulators of inter-cellular interactions and of surface charge, involvement in metabolic diseases, cancer etc.). Thanks to the recent significant advances, mass spectrometry is the most suitable analytical method in many of ‘omics sciences despite their integration is still at the beginning and a careful optimization of protocols is needed. Nevertheless, considering the molecular complexity, only a multi-omics vision can give a complete picture of intra- and extra-cellular processes in physiological and pathological conditions as well as in response to an environmental or chemical exposure to finally contribute to the field of precision medicine. So, the work herein aims to provide proteomics and lipidomics perspectives, both as single and integrated approaches, to different research questions by high-resolution mass spectrometry. At first, the investigation on skin hairless mice proteome allowed me to show how an endogenous peptide, β-alanil-L-histidine (a.k.a. carnosine), is acting in defense of UV-A damages. Indeed, several major protein systems shown an alteration by UV-A treatment including calcium signaling, mitochondrial function or sirtuin expression, which were all restored by a preventive treatment of the skins by a topical application of carnosine. These proteomics alterations could result (at least in part) from ROS generated by UV-A, or/and the generation of lipid oxidation products (HNE, acrolein) resulting from the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the irradiated skins. The implication of such agents is emphasized by the potent efficacy of carnosine in restoring a normal proteomic profile of UV-A-treated skins, in accordance with its ability to neutralize the formation of adducts on proteins and their subsequent modification, thereby restoring their function. Moving to lipidomics, the biological importance recently demonstrated by fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) asked for a tailored method optimization for their identification and quantification in human matrix. In fact, increasing evidence on the physiological roles of FAHFAs, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and immunomodulatory ones, motivates a more extensive characterization of these lipids as possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets for pathological conditions such as diabetes or obesity. Nevertheless, the low concentration in human tissues, the large structure heterogeneity and that the major amount of FAHFAs in cells is incorporated into triacylglycerols challenge current analytical methods for their accurate identification and quantification. The achieved samples’ preparation and instrumental method optimization successfully enabled to isolate, detect, and quantify endogenous FAHFAs for the first time on human adipose tissue revealing significant alterations based on metabolic status (obese insulin sensitive or resistant vs lean subjects) and adipose tissue portions (visceral vs subcutaneous). These results will be useful to better understand the biological potentiality of this bioactive lipids in metabolic pathologies. Then, the two multi-omics studies herein conducted were aimed to evaluate molecular effects of low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA) in proteome and lipidome of normal human dermal fibroblasts and to analyze lipidome and proteome profile changes induced by γ-Oryzanol (Orz) prevention treatment in obese-induced rats, respectively. LMW-HA showed an impact both on proteome and lipidome profile, mainly at 0.50 % of concentration. The proteomics results were not only confirmed but also corroborated by lipidomics and integratomics ones. Indeed, mitochondria functionality, cells maturation and lipids metabolism were concordantly demonstrated. About lipidome changes, we saw a particular increasing of ceramides, triacylglycerols and cholesterol esters involved in the skin moisturizing and epidermis renewal and so supporting the beneficial role of low-molecular weight as cosmetic ingredient. Nevertheless, the correct balance between their synthesis and degradation is essential for the skin wellness and further studies are necessary for the deepening of these dynamics. The Orz’s effects assessment, instead, provided only marginal significant alterations both in plasma’s proteome and lipidome probably due to the weakness of the animal model. Further thoughts and experiments are needed to confirm the biological relevance of Orz mainly showed in biological tests so far. To conclude, although a lot of questions related to these research topics are still unanswered and other omics should be included in an integrative vision (metabolomics for example), during this multidisciplinary PhD journey I appreciated the complexity and the value of omics sciences in deepening our knowledge about several research fields approaching more and more the precision medicine goal.
Li, Ju-Yun. "Quantitative structure-activity relationship studies in medicinal chemistry". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1062596938.
