Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Marine habitats

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Marine habitats”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 3 marca 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Marine habitats"

1

Leppi, Jason C., Daniel J. Rinella, Mark S. Wipfli i Matthew S. Whitman. "Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) isotopic niches: Stable isotopes reveal diverse foraging strategies and habitat use in Arctic Alaska". PLOS ONE 17, nr 7 (26.07.2022): e0270474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270474.

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Understanding the ecological niche of some fishes is complicated by their frequent use of a broad range of food resources and habitats across space and time. Little is known about Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) ecological niches in Arctic landscapes even though they are an important subsistence species for Alaska’s Indigenous communities. We investigated the foraging ecology and habitat use of Broad Whitefish via stable isotope analyses of muscle and liver tissue and otoliths from mature fish migrating in the Colville River within Arctic Alaska. The range of δ13C (-31.8– -21.9‰) and δ15N (6.6–13.1‰) across tissue types and among individuals overlapped with isotope values previously observed in Arctic lakes and rivers, estuaries, and nearshore marine habitat. The large range of δ18O (4.5–10.9‰) and δD (-237.6– -158.9‰) suggests fish utilized a broad spectrum of habitats across elevational and latitudinal gradients. Cluster analysis of muscle δ13Cˈ, δ15N, δ18O, and δD indicated that Broad Whitefish occupied four different foraging niches that relied on marine and land-based (i.e., freshwater and terrestrial) food sources to varying degrees. Most individuals had isotopic signatures representative of coastal freshwater habitat (Group 3; 25%) or coastal lagoon and delta habitat (Group 1; 57%), while individuals that mainly utilized inland freshwater (Group 4; 4%) and nearshore marine habitats (Group 2; 14%) represented smaller proportions. Otolith microchemistry confirmed that individuals with more enriched muscle tissue δ13Cˈ, δD, and δ18O tended to use marine habitats, while individuals that mainly used freshwater habitats had values that were less enriched. The isotopic niches identified here represent important foraging habitats utilized by Broad Whitefish. To preserve access to these diverse habitats it will be important to limit barriers along nearshore areas and reduce impacts like roads and climate change on natural flow regimes. Maintaining these diverse connected habitats will facilitate long-term population stability, buffering populations from future environmental and anthropogenic perturbations.
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Mallory, Mark L., Anthony J. Gaston, Jennifer F. Provencher, Sarah N. P. Wong, Christine Anderson, Kyle H. Elliott, H. Grant Gilchrist i in. "Identifying key marine habitat sites for seabirds and sea ducks in the Canadian Arctic". Environmental Reviews 27, nr 2 (czerwiec 2019): 215–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2018-0067.

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The Canadian Arctic hosts millions of marine birds annually, many of which aggregate in large numbers at well-defined sites at predictable times of the year. Marine habitats in this region will be under increasing threats from anthropogenic activities, largely facilitated by climate change and long-term trends of reduced sea ice extent and thickness. In this review, we update previous efforts to delineate the most important habitats for marine birds in Arctic Canada, using the most current population estimates for Canada, as well as recent information from shipboard surveys and telemetry studies. We identify 349 160 km2of key habitat, more than doubling earlier suggestions for key habitat extent. As of 2018, 1% of these habitats fall within the boundaries of legislated protected areas. New marine conservation areas currently being finalized in the Canadian Arctic will only increase the proportion protected to 13%.
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Jackson, Susan E., i Carolyn J. Lundquist. "Limitations of biophysical habitats as biodiversity surrogates in the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park". Pacific Conservation Biology 22, nr 2 (2016): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc15050.

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The Hauraki Gulf Marine Park (HGMP) is recognised for its diverse natural environment and associated biodiversity, as well as the extensive social, cultural and economic values derived therein. Here, we evaluate the current level of biodiversity protection provided by existing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) within the HGMP. We use abiotic datasets to develop a habitat classification system to identify the suite of biophysical habitats found in the Marine Park, and their relative protection within existing MPAs (both no-take marine reserves and Cable Protection Zones). Our analysis demonstrated that half of the biophysical habitats identified in the HGMP are not currently afforded protection within MPAs, and that biophysical classifications poorly differentiate across subtidal, soft-sediment habitats using available data layers. We then evaluated representation of these environmental surrogates within a biodiversity prioritisation analysis based on distribution models for demersal fish species. Biophysical habitat surrogates showed poor representation across habitats within highest-priority areas based on prioritisations of demersal fish biodiversity. This suggests the need for further development of biophysical habitat surrogates that are more strongly correlated with biodiversity, if they are to be used to inform biodiversity protection in the HGMP.
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Abaza, Valeria, Camelia Dumitrache i Adrian Filimon. "The Status of the Sedimentary Benthic Broad Habitats and their Associated Communities in the Romanian Marine Area in 2020". Cercetări Marine - Recherches Marines 51, nr 1 (12.01.2021): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.55268/cm.2021.51.64.

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"The management of marine areas are guided by environmental policies, such as European Union’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), Water Framework Directive (WFD) and Habitats Directive, all requiring periodic assessment and reporting. In 2020, the macrozoobenthos was monitored on the entire Black Sea Romanian shelf at depths ranging between 10 and 100 m. Out of the 43 sampling points of the marine monitoring network, 56 samples were collected in 22 selected stations distributed among broad sedimentary habitat types in Romanian waters in three marine reporting units (variable salinity waters, coastal waters and marine waters). Six types of sedimentary habitats were identified in the above-mentioned marine reporting units according to Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) clearly specifies that assessment must take into consideration benthic broad habitat types, including their associated biological communities. To assess the ecological status according to the MSFD of macrozoobenthos from the Romanian shore, M-AMBI*(n) index was used. Following the assessment, the ecological status of the macrozoobenthic communities was determined as good in all three marine reporting units. The data collected in 2020 will contribute to the six-year assessment of the benthic broad habitats and establishment of thresholds for different sub-types. Key-Words: Black Sea, macrozoobenthos, benthic habitat types, M-AMBI *(n) index, environmental status "
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Murphy, Grace E. P., Melisa C. Wong i Heike K. Lotze. "A human impact metric for coastal ecosystems with application to seagrass beds in Atlantic Canada". FACETS 4, nr 1 (1.06.2019): 210–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2018-0044.

