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Kumar, Ashwani, Mridula Bose i Vani Brahmachari. "Analysis of Expression Profile of Mammalian Cell Entry (mce) Operons of Mycobacterium tuberculosis". Infection and Immunity 71, nr 10 (październik 2003): 6083–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.10.6083-6087.2003.
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ABSTRACT The sequencing of the complete genome of M. tuberculosis H37Rv has resulted in the recognition of four mce operons in its genome by in silico analysis. In an attempt to understand the significance of the redundancy of mce operons, we analyzed the expression profile of mce operons after different periods of growth in culture as well as during in vivo infection. Our results strongly suggest that mce1 is expressed as a polycistronic message. In culture from day 8 to day 12, expression of only mce1 was observed, but as the cultures progress towards stationary phase the expression profile of mce operons was altered; the transcripts of the mce1 operon were barely detected while those of the mce4 operon were prominent. In an analysis of the expression of mce operons in tubercle material collected from infected animal tissues, we detected the expression of mce1, -3 and -4. Our results imply that mce operons other than mce1 are also expressed during infection and that it is necessary to examine their role in pathogenesis.
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El-Shazly, Sherief, Suhail Ahmad, Abu S. Mustafa, Raja Al-Attiyah i Dimitrolos Krajci. "Internalization by HeLa cells of latex beads coated with mammalian cell entry (Mce) proteins encoded by the mce3 operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis". Journal of Medical Microbiology 56, nr 9 (1.09.2007): 1145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47095-0.
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The mammalian cell entry (Mce) operon 3 (mce3) is one of four homologous mce operons of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, encoding six (Mce3A–F) invasin-like membrane-associated proteins. Previous studies have shown that recombinant expression of Mce1A encoded by the mce1 operon in Escherichia coli allows this non-pathogenic bacterium to invade and survive inside macrophages, and latex beads coated with Mce1A are internalized by non-phagocytic HeLa cells. However, the role of other mce1 operon proteins (Mce1B–F) and proteins encoded by the operons mce2–4 in facilitating the internalization of M. tuberculosis in mammalian cells has not been studied. This study was carried out to determine whether Mce proteins encoded by the mce3 operon also facilitated the internalization of latex beads by HeLa cells. Recombinant pure Mce3A and lipoprotein LprM (Mce3E) were expressed and purified from E. coli cells. Mce1A expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST–Mce1A) and GST alone, purified similarly from E. coli cells, were used as control proteins. Fluorescent latex beads coated with purified proteins were used to study their uptake by HeLa cells using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and electron microscopy. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry showed an association of HeLa cells with beads coated with both Mce3A and LprM, whilst GST–Mce1A and GST yielded the expected results. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the uptake of beads coated with Mce3A or LprM by HeLa cells. The data showed that Mce3A encoded by the mce3 operon facilitated the uptake and internalization of latex beads by HeLa cells. The data also showed, for the first time, the role of another Mce protein (LprM/Mce3E) in facilitating the interaction and internalization of M. tuberculosis by mammalian cells.
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Asthana, Pooja, Dhirendra Singh, Jan Skov Pedersen, Mikko J. Hynönen, Ramita Sulu, Abhinandan V. Murthy, Mikko Laitaoja, Janne Jänis, Lee W. Riley i Rajaram Venkatesan. "Structural insights into the substrate-binding proteins Mce1A and Mce4A from Mycobacterium tuberculosis". IUCrJ 8, nr 5 (28.07.2021): 757–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252521006199.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which is responsible for more than a million deaths annually, uses lipids as the source of carbon and energy for its survival in the latent phase of infection. Mtb cannot synthesize all of the lipid molecules required for its growth and pathogenicity. Therefore, it relies on transporters such as the mammalian cell entry (Mce) complexes to import lipids from the host across the cell wall. Despite their importance for the survival and pathogenicity of Mtb, information on the structural properties of these proteins is not yet available. Each of the four Mce complexes in Mtb (Mce1–4) comprises six substrate-binding proteins (SBPs; MceA–F), each of which contains four conserved domains (N-terminal transmembrane, MCE, helical and C-terminal unstructured tail domains). Here, the properties of the various domains of Mtb Mce1A and Mce4A, which are involved in the import of mycolic/fatty acids and cholesterol, respectively, are reported. In the crystal structure of the MCE domain of Mce4A (MtMce4A39–140) a domain-swapped conformation is observed, whereas solution studies, including small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), indicate that all Mce1A and Mce4A domains are predominantly monomeric. Further, structural comparisons show interesting differences from the bacterial homologs MlaD, PqiB and LetB, which form homohexamers when assembled as functional transporter complexes. These data, and the fact that there are six SBPs in each Mtb mce operon, suggest that the MceA–F SBPs from Mce1–4 may form heterohexamers. Also, interestingly, the purification and SAXS analysis showed that the helical domains interact with the detergent micelle, suggesting that when assembled the helical domains of MceA–F may form a hydrophobic pore for lipid transport, as observed in EcPqiB. Overall, these data highlight the unique structural properties of the Mtb Mce SBPs.
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Baba, Yuko, Atsushi Shimonaka, Jinichiro Koga, Hidetoshi Kubota i Toshiaki Kono. "Alternative Splicing Produces Two Endoglucanases with One or Two Carbohydrate-Binding Modules in Mucor circinelloides". Journal of Bacteriology 187, nr 9 (1.05.2005): 3045–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.9.3045-3051.2005.
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ABSTRACT We previously cloned three endoglucanase genes, rce1, rce2, and rce3, that were isolated from Rhizopus oryzae as the first cellulase genes from a member of the subdivision Zygomycota. In this study, two cDNAs homologous to the rce1 gene, designated the mce1 and mce2 cDNAs, were cloned from Mucor circinelloides, a member of the subdivision Zygomycota. The mce1 cDNA encoded an endoglucanase (family 45 glycoside hydrolase) having one carbohydrate-binding module (CBM), designated MCE1, and the mce2 cDNA encoded the same endoglucanase having two tandem repeated CBMs, designated MCE2. The two cDNAs contained the same sequences but with a 147-bp insertion. The corresponding genomic mce gene consisted of four exons. The mce1 cDNA was created from exons 1, 3, and 4, and the mce2 cDNA was created from exons 1, 2, 3, and 4. These results indicate that the mce1 and mce2 cDNAs were created from one genomic mce gene by alternative splicing. MCE1 and MCE2, purified to apparent homogeneity from the culture supernatant of M. circinelloides, had molecular masses of 43 and 47 kDa, respectively. The carboxymethyl cellulase specific activity of MCE2 was almost the same as that of MCE1, whereas the Avicelase specific activity of MCE2 was two times higher than that of MCE1. Furthermore, MCE2, whose two tandem CBMs might be more effective for degradation of crystalline cellulose than one CBM, was secreted only at an early culture stage when crystalline cellulose was abundant.
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Wongverawattanakul, Chonnipa, Phim on Suklaew, Charoonsri Chusak, Sirichai Adisakwattana i Thavaree Thilavech. "Encapsulation of Mesona chinensis Benth Extract in Alginate Beads Enhances the Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols under Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion". Foods 11, nr 15 (8.08.2022): 2378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11152378.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the stability and antioxidant activity of the polyphenols from Mesona chinensis Benth extract (MCE) and its alginate-based encapsulation by extrusion technique during simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The encapsulation efficacy ranged from 41.1 ± 4.7 to 56.7 ± 3.4% with different concentrations of MCE (50–75% v/v), sodium alginate (1.2–1.8% w/v), and CaCl2 solution (3–5% w/v). The optimal condition for MCE-loaded alginate beads (MCB) was composed of 75% MCE, 1.5% alginate, and 3% CaCl2 solution, which provided the highest encapsulation efficiency with a spherical structure and a mean particle diameter of 1516.67 ± 40.96 μm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) reported no chemical interaction between alginate and MCE. The release of total phenolic content (TPC) was only 8.9% after placing MCB in water for 4 h. After simulated digestion, changes in TPC and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of MCE significantly decreased by 25.0% and 29.7%, respectively. Interestingly, the incorporation of MCB significantly increased TPC and FRAP in the digesta compared to those of MCE during gastrointestinal tract conditions. The findings suggest that the encapsulation of MCE with alginate as a carrier helps to improve the bioaccessibility and biological activity of M. chinensis polyphenols.
