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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Meat free diet"
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Brown, Wendy Y., Barbara A. Vanselow, Andrew J. Redman i John R. Pluske. "An experimental meat-free diet maintained haematological characteristics in sprint-racing sled dogs". British Journal of Nutrition 102, nr 9 (1.06.2009): 1318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509389254.
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A dog's nutrient requirements can theoretically be met from a properly balanced meat-free diet; however, proof for this is lacking. Exercise places additional demands on the body, and dogs fed a meat-free diet may be at increased risk of developing sports anaemia. We hypothesised that exercising dogs would remain in good health and not develop anaemia when fed a nutritionally balanced meat-free diet. To this end, twelve sprint-racing Siberian huskies were fed either a commercial diet recommended for active dogs (n 6), or a meat-free diet formulated to the same nutrient specifications (n 6). The commercial diet contained 43 % poultry meal, whereas soyabean meal and maize gluten made up 43 % of the meat-free diet, as the main protein ingredients. Dogs were fed these diets as their sole nutrient intake for 16 weeks, including 10 weeks of competitive racing. Blood samples were collected at weeks 0, 3, 8 and 16, and veterinary health checks were conducted at weeks 0, 8 and 16. Haematology results for all dogs, irrespective of diet, were within normal range throughout the study and the consulting veterinarian assessed all dogs to be in excellent physical condition. No dogs in the present study developed anaemia. On the contrary, erythrocyte counts and Hb values increased significantly over time (P < 0·01) in both groups of dogs. The present study is the first to demonstrate that a carefully balanced meat-free diet can maintain normal haematological values in exercising dogs.
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Harrison, Sarah. "Parents face hostility about meat-free diet for children". Nursing Standard 17, nr 26 (12.03.2003): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.17.26.9.s21.
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rk, Erman, Beg rk, Suat Erus, Bahad Geni, Sevda anl, Emine Zorbozan i Behcet ar. "Is meat-free diet related to anxiety, depression and disordered eating behaviors? A cross-sectional survey in a Turkish sample". Annals of Medical Research 30, nr 5 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/annalsmedres.2023.01.026.
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Objective: The foods that we eat don't just impact our physical health. The link between what we eat and how we feel has become a trending topic. However, knowledge on the effects of diet types on this relation are still limited. The first aim of this study is to reveal the possible link between diet types and eating behaviors, anxiety and depression. Second one is to predict possible variables (demographic, health-related and medical) which cause higher depression scores among individuals following a meat-free diet and an omnivore diet. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based survey cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals with a meat-free diet and an omnivore diet (N = 836 with a vegan or a vegetarian diet, N = 519 with an omnivore diet) using an online questionnaire. Demographic, health-related and medical characteristics, The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R 21, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to assess variables. Results: A meat-free diet group showed significantly lower anxiety and depression scores, lower cognitive restraint, lower emotional eating and lower uncontrolled eating than omnivore diet group. Shared predictors of depression were dissatisfaction with physical appearance, uncontrolled eating and smoking in both meat-free diet group and omnivore diet group. Lower cognitive restraint and lower education level were predictors of depression in only omnivore diet group. Conclusion: This study revealed that an omnivore diet may be more associated with anxiety, depression, and some disordered eating behaviors than a meat-free diet.
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Skřivanová, V., E. Tůmová, M. Englmaierová, D. Chodová i M. Skřivan. "Do rearing system and free-range stocking density affect meat quality of chickens fed feed mixture with rapeseed oil?" Czech Journal of Animal Science 62, No. 4 (1.04.2017): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/79/2016-cjas.
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Recently, consumers have paid an attention to animal-friendly meat. The aim of the study was to evaluate the meat quality of breast muscles in indoor and free-range chickens with respect to the stocking density of outdoor chickens (8.3 or 4.15 birds per m<sup>2</sup>) fed feed with rapeseed oil. The free-range chickens reached 96 and 97% of the final live weight of the indoor chickens and their feed : gain ratio was by 7 and 9% higher. The pasture intake had a small effect on the breast meat quality and was presumably associated with rapeseed oil in the basal diet which strongly influenced meat monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid content and reduced the effect of pasture. The free-range system and lower stocking density led to an increase in muscle fibre cross-sectional area and diameter and a higher meat shear force (P = 0.003). Concerning the meat sensory properties, the total acceptability of the meat of free-range chickens with a lower stocking density was found to be lower compared with the other groups.esults indicate a minor effect of the rearing system and free-range stocking density on chicken meat quality, and also that meat quality in experiments with free-range housing can be affected by a fat source in basal diet.
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Asher, Kathryn E., i Paul Peters. "Meat reduction, vegetarianism, or chicken avoidance: US omnivores’ impressions of three meat-restricted diets". British Food Journal 123, nr 1 (18.09.2020): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-04-2020-0307.
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PurposeMeat consumption has a variety of implications in society. While various types of meat-restricted diets exist to address this, not enough is known about how the average meat consumer views different avenues to lessening their intake. In response, this study aims to assess US omnivores’ impressions of three meat-restricted diets.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was administered to a cross-sectional, census-balanced sample from Nielsen of 30,000+ US adults. Omnivores (N = 928) were randomized into one of the three conditions where they were asked about their perceptions of a vegetarian diet, a reduced-meat diet or a chicken-free diet as individuals not currently following that dietary pattern.FindingsThe findings showed that omnivores had a more favorable perception of a reduced-meat diet on a greater number of study variables as compared to the vegetarian or chicken-free diets. The research also demonstrated that a majority of omnivores were in the precontemplation stage of cognitive change, suggesting that most American omnivores are not actively demonstrating a readiness to alter their meat consumption in the ways presented.Originality/valueThis research is the first to examine the comparative trends around these three diets among omnivores. It also speaks to how the desirability of meat restriction varies by type of approach, i.e. elimination or reduction, and if the latter, what type. The findings may be of relevance for efforts to reduce global meat consumption for ethical, health, or environmental reasons.
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Conrad, Zach, Micaela Karlsen, Kenneth Chui i Lisa Jahns. "Diet quality on meatless days: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012". Public Health Nutrition 20, nr 9 (8.03.2017): 1564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001700026x.