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Coastal biogenic habitats are vulnerable to human impacts from both terrestrial and marine realms. Yet the broad spatial scale used in current approaches of quantifying anthropogenic stressors is not relevant to the finer scales affecting most coastal habitats. We developed a standardized human impact metric that includes five bay-scale and four local-scale (0–1 km) terrestrial and marine-based impacts to quantify the magnitude of anthropogenic impacts to coastal bays and nearshore biogenic habitats. We applied this metric to 180 seagrass beds ( Zostera marina), an important biogenic habitat prioritized for marine protection, in 52 bays across Atlantic Canada. The results show that seagrass beds and coastal bays exist across a wide human impact gradient and provide insight into which are the most and least affected by human threats. Generally, land alteration, nutrient loading, and shellfish aquaculture were higher in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, whereas invasive species and fishing activities were higher along the Atlantic coast. Sixty-four percent of bays were at risk of seagrass decline from nitrogen loading. We also found high within-bay variation in impact intensity, emphasizing the necessity of quantifying impacts at multiple spatial scales. We discuss implications for management and conservation planning, and application to other coastal habitats in Canada and beyond.
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Chasco, Brandon, Brian Burke, Lisa Crozier i Rich Zabel. "Differential impacts of freshwater and marine covariates on wild and hatchery Chinook salmon marine survival". PLOS ONE 16, nr 2 (9.02.2021): e0246659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246659.

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Large-scale atmospheric conditions in the Northeast Pacific Ocean affect both the freshwater environment in the Columbia River Basin and marine conditions along the coasts of Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, resulting in correlated conditions in the two environments. For migrating species, such as salmonids that move through multiple habitats, these correlations can amplify the impact of good or poor physical conditions on growth and survival, as movements among habitats may not alleviate effects of anomalous conditions. Unfortunately, identifying the mechanistic drivers of salmon survival in space and time is hindered by these cross-habitat correlations. To address this issue, we modeled the marine survival of Snake River spring/summer Chinook salmon with multiple indices of the marine environment and an explicit treatment of the effect of arrival timing from freshwater to the ocean, and found that both habitats contribute to marine survival rates. We show how this particular carryover effect of freshwater conditions on marine survival varies by year and rearing type (hatchery or wild), with a larger effect for wild fish. As environmental conditions change, incorporating effects from both freshwater and marine habitats into salmon survival models will become more important, and has the additional benefit of highlighting how management actions that affect arrival timing may improve marine survival.
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Hemery, Lenaïg G., Kailan F. Mackereth i Levy G. Tugade. "What’s in My Toolkit? A Review of Technologies for Assessing Changes in Habitats Caused by Marine Energy Development". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, nr 1 (11.01.2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10010092.

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Marine energy devices are installed in highly dynamic environments and have the potential to affect the benthic and pelagic habitats around them. Regulatory bodies often require baseline characterization and/or post-installation monitoring to determine whether changes in these habitats are being observed. However, a great diversity of technologies is available for surveying and sampling marine habitats, and selecting the most suitable instrument to identify and measure changes in habitats at marine energy sites can become a daunting task. We conducted a thorough review of journal articles, survey reports, and grey literature to extract information about the technologies used, the data collection and processing methods, and the performance and effectiveness of these instruments. We examined documents related to marine energy development, offshore wind farms, oil and gas offshore sites, and other marine industries around the world over the last 20 years. A total of 120 different technologies were identified across six main habitat categories: seafloor, sediment, infauna, epifauna, pelagic, and biofouling. The technologies were organized into 12 broad technology classes: acoustic, corer, dredge, grab, hook and line, net and trawl, plate, remote sensing, scrape samples, trap, visual, and others. Visual was the most common and the most diverse technology class, with applications across all six habitat categories. Technologies and sampling methods that are designed for working efficiently in energetic environments have greater success at marine energy sites. In addition, sampling designs and statistical analyses should be carefully thought through to identify differences in faunal assemblages and spatiotemporal changes in habitats.
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Peirano, Andrea, Mattia Barsanti, Ivana Delbono, Elena Candigliota, Silvia Cocito, Ta’hirih Hokafonu, Francesco Immordino, Lorenzo Moretti i Atelaite Lupe Matoto. "Baseline Assessment of Ecological Quality Index (EQI) of the Marine Coastal Habitats of Tonga Archipelago: Application for Management of Remote Regions in the Pacific". Remote Sensing 15, nr 4 (7.02.2023): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15040909.

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The loss of coral habitats and associated biodiversity have direct effects both on the physical dynamics of the coast and on natural resources, threatening the survival of local populations. Conservative actions, such as the creation of new Marine Protected Areas, are urgent measures needed to face climate change. Managers need fast and simple methods to evaluate marine habitats for planning conservation areas. Here, we present the application of an Ecological Quality Index (EQI), developed for regional-scale habitat maps of the Atlas of the Marine Coastal Habitats of the Kingdom of Tonga, by processing Copernicus Sentinel-2 imagery. Both the habitat mapping classification and the EQI application were focused on the importance of coral reef, seagrass and mangrove habitats, both as natural defense and sustenance for the local populations. Twelve main Pacific reef habitats were evaluated through a three-level EQI score assigned to six parameters: nursery ground, connectivity, species reservoir, fish attraction, biodiversity and primary production. The EQI was integrated into a developed georeferenced database associated to the QGIS software providing the ability to identify on the maps the area of interest and the associated habitats, and to quantify their ecological relevance. The EQI is proposed as a tool that can offer to stakeholders and environmental managers a simple and direct indicator of the value of the marine coastal environment. The index may be handled for management purposes of vast areas with remote and uninhabited islands.
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Farr, Emily R., Michael R. Johnson, Mark W. Nelson, Jonathan A. Hare, Wendy E. Morrison, Matthew D. Lettrich, Bruce Vogt i in. "An assessment of marine, estuarine, and riverine habitat vulnerability to climate change in the Northeast U.S." PLOS ONE 16, nr 12 (9.12.2021): e0260654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260654.

