Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Maps on microfilm

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Maps on microfilm”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 26 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Maps on microfilm"

Phan, Thanh Nhan, Van Hung Tran, Nikola Kaloyanov i Momchil Vassilev. "Heat transfer performance of R1234yf for convective boiling in horizontal micro-fin and smooth tubes". E3S Web of Conferences 207 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020701009.

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This study analyses the performance of heat transfer process which occurs in the convective boiling of Hydro fluoro Olefin (HFO) refrigerant, R1234yf, in horizontal tube. Heat transfer and pressure drop of R1234yf are analyzed and computed at the same working conditions on the same size of outer diameter of tube do = 9.52 mm with difference of inner surface, one is a smooth surface and microfin for other. The flow pattern maps were built at 5°C saturation temperature with 8.62 kW/m2 of heat flux, it is presented that flow pattern of helix flow occurs at very low mass flux and low quality, while at that condition on smooth tube the flow is still stratified wavy flow. The comparison of heat transfer performance between microfin and smooth tube would be evaluated on enhancement factor E, penalty factor P and efficiency index I. With the mass flux on the range G = 111 -- 333 kg/m2s for 5°C boiling temperature, the results show that, average value of E is 2.18; 1.45 of P and 1.54 of I. One more impressing thing is that, at the quality “x” larger than 0.8, the dryout phenomenon takes place on smooth tubes while microfin tubes do not have this phenomenon.

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Liebenberg, Leon, John R. Thome i Josua P. Meyer. "Flow Visualization and Flow Pattern Identification With Power Spectral Density Distributions of Pressure Traces During Refrigerant Condensation in Smooth and Microfin Tubes". Journal of Heat Transfer 127, nr 3 (1.03.2005): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1857942.

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This paper presents a flow pattern identifier of the prevailing flow regime during refrigerant condensation inside smooth- and microfin tubes. The power spectral density distribution of the fluctuating condensing pressure signal was used to identify the prevailing flow regime, as opposed to the traditional (and subjective) use of visual-only methods, and/or smooth-tube flow regime maps. The prevailing flow regime was observed by using digital cameras and was validated with the use of the conventional smooth-tube flow regime transition criteria, as well as a new flow regime map for microfin-tube condensation. Experimental work was conducted for condensing refrigerants R-22, R-407C, and R-134a at an average saturation temperature of 40°C with mass fluxes ranging from 300–800 kg/m2 s, and with vapor qualities ranging from 0.05–0.15 at condenser outlet to 0.85–0.95 at condenser inlet. Tests were conducted with one smooth-tube condenser and three microfin-tube condensers (with helix angles of 10°, 18°, and 37° respectively). The power spectral density distributions of the condensing pressure signals distinguish the annular and intermittent (slug and plug) flows. A very low resonant frequency (<40 Hz) and low power spectral density amplitude of the pressure oscillation denoted stratified and wavy flows. As the annular flow regime was approached, the oscillations became larger and their frequencies increased (typically 40–120 Hz). Intermittent flow showed the most distinct character of all flow regimes. Its trace consisted of large amplitude pressure pulses occurring at fairly constant frequencies (approximately 50, 60, 80, 100, and 120 Hz). As the transition from intermittent to annular flow began, the pressure fluctuations became less regular and the amplitude dropped sharply.

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Olubiyo, Peter Olubunmi, i Lydia Mercy Olubiyo. "Strategies for Preservation of Electronic Information Resources in Academic Libraries in Nigeria". International Journal of Library and Information Science studies 9, nr 3 (15.03.2023): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijliss.15/vol9n35062.

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Modern academic libraries preserve collections that include not only printed materials such as, books, periodicals, newspapers, and magazines, but also electronic resources such as art reproductions, films, sound and video recordings, maps, photographs, microfiches, microfilms, CD-ROMs, computer software, online databases, and other media. In addition to preserving collections within library buildings, modern academic libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites. Digital preservation, in this context is the process of giving electronic information resources long life. Preservation of Electronic Information Resources is essentially a way of preserving the functionality of and access to digital information which might otherwise be lost due to technological obsolescence, therefore, migration and other methods of preserving electronic records can be adopted. Migration is a set of organized task designed to achieve periodic transfer of digital materials from one hardware/software configuration to another or from one generation of computer technology to a subsequent generation.

