Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Marché des quotas”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 19 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Marché des quotas”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Tran, Ha Thu. "Three essays on the composition of boards of directors and their contribution to effective corporate governance". Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0044/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaHis thesis aims to provide some answers to the question of what makes a board effective in carrying out its monitoring and advising functions. In Chapter 1, we examine whether board structures that include directors that are related to minority shareholders can be an effective corporate governance mechanism to limit expropriation by controlling shareholders, without exacerbating risk. We focus our empirical analysis of this chapter on banks with a concentrated ownership structure. We find that the inclusion of such minority directors does indeed increase the effectiveness of bank boards, as it results in higher market valuations, without increasing risk. Chapter 2 complements the first chapter to determine the factors, at the bank and at the country level, that could favor the presence of minority directors on bank boards. We find that: (i) the voting rights of controlling shareholders, the quality of recommendations for boards of directors in Corporate Governance Codes and higher shareholder protection are factors that promote the presence of minority directors on bank boards; (ii) the degree of opacity and stronger supervisory regimes reduce the presence of minority directors on bank boards. Our work suggests that bank authorities should recommend banks with concentrated ownership structure to include a minimum of minority directors in their board. In Chapter 3, we investigate the impact of gender quotas on firm performance and corporate decisions using Belgium, France and Italy as a natural experiment. Our statistical analysis shows that the percentage of female directors significantly increases, and board members characteristics significantly change after the implementation of the gender quota. The results of our empirical analysis show evidence that gender quotas do not have a significant impact on both firm outcomes and corporate decisions. Our findings support the decision of policy-makers to use mandatory rules to force firm to achieve gender balance on corporate boards. Our results suggest that policy-makers create unrealistic expectations for women to boost firm performance, at least in the short-run when negative side effects of mandatory rules are potentially strongest
Gouin, Daniel-Mercier. "Marché des quotas et changements structurels dans le secteur laitier : analyse du cas du Québec et perspectives en France". Grenoble 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987GRE21047.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince the early seventies, canadian dairy policy has been built around strict production quotas. This policy has been accompanied by a thorough restructuring and a steady process of concentration in the dairy production sector. The neo-marginalist approach, which has predominated in the north american literature on this topic, explains the process of concentration resulting from the quota market by differences in marginal production costs at an individual level. In the present study, the results of our economic calculations show that the analysis of unit costs cannot provide an explanation of the economic rationality of dairy producers on the quota market in quebec. On the other hand, all the indicators do tend to show that farm-size and income (as well as technical output and the level of technology, which are closely linked to these) are far more relevant in explaining the growth of dairy farms, their reproduction potential and the resulting structural trends in this sector. Even when there is no official quota market for producers, as in the french set-up, structural changes in the dairy sector have much in common with what we have observed in quebec, at least concerning the supply of quotas. Indeed, in france it has been through a system of exchangeable quotas, which were bought up by the state, that the process of concentration-elimination of production has been reengaged. Small-scale farms are disappearing rapidly both in france and in quebec; they cannot sustain their own reproduction, which explains why the sale of quotas, in the farm of withdrawal bonuses in france or on the quota market in quebec, has been so succesfull. It has been over the question of demand for quotas that the mode of quota management has differed most between france and quebec : the french authorities have covered the cost of the restructuring, and not the quota buyers on the market. Nonetheless the most solvent demand for quotas has come essentially from large-scale farms which could, in the future, replace the public authorities, and carry out the restructuring of the french dairy sector in their own interests, as they have done in quebec by the quota market
Rotoullié, Jean-Charles. "L'utilisation de la technique de marché en droit de l'environnement. L'exemple du système européen d'échange des quotas d'émission de gaz à effet de serre". Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020053.