Pełny tekst źródłaMatanzima, Yonela. "Quantitative and qualitative optimization of antimicrobial bioactive constituents of Helichrysum cymosum using hydroponics technology". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/849.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe high demand for medicinal plants has favoured over-exploitation of wild plants. The search for alternative and sustainable methods of medicinal plant cultivation is imperative and desirable. Biotechnological approaches particularly hydroponic technology has the potential for large scale plant cultivation and production of secondary metabolites. The current study aims at optimizing the production of antimicrobial secondary metabolites by an indigenous South African medicinal plant species (Helichrysum cymosum) through hydroponics N and K fertilization. In Chapter 1, the conceptual framework and justifications of the study are presented. In Chapter 2 the research objective was to discern the optimal potassium (K) supplement level for H. cymosum by evaluating the effects of different hydroponic K levels on growth, K-leaf content, and anti-Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.glycines (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) and total activities. Six weeks old seedlings of H. cymosum were treated with varied concentrations of K in the form of potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and monopotassium phosphate (58.75, 117.5, 235 and 470 ppm). These concentrations were based on a modification of Hoagland’s hydroponic nutrient formula. Plants were maintained under greenhouse conditions and growth parameters (plant height and number of leaves) were recorded weekly. At 8 weeks post treatment, plants were harvested and fresh weights were recorded and tissue nutrient content analysed. Sub-samples of the aerial parts of plants grown in the different treatments were air dried, extracted with acetone and tested against F. oxysporum. Plants exposed to 235 ppm K showed a marked increase in leaf number, plant height and fresh weight. Overall there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) among the treatments with respect to tissue nutrient content; K ranged from 3.56 ± 0.198 to 4.67 ± 0.29 %. The acetone extraction yield increased with increasing K fertilization: 58.75 ppm (16.67 ± 2.35 mg), 117.5 ppm (22.5 ± 4.79 mg), 235 ppm (210 ± 38.5 mg) but dropped to 40 ± 4.08 mg at 470 ppm K. Results from the anti-F. oxysporum bioassay showed that 58.75 and 235 ppm K treatments produced the most bioactive acetone extracts; MIC values of 0.49 and 0.645 mg/l, respectively. Acetone extracts obtained from plants exposed to 235 ppm K yielded the highest total activity, comparatively (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the optimum nutrient K level for growing H. cymosum hydroponically was 235 ppm. Chapter 3 focused on another important macro nutrient N and the objective was to determine the optimum nutrient requirements for growing the medicinal plant, Helichrysum cymosum (L.) (Asteraceae), hydroponically. Experiments were conducted to assess the effects of varied nitrogen (N) concentrations supplied as nitrate and ammonium on growth, tissue nutrient content, antimicrobial and total activities of acetone extracts of aerial parts. Treatments were based on a modified Hoagland’s nutrient formula. Six week old rooted cuttings were treated with 52.5 ppm, 105 ppm, 210 ppm and 420 ppm of N. Leaf number and stem height (cm) were recorded at weekly intervals and leaf analysis conducted. The effects of N treatments on plant growth parameters varied significantly among treatments; 52.5 ppm of N yielded the tallest plants (height) [19.4 ± 0.7 cm], while 105 ppm N yielded the maximum leaf number (68.1 ± 6.2) as well as maximum fresh weight of aerial parts was obtained with 105 ppm (15.12 ± 1.68 g). Nitrogen content of plant tissue ranged between 0.53 ± 0.03 and 4.74 ± 0.29% (d, f, 3, 12; f=14; P ≤ 0.002) depending on treatments. Powdered aerial parts (5 g) of H. cymosum obtained from the different N treatments were extracted with 100 ml of acetone. N treatment significantly affected the yield of crude extracts, which ranged from 87.5 ± 15.5 (52.5 ppm) to 230 ± 23.5 mg (105 ppm). Acetone extracts of plants that were exposed to varied N treatments were screened for anti-Fusarium oxysporum activity using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The MIC value (0.073 ± 0.014 mg/ml) obtained with acetone extracts of plants exposed to 52.5 ppm N was significantly lower compared to the MICs of the other N treatments (105 [0.47 ± 0 and 0.705 ± 0.135 mg/ml], 210 [0.234 and 0.47 mg/ml] and 420 ppm [0.29 ± 0.101 mg/ml]) at 24 and 48 hours respectively. However, the total activities of extracts obtained among the four N treatments, which ranged from 0.062 ± 0.02 to 0.26 ± 0.06 ml/g was not statistically different at 24 or 48 hours (P > 0.05). LC-MS analysis of acetone extracts of H. cymosum plants obtained from the four treatments hinted that known anti-microbial agents such as apigenin, quercetin, kaempferol, helihumulone and quinic acids were present in the extracts and the quantity of helihumulone increased with increased nutrient N level. These results suggest that H. cymosum may be cultivated hydroponically and that the antimicrobial activity and/or the phytochemical profile of the crude acetone extracts is affected by nutrient nitrogen levels. Hydroponic cultivation of plants may be able to alleviate to an extent the pressure on wild medicinal plants.