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Silva, Paulo Henrique Da Fonseca, Elder Eldervitch Carneiro de Oliveira i Sandro Gonçalves da Silva. "Projeto e análise de antenas patch compactas com contornos fractais de Koch". Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB 1, nr 16 (25.08.2008): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-03062015v1n16p91-99.

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Este artigo apresenta uma proposta para a miniaturização de antenas em microfita, do tipo inset-fed patch retangular, através da aplicação de curvas fractais de Koch aos seus contornos retilíneos. Em comparação com as antenas em microfita convencionais, as antenas patch com contornos fractais apresentam frequências de ressonância inferiores, possibilitando a fabricação de estruturas ainda mais compactas. A técnica inset-fed é investigada pela primeira vez para o casamento de impedâncias das antenas fractais, que são alimentadas através de linhas de microfita com reentrâncias. Na fase de projeto, as dimensões das antenas foram otimizadas com o auxílio do software Ansoft DesignerTM, usado para a análise precisa do comportamento eletromagnético das antenas através do método dos momentos. A partir destas simulações, vários protótipos de antenas foram construídos através da aplicação de dois tipos de contornos fractais de Koch: triangular e retangular. Para a validação da metodologia empregada, um estudo comparativo dos resultados medidos e simulados foi realizado. As simulações indicaram que as antenas fractais propostas apresentam diagramas de radiação do tipo ‘broadside’, que são similares ao de um patch retangular. Em relação à área ocupada por uma antena patch retangular, verificou-se que: para uma mesma frequência de operação, a antena fractal de Koch triangular ocupa uma área até 28,6% menor, enquanto a antena fractal de Koch retangular ocupa uma área até 40,8% menor.

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Fernández Fernández, Javier. "La descripción de mapas y dibujos de arquitectura en AtoM". Tábula, nr 26 (13.03.2024): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.51598/tab.980.

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El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal dar a conocer a la comunidad de usuarios del software AtoM (Access to Memory) la plantilla RAD, correspondiente a la norma canadiense Rules for Archival Description. Las reglas canadienses cuentan con capítulos específicos para la descripción de documentos textuales, documentos en distintos tipos de soportes, materiales gráficos, materiales cartográficos, dibujos técnicos y de arquitectura, imágenes en movimiento, grabaciones sonoras, documentos electrónicos, microformas, objetos, documentos filatélicos y documentos aislados que no forman parte de un fondo o colección. Asimismo, se explica la aplicación que se hace de la plantilla en el Archivo General de Palacio en la descripción de planos de arquitectura y mapas. Y, por último, repasaremos su etiquetado EAD y el buscador de documentos. The main purpose of this article is to inform the community of users of the AtoM software about the RAD template, derived from the canadian standard Rules for Archival Description. These rules have several specific and usable chapters for the description of textual records, units consisting of multiple media, graphic materials, cartographic materials, architectural and technical drawings, moving images, sound recordings, records in electronic form, records on microform, objects, philatelic records and discrete items. Furthermore, the application of the template in the Archivo General de Palacio in the description of architectural drawings and maps is explained. And finally, we will review its EAD tagging and its search functionality.

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Lucchini, A., I. M. Carraretto, T. N. Phan, P. G. Pittoni, L. Molinaroli i L. P. M. Colombo. "Convective condensation of R134a and R1234ze(E) inside microfin tube". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2509, nr 1 (1.05.2023): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2509/1/012027.