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Climate change is impacting the function and distribution of habitats used by marine, coastal, and diadromous species. These impacts often exacerbate the anthropogenic stressors that habitats face, particularly in the coastal environment. We conducted a climate vulnerability assessment of 52 marine, estuarine, and riverine habitats in the Northeast U.S. to develop an ecosystem-scale understanding of the impact of climate change on these habitats. The trait-based assessment considers the overall vulnerability of a habitat to climate change to be a function of two main components, sensitivity and exposure, and relies on a process of expert elicitation. The climate vulnerability ranks ranged from low to very high, with living habitats identified as the most vulnerable. Over half of the habitats examined in this study are expected to be impacted negatively by climate change, while four habitats are expected to have positive effects. Coastal habitats were also identified as highly vulnerable, in part due to the influence of non-climate anthropogenic stressors. The results of this assessment provide regional managers and scientists with a tool to inform habitat conservation, restoration, and research priorities, fisheries and protected species management, and coastal and ocean planning.
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Dobbs, Kirstin, Leanne Fernandes, Suzanne Slegers, Belinda Jago, Leanne Thompson, James Hall, Jon Day i in. "Incorporating marine turtle habitats into the marine protected area design for the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Queensland, Australia". Pacific Conservation Biology 13, nr 4 (2007): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc070293.

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Marine turtle habitats were considered in the design of the new zoning network for the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park as part of the Representative Areas Programme. One of the specific design guidelines developed was the incorporation of marine turtle inter-nesting and foraging habitats into the overall network of no-take areas. The guideline was refined further for individual nesting and foraging sites to incorporate all very high priority nesting sites and to incorporate 20% of each identified foraging site, respectively. Marine turtle inter-nesting habitat increased in no-take area protection from 781 km2 to 1 886 km2 (23.4% to 56.5% of all identified sites); marine turtle foraging habitat increased in no-take area protection from 3 063 km2 to 12 490 km2 (7.1% to 29.1% of all identified sites). Although the nesting and foraging principles were not achieved in total for all identified marine turtle sites, overall the level of protection afforded by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Zoning Plan 2003 increased for nearly all marine turtle sites identified. Additionally, other activities (e.g. water quality, fisheries, traditional use of marine resources) occurring in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park that may impact upon marine turtles are being addressed via other mechanisms.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Marine habitats"

1

Stevens, Tim, i n/a. "Mapping Benthic Habitats for Representation in Marine Protected Areas". Griffith University. School of Environmental and Applied Science, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040303.124815.

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Virtually all marine conservation planning and management models in place or proposed have in common the need for improved scientific rigour in identifying and characterising the marine habitats encompassed. An emerging central theme in the last few years has been the concept of representativeness, or representative systems of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The habitat classification and mapping needed to incorporate considerations of representativeness into MPA planning must logically be carried out at the same scale at which management occurs. Management of highly protected areas occurs almost exclusively at local scales or finer, independent of the reservation model or philosophy employed. Moreton Bay, on Australia’s east coast, was selected for studies at the local scale to map and classify macrobenthic habitats. In a site scale (1 km) trial for the major habitat classification study, remote underwater videography was used to map and characterise an unusual assemblage of epibenthic invertebrates on soft sediments. The assemblage included congregations of the comatulid crinoid Zygometra cf. Z. microdiscus (Bell) at densities up to 0.88 individuals.m-2, comparable to those found in coral reef habitats. There was no correlation between the distribution of this species and commonly used abiotic surrogates depth (6 – 18 m), sediment composition and residual current. This site scale trial is the first quantitative assessment of crinoid density and distribution in shallow water soft-sediment environments. The high densities found are significant in terms of the generally accepted picture of shallow-water crinoids as essentially reefal fauna. The findings highlight the conservation benefits of an inclusive approach to marine habitat survey and mapping. Assemblages such as the one described, although they may be of scientific and ecological significance, would have been overlooked by common approaches to marine conservation planning which emphasise highly productive or aesthetically appealing habitats. Most habitat mapping studies rely solely or in part on abiotic surrogates for patterns of biodiversity. The utility of abiotic variables in predicting biological distributions at the local scale (10 km) was tested. Habitat classifications of the same set of 41 sites based on 6 abiotic variables and abundances of 89 taxa and bioturbation indicators were compared using correlation, regression and ordination analyses. The concepts of false homogeneity and false heterogeneity were defined to describe types of errors associated with using abiotic surrogates to construct habitat maps. The best prediction by abiotic surrogates explained less than 30% of the pattern of biological similarity. Errors of false homogeneity were between 20 and 62%, depending on the methods of estimation. Predictive capability of abiotic surrogates at the taxon level was poor, with only 6% of taxon / surrogate correlations significant. These results have implications for the widespread use of abiotic surrogates in marine habitat mapping to plan for, or assess, representation in Marine Protected Areas. Abiotic factors did not discriminate sufficiently between different soft bottom communities to be a reliable basis for mapping. Habitat mapping for the design of Marine Protected Areas is critically affected by the scale of the source information. The relationship between biological similarity of macrobenthos and the distance between sites was investigated at both site and local scales, and for separate biotic groups. There was a significant negative correlation between similarity and distance, in that sites further apart were less similar than sites close together. The relationship, although significant, was quite weak at the site scale. Rank correlograms showed that similarity was high at scales of 10 km or less, and declined markedly with increasing distance. There was evidence of patchiness in the distributions of some biotic groups, especially seagrass and anthozoans, at scales less than 16 km. In other biotic groups there was an essentially monotonic decline in similarity with distance. The spatial agglomeration approach to habitat mapping was valid in the study area. Site spacing of less than 10 km was necessary to capture important components of biological similarity. Site spacing of less than 2.5 km did not appear to be warranted. Macrobenthic habitat types were classified and mapped at 78 sites spaced 5 km apart. The area mapped was about 2,400 km2 and extended from estuarine shallow subtidal waters to offshore areas to the 50 m isobath. Nine habitat types were recognised, with only one on hard substrate. The habitat mapping characterised several habitat types not previously described in the area and located deepwater algal and soft coral reefs not previously reported. Seagrass beds were encountered in several locations where their occurrence was either unknown or had not previously been quantified. The representation of the derived habitat types within an existing marine protected area was assessed. Only two habitat types were represented in highly protected zones, with less than 3% of each included The study represents the most spatially comprehensive survey of epibenthos undertaken in Moreton Bay, with over 40,000 m2 surveyed. Derived habitat maps provide a robust basis for inclusion of representative examples of all habitat types in marine protected area planning in and adjacent to Moreton Bay. The utility of video data to conduct a low-cost habitat survey over a comparatively large area was also demonstrated. The method used has potentially wide application for the survey and design of marine protected areas.
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Stevens, Tim. "Mapping Benthic Habitats for Representation in Marine Protected Areas". Thesis, Griffith University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367557.