Vigueras, Evelyn Soledad Reyes. "Qualidade de vida, sintomas depressivos, aspectos psicossociais e cl?nicos de doadores vivos de rim ap?s a doa??o". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2012. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7788.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq
INTRODUCTION: When discussing the living transplant donation, the focus is, most of the times, in the organ?s receptor. After all, he is the sick ne, the patient, the reason of the process development that culminates in the surgery for function substitution. However, the donor is a complicated and fundamental part on the procedure, so that in the contrary of the other part, is an healthy subject that becomes a patient. Accepts mutilation, after emphatic identification with the one whose life quality is modified by a dysfunction. Various researchers have been studying the psychological, social and ethical implications involving kidney donors (BURROUGHS et al., 2003; STERNER et al., 2006; NEUHAUS et al., 2005). The donor subject that offers a body part for transplant will be bequeathing an invaluable gift and who receives the organ accepts it. To give and receive a present of that value may be the most important in this story filled with meanings of the human organ transplant. This extraordinary present, on the other hand, is not and private transaction between donor and receptor. On the contrary, happens inside a complex personal relationship network, wich is extended to families, doctors and all the other members of the health team that are involved in the operation. Inside the relationship network, a complex exchange happens, in which considerably more than an organ is transferred. (FOX & SWAZEY, 1978). OBJECTIVES: To know the donor subject profile and hos perception after the kidney donation in kidney transplantation. METHODOLOGY: The study proposed was observational, explanatory and transverse. The data were analyzed both in qualitative and quantitative ways. The subjects were called to enter the study, submmited toclinical and psychological evaluation (application of SF-36, Beck?s Depression Scale, and structured interview). The studied sample consisted of 47 individuals. The average pos-donation time of the evaluated subjects was 4 [1 ? 8] min 0 29 max. RESULTS: The main relationship between donor and receptor was maternal, being the characteristics in that case: woman, about 45 years old, overweighed, consanguineous to the receptor, with incomplete fundamental scholarship, living with companion and children. Clinically, after tga donation, the donors presented, mostly, overweight (IMC 27,6), blood pressure between the normal limits (123 ? 18,1/78,5 ? 10 mmHg), protein?ria in urine sample of 6 mg [5 mg; 8 mg], 131,55? 70,58 of creatinina in urine sample and 1,28 (1,28? 0,27) of creatinina s?rica. The transplant surgery was 74,5% realized by Videolaparoscopia and 25,5% by open surgery. The quality of life, evaluated by the SF 36, presented a variation of 59,2 ? 24,9 (Vitality) to 79,4 ? 24,3 (Functional Capability). The depression can be classified in the following way: 33 (70,21%) with minimal depression, 6 (12,70%) with low depression, 5 (10,63%) with moderated depression and 3 (6,30%) with severe depression. About the parental factor, 11 donors were not-related and 36 were related. In their majority, 41 (87,3%) the donors keep contact with the receptors, 28 (59,6%) referred that the relationship has not changed after the donation, 24 (51,1%) referred that had some kind of emotional limitation, 11 (23,4%) referred that the pain they felt was the most negative factor of the donation, 40 (85,1%) said that seeing the receptor well was the most positive aspect, 5 (10,6%) felt pressure to donate, 4 (8,5%) regretted on donating. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that it was possible to know the donors profile and their perception after the kidney donation and kidney transplantation.