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AbstractObjectiveTo compare diet quality scores between adult non-meat eaters and meat eaters, and to compare the consumption of diet components across quintiles of diet quality.DesignCross-sectional analysis. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were used to assess mean diet quality. Differences in consumption of diet components between quintiles of diet quality were tested usingpost hocWald tests andztests.SettingThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012.SubjectsThe sample consisted of 16810 respondents aged≥18 years, including 280 individuals who reported not consuming meat, poultry, game birds or seafood on two non-consecutive days of dietary recall. Dietary data were obtained from one dietary recall per individual.ResultsNon-meat eaters had substantially greater HEI-2010 and AHEI-2010 scores than meat eaters (P<0·05). Among non-meat eaters, mean consumption across HEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of empty calories and unsaturated:saturated fatty acids. Mean consumption across AHEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of nuts and legumes, vegetables and PUFA.ConclusionsPublic health messages targeted at vegetarians and others who may choose to eat meat-free on certain days should emphasize decreased consumption of empty calories, and increased consumption of nuts and legumes, PUFA and vegetables, as a way to improve overall dietary quality.
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Navarro, D. M. D. L., J. K. Mathai, N. W. Jaworski i H. H. Stein. "Amino acid digestibility in six sources of meat and bone meal, blood meal, and soybean meal fed to growing pigs". Canadian Journal of Animal Science 98, nr 4 (1.12.2018): 860–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2017-0217.
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Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AAs) by growing pigs was determined in blood meal and six sources of meat and bone meal (MBM). Eighteen ileal-cannulated barrows (initial body weight: 69.3 ± 4.4 kg) were randomly allotted to a replicated 4 × 9 incomplete Latin square design with four periods and nine diets, giving eight replications per diet. One diet included 33% soybean meal (SBM) as the sole source of AA. Seven diets contained 9% blood meal or 9% of one of the six sources of MBM and 22% SBM as the only AA containing ingredients. The last diet was a nitrogen (N) free diet. Results indicated that the SID of all AAs were different (P < 0.05) among the six sources of MBM, but the SID of lysine (Lys) could not be predicted from the ratio between Lys and crude protein. For some, but not all AAs, the average SID in MBM was greater (P < 0.05) than in blood meal, but for most AAs the SID in MBM was less (P < 0.05) than in SBM. It is concluded that, as is the case for most other co-products, differences in concentration and SID of AAs among sources of MBM exist.
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HAMADA, Mohamed, Mabrouk ABD ELDAIM, Said I. FATHALLA, Naser A. AL HUMAM, Ayman EL BEHIRY i Elke ALBRECHT. "Meat Safety and Quality of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Thyme Essential Oil". Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 1, nr 79 (15.05.2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:2021.0017.
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Ninety, one-day-old Cobb chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups, each with 3 replicates. A control group was fed a standard diet, whereas the other two treatment groups received a diet with 0.2 or 0.3 mL thyme essential oil (TEO) per kg of the diet for 21 days. The 0.3 group had more meat protein (P ≤ 0.048) than the control group, while the other meat constituents have not changed. Meat sensory parameters (external aspect, odour, colour, and elasticity) declined (P < 0.001), while meat quality parameters (pH, total volatile nitrogen TVN, thiobarbituric acid number TBA, peroxide value PV, and free fatty acids FFA) increased (P < 0.001), through storage of the groups. In TEO groups, improved (P < 0.001) meat overall scores, external aspect and muscular elasticity was observed compared to control. Quality parameters were improved (P < 0.001) including pH, TVN, TBA, PV, and FFA, compared to control during storage. TEO had no effect on heavy metal concentrations while reducing bacterial contamination in meat. TEO 0.2 samples were positive for Salmonella Kentuckey and Staphylococcus aureus, while TEO 0.3 group were free from pathogenic bacteria. Thyme essential oil can enhance quality, and safety of the chilled broiler’s breast meat.
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Majid, Rauf, Zaid Khidhir, Arazu Hamma i Kh Albashr. "Effect of Using Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) As Feed Additive on Some Meat Traits of Broiler Chicks". Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences 20, nr 2 (17.12.2022): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjas.20.2.7.
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The present study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary additive with parsley on some meat traits of the breast and thigh meat of broiler chicks, at eight-day old, chicks will be divided equally on floor pens into 5 groups, each group contained 3 replicates (8 chicks/ each). Treatments are dividing as (T1), using basal diet free from parsley as control (T2), using basal diet plus 3 gm. parsley/Kg of diet (T3), using basal diet plus 6 gm. parsley/Kg of diet (T4), using basal diet plus 9 gm. parsley/Kg of diet (T5), using basal diet plus 12 gm. parsley/Kg of diet. In the end of this experiment all after the slaughtering the broiler, the sample will be taken from breast and thigh. Adding parsley to feed of chicks effect significantly (p<0.01) on chemical composition in breast and thigh meat, and high percentages recorded in meat from broiler chicks fed on parsley, adding of parsley as feed additive promote significantly (p<0.01) physical traits, TBA, TVN.B values, Met- myoglobin and Myoglobin value of breast and thigh meat of broiler chicks, using parsley effect significantly on some amino acids percentages in breast and thigh meat of broiler chicks, adding parsley effect significantly in Chromium, Copper, Nickel and Zinc concentrations in thigh meat, also effect on Iron concentrations in breast meat.
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Szendrő, Katalin, Mónika Zita Nagy i Katalin Tóth. "Consumer Acceptance of Meat from Animals Reared on Insect Meal as Feed". Animals 10, nr 8 (30.07.2020): 1312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081312.
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Insect protein production requires much less land, feed, and water, and thus has a much smaller ecological footprint than animal protein production, which is important for reducing global warming. Poultry, pigs, and fish consume insects in nature, so insect meal could be a good substitute for soybean and fishmeal as a protein source in diets. The aim of this study was to examine consumer opinion on meat that originated from animals whose diet contained insect meal. The study was conducted in Hungary in 2020 (N = 414). On a scale of 1–7, respondents gave much lower scores (3.96) to this product than that which originated from a free-range system (5.11; p < 0.001). Male, more highly educated, and 30–39 year-old respondents gave significantly higher scores than other groups. The most important factor in accepting insect meal in animal feed was “no risk”, while the least important factor was “replacement of Genetically Modified (GM) soybeans”. Since free-range animals also consume insects, the difference in the attitude of respondents was based on their aversion to insects, while accepting free-range as the best animal welfare system. Thus, more emphasis should be placed on the benefits of insect meal in animal feed in order to bring about awareness and acceptance.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Meat free diet"
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Baumann, Andreas. "Greenhouse gas emissions associated with different meat-free diets in Sweden". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-200616.