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Myagkonosov, D. S., I. T. Smykov, D. V. Abramov, I. N. Delitskaya i V. N. Krayushkina. "Effect of the recombinant chymosins of different origins on production process of soft cheese". Food systems 5, nr 2 (11.07.2022): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2022-5-2-164-171.
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The effect of milk-clotting enzymes (MCE) with different milk-clotting activity (MCA) and proteolytic activity (PA) based on recombinant calf chymosins (Chy-max® Extra: MCA=554 IMCU/g; PA=0.71 UA/g), camel (Chymax® M: MCA=904 IMCU/g; PA=0.68 PA units/g) and “modified” chymosin (Chy-max® Supreme: MCA=912 IMCU/g; PA=0.26 PA units/g) on the duration of milk coagulation, the composition of whey and fresh cheeses in the production of soft cheese of the Italian type Crescenza at a dose of MCE equal to 1500, 2500 and 3500 IMCU per 100 kg of milk was studied. With an equal introduction dose, the shortest average duration of curd formation is noted for Chy-max Supreme MCE (15.0–27.5 min), long one — for Chy-max M MCE (17.0–31.0 min), and the longest one — for MCE Chy-max Extra (18.0–35.5 min). There was no statistically significant effect (p<0.05) of the type and dose of MCE on the total duration of cheese processing, as well as on the content of fat, protein and dry matter of whey. The type and dose of MCE had an impact on the properties of fresh cheeses: cheese options produced with the maximum dose of Chy-max Supreme had a statistically significant (p><0.05) higher average dry matter content (49.61%) than cheese options made with minimal doses of MCE (47.64–47.91%).>< 0.05) of the type and dose of MCE on the total duration of cheese processing, as well as on the content of fat, protein and dry matter of whey. The type and dose of MCE had an impact on the properties of fresh cheeses: cheese options produced with the maximum dose of Chy-max Supreme had a statistically significant (p<0.05) higher average dry matter content (49.61%) than cheese options made with minimal doses of MCE (47.64–47.91%).> <0.05) of the type and dose of MCE on the total duration of cheese processing, as well as on the content of fat, protein and dry matter of whey. The type and dose of MCE had an impact on the properties of fresh cheeses: cheese options produced with the maximum dose of Chy-max Supreme had a statistically significant (p<0.05) higher average dry matter content (49.61%) than cheese options made with minimal doses of MCE (47.64–47.91%).><0.05) higher average dry matter content (49.61%) than cheese options made with minimal doses of MCE (47.64–47.91%).
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Senaratne, Ryan H., Ben Sidders, Patricia Sequeira, Grainne Saunders, Kathleen Dunphy, Olivera Marjanovic, J. Rachel Reader i in. "Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains disrupted in mce3 and mce4 operons are attenuated in mice". Journal of Medical Microbiology 57, nr 2 (1.02.2008): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47454-0.
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The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome contains four copies of an operon called mce (mce1–4). Previously we reported that M. tuberculosis disrupted in the mce1 operon is more virulent than wild-type M. tuberculosis in mice. We generated single deletion mutants in mce3 (Δmce3) and mce4 (Δmce4) operons and a double deletion mutant (Δmce3/4). Similar doubling times and growth characteristics were observed for all mutants and the wild-type (parent) M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain in culture and in macrophages. In addition, similar bacterial burdens were detected in organs from mice infected with Δmce3 and the parent strain. However, the bacterial burdens of mice infected with Δmce4 and Δmce 3/4 were less than those of mice infected with the parent strain. The median survival times of mice infected with wild-type M. tuberculosis, Δmce3, Δmce4 and Δmce3/4 were 40.5, 46, 58 and 62 weeks, respectively. Histopathological examination of lungs at 15 weeks post-infection showed that the extent of the lung lesions was less prominent in mice infected with Δmce4 and Δmce 3/4 mutants than in mice infected with the other two strains. These observations suggest that the mce3 and mce4 operons have a role distinct from that of mce1 for in vivo survival of M. tuberculosis.
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Fongsamut, Kanokkarn, Monsit Tanasittikosol i Mingkhuan Phaksunchai. "Effectiveness of the simulation-based learning (SBL) assisted with scaffolding approach to address students’ misconceptions about projectile motion". Physics Education 58, nr 2 (14.12.2022): 025002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6552/aca57d.
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Abstract This research studied the effectiveness of the simulation-based learning assisted with scaffolding approach to address students’ misconceptions (MCs) about projectile motion. The five MCs were related to the direction of the force acting on an object (MC1), the acceleration of an object at the top of the trajectory (MC2), the directions of velocity and acceleration during projectile motion (MC3), the time of flight of objects (MC4), and the relationship between the range of projectile motion and angle of projection (MC5). This study was a pre-experimental design using both quantitative and qualitative data. The sample comprised 35 tenth-grade Thai high school students who were chosen using the cluster sampling technique. The teaching method consisted of three steps: a briefing, simulation, and debriefing. Each step was assisted with scaffolding to guide and help the students. The MCs tests consisted of five multiple-choice questions with a four-tier diagnostic test, and the tests were used as a pre-test, end-of-class test, and end-of-topic test. Six semi-structured interview questions were used to obtain in-depth data. The results indicated that MC1, MC2, MC3, MC4, and MC5 were addressed by 11.1%, 85.7%, 57.2%, 57.2%, and 61.5%, respectively, at the end-of-topic test. Students who had MCs in the pre-test changed their understanding of the concepts in MC2, MC3, MC4, and MC5 by 57.1%, 14.3%, 28.6%, and 53.8%, respectively. None of the MC students in MC1 understood the concept at the end-of-topic test. Nevertheless, the overall results showed increased students’ understanding of all conceptions.
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Wang, Jingxin, Mengxi Yang, Zhi Yang, Lu Ye, Hong Luo i Yingkun Guo. "Long-Term Prognostic Value of Myocardial Viability by Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography in Patients after Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Medicina 58, nr 10 (11.10.2022): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58101429.
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Background and Objectives: According to recent guidelines, myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) is recommended for detecting residual myocardial viability (MV). However, the long-term prognostic value of MV as assessed by MCE in identifying major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains undefined. Materials and Methods: We searched multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science for studies on the prognostic value of MCE for clinical outcomes in AMI patients. The primary endpoints were MACEs during follow-up. Six studies that evaluated a total of 536 patients with a mean follow-up of 36.8 months were reviewed. Results: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MCE for predicting MACEs were 0.80 and 0.78, respectively, and the summary operating receiver characteristics achieved an area under the curve of 0.84. The pooled relative risks demonstrated that the MV evaluated by MCE after AMI was correlated with a high risk for total cardiac events (pooled relative risk: 2.07; 95% confidence interval: 1.28–3.37) and cardiac death (pooled relative risk: 2.48; 95% confidence interval: 1.03–5.96). MV evaluated by MCE was a highly independent predictor of total cardiac events (pooled hazard ratio: 2.09, 95% confidence interval: 1.14–3.81) in patients after AMI. Conclusions: Residual MV evaluated by MCE may be an effective long-term prognostic tool for predicting MACE in patients after AMI that can provide moderate predictive accuracy. The assessment of MV by MCE may become an alternative technique with the potential to rapidly provide important information for improving long-term risk stratification in patients after AMI, at the bedside in clinical practice, especially for patients who cannot tolerate prolonged examinations. The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42020167565.
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Myagkonosov, D. S., I. T. Smykov, D. V. Abramov, I. N. Delitskaya i V. N. Krayushkina. "Influence of different milk-clotting enzymes on the process of producing soft cheeses". Food systems 4, nr 3 (16.10.2021): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2021-4-3-204-212.
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The effect of the type of milk clotting enzyme (MCE) on the duration of milk coagulation, parameters of the composition of whey and cheeses, and the output of cheeses in the production of soft cheese such as “Lyubitel'skiy” were investigated. Three brands of MCE of different origins were investigated: Marzyme® (MCE of microbial origin based on Rhizomucor miehei protease), Naturen® (calf rennet) and Chy-max® M (recombinant camel chymosin). It was established that MCEs had different ratios of milk clotting activity (MCA) to total proteolytic activity (PA). It was determined that the MCA/PA ratio, which characterizes the degree of specificity of the MCE action with regard to kappa-casein, in Chy-max M 1000 is ~7 times higher than that of Naturen and ~50 times higher than that of Marzyme. Such differences did not lead to a negative effect when using the Marzyme preparation in the production of soft cheeses. There were no statistically significant differences in the amount of dry matter loss of the curd into the whey, physicochemical parameters and output between the variants of cheeses made with the studied brands of MCE. Shorter duration of milk clotting (16.5 min) was observed with Marzyme than with MCE of Naturen (20.5 min) and Chy-max M (22.5 min). The results of the coagulation duration were explained by the stimulation of the activity of MCE of microbial origin, by the pH level of milk before coagulation (below pH 6.4). It was shown that modern MCEs of microbial origin could be recommended as a cost-effective replacement for more expensive rennet and recombinant chymosins in the production of soft and fresh cheeses.