INTRODU??O: Quando se discute a doa??o inter vivos em transplante, o foco da aten??o na maior parte das vezes ? o receptor de ?rg?o. Afinal, ele ? o doente, o paciente, o motivo do desenvolvimento do processo que culmina em cirurgia para substitui??o de fun??o. No entanto, o doador ? parte implicada e fundamental no procedimento, tanto que ao contr?rio do outro, ? um sujeito h?gido que torna-se paciente. Aceita mutila??o, ap?s identifica??o emp?tica com aquele cuja qualidade de vida encontra-se modificada por uma disfun??o O sujeito doador que oferece uma parte de seu corpo para transplante est? legando um inestim?vel presente e quem recebe o ?rg?o aceita o presente sem pre?o. Dar e receber um presente com este valor talvez seja o mais importante nesta hist?ria recheada de significados do transplante de ?rg?os humanos. Este extraordin?rio presente, por outro lado, n?o ? uma transa??o privada entre o doador e o receptor. Pelo contr?rio, ocorre dentro de uma complexa rede de relacionamentos pessoais que se estende para fam?lias, m?dicos e todos os membros da equipe de sa?de que est?o envolvidos na opera??o. Dentro desta rede de rela??es, uma complexa troca ocorre, pela qual,consideravelmente, mais do que o ?rg?o ? transferido. (FOX & SWAZEY, 1978). OBJETIVOS: Conhecer o perfil do sujeito doador e sua percep??o ap?s a doa??o de rim em transplante renal. METODOLOGIA: O estudo proposto foi observacional,explorat?rio e transversal. Os dados analisados de forma qualitativa e quantitativa. Os sujeitos foram convocados a participar do estudo, avaliados clinica e psicologicamente (aplica??o dos instrumentos SF-36 e Escala de Depress?o de Beck, al?m de estruturada). A amostra estudada foi composta por 47 indiv?duos. O tempo m?dio p?s-doa??o dos sujeitos avaliados foi de 4 anos. RESULTADOS: A principal rela??o entre o doador e o receptor foi materna, sendo neste caso as caracter?sticas: mulher, ao redor dos 45 anos, com sobrepeso, consang??nea com o receptor, com escolaridade de ensino fundamental incompleto, vivendo com companheiro e filhos. Clinicamente, ap?s a doa??o, os doadores apresentaram, em sua maioria, sobrepeso (IMC 27,6), press?o arterial dentro dos limites da normalidade (123 ? 18,1/78,5 ? 10 mmHg) e fun??o renal normal (creatinina s?rica m?dia de 1,28 mg/dl e aus?ncia de protein?ria [protein?ria em amostra urin?ria de 0,0456 mg/g de creatinina]). A cirurgia de transplante foi realizada por v?deolaparoscopia em 74,5% e por cirurgia aberta 25,5% . A qualidade de vida, avaliada atrav?s do SF 36, apresentou uma varia??o entre 59,2 ? 24,9 (Vitalidade) at? 79,4 ? 24,3 (Capacidade funcional). A depress?o pode ser classificada da seguinte maneira: 33 (70,21%) com depress?o m?nima, seis (12,70%) com depress?o leve, 5 (10,63%) com depress?o moderada, e 3 (6,30%) com depress?o grave. Quanto ao fator parentesco, 11 doadores eram n?o-parentes e 36 eram parentes. Em sua maioria,(87,3%), os doadores mant?m contato com os receptores, 28(59,6%) referem que o relacionamento n?o mudou ap?s a doa??o, 24( 51,1%) referem que tiveram alguma limita??o emocional, 11(23,4%) referiram que a dor que sentiram foi o aspecto mais negativo da doa??o, 40(85,1%) disseram que ver o receptor bem foi o aspecto mais positivo, 5(10,6%) se sentiram pressionados para doar e 4( 8,5%) se arrependeram de doar. CONCLUS?O: Conclui-se que foi poss?vel conhecer o perfil dos doadores e sua percep??o ap?s a doa??o de rim em transplante renal.