Pełny tekst źródłaBy taking the example of the European Union emission trading system, the objective of the present study is to understand the conditions of effectiveness of a specific tool: the market-based instrument. Market-based instrument is defined as a tool of policing aiming at the achievement of a public policy objective (pre-established by public authorities) with the creation of a market, i.e. the organisation of exchanges of “units” between economic operators. This tool is widely used in environmental law. The ex nihilo creation of a market in order to protect the environment must not mislead: the market-based instrument does not lead to a shift from public action to freedom. To the contrary, the effectiveness of the market-based instrument depends on a strong public action. A permanent (i.e. both during the preparation and the implementation of this tool) and multifaceted (i.e. at international, regional and national levels) public intervention is therefore required. The “invisible hand” of the market could only be effective with the “visible hand” of public authorities
Skalli, Housseini Yasmine. "Trois essais sur la composition des conseils d'administration". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED027/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation presents three distinct chapters covering topics related to the functioning and the role of corporate boards. The first chapter studies the effect of the recognition of directors’ expertise on growth opportunities through directors’ receipt of prestigious awards. The results show that the presence of award-winners on boards leads to better investment opportunities. The second chapter analyzes the impact of a board gender quota in France on market valuation. Before the quota, investors respond positively to female director nominations, especially on male-dominated boards. The announcement of the enactment of the law on January 27, 2011, was viewed as positive news in the stock market, which leads to the anticipation of post-quota female appointments. The third chapter focuses on the impact of the quota on the labor market for corporate directors. The evidence suggests that, by changing the director search technology used by firms, the French quota has improved the stability of director-firm matches
Gavard, Claire. "Analyse Economique des Mécanismes Possibles de Couplage du Marché Carbone Européen avec les Pays Emergents". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057084.
Pełny tekst źródłaChevallier, Julien. "Les règles de fonctionnement du marché européen du carbone (2005-2007) : le rôle du stockage et de l'emprunt de quotas, les fondamentaux du prix et les stratégies de gestion des risques". Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344336.
Pełny tekst źródłaUn premier Chapitre détaille les effets économiques et environnementaux attendus des mécanismes de stockage et d'emprunt de quotas sur un marché de permis d'émissions négociables. Plus spécifiquement, vis-à-vis des provisions adoptées dans l'EU ETS, nous étudions les effets de la restriction du transfert de quotas stockés ou empruntés entre les Phases I et II sur les changements de prix du CO2. Nous montrons statistiquement que les bas niveaux de prix du CO2 enregistrés jusqu'à la fin de la Phase I sont expliqués par la restriction du transfert de quotas inter-périodes, au-delà des principales explications proposées par les observateurs de marché.
Un deuxième Chapitre développe une étude originale des fondamentaux du prix du carbone, introduit depuis le 1er Janvier 2005 en Europe. Nous soulignons le role central joué par l'évènement annuel de conformité 2005 imposé par la Commission Européenne, qui sert de révélateur des positions nettes courtes/longues des installations en quotas par rapport à leurs émissions vérifiées. Le résultat principal de cette étude met en évidence le fait que les fondamentaux du prix du CO2 liés aux marchés des énergies et aux évènements climatiques non-anticipés varient en fonction des évènements institutionnels. Par ailleurs, nous montrons l'influence de la variation de la production industrielle dans trois secteurs couverts par l'EU ETS sur les changements de prix du CO2 en menant une analyse par décomposition, étendue par pays.
Un troisième Chapitre s'intéresse aux stratégies de gestion des risques liés à la détention de quotas de CO2. Nous proposons une méthode utilisée sur les marchés d'action pour recouvrer les changements dans l'aversion au risque moyenne des investisseurs. Cette étude indique que, sur la période considérée, l'aversion au risque est plus élevée sur le marché du carbone que sur les marchés d'action, et que le risque est lié à une structure de prix strictements croissants après l'évènement de conformité 2006. En lien avec le Chapitre 1, nous évaluons enfin comment le stockage de quotas peut être utilisé comme un outil de gestion des risques, pour faire face à l'incertitude politique sur un marché de quotas. Nous détaillons une règle optimale de partage des risques, et discutons du principe de mutualisation du risque lié à l'échange de quotas quotas entre agents.
Nos travaux témoignent des difficultés rencontrées suite à la création du marché européen du carbone pour atteindre un signal prix cohérent avec des réductions d'émissions effectives par les industriels. Cependant, dans un contexte institutionnel mouvant, ces inefficiences ne semblent pas avoir été reportées vers la période 2008-2012.