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Chauhan, DevendraSingh, Pratibha Singh, VM Katoch i KK Mohanty. "Analysis of expression profile of mce operon genes (mce1, mce2, mce3 operon) in different Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates at different growth phases". Indian Journal of Medical Research 143, nr 4 (2016): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-5916.184305.
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Andréasson, Mattias, Rolf H. Zetterström, Ulrika von Döbeln, Anna Wedell i Per Svenningsson. "MCEE Mutations in an Adult Patient with Parkinson’s Disease, Dementia, Stroke and Elevated Levels of Methylmalonic Acid". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, nr 11 (29.05.2019): 2631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112631.
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Methylmalonic aciduria (MMA-uria) is seen in several inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) affecting intracellular cobalamin pathways. Methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase (MCE) is an enzyme involved in the mitochondrial cobalamin-dependent pathway generating succinyl-CoA. Homozygous mutations in the corresponding MCEE gene have been shown in children to cause MCE deficiency with isolated MMA-uria and a variable clinical phenotype. We describe a 78-year-old man with Parkinson’s disease, dementia and stroke in whom elevated serum levels of methylmalonic acid had been evident for many years. Metabolic work-up revealed intermittent MMA-uria and increased plasma levels of propionyl-carnitine not responsive to treatment with high-dose hydroxycobalamin. Whole genome sequencing was performed, with data analysis targeted towards genes known to cause IEM. Compound heterozygous mutations were identified in the MCEE gene, c.139C>T (p.Arg47X) and c.419delA (p.Lys140fs), of which the latter is novel. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an adult patient with MCEE mutations and MMA-uria, thus adding novel data to the possible phenotypical spectrum of MCE deficiency. Although clinical implications are uncertain, it can be speculated whether intermittent hyperammonemia during episodes of metabolic stress could have precipitated the patient’s ongoing neurodegeneration attributed to Parkinson’s disease.
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Fang, Juan, Jiamei Shi, Shuaibing Lu, Mengyuan Zhang i Zhiyuan Ye. "An Efficient Computation Offloading Strategy with Mobile Edge Computing for IoT". Micromachines 12, nr 2 (17.02.2021): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020204.
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With the rapidly development of mobile cloud computing (MCC), the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI), user equipment (UEs) are facing explosive growth. In order to effectively solve the problem that UEs may face with insufficient capacity when dealing with computationally intensive and delay sensitive applications, we take Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) of the IoT as the starting point and study the computation offloading strategy of UEs. First, we model the application generated by UEs as a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to achieve fine-grained task offloading scheduling, which makes the parallel processing of tasks possible and speeds up the execution efficiency. Then, we propose a multi-population cooperative elite algorithm (MCE-GA) based on the standard genetic algorithm, which can solve the offloading problem for tasks with dependency in MEC to minimize the execution delay and energy consumption of applications. Experimental results show that MCE-GA has better performance compared to the baseline algorithms. To be specific, the overhead reduction by MCE-GA can be up to 72.4%, 38.6%, and 19.3%, respectively, which proves the effectiveness and reliability of MCE-GA.
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Crockett, Jack, i Addison Lawrence. "Two organic carbon application rates to control inorganic nitrogen in minimal water exchange, biofloc, shallow water, shrimp nursery systems". International Journal of Recirculating Aquaculture 14 (1.09.2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21061/ijra.v14i0.1579.
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The objectives of this study were to develop and test a quantitative method for reactive carbon application to control inorganic nitrogen, and to compare the effect of carbon application using 40% and 60% microbial conversion efficiency (MCE) while leaving a residual 11.3 mg/l nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) level. The organic carbon requirement was based on the carbon to nitrogen ratio of the elemental composition of microbial cells. The source of supplemental organic carbon was shortchained fructooligosaccharide (scFOS). Correction for moisture was duplicated on the first 2 days of scFOS application, so the actual efficiency rates were 35.1% and 58.3%. The proposed carbon quantitative method was effective in predicting the amount of carbon required to control inorganic nitrogen. Both 35.1% MCE and 58.3% MCE maintained total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) at desired levels of equal to or less than 2.3 mg/l and 3.1 mg/l, respectively. The amount of carbon applied using 35.1% MCE was higher than with 58.3% MCE. e 58.3% MCE treatment resulted in slightly higher NO3-N levels than 35.1 % MCE. The most toxic species of inorganic nitrogen, TAN and NO2-N, are assimilated by heterotrophic bacteria before NO3-N, permitting decreased reactive carbon input and water quality improvement. The benefits of 58.3% MCE vs. 35.1% MCE were lower organic loading, reduced water replacement, and decreased costs. The total water replacement associated with biofloc control was 0.24% using 35.1% MCE and 0% using 58.3% MCE. After a culture period of 14 days the mean weight was 65.5 mg and 61.9 mg for 31.5% MCE and 58.1% MCE, respectively, and a survival of 79.5% for both MCE’s.
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Pankratov, Nikolay, Victor Mitsiuk, Alexander Vetcher, Andrei Krokhotin, Gennadiy Govor i Sergey Nikitin. "Giant magnetocaloric effect in composites based on polymeric matrix and manganese arsenide". EPJ Web of Conferences 185 (2018): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818505010.
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A field and/or temperature hysteresis is more than just an interesting incomprehensibility that occurs in materials with a first-order magnetic transition. Indeed, the reversibility of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE), being essential for magnetic heat pumps, strongly depends on the width of the thermal hysteresis and, therefore, it is necessary to find solutions to minimize losses associated with thermal hysteresis in order to maximize the efficiency of magnetic cooling devices. In this work, the polymer matrix composites with MnAs powder as reinforcing material were obtained and its MCE by direct method was studied. The influence of composite preparation process on the MCE was investigated. It was found that the MCE of bulk MnAs shows strong temperature hysteresis caused by magnetostructural transition from paramagnetic to ferromagnetic state, which also leads to an irreversible MCE at cooling at first magnetization. The reversible MCE of bulk MnAs in field 12.5 kOe is ΔT ∼ 0.4 K. It was shown that Mn-based polymeric composite cured in aligned magnetic field presents a reinforcement of the MCE temperature hysteresis. Thus, the MCE value in aligned composite is less than the value of the MCE in the bulk MnAs. It was shown that the decreasing of linear size of MnAs grains in the polymeric composite leads to sharp decreasing of the MCE to value of 0.05 K. It was established that the optimal properties, such as giant MCE and low temperature hysteresis, are found for composite hardened under pressure of 10 kBar. In this composite an increase of reversible MCE (compared to the bulk MnAs) till to the value of ΔT ∼ 1.2K was observed.
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Chen, Yi-Zhi, Jun Pan, Yuan-Yuan Luo, Xi Jiang, Wen-Bin Zou, Yang-Yang Qian, Wei Zhou, Xiao Liu, Zhao-Shen Li i Zhuan Liao. "Detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy for complete viewing of the esophagus and stomach". Endoscopy 51, nr 04 (1.03.2019): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0856-6845.
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Abstract Background Esophageal capsule endoscopy is reported to be insufficiently accurate to replace esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) because the passage of the capsule through the esophagus is passive and precludes a thorough investigation. We developed a modified capsule endoscopy technique, called detachable string magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (DS-MCE), and performed a pilot study to assess the feasibility and safety of this novel technique. Methods 4 healthy volunteers and 21 patients with suspected esophageal disease first underwent DS-MCE followed by EGD within 1 week. Outcomes included technical success of DS-MCE, adverse events, discomfort, and diagnostic accuracy. Results DS-MCE was successfully carried out in all 25 participants. No adverse events were observed. Mean overall discomfort score during DS-MCE was 0.96 (range 0 – 3). DS-MCE diagnoses were in accordance with EGD in all 25 participants. The per-patient sensitivity of DS-MCE for esophageal disease detection was 100 %. The accuracy of DS-MCE for grading esophageal varices and reflux esophagitis were 66.7 % and 100 %, respectively. Conclusions DS-MCE was a feasible, safe, and well-tolerated method for viewing the esophagus and proceeding with gastric examination after string detachment.