Cunha, Laura Severo da. "Aula dialogada na educação médica: um estudo quantitativo". Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/7721.
Pełny tekst źródłaStudy the medical education process is part of a worldwide movement of health review, motivating important initiatives, represented in Brazil by the national curriculum guidelines of the courses in this area, presented by the Ministry of Education in 2001. In order to compare the effects of content learning/retention (outcome) of dialogued lecture (factor under study), we carried out a randomized controlled trial by groups, blinded to the research subjects with medical students from the 7th and 8 th semester from a private university in southern Brazil, with grade five assigned by the Higher Education Personal Improvement Commission (CAPES). 150 subjects were evaluated between March 2012 and June 2014, average age 24. 7 years and a predominance of females (62. 7%); 69 (46%) allocated for dialogued lecture (intervention group) and 81 (54%) to traditional lecture (control group). The performance of groups was evaluated by the same theoretical knowledge test administered before and after class, where students in the control group showed greater variation between the first and second test (8. 6 vs. 6. 7 p = 0. 0001) result reinforced by the magnitude of the effect also higher in this group (2,526 vs. 1,350). In the pretest, without distinction by group, the overall student achievement was 50%, with a higher average score of the intervention group (p = 0. 003) and those students tested in the 7th semester. In this study, the expository dialogue-class determined final results similar to traditional classroom (20. 2 vs. 20. 0 points in the final test) no impairment in short-term learning was noticed.
Estudar o processo de educação médica é parte de um movimento mundial de revisão da saúde, motivando iniciativas importantes, representadas no Brasil pelas diretrizes curriculares nacionais dos cursos desta área, apresentadas pelo Ministério da Educação no ano de 2001. Com o objetivo de comparar os efeitos de aprendizagem/retenção de conteúdo (desfecho) da aula expositiva dialogada (fator em estudo), realizou-se um estudo controlado randomizado por grupos, cegado para os sujeitos de pesquisa com alunos do 7º e 8º semestre do curso de medicina de uma Faculdade privada do sul do Brasil, com conceito cinco atribuído pela Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Foram avaliados 150 sujeitos, entre março de 2012 e junho de 2014, média de idade de 24,7 anos e predomínio do sexo feminino (62,7%); 69 (46%) alocados para a aula expositiva dialogada (grupo intervenção) e 81 (54%) para aula expositiva tradicional (grupo controle). O desempenho dos grupos foi avaliado por um mesmo teste teórico de conhecimento aplicado antes e após a aula, onde os alunos do grupo controle demonstraram maior variação entre o primeiro e segundo teste (8,6 vs. 6,7 p=0,0001) resultado reforçado pela magnitude do efeito também maior neste grupo (2,526 vs. 1,350). No pré-teste, sem distinção por grupo, o aproveitamento geral dos alunos foi de 50%, sendo maior a pontuação média do grupo submetido à intervenção (p=0,003) e daqueles alunos testados no 7º semestre. Neste estudo, a aula expositiva dialogada determinou resultados finais similares à aula tradicional (20,2 vs. 20,0 pontos no teste final) não sendo observado prejuízo na aprendizagem de curto prazo.
Stenhammar, Christina. "Parental Perspectives on Preschool Children’s Lifestyle : quantitative and qualitative aspects". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-153263.
Pełny tekst źródłaRüttinger, Steffen. "Confocal microscopy and quantitative single molecule techniques for metrology in molecular medicine". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/tuberlin/volltexte/2007/1434.
Pełny tekst źródłaDahlström, Nils. "Quantitative Evaluation of Contrast Agent Dynamics in Liver MRI". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Centrum för medicinsk bildvetenskap och visualisering, CMIV, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-60264.