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Virtually all marine conservation planning and management models in place or proposed have in common the need for improved scientific rigour in identifying and characterising the marine habitats encompassed. An emerging central theme in the last few years has been the concept of representativeness, or representative systems of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The habitat classification and mapping needed to incorporate considerations of representativeness into MPA planning must logically be carried out at the same scale at which management occurs. Management of highly protected areas occurs almost exclusively at local scales or finer, independent of the reservation model or philosophy employed. Moreton Bay, on Australia’s east coast, was selected for studies at the local scale to map and classify macrobenthic habitats. In a site scale (1 km) trial for the major habitat classification study, remote underwater videography was used to map and characterise an unusual assemblage of epibenthic invertebrates on soft sediments. The assemblage included congregations of the comatulid crinoid Zygometra cf. Z. microdiscus (Bell) at densities up to 0.88 individuals.m-2, comparable to those found in coral reef habitats. There was no correlation between the distribution of this species and commonly used abiotic surrogates depth (6 – 18 m), sediment composition and residual current. This site scale trial is the first quantitative assessment of crinoid density and distribution in shallow water soft-sediment environments. The high densities found are significant in terms of the generally accepted picture of shallow-water crinoids as essentially reefal fauna. The findings highlight the conservation benefits of an inclusive approach to marine habitat survey and mapping. Assemblages such as the one described, although they may be of scientific and ecological significance, would have been overlooked by common approaches to marine conservation planning which emphasise highly productive or aesthetically appealing habitats. Most habitat mapping studies rely solely or in part on abiotic surrogates for patterns of biodiversity. The utility of abiotic variables in predicting biological distributions at the local scale (10 km) was tested. Habitat classifications of the same set of 41 sites based on 6 abiotic variables and abundances of 89 taxa and bioturbation indicators were compared using correlation, regression and ordination analyses. The concepts of false homogeneity and false heterogeneity were defined to describe types of errors associated with using abiotic surrogates to construct habitat maps. The best prediction by abiotic surrogates explained less than 30% of the pattern of biological similarity. Errors of false homogeneity were between 20 and 62%, depending on the methods of estimation. Predictive capability of abiotic surrogates at the taxon level was poor, with only 6% of taxon / surrogate correlations significant. These results have implications for the widespread use of abiotic surrogates in marine habitat mapping to plan for, or assess, representation in Marine Protected Areas. Abiotic factors did not discriminate sufficiently between different soft bottom communities to be a reliable basis for mapping. Habitat mapping for the design of Marine Protected Areas is critically affected by the scale of the source information. The relationship between biological similarity of macrobenthos and the distance between sites was investigated at both site and local scales, and for separate biotic groups. There was a significant negative correlation between similarity and distance, in that sites further apart were less similar than sites close together. The relationship, although significant, was quite weak at the site scale. Rank correlograms showed that similarity was high at scales of 10 km or less, and declined markedly with increasing distance. There was evidence of patchiness in the distributions of some biotic groups, especially seagrass and anthozoans, at scales less than 16 km. In other biotic groups there was an essentially monotonic decline in similarity with distance. The spatial agglomeration approach to habitat mapping was valid in the study area. Site spacing of less than 10 km was necessary to capture important components of biological similarity. Site spacing of less than 2.5 km did not appear to be warranted. Macrobenthic habitat types were classified and mapped at 78 sites spaced 5 km apart. The area mapped was about 2,400 km2 and extended from estuarine shallow subtidal waters to offshore areas to the 50 m isobath. Nine habitat types were recognised, with only one on hard substrate. The habitat mapping characterised several habitat types not previously described in the area and located deepwater algal and soft coral reefs not previously reported. Seagrass beds were encountered in several locations where their occurrence was either unknown or had not previously been quantified. The representation of the derived habitat types within an existing marine protected area was assessed. Only two habitat types were represented in highly protected zones, with less than 3% of each included The study represents the most spatially comprehensive survey of epibenthos undertaken in Moreton Bay, with over 40,000 m2 surveyed. Derived habitat maps provide a robust basis for inclusion of representative examples of all habitat types in marine protected area planning in and adjacent to Moreton Bay. The utility of video data to conduct a low-cost habitat survey over a comparatively large area was also demonstrated. The method used has potentially wide application for the survey and design of marine protected areas.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environmental and Applied Science
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3

Burdett, Heidi L. "DMSP dynamics in marine coralline algal habitats". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4108/.

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Dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) is a dimethylated sulphur compound that appears to be produced by most marine algae and is a major component of the marine sulphur cycle. The majority of research to date has focused on the production of DMSP and its major breakdown product, the climatically important gas dimethylsulphide (DMS) (collectively DMS/P), by phytoplankton in the open ocean. A number of functions for intracellular DMSP (DMSPi) in phytoplankton have been identified and the cycling of DMS/P appears to be critical for ecosystem function. However, mechanisms for the production and release of DMS/P in the coastal ocean are poorly understood, despite the region’s economic and ecological importance. Coralline algal habitats (e.g. maerl beds, coral reefs, seagrass meadows, kelp forests) are distributed throughout the coastal oceans worldwide. Their three-dimensional structure supports high biodiversity and provides numerous services, generating considerable economic wealth. DMSPi in coralline algae is known to be high, thus coralline algal habitats may be critical components of the coastal sulphur cycle. This research aimed to improve our understanding of the production of DMS/P by coralline algal habitats by investigating (1) natural spatiotemporal variation and (2) the influence of environmental pressures. This was achieved through a number of laboratory and field-based studies, utilising modern and well-established techniques. The first objective of this research was to better understand the photosynthesis of red coralline algae (Chapter 3), as the algal precursor to DMSPi is methionine, a product of photosynthesis. The photosynthetic characteristics of coralline algae exhibited acclimation to changing light conditions (e.g. over a diurnal cycle or between natural and static lighting conditions). Further, for the species tested, coralline algae are often subjected to light-saturating natural conditions, therefore requiring efficient photo-protective mechanisms, which may include DMSPi regulation. On a global scale, DMSPi in coralline algae may decline with latitude, reinforcing the role of DMSPi as an antioxidant (Chapter 4). At smaller spatial scales, DMS/P production, release and recycling mechanisms were apparent in a number of habitat types (Chapter 4). A strong seasonal trend in DMS/P was also observed at a Scottish maerl bed, driven by water temperature and cloud cover (Chapter 5). Annually averaged DMS and DMSP concentrations were 230% and 700% respectively higher than the open ocean, highlighting the potential importance of the coastal ocean in the marine sulphur cycle (Chapter 5). The influence of environmental pressures (decreased salinity, variable pH and grazing) on DMS/P production by coralline algal habitats was examined (Chapters 6 – 8). In agreement with the phytoplankton literature, a chronic, but not acute, reduction in salinity led to a significant decline in coralline algal DMSPi concentrations and a sinking of the surface epithelial cells but no apparent impact on photosynthesis (Chapter 6). In the naturally variable tropical reef environment, calcifying algae continually regulated DMSPi concentrations in response to the diurnal cycling of carbonate saturation state (Chapter 7), suggesting that DMSPi may be enhanced under low pH regimes to compensate for enhanced oxidant production. Under low pH conditions, cracks were observed between the surface epithelial cells of coralline algae, potentially allowing DMSPi to leak from the cells (Chapter 7). In the field, grazing by urchins appeared to facilitate the release of DMS/P from kelp in coralline algal habitats (Chapter 8). In the laboratory, DMSPi in coralline algae increased in response to chemical cues from grazers rather than direct grazing activity, as had been previously proposed. Prior to this research, little information was available on DMS/P concentrations in coralline algal habitats. The marine sulphur cycle may impact climate regulation and ecosystem function on a global scale. This research provides a comprehensive source of information on the importance of coralline algal habitats in the marine sulphur cycle by examining natural variability and potential changes in response to environmental perturbations. This work will form a baseline for continued research in this field, investigating, for example, the impact of multiple stressors on DMS/P production, release and recycling in coastal marine habitats.
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4