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The production of food is responsible for large share of the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. There is a wide range of emissions associated with different food-groups. In particular the production of meat from ruminants causes higher emissions compared to plant-based food. This study compared two different types of meat-free diets (ovo-lacto-vegetarian and vegan) in Sweden and the emission of greenhouse gases that are connected to the aliment and beverages that are consumed in these diets. Dietary records were used to obtain real data on what food is consumed on a weekly basis. On average the food consumed by the vegan sample caused lower emissions that the food consumed by the vegetarian sample. The average vegan diet caused 591 kg CO2e per year whereas the average vegetarian diet caused 761 kg CO2e. The annual difference is thus 170 kg. These findings are in line with existing research although recent studies often used hypothetical diets instead of real data.
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Radebe, Nomvula Emily. "Utilization of whole hatchery waste meal as alternative feedstuff in broiler diets". Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/168.
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Thesis (M. Tech.(Agriculture: Animal Production)) - Central University of technology, Free State, 2012A 42-day feeding trial involving 180 day old broiler chicks was carried out at Glen Agric Institute ARC poultry section to study the effects of whole hatchery waste meal (WHWM) as an alternative in broiler diets. In this study whole hatchery waste meal (WHHW) replaced fish meal (FM), protein for protein, in broiler diets at 0, 10, 20, and 30% levels. One hundred and eighty broiler chickens were grouped, 45 birds per treatment which were further replicated 3 times (15 birds per replicate) in a completely randomized design. Feed and water supply were offered to birds ad libitum while standard management practices were meticulously adopted. Samples of the two test ingredients were sent to a lab for chemical analysis and the results indicated that FM had higher content of crude protein (73.18%) while that of WHWM was 4226. The calcium phosphorus ratio was 16.6:1 for WHWM as against 1.5:1 in the FM. The results also indicated a higher content of Ash% and Ether extract for WHWM (18.12) and (23.94) respectively. The higher ash content could be due to the high content of eggshell at the time of processing. At the end of the feeding trial broiler performance, blood, carcass characteristics and the economic benefit of using WHWM in broiler diets were determined. Blood and meat samples were collected and sent to the pathology laboratory at the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein for hematological and meat characteristics analysis. Results for broiler performance showed that broilers fed diet 2 had highest values for feed intake (118.25g/bird/day), weight gain (50.16g/bird/day) and daily protein intake (29.08g/bird/day) while those fed with diet 3 were superior in the efficiency of feed conversion (2.31). The highest value of abdominal fat 1.12% was observed in birds fed diet 2. The highest live mass was observed in birds fed diets containing no WHWM (2.83), while non significant difference were observed in live mass of birds fed diet 1, 3 and 4. Broilers fed control diet had highest mean values for eviscerated weight (2.20kg) and dressing percentage (77.86%). Blood samples were sent for analysis of White blood cells (WBC), Red blood cells (RBC) and Haemoglobin (HGB), Hematogrit (HCT), Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). The results showed marginal variations in blood parameters. White blood cell counts were higher for birds fed control diet (519.59 x 103/1) than those fed WHWM (484.93 X 103/1). Non significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed on the HGB of all treatment groups including the control group. RBC counts of T1-T3 were not significantly different from each other but statistically significantly different from T4 (30% WHWM). The highest value of 2.67 106/ mm3 was observed in birds fed a higher level of WHWM. High RBC and HGB counts in the birds fed WHWM are an indicative of higher oxygen carrying capacity. The HCT and MCH results showed nonsignificant differences between T1, T3 and T4, except T2 which was significantly different from the other treatment groups. The MCV values for T1-T4 were 132.58, 126.47, 129.15 and 128.15 10'15L respectively. The highest and lowest values were recorded on T1 and T2 respectively. The feed costs decreased with an increase in the level of WHWM in broiler diets. The lowest feed cost/kg weight gain of R8.69 recorded for broilers fed on diet three. This agrees with several studies which documented the use of hatching waste in poultry diet as means of reducing feed cost (Babiker et al 1991; Abiola, 1999; Abiola, 2000; Abiola and Onunkwor 2004). It can be concluded that 10% of FM can be replaced with WHWM in broiler diets without adverse effects on growth, hematological and carcass traits.
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Pacheco, Gabriel Faria Estivallet. "Suplementação de antioxidante a base de algas em dietas para cães contendo níveis elevados de ácidos graxos saturados ou insaturados". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/181138.
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O presente estudo avaliou as alterações dos marcadores de estresse oxidativo em cães adultos alimentados com dietas com altos níveis de ácidos graxos (AG) saturados ou insaturado, suplementadas ou não com antioxidante natural à base de algas. Doze cães Beagle adultos sadios (6 machos e 6 fêmeas, 2 anos de idade, 11,2 ± 1,92 kg PV) foram distribuídos em dois blocos inteiramente casualizados e alimentados com 4 dietas experimentais revestidas com 2 fontes lipídicas: saturadas (13% de sebo bovino) ou insaturadas (13% de óleo de soja enriquecido com DHA), suplementadas ou não com 500 mg de antioxidantes naturais à base de algas (AOX) por 4 semanas, intercalados com um período de adaptação de 4 semanas. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas nos dias 0, 15 e 30 de cada bloco. Glutationa peroxidase (GSH-Px), superóxido dismutase (SOD), grupo sulfidrila, carbonilação de proteínas (PC), substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e potencial antioxidante reativo total (TRAP) foram avaliados no soro. Enquanto GSH-Px, SOD, glutationa S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), grupo sulfidrila e TBARS foram medidos nos eritrócitos. Não houve diferença significativa na maioria dos marcadores oxidativos avaliados. Em contraste, a atividade de GST nos eritrócitos foi maior nos animais que consumiram as dietas revestidas com sebo bovino em comparação com animais que consumiram dietas revestidas com óleo de soja enriquecida com DHA (P < 0,05). O soro dos animais alimentados com as dietas suplementadas com AOX apresentaram maiores valores de TRAP (P < 0,05). Os dados demonstraram que as concentrações de ácidos graxos insaturados utilizados nas dietas para cães adultos não foram suficientes para causar grandes alterações no estado oxidativo. Não foi possível avaliar a eficiência do antioxidante natural em manter o equilíbrio oxidativo dos animais, pois parece que o organismo não foi desafiado pelas dietas ricas em AG insaturados. Isso sugere que cães como descendentes de carnívoros podem ter alguma proteção natural contra a oxidação.The present study evaluated the alterations of the oxidative stress markers in adult dogs fed with high levels of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, supplemented or not with natural algae based antioxidant. Twelve healthy adult Beagle dogs (6 males and 6 females, 2 years old, 11.2 ± 1.92 kg BW), were distributed in 2 completely randomized blocks and fed with 4 experimental diets coated with 2 lipid sources: saturated (13% bovine tallow) or unsaturated (13% soybean oil enriched with DHA), supplemented or not with with 500 mg of algaebased natural antioxidant (AOX) for 4 weeks, intercalated with a 4 week adaptation period. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 15 and 30 of each block. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), sulfhydryl group, protein carbonylation (PC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) were evaluated in serum. While GSH-Px, SOD, glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), sulfhydryl group and TBARS were measured in erythrocytes. There was no significant difference in most of the oxidative markers evaluated. In contrast, GST activity in erythrocytes was greater in the animals that consumed the diets coated with bovine tallow compared to animals that consumed diets coated with soybean oil enriched with DHA (P < 0.05). Serum from animals fed diets supplemented with AOX presented greater TRAP values (P < 0.05). The data demonstrate that the concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids used in the diets for adult dogs were not sufficient to cause large changes in the oxidative status. It was not possible to evaluate the efficiency of the natural antioxidant in maintaining the oxidative balance of the animals once seems like the body was not challenged by the unsaturated diets. It suggests that dogs descended from carrion carnivore dogs may have some natural protection against oxidation.