Pełny tekst źródłaZheng, Guanhao, i 郑冠濠. "Quantitative survey of pharmacy students' attitudes and use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206583.
Pełny tekst źródłapublished_or_final_version
Pharmacology and Pharmacy
Master
Master of Medical Sciences
Masoomi, Mojtaba Arash. "Quantitative and qualitative imaging in single photon emission tomography for nuclear medicine applications". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1989. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843932/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFredriksson, Ingemar. "Quantitative Laser Doppler Flowmetry". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biomedicinsk instrumentteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19947.
Pełny tekst źródłaCunha, Laura Severo da. "Aula dialogada na educa??o m?dica : um estudo quantitativo". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6413.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Study the medical education process is part of a worldwide movement of health review, motivating important initiatives, represented in Brazil by the national curriculum guidelines of the courses in this area, presented by the Ministry of Education in 2001. In order to compare the effects of content learning/retention (outcome) of dialogued lecture (factor under study), we carried out a randomized controlled trial by groups, blinded to the research subjects with medical students from the 7th and 8 th semester from a private university in southern Brazil, with grade five assigned by the Higher Education Personal Improvement Commission (CAPES). 150 subjects were evaluated between March 2012 and June 2014, average age 24.7 years and a predominance of females (62.7%); 69 (46%) allocated for dialogued lecture (intervention group) and 81 (54%) to traditional lecture (control group). The performance of groups was evaluated by the same theoretical knowledge test administered before and after class, where students in the control group showed greater variation between the first and second test (8.6 vs. 6.7 p = 0.0001) result reinforced by the magnitude of the effect also higher in this group (2,526 vs. 1,350). In the pretest, without distinction by group, the overall student achievement was 50%, with a higher average score of the intervention group (p = 0.003) and those students tested in the 7th semester. In this study, the expository dialogue-class determined final results similar to traditional classroom (20.2 vs. 20.0 points in the final test) no impairment in short-term learning was noticed.
Estudar o processo de educa??o m?dica ? parte de um movimento mundial de revis?o da sa?de, motivando iniciativas importantes, representadas no Brasil pelas diretrizes curriculares nacionais dos cursos desta ?rea, apresentadas pelo Minist?rio da Educa??o no ano de 2001. Com o objetivo de comparar os efeitos de aprendizagem/reten??o de conte?do (desfecho) da aula expositiva dialogada (fator em estudo), realizou-se um estudo controlado randomizado por grupos, cegado para os sujeitos de pesquisa com alunos do 7? e 8? semestre do curso de medicina de uma Faculdade privada do sul do Brasil, com conceito cinco atribu?do pela Comiss?o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES). Foram avaliados 150 sujeitos, entre mar?o de 2012 e junho de 2014, m?dia de idade de 24,7 anos e predom?nio do sexo feminino (62,7%); 69 (46%) alocados para a aula expositiva dialogada (grupo interven??o) e 81 (54%) para aula expositiva tradicional (grupo controle). O desempenho dos grupos foi avaliado por um mesmo teste te?rico de conhecimento aplicado antes e ap?s a aula, onde os alunos do grupo controle demonstraram maior varia??o entre o primeiro e segundo teste (8,6 vs. 6,7 p=0,0001) resultado refor?ado pela magnitude do efeito tamb?m maior neste grupo (2,526 vs. 1,350). No pr?-teste, sem distin??o por grupo, o aproveitamento geral dos alunos foi de 50%, sendo maior a pontua??o m?dia do grupo submetido ? interven??o (p=0,003) e daqueles alunos testados no 7? semestre. Neste estudo, a aula expositiva dialogada determinou resultados finais similares ? aula tradicional (20,2 vs. 20,0 pontos no teste final) n?o sendo observado preju?zo na aprendizagem de curto prazo.
Wicks, David Andrew Greenwood. "Intravascular blood flow measurement by quantitative cineangiographic image analysis". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277411.