DA, ROS ZAIRA. "Recovery and restoration of marine endangered habitats". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/274535.

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La biodiversità marina regola il funzionamento ecosistemico, responsabile della produzione di beni e servizi importanti per la biosfera ed il benessere umano. I cambiamenti climatici globali e le attività umane stanno alterando la biodiversità degli oceani ed il funzionamento ecosistemico. Al momento, partendo dalla consapevolezza che le sole misure di conservazione non sono sufficienti a invertire la degradazione degli ecosistemi, è riconosciuto che il restauro ambientale è una azione di cruciale importanza per far fronte a questa minaccia. Tuttavia, è necessaria una maggiore conoscenza scientifica per rendere efficaci azioni di restauro, specialmente negli ambienti profondi che sono largamente sconosciuti. Tra le maggiori attività che avranno impatti sugli habitat marini vi sono lo sfruttamento di risorse minerarie e la pesca a strascico, le quali, risospendendo particelle polimetalliche e sedimenti, avranno effetti principalmente sulle specie bentoniche. In questa tesi, il Corallium rubrum, specie strutturante di elevata valenza ecologica, è stato esposto a questi due tipi di particolato. Dopo la rimozione della fonte di impatto, questo organismo è in grado di recuperare parzialmente tassi di alimentazione e la sua integrità tissutale. Questo esperimento fornisce utili informazioni non solo per meglio comprendere gli effetti di tali attività su organismi bentonici, ma anche per definire possibili misure di mitigazione attraverso una modulazione appropriata della loro intensità e durata. Allevare in acquario specie di corallo minacciate potrà essere utile per futuri progetti di restauro che prevedono il trapianto di colonie donatrici. Una dieta appropriata da somministrare durante l’allevamento può avere effetti benefici sulla loro crescita ed il loro successo riproduttivo. In questa tesi, è stata studiata la selezione di cibo da parte di alcuni coralli profondi (Desmophyllum pertusum, Madrepora oculata and Dendrophyllia cornigera), i quali hanno mostrato una preferenza per il crostaceo Mysis relicta. I risultati ottenuti dalle analisi condotte sugli isotopi stabili hanno inoltre fornito nuove informazioni sulle nicchie trofiche occupate nel Mar Mediterraneo da queste specie. Una volta ampliate le conoscenze sugli habitat e le specie da restaurare, è necessario valutare l’efficacia delle procedure di rispristino che si vogliono applicare. In questa tesi, sono stati studiati gli effetti di due esperimenti pilota di trapianto della fanerogama Cymodocea nodosa e della gorgonia Eunicella singularis su attributi di funzionamento ecosistemico. I risultati ottenuti indicano che il trapianto di tali organismi, se opportunamente pianificato, non solo garantisce la loro sopravvivenza, ma può anche avere effetti positivi su processi ecosistemici chiave. Tuttavia, sono necessari ulteriori studi per valutare la possibile estensione di queste azioni per affrontare l'attuale scala spaziale di perdita di specie/habitat. Questo lavoro fornisce nuovi elementi per la comprensione dei potenziali benefici ecologici derivanti dal restauro ambientale e delle sue ricadute per la conservazione del capitale naturale.
Marine biodiversity regulates ecosystem functions, which are responsible for the production of goods and services for the biosphere and human well-being. Global changes and human activities are altering ocean biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. At present, stemming from the awareness that conservation and management are often not enough to halt and revert the degradation of threatened ecosystems, it has been recognized that active restoration is crucial to cope with this issue. More knowledge is needed to make restoration actions effective, especially for the largely unknown deep ocean. Two of the main activities that will alter marine habitats are ore exploitation and bottom trawling that, resuspending polymetallic and sediment particles, will affect benthic species. In this thesis, the habitat-forming species Corallium rubrum was exposed to these types of particles. After the removal of the disturbance, its feeding rates and tissue integrity partially recovered. This experiment provides new insights on the consequences of these activities as well as on potential mitigation strategies by properly modulating their intensity and duration. Rearing endangered corals in aquaria can be useful for future projects that aim to restore degraded reefs by transplanting healthy colonies. An appropriate diet may positively impinge on their growth or reproduction success. In this perspective, I studied the food selection of cold-water corals (Desmophyllum pertusum, Madrepora oculata and Dendrophyllia cornigera) was studied and these species showed a preference for the crustacean Mysis relicta. Stable isotope analyses provided also novel information on the trophic niches occupied by these coral species in the Mediterranean Sea. After expanding the knowledge on the habitat or the species to be restored, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the restoration actions that it might be applied. In this thesis, the effects of two pilot transplantation experiments of the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa and the gorgonian Eunicella singularis on ecosystem functioning of surrounding sediments have been studied. The results showed that transplantation can be effective and that it can have also positive effects on key-ecological processes. However, further studies are needed to assess the potential of scaling-up these actions addressing the present scale of species/habitat loss. This work provides new elements for a better understanding of the potential ecological benefits that can contribute to the conservation of the natural capital.
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Patranella, Allison. "Artificial Reefs as Juvenile Fish Habitats in Marinas". NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/423.