Książki na temat "Meat free diet"
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Snyder, Millie. Light fantastic!: Over 200 fun, flavorful, fat-reduced, and meat-free recipes. Rocklin, CA: Prima Pub., 1996.
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Anne, Sheasby, red. 70 vegetarian every day low fat recipes: Fabulous, fresh and healthy meat-free dishes beautifully illustrated with more than 300 inspirational photographs. London: Southwater, 2007.
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Betty, Wedman-St Louis. Living gluten-free: Meal plans, recipes, and consumer tips. Springfield, Ill: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 2008.
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Reader, Diane. Pass the pepper please!: Healthy meal planning for people on sodium restricted diets. [Wayzata, Minn.]: International Diabetes Center, 1988.
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MacDowell, Liz. Meat Free Keto. Victory Belt Publishing, 2018.
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Meat-free meals. London: Simon & Schuster, 2012.
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Livin', Wheat Free. Wheat Free Living - Meat Cookbook: Wheat free living on the wheat free diet. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014.
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Marsh, Elizabeth. Paleo: Meat. Wilkinson Publishing, 2016.
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Scott, Gabriel. Mediterranean Diet for Vegans: Essential Vegiterranean Recipes for the Ultimate Healthy Lifestyle Meat-Free, Egg-Free, Dairy-Free. Independently Published, 2021.
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Basic Alkaline vegan recipe for beginners: Plant based vegan diet following Dr Sebi guidelines. Amazon, 2020.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Meat free diet"
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McClements, David Julian. "Staying Alive: Is a Meat-Free Diet Safer?" W Meat Less: The Next Food Revolution, 85–111. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23961-8_5.
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Sakashita, Chika, R. F. Soames Job i Matts-Åke Belin. "Miscommunications Based on Different Meanings of “Safe” and Their Implications for the Meaning of Safe System". W The Vision Zero Handbook, 841–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_49.
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AbstractWhile many countries are apparently adopting “Safe System” for road safety, the failure to deliver the vision of zero deaths and serious injuries continues in part due to the lack of a rigorous and agreed definition of “safe” in road safety. Multiple authoritative definitions of the adjective “safe” exist which may be categorized as probabilistic and absolute. While apparently similar, these definitions are in a fundamental sense inconsistent with each other. The probabilistic definition involves degrees of safety, through probabilities that harm is not likely or unlikely, or that there is little risk. The absolute definition presents safety as free from harm or not involving any risk or protected from danger. Road safety is currently communicated as though there is an agreed meaning of safe, but the vital conversation around what is meant by safe is not undertaken because the difference in usage of the term safe is not appreciated. For example, in road design and engineering, road design standards are generally developed to achieve this probabilistic definition of safety and not absolute safety: the road can be described as safe because it by itself (with perfect use) will not cause a crash, even though people still die on it. Based on the absolute definition of safe, such roads are not safe as unambiguously demonstrated by people dying on them. Calls for roads to be made safe employing the absolute definition are often met with the response that they are already safe (in the probabilistic sense), having been built to “accepted” design guidelines. The acceptance of the probabilistic definition of safe for Safe System hinders progress toward its fundamental aims of zero deaths and serious injuries. In order to achieve zero deaths and serious injuries, uniform understanding and acceptance of “safe” adopting the absolute definition is needed.
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Sakashita, Chika, R. F. Soames Job i Matts-Åke Belin. "Miscommunications Based on Different Meanings of “Safe” and Their Implications for the Meaning of Safe System". W The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_49-1.
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AbstractWhile many countries are apparently adopting “Safe System” for road safety, the failure to deliver the vision of zero deaths and serious injuries continues in part due to the lack of a rigorous and agreed definition of “safe” in road safety. Multiple authoritative definitions of the adjective “safe” exist which may be categorized as probabilistic and absolute. While apparently similar, these definitions are in a fundamental sense inconsistent with each other. The probabilistic definition involves degrees of safety, through probabilities that harm is not likely or unlikely, or that there is little risk. The absolute definition presents safety as free from harm or not involving any risk or protected from danger. Road safety is currently communicated as though there is an agreed meaning of safe, but the vital conversation around what is meant by safe is not undertaken because the difference in usage of the term safe is not appreciated. For example, in road design and engineering, road design standards are generally developed to achieve this probabilistic definition of safety and not absolute safety: the road can be described as safe because it by itself (with perfect use) will not cause a crash, even though people still die on it. Based on the absolute definition of safe, such roads are not safe as unambiguously demonstrated by people dying on them. Calls for roads to be made safe employing the absolute definition are often met with the response that they are already safe (in the probabilistic sense), having been built to “accepted” design guidelines. The acceptance of the probabilistic definition of safe for Safe System hinders progress toward its fundamental aims of zero deaths and serious injuries. In order to achieve zero deaths and serious injuries, uniform understanding and acceptance of “safe” adopting the absolute definition is needed.