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Abstract Environmental concerns are forcing the replacement of the commonly used refrigerants and finding new fluids is a top priority. The hydro-fluoro-olefin (HFO) R1234ze(E), because of its smaller global warming potential (GWP) and shorter atmospheric lifetime, replaced R134a. Accordingly, for HVAC systems design, a detailed knowledge of the thermo-fluid-dynamic characteristics of the fluids and reliable predictive models are required. To improve the understanding, R134a and R1234ze(E) were employed in convective condensation experiments (saturation temperature Tsat = 35°C, mean quality xm = 0.1~0.9, quality changes Δx = 0.05~0.6, mass flux G = 43~444 kg·m−2s−1) inside a microfin tube (outer diameter D = 9.52 mm, fin number n = 60, fin height H = 0.2 mm). The results were used for two goals: the former is the comparison of the heat transfer features of the two fluids, while the latter aims at testing the performance of prediction models available in the open literature. At the saturation temperature T = 35°C, the two fluids show small differences in the thermal properties so that, as expected, the experiments highlighted a very similar behavior in the typical operating conditions of HVAC systems. In fact, for all the operating conditions marginal differences were observed in the pressure drop, the heat transfer coefficient and the flow pattern maps. The issue of prediction reliability, however, is still open. Actually, not all the models achieving good results for R134a show the same performance for R1234ze(E), especially for the pressure drop.

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Clement, Jan J. "The Elmina Dagregister of William Butler, 1721". History in Africa 24 (styczeń 1997): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172041.

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De Heeren Thienen, executives of the college of directors of the West-Indische Compagnie (W.I.C.) in Amsterdam, demanded that their directors-general in Elmina keep accurate journals or day books, copies of which had to be sent to Holland regularly and at short intervals (one to three months), to each of the five “Kamers” or Chambers: Amsterdam, Zeeland, Maas, Stad, and Lande en Noorderquartier. These journals were produced during most of the period of two and a half centuries that the Dutch resided at the Gold Coast. All of the still-existing journals are now stored at the Algemeen Rijksarchief (ARA) in The Hague in Holland.Unfortunately, many of the manuscripts dating from before 1700 have gone, lost either by deliberate destruction, by thoughtless bureaucrats, or by accidental fires. Of the manuscripts now in the ARA many are in poor condition and are not available for consultation; others are being microfilmed, which makes studying these valuable documents somewhat tiresome. Fortunately, when I transcribed the day book of 1721 on my laptop computer, I was lucky enough to be able to use the original manuscript; a few weeks after I had finished this job the manuscript was microfilmed and is now available only in that format. The only other existing transcription of a journal of Elmina was published in 1953 by Karel Ratelband, whose Vijf dagregisters van het kasteel Sao Jorge Da Mina, covers the years 1645 to 1647.The journals of Elmina written or dictated by the directors-general were used by the Heeren Thienen in Amsterdam primarily as a tool to control their staff on the Gold Coast.

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Biraben, Jean-Noël. "Le point de l'enquête sur le mouvement de la population en France avant 1670". Population Vol. 40, nr 1 (1.01.1985): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1985.40n1.0069.

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Résumé BiRABEN Jean-Noël. — Le point de l'enquête sur le mouvement de la population en France avant 1670. Des difficultés imprévues ne nous permettront pas d'achever cette enquête à la fin de 1984 comme cela avait été projeté, mais une grande partie des objectifs sont atteints. — 164 paroisses rurales sont achevées soit 64% du total, — 30 villes sont achevées, 10 en voie d'achèvement, 17 dépouillements non nominatifs sont faits, soit environ 70% du total car 8 grandes villes sur 10 sont faites, — Les relevés parisiens, très considérables, sont presque achevés, — 89 séries paroissiales de 81 communes (sur 201 situées à moins de 20 km de Notre-Dame) sont relevées, le travail est terminé pour les environs de Paris. — La reconstitution des familles est achevée pour quatre paroisses, le dépouillement ou la reconstitution est en cours pour six autres, — Les registres de 11 paroisses débutant avant 1539 sont microfilmés de l'origine à 1792. D'ores et déjà, nous savons que la reconstitution du mouvement de la population de la France que nous avons entreprise sera très bonne à partir de 1600, relativement bonne de 1540 à 1599, médiocre pour le début du xvie siècle et seulement régionale ou locale pour le dernier tiers du xve siècle. Nous espérons pour Paris une assez bonne approche dès 1525, pour ses environs, elle sera bonne à partir de 1545, mais médiocre de 1527 à 1544.