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Coastal infrastructure has replaced many vital fish nursery habitats with structures designed without fully mitigating for the loss of the natural ecosystems. This thesis details research focused on the use of small, inexpensive, artificial reef modules as replacement juvenile fish habitat within marinas. My research hypothesis was that the placement of small, structurally complex artificial reef modules would increase fish abundance and species richness relative to unmodified marina seawalls. Non-destructive visual surveys of fishes were completed monthly for 14 months for 12 artificial reef sites and 12 control (unmodified) sites within the Nova Southeastern University Guy Harvey Oceanographic Center (NSU-GHOC) marina. Divers recorded species, abundance, and size class (0-2 cm, >2-5 cm, >5-10 cm, >10-20 cm, >20-30 cm, >30-50 cm, >50 cm) for all sites. Data was statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Student Newman-Keuls (SNK) tests to explore differences in mean abundance, mean species richness, and mean abundance and species richness by size class and month. Total mean fish abundance and mean species richness (all months and sizes combined) were both significantly higher at artificial reef sites than at control sites. Artificial reef sites were consistently higher in total abundance and species richness when analyzed by month. Analysis of mean abundance by size class found the >2-5 cm, >5-10 cm, >10-20 cm and >20-30 cm classes were significantly higher for artificial reef sites. Species richness analysis by size class found classes >2-5 cm, >5-10 cm, >10-20 cm, and >20-30 cm were significantly higher at artificial reef sites. Fishes from the grunt (Haemulidae) and snapper (Lutjanidae) families contributed the most to the total abundance for both types of sites. These results support my hypothesis and have important implications for mitigating ecological impact to coastal fish nursery areas with the use of artificial structure.
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Browne, Mark Anthony. "Environmental and biological consequences of microplastic within marine habitats". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1299.

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Large pieces of plastic greater than a millimetre in diameter contaminate marine habitats worldwide and the associated environmental problems are well documented. In addition tiny fragments of plastic debris less than a millimetre in size have recently been reported. This thesis examines the distribution and environmental consequences of microscopic particles of plastic within marine habitats. To quantify the relative influence of wind and depositional environment on the accumulation of plastic debris, a mensurative experiment was conducted in a macrotidal Estuary. The overall trend was that material accumulated in down-wind sites. However, the relative importance of wind as a transport agent depended on the size and density of the plastic. Natural sediments are transported according to their size; but the extent to which models of sediment dynamics could be applied to the transport of plastic debris remains untested. I examined relationships between the abundance of microplastic debris and sediment particle size, latitude and human population density using samples from sandy shores worldwide. Microplastic was found at every location, showing the global extent of this contamination and there was a significant positive correlation between human population density and microplastic abundance. Sewage sludge disposal grounds were examined as potential sources of microplastic. Replicate sediment grab samples showed that disposal grounds near Plymouth and Newcastle (UK) had greater abundance of microplastic debris compared to reference sites. To investigate the biological consequences of ingesting clean microplastic particles the mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.) was used as a model organism. The fate of ingested plastic was tracked within the body tissues using a laboratory trial. Mussels were exposed to 3.0 and 9.61µm microplastic particles in seawater for 3 hours and then transferred to clean conditions. After 3 days ingested microplastic had accumulated in the circulatory fluid of M edulis. Smaller particles 3.0 µm were present in the haemolymph in consistently higher numbers than larger particles, and both sizes were still present after 48 days. There were no measurable changes in organismal health from ingestion of this material. However, it has been frequently suggested that plastics debris may transfer chemical contaminants to marine life. To test this, the sorption-affinity of candidate environmental hydrophobic contaminants from aqueous solution onto microscopic particles of polyvinylchloride and similar sized particles of sand was compared. Chemical analysis confirmed that polyvinylchloride absorbed more contaminants than sand. A second experiment examined the bioavailability of sorbed contaminants and chemical additives that are incorporated into plastic during manufacture. Laboratory trials using Arenicola marina (L.) showed that the sorbed contaminants and additives bioconcentrated in gut tissues leading to deleterious biological effects. In conclusion, microplastic debris is a ubiquitous form of contamination and when ingested, this material can translocate from the gut to the circulatory system and haemocytes, and can transfer chemicals into animal tissues, and reduce the health of animals near the base of the food chain. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to potential measures to improve the management of plastics in society and to reduce the amount of plastic entering the environment.
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Rateb, Mostafa Ezzat M. "Bioactive secondary metabolites from marine and under explored habitats". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=167782.

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This thesis presents results obtained from the investigation of secondary metabolites through screening of marine organisms, marine-derived microbes, and microbes form under-explored habitats. The first part includes the isolation of eight cytotoxic diterpene derivatives of which four were new from the organic extract of the sponge Spongionella sp. obtained from the U.S. National Cancer Institute’s Open Repository Program, the isolation of three new antibacterial dibenzofuran derivatives and a known butyrolactone from ascomycete Super1F1-09 isolated from the Indo-Pacific sponge Acanthella cavernosa. An attempt to synthesize these compounds was conducted. This part also includes the isolation of five known pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, from the Fijian sponge Zyzzya sp., which showed potent antiprotozoal activity. The second part comprises the use of OSMAC approach for the isolation of four new ansamycin-type polyketides, three new macrolactones and one known siderophore from Streptomyces strain C34 isolated from Atacama Desert, Chile. These compounds showed good antibacterial activity with one of the ansamycins showed pronounced antibacterial activity against a panel of clinical isolates of methicillin-sensitive as well as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). This part also contains the use of microbial co-culture for the induction of secondary metabolites. It comprises the isolation of ten antiprotozoal fungal metabolites, of which one was new, from Aspergillus fumigatus when co-cultured with the novel strain Streptomyces C2 isolated from Atacama Desert. In conclusion, natural products from diverse sources proved to be the major resource of drug discovery. This thesis describes the isolation and structural characterisation of 35 compounds, 15 of which were new. Extremophiles proved to be a good source for new secondary metabolites.
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Gormley, Kate Sarah Geddes. "Mapping priority marine habitats : knowledge of their ecosystem to underpin the marine planning process". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2884.