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Rybicka, Iga, Karolina Bohdan i Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski. "Meat alternatives—market and cunsumption". W Sustainable food. Production and consumption perspectives, 118–31. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-209-2/8.
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Elimination of animal-based products, often related to a vegetarian or vegan diet, is one of the most popular nutritional trends observed around the world. This chapter provides an overview of the assortment, market and consumption of various meat alternatives. Products replacing meat are made of various types of (mostly) plant-based raw materials including pulses/legumes, cereal proteins (mainly gluten), oilseeds, fungi (edible mushrooms) and algae; however, cultured meat and edible insects are also described. The market of meat alternatives was estimated at USD 10,11 billion in 2022 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of minimum 15% by 2030. Europe has the largest share (52%) of the global market followed by North America (27%), Asia Pacific (12%), Latin America (6%) and Middle East and Africa (4%). The top producers are Beyond Meat, Boulder Brands, Hain Celestia, Nestlé, Garden Protein International, Vivera, Lightlife Foods, Woolworths, Naturli’ Foods and Sainsbury’s. Despite the fact that vegetarians and vegans constitute 6.4% and 6% of global consumers, respectively, more and more people are willing to either reduce the consumption of meat (62%) or animal-origin (42%) products. This is due to the fact that the consumption of meat-free products plays a role in sustainable development considering multiple health, economic and environmental issues.
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Eveleigh, Elizabeth, Lisa Coneyworth i Simon Welham. "The Role of Micronutrients and Micronutrient Supplements in Vegetarian and Vegan Diets". W Dietary Supplements - Challenges and Future Research [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109595.
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Vegetarian and vegan diets are becoming increasingly popular in Western countries. Numerous global nutrition bodies advocate that appropriately planned meat-free diets are suitable for all the life cycle stages. Nutritionally adequate vegetarian and vegan diets may provide substantial health benefits and reduction of disease states. However, many studies have identified that recommendations for certain micronutrients may be harder to achieve when following these diets. Micronutrient deficiencies can cause several serious health issues throughout life if not prevented and treated. The outcomes of micronutrient deficiencies are particularly severe in vulnerable individuals, including pregnant women and children. Given the large number of individuals now selecting to follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, it is important to address the challenge of achieving micronutrient requirements and to identify methods, such as supplementation, to improve micronutrient intakes in vegetarian and vegan groups.
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Jones, Michael Owen. "Mary Shelley’s Nightmare and Percy Shelley’s Dream". W Frankenstein Was a Vegetarian, 89–111. University Press of Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496839930.003.0007.
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Like Dr. Frankenstein's creature that ate wild berries and garden produce, some people reject the partaking of any kind of flesh. Among them was one of England's greatest lyricists, Percy Shelley, who advocated a vegetable diet, atheism, free love, and the reformation of society that could begin with changing an individual's eating habits. This chapter first presents background on his wife, Mary Shelley, who experienced a nightmare that she described in a chapter in her novel, Frankenstein. Then it focuses on Percy's denunciation of meat consumption in poetry and in a pamphlet in 1813 promoting the salubrious effects of a “natural diet.” Employing arguments resonating today, Shelley adamantly opposed killing and eating animals on grounds of health and morality, but also in criticism of wealth, power, and commercial interests. He marshalled evidence defending his vision of a world of benevolence, equality, and the cure of various diseases; he included as testimony his own switch to vegetarianism from which, however, he sometimes lapsed for several reasons that are explained.
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Derqui, Belén, i Hanna Gendel Guterman. "Offer me Inspiring Values; I do not care about Branding! What the different types of meat-free diet segments want". W Plant-Based Food Consumption, 59–81. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-98828-5.00009-7.
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Kemmerer, Lisa. "Introduction". W Eating Earth. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199391844.003.0005.
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When i was in my twenties on a Watson Fellowship that took me to the Tibetan Plateau, I met an Irishman at a low-end restaurant. We had dinner together. Though each of us had met many other people in our travels, there was something magnetic about our connection—I refer to the negative ends of a magnet. We disagreed about pretty much everything. At the time, I would best have been described as a budding philosopher, ethicist, atheist, feminist, and animal liberationist; he was a scientist, mathematician, born-again Christian, and environmentalist. Ideologically we had almost nothing in common, but since we had both been traveling for months with little opportunity to speak English (and even less to engage in meaningful discussions) we spent our days together . . . and argued almost perpetually. Because we tended to meet at dinner, and because I was a vegetarian, our disagreements usually began over food, then spread to innumerable other areas of discord. Despite the discord, we continued our discussions long after we returned to our respective homes. Yet neither reason nor heartfelt pleas shifted the Irishman to a plant-based diet. He was sympathetic to human moral responsibilities for animal suffering (ever the Christian), but on learning of the cruelty of animal agriculture, he merely shifted to “happy meat” and the eggs of “free range” chickens. Though I feverishly pointed to the horrific transport and dependable adolescent slaughter of grass-fed and “free range” animals, and the absence of any nutritional need for animal products in our diet, my energy was wasted. Ultimately, it was the Irishman’s concern for the environment, combined with his predilection for numbers, that altered his dietary choices. Recently my friend composed an essay for an anthology I was putting together, about animal advocacy and environmentalism and the search for common ground. In the process, he applied his math and science skills to calculate the ratio of the mass of wild birds to the ratio of the mass of chickens in the U.K.—1:104. His horror was palpable despite his wry response: “For every ten grams of wild bird, somewhere out there (and close) lies a full kilo of chicken.”
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Srivastava, Komal. "Autism and Diet". W Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 194–210. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.ch010.
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The parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often try alternative treatments to reduce their children's symptoms, and one of the alternatives is a specialized diet. This diet is called gluten-free casein-free or GFCF diet. The GFCF diet has grown popular over the years. These children may be sensitive to the taste, smell, color, and texture of foods. They may limit or totally avoid some foods and even whole food groups. They may have difficulty focusing on one task for an extended period of time. It may be hard for a child to sit down and eat a meal from start to finish. The chapter highlights the impact of maternal nutrition, nutritional deficiencies, and GFCF diet in ASD.