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Li, Mengjie, Seong-Gook Kang, Kunlun Huang i Tao Tong. "Dietary Supplementation of Methyl Cedryl Ether Ameliorates Adiposity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice". Nutrients 15, nr 3 (3.02.2023): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030788.
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Methyl cedryl ether (MCE) is a derivative of cedrol and is widely used as a fragrance compound. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventative effects of MCE on obesity and related metabolic syndromes and to delineate the mechanisms from the perspective of gut microbiota and white adipose tissues (WAT) transcriptomic profiles. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into 3 groups and fed with chow diet, high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD supplemented with 0.2% (w/w) MCE for 13 weeks. We found that MCE significantly reduced body weight, inhibited adipocyte hypertrophy, and ameliorated hepatic steatosis under HFD conditions. MCE dietary supplementation downregulated the expression of adipogenesis genes (FAS and C/EBPα) and upregulated the mRNA levels of thermogenesis genes (PGC-1α, PRDM16, UCP1, Cidea, Cytc, and COX4) in epididymal WAT. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that MCE improved gut microbiota dysbiosis in HFD-fed mice, as manifested by the alteration of strains associated with obesity. Further transcriptome analysis of WAT indicated that MCE dramatically changed the gene expression profiles. Our results demonstrate the anti-obesity effect of MCE under HFD conditions, highlighting the nutraceutical potential of MCE for preventing obesity.
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Wahyu Pramon, Eko, Karnoto Karnoto i Titik Nurhayati. "EVALUASI INSTALASI LISTRIK PADA GEDUNG MULTI CENTRE OF EXCELLENT (MCE) RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM SULTAN AGUNG SEMARANG". eLEKTRIKA 9, nr 1 (4.12.2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v9i1.1110.
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<p> MCE Building Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang is a public facility that requires an electrical installation system that is in accordance with PUIL 2000. The purpose of evaluating electrical installations at the Multi Center of Excellent (MCE) building in Sultan Agung Semarang Islamic Hospital is to find out electrical installations in accordance with PUIL 2000 Evaluation of electrical installations includes calculation of MCB security and calculation of cable size. Calculation using manual calculation method and calculation using Ecodial Calculation 4.7 software. The calculation results are then compared to the installed units. From the results of the comparison it can be seen whether the electrical installation is in accordance with PUIL 2000. The results of the analysis can be concluded that the electrical installation system in the MCE building of Sultan Agung Semarang Islamic Hospital is in good condition and safe. In MCB installed units, they are in accordance with the PUIL 2000 standard. In the cable sizes installed several are in a condition not in accordance with the PUIL 2000 standard so cable replacement is required. For example, on the 1st floor divider panel SDP cable where the installed cable is 4x35 mm2, it is replaced by 4x95 mm2.</p><p>Keywords: Evaluation of Electrical Installation, PUIL 2000, Ecodial Advance Calculation 4</p>
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Myagkonosov, D. S., I. T. Smykov, D. V. Abramov, I. N. Delitskaya i E. G. Ovchinnikova. "Influence of milk-clotting enzymes of animal and microbial origin on the quality and shelf life of soft cheeses". Food systems 4, nr 4 (5.01.2022): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2021-4-4-286-293.
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A comparative test was carried out for milk-clotting enzymes (MCE) of animal origin (Naturen® Extra), microbial origin (Marzyme®) and MCE based on recombinant camel chymosin (Chy-max® M) in the production of soft cheese “Lyubitelskiy”. By the end of the shelf life of the cheeses (12 days at a temperature of 3 ± 1 °C), differences were noted in the degree of proteolysis (DP) and the value of the complex modulus G*, which were the following ones for cheeses produced with MCE of the brands: Naturen® — DP = 17.86 ± 0.24%; G* = 4164 ± 587 Pa; Marzyme® — DP = 17.98 ± 0.49%; G* = 4581±786 Pa; Chy-max® M — DP = 9.85 ± 0.63%; G* = 7949 ± 1157 Pa. Cheeses made with Chy-max® M MCE had a denser texture than cheeses made with MCE of Naturen or Marzyme, which did not differ significantly in consistency. In the studied cheeses, the severity of the bitter taste was proportional to the content of water-soluble peptides with a mass of 0.5–3 kDa. Cheeses with Marzyme® MCE had a more intense bitterness than cheeses with Naturen® MCE. There was no bitter taste in cheeses produced with MCE of Chy-max® M. It was concluded that in the production of soft cheeses, recombinant camel chymosin can be used to increase the shelf life, and MCE of microbial origin can be recommended to replace more expensive MCE of animal origin.
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Borhanpour, Fatemeh, Seyed Saeed Sekhavatizadeh, Saeid Hosseinzadeh, Mahboobeh Hasanzadeh, Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani i Morteza Moharreri. "Effect of microencapsulated chavil (Ferulago angulata) extract on physicochemical, microbiological, textural and sensorial properties of UF-feta-type cheese during storage time". International Journal of Food Engineering 18, nr 1 (29.12.2021): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2021-0198.
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Abstract Chavil (Ferulago angulata) extract (CE) and microencapsulated chavil extract (MCE) were added to UF- Feta-type Cheese. The aim of this study was to comprising CE and MCE on physicochemical and microbiological properties in cheese. The scanning electron microscope images demonstrate the MCE had elliptical shape. The average size diameter curve of the MCE revealed bimodal distribution with two peaks (1541 and 2222 nm) separately. The hardness value of MCE cheese (212.83 ± 17.63 g) was lower than that of CE (343.67 ± 25.53 g) because of canola oil used in the microencapsulation process. The MCE-cheese showed lower values of acidity (1.67%) in comparison with CE-cheese (1.87%). The viable numbers of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis were equal among the samples (4.6–4.9 log10 CFU/g respectively). The acid degree value of MCE (2.07 ± 0.21%) and CE (1.83 ± 0.25%) cheese were nearly equal at the end of storage time.
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Riyadi, Muhammad. "Kajian Efesiensi Proses Produksi Kapal dengan Pendekatan Konsep Manufacturing Cycle Effectiveness (MCE) Studi Kasus PT. PAL". Wave: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Maritim 9, nr 2 (11.01.2018): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jurnalwave.v9i2.2658.
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Era globalisasi menuntut industri galangan kapal terus meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi proses produksinya, sehingga mampu bersaing dari segi quality, cost dan on time delivery (QCD).Dalam proses produksi, dikenal dengan adanya istilah Manufacturing Cycle Effectiveness (MCE), yaitu seberapa efisien suatu aktivitas memanfaatkan sumber daya dalam menghasilkan keluaran. MCE dapat diterapkan sebagai alat ukur dan dilaksanakan pada perusahaan galangan kapal dalam pengendalian awal terhadap aktivitas yang bukan penambah nilai. Penelitian ini bertujuan memahami analisis MCE, Non value added activities dan value added activities pada proses produksi kapal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan MCE pada proses produksi DKN (Divisi Kapal Niaga) PT. PAL Indonesia saat ini adalah sebesar 85 persen. Pada proses perbaikan dengan penerapan konsep MCE, kemampuan dan efektivitas perusahaan dapat ditingkatkan dengan mencapai MCE yang optimal sebesar 90 persen.
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Wang, Mingcan, Junkai Zhang, Xiuqiong Huang, Yisong Liu i Jianguo Zeng. "Effects of Dietary Macleaya cordata Extract on Growth Performance, Biochemical Indices, and Intestinal Microbiota of Yellow-Feathered Broilers Subjected to Chronic Heat Stress". Animals 12, nr 17 (26.08.2022): 2197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12172197.
