Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Mathématiques – Consommation d'énergie”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Mathématiques – Consommation d'énergie”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Ligeret, Christophe. "Réduction de la consommation électrique du contrôle-commande des machines automatisées". Rennes 1, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00555655.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis presents an analysis of energy consumption of control systems of automated machines. The main objective is to reduce energy consumption of control part. In this document, we present notions related with control systems and we develop methods and an energy consumption simulator which is an analysis tool of energy consumption. Thus, we make an analysis according 3 axes: energy consumption of each control part, consumption of control systems according to choice of components and consumption according to operating modes. So this work proposes an energy consumption methodology and makes it possible to show that energy consumption of control systems is often low with respect to energy consumed by actuators. However, it is possible to reduce by 2 energy consumption of control
Royer, Sullivan. "Modélisation de bâtiments et de leurs zones thermiques : vers une procédure générique". Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1253.
Pełny tekst źródłaHamzaoui, Khalil Ibrahim. "Contribution à la modélisation de la consommation d'énergie dans un dispositif mobile". Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I030/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe main goal of this thesis is to model the power consumption of a particular application running on a mobile device. We propose a model of energy behavior monitoring, we also describe a methodology to identify the parameters of the model. To this end, we analyzed a collection of experimental data collected during my tour de France in an electric wheelchair. We applied statistical tools to obtain the parameters of the model. Finally, we validate the model by comparing the results with other experimental data.The first case study compares the evolution of the energy cost in the mobile environments of the different components of smartphones based on several energy models.- The second case study deals with the evaluation, the measurements of the energy cost consumed and the problems encountered in the methods used for the evaluation of energy consumption. For a better evaluation, the case study of energy behavior was introduced using the virtual machines.- The third case study is based on the treatment of the results of the measurements obtained during my tour of France in a connected electric wheelchair. The goal is to anticipate resource management, realizing measurements, and then tracking energy behavior in a real and diverse environment. The model can be used to define an optimal frequency in terms of energy consumption for specific situations without degrading the quality of service desired by the user
Zaraket, Toufic. "Stochastic activity-based approach of occupant-related energy consumption in residential buildings". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECAP0033/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaRésumé en Anglais : The building sector is considered as a major energy consumer and pollution source among all economic sectors. It accounts for important shares, ranging between 16 and 50 percent, of national energy consumption worldwide. Reducing these consumptions and emissions is thus an important step towards sustainable development. Recently, the shift towards constructing low-consuming and nearly zero-energy buildings lead to further requirements with regard to performance and sustainability, and thus caused the design process of buildings to be more complex. Occupants’ behavior is now considered as a key determinant of building’s energy performance especially in the case of green buildings. Yet, energy simulation tools used in buildings industry nowadays are not capable of providing accurate estimations of occupant-related energy demands. Therefore, buildings and energy experts are devoting considerable efforts on developing more precise methods for modeling and forecasting occupants influence on whole building performance. Such models can provide accurate energy estimates and can assess future consumption variability. Consequently, building experts may improve their technical solutions, ameliorate their service performances, and promote targeted incentives. The objective of this dissertation is to propose a model for forecasting occupant-related energy consumption in residential buildings, while accounting for variability in consumption patterns due to diversity in occupants’ socio-demographic and economic profiles. A stochastic activity-based approach is thus adopted. By activity-based, it means that energy consumption of a household is estimated by summing up the energy use of different activities performed (such as cooking, washing clothes, etc.). The stochastic nature of the model is due to the probabilistic mapping established between household attributes from one side (household type, number of occupants, etc.) and the corresponding appliance ownership, appliance characteristics and power rating, and activity quantities from the other side. In order to establish these stochastic relations, a fairly sufficient number of households’ characterizing attributes is taken into account. The proposed model is applied for two domestic activities, namely watching TV and washing laundry. Three types of Monte Carlo simulations are performed to provide energy estimates for these two activities: for a given specified household, for randomly generated households with constraints, and for totally random population-wise households. A comparison between model’s simulation results and real measured energy consumption data enables validating the model for the two considered activities. A generalization framework of the modeling approach for other domestic activities is sketched, and its possible integration into buildings design process is discussed and illustrated through a number of examples
Wu, David. "Modèles d’optimisation pour la gestion de consommation d’énergie multi-flux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS221.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe large-scale automated collection of energy consumption data raises new optimization problems. The issue addressed in this thesis is to propose solutions for modeling and solving optimization models for multi-stream energy consumption management. The consumption data are represented as a time series.We first develop deterministic and robust models for the optimization of electricity contracting. This problem is formulated as the minimization of a convex objective function under special structure constraints (order constraints); it is solved by a new efficient algorithm that considerably reduces the computational effort, in the presence of a large amount of data, needed to evaluate the objective function. We then present deterministic and robust models around the optimal management of water networks using an automated strategy based on the use of trigger levels. We also show that the problem can be reduced to smaller daily problems without losing too much accuracy. Numerical results are presented and reveal the possibility of strong savings in the different energy systems studied
Alves, da Silva Lucas. "Estimation de la consommation d'énergie et du taux d'erreur bit d'un système Bluetooth LE basée sur la modélisation hiérarchique d'un amplificateur de puissance à 2,4 GHz". Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4103.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe different results presented in this thesis focus on considering the energy consumption, during the development of hierarchical models for the design and verification of complex electronic systems. A wireless communication system was developed, complying to the Bluetooth Low-Energy (B-LE) standard, to estimate the whole system’s energy consumption, during the development phases. Initially, the energetic behaviour of the digital segment was studied, following the virtual prototyping approach. At the network level, an analysis of the different scan and advertisement strategies could be conducted, considering the device’s average power consumption as the optimization factor. Following, the radio transceiver’s modelling, using behavioural blocks, allows the estimation of the whole system’s energy consumption, as well as its influence over the system’s bit-error rate (BER). Finally the design of a power amplifier is presented, starting with its specification, through the architectural exploration and choice, until the circuit’s design and tape-out. Two methods are then proposed for the extraction of the power consumption, leading to refined accurate behavioural models, with minimal increase in simulation times
Djeema, Ahcene. "Modélisation Bottom-Up, un outil d’aide à la décision long terme pour les mesures politiques en matière d’énergie et d’environnement : le modèle TIMES appliqué aux industries grandes consommatrices d’énergie". Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://pastel.paristech.org/5303/01/Thèse_ADjemaa.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaAmong the energy users in France and Europe, some industrial sectors are very important and should have a key role when assessing the final energy demand patterns in the future. The aim of our work is to apply a prospective model for the long range analysis of energy/technology choices in the industrial sector, focussing on the energy-intensive sectors. The modelling tool applied in this study is the TIMES model (family of best known MARKAL model). It is an economic linear programming model generator for local, national or multi regional energy systems, which provides a technology-rich basis for estimating energy dynamics over a long term, multi period time. We illustrate our work with nine energy-intensive industrial sectors: paper, steel, glass, cement, lime, tiles, brick, ceramics and plaster. It includes a detailed description of the processes involved in the production of industrial products, providing typical energy uses in each process step. In our analysis, we identified for each industry, several commercially available state-of-the-art technologies, characterized and chosen by the Model on the basis of cost effectiveness. Furthermore, we calculated potential energy savings, carbon dioxide emissions' reduction and we estimated the energy impact of a technological rupture. This work indicates that there still exists a significant potential for energy savings and carbon dioxide emissions' reduction in all industries
Castagnetti, Andrea. "Étude de la gestion de l'autonomie en énergie d'objets communicants sans fil". Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4059.