Hernandez, Perez Sara. "Que faut-il choisir entre une gestion centralisée et un système d’autogestion base sur des mécanismes de marché pour réduire le trafic illégal des espèces faunistiques sauvages : analyse comparative économique et institutionnelle appliquée aux tortues marines en Colombie". Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100206/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFor over 30 years, Colombia built its national policy to protect wildlife species against the illegal traffic. The national institutional framework was strengthened by the ratification of the CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of flora and fauna threatened with extinction) in 1981. However, this institutional framework is not sufficient to curb the illegal trade of marine turtles species. Despite some success to protect and recover some species, what really matters is the effectiveness of the national policy to conserve wildlife species. Hence my proposal to design and implement a cap and trade system based on transferable quotas decreasing in time, reinforced by contractual arrangements. This self-organized system aims at having zero catches level and enhance conformity and cooperation within the environmental regulation. This thesis aims to compare the efficacy of these two modes of governance to reduce the illegal trade of sea turtles based on the following criteria: the environmental performance, economic efficiency and social equity. I pursuit by estimating the corresponding transaction costs to show that the variation in the structure of transaction costs and the distribution of these costs among stakeholders affect the final performance of the institutional framework. Cost-benefit analysis was performed to justify institutional change, in addition to the analysis of transaction costs. This study is located in the north of Colombia, an area of 30 km, indigenous Wayuu territory, being more concerned with the illegal green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Gouin, Daniel-Mercier. "Marché des quotas et changements structurels dans le secteur laitier analyse du cas du Québec et perspectives en France /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605532k.
Pełny tekst źródłaOuro-Bodi, Ouro-Gnaou. "Les Etats et la protection internationale de l'environnement : la question du changement climatique". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0228/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaClimate change has become the scourge environmental concern and mobilizes more theinternational community. The outcome of this mobilization remains probably the implementation ofinternational climate change regime for which the Climate Convention and the Kyoto Protocol are the legalbases. This system is innovative in that it sets quantified emission reduction commitments for greenhouse gasemissions (GHG) for polluters States, but also in that it establishes mechanisms known as of “flexibility”whose implementation is accompanied by a control based on a Committee known as of “compliance”. Butdespite all this normative production, it is regrettable that today the international climate regime is a realfailure. Indeed, if the mobilization of states is no doubt, however, the same states that have voluntarily agreedto engage deliberately refuse to honour their commitments for essentially political, economic and strategicreasons. This work therefore aims to shed light on the causes of this failure by developing a mixed record ofthe first Kyoto commitment ended period in 2012, and offers prospects for a legal regime of the post-Kyotoclimate and efficient, able to be up to the challenges
Zamorano-Ford, Jorge. "Essays on environmental regulation under imperfect competition". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E057.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis covers two subjects. One is the design of pollution permits and the other is the waste management. The first chapter analyses the implementation of pollution permits. It focuses on the distributional impacts linked with the stringency of output-based allocation,when two sectors are covered by the market for permits and the total cap is held constant. Theoretically demonstrated is a new type of profit increase in sectors that are not exposed to international competition. The second chapter addresses the issue of differentiating permit allocation across areas, this being linked to the possibility of firms to relocate. The conditions under which welfare decreases with relocation are determined. In such a case, free allowances may be used to prevent firms from relocating. The third chapter compares the efficiency of extended producer responsibility (EPR) programs and the efficiency of an ex-ante tax. The tax allows more ex-ante flexibility regarding market conditions, but the EPR allows more ex-post adaption to cost realizations. As a result, the relative efficiency of the EPR increases with uncertainty of the costs and competitiveness of the market