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This study investigated the effect of dietary Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) supplementation on the growth performance, serum parameters, and intestinal microbiota of yellow-feather broilers under heat stress. A total of 216 yellow-feather broilers (28-days-old) were randomly allotted into three groups. A control group (CON) (24 ± 2 °C) and heat stress group (HS) (35 ± 2 °C) received a basal diet, and heat-stressed plus MCE groups (HS-MCE) (35 ± 2 °C) were fed the basal diet with 1000 mg/kg MCE for 14 consecutive days. The results revealed that MCE supplementation improved the final body weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, and spleen index when compared with the HS group (p < 0.05). In addition, MCE supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine, and increased (p < 0.05) the glucose level and alkaline phosphatase activity in heat-stressed yellow-feathered broilers. Moreover, MCE treatment alleviated heat-stress-induced intestinal flora disturbances, decreased the Bacteroidota and Bacteroides relative abundances, and increased Firmicutes. A linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis found five differentially abundant taxa in the HS-MCE group, including Alistipes, Rikenellaceae, Mogibacterium, Butyrivibrio, and Lachnospira. These results suggest that MCE can alleviate HS-induced decline in growth performance by modulating blood biochemical markers and cecal flora composition in broilers.
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Lei, Guangbin, Ainong Li, Jinhu Bian, He Yan, Lulu Zhang, Zhengjian Zhang i Xi Nan. "OIC-MCE: A Practical Land Cover Mapping Approach for Limited Samples Based on Multiple Classifier Ensemble and Iterative Classification". Remote Sensing 12, nr 6 (19.03.2020): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12060987.
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Land cover samples are usually the foundation for supervised classification. Unfortunately, for land cover mapping in large areas, only limited samples can be used due to the time-consuming and labor-intensive sample collection. A novel and practical Object-oriented Iterative Classification method based on Multiple Classifiers Ensemble (OIC-MCE) was proposed in this paper. It systematically integrated object-oriented segmentation, Multiple Classifier Ensemble (MCE), and Iterative Classification (IC). In this method, the initial training samples were updated self-adaptively during the iterative processes. Based on these updated training samples, the inconsistent regions (ICR) in the classification results of the MCE method were reclassified to reduce their uncertainty. Three typical case studies in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) indicate that the overall accuracy of the OIC-MCE method is significantly higher than that of the single classifier. After five iterations, the overall accuracy of the OIC-MCE approach increased by 5.58%–8.38% compared to the accuracy of the traditional MCE method. The spatial distribution of newly added training samples generated by the OIC-MCE approach was relatively uniform. It was confirmed by ten repeated experiments that the OIC-MCE approach has good stability. More importantly, even if the initial sample size reduced by 65%, the quality of the final classification result based on the proposed OIC-MCE approach would not be greatly affected. Therefore, the proposed OIC-MCE approach provides a new solution for land cover mapping with limited samples. Certainly, it is also well suited for land cover mapping with abundant samples.
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Wang, Yajie, Tao Feng, Kai Wang, Min Qian, Yiwei Chen i Zhuo Sun. "A Facile Method for Preparing Transparent, Conductive, and Paper-Like Silver Nanowire Films". Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/935218.
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Transparent, conductive, and flexible silver nanowire (AgNW) films have been fabricated by a facile two-step method. Firstly, the well-dispersed AgNW suspension is vacuum filtered using mixed esters of cellulose (MCE) membranes as filters. Then, the AgNW-MCE films are treated with acetone vapor. After the infiltration of acetone vapor, the white and porous MCE membranes change into transparent and pore-free, and AgNW-MCE films are obtained with extraordinary optical, conductive, and mechanical properties. An optimal result is obtained with transmittance of 85% at 550 nm and sheet resistance about 50 Ohm/sq. The flexibility of AgNW-MCE films is remarkable, which is comparable to that of the AgNW film on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET). More important, AgNW-MCE films show an excellent adhesion to the substrate, which causes a stable electrical conductivity even after scotch tape test and finger friction test. As a result of improved adhesion to the substrate, the sheet resistance of AgNW-MCE films is about 20% smaller than that of AgNW-PET films.
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Chun, Seung-Chul, Seon Young Jee, Sang Gon Lee, Sook Jahr Park, Jong Rok Lee i Sang Chan Kim. "Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Methanol Extract of Moutan Cortex in LPS-Activated Raw264.7 Cells". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 4, nr 3 (2007): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nel093.
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Moutan Cortex (MCE) has been used in traditional medicine to remove heat from the blood, promote blood circulation and alleviate blood stasis. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of MCE on regulatory mechanisms of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) involved in immunological activity of Raw264.7 cells. Cells were pretreated with methanolic extracts of MCE, and further cultured for an appropriate time after lipopolyssacharide (LPS) addition. During the entire experimental period, 0.1 and 0.3 mg ml−1of MCE had no cytotoxicity. In these concentrations, MCE inhibited the production of NO and prostaglandin E2(PGE2), the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and phosphorylated inhibitor of κBα (p-IκBα), and the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). MCE also reduced the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the Raw264.7 cells that were activated by LPS. These results demonstrate that MCE has anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression by suppressing the phosphorylation of I-κBα and the activation of NF-κB.
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CHEN, LIANG-HUA, SHAO-HUA DENG i HONG-YUAN LIAO. "MCE-BASED FACE RECOGNITION". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 15, nr 08 (grudzień 2001): 1311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001401001477.
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This paper proposes a complete procedure for the extraction and recognition of human faces in complex scenes. The morphology-based face detection algorithm can locate multiple faces oriented in any direction. The recognition algorithm is based on the minimum classification error (MCE) criterion. In our work, the minimum classification error formulation is incorporated into a multilayer perceptron neural network. Experimental results show that our system is robust to noisy images and complex background.
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Henry, Celia. "Science: MCE stacks up." Analytical Chemistry 71, nr 9 (maj 1999): 311A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac990368i.
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Stewart, David A. "Bi-Bi to MCE?" American Annals of the Deaf 138, nr 4 (1993): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aad.2012.0384.
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Stewart, David A. "Bi-Bi to MCE?" American Annals of the Deaf 142, nr 3 (1997): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aad.2012.0593.
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Ferron, Lucia, Chiara Milanese, Raffaella Colombo, Raffaele Pugliese i Adele Papetti. "A New Polysaccharide Carrier Isolated from Camelina Cake: Structural Characterization, Rheological Behavior, and Its Influence on Purple Corn Cob Extract’s Bioaccessibility". Foods 11, nr 12 (14.06.2022): 1736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11121736.
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A polysaccharide fraction obtained from camelina cake (CCP), selected as a carrier to encapsulate purple corn cob extract (MCE), was investigated. A wide population of carbohydrate polymers (with a polydispersivity index of 3.26 ± 0.07 and an average molecular weight of about 139.749 × 103 ± 4.392 × 103 g/mol) with a gel-like behavior and a thixotropic feature characterized the fraction. MCE-CCP combinations (50–50 and 25–75, w/w), selected based on CCP encapsulation efficiency, were tested for their stability and MCE polyphenols’ bioaccessibility during digestion (monitored using an in vitro static procedure). During the oral and gastric phases of the digestion process, CCP gradually swelled and totally released MCE polyphenols. MCE-CCP50 had the fastest release. Moreover, anthocyanins were still detectable during the duodenal phase, in both MCE-CCP ingredients. Furthermore, CCP (5 mg/mL) exerted in vitro potential hypocholesterolemic activity via bile salts binding during digestion.
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Chytilová, Ekaterina, i Marie Jurová. "The application of method supplier’s complex evaluation. Case study". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, nr 7 (2012): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260070139.
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The main goal of this article includes the illustration of selecting bidders evaluation with help Method of complex evaluation of suppliers (MCE). Nowadays the evaluation of suppliers has more importance is in the supply chain management. For SMEs with discontinuous custom manufacturing supplier evaluation at first stage becomes a priority to maintain and enhance the competitiveness of farm output and overall competitiveness. This article presents results of control MCE. The results of this article are results of suppliers’ evaluation conditions and eliminations of MCE application on the base of real enterprise data. MCE is oriented to small and medium-sized enterprises with discontinue manufacturing to order. Research is oriented to selecting procedure of existing suppliers at the first stage of supply chain. Nationality and geographic location haven’t importance to MCE application. Illustrative case study presents the evaluation process to the specific conditions and subsequently demonstrated viability of MCE.
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Koshkid’ko, Y. S., Konstantin Skokov, Yury G. Pastushenkov, S. A. Nikitin i T. I. Ivanova. "Magnetocaloric Effect of RCo5 Single Crystals in the Region of Spin-Reorientation Transitions". Solid State Phenomena 168-169 (grudzień 2010): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.168-169.134.
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Direct measurements of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in RCo5 single crystals in the region of spin-reorientation transitions (SRT) were carried out. It was shown that the values of MCE in the region of SRTs are comparable to the values of MCE in the vicinity of the Curie temperature. The anisotropy constants of the compounds were measured by the torque method. The anisotropic MCE calculation on the basis of anisotropy constants showed a good accordance with the experimental data.