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Marine planners need to know about ecosystems, such as Priority Marine Habitats (PMHs) in order to manage and conserve them effectively. The overarching theme of this thesis is to contribute to this knowledge through the development of “marine planning tools”. The primary focus is on the PMH, Modiolus modiolus beds, although other PMHs and Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were also considered. Four key studies were designed and conducted, i) Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) of M. modiolus in UK waters; ii) SDM of PMHs in Europe; iii) assessment of MPA management effort; and iv) the genetic connectivity of M. modiolus beds Overall, the research provided information and knowledge to contribute to implementation of a truly ecosystem-based approach to management and effective PMH management. It is now known: i) where Modiolus modiolus beds occur; ii) where they have the potential to occur, now and in the future; iii) that there is the potential for them to be lost/ hindered or lack-viability if ocean temperatures increase; iv) that they may become more important to conservation at northern latitudes in the future; v) that European nations will have to work towards integrated marine conservation policies and protection when considering all PMHs; vi) that some MPAs may require more effort to manage than others and that it may be possible to predict which ones they will be; vii) that cumulative human impacts may not be the driving force for management effort; and viii) that some M. modiolus beds in the UK are potentially connected. The data and discussion points generated within this thesis will enable effective PMH management through the selection of appropriate management strategies.
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Goodsell, Paris Justine. "Consequences of disturbance for subtidal floral and faunal diversity /". Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg6555.pdf.

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Davidson, Timothy Mathias. "Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans". PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/383.

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Marine bioeroders, borers, and burrowers can have drastic effects to marine habitats and facilities. By physically altering the structure of marine habitats, these organisms may elicit ecosystem-level effects that cascade through the community. While borer damage is typically restricted to a few substratum types, burrowing isopods in the genus Sphaeroma attack a diversity of substrata in tropical and temperate systems. My dissertation examined how boring sphaeromatid isopods affect coastal habitats (saltmarshes, mangroves) and other estuarine substrata as well as marine structures. I used a combination of lab and mensurative field experiments to quantify the effects of boring by isopods and examine how select factors affect the colonization, hence burrowing damage by isopods. I explored these questions primarily using the temperate boring sphaeromatid, Sphaeroma quoianum, as a model organism. My initial lab experiments quantified the per capita erosion rates of S. quoianum in four commonly attacked estuarine substrata. I found marsh banks and Styrofoam substrata were the most affected per capita. I supplemented this lab experiment with a year-long mensurative field experiment examining how erosion rates differ between marshes infested and uninfested by boring isopods. Marshes infested with isopods eroded 300% faster than uninfested marshes. I further examined the boring effects on Styrofoam floats. I compiled surveys and observations and conducted a short experiment to describe how isopods affect Styrofoam floats used in floating docks. I observed dense colonies of isopods attacking floats and expelling millions of plastic particles in the ocean. The boring effects to simulated Styrofoam floats were also affected by seawater temperature. Burrowing effects in Styrofoam floats exhibited a curvilinear relationship with temperature and peaked around 18°C. These results suggest a 1-2°C increase in water temperature could increase boring effects 5-17% of populations of isopods in Oregon and California bays. To examine the small-scale factors that mediate colonization and boring, I conducted a series of binary choice experiments. I found the presence of conspecifics, biofilm, and shade were important factors influencing colonization. These small scale factors likely explain why isopod attack is focused in some substrata. Finally, to examine the boring effects of tropical isopods in mangroves, I examined the associations between burrowing by S. terebrans and mangrove performance and fecundity. I found negative relationships between boring effects and performance and fecundity in two mangrove species in a restored mangrove stand in Taiwan. Together, these studies elucidate the effects of bioerosive isopods on saltmarshes, mangroves, and marine structures. However, the similar mechanisms involved in bioerosion in other boring species suggest that these results can be used to infer similar effects of other borers. In addition, since many species of sphaeromatid isopods have been introduced, this research shows how the effects of a non-native bioeroder can damage marine facilities and degrade and alter marine habitats. Through biological erosion and thus changing the physical structure of a marine habitat these non-native species can have ecosystem-level effects that cascade throughout the local community.
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Książki na temat "Marine habitats"

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Administration, United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric. Restoring coastal & marine habitats. Silver Spring, Md. (1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring 20910): U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2001.

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Administration, United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric. Restoring coastal & marine habitats. Silver Spring, Md. (1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring 20910): U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2001.

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Administration, United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric. Restoring coastal & marine habitats. Silver Spring, Md. (1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring 20910): U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2001.

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Administration, United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric. Restoring coastal & marine habitats. Silver Spring, Md. (1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring 20910): U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2001.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Restoring coastal & marine habitats. Silver Spring, Md. (1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring 20910): U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2001.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Restoring coastal & marine habitats. Silver Spring, Md. (1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring 20910): U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2001.

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United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Restoring coastal & marine habitats. Silver Spring, Md. (1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring 20910): U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA Restoration Center, NOAA Fisheries, 2001.

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Paul, Bennett. Ocean habitats. Tunbridge Wells: Ticktock, 2009.

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Marine habitats: Life in saltwater. New York: F. Watts, 2004.

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Edgar, Graham J. Australian marine habitats in temperate waters. Sydney: Reed New Holland, 2001.

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Części książek na temat "Marine habitats"

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Esteban, Genoveva F., i Tom M. Fenchel. "Marine Habitats". W Ecology of Protozoa, 107–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59979-9_9.

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Reist, James D. "Habitats". W Marine Fishes of Arctic Canada, redaktorzy Brian W. Coad i James D. Reist, 41–52. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442667297-008.

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Zehr, Jonathan P., i Douglas G. Capone. "Microorganisms and Habitats". W Marine Nitrogen Fixation, 43–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67746-6_4.

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Fenchel, Tom. "Protozoan Communities: Marine Habitats". W Ecology of Protozoa, 102–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06817-5_8.

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Fenchel, Tom. "Protozoan Communities: Marine Habitats". W Ecology of Protozoa, 102–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-25981-8_8.

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Coen, Loren D., i Austin T. Humphries. "Oyster-Generated Marine Habitats". W Routledge Handbook of Ecological and Environmental Restoration, 274–94. London; New York: Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315685977-19.

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Sonak, Sangeeta M. "Shell Habitats of Goa". W Marine Shells of Goa, 25–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55099-2_2.

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Clarke, Andrew. "Benthic marine habitats in Antarctica". W Foundations for Ecological Research West of the Antarctic Peninsula, 123–33. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ar070p0123.

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Browne, Mark A. "Sources and Pathways of Microplastics to Habitats". W Marine Anthropogenic Litter, 229–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16510-3_9.