Dervillé, Marie. "Territorialisation du secteur laitier et régimes de concurrence : le cas des montagnes françaises et de leur adaptation à l'après-quota". Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGPT0034.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith the gradual increase of the milk quotas until their abolition planed in 2015, dairy farmers loose a mean to control competition among producers and between areas. This political change and the consequential markets’ transformation question the future of mountain dairy farming. The objective of this work is to propose a conceptual framework to analyse the change of competition regime in the dairy industry and to validate it empirically with the case of the French mountainous production areas.The scientific approach corresponds to an inclusion in the field of institutional economics. It enables the building of analytical tools and the exploration of the role of collective action, at various scales, in the response capacity of mountainous production areas. In this framework, competition regimes correspond to the institutional arrangement of coordination instruments that covers political instruments and coordination structures (professions, joint-trade organisations and standards) as well as innovation networks. These institutions and thus competition regimes spread over various scales.The French dairy industry being diversified these institutional arrangements vary across regions, based on the enterprises and production models, on markets’ orientation, on the nature of professional and interprofessionnal organisations, and finally on the general relationships among supply chains’ operators. Regional production systems are thus characterised by various competition regimes. The field of common pool resources has been extended and the concept of property rights regimes has been adapted to the ability to control prices (intangible property). Thus the dairy farmers’ capacity to access to the two common pool resources at the origin of the differentiation of a competition regimes, namely governance structures (at the basis of an innovation capacity) and collective reputation (at the source of a market premium), can be understood.The regional differentiation of competition regimes suggests the following empirical hypothesis: the viability of mountain production areas could rest on the activation of various territorial and sectional resources that enables a differentiation of the competition regimes. Innovations’ strategies could be incremental in areas with an already partially differentiated regional production system (Jura and Savoie) whereas it may have to be radical in other areas.The analysis of economic players’ strategies at various scales, based on an articulation of three case studies and of an econometric analysis, contributes to the understanding of the diverse territorial mechanisms of the dairy restructuring.Forty-three mountainous areas, gathered in four subsets – mountainous areas with strong PDO cheese, areas with a potential for PDO cheese, areas targeting generic markets either with high farm density or with low farm density –, have been distinguished and mapped. These regional differences shows that the new legal framework laid down by the public actor within the context of the Milk Package maynot be sufficient to enable market stability especially in some mountainous areas, once the quotas have been abolished. This legal framework rests indeed on an incentive (i) to establish contracts among supply chains’ operators and (ii) to constitute farmers’ organisations. It comes out that it may be necessary to support at the same time the dairy producers’ abilities to build a supply of milk and territorialised services ; a supply that has to match the demand of the industry as well as the one of the public-players (local administrations, state, Europe)
Pereira, João Pedro Leal de Faria Gonçalves. "Evolução da quota de mercado das marcas de distribuidores em periodos de recessão : o caso de Portugal (2008-2012)". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7911.
Pełny tekst źródłaNas últimas décadas as marcas de distribuidor têm vindo a crescer a um ritmo acelerado e de forma global. Este crescimento tem vindo a ser atribuído a vários fatores, entre os quais as condições económicas, relativamente às quais tem surgido evidência de uma ligação contra cíclica. O principal objetivo deste estudo é analisar a relação entre o crescimento da quota destas marcas no mercado de grande consumo e uma recessão económica, usando indicadores de caráter económico e social e confiança dos consumidores. Procura também analisar o impacto da recessão económica em dois tipos de categorias de produtos comercializados sob este tipo de insígnia, os bens hedónicos e os bens utilitários. As principais conclusões do trabalho são as de que a recessão assume uma relação significativa com a quota de mercado das marcas de distribuição, que aumentam com a deterioração das condições económicas e da confiança dos consumidores, associada ao facto de a crise económica ter uma influência mais acentuada no comportamento da quota de mercado das marcas de distribuição dos bens considerados utilitários.
Over the past decades private label products have been developing significantly and globally at a fast pace. This growth has been attributed to several factors, being one of them economic conditions, with whom private label have a counter cyclical relation. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between private label market share growth in the fast moving consumer goods market and an economic recession, using social economic and confidence indicators. It also intends to analyze the economic recession impact in two categories of products, utilitarian and hedonic goods. The conducted study allows concluding that the economic recession as a significant relation with private label market share, that tends to increase when a turn for the worse of economic and confidence indicators is observed. This is combined with the fact that an economic recession has a higher influence on the private label market share behavior of utilitarian goods.
Gautier, Maud. "Les clauses de rendement". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30072.