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Kumar, Raushan, i Syed Ibrahim Rizvi. "The Protective Role of Nutraceuticals and Functional Food in Hyperlipidemia". W Nutraceutical and Functional Foods in Disease Prevention, 233–54. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3267-5.ch008.
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Diets rich in fats and cholesterol are mainly responsible for the production of free radicals which contribute to the incidence of hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. Both of these are the major factors responsible for CVDs. Hyperlipidemia is characterized by elevated level of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and reduced level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in serum. The main role of diet is to provide ample amount of nutrients to meet the nutritional requirements of an individual. However, there are increasing scientific approaches helping the hypothesis that some food ingredients have beneficial effects over and above the provision of the basic nutrients. So in this chapter, the main focus is food categorized under nutraceutical and functional food and their various protective roles in the case of hyperlipidemia.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Meat free diet"
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ISMAILOV, Ismail Sagidovich, Nina Vladimirovna TREGUBOVA, Rashid Hasanbievich KOCHKAROV, Anna Victorovna MORGUNOVA i Natalija Alecseevna DRIZHD. "THE RELATIONSHEEP OF AMINO ACID METABOLISM WITH PRODUCTIVITY OF GROWING YOUNG SHEEP". W RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.125.
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A number of studies on digestion of the ruminants have shown the process of synthesis of all the essential amino acids in the rumen (Abu Fadel, 2004; Trukhachev, V., Zlidnev, N. 2008). However, according to some researches, microbial protein is deficient in methionine and lysine. This assumption also proves the need for further study of the influence of balanced amino acids to these diets on the growth, development and productive performance of the ruminants. Scientific approbation of the issues related to establishing the requirements of young sheep in lysine and methionine with cystine and development of recommendations for their proper balance in animal rations have been conducted along with a series of physiological, scientific and practical experiments. For this purpose, we used the following research methods: preparative, analytical, measuring and calculating. Zootechnical evaluation of young sheep’s diet with different levels of lysine and methionine with cysteine has been conducted, and influence of these components on growth, development, metabolism, the use of amino acids and wool productivity have been studied. The importance of studying the content of amino acids in plasma is evident because they are the indicators of protein metabolism in the animals’ organism and represent themselves the exchange fund when used in the biochemical transformations in the process of updating the protein of the body tissues and the synthesis of animal products. Increase in young sheep’s diet of lysine and methionine can improve their productivity, reduce the cost of feed energy and improve biochemical indexes of meat, taking into account the optimization of its amino acid composition. Efficiency increase of young sheep during the process of the individual development is linked to conditions of feeding and in particular the usefulness of a protein food, which is primarily determined by sufficient intake of essential amino acids - lysine and methionine with cystine. Thus, the inclusion in the diet of growing young sheep some amount of synthetic amino acids – 6–8 grams of lysine and 3–4 g of methionine per 1 fodder unit, enhances oxidation-reduction processes, increase productivity, i.e. wool yield and other indicators. The content of free amino acids in plasma directly depends on their availability in feed. The use of synthetic amino acids (lysine, methionine and cystine) contributed to the increase of their content in a free state in the blood serum, indicating their increased demand in sheep. With the use of different doses of synthetic amino acids (lysine, methionine, cystine) in the diets of young sheep it has been found that the organization of optimum conditions of feeding, care and management of sheep in winter season help to avoid abrupt changes in the structure of the skin, to ensure the normal development of the histological structure and morphogenetic processes.)
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Xie, Weidong, Kuo-Chuan Liu i Mark Brillhart. "Pb-Free Thin Small Outline Package (TSOP) Board Level Reliability Study". W ASME 2009 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME 2009 Summer Heat Transfer Conference and the ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/interpack2009-89183.
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Thin Small Outline Package (TSOP) are one of the most commonly used surface mount components due to its low overall cost. Traditionally leadframe packages such as TSOP or Quad Flat Package (QFP) are less of a concern (if assembled with SnPb eutectic solder paste) about their long term reliability and often exempted from board level qualification testing as the mechanical compliance of metal leads mitigate the stresses due to the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) mismatch between the package and Print Circuit Board (PCB). Therefore more attention has been put on the solder joint reliability of Pb-free Ball Grid Array (BGA) packages over leadframe packages while the industry is moving away from SnPb eutectic solder materials to meet RoHS regulatory requirements. The authors have observed that TSOPs if assembled with Pb-free solder materials could fail at very early stages during qualification testing (in some case as early as 300 cycles under standard 0°C to 100°C thermal cycling). Since most Pb-free solder materials such as SnAgCu are mechanically more rigid than SnPb eutectic solder material, higher stresses are expected be induced in solder joints during temperature excursions. Pb-free solder materials’ wicking behavior may also contribute to the early failures. In this study, long term reliability of a flash memory TSOP has been investigated. These tested TSOPs, assembled on 93mil-thick PCBs with SAC305 paste, are of two configurations: one with single die and the other with stacked quadruple dies. Some test vehicles have been thermally aged under four different thermal aging conditions to study the aging effect on Pb-free solder joint life. Finite element analysis (FEA) modeling has also been employed to further investigate the impact of other parameters such as die size, package size, and the number of dies that being stacked inside one package.
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Kumar, Deepak, i Garima Gupta. "IDDF2020-ABS-0020 Monitoring adherence to gluten-free diet using mean platelet volume in children with celiac disease". W Abstracts of the International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF), 22–23 November 2020, Hong Kong. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-iddf.44.
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Negrea, Monica, Ileana Cocan, Ersilia Alexa, Diana Obistioiu i Daniela Stoin. "EVALUATION OF HIGH NUTRITIONAL BREAD OBTAINED FROM WHOLE WHEAT FLOUR, KONJAC AND PSYLLIUM BLENDS". W 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.22.
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The current orientation towards a healthy, calorie-free, high nutritional diet requires the identification and study of new ingredients with high nutritional properties, which introduced into the bread consumed daily, contribute to a suitable diet both for people with special diet needs and for healthy people. In this regard, the use of vegetal matrices such as konjac flour and psyllium bran in the bakery products represents a new idea that could be implemented in the food industry in order to diversify the range of low glycemic and high fiber bakery products. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of konjac flour and psyllium bran as sources of dietary fibre at different level of substitution of whole wheat flour (0%, 5%, 10%) on the physical-chemical composition, textural and sensorial properties of developed bread. Results showed that the nutritional value of the studied bread samples increased significantly with increasing levels of konjac flour and psyllium bran. The mean sensory scores obtained showed that bread with 10% substitution KF5PB5 (5% konjac flour + 5% psyllium husk) had the highest taste, texture, crust and overall acceptability scores in all the attributes evaluated showing high acceptability from consumers. This study aimed to obtain seven types of bakery products with high fibre content and gluten free: control bread � CB; 5% konjac flour � KF5; 10% konjac flour � KF10; 5% psyllium bran � PB5; 10% psyllium bran - PB10; 5% konjac flour and 5% psyllium bran � KF5PB5; 10% konjac flour and 10% psyllium bran � KF10PB10 and evaluate their bakery parameters, nutritional value and consumer acceptance.