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Wang, Mingcan, Xiuqiong Huang, Yisong Liu i Jianguo Zeng. "Effects of Macleaya cordata Extract on Blood Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Flora in Heat-Stressed Mice". Animals 12, nr 19 (28.09.2022): 2589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192589.
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Heat stress (HS) leads to disturbance of homeostasis and gut microbiota. Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and gut health maintenance properties. Still, the specific effects of MCE on blood biochemical indices and gut microbiota homeostasis in heat-stressed mice are not entirely understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MCE on blood biochemical indices and gut microbiota in heat-stressed mice. A control group (CON) (25 °C, n = 6) and HS group (42 °C, n = 6) were gavaged with normal saline 0.2 mL/g body weight/day, and HS plus MCE group (HS-MCE) (42 °C, n = 6) was gavaged with 5 mg MCE/kg/day. HS (2 h/d) on 8–14 d. The experiment lasted 14 days. The results showed that HS increased mice’ serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transferase activities, heat shock protein 70 level, and malondialdehyde concentrations, and decreased serum catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. HS also disrupted microbiota diversity and community structure in mice, increasing the Bacteroidetes and decreasing Firmicutes and Lactobacillus; however, MCE can alleviate the disturbance of biochemical indicators caused by HS and regulate the flora homeostasis. Furthermore, MCE was able to moderate HS-induced metabolic pathways changes in gut microbiota. The Spearman correlation analysis implied that changes in serum redox status potentially correlate with gut microbiota alterations in HS-treated mice.
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Chen, Runan, Linxin Huang i Shaowei Zhai. "Effects of Macleaya cordata Extract on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, and Intestinal Health of Juvenile American Eel (Anguilla rostrata)". Fishes 7, nr 5 (1.09.2022): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050229.
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The present trial was conducted to evaluate the supplementation effects of Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and intestinal health of the juvenile American eel (Anguilla rostrata). The 480 juvenile American eels (10.93 ± 0.06 g) were randomly divided into four groups. They were fed on diets supplemented with MCE levels of 0, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg for ten weeks, respectively. The 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg MCE could significantly improve growth performance, and increase the activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, as well as the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These levels of MCE also decreased the levels of D-lactate acid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and diamine oxidase. The antioxidant ability, muscular thickness, and fold height of the intestine were enhanced by 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg MCE. There was no significant difference in the above parameters of groups fed with 50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg of MCE. The beneficial effects on the intestinal microbiota were demonstrated in the group fed with 50 mg/kg MCE. In conclusion, the 50 mg/kg MCE could be used in the diet to improve the growth performance and health status of the juvenile American eels.
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Kwak, Jae-Jun, Jang Soo Yook i Min-Seong Ha. "Potential Biomarkers of Peripheral and Central Fatigue in High-Intensity Trained Athletes at High-Temperature: A Pilot Study with Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon)". Journal of Immunology Research 2020 (8.06.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4768390.
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Among potent dietary supplements, Momordica charantia, commonly called bitter melon, has various biological effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and improves energy metabolism and fatigue recovery. However, it is unknown whether Momordica charantia extract (MCE) induces antifatigue effects during exercise training in high-temperature environments. This study aimed at investigating the efficacy of MCE by examining 10 male tennis players consuming 100 mL MCE/dose (6 times a day over 4 weeks) during the summer training season. Peripheral (ammonia and uric acid) and central (serotonin, dopamine, and prolactin) fatigue parameters were measured before and after MCE consumption; before, during, and after exercise; and the next morning. After consuming MCE supplements, ammonia levels were higher during and after exercise and recovered the next morning, whereas uric acid levels did not change at any time point. Serotonin levels were lower during exercise. Dopamine levels were higher, especially during exercise. Prolactin levels were lower at all time points, especially during and after exercise. Although high-intensity training in a hot environment causes accumulation of fatigue-related metabolites, our results indicate that 4 weeks of MCE intake positively influenced fatigue parameters, suggesting that MCE can efficiently combat fatigue.
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Jin Liu, Songping Luo, Yue Hu i Xiaopeng Peng. "Moutan Cortex extract inhibited the proliferation and migration of endometrial stromal cells by inhibiting OPN-induced, MAPK-mediated MMP9 activation". Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 15, nr 1 (10.01.2023): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i1.1235.
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Endometriosis is frequent in women of childbearing age with a morbidity rate of approximately 10%. Its clinical features mainly manifest as dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. However, effective treatments are still lacking; hence, it is necessary to identify an effective and safe treatment strategy on endometriosis. Moutan Cortex extract (MCE) was prepared by decoction. Then, cell proliferation and apoptosis in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were detected by cell counting kit-8, EdU cell proliferation assay, and flow cytometry. Wound-healing assay and transwell migration assay were performed to explore cell migration or invasion. The expression of indicators of downstream signaling pathways was determined by Western blot analysis or enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. MCE treatment inhibited cell viability and proliferation in HESCs while promoting cell apoptosis. MCE reduced migration and invasion of HESCs. Furthermore, MCE inhibited osteopontin-induced, mitogen-activated, protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) activation, and upregulation of OPN reversed the effect of MCE on HESCs. In this study, MCE inhibited the proliferation and migration of endometrial stromal cells by inhibiting OPN induced, MAPK-mediated MMP9 activation. MCE might be a novel treatment strategy on endometriosis.
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Nikitin, S. A., G. A. Tskhadadze, I. A. Ovchenkova, D. A. Zhukova i T. I. Ivanova. "The Magnetic Phase Transitions and Magnetocaloric Effect in the Ho(Co1-XAlx)2 and Tb(Co1-XAlx)2 Compounds". Solid State Phenomena 168-169 (grudzień 2010): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.168-169.119.
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Direct measurements of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and magnetization have been conducted for the R(Co1-xAlx)2 (R = Tb, Ho) compounds. It was found that the small substitutions of Co by nonmagnetic Al lead to an increase both of the magnetic ordering temperature and the value of MCE. The following increase in Al content decreases the Curie temperature and the value of MCE. The analyses of the MCE effect is conducted considering the ferrimagnetic structure and the itinerant nature of these compounds.
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Mulasso, Anna, Mattia Roppolo, Monica Emma Liubicich, Michele Settanni i Emanuela Rabaglietti. "A Multicomponent Exercise Program for Older Adults Living in Residential Care Facilities: Direct and Indirect Effects on Physical Functioning". Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 23, nr 3 (lipiec 2015): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2013-0061.
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The aim of this study was to assess the direct and indirect effects of a multicomponent exercise (MCE) program on mobility and balance in institutionalized older people. One hundred and twelve subjects (85 women; 83.0 years on average; SD = 7.5) were included in the study, and divided into a MCE-group (MCE-G) and a control group (CG) according to matching techniques. The MCE-G consisted of a 9-month program featuring range-of-motion, strength, and balance exercises performed in small groups. The CG received routine medical and nursing care. The timed up-and-go test and Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment balance subscale were administered at baseline and postintervention. After controlling for physical baseline value, age, sex, residential care facilities, and body mass index, the MCE-G showed positive effects both on mobility (p < .001) and balance (p = .001). The role of balance as mediator in the relationship between participation to the MCE program and mobility was demonstrated.
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Ohte, Satoshi, Masayuki Toyoda, Keisuke Kobayashi, Isao Fujii, Taichi Ohshiro i Hiroshi Tomoda. "Monapinone Coupling Enzyme Produces Non-Natural Heterodimers". Catalysts 11, nr 8 (23.08.2021): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11081015.
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The monapinone coupling enzyme (MCE), a fungal multicopper oxidase, catalyzes the regioselective C–C coupling between tricyclic monapinone A (the primary substrate) and other monapinones (secondary substrates) to produce atropisomeric biaryl homo- or heterodimers. In this study, mono-, bi- and tricyclic compounds were tested to determine whether they worked as secondary substrates for MCE. Among 14 cyclic compounds, MCE utilized semivioxanthin, YWA1, 1,3-naphthalenediol and flaviolin as secondary substrates to produce non-natural heterodimers. The atropisomeric biaryl heterodimers produced by MCE from monapinone A and semivioxanthin were isolated, and their structures were elucidated by NMR and MS. These findings indicate that MCE recognizes bi- and tricyclic compounds with a 1,3-dihydroxy or 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzene ring as a secondary substrate.