Pełny tekst źródłaPerformance clauses are an incentive to overshoot, to act, and to perform.Therefore, how can they be reconciled with the different parts of the law in which they operate? They are found in labor law and take an almost overwhelming size in distribution law. Well integrated into the contractual sphere, the return clause obliges the debtor and feeds the creditor’s expectations. But not only that, for if the debtor of the return clause must discipline himself to achieve the agreed performance, the creditor, with a view to help achieve the goal, should not simply adopt a passive attitude. In sum, the obligation to return back to the “whole report” exists between the creditor and the debtor.It is difficult to present their inclusion under the general theory of contract law. Their delicate handling calls for the consideration of many factors and parameters that must be taken into consideration to ensure their effectiveness. At the end of this study, these terms appear as a performance tool in the service of contractors but also of economic interest. Well-handled and strictly supervised clauses of performance are competitive sources of efficiency. All in all, the initial constraint is cleared and reveals the usefulness of performance clauses in the public interest. Thus, in terms of the contract and performance boost, performance clauses sharpen competition and thereby safeguard the interests of consumers. It seems then that the performance in achieving the objectives, participate not only in a quest of contractual effectiveness, but also for competitive efficiency for the whole community
Benchora, Inessa. "Impact of Transition Risk on Stock Returns". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1010.
Pełny tekst źródłaTransition risk, inherent in the shift to a low-carbon economy, presents significant challenges and opportunities for financial markets. This thesis aims to quantify and analyze the influence of this risk on stock returns, taking into account regulatory, technological, and consumer and investor preference developments. Taking part initially in the debate on the most appropriate measure to approximate a company’s contribution to transition risk, in Chapter 1, we propose the use of verified carbon emissions to assess the impact of transition risk on companies participating in the EU ETS. Our results show that the emissions trading system alters the risk-return profile of stocks, which can provide a financial incentive to consider emissions in investment decisions. Next, recognizing the pivotal role of central banks in the transition to a low-carbon economy, Chapter 2 provides an evaluation of the environmental footprint of U.S. monetary policy concerning transition risk. The main conclusion of non-neutrality in U.S. monetary policy, favoring polluting companies, leads to the third chapter. This chapter, also focused on the United States, explores how transition risk is taken into account in market valuation and how climate regulation can influence this integration. Our results suggest that the long-term impact of U.S. laws on the relationship between carbon emissions and stock returns needs strengthening to ensure its sustainability. Currently, legislative measures have a more pronounced effect in the medium term, but their sustainability remains uncertain. In conclusion, these chapters aim to enable a better integration of transition risk into stock evaluation by investors, which would empower regulatory authorities and financial market participants to develop more suitable policies and preventive measures against this risk
Leclerc, Thomas. "Les mesures correctives des émissions aériennes de gaz à effet de serre : Contribution à l'étude des interactions entre les ordres juridiques en droit international public". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0751/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaLooking for a global and corrective measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions frominternational civil aviation has been facing legal obstacles. These obstacles took the form ofconflicts of norms linked to the general challenge of the interactions between international aviationlaw, climate change law and the law of the European Union. Using evolutionary interpretation ofthe Chicago Convention in order to reconcile norms of substantive and institutional nature emergedas the best solution. However, this method perpetuates legal uncertainty and poses the generalchallenge of flexibly and elasticity of the Chicago Convention in response to the climate changechallenge. This study examines the above mentioned issues of interactions between legal ordersand provides recommendations to restore legal certainty needed to ensure sustainable developmentof international civil aviation. More specifically, this study reveals the underestimated relevance ofthe ongoing distinction between the legal regimes of air navigation and air transport, which is a keylegal element in the search for a global and corrective solution to the impact of international civilaviation on climate change
Maisonnas, Jean Pierre. "La formation historique de la déontologie de l'avocat en France entre la naissance des juridictions royales et la loi du 31 décembre 1971, voix du Prince ou libéralisme ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3065.