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Silveira, Rayanne Maria Brandão da, Marcela Marques de Oliveira Gregório, Elza Marcia Targar Yacubian i Laura Maria de Figueiredo Ferreira Guilhoto. "Cardiovascular risk in adults with drug-resistant epilepsy submitted to the modified atkins diet". W XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.728.
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Introduction: The modified Atkins diet (MAD) the carbohydrates are limited to 15–30 g/d and high fat intake is encouraged. It are used in children, being less studied in adults Objectives: To assess the impact of MAD over a 6-month period in adults with drug-resistant epilepsy in terms of reduction in seizure frequency and cardiovascular risk. Methods: Prospective and interventional study.Inclusion criteria:patients aged 18–60 yrs, with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, without surgical indication or in the postoperative of epilepsy surgery. Exclusion criteria were: use of corticosteroids, metabolic diseases, cholecystectomy or nephrolithiasis, inadequate nutrition, uncooperative parents or caregivers and inadequate sociofamily dynamics. All started the diet at a 1:1 ratio and ASMs. Study periods: baseline (P0), six month (P6). Carotid and vertebral Doppler ultrasounds were performed at P0 and P6 in order to assess possible alterations related to of the carotid arteries the intima-media thickness. Results: Twenty patients are being followed up, 12 of which started the MAD, and of these, 6 completed the six-month period of diet therapy and underwent pre and post-diet exams. The 6 patients showed no increase in mean total, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides cholesterol levels.There was no change in the thickness of the myointimal complex of any patient, made by comparative analysis by ultrasonographic exam before and after six months of starting the diet. Four out of 6 patients had >50% reduction in seizures (two seizure free) and two had no change in frequency. Conclusion: MAD for six months in adults with drug-resistant focal epilepsy had a significant effect on the reduction of epileptic seizures and did not reveal alterations in the myointimal wall of the carotid arteries.
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Chen, Weilong. "A Development of Virtual Manufacturing System for Magnesium High Pressure Die Casting Processes". W ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-55228.
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In recent years, high-pressure die-casting magnesium components have been gaining currency worldwide because of the excellent properties that magnesium alloys can offer to meet new product requirements. With the increasing application of magnesium parts worldwide, many research and development projects have been carried out to advance HPDC technology. However, truly optimized mold design and production of defect free castings remains a challenge for die casters. For many HPDC magnesium products, especially those specified for porosity-free and high cosmetic requirement, the challenge not only comes form a lack of a deeper understanding of how molten magnesium alloys fill the mold cavity and form defects, but also from improper preliminary part design. This study proposes a virtual prototyping system that integrates several effective soft and hardware tools for both the part and mold-design engineer to evaluate part manufacturability. Also, investigated in this study are the major causes of those defects that are the predominant cause of rejection of thin walled, leak-free magnesium parts requiring highly cosmetic finishes.
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Islam, Nokibul, Miguel Jimarez, Robert Darveaux, JoonYeob Lee, JaeYoung Na i KeunSoo Kim. "Robust Underfill Selection Methodology for Flip Chip". W ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference collocated with the ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2007-33939.
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Underfill is one of the crucial materials in flip chip (FC) packages. The role of underfill is not only to protect the solder bumps but to minimize package warpage, and to protect the fragile low k dielectric at end of line (EOL), moisture resistance test (MRT), and temperature cycle B (TCB) conditions. As packages move towards green products, the complexity of selecting a good underfill increases. The interaction of high Pb or eutectic solder with the underfill is different than that of Pb free solder. Moreover Pb free solder behavior for FC bumps is just being explored in the literature. Besides Pb free solder, other parameters like die passivation, bump height and pitch, under bump metallurgy (UBM) metallization, and package substrate are also extremely important for underfill selection. As the design of the package continues to change smaller package, tighter bump pitch and thinner core and build up (BU) layers, all of these parameters are directly related to package reliability. Sometimes an underfill good for a smaller die, body size, taller bump height, and pitch doesn’t necessarily mean it will be appropriate for a bigger die with larger body, and tighter bumps. So there are lots of variables in the package that directly affect the reliability. A good underfill should have very good adhesion between underfill and die passivation at room temperature, and moderate adhesion at underfill Tg. Adhesion properties are solely depend on chemistry of the underfill. Therefore to determine a good underfill for a bigger die and body size, we need to have a sequential selection methodology. In this paper a sequential selection methodology is used to eliminate the unsuccessful underfill candidates and select the best one which comfortably satisfies the requirements for all different solder alloys, and a wider range of package geometries. Important selection criteria including underfill workability issues and modeling data are also discussed.
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Hung, Gino, Ho-Yi Tsai, Chun An Huang, Steve Chiu i C. S. Hsiao. "High Reliability and Thermal Performance FCBGA Package". W ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41794.
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A high reliability and high thermal performance molding flip chip ball grid arrays structure which was improved from Terminator FCBGA®. (The structure are shown as Fig. 1) It has many advantages, like better coplanarity, high through put (multi pes for each shut of molding process), low stress, and high thermal performance. In conventional flip chip structure, underfill dispenses and cure processes are a bottleneck due to low through put (dispensing unit by unit). For the high performance demand, large package/die size with more integrated functions needs to meet reliability criteria. Low k dielectric material, lead free bump especially and the package coplanarity are also challenges for package development. Besides, thermal performance is also a key concern with high power device. From simulation and reliability data, this new structure can provide strong bump protection and reach high reliability performance and can be applied for low-K chip and all kind of bump composition such as tin-lead, high lead, and lead free. Comparing to original Terminator FCBGA®, this structure has better thermal performance because the thermal adhesive was added between die and heat spreader instead of epoxy molding compound (EMC). The thermal adhesive has much better thermal conductivity than EMC. Furthermore, this paper also describes the process and reliability validation result.