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Siqueira, Alisson Amorim, Paulo Gustavo Serafim de Carvalho, Marianne Louise Marinho Mendes i Ricardo Kenji Shiosaki. "MicroFit: um software gratuito para desenvolvimento e ajuste de modelos matemáticos de crescimento bacteriano". Brazilian Journal of Food Technology 17, nr 4 (grudzień 2014): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.6414.

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A conservação de alimentos é uma das práticas mais antigas apropriadas pela humanidade, entretanto as infecções alimentares ainda despontam como uma gravíssima questão de saúde pública em todo o mundo, levando a óbito milhares de pessoas todos os anos. Nesse contexto, os modelos de predição microbiológica surgem como uma importante ferramenta para aferição da segurança alimentar e avaliação do risco de contaminação de alimentos. Os parâmetros de predição do comportamento microbiano proporcionam um caminho rápido e relativamente econômico para obtenção de estimativas confiáveis sobre crescimento, inativação e sobrevivência durante a atividade de micro-organismos nos alimentos, de acordo com as condições de estocagem. Apesar da importância dos modelos de predição, as dificuldades de utilização e resolução dos mesmos, por consistirem de equações não lineares e sem solução analítica, impedem sua ampla utilização. A baixa disponibilidade de programas eletrônicos para análise de dados microbiológicos, bem como a falta de ferramentas que permitam a criação de modelos ou o ajuste de parâmetros de uma forma rápida e fácil são outros entraves ao uso dos modelos de crescimento microbiológico. Diante desse problema, esse artigo tem por objetivo descrever o processo de desenvolvimento de um software concebido para permitir o ajuste, criação e comparação de modelos microbiológicos de crescimento de bactérias. A partir do uso de ferramentas comumente empregadas nesse tipo de estudo e das necessidades não contempladas por elas, foi desenvolvido um programa autônomo, gratuito, dotado de uma interface objetiva e com mecanismos capazes de criar e avaliar facilmente modelos preditivos. Espera-se que o software desenvolvido neste trabalho possa facilitar a análise de dados do comportamento microbiano em alimentos e o controle de possíveis repercussões para o consumidor final.

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Joseph, Lura E. "Image Quality in University of Illinois Digital Geology Dissertations from ProQuest." Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, nr 77 (1.09.2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/istl1607.

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In 2009, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) purchased a block of approximately :000 UIUC dissertations, authored between 1989 and 199: that were scanned from microfilm by ProQuest. These were subsequently provided in PDF form both within the UIUC institutional digital repository (IDEALS) to the UIUC community and via the ProQuest platform. Subsequently, approximately 1:000 additional dissertations were digitized from microfilm by ProQuest for UIUC. Most geology dissertations contain photographs, micrographs, maps and cross-sections (often in color and often oversized), seismic sections and other figures, images, and plates. This content is often some of the most useful information contained in geology dissertations. However, these elements do not copy adequately into microform format, and therefore are not adequate when digitized from microform. Geology dissertations need to be scanned from originals into high-quality color and grey-scale. Administrators and other library staff unfamiliar with the discipline of geology may fail to understand the nature and extent of the problem. In order to document the need for this in-house work, a study was conducted to reveal the extent of problems in the ProQuest versions digitized from microform. Of the 439 known geology dissertations from UIUC, 398 have been digitized by ProQuest. This study found that 82% of the digitized dissertations had at least one figure with unacceptable quality and therefore need to be rescanned at high quality. The results have implications for other disciplines that rely on images and oversized plates to convey important information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Książki na temat "Maps on microfilm"

Center, National Cartographic Information, red. How to order maps on microfilm. [Reston, Va.]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), 1987.

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Center, National Cartographic Information, red. How to order maps on microfilm. [Reston, Va.]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), 1987.

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Center, National Cartographic Information, red. How to order maps on microfilm. [Reston, Va.]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), 1988.

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Escott, Anne. Census returns and old parochial registers on microfilm: A directory of public library holdings in the West of Scotland. [Glasgow]: Glasgow District Libraries, Publications Board, 1986.