Pełny tekst źródłaVan, Paesschen Wim. "Quantitative MRI and hippocampal neuropathology of temporal lobe epilepsy". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265249.
Pełny tekst źródłaTan, Nguyen Khoa. "Supporting Quantitative Visual Analysis in Medicine and Biology in the Presence of Data Uncertainty". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Centrum för medicinsk bildvetenskap och visualisering, CMIV, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-103799.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe ISBN 978-91-7519-514-8 on the title page is incorrect. The correct ISBN is 978-91-7519-415-8.
ARAÚJO, Thiago Antônio de Souza. "Tâninos e flavonóides em plants medicinais da caatinga: um estudo de etnobotânica quantitativa". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/3231.
Pełny tekst źródłaNa última década vários modelos para análises quantitativas de dados etnobotânicos e etnofarmacológicos têm sido propostos e são, em sua maioria, baseados no consenso dos informantes. Neste trabalho nós procuramos testar a eficiência de diferentes estratégias metodológicas, comparando um índice (Valor de Importância Sindrômica - VIS) com os critérios de priorização baseado na lista livre e duas formas aleatórias para escolha de plantas dentro da abordagem etnodirigida. Essa eficiência foi avaliada por meio dos teores de taninos e flavonóides, associado com plantas que sugerem atividade cicatrizante e antiinflamatória. Para isso, realizamos entrevistas em uma comunidade rural na Caatinga do Nordeste do Brasil. Verificamos que o VIS demonstrou ser uma ferramenta eficaz ao revelar plantas com altos teores de taninos. Observamos que na comunidade estudada, os teores de flavonóides não estão relacionados com plantas indicadas no tratamento de inflamações e como cicatrizantes. Concluímos, entre outras coisas, que plantas medicinais da Caatinga conhecidas e/ou usadas para atividade antiinflamatória e cicatrizante são um bom critério para encontrar espécies com altos teores de taninos, porém este mesmo critério não serve para revelar plantas com altos teores de flavonóides
Malmsten, Anders. "Reverse Transcriptase Activity Assays for Retrovirus Quantitation and Characterization". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Genetics and Pathology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4737.
Pełny tekst źródłaReverse transcriptase (RT) is a crucial enzyme for retrovirus replication, and its presence in the virion is indispensable for infectivity. This thesis illustrates the use of RT activity assays as tools for quantitation and characterization of different retroviruses, particularly HIV.
A non radioactive assay, using microtiter plates, for the RT of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMuLV) was developed. Assay conditions for MMuLV and HIV-1 RT, together with isozyme specific RT activity blocking antibodies, were shown useful for discrimination between RTs from different retrovirus genera. RT activity assay for HIV-1 was found to quantitate different subtypes more equally efficient than p24 antigen assays did.
Viral load (VL), the amount of HIV particles in the blood, is an important marker of the clinical status of an infected person. A method for VL determination based on RT activity (ExaVir Load) was developed. After plasma pretreatment, to inactivate cellular DNA polymerases, virions in patient plasma were immobilized on a gel, which was washed to remove disturbing factors. The virions were lysed with a detergent containing buffer and the lysate eluted. Finally, the RT activity in the lysate was determined and found to correlate strongly to VL by RNA according to a PCR based standard method (Roche Amplicor 1.5). The second version of the method was able to measure VL down to approximately 400 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml. The usefulness of RT from the VL procedure for determination of susceptibility towards anti-HIV drugs was demonstrated, and the results were in agreement with genotypic data.
Due to its technical simplicity, and ability to detect a broad range of HIV-1 subtypes, ExaVir Load and the drug susceptibility application are interesting for clinical use, particularly but not only in resource limited settings. The concept is also potentially useful for research purposes, e.g. in combination with specific RT assay conditions.
Moore, Elizabeth Anne. "Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in arthritis and diabetic microvascular disease". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278798.
Pełny tekst źródłaHaynes, Rebecca Ilana. "Cognitive assessment and quantitative MRI in systemic lupus erythematosus". Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/ab9f054d-8c82-49a8-94d0-bb0197ee615b.