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Hann, Christopher E., J. Geoffrey Chase, Crispen Berg, Richard G. Brown, Rodney B. Elliott i XiaoQi Chen. "Specialised Image Capture Systems for a DIET Breast Cancer Screening System". W ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34261.
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Digital Image-based Elasto-Tomography (DIET) is an emerging technology for non-invasive breast cancer screening. This technology actuates breast tissue and measures the surface motion using digital imaging technology. The internal distribution of stiffness is then reconstructed using Boundary Element or Finite Element Methods (FEM or BEM). However, obtaining accurate imaging at high frequency and high resolution in terms of numbers of pixels is challenging if enough accuracy is to be obtained in the motion sensing to deliver a useful result. The overall focus of such mechatronic and digitally centred systems is on providing a low-cost, radiation dose-free and portable screening system capable of screening numerous patients per day — in direct contrast to current low throughput, non-portable and high cost x-ray and MRI based approaches. Thus, DIET technology relies on obtaining high resolution images of a breasts surface under high frequency actuation, typically in the range of 50–100Hz. Off-the-shelf digital cameras and imaging elements are unable to capture images directly at these speeds. A method is presented for obtaining the required high speed image capture at a resolution of 1280×1024 pixels and actuation frequency of 100Hz. The prototype apparatus presented uses two imaging sensors in combination with frame grabbers and a dSpace™ control system, to produce an automated image capture system. The system integrates a precision controlled strobe lighting system to selectively capture sinusoids at different points in the sinusoidal cycle of response. The final working system produced images that enabled effective 3D motion tracking of the surface of a silicon phantom actuated at 100Hz. The surface of the phantom was strobed at pre-selected phases from 0 to 360 degrees, and an image was captured for each phase. The times at which image capture occurred were calculated for a phase lag increment of 10 degrees resulting in an image effectively every 0.00028s for the actuator cycle of 0.01s. The comparison of the actual trigger times and pre-selected ideal trigger times gave a mean absolute error of 1.4%, thus demonstrating the accuracy of the final system. Final validation is performed using this system to track motion in a silicon gel phantom. The motion is tracked accurately using a novel Euclidean Invariant signature method. Both cameras delivered similar results with over 90% of points tracked to within 1–2%. This level of accuracy confirms the ability to effectively accurately reconstruct the stiffness as validated in other related studies.
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Hotea, Ionela, Catalin Sirbu, Anamaria Plotuna, Emil Tirziu i Isidora Radulov. "ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF RAPESEED MEAL INTENDED FOR MONOGASTRIC LIVESTOCK FEEDING". W 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.05.
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Rapeseed meal is a valuable source of protein for animals feeding. It can be used as an alternative to soybean meal in the mixtures of combined feeds intended for farm animals. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the chemical and nutritional composition of the rapeseed meal intended for use in the feeding of monogastric livestock. 70 samples of rapeseed meal arrived at the Laboratory of Chemical Analyses for Animal Nutrition, were analysed. The following values were obtained for the main nutritional compounds: crude protein (CP) � 37.95%, with variations between 35.26 and 41.67%; ether extract (EE) � 1.84%, with values between 1.55 � 2.06%; crude fiber (CF) � 11.93%, with variations between 9.85 � 14.93%; and nitrogen-free extracts (NfE) � 41.07%, varying significantly between 35.75 � 45.82%. In order to evaluate the nutritional value of rapeseed meal, the digestible forms of nutrients and the value of metabolizable energy (ME) for pigs and poultry were calculated, using predictive formulas. The average ME value for pigs was 1278.57 kcal/kg, varying between 1145.63 - 1398.27 kcal/kg, and for poultry the ME value was 935.06 kcal/kg, being between 837.90 - 1022.55 kcal/kg. These data underline the importance of the chemical and nutritional evaluation of feed ingredients before they are included in the diets of farm animals in order to have the certainty of correctly calculated rations and to ensure the amounts of nutrients in accordance with their feeding norms, in order to maximize animal production.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Meat free diet"
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Kanner, Joseph, Mark Richards, Ron Kohen i Reed Jess. Improvement of quality and nutritional value of muscle foods. United States Department of Agriculture, grudzień 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7591735.bard.
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Food is an essential to our existence but under certain conditions it could become the origin to the accumulative health damages. Technological processes as heating, chopping, mincing, grounding, promote the lipid oxidation process in muscle tissues and meat foodstuffs. Lipid oxidation occurred rapidly in turkey muscle, intermediate in duck, and slowest in chicken during frozen storage. Depletion of tocopherol during frozen storage was more rapid in turkey and duck compared to chicken. These processes developed from lipid peroxides produce many cytotoxic compounds including malondialdehyde (MDA). The muscle tissue is further oxidized in stomach conditions producing additional cytotoxic compounds. Oxidized lipids that are formed during digestion of a meal possess the potential to promote reactions that incur vascular diseases. A grape seed extract (1% of the meat weight) and butylated hydroxytoluene (0.2% of the lipid weight) were each effective at preventing formation of lipid oxidation products for 3 hours during co-incubation with cooked turkey meat in simulated gastric fluid (SGF). Polyphenols in the human diet, as an integral part of the meal prevent the generation and absorption of cytotoxic compounds and the destruction of essential nutrients, eg. antioxidants vitamins during the meal. Polyphenols act as antioxidants in the gastrointestinal tract; they scavenge free radicals and may interact with reactive carbonyls, enzymes and proteins. These all reactions results in decreasing the absorption of reactive carbonyls and possible other cytotoxic compounds into the plasma. Consumptions of diet high in fat and red meat are contributory risk factors partly due to an increase production of cytotoxic oxidized lipid products eg. MDA. However, the simultaneously consumption of polyphenols rich foods reduce these factors. Locating the biological site of action of polyphenols in the in the gastrointestinal tract may explain the paradox between the protective effect of a highly polyphenols rich diet and the low bioavailability of these molecules in human plasma. It may also explain the "French paradox" and the beneficial effect of Mediterranean and Japanese diets, in which food products with high antioxidants content such as polyphenols are consumed during the meal.
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Colonetti, Tamy, Micheli Mariot, Laura Colonetti i Marina Costa. Effects of gluten free diet in patients with diabetes mellitus type1: systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, czerwiec 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2020.6.0010.
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