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Hoyt, Erich. "Conserving Marine Mammal Spaces and Habitats". W Ethology and Behavioral Ecology of Marine Mammals, 31–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98100-6_2.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Marine habitats"

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Naughton, Perry, Clinton Edwards, Vid Petrovic, Ryan Kastner, Falko Kuester i Stuart Sandin. "Scaling the Annotation of Subtidal Marine Habitats". W the 10th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2831296.2831342.

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Bryson, Mitch, Matthew Johnson-Roberson, Oscar Pizarro i Stefan Williams. "Automated registration for multi-year robotic surveys of marine benthic habitats". W 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2013.6696832.

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Plisko, M. "269. Preparation of Decommissioned Ships for Use as Artificial Marine Habitats". W AIHce 2003. AIHA, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2758041.

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Hendricks, Benjamin, Eric M. Keen, Janie L. Wray, Hussein M. Alidina, Lauren McWhinnie, Hermann Meuter, Chris R. Picard i T. Aaron Gulliver. "Automated Monitoring and Analysis of Marine Mammal Vocalizations in Coastal Habitats". W 2018 OCEANS - MTS/IEEE Kobe Techno-Ocean (OTO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanskobe.2018.8559432.

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Zaharia, Tania, Rodica Sirbu, S. Nicolaev i D. Micu. "The Inventory of the Marine Habitats on the Romanian Littoral with Significance in Marine Conservation and Exploitation". W Oceans 2007. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2007.4449134.

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Keen, Eric, Benjamin Hendricks, Janie Wray, Hussein Alidina i Chris Picard. "Integrating passive acoustic and visual surveys for marine mammals in coastal habitats". W 176th Meeting of Acoustical Society of America 2018 Acoustics Week in Canada. Acoustical Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000940.

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Langhamer, Olivia, Dan Wilhelmsson i Jens Engstro¨m. "Development of Invertebrate Assemblages and Fish on Offshore Wave Power". W ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79239.

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A significant development of offshore wave power is planned in the future, and its impact on the marine environment is unclear. Solid structures placed on the seabed create new habitats and function as artificial reefs for marine organisms. In this study we investigated the artificial reef effect and fouling impacts on offshore wave power devices deployed at the Swedish west coast. Here, buoys acting as point absorbers on the surface are connected to generators anchored on concrete foundations on the seabed. We studied the influence of surface orientation of the wave power foundations on epibiotic colonisation, and made in situ observations of micro-habitat use by fish and crustaceans over four years of submergence. We also examined fouling assemblages on buoys and calculated the effects of biofouling on the energy absorption of the wave power buoys.
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Paterson, Audrey, Brooke L. Long, Broc S. Kokesh, Laurie C. Anderson i Annette Summers Engel. "ANCHIALINE LAKES SERVE AS NOVEL HABITATS FOR RELICT TAXA, INCLUDING CHEMOSYMBIOTIC MARINE BIVALVES". W GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-323431.

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Jordan, Alan, Peter Davies, Tim Ingleton, Edwina Mesley, Joe Neilson i Tim Pritchard. "Developments in mapping of seabed habitats for Marine Protected Area planning and monitoring". W OCEANS 2010 IEEE - Sydney. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanssyd.2010.5603890.

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Costa, Daniel P., Daniel P. Costa, Daniel P. Costa, Daniel P. Costa i Daniel P. Costa. "TOPP as a Marine Life Observatory: Using Electronic Tags to Monitor the Movements, Behaviour and Habitats of Marine Vertebrates". W OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society. European Space Agency, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5270/oceanobs09.cwp.19.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Marine habitats"

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Read, Andrew, Patrick Halpin, Benjamin Best, Ei Fujioka, Caroline Good, Lucie Hazen, Erin LaBrecque, Song Qian i Robert Schick. Predictive Spatial Analysis of Marine Mammal Habitats. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, styczeń 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada520623.

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Crocker, Daniel E., Daniel P. Costa i Burney J. LeBoeuf. Assessment Tool Development for Marine Mammal Critical Habitats. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luty 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402829.

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Davidson, Timothy. Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.383.

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Ierodiaconou, D., S. Murfitt, B. Allan, A. Bellgrove, A. Rattray, D. Kennedy, S. Howe, A. Schimel i M. Young. Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles for mapping coastal processes and intertidal marine habitats. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305860.

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Eisemann, Eve, Catherine Thomas, Matthew Balazik, Damarys Acevedo-Mackey i Safra Altman. Environmental factors affecting coastal and estuarine submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), październik 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42185.

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Streszczenie:
Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) growing in estuarine and coastal marine systems provides crucial ecosystem functions ranging from sediment stabilization to habitat and food for specific species. SAV systems, however, are sensitive to a number of environmental factors, both anthropogenic and natural. The most common limiting factors are light limitation, water quality, and salinity, as reported widely across the literature. These factors are controlled by a number of complex processes, however, varying greatly between systems and SAV populations. This report seeks to conduct an exhaustive examination of factors influencing estuarine and coastal marine SAV habitats and find the common threads that tie these ecosystems together. Studies relating SAV habitats in the United States to a variety of factors are reviewed here, including geomorphological and bathymetric characteristics, sediment dynamics, sedimentological characteristics, and water quality, as well as hydrologic regime and weather. Tools and methods used to assess each of these important factors are also reviewed. A better understanding of fundamental environmental factors that control SAV growth will provide crucial information for coastal restoration and engineering project planning in areas populated by SAVs.
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Harris, P. T., i M. Macmillan-Lawler. Arctic Ocean seafloor geomorphic features and benthic habitats - relevance for conservation and marine spatial planning. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305855.

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Osuka, Kennedy, Melita Samoilys, James Mbugua, Jan de Leeuw i David Obura. Marine habitats of the Lamu-Kiunga coast: an assessment of biodiversity value, threats and opportunities. World Agroforestry Centre, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp16167.pdf.

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Kostylev, V. E., L M Broom, A. G. Robertson, T. E. Carson i S E Hayward. CCGS Amundsen 2020804 expedition: seabed habitats and marine geohazards in Northeast Newfoundland Slope, Labrador Sea. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/327425.

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Endris, C., K. Picard, K. G. Greene i J. V. Barrie. Potential marine benthic habitats and shaded seafloor relief, southern Gulf Islands and San Juan Archipelago, Canada and U.S.A. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/286230.

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Hemery, Lenaig. 2020 State of the Science Report, Chapter 6: Changes in Benthic and Pelagic Habitats Caused by Marine Renewable Energy Devices. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1633182.

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