Pełny tekst źródłaWireless Sensor Networks are composed of nodes equipped with a computational unit, sensors and a radio transceiver. Energy consumption is a major challenge in the WSN domain, and energy efficient solutions are required because the nodes carry a limited amount of power. Energy harvesting technologies can be used to scavenge energy from the environment, thus prolonging the lifespan of a WSN node. The goal of this thesis is on power management techniques
Allibe, Benoit. "Modélisation des consommations d'énergie du secteur résidentiel français : amélioration du réalisme comportemental et scénarios volontaristes". Phd thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00872403.
Pełny tekst źródłaLong term modelling of residential energy consumption is most often realised by two kinds of models : engineering and economic. The former have the ability to precisely depict the energy demand infrastructure in a technical way but generally lack a necessary level of realism concerning households' behaviours when facing changes of economical context. The research undertaken during this thesis explains how elements of behavioural realism have been implemented in an engineering model of housing space heating consumption in order to combine both technical explicitness and behavioural realism. Results highlight the elasticity of space heating consumption with respect to a number of variables including technical performance, allowing the estimation of the rebound effect phenomenon at a national scale. The second part of the research is dedicated to the techno-economic modelling of households' energy efficient equipment investments. The results obtained from the model enabled the quantification of energy efficiency barriers concerning the main types of housing refurbishment and heating systems. Other results depict how market heterogeneity can be introduced in techno-economic models. These elements were implemented into a prospective model (BEUS), wich was developed during the thesis. Simulation results show that the increase of behavioural realism of engineering models makes it even more difficult to reach mid- and long-term national energy and climate policies targets. Finally, a discussion is proposed on the topic of energy tier-pricing and its fiscal equivalent - a bonus-malus on energy consumption - based on BEUS results
Jaunâtre, Kévin. "Analyse et modélisation statistique de données de consommation électrique". Thesis, Lorient, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORIS520.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn October 2014, the French Environment & Energy Management Agency with the ENEDIS company started a research project named SOLENN ("SOLidarité ENergie iNovation") with multiple objectives such as the study of the control of the electric consumption by following the households and to secure the electric supply. The SOLENN project was lead by the ADEME and took place in Lorient, France. The main goal of this project is to improve the knowledge of the households concerning the saving of electric energy. In this context, we describe a method to estimate extreme quantiles and probabilites of rare events which is implemented in a R package. Then, we propose an extension of the famous Cox's proportional hazards model which allows the etimation of the probabilites of rare events. Finally, we give an application of some statistics models developped in this document on electric consumption data sets which were useful for the SOLENN project. A first application is linked to the electric constraint program directed by ENEDIS in order to secure the electric network. The houses are under a reduction of their maximal power for a short period of time. The goal is to study how the household behaves during this period of time. A second application concern the utilisation of the multiple regression model to study the effect of individuals visits on the electric consumption. The goal is to study the impact on the electric consumption for the week or the month following a visit
Boucharel, Paul. "Conception des lois de commande optimales pour l'amélioration de l'efficacité globale d'une chaîne de traction automobile". Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT060H.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe main aim of the study is to determine the minimal fuel consumption of a parallel hybrid vehicle that fulfill the driver's request. First, a model representing the energy flows inside the vehicle was set. Then local control algorithms were developed to determine the optimal gear ratio and torque repartition between the motors by minimizing a criterion including consumption and driveability aspects. A second point of the thesis consists in extracting the optimal behavior of the car on a planned trip. A global optimization that computes the minimal consumption on the planned trip was developed. Considering a vehicle with a navigation system, the analysis of the results allows to improve the gear ratio and the battery charging management of the local algorithms. Fast prototyping tests and vehicle tests were made to validate this approach
Endravadan, Mala. "Régulation des systèmes de chauffage et de climatisation basée sur la sensation thermique humaine : impact sur la consommation d'énergie dans les bâtiments". Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30003.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe thermal comfort of an individual depends on indoor conditions that can be controlled. However, changes in activity or clothing adjustments are difficult to control and measure in the field experiments. Behavioural actions undertaken by the occupant to overcome the discomfort could be varying and may have diverse consequences. Sometimes these actions are beneficial to the occupant, although often they lead to disastrous amounts of energy consumption. Hence, it becomes crucial to consider the human behaviour and the thermal inertia of the building. The creation of numerical models is useful to study the coupling between these two components and to evaluate the effects of behaviour on comfort and energy consumption. The simulations of the whole system were conducted using TRNSYS software
Tehrani, Nejad Moghaddam Alireza. "Impact de l’évolution de la demande de produits pétroliers sur la consommation d’énergie et les émissions de CO2 des raffineries". Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOE007.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe French refining industry is in a paradoxical situation. Although the energy efficiency of the refineries have been significantly improved their CO2 emissions are continuously increasing and this trend will be kept in future. The origin of this paradox steams in the profound modification in the demand structure (in terms of quantity and quality) of the oil products. The objective of this dissertation is to provide answers to these paradoxical questions. This objective is achieved and can be summarized in three points: (1) the introduction of linear programming to the prospective and retrospective life cycle assessment analysis (2) the evaluation of the impact of tightening the sulfur specification on the marginal cost and marginal CO2 contribution of oil products (3) the assessment of the average CO2 coefficients for oil products useful in the life cycle assessment studies
Romary, David. "Etude technico-économique des systèmes de production et distribution de chaleur et de force : application au tertiaire". Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10230.
Pełny tekst źródłaMandallena, Céline. "Elaboration et application d'une méthode d'évaluation et d'amélioration de la qualité environnementale de bâtiments tertiaires en exploitation". Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13207.