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Valera-Calero, Juan Antonio, César Fernández-de-las-Peñas, Umut Varol, Ricardo Ortega-Santiago, Gracia María Gallego-Sendarrubias i José Luis Arias-Buría. "Ultrasound Imaging as a Visual Biofeedback Tool in Rehabilitation: An Updated Systematic Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 14 (15.07.2021): 7554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147554.
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Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) is used by physical therapists as a feedback tool for measuring changes in muscle morphology during therapeutic interventions such as motor control exercises (MCE). However, a structured overview of its efficacy is lacking. We aimed to systematically review the efficacy of RUSI for improving MCE programs compared with no feedback and other feedback methods. MEDLINE, PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched for studies evaluating efficacy data of RUSI to improve muscular morphology, quality, and/or function of skeletal muscles and MCE success. Eleven studies analyzing RUSI feedback during MCE were included. Most studies showed acceptable methodological quality. Seven studies assessed abdominal wall muscles, one assessed pelvic floor muscles, one serratus anterior muscle, and two lumbar multifidi. Eight studies involved healthy subjects and three studies clinical populations. Eight studies assessed muscle thickness and pressure differences during MCE, two assessed the number of trials needed to successfully perform MCE, three assessed the retain success, seven assessed the muscle activity with electromyography and one assessed clinical severity outcomes. Visual RUSI feedback seems to be more effective than tactile and/or verbal biofeedback for improving MCE performance and retention success, but no differences with pressure unit biofeedback were found.
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Deng, Pei, Min Min, Tenghui Dong, Yiliang Bi, Airong Tang i Yan Liu. "Linked color imaging improves detection of minimal change esophagitis in non-erosive reflux esophagitis patients". Endoscopy International Open 06, nr 10 (październik 2018): E1177—E1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0602-3997.
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Abstract Background and study aims Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) includes minimal change esophagitis (MCE) and no endoscopic abnormalities. However, for most endoscopists, it is difficult to detect MCE with conventional white-light endoscopy (WLE). Linked color imaging (LCI) technology is the most recently developed image-enhancing technology and improves detection and differentiation of subtle mucosal changes using a color contrast method. This study assessed the efficacy of WLE combined with LCI for diagnosing MCE compared with WLE. Patients and methods Between February and May 2017, 44 NERD patients and 40 healthy subjects were enrolled in our study. First, the distal esophagus was examined using WLE followed by LCI. Second, three experienced endoscopists observed all the patients’ white-light (WL) images and corresponding images of WL and LCI and then recorded presence or absence of minimal change esophagitis (MCE +/–). The proportion of minimal change between the two groups was then compared. Third, five blinded endoscopists with different levels of endoscopic experience assessed whether MCE was present. Intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement were described using the kappa value. Results The proportion of MCE in the NERD group (70.8 %, 35/48) was higher than that in the control group (22.5 %, 9/40, P < 0.001) when diagnosed by the three experienced endoscopists. Detection rates for MCE using WLE combined with LCI were higher than those using WLE (43/88, 48.9 % vs. 29/88, 33.0 %, P < 0.001). With WLE combined with LCI, intraobserver reproducibility significantly improved, indicating that the combined approach can improve interobserver agreement compared with using WLE alone. Conclusions Endoscopic diagnosis of MCE using WLE combined with LCI images is effective. Intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver agreement in MCE can be improved when LCI is applied with conventional imaging (Clinical trial registration number: NCT03068572).
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Ni, Xi-Ping, Aditi Bhargava, David Pearce i Michael H. Humphreys. "Modulation by dietary sodium intake of melanocortin 3 receptor mRNA and protein abundance in the rat kidney". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 290, nr 3 (marzec 2006): R560—R567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00279.2005.
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γ-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) is a circulating natriuretic peptide hormone derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC); its concentration in plasma and pituitary POMC mRNA abundance, increase in rats ingesting a high-sodium diet (HSD, 8% NaCl) compared with a low-sodium diet (LSD, 0.07% NaCl). RT-PCR of rat kidney RNA demonstrated reaction products of the expected size in both cortex and medulla for MC3-R, MC4-R, and MC5-R mRNA; no signal for MC1-R or MC2-R was detected. Relative to β-actin or cyclophilin, abundance of the three receptor transcripts after 1 wk of the LSD was approximately equal in both cortex and medulla. After 1 wk of the HSD, mRNA abundance of MC4-R and MC5-R was unchanged, whereas that of MC3-R in medulla more than doubled, the ratio of MC3-R/β-actin signal increasing from 0.38 ± 0.04 on LSD to 0.84 ± 0.04 on HSD ( P < 0.001). No significant increase occurred in the cortex. The increase in MC3-R expression induced by dietary sodium was observed in inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells isolated from the kidneys of HSD rats, suggesting that these cells were the major site of receptor expression in the medulla. Immunoblots of whole medullary and IMCD cell homogenates detected MC3-R immunoreactive protein; its expression was twice as great in samples from HSD vs. LSD rat kidneys, paralleling the increase in MC3-R mRNA abundance on the HSD. No changes in MC4-R or MC5-R protein expression were observed. Incubation of IMCD cell suspensions with increasing concentrations of γ2-MSH led to increased cAMP accumulation, with values from rats on the HSD being roughly double the values from LSD rats. Intrarenal infusion of γ2-MSH (500 fmol/min) increased sodium and cAMP excretion from the infused but not contralateral kidney of HSD rats, while having no effect in LSD rats. These data show that MC3-R is expressed in rat IMCD cells in a manner modulated by dietary sodium intake. Because MC3-R is the receptor with which γ-MSH interacts, our findings suggest the existence of a sodium-regulating system, activated in response to a HSD, which increases urinary sodium excretion to balance the high-sodium intake.
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Saei, M. M., A. A. Sadeghi i H. Ahmadvand. "The effect of <i>Myrtus communis</i> oil extract on growth performance, serum biochemistry and humoral immune responses in broiler chicks fed diet containing aflatoxin B1". Archives Animal Breeding 56, nr 1 (10.10.2013): 842–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-56-084.
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Abstract. A study was conducted to investigate the capability of Myrtus communis essential oil (MCE) in counteracting the deleterious effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on growth performance, serum biochemistry and humoral immune responses in broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design, 300 day-old male chicks were assigned to four treatments with five replicates of 15 birds for 42 days. Chickens, up to day 7 of age, were fed the same diet and then, they were fed the experimental diets. The dietary treatments were 1) the negative control (no dietary aflatoxin or MCE), 2) the positive control (diet containing AFB1 at 0.5 mg/kg, without MCE), 3) diet containing AFB1 at 0.5 mg/kg plus 500 mg/kg MCE, and 4) basal diet containing 500 mg/kg MCE, without AFB1. Growth performance was measured from day 7 to 42. Serum biochemical parameters, organ weights on day 42 and the antibody titers against Newcastle and influenza viruses on day 28 of age were determined. Addition of aflatoxin to diet decreased (P<0.05) the weight gain and feed intake and MCE supplementation diminished (P<0.05) the inhibitory effects of AFB1 on the growth performance. Addition of AFB1 to diet of chicks increased the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and decreased the antibody titers against Newcastle and influenza viruses. Addition of MCE to diet alleviated the negative effects of AFB1 on these parameters (P<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that addition of MCE may reduce the adverse effects of AFB1 on broiler chickens.
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Yang, Lixia, Yuming Mu, Luiz Augusto Quaglia, Qi Tang, Lina Guan, Chunmei Wang i Ming Chi Shih. "Effectiveness of Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography Quantitative Analysis during Adenosine Stress versus Visual Analysis before Percutaneous Therapy in Acute Coronary Pain: A Coronary Artery TIMI Grading Comparing Study". Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/806731.