Pełny tekst źródłaIs ethics of lawyers emanating from them because of the necessities of its exercise or from the political authorities because it touches a sovereign task? France has not hesitated. Inspired in particular by THEODOSIUS and JUSTINIAN, borrowing Carolingians and chivalry religious morals, kings from St. Louis have legislated especially as the birth of royal courts at the end of the thirteenth century stabilized the role and title of the lawyer. The customs and the "stiles" completed this device. These principles (loyalty, independence, respect) will change over time into "uses". As long as the lawyer is a member of the judicial institution with a vocation to become executive, the deontology was based on a consensus. The venality of the offices depriving him of this promotion, transforms him into a simple "auxiliary", wayward to the point of stirring unlikely strikes. Impregnated with the fantasized grandeur of his ancestors in the antiquity he prefers to consolidate his social rank (nobility, precedence). From LOUIS XIV the deontology (ethics) freezes. The Revolution sweeps away this multisecular heritage. Pressed by the concepts of freedom and gratuitousness, the constituents, mostly lawyers, suppress the profession and the parliaments that are being hated. "Unofficial defenders", often without faith or law, take the place of lawyers. Ethics disappeared for twenty years. Reluctantly reinstated by NAPOLEON, these "factious" struggle all the nineteenth against the state for the control of "uses" weakening them (already in butte to societal currents: emancipation, nationality) a little more. The decree of 1920 settled this situation, which almost engulfed the Orders. Never again until 1971 will lawyers participate in the definition of their rules. At most one association (ANA) will make successful proposals. The wars illustrated the Prince's power of intervention in deontology by suspending it, overhauling it (prohibiting Jews) or creating permanent institutions (CAPA). “France Libre” preserved from Vichy everything that did not conflict with fundamental principles. The years 54/57 introduced liberal modifications (the right to wield funds, to associate, to claim unpaid fees). It is a place where the state did not give up to make the lawyer a civil servant: overseas. Except for Algeria, a "natural extension of France", in other countries under french domination, in a total disorder, far from its dreamed unity, France has, in the indifference of the bar associations, created a paradeontology vaguely evoking the “avoué”. Despite a legislative abundance, France has no more succeeded in imposing a universal code of ethics. Using renewed imaginative processes, the governors have, as required by a principle of realism, all invented to save a notoriously failing system until the inadmissible (prohibition to plead for the natives). In the years 1930/1936 the Republic resolved to establish "free bars", roughly modeled on those of metropolis, a liberal attempt without a future because of the war and the conflicts of decolonization. The Law of December 31, 1971 creating a "pleading-solicitor" dreaded by the caciques initiated a profound reform of the role of the lawyer and laid the groundwork for a subsequent evolution of ethics (institution of a national representation -CNB granting it legislative power in this area). It was nevertheless without the lawyers that the decree of ethics was published in 2005. Such a linear deontology is explained by the concern for the Prince to ensure to the infinity detail the perfection of his mission to judge, a metaphysics of the perfect. The commodification of the law, the extension of the field of the lawyer, the industrialization of the actors contradict this objective. Will France finally decide ?
SAMPALEAN, NICULINA IUDITA. "ESPLORAZIONE DEL COMPORTAMENTO DEI CONSUMATORI NEI CONFRONTI DELLE DIVERSE ETICHETTE RELATIVE AGLI ALIMENTI DI QUALITÀ CERTIFICATA DALL'UNIONE EUROPEA". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/115280.
Pełny tekst źródłaAny food product found on the market contains several labels that help consumers in their decision making when shopping. This help can be guaranteed only if the consumers understand the significance of those labels, the differences between them and the information that they certify. The thesis explored labels’ role in the food marketing sector and studies were carried out according to consumer approach. Using different methods (statistics and econometrics), we analyzed consumers perceptions, awareness, knowledge towards some food labels and their preferences and behavior toward food products bearing these labels (Front of Packaging Nutritional Labels and Quality labels). Quality certified food products were chosen because are dramatically relevant for the European agri-food sector, even more of the Italian one where it forms the DOP Economy, due to its density. Assessments of several food labels from a consumer behavior perspective was carried out. Based on the findings we formulated some policy, marketing recommendations and communication suggestions that could be used by the consortia to enhance consumers’ engagement for products with quality certifications (PDO/PG/TSG or organic). The recommendations were also addressed to policy makers and producers of the PDO/PGI/TSG/Organic products but also to the policy makers of the Nutritional Labelling.
Lopes, Catarina. "Marcas do distribuidor: as razões do seu sucesso". Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/10635.
Pełny tekst źródłaAmaral, José Pinto de. "O conceito do valor de marca e sua tutela jurídica". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11144/1171.
Pełny tekst źródła