Pełny tekst źródłaVu, Thanh Tung. "Modèles spatiaux pour la planification cellulaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0043.
Pełny tekst źródłaNowadays, cellular technology is almost everywhere. It has had an explosive success over the last two decades and the volume of traffic will still increase in the near future. For this reason, it is also regarded as one cause of worldwide energy consumption, with high impact on carbon dioxide emission. On the other hand, new mathematical tools have enabled theconception of new models for cellular networks: one of these tools is stochastic geometry, or more particularly spatial Poisson point process. In the last decade, researchers have successfully used stochastic geometry to quantify outage probability, throughput or coverage of cellular networks by treating deployment of mobile stations or (and) base stations as Poisson point processes on a plane. These results also take into account to impact of mobility on the performance of such networks. In this thesis, we apply the theory of Poisson point process to solve some problems of cellular networks, in particular we analyze the energy consumption of cellular networks. This thesis has two main parts. The first part deals with some dimensioning and coverage problems in cellular network. We uses stochastic analysis to provide bounds for theoverload probability of OFDMA systems thanks to concentration inequalities and we apply it to solve a dimensioning problem. We also compute the outage probability and handover probability of a typical user. The second part is dedicated to introduce different models for energy consumption of cellular networks. In the first model, the initial location of users form a \PPP\ and each user is associated with an ON-OFF process of activity. In the second model, arrival of users forms a time-space \PPP. We also study the impact of mobility of users by assuming that users randomly move during its sojourn. We focus on the distribution of consumed energy by a base station. This consumed energy is divided into the additive part and the broadcast part. We obtain analytical expressions for the moments of the additive part as well as the mean and variance of the consumed energy. We are able to find an error bound for Gaussian approximation of the additive part. We prove that the mobility of users has a positive impact on the energy consumption. It does not increase or decrease the consumed energy in average but reduces its variance to zero in high mobility regime. We also characterize the convergent rate in function of user's speed
Moréac, Erwan. "Optimisation de la consommation d’énergie et de la latence dans les réseaux sur puces". Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS467/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThanks to the technology’s shrinking, a considerable amount of memory and computing capacity can be embedded into a single chip. This improvement leads to an important increase of the bandwidth requirements, that becomes the bottleneck of chip performances in terms of computational power. Thus, designers proposed the Network-on-Chip (NoC) as an answer to this bandwidth challenge. However, the on-chip traffic growth allowed by the NoC causes a significant rise of the chip energy consumption, which leads to a temperature increase and a reliability reduction of the chip. The development of energy optimization techniques for NoC becomes necessary.The first part of this thesis is devoted to the study of NoCs power models in order to estimate accurately the consumption of each component. Then, we can identify which ones are the most power consuming. Hence, the first contribution of this thesis has been to improve the NoC power model by replacing the lilnk power model in a NoC simulator (Noxim) by a bit-accurate one (Noxim-XT). In this way, the simulator is able to consider Crosstalk effects, a physical phenomenon that increases links energy consumption. The second part of the thesis deals with NoC energy optimization techniques. Thus, our research of optimization techniques is focused on inter-router links since their energy contribution regarding the NoC dynamic energy is significant and the dynamic energy tends to stay prominent with the shrinking technology. We proposed two optimization techniques from the study of NoC links optimizations. These two techniques present different energy / latency compromises and a possible extension of this work could be the development of a transmission strategy in order to select the right technique according to the application requirements
Chen, Jiejia. "Minimisation de la consommation et gestion de l’interférence pour des transmissions multi-sauts et coopératives dans les réseaux de capteurs". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10097/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe main objective of this work is firstly to study the impact of material characteristics on the consumption of a direct link or a multi-hop transmission in the wireless sensor networks applications. We specifically investigate the communications environment within the building with short transmission distances. A sensors network with low cost but many who can only capture data and transmit it is assumed. A second kind of sensors, fewer but more powerful, is capable of relaying information. Finally, the information is sent to the gateway that may be more expensive and energy-unconstrained. In this context, the physical characteristics may change between the different nodes. We want to see if these factors have an impact on strategies for multi-hop transmissions. Our major contribution is to show that the efficiency or the noise of the nodes in a heterogeneous system is an important parameter for selecting a node and the calculations of optimal relay gains. We then study methods of cooperative diversity "decode and forward" and "Amplify and forward" for improved performance in the context of impulse radio ultra-wideband. Due to the multiple access, the distribution of interference is not Gaussian. We choose the symmetric α-stable model that accurately represents the impulsive nature thanks to its heavy-tailed distribution. The stability property then allows us an analytical study of multi-hop transmissions and cooperatives. We analyze the error probability and obtain semi-analytical expressions. Finally, we propose a criterion for selecting the optimal relay based on the effect of interference
Arntz, Aurélien. "Civil aircraft aero-thermo-propulsive performance assessment by an exergy analysis of high-fidelity CFD-RANS flow solutions". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10110/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe tools and methodologies currently used for the design of commercial aircraft have been initiated decades ago and are based on simplifying assumptions that become excessively ambiguous for highly-integrated propulsion devices for which traditional drag/thrust bookkeepings become inapplicable. Likewise, the growing complexity of civil aircraft requires a more global performance assessment which could take into account thermal management. As a consequence, a new exergy-based formulation is derived for the assessment of the aerothermopropulsive performance of civil aircraft. The output of the derivation process is an exergy balance between the exergy supplied by a propulsion system or by heat transfer, the mechanical equilibrium of the aircraft, and the exergy outflow and destruction within the control volume. The theoretical formulation is subsequently numerically implemented in a Fortran code named ffx for the post-processing of CFD-RANS flow solutions. Unpowered airframe configurations are examined with grid refinement studies and a turbulence model sensitivity analysis. The code is thereby validated against well-tried methods of drag prediction or wind-tunnel testings when available. Finally, the investigation of powered configurations demonstrates the ability of the approach for the performance assessment of configurations with aerothermopropulsive interactions
Choungmo, Fofack Nicaise Éric. "Sur des modèles pour l'évaluation de performance des caches dans un réseau cœur et de la consommation d'énergie dans un réseau d'accès sans-fil". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968894.
Pełny tekst źródłaBenouali, Jugurtha. "Etude et minimisation des consommations des systèmes de climatisation automobile". Paris, ENMP, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENMP1107.