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Public Services Microfilm Liaison Group. Working Party. Microfilming of maps and plans: A report. Wyd. 2. Hatfield, Hertsfordshire: Cimtech (The National Centre for Information Media and Technology), 1985.

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Gauvreau, Christine. An index to the microfilm edition of grassroots feminist organizations. Redaktor Northeastern University (Boston, Mass.). Libraries. Woodbridge, CT: Primary Source Media, 2008.

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John, Pierpont. Proceedings of a meeting of friends of Rev. John Pierpont, and his reply to the charges of the committee, of Hollis Street Society.h[microform]: October 26th, 1839. Boston: Printed by S.N. Dickinson, 1985.

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Thibaut, Jean-Baptiste. La liturgie romaine [microform]: La liturgie primitive et le grand Hallel ; liturgie romaine grecque ; liturgie romano-africaine ; liturgie romaine latine. Doetinchem, Holland: Microlibrary Slangenbury Abbey, 1987.

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How to order maps on microfilm. [Reston, Va.]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), 1988.

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How to order maps on microfilm. [Reston, Va.]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC), 1988.

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Części książek na temat "Maps on microfilm"

"Coda: Shame about That Microfilm". W Mass Capture, 215–24. McGill-Queen's University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780228009320-010.

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Nhan Phan, Thanh. "A Review on Condensation Process of Refrigerants in Horizontal Microfin Tubes: A Typical Example". W Heat Transfer [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105875.

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Heat transfer performance of refrigerant on the condensation process is very important in the designing of condensation equipment, especially in air conditioning and refrigeration systems. The outstanding advantages of microfin tubes are reducing the weight and size of condensers and also reducing the amount of refrigerant on the system. Reviewing the general concept of condensation and detailing the formation of flow pattern map that is also the procedure to determine heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop during condensation process of refrigerant inside the horizontal microfin tubes would be considered. Also, a typical example will be presented to illustrate a detailed procedure to calculate the value of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop during the condensation process in horizontal microfin tubes. The data results show that microfin tube J60 with 60 number of fins inside 8.96 mm inner diameter, 0.2 mm height of fin, 40o of apex angle and 18o of helix angle, the condensation procedure of R1234ze at 35°C, heat flux of 8.62 kW/m2, and mass flux of 222 kg/m2s that could be estimated with heat transfer coefficient would be reduced from 8160.4 [W/m2 K] to 1413.8 [W/m2 K] follow with quality x changes from 0.99 to 0.01, and the maximum pressure drop of this process is 3173.8 [Pa/m].

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Nhan Phan, Thanh, i Van Hung Tran. "A Review on Convective Boiling Heat Transfer of Refrigerants in Horizontal Microfin-Tubes: A Typical Example". W Heat Exchangers. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100024.

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Understanding the Heat transfer performance of refrigerant for convective boiling in horizontal microfin tube and smooth tube is place an importance role on the designing of evaporator, the main equipment on refrigeration system. Reviewing the general concept especially the theory of boiling in the tube, the formation of the flow pattern map, the calculating procedure for heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop during boiling process of refrigerant in microfin tube. Besides, a typical example will be presented more detail in step by step to define the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for one working condition to estimate the data results without doing experiments.

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Bulson, Eric. "Afterword". W Little Magazine, World Form. Columbia University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231179768.003.0008.

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I consider more recent attempts to digitize full runs of little magazines and make them accessible to a wider public, situating it in a more expansive archival history that includes earlier attempts to bind little magazines in the 1920s, transfer magazines to microfilm in the 1940s, reproduce them in book form in the 1960s, and reprint them as anastatic copies in the 1970s. In its most general terms, this ever-emerging archive of “digittle magazines,” as I call them, with their potential for entirely new modes of searching and cross referencing can transform our understanding of modernism’s legacy. But, I argue, this process, which is largely being funded and overseen by academic and commercial institutions, also threatens to anchor the little magazine in national literary traditions that can cut it off from a global itinerary in the past we are just beginning to map out and explain.