Pełny tekst źródłaPRESOTTO, LUCA. "Development and implementation of quantitative methods for cardiac applications of positron emission tomography". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/41954.
Pełny tekst źródłaHostetler, Dana M. "New methods for the examination of poor quality medicines". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43699.
Pełny tekst źródłaPunwani, Shonit. "The use of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in perinatal brain injury". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266160.
Pełny tekst źródłaPearson, Robert Henry. "A methodology for quantitative evaluation of change in breast parenchymal density". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367436.
Pełny tekst źródłaSingh, Hardial. "Quantitative assessment of myocardial ischaemia with thallium-201 myocardial perfusion imaging". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19297.
Pełny tekst źródłaGheduzzi, Sabina. "Fracture healing assessment by quantitative ultrasound measurements". Thesis, University of Bath, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341701.
Pełny tekst źródłaSonday, Farhaana. "Medicine therapy management for diabetic club Patients at a primary health care clinic: exploring a Potential role for pharmacists". University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7479.
Pełny tekst źródłaDiabetes mellitus is a complex chronic condition and has become a major public health concern worldwide. Many diabetic patients are accessing primary health care (PHC) clinics for diabetes care. Diabetic patients who are considered stable are referred to chronic diseases of lifestyle club at the PHC facility. Effective management of this chronic condition requires a multidisciplinary team approach to diabetes care. Pharmacists are not often included in a multidisciplinary team and would consist of doctors, nurses and dieticians. Teams may be expanded and require specialist healthcare members’ expertise who can assist in the management of this disease, for example, ophthalmologists and podiatrists. Adherence to standard treatment guidelines (STGs) for the management of diabetes by healthcare professionals at a primary care level can improve glycemic control, decrease health costs and reduce the development of long-term diabetic complications.
Thörn, Mari. "Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Cytochromes P450 mRNA in Human : Studies in the Liver, Blood and Gastrointestinal Mucosa". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5786.
Pełny tekst źródłaDrugs and other foreign compounds must often be metabolised before they can be excreted from the body. One enzyme system that is responsible for this is the cytochrome P450 gene family (CYP). In this thesis, new sensitive molecular techniques have been used to study the human gene expression of some CYP enzymes, as well as the P-glycoprotein transporter (P-gp). The aim was to evaluate whether tissues other than the liver, e.g. the blood, could be used to assess an individual's drug metabolic capacity. Another aim was to investigate the gene expression in relation to the liver transplant process and a third aim was to evaluate the expression in gastrointestinal mucosa in both normal and inflamed mucosa.
We evaluated the CYP gene expression in paired specimens of liver and blood but found no correlation in the expression patterns of these two tissues. Instead, we found the opposite pattern, where, for example, CYP1B1 had the highest expression in the blood but the lowest in the liver and CYP2E1 was the enzyme with the highest expression in the liver. In an investigation of the expression of four different CYP enzymes and P-gp in liver transplants before and during the first year after transplantation, we found that the levels of all the CYP enzymes but not P-gp increased with time. We also found that the expression of CYP3A4 was inversely related to the normalised plasma levels of the immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporine and tacrolimus.
In the gastrointestinal tract, CYP2E1 was the enzyme with the highest mRNA expression compared with CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and the transporter P-gp. CYP3A4 has its highest expression in the duodenum compared with the expression in the stomach and the colon. CYP3A5 is expressed at a higher level than CYP3A4 in the colon. P-gp expression levels increase through the gastrointestinal tract to the left colon. Gene expression levels of CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 decrease in severely inflamed rectal mucosa.
In conclusion, this is a sensitive method for studying gene activity in a clinical situation, even though at this point we are not able to use blood or gastrointestinal mucosa as “surrogate” tissue to estimate an individual’s drug metabolic capacity. The studies in liver transplants and gastrointestinal mucosa are unique in that the gene expression is investigated during a clinical course of events.
Salji, Mark J. "Quantitative proteomics and metabolomics of castration resistant prostate cancer". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30941/.
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