Pełny tekst źródłaVu, Thanh Tung. "Modèles spatiaux pour la planification cellulaire". Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0043/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaNowadays, cellular technology is almost everywhere. It has had an explosive success over the last two decades and the volume of traffic will still increase in the near future. For this reason, it is also regarded as one cause of worldwide energy consumption, with high impact on carbon dioxide emission. On the other hand, new mathematical tools have enabled theconception of new models for cellular networks: one of these tools is stochastic geometry, or more particularly spatial Poisson point process. In the last decade, researchers have successfully used stochastic geometry to quantify outage probability, throughput or coverage of cellular networks by treating deployment of mobile stations or (and) base stations as Poisson point processes on a plane. These results also take into account to impact of mobility on the performance of such networks. In this thesis, we apply the theory of Poisson point process to solve some problems of cellular networks, in particular we analyze the energy consumption of cellular networks. This thesis has two main parts. The first part deals with some dimensioning and coverage problems in cellular network. We uses stochastic analysis to provide bounds for theoverload probability of OFDMA systems thanks to concentration inequalities and we apply it to solve a dimensioning problem. We also compute the outage probability and handover probability of a typical user. The second part is dedicated to introduce different models for energy consumption of cellular networks. In the first model, the initial location of users form a \PPP\ and each user is associated with an ON-OFF process of activity. In the second model, arrival of users forms a time-space \PPP. We also study the impact of mobility of users by assuming that users randomly move during its sojourn. We focus on the distribution of consumed energy by a base station. This consumed energy is divided into the additive part and the broadcast part. We obtain analytical expressions for the moments of the additive part as well as the mean and variance of the consumed energy. We are able to find an error bound for Gaussian approximation of the additive part. We prove that the mobility of users has a positive impact on the energy consumption. It does not increase or decrease the consumed energy in average but reduces its variance to zero in high mobility regime. We also characterize the convergent rate in function of user's speed
Verdant, Arnaud. "Architectures adaptatives de traitement des images dans le plan focal". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112361.
Pełny tekst źródłaImage sensors are an integral part of our daily lives. These deviees are most commonly implemented in mobile products for which remain strong constraints of energy consumption. Indeed, the images captured by such sensors contain many spatial and time redundancies when considering a video stream. Many data are unnecessarily processed, transmitted and stored, thereby inducing a lack of autonomy in such systems. The thesis work carried out aimed to address this power constraint by defining new architectural approaches to image processing within the matrix of pixels, to adapt sensor resources based on the activity of the observed scene. Thus, new concepts of acquisition and processing related to motion detection have been studied. The processing architecture, derived from subsequently developed algorithms, while offering solutions to ensure the integrity of the analog data. Original modelling methodology was finally implemented in order to validate the proposed concepts, to ensure the processing consistency, robustness and induced consumption. Finally, a demonstrator was designed to validate the silicon implementation of the architecture. The power consumption gains are estimated from 30 to 700 compared to the image sensor sensors state of the art
Desta, Alemayehu. "Energy Supply and Demand Side Management in Industrial Microgrid Context". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1234/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDue to increased energy costs and environmental concerns such as elevated carbon footprints, centralized power generation systems are restructuring themselves to reap benefits of distributed generation in order to meet the ever growing energy demands. Microgrids are considered as a possible solution to deploy distributed generation which includes Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) (e.g., solar, wind, battery, etc). In this thesis, we are interested in addressing energy management challenges in an industrial microgrid where energy loads consist of industrial processes. Our plan of attack is to divide the microgrid energy management into supply and demand sides.In supply side, the challenges include modeling of power generations and smoothing out fluctuations of the DERs. To model power generations, we propose amodel based on service curve concepts of Network Calculus (NC). Using this mathematical tool, we determine a minimum amount of power the DERs can generate and aggregating them will give us total power production in the microgrid. After that, if there is an imbalance between energy supply and demand, we put forward different strategies to minimize energy procurement costs. Based on real power consumption data of an industrial site located in France, significant cost savings can be made by adopting the strategies. In this thesis, we also study how to mitigate the effects of power fluctuations of DERs in conjunction with Energy Storage Systems (ESSs). For this purpose, we propose a Gaussian-based smoothing algorithm and compare it with state-of-the-art smoothing algorithms. We found out that the proposed algorithm uses less battery size for smoothing purposes when compared to other algorithms. To this end, we are also interested in investigating effects of allowable range of fluctuations on battery sizes.In demand side, the aim is to reduce energy costs through Demand Side Management (DSM) approaches such as Demand Response (DR) and Energy Efficiency (EE). As industrial processes are power-hungry consumers, a small power consumption reduction using the DSM approaches could translate into crucial savings. This thesis focuses on DR approach that can leverage time varying electricity prices to move energy demands from peak to off-peak hours. To attain this goal, we rely on a queuing theory-based model to characterize temporal behaviors (arrival and departure of jobs) of a manufacturing system. After defining job arrival and departure processes, an effective utilization function is used to predict workstation’s (or machine’s) behavior in temporal domain that can show its status (working or idle) at any time. Taking the status of every machine in a production line as an input, we also propose a DR scheduling algorithm that adapts power consumption of a production line to available power and production rate constraints. The algorithm is coded using Deterministic Finite State Machine (DFSM) in which state transitions happen by inserting a job (or not inserting) at conveyor input. We provide conditions for existence of feasible schedules and conditions to accept DR requests positively.To verify analytical computations on the queuing part, we have enhanced Objective Modular Network Testbed in C++ (OMNET++) discrete event simulator for fitting it to our needs. We modified various libraries in OMNET++ to add machine and conveyor modules. In this thesis, we also setup a testbed to experiment with a smart DR protocol called Open Automated Demand Response (OpenADR) that enables energy providers (e.g., utility grid) to ask consumers to reduce their power consumption for a given time. The objective is to explore how to implement our DR scheduling algorithm on top of OpenADR
Trigui, Rochdi. "Motorisation asynchrone pour véhicules électriques : modélisation, optimisation et évaluation". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL064N.