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White, Eric B. "Ghosts in the Machine Age: Rose and Bob Brown’s Reading Machines and the Socio-Technics of Social Change". W Reading Machines in the Modernist Transatlantic, 162–213. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474441490.003.0005.

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Chapter 4 begins at the point at which the Bob and Rose Brown’s ‘readies’ project supposedly failed: after the Readies for Bob Brown’s Machine anthology was published in 1931. Featuring experimental texts by Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, William Carlos Williams and many others, the readies project has hitherto been considered one of many modernist casualties of the Great Depression. This chapter finally reveals its full story, and details how Rose Brown led the development of a new working reading machine in the 1930s and beyond. Anthology contributors including James T. Farrell, Norman MacLeod and the Browns had begun to chart a course beyond the binary orbits of dour social realism and ‘ivory-tower’ aestheticism. The chapter combines new readings of these American super-realist writers with extensive archival research using a meta-formational approach, which relies on (rather than is undermined by) different disciplinary approaches to cultural production. Reconstructing the Browns’ journey from the rural labour institute Commonwealth College to the Polytechnic Museums of Russia – from the burgeoning microfilm industry in New York City to their plantation in Brazil – it reveals how the Browns’ proletarian class politics and Veblenist technicities articulate a sustained and dialogic engagement between modernist vanguards and mass culture.

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Ansari, Mehtab Alam. "Modernization of a Traditional Library". W Library and Information Science in Developing Countries, 32–44. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61350-335-5.ch003.

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Maulana Azad Library is considered one of the major libraries of the world, with a glorious past and promising future. It was established with the foundation of Madarsatul-Uloom Musalmanan at Aligarh in 1875, which became Mohammadan Anglo-Oriental (MAO) College in 1877 and became full-fledged Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) in 1920. The Maulana Azad Library came into existence with the donation of personal collection of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, the founder of Aligarh Muslim University in 1877. The library has very rich collection consisting of oriental and occidental printed and non-printed records. Various formats exist, such as: books, journals, manuscripts, government publications, Rrot graphs, audio-visual materials, phonodiscs, phonorecords, microfiche, pre-recorded cassettes, microfilms, compact discs, floppies, et cetera. Autographed letters, edicts of the kings and queens of the Mughal period, portraits of important personalities, coins, theses, dissertations, braille books, pamphlets, maps, charts, paintings etc. are available. The documents cover almost every discipline of knowledge with special reference to Islamic theology, history, literature, et cetera. A very good collection of books in oriental languages is also available in the Library. The library has started the automation process selecting Libsys software that is quite popular in central universities of India. The present chapter examines the automation process in different sections of the library.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Maps on microfilm"

Cavallini, Alberto, Davide Del Col, Luca Doretti, Simone Mancin, Luisa Rossetto i Claudio Zilio. "Visualization of the Heat Transfer Enhancement During Condensation in a Microfin Tube". W ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98514.

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Microfins tubes are largely used in refrigeration industry for in-tube refrigerant condensation, because of the heat transfer enhancement when compared to equivalent smooth tubes under the same operating conditions. But not much evidence about the effect of microfins on the condensation flow patterns is available in the open literature. There is agreement in the open literature that the mechanisms of heat transfer are intimately linked with the prevailing two-phase flow regime. The present authors have recently measured the heat transfer coefficient during condensation of R410A in a microfin tube. The heat transfer enhancement in this tube can be experimentally evaluated by comparing those coefficients to the ones measured by Cavallini et al. (2001) in a plain tube, at the same operating conditions. The same operative conditions (saturation temperature, vapor quality and mass flux), occurring during the heat transfer measurements, were reproduced in a different section for visualization of flow patterns during condensation of R410A. The flow visualization has been carried out both in the plain tube and in the microfin tube. The objective of the present paper is to present the heat transfer enhancement during condensation of R410A and to show the flow visualized at the same operating condition for both the smooth and the microfin tube, aiming to link the heat transfer enhancement to the flow pattern variation.

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Xu, Jiajun, Yuwen Zhang i H. B. Ma. "Liquid-Vapor Oscillating Flow and Heat Transfer in a U-Shaped Minichannel With Internal Wick Structure". W ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18040.