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The study aim was to compare two different stress echocardiography interpretation techniques based on the correlation with thrombosis in myocardial infarction (TIMI ) flow grading from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Forty-one patients with suspected ACS were studied before diagnostic coronary angiography with myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) at rest and at stress. The correlation of visual interpretation of MCE and TIMI flow grade was significant. The quantitative analysis (myocardial perfusion parameters:A,β, andA×β) and TIMI flow grade were significant. MCE visual interpretation and TIMI flow grade had a high degree of agreement, on diagnosing myocardial perfusion abnormality. If one considers TIMI flow grade <3 as abnormal, MCE visual interpretation at rest had 73.1% accuracy with 58.2% sensitivity and 84.2% specificity and at stress had 80.4% accuracy with 76.6% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity. The MCE quantitative analysis has better accuracy with 100% of agreement with different level of TIMI flow grading. MCE quantitative analysis at stress has showed a direct correlation with TIMI flow grade, more significant than the visual interpretation technique. Further studies could measure the clinical relevance of this more objective approach to managing acute coronary syndrome patient before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
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Wickramasinghe, Janaka, Chiron J. Anderson, Can Ayhan Kaya, Patrick J. Gorden, Flavio Rodrigues Borges Ribeiro, Juliane Dohms, Sydney Rigert, Stephan Schmitz-Esser i Ranga Appuhamy. "Evaluating Ruminal and Small Intestinal Morphology and Microbiota Composition of Calves Fed a Macleaya cordata Extract Preparation". Animals 13, nr 1 (23.12.2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13010054.
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The objective was to determine the impact of feeding MCE on ruminal and intestinal morphology and microbiota composition of calves. A total of 10 male and 10 female crossbred (dairy × beef) calves (6 d of age) were assigned randomly to control (CTL; n = 10) or MCE-supplemented (TRT; n = 10) groups. The MCE was fed in the milk replacer and top-dressed on the calf starter during pre-weaning (6 to 49 d) and post-weaning (50 to 95 d) periods, respectively. Calves were slaughtered at 95 d to collect rumen and intestinal samples to determine volatile fatty acid (VFA) profile, mucosal morphology, and microbiota composition. The effects of MCE were analyzed by accounting for the sex and breed effects. Feeding MCE increased rumen papillae length (p = 0.010) and intestinal villus height: crypt depth (p < 0.030) compared to CTL but did not affect rumen VFA profile. The TRT had a negligible impact on microbial community composition in both the rumen and the jejunum. In conclusion, feeding MCE from birth through weaning can improve ruminal and small intestinal mucosa development of calves despite the negligible microbiota composition changes observed post-weaning.
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Santangelo, María de la Paz, Laura Klepp, Javier Nuñez-García, Federico C. Blanco, Marcelo Soria, Maria del Carmen García-Pelayo, María Verónica Bianco i in. "Mce3R, a TetR-type transcriptional repressor, controls the expression of a regulon involved in lipid metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis". Microbiology 155, nr 7 (1.07.2009): 2245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.027086-0.
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The mce operons constitute four homologous regions in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome, each of which has 8–13 ORFs. Although the function of the Mce protein family has not been clearly established, its members are believed to be membrane lipid transporters. Based on functional experiments, we found that the regulator of the mce3 locus, Mce3R, negatively regulates the expression of the Rv1933c–Rv1935c and Rv1936–Rv1941 transcriptional units. These operons are adjacent to one another and divergently transcribed. The predicted functions of most of these genes are related to either lipid metabolism or redox reactions. Bioinformatic analysis of the 5′ UTR sequences of the differentially expressed genes allowed us to define a putative Mce3R motif. Importantly, the Mce3R motif was present six and three times in the mce3R–yrbE3A and Rv1935c–Rv1936 intergenic regions, respectively. Two occurrences of this motif mapped within the two regions of the mce3 operon that were protected by Mce3R in a footprinting analysis, thus indicating that this motif is likely to serve as an operator site for the Mce3R regulator in the promoter. In addition, alterations in the lipid content of M. tuberculosis were detected in the absence of Mce3R. Taken together, these results suggest that Mce3R controls the expression of both the putative transport system encoded in the mce3 operon and the enzymes implicated in the modification of the Mce3-transported substrates.
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Nikitin, S. A., I. A. Ovchenkova, Georgiy A. Tskhadadze i Konstantin P. Skokov. "Magnetic Phase Transitions and Magnetocaloric Effect in R2Fe17 (R = Y, Tb, Er)". Solid State Phenomena 233-234 (lipiec 2015): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.233-234.204.
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The direct measurements of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and the magnetization for R2Fe17 (R = Y, Tb, Dy) compounds are reported. The maximal values of the MCE for different R2Fe17 compounds are almost the same at the Curie temperature and are equal to 0.8 – 0.85 K at ΛH = 13.5 kOe. The field dependencies of the magnetization and MCE and the dependence of MCE via magnetization deviates from the classical regularities and describes by the thermodynamic theory attracting the higher terms. Obviously the occurrence of the mixed exchange interactions in these compounds leads to the requirement of consideration both thermal and local fluctuations of the exchange integrals near the magnetic transition temperature.
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Lin, Jia-Ling, Wei-Kung Tseng, Po-Tseng Lee, Cheng-Han Lee, Shih-Ya Tseng, Po-Wei Chen, Hsien-Yuan Chang i Ting-Hsing Chao. "A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Outcome Impact of Cilostazol in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease or at a High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease". Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, nr 6 (6.06.2022): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12060938.
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Previous studies found that cilostazol has a favorable effect on glucose and lipid homeostasis, endothelial function, atherosclerosis, and vasculo-angiogenesis. However, it is poorly understood whether these effects can translate into better clinical outcomes. This study investigated the outcome effect of cilostazol in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or at a high risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 266 patients who received cilostazol, 200 mg/day (n = 134) or placebo (n = 132). Pre-specified clinical endpoints including composite major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarct, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, or unplanned coronary revascularization), the composite major coronary event (MCE) and major adverse CV and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), were prospectively assessed. The mean duration of follow-up was 2.9 years. Relative to placebo, cilostazol treatment had a borderline effect on risk reduction of MACE (hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34–1.33), whereas the beneficial effect in favor of cilostazol was significant in patients with diabetes mellitus or a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (p for interaction, 0.02 and 0.06, respectively). Use of cilostazol, significantly reduced the risk of MCE (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.17–0.86) and MACCE (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23–0.96). A significantly lower risk of angina pectoris (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.17–0.86) was also observed in the cilostazol group. After multi-variable adjustment, cilostazol treatment independently predicted a lower risk of MCE. In conclusion, these results suggest cilostazol may have beneficial effects in patients with CAD or at a high risk of CV disease.
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Ling, Hao, Hongyan Xiao, Ziyang Zhang, Youkuan He i Peihua Zhang. "Effects of Macleaya Cordata Extract on Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibilities, Milk Composition, and Plasma Metabolites of Dairy Goats". Animals 13, nr 4 (6.02.2023): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13040566.
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In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) supplementation on performance, nutrient apparent digestibilities, plasma metabolites, and milk quality in dairy goats. Twenty-four lactating Guanzhong dairy goats (n = 24) were randomly divided into two groups (each containing 12 goats) in a 52-day trial: the CON group was fed a basal diet; the MCE group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg MCE. The results indicated that the 4% fat corrected milk yield (4% FCM); uncorrected milk yield; milk-fat concentration; content of C4:0, C18:0, and C18:1n9c fatty acids in milk; and apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in the MCE group were significantly higher (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the lactoferrin (LTF), alpha-lactalbumin (α-La), and beta-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) of the milk and feed conversion rate (FCR) of the goats were significantly greater (p < 0.01) in the MCE group than in the CON group. In contrast, the somatic cell count (SCC) (p < 0.01), content of C14:0 fatty acids (p < 0.01) of milk, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations (p < 0.05) were significantly lower in the in the MCE goats. These results show that the feeding of MCE can increase the performance and apparent nutrient digestibility of fiber in dairy goats, improving the quality of goat milk.
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Pankratov, N. Yu, V. I. Mitsiuk, A. I. Krokhotin, A. I. Smarzhevskaya, G. A. Govor, S. A. Nikitin i V. M. Ryzhkovskii. "Giant Magnetocaloric Effect in the Region of Magnetic Phase Transition in Mn (As,Sb) Compounds". Solid State Phenomena 190 (czerwiec 2012): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.190.343.
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The MCE in MnAs and doped Mn (As,Sb) compounds with low concentration of Sb has been studied by direct investigation. It was shown that for MnAs the maximum value of MCE is ΔT = 0.28 K on heating (at 308 K) and ΔT = 0.88 K on cooling (at T = 306 K) in magnetic filed 12.5 kOe. In doped Mn (As,Sb) compounds the temperature dependence of MCE is similar to MnAs. All investigated compounds demonstrate a strong temperature and field hysteresis of magnetic properties in magnetic field less than 40 kOe. It was established that a small concentration of Sb leads to decrease of MCE hysteresis and preserves the phase transition at room temperature region.