Pełny tekst źródłaColmant, Maxime. "Multi-dimensional analysis of software power consumptions in multi-core architectures". Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10094/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaEnergy-efficient computing is becoming increasingly important. Among the reasons, one can mention the massive consumption of large data centers that consume as much as 180,000 homes. This trend, combined with environmental concerns, makes energy efficiency a prime technological and societal challenge. Currently, widely used power distribution units (PDUs) are often shared amongst nodes to deliver aggregated power consumption reports, in the range of hours and minutes. However, in order to improve the energy efficiency of software systems, we need to support process-level power estimation in real-time, which goes beyond the capacity of a PDUs. In particular, the CPU is considered by the research community as the major power consumer within a node and draws attention while trying to model the system power consumption. Over the last few years, a dozen of ad hoc power models have been proposed to cope with the wide diversity and the growing complexity of modern CPU architectures. In this thesis, we rather propose PowerAPI for learning power models and building software-defined power meters that provide accurate power estimation on modern architectures. With the emergence of cloud computing, we propose BitWatts and WattsKit for leveraging software power estimation in VMs and clusters. A finer level of estimation may be required to further evaluate the effectiveness of the software optimizations and we therefore propose codEnergy for helping developers to understand how the energy is really consumed by a software. We deeply assessed all above approaches, thus demonstrating the usefulness of PowerAPI to better understand the software power consumption on modern architectures
Olivier, Pierre. "Estimation de performances et de consommation énergétique de systèmes de stockage à base de mémoire flash dans les systèmes embarqués". Thesis, Lorient, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORIS346/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaControlling and optimizing embedded system performance and power consumption is critical. In this context, estimation techniques are used when performing measurement campaigns is difficult due to time or financial constraints. This work targets the performance and power consumption evaluation of the secondary storage service in an embedded operating system using NAND flash memory. One way to manage flash memory is to used dedicated Flash File Systems (FFS). One can observe a lack of work in the literature concerning FFS performance and power consumption estimation techniques.The contributions presented in this thesis rely on a three steps performance and power consumption modeling methodology. During the exploration phase, we identify through micro-benchmarking the main elements of a FFS based system impacting performance and power consumption of the embedded system. In the modeling phase, this impact is represented by building models of various types. The main models types are the functional, performance and power consumption models. Models parameters are extracted through measurements on a real platform. During the simulation phase the models are implemented in a simulator. This tool allows obtaining performance and power consumption estimations concerning a flash-based storage system processing a given I/O workload
Kriegel, Joffrey. "Caractérisation de la performance temporelle et de la consommation électrique de systèmes embarqués basés sur des plates-formes multiprocesseurs/coeurs et mettant en oeuvre du logiciel temps réel : FORECAST : perFORmance and Energy Consumption AnalysiS Tool". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00837867.
Pełny tekst źródłaGenov, Antonio. "Estimation de la consommation basée sur les modèles de performance SystemC-TLM des systèmes d'interconnexion et de mémoire des SoC". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ4108.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe rapid pace of development in microelectronics enables the semiconductor industry to constantly surpass itself and to offer ever more innovative and complex products and technologies. The most modern areas of development, such as 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT) and automotive, rely on complex, high¬-performance, low-¬power designs. Unfortunately, this increased complexity often leads to higher power consumption and more challenging designs. In order to solve these problems and differentiate themselves in the market, System¬-on-Chip (SoC) manufacturers and engineers are putting tremendous effort into researching new development strategies. Numerous studies have shown that one of the key steps to take is to revisit the early stages of the design flow and, in particular, to integrate simulation-based modeling and verification at a higher level of abstraction. The early stages of product development are critical to avoiding costs, delays, and other unexpected problems. As a result, Hardware/Software (HW/SW) architectural exploration has become a key component of SoC modeling. In this thesis, we address this gap and present a framework for mixed performance and power estimation/management of SoCs using high¬-level SystemC/TLM2.0 functional models. Our methodology allows us to dynamically extract performance and power, while considering functional model activity, power management and reduction strategies, and memory system consumption. In this way, we can observe the impact of power management on performance and optimize the trade¬off between the two at the very beginning of the design flow. We address this shortcoming and present our first dynamic approach for mixed power/performance estimation applied to an NXP Intellectual Property (IP) interconnection subsystem used in i.MX8 SoC series. This modeling methodology uses the PwClkARCH library, which follows UPF semantics and enables power estimation and management. Its key point is that it maintains a strong separation between the functional code and the power intent description. There is no intrusive power¬-oriented code in the functional model, which simplifies architectural exploration, allows joint and separate reuse of behavioral and power models, and leads to more complete code and easier performance estimation
Pradal, Delphine. "Eco-procédés d'extraction de polyphénols antioxydants à partir d'un co-produit agro-alimentaire". Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10190/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn a sustainable context, methodologies for multi-criteria optimization of green processes for the recovery of antioxidant polyphenols from by-products have been proposed, taking into account the total polyphenols yield, the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from chicory ground and the energy consumption of the equipment during processing time. Study on ultrasound-assisted extraction has helped to highlight the gains in processing time and energy through the application of ultrasounds. A comprehensive model was developed as a tool for multi-criteria optimization (total polyphenols yield, antioxidant activity and energy consumption) of extraction conditions (including time, temperature, solvent composition and power of ultrasounds). After preliminary studies on extract's enrichment using different adsorbents, the Amberlite XAD 16 resin was chosen as the most suitable for the adsorption of polyphenols extracted from chicory ground. An integrated process for simultaneous extraction and purification allowed enrichment in polyphenols of 2 to 4 times of chicory ground extracts. A model for multi-criteria optimization of this process has been proposed taking into account the amount of recovered polyphenols, the antioxidant activity of the extracts and the energy consumption of the equipment in function of operating conditions: processing time, aqueous phase flow and chicory ground-adsorbent ratio
Durand, Amaury. "Functional time series modeling and application to representation and analysis of multi-site electric load curves for energy management". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAT018.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe analysis of electrical load curves collected by smart meters is a key step for many energy management tasks ranging from consumption forecasting and load monitoring to customers characterization and segmentation. In this context, researchers from EDF R&D are interested in extracting significant information from the daily electrical load curves in order to compare the consumption behaviors of different buildings. The strategy followed by the group which hosted my doctorate is to use physical and deterministic models based on information such as the room size, the insulating materials or weather data, or to extract hand-designed patterns from the electrical load curves based on the knowledge of experts. Given the growing amount of data collected, the interest of the group in statistical or data-driven methods has increased significantly in recent years. These approaches should provide new solutions capable of exploiting massive data without relying on expensive processing and expert knowledge. My work fits directly into this trend by proposing two modeling approaches: the first approach is based on functional time series and the second one is based on non-negative tensor factorization. This thesis is split into three main parts. In the first part, we present the industrial context and the practical objective of the thesis, as well as an exploratory analysis of the data and a discussion on the two modeling approaches proposed. In the second part, we follow the first modeling approach and provide a thorough study of the spectral theory for functional time series. Finally, the second modeling approach based on non-negative tensor factorization is presented in the third part
Janvier, Damien. "Contribution à la modélisation simplifiée de l'enveloppe du bâtiment et des ambiances thermo-aérauliques". Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMS003.