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Liquid-vapor oscillating flow and heat transfer in a vertically placed oscillating heat pipe (OHP) with a sintered particle wick structure inside are analyzed in this paper. The evaporation and condensation heat transfer coefficients are obtained by solving the microfilm evaporation and condensation on the sintered particles. The sensible heat transfer between the liquid slug and the channel wall are obtained by analytical solution or empirical correlations, depending on whether the liquid flow is laminar or turbulent. The effects of the maximum evaporation and condensation angles on the oscillatory flow, as well as sensible and latent heat transfer are analyzed.

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Çebi, Alican, Ali Celen, Ahmet Selim Dalkılıç, Mustafa Kemal Sevindir i Somchai Wongwises. "Determination of Pressure Drop of Pure Water Flowing Upward Direction in a Double Tube Heat Exchanger Having Smooth and Microfin Tubes". W ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21059.

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Single phase friction factor and pressure drop behavior of smooth and microfin tubes are studied experimentally. The vertical test section was working as a counter flow double tube heat exchanger with water flowing in the inner smooth and microfin tubes having varying inner diameters and cooling water flowing in the annulus. Pressure drop of water due to cooling in upward flow in inner tubes is determined by experiments. Inner tube mass flow rate was between 0.023 kg/s to 0.100 kg/s while test section inlet temperatures were 40°C and 60°C. Effect of Reynolds number on pressure drop is also investigated and Blasius type friction factor correlations are developed for both smooth and microfin tubes.

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Nozu, Shigeru, i Hiroshi Honda. "Flow Characteristics of Condensing Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal Microfin Tubes". W ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0763.

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Abstract Flow observation study along with local heat transfer and pressure drop measurements were conducted during condensation of CFC11 in horizontal microfin tubes. A smooth tube and two microfin tubes with different fin geometry were tested. Flow observation study with use of industrial borescopes revealed that two major flow patterns exist during complete condensation of a vapor. A correlation equation for the local frictional pressure gradient was derived, in which the effect of refrigerant mass velocity was introduced on the basis of the flow regime consideration. The condensing two-phase frictional pressure drop data for the microfin tubes were correlated by the present method to have a mean absolute deviation of 8.3 percent.

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Dalkilic, Ahmet Selim, Suriyan Laohalertdecha i Somchai Wongwises. "A Comparison of the Void Fraction Correlations of R134A During Condensation in Vertical Downward Laminar Flow in a Smooth and Microfin Tube". W ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52382.

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Void fractions are determined in vertical downward annular two-phase flow of R134a inside a 7 mm i.d. smooth and microfin tube. The experiments are done at average qualities ranging between 0.67–0.99. The mass fluxes are around 29 kg/m2s. The pressures are between 0.77–0.9 MPa. The experimental setup is explained elaborately. Comparisons between the void fraction determined from 35 void fraction correlations are done. According to the use of various horizontal and vertical annular flow void fraction models together with the present experimental condensation heat transfer data, similar void fraction results were obtained mostly for the microfin and smooth tube. Effect of void fraction alteration on the momentum pressure drop is also presented.

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Cui, Wenzhi, Longjian Li, Mingdao Xin, Qinghua Chen, Quan Liao i Tien-Chien Jen. "Convective Boiling Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of R134a in a Microfinned Helically Coiled Tube". W ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72227.

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The main purpose of this paper was to experimentally study the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of refrigerant R134a boiling inside a new geometry microfin helically coiled tube. Experiments were performed in a range of mass quality from 0.05 up to 0.9, mass velocity 70 ∼ 380 kg/m2s and heat flux 2.0 ∼ 21.8 kW/m2. The local and average convective boiling heat transfer coefficients were reported in this paper, which were found to be dependent on both of mass flux and heat flux. Compared with corresponding smooth helically coiled tube, the microfin helically coiled tube could enhance the convective boiling heat transfer very well. The enhancement factor was up to 2.2 with the variety of mass flux and heat flux. Heat transfer in annular flow was specially studied. A flow boiling heat transfer correlation was presented for the annular flow regime, which had a mean deviation of 9.1%. The frictional pressure drop values were obtained by subtracting acceleration pressure drop and gravitational pressure drop from the measured total pressure drop. The frictional pressure drop data can be well correlated by Lockhart-Martinelli parameter. Considering the corresponding flow regimes, i.e., stratified and annular flow, two frictional pressure drop correlations were proposed, and showed a good agreement with the respective experimental data.

