Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Maufactures”

This research aimed to find out the effect of insider ownership. debt policy, dividen payment policy and profitability partially and simulianeusly on stock return on the manufacture companies registered in BEI in 2010-2012 The data of this research was from audited financial report and annualy financial report gained from www.idx.co.id. The sample of this research was the manufacture companies registered in BEI in 2010-2012. The analysis technicue was by double linier regression. The result of this research showed that simultaneusly, insider ownership, debt policy and dividend payment policy efectted significantly on stock return. Partially, only 1 independent variable that was profitability that effected positively significant to the stock return, while insider ownership had a negative significant effect, and partially, debt policy and dividen payment did not affect on stock return. the researcher suggested that the investor of insider ownership variable and profitability could be applied to explain stock return of the maufacture companies then this ratio could be the investor's consideration in analyzing the company's performance that influance the stock return rise Keyword : Insider Ownership, Dept Policy, Dividen Payment Policy, Prifitability Stock Return

The value of the money is going to decrease because of inflation, so we have to invest in an investment asset. The investment tool explored in this research is c-stock which uses financial ratios to determine whether financial ratios are correlated with stock prices in order to identify capital intensive companies. This research uses ratios such as EPS TATO ROE and asset or debt ratio to provide profitability. This study has been carried out in the case of manufacturing companies listed on IDX, using Eviews version 10 as a data processing tool. The primary sampling method was applied in this study, as it is the standard of sampling. From 2019 to 2022 the samples were six companies with research data and therefore 32 observation reports have been collected. Because of the review, it is known that (1) Profit per share emphatically affects stock costs. The meaning of 00154 demonstrates this so H1 is acknowledged. ( 2) The complete resource turnover rate essentially affects the stock cost as confirmed by the meaning of 01040 so H2 is dismissed. ( 3) Return on value emphatically affects stock cost ( ) which is demonstrated at the importance level 00390 so H3 is acknowledged. ( 4) The obligation to resource rate affects share costs, this is validated by a critical worth of0.0719 so H4 is dismissed;( 5) accomplished contemporaneous Experimental outcomes calculation results F of3.103040 with probability0.031819 can be closed in the event that all factors have a huge impact contemporaneously on costs of stock. The aftereffects of the retrogression examination show the adjusted worth( r2) of0.213441, implies that varieties in Profit per Offer, Advancement of All out Resource, Return on Value, and Obligation to implies rate can make sense of the21.34 of changes in stock value, the remaining78.66 is made sense of not analyzed by different factors in this review.

Abstract. The long-term safe containment of high-level radioactive waste in a repository in rock salt is ensured if the geological barriers in conjunction with the geotechnical barriers are permanently impermeable to fluids. As such, an essential factor in underground disposal is to confirm that the interfaces between the biosphere and the lithosphere, i.e., shafts, boreholes, and galleries, created during the excavation of underground cavities can be sufficiently tightly sealed. An essential element of the sealing system required to this end is shaft closure. All shaft closure concepts developed thus far include sealing and supporting elements in repository shafts, but differ in the arrangement of these structural elements and the materials used. The materials currently proposed and planned for the construction of the sealing elements include: clay/bentonite, asphalt/bitumen, crushed salt, and salt/sorel cement. In addition to the materials mentioned above, a research project funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie, BMWi) is investigating the possibility of integrating a layer of salt cut bricks several decameters to 100 m thick into the shaft closure system as a sealing element that provides the option of allowing the geological barrier to heal in the long term. Like the surrounding rock mass, the salt cut bricks are made of natural rock salt. According to this plan, the profile of the bricks is designed to minimize joint volume as far as possible by cutting them to match the geometry of the shaft. The joints between the salt cut bricks can either be filled with, for example, a supersaturated salt solution, Magnesium building materials, molten salt, crushed salt, etc., or directly brought into contact by wetting the surface of the salt cut bricks. Once the salt solution has hardened (cooling of the solution, evaporation of the mixing water), only the pore space in the crushed-salt joint sealant filled with salt solution or air, or the joint volume resulting from the mismatch between individual rock salt bricks are susceptible to a reaction. This means that the sealing element consisting of salt cut bricks develops early supporting pressure against the creeping rock salt of the rock mass compared to crushed salt, has a low initial porosity and already shows a strong sealing effect in the short term (regression of the loosened zone). One can also assume that cohesive bonding between the surrounding rock and the sealing element can already be achieved by introducing the joint filling or by wetting the contact surfaces of the salt cut bricks (no or reduced separation planes in the contact zone). Essential prerequisites for the investigation of the geomechanical-geohydraulic effectiveness of a sealing element made of salt cut bricks included the development and construction of a pilot plant to analyze the mechanical and hydraulic material properties of the bonding system comprising salt cut bricks and joint sealing (FKZ 02E11223, FKZ 02E11425), as well as preliminary investigations on the production of salt cut bricks and joint sealant (→ cutting technique/processing of salt cut bricks; maufacture/workability of jointing material) and on the spatial arrangement of the salt cut bricks (→ avoidance of continuous axial joints in the bonding system, Fig. 1). The presentation includes the results of the research work on the development, construction and commissioning of the pilot plant, as well as the first successful test results demonstrating the functionality of sealing elements made of salt cut bricks.

Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are not usually prepared for an unexpected hit or crises, and thus, guidance is required frequently in order to maintain their businesses, particularly in sudden unpredictable periods. The concern is on how to embed the necessary knowledge and skills to secure that any resulting improvement is sustainable to SMEs. Viewing this deficiency, thus this study is aimed to explore the sustainability of the impact of an external intervention in SMEs by looking into the complexity of different journeys that companies experience through knowledge acquisition. It investigates how it results in achieving sustainable improvement in manufacturing based SMEs in the Northwest, UK. In doing so, this research considers three theoretical concepts identified as Absorptive Capacity (Cohen and Levinthal, 1990; Zahra & George, 2002; Lane et al, 2006; Todorova and Durisin’s 2007), Tipping Point (Gladwell, 2000, 2002) and Knowing Doing Gap (Pfeffer and Sutton, 2000, 2013). The purpose is to discover the role each plays in developing and supporting an environment so that SMEs can accomplish a degree of sustainable improvement leads to growth. The focus was on in-depth intervention represented by the Knowledge Transfer partnership (KTP) scheme funded by the Technology Strategy Board (TSB), assessed as a platform that embodied the practical and theoretical concepts presented in this work. The term intervention (Done et al, 2011; Ismail, 2011) is defined as an instrument specific to those types of external support that SME’s would seek in order to improve one or more aspects of their businesses. In this thesis, intervention involved three parties. The first of these saw provision of “knowledge experts” from academia – iii universities and institutes. The second concerned technical experts that had already been working within the company. Finally bringing everything together is the KTP that allows transfer of knowledge to take place over the short term (i.e. 1 to 3 years). The results of intervention are critical. Done et al, (2011) suggests that it will have a long term impact by introducing new practices of short term activities such as knowledge transfer. As a qualitative research project, the method used to obtain data was through interviews of selected companies as case studies. The investigation was conducted by revealing the interaction process within the implementation of intervention using an exploratory methodology. In the empirical stage, the framework by Bessant et al. (2005) and the Knowing-Doing Mapping tool were used in mapping the companies and the intervention projects they implemented. The input-process-output analysis produced evidence to support the results. Key criteria and influencing factors such as drivers and constraints were considered to evaluate the current companies’ position, and how they may practically progress from one level to the next. Building on this, those factors were compiled to develop a framework for achieving sustainability. The framework represents an interacting process mapping out the various stages of improvements resulting from the intervention plan created around knowledge. This study investigates the issues that the selected companies faced and their attempts to provide solutions through the use of knowledge transfer. The analysis developed a framework that allowed investigation of factors that impact on the sustainability of external intervention. The framework identifies the “enablers” and “barriers” facing SMEs in this process. Enablers were identified as drivers that motivate the company to move forward. Whilst barriers were identified as impediments that iv SMEs need to avoid for reducing risk in applying embedded knowledge. Therefore it is suggested that by applying this framework companies would become aware of the path or route through which they can find a better chance of success and avoid relapse. This thesis has identified a novel proposition to map and present the path that companies take through acquisition and adaptation of knowledge by engaging with an external party to undertake an intervention project. The results show that a successful journey to achieve a breakthrough can be substantially supported by the correct intervention plan implementation appropriate access of the SMEs to proper guidance. It is observed that successful intervention has geared companies to increase their flexibility and ability in continuous progress and development. In some cases, the company was totally transformed in this respect. This thesis is believed to offer a new approach and model to introducing and implementing interventions project in SMEs that will add value to SMEs, assist them to absorb their required knowledge, and sustain growth and innovation in the firm.

Para probar dicha hipótesis el argumento teórico bajo el cual se desarrollará la investigación son las leyes de Kaldor (Kaldor, 1966); cuya primera ley enuncia la relación del crecimiento del producto del sector manufacturero como causa positiva de crecimiento del producto total de la economía; la segunda ley de Kaldor también conocida como ley de Verdoorn, afirma que ante un incremento en la tasa de crecimiento de la producción manufacturera lleva a un incremento en la productividad dentro del mismo sector; la tercera ley enuncia que la productividad en los sectores no manufacturero se incrementa ante la tasa de crecimiento del producto manufacturero (Ocegueda, 2003). El periodo de estudio comprende, según la disponibilidad de los datos, de 1997 a 2017; dichos datos se analizarán en su conjunto, abarcando el valor nacional total de cada una de las variables consideradas. Para el cumplimiento de los objetivos la investigación se desarrolla en tres capítulos; en el primero se analizan los conceptos fundamentales, así como los argumentos teóricos del crecimiento económico, siguiendo las diferentes corrientes del pensamiento económico y a sus principales autores; en el segundo capítulo se exponen las características de la industria manufacturera en México desde 1940 hasta la época posterior a la entrada en vigor del TLCAN; en la última parte de la investigación se realizan las pruebas estadísticas correspondientes a la metodología de datos en panel; para determinar la relación existente entre el crecimiento del producto manufacturero, el crecimiento económico y la productividad, buscando probar la aplicabilidad de los planteamientos de Nicholas Kaldor para el caso de México.