Pełny tekst źródłaBaleynaud, Jean-Michel. "Contribution a la modelisation de l'habitat solaire passif : validation et etude de facteurs de sensibilite". Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30052.
Pełny tekst źródłaMairet, Nicolas. "Déterminants de la demande d'énergie dans le secteur tertiaire en France : une analyse technico-économique". Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10060.
Pełny tekst źródłaGiven the current challenges of rising energy prices, fossil resources depletion and environmental damage, energy demand analysis is a condition to the design and set up of demand-side management programs. The service sector, which is heterogeneous and made up of many small energy consumers, has been little investigated. Yet it represents an important challenge because of its rapidly growing energy consumption. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to analyze determinants of energy demand in the French service sector. For that purpose, we rely on a technico-economic approach. Energy consumption, disaggregated into sectors and end-uses, is considered as a response to socio-economic needs. We distinguish two groups of determinants: energy ones and socio-economic ones. A decomposition analysis makes it possible to evaluate the contributions of the main determinants to changes in energy consumption of the French service sector. This analysis shows the importance of activity and structural phenomenon as drivers of energy use. Moreover, this thesis shows the contribution of a detailed approach to the understanding of determinants of energy demand in the service sector, through a prospective study of the trade sector
Lambert, Charlène. "Simulation et optimisation énergétique de procédés agroalimentaires dans un logiciel de génie chimique. Modélisation du séchage convectif d'aliments solides et application à une sucrerie de betteraves". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLA004.
Pełny tekst źródłaTo face recent European regulations, the food industry has a critical need for IT tools to simulate their entire factory to reconcile industrial data and optimize energy consumption. Such software exist in the field of chemical engineering. They are limited to mixtures of gases and liquids whose thermo-physical properties can be correctly predicted by thermodynamic models. To date, no commercial software is able to simulate most food unit operations and calculate the required thermophysical properties of foods, especially solid foods. A first part of this Ph.D. is dedicated to the development of a model of hot air drying of solid food. This model is being added to the ProSimPlus® unit operation module database. It has been validated in the laboratory scale for the drying of 4 products of different compositions and geometries. Its simulation time is significantly higher than the one of the other modules of ProSimPlus®. To overcome this issue, an innovative method of drying model reduction has been developed. To facilitate the characterization work of a new product, a new and rapid method for identifying the apparent diffusivity of water by a reverse approach was also developed. A second part of this PhD focuses on the simulation and energy optimization of a sugar beet factory, in collaboration with V.E.R.I. All the unit operations of the factory were modeled with ProSimPlus® using only modules of -food non-specific- unit operations. Data reconciliation has been performed and deviation between simulated and industrial data were below 1 %. Energy optimization of the sugar factory was performed by combining thermal and exergy analyses. In this study, technical solutions were proposed to significantly reduce the total irreversibility, the cold utility requirement and the mass flow-rate of high pressure steam supplying the factory
Sajjad, Sajjad Hussain. "Observational and modelling approaches to study urban climate : application on Pakistan". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01044727.
Pełny tekst źródłaRibault, Alnour. "Optimisation de la consommation d’énergie d’un entrepôt frigorifique : double approche par la recherche opérationnelle et l’apprentissage automatique". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2008.
Pełny tekst źródłaCold storage in Europe consume important amounts of energy to maintain cold rooms at low temperatures. The cold production control method most commonly used in cold stores does not account for variations in the price of electricity caused by the fluctuating needs of the electrical network. The thermal inertia of the cold rooms as well as the coolant tank could be used as energy storage. Moreover, the compressors are often used at suboptimal production levels. Those practices lead to extra energy consumption costs.In the present research work, two approaches are proposed to improve the control of cold stores. The first approach is based on the mathematical modelling of the cold stores, and by the application of optimisation algorithms to those models in order to generate energy consumption schedules with minimal cost. The second approach, based on machine learning techniques, aims at establishing the best production decision in a given context by predicting the future cost generated by each possible production decision. These two approaches are compared to the most common control method for cold stores
Cheik, Ahamed Abal-Kassim. "Méthodes numériques pour la résolution accélérée des systèmes linéaires de grandes tailles sur architectures hybrides massivement parallèles". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0035.
Pełny tekst źródłaAdvances in computational power have led to many developments in science and its applications. Solving linear systems occurs frequently in scientific computing, as in the finite element discretization of partial differential equations. The running time of the overall resolution is a direct result of the performance of the involved algebraic operations.In this dissertation, different ways of efficiently solving large and sparse linear systems are put forward. We present the best way to effectively compute linear algebra operations in an heterogeneous multi-core-GPU environment in order to make solvers such as iterative methods more robust and therefore reduce the computing time of these systems. We propose new techniques to speed algorithms up the auto-tuning of the threading design, according to the problem characteristics and the equipment level in the hardware and available resources. Numerical experiments performed on a set of large-size sparse matrices arising from diverse engineering and scientific problems, have clearly shown the benefit of the use of GPU technology to solve large sparse systems of linear equations, and its robustness and accuracy compared to existing libraries such as Cusp.The main priority of the GPU program is computational time to obtain the solution in a parallel environment, i.e, "How much time is needed to solve the problem?". In this thesis, we also address another question regarding energy issues, i.e., "How much energy is consumed by the application?". To answer this question, an experimental protocol is established to measure the energy consumption of a GPU for fundamental linear algebra operations accurately. This methodology fosters a "new vision of high-performance computing" and answers some of the questions outlined in green computing when using GPUs.The remainder of this thesis is devoted to synchronous and asynchronous iterative algorithms for solving linear systems in the context of a multi-core-GPU system. We have implemented and analyzed these algorithms using iterative methods based on sub-structuring techniques. Mathematical models and convergence results of synchronous and asynchronous algorithms are presented here, as are the convergence results of the asynchronous sub-structuring methods. We then analyze these methods in the context of a hybrid multi-core-GPU, which should pave the way for exascale hybrid methods.Lastly, we modify the non-overlapping Schwarz method to accelerate it, using GPUs. The implementation is based on the acceleration of the local solutions of the linear sub-systems associated with each sub-domain using GPUs. To ensure good performance, optimized conditions obtained by a stochastic technique based on the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) are used. Numerical results illustrate the good performance, robustness and accuracy of synchronous and asynchronous algorithms to solve large sparse linear systems in the context of an heterogeneous multi-core-GPU system
Atallah, Tarek. "Measuring the Transition toward Less Energy Intensive Economies : modeling Solutions for the Demand-Side". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED024.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe world is currently witnessing a transition in the energy scene that is significantly characterized by global economic growth dynamics, climate change negotiations and volatile energy prices. Rapidly evolving regulatory and macro-economic environments heavily impact on the demand-side of energy, forcing governments to acquire an ever-increasing set of quantitative tools to better assess the results of their taxation policies.This thesis addresses some of these issues by analyzing various facets of energy demand in order to generate sensible demand and price elasticities with real-life applications in sustainable energy management. For that purpose, a combination of cluster, decomposition and multiple econometric analysis is undertaken at global, regional and country-specific levels for households complemented by a policy analysis. A special focus is made on modeling consumer demand behavior for resource-rich economies of the Gulf Cooperation Countries, and the potential impact of removing residential electricity subsidies on the net societal welfare of Saudi Arabia
Peigné, Pierre. "Etude d'un système combiné de ventilation et de chauffage au bois dans les bâtiments à basse consommation d'énergie". Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00816015.