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Kim, Man-Hoe, Byung-Han Lim i Jeong-Seob Shin. "Condensation Heat Transfer of R22 and R410A in Horizontal Smooth and Microfin Tubes". W ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33350.

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An experimental investigation of condensation heat transfer in 9.52 mm horizontal copper tubes was conducted using R22 and R410A. The test rig had a straight, horizontal test section with an active length of 0.92 m and was cooled by the heat transfer fluid (cold water) circulated in a surrounding annulus. Constant heat flux of 11.0 kW/m2 was maintained throughout the experiment and refrigerant quality varied from 0.9 to 0.1. The condensation test results at 45°C were reported for 40–80 kg/h mass flow rote. The local and average condensation coefficients for seven microfin tubes were presented compared to those for a smooth tube. The average condensation coefficients of R22 and R410A for the microfin tubes were 1.7–3.19 and 1.7–2.94 times larger than those in smooth tube, respectively.

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Chen, Qinghua, R. S. Amano i Mingdao Xin. "Experimental Study of Flow Patterns and Regimes of Condensation in Horizontal Three-Dimensional Micro-Fin Tubes". W ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47026.

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During condensation of R134a the flow patterns inside two three-dimensional (3-D) micro-fin tubes with different fin geometries were investigated. The flow patterns and their transitions were visibly observed and recorded. The experimental findings revealed the following results: a comparison of the condensation flow patterns in the 3-D microfin tubes with those in smooth tubes revealed no qualitative differences. The mist flow and the mist-annular flow that appeared in the smooth tube entrance region were not observed in 3-D micro-fin tubes. In the maps of the Mandhane flow regime and the Soliman flow regime, the area of annular flow region of the 3-D micro-fin tube extends towards lower Fr number range in the Soliman map and smaller vapor velocity range in the Mandhane map when compared with that of a smooth tube. The criterion of the flow regime transition between the annular flow and wavy flow decreases from Fr = 7 to Fr = 2 in the Soliman flow regime map. However, no significant effect on the criterion for the plug flow transition was observed. The experimental data points of plug flow in the 3-D micro-fin tubes were also obtained in the same regime of smooth tube in Mandhane flow regime map. The Soliman flow regime map indicates the criterion for plug flow transition to be Fr = 0.4.

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Sun, Zhichuan, i Wei Li. "A General Frictional Pressure Drop Correlation for Condensation in Microfin Tubes". W ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69523.

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Experimental pressure drop data of condensation from the previous literature were collected to develop a general frictional pressure drop correlation for horizontal micro-fin tubes. The collected database contained 481 data points, covering nine working fluids at average saturated condensing temperatures ranging between 14 and 65°C, with mass velocities ranging from 50 to 800 kg/m2s, and average vapor qualities from 0.11 to 0.91. The hydraulic diameter of micro-fin tubes varied from 2.16 to 5.67 mm and was employed in the calculation of Reynolds number. The Fanning frictional factor was calculated by adopting the Churchill model with the empirically fitted relative roughness. Four existing pressure drop correlations developed for micro-fin tubes were evaluated by the database for condensation in micro-fin tubes. The correlation proposed by Cavallini et al. was the best prediction model among them, predicting 85.6% of the collected data points within the 30% error band. In addition, a new correlation based on the Martnelli parameter Xtt modified by incorporating the reduced pressure was proposed to predict the present database, which showed a good agreement.

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Dhuper, Karan, Lalit Kumar i Siddhartha Duttagupta. "Thermal Optimization of MCHS with Conical Microfins using Non Dominating Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II)". W Proceedings of the 27th National and 5th International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference December 14-17, 2023, IIT Patna, Patna-801106, Bihar, India. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihmtc-2023.1510.

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