Pełny tekst źródłaKhaled, Ramez. "Optimisation des engins de pêche en terme d'économie de carburant". Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788335.
Pełny tekst źródłaLe, Gallic Thomas. "Penser nos futurs modes de vie dans les démarches de prospective énergétique : proposition d’une approche par la modélisation". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM067/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaConsumerist lifestyles in industrialized countries are considered one of the main drivers of global resource use and environment degradation. Changes in these lifestyles are therefore one of the keys to achieving a sustainable future, especially as these lifestyles also tend to be pursued by some economic classes in developing countries. Yet the lifestyles issue has only marginally been considered in public policies until now, including the ones that aimed to address the challenges of energy transition and climate change mitigation. Our research was initiated in order to encourage all parties engaging with these challenges to take into account our future lifestyles in this context. To this aim, we focused on the prospective approach. It is indeed one of the tools and processes that is most commonly used to support decision-makers on the long-term challenges raised by energy transition and tackling climate change. We found that most foresight studies did not go in depth while addressing the issue of lifestyles, especially the model-based studies. Indeed, the models generally used in these studies are not thought out to allow for proper consideration of this multidimensional issue. To answer for this, we propose a conceptual framework that allows proper understanding of the lifestyle concept and clarifies its role in the energy system. As a core contribution, we developed a modelling approach to simulate lifestyle-change scenarios for France. This formal approach allows us to quantify the demands for housing, mobility, goods and services that arises in these scenarios and defines the structure of energy uses. Three scenarios for lifestyle changes are considered in this manuscript to demonstrate implementations of the proposed approach
Cordahi, Khoury Marlène. "Evaluation technique et économique de différentes solutions pour le confort thermique et la réduction de la consommation énergétique dans le bâtiment au Liban". Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1334.
Pełny tekst źródłaEnergy use intensity in lebanon is comparably high with other contries in the middle east, and its primary supply is almost totally dependent on imported combustibles. Excessive use of energy constitutes an economic burden on both the government and the end consumers. In the field of energy, the government is recently taking an initiative to co-ordinate the various concerned parties' efforts and to establish bodies to enable integrated resources planning. In addition, this form of energy use is a cause of environnemental degradation originating from thermal energy plants and transportation sector mainly, which emit green house gases (ghg), basic causative agents of global warming. Lebanon consumes around 5000 ktoe as a primary energy. 97% of this is imported, mainly as polluting oil products. The remaining 3% of the energy consumption only is renewable energy. In addition, the energy intensity in the country is over 0,62 toe/1000usd, which is 2,2 times higher than in developing countries despite the low consumption per capita and a structure of an economic sector based on light industries. All this is due to a lack of a national politic for a rational use of energy and especially in transport. This project aims to evaluate solutions to minimize the annual consumption of energy and the improvement of comfort in a residential apartment on the lebanese coast. An existing apartment in a current floor will be chosen in a well defined environment. Different kind of passive insulation will be introduced and their impact on the energy consumption will be studied. Additional equipments on the heating system will be also evaluated
Ligier, Simon. "Développement d’une méthodologie pour la garantie de performance énergétique associant la simulation à un protocole de mesure et vérification". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM083/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaDiscrepancies between ex-ante energy performance assessment and actual consumption of buildings hinder the development of construction and renovation projects. Energy performance contracting (EPC) ensures a maximal level of energy consumption and secures investment. Implementation of EPC is limited by technical and methodological problems.This thesis focused on the development of an EPC methodology that allies building energy simulation (BES), and measurement and verification (M&V) process anticipation. The building parameters’ uncertainties and dynamic loads variability are considered using a Monte-Carlo analysis. A model generating synthetic weather data was developed. Statistical studies of simulation results allow a guaranteed consumption limit to be evaluated according to a given risk. Quantile regression methods jointly capture the risk level and the relationship between the guaranteed energy consumption and external adjustment factors. The statistical robustness of these methods was studied as well as the choice of the best adjustment factors to consider. The latter will be measured during building operation. The impact of measurement uncertainties is statistically integrated in the methodology. The influence of M&V process accuracy is also examined. The complete EPC methodology is finally applied on two different projects: the refurbishment of a residential building and the construction of a high energy performance office building
Castano, Giraldo Fabian Andres. "Decomposition-based approaches for the design of energy efficient wireless sensor networks". Thesis, Lorient, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORIS338/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaEnergy is a major concern in wireless sensor networks (WSN). These devices are typically battery operated and provided with a limited amount of energy. As a consequence, the time during which sensors can monitor the interesting phenomena and communicate through wireless signals might be limited because of (sometimes) irreplaceable batteries. Additionally, it is very common for WSN to be usedin remote or hostile environments which possibly makes necessary a random placement strategy (by using an airplane, a drone or a helicopter). Hence, the sensors location is not known a priori and approaches to efficiently use the energy are needed to answer to network topologies only known after sensors deployment. This thesis explores the use of column generation to efficiently use the energy in WSN. It is shown that column generation can be used as a general framework to tackle different problems in WSN design. Several versions of the problem and models for the operation of the WNS are adapted to be solved through column generation. These approaches take advantage of the natural way that column generation offers to consider different features of the WSN operation. Additionally, some computational improvements are proposed to keep the column generation method operating as an efficient exact approach. Hybrid strategies combining column generation with (meta)heuristic and exact approaches are considered and evaluated. The computational experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approaches and provide practitioners on WSN research with strategies to compute upper bounds to evaluate heuristic centralized and decentralized approaches. Finally, some future directions of research are provided based on the performance and adaptability of column generation to consider more sophisticated models and characteristics newly introduced in sensor devices
Sandoval, reyes Mexitli Eva. "Methodology to identify the key variables driving the techno-economic feasibility of Trigeneration – Thermal Storage systems". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0182.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrigeneration systems with thermal storage (CCHP-TS) contribute to the distributed generation of energy and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, it is important to assess their techno-economic feasibility to ensure long-term implementation. Moreover, determining and characterizing the influential variables is essential to identify the most viable application fields. Potentially, this could foster the interest of project managers, investors, and policymakers, therefore encouraging the adoption of this technology. Several authors suggest that energy prices and loads are important variables for the techno-economic feasibility of CCHP-TS systems. Particularly they have explored the Spark Spread rate, a ratio between the cost of electricity from the grid and the CHP fuel. However, just a few studies are assessing the prices and loads together, with some limitations in their model, the technology analyzed, or even the resolution of the loads. As the literature reveals that energy prices and loads size are important variables, this study aims to analyze two hypotheses proposed: 1) There is a combination of energy prices and the size of the annual energy loads that makes techno-economically feasible a CCHP-TS system; 2) The energy prices (electricity and natural gas) should be considered separately instead of consolidating them into the spark spread rate (SS). The analysis is divided into two phases. The first one is an exploratory analysis aiming to demonstrate that the model for CCHP-TS is relevant and sensitive to the variables of analysis (energy prices and loads). The second is a rigorous sensitivity analysis and the comparison of three approaches: Morris, Sobol, and VARS. The results state that energy prices and the annual size of the electric load are the most relevant variables on the feasibility of a CCHP-TS system. The order of relevance between the energy prices relies on the measure used for the economic performance: either absolute (expressed in the amount of savings [in US dollar(s)]) or relative (expressed in the percentage of savings [%]). But in both cases, the price of the fuel is the variable with the largest interaction effects. The methodology of the first phase incorporates tools such as full factorial design of experiments (DoE), DER-CAM simulation and optimization tool, and a novel combination of k-Means clustering and multicriteria decision making (MCDM). For the second phase, it is mainly the use of global sensitivity analysis methods and the adaptation of a CCHP-TS model into the programming language Python, using the optimization library PYOMO and the solver CPLEX. In this second phase, the implementation of the three sensitivity analysis methods allowed identifying their advantages and limitations. Moreover, this complementarity thereby reinforced the techno-economic feasibility analysis
Bensekrane, Ismail. "Towards an energy planning strategy for autonomous driving of an over-actuated road vehicle". Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I037/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, an energy planning for over-actuated unmanned road vehicles (URVs) with redundant steering configuration is proposed. In fact, indicators on the road geometry, the redundancy of actuation, the optimal velocity profile and the driving mode are identified for each segment of the URV's trajectory. Thus, a power consumption estimation model of an over-actuated autonomous driving vehicle is developed. Two methods for power consumption modeling are considered. The first method is based on an analytic model of power consumption, taking into account the degree of steerability, degree of mobility and degree of actuation redundancy. The second method used for power consumption modeling based on data-learning qualitative method namely: Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The latter has been considered in case of the presence of unknown dynamic parameters of the URV and uncertainties about its interaction with the environment. Validation of the estimation of the power consumption has been applied of real autonomous vehicle called RobuCar. Energy planning strategy has been built using two approaches, discrete and continuous. The discrete approach depends on a construction of an energy digraph with all feasible configurations taking into account kinematic and dynamic constraints based on a 3D grid map setup, according to: velocity, arc-length, driving mode. In this weighted directed graph, the edges describe the consumed energy by the UAV along a segment of a trajectory. An optimization algorithm is applied on the digraph to get a global optimal solution combining driving mode, power consumption and velocity profile of the URV. The continuous approach is based on a multi-criteria optimization strategy using genetic algorithms (NSGA-II). Then a real road path is considered and modeled by using two smooth geometrical combinations: the first one is {lines, clothoids and arcs}, and the second one is {lines and Pythagorean Hodograph (PH) curves}. The energy planning strategy is then applied to the generated paths. Also, a directed graph is built to synthesis the optimal velocity profile that minimizes the overall energy consumption while accounting for all driving modes. Results are compared with those given by the dynamic programming method for global offline optimization
Novel, Aymeric. "Développement d’une méthode de méta modélisation des consommations énergétiques des bâtiments en fonction des facteurs d’usages et d’exploitation pour la garantie de résultat énergétique". Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS001/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince building envelope and MEP systems characteristics regularly improve, the weight of non-regulatory energy end-uses increases. These energy end-uses are typically associated with tenants or owners’ activities. In addition, high performance buildings show new issues related to HVAC systems operations. Therefore, it is important to evaluate and improve non-regulatory energy end-uses energy as well as HVAC systems operations efficiencies. We have developed polynomial energy models that can predict energy consumption as a function of building’s activities characteristics and HVAC systems operations factors. We used EnergyPlus software in order to build reliable energy models along with the D-optimum design of experiments method (DOE). Then, we used measurement and verification (M&V) data, associated with probability functions, to determine the associated uncertainty of the calculated energy consumption. Finally, we combine the latter with the polynomial modeling error to calculate the energy consumption global uncertainty, with the goal to identify strategies to reduce it
Mauree, Dasaraden. "Development of a multi-scale meteorological system to improve urban climate modeling". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01037982.
Pełny tekst źródłaAbbes, Dhaker. "Contribution au dimensionnement et à l'optimisation des systèmes hybrides éoliens-photovoltaïques avec batteries pour l'habitat résidentiel autonome". Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2254/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is a contribution to the study of photovoltaic-wind-battery hybrid systems for several aspects: source evaluation, modeling and simulation, design optimization and finally control and supervision. Thus, an impact study on the evaluation of renewable energy potential at a given site taking into account consumption in residential housing (period and method of data acquisition, evaluation techniques...) is presented. In addition, all the components of the system are modeled and economic and ecological aspects are defined in order to make an overall assessment of various system configurations. All models are represented using Matlab/Simulink tool. Then, a methodology for single and multi-objective design optimization of a multi-source system is developed to minimize system Life Cycle Cost (LCC), Embodied Energy (EE) and Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP). A "practice solution" is thus retained and evaluated. Results show a low environmental impact and a reasonable economic cost as well as a satisfaction of the load within the limits tolerated by the user. Besides, a very convincing comparison of the developed sizing method to an existing commercial tool is presented. At the end, an experimental PV-wind-battery tested is developed in laboratory to ensure a quasi-realistic emulation of hybrid system behavior for different configurations. Accordingly, a new supervision strategy based on currents control and battery state of charge estimation is successfully validated