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Payne, Nicholas Leslie, i Bronwyn May Gillanders. "Assemblages of fish along a mangrove - mudflat gradient in temperate Australia". Marine and Freshwater Research 60, nr 1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08124.
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Mangroves are considered to support rich assemblages of fish and invertebrates. Fishes inhabiting mangrove habitats and at various distances from mangroves across mudflats were sampled to: (1) compare fish assemblages between habitats; and (2) determine the influence of mangrove proximity on fish abundance and diversity in three southern Australian estuaries between November 2005 and January 2006. Based on their distribution, fish species were classified as mangrove residents, mudflat residents, generalists or rare species. The assemblage structure of fish in mangroves differed from assemblages 500 m away; however, neither total abundance nor species richness differed significantly between mangroves and mudflats. Mangrove residents and Aldrichetta forsteri (yellow-eyed mullet) displayed strong associations with mangrove habitats, whereas mudflat residents were associated with mudflat habitats. No other fish groups or individual species occurred in higher abundances in either habitat. Total fish abundance, mangrove residents and A. forsteri were positively correlated with pneumatophore density, indicating that the structural complexity of the mangroves might influence the distributions of certain fish species. The current study demonstrated that mangrove habitats in temperate Australia support no greater abundance or diversity of fish than adjacent mudflat habitats and that mangrove proximity does not influence fish distribution at a habitat scale.
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Rohmawati, Vivi Dwi, Husain Latuconsina i Hasan Zayadi. "Fish Community in Different Mangrove Habitat in Banyuurip Ujung Pangkah – Gresik Regency". Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 14, nr 1 (6.04.2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.14.1.73-79.
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Mangroves are an important habitat for fish communities, as spawning, growing and foraging areas. This study aims to compare the species composition, presence frequency and structure of fish communities in different mangrove habitats. The research was conducted at Banyuurip Mangrove Center, Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik Regency, East Java, during July-August 2020. Determination of purposive sampling locations based on physical differences in mangrove habitats. Systematic sampling method was used to estimate the number of mangrove species using belt transects. Fish sample collection uses basic gill nets that are placed at high tide in each mangrove habitat. The results showed that the total number of individual mangrove vegetation was 505 from 12 species, the number of species and individual mangrove vegetation differed between habitats, and the highest was found in coastal mangrove habitats. The number of fish was found as many as 181 individuals from 11 species, 10 families and 5 orders. The number and composition of species, families and fish orders differ between mangrove habitats, with the highest number in coastal mangrove habitats. Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) dominate the estuary mangrove habitat and giant trevally (Caranx sexfasciatus) dominate the coastal mangrove habitat. There are variations in the structure of fish communities between mangrove habitats, the dominance index value of the fish community in the estuary mangrove habitat is higher and in the medium category, while the coastal mangrove habitat is in the low category. On the other hand, the diversity index value of the fish community in the coastal mangrove habitat is in the high category and the estuary mangrove habitat is in the low category.
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Arifianti, Eka Nur, Husain Latuconsina i Hasan Zayadi. "Composition and Density of Gastropode in Mangrove Habitat of Banyuurip, Ujung Pangkah - Gresik". Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 14, nr 1 (4.04.2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.14.1.65-72.
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Gastropods are one of the biota that live in association with mangrove habitat. This study aims to compare the species composition and structure of the gastropod community in different mangrove habitats. This research was conducted in Banyuurip Mangrove Center (BMC), Ujung Pangkah-Gresik during July-August 2020. Determination of the observation station purposively based on physical differences in mangrove habitat. Estimation of mangrove and gastrode density by systematic sampling method using belt transects. There were 12 mangrove species with the highest number of species in the coastal mangrove habitat, with the highest species composition and density of Avicennia marina. The highest mangrove density was found in coastal mangrove habitats for all criteria. The number of gastropods found were 2,171 specimens belonging to 15 species, 5 families and 5 orders. The highest number of species, families and orders in coastal mangrove habitat were 1,191 specimens, 11 species from 5 families and 5 orders, the lowest was in estuarine mangrove habitat as many as 980 specimens from 9 species, 2 families and 2 orders. Densities of gastropods differ between mangrove habitats, with the highest density in coastal mangrove habitats and the lowest in estuarine mangrove habitats. The composition and density of the highest gastropods species in the estuary mangrove habitat is Cassidula aurisfelis and in the coastal mangrove habitat is Pirenella cingulata. The importance of conservation and rehabilitation efforts for mangroves that have been degraded to support the gastropods associated in it.
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Dunbar, Kimberley, Ronald Baker i Marcus Sheaves. "Effects of forest width on fish use of fringing mangroves in a highly urbanised tropical estuary". Marine and Freshwater Research 68, nr 9 (2017): 1764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf16098.
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The size and shape of a habitat patch can influence patterns of species utilisation. The present study examined how the width of fringing mangrove habitats affects the composition and use patterns of the fish assemblage using mangrove edge habitats on the flooding tide. Underwater cameras surveyed fish approaching mangrove habitats, ranging from a thin fringe 5m wide to forests over 75m wide, in a highly modified tropical estuary. The fish assemblage composition was similar across all mangrove widths, although the temporal patterns of use varied among mangrove widths for some species. The mean maximum number of individuals in the field of view was similar among mangrove widths, but fish were visible for a significantly greater proportion of time in videos from narrow (<20m) than wide (≥20m) mangrove stands (15v. 3% respectively). At least some fish were visible in the field of view in narrow mangrove fringes throughout the first hour of the flood tide, whereas in wide mangroves areas the presence of fish declined over time. The findings suggest that estuarine fish are using mangrove edge habitat regardless of width, making narrow mangroves viable habitats for estuarine fish.
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Chen, Yu-Chi, Ta-Jen Chu, Ju-Der Wei i Chun-Han Shih. "Effects of mangrove removal on benthic organisms in the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan". PeerJ 6 (4.10.2018): e5670. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5670.
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Mangrove degradation is a well-documented trend, but the spread of mangroves within the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan, runs contrary to that trend. The spread of mangroves changes the structure and functions of habitats for benthic organisms, causes infilling of estuaries and flooding and creates breeding grounds for small black mosquitoes. A large-scale mangrove-removal project was undertaken by the Hsinchu City Government from October 2015 to March 2016. They also investigated the consequences of mangrove removal on benthic organisms and adjacent habitats from October 2015 to September 2016, and the density, species count, Shannon–Wiener index (H′), and Pielou’s evenness index (J′) of the mangrove and non-mangrove regions were compared. In this study, we used satellite telemetry images to monitor fluctuations in mangrove density from 2006 to 2016. The non-mangrove region exhibited more variations than the mangrove region. After mangrove removal, species returned to their original habitats and noteworthy biological values significantly increased in the mangrove regions. This study presents evidence to argue that mangrove removal benefits benthic organisms. The results indicate that mangrove removal can be an appropriate habitat rehabilitation strategy for benthic organisms. The ecological findings of this study can inform coastal managers or other officials who seek to steward mangrove biomass.
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Stewart, Heather A., Jennifer L. Wright, Matthew Carrigan, Andrew H. Altieri, David I. Kline i Rafael J. Araújo. "Novel coexisting mangrove-coral habitats: Extensive coral communities located deep within mangrove canopies of Panama, a global classification system and predicted distributions". PLOS ONE 17, nr 6 (15.06.2022): e0269181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269181.
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Marine ecosystems are structured by coexisting species occurring in adjacent or nested assemblages. Mangroves and corals are typically observed in adjacent assemblages (i.e., mangrove forests and coral reefs) but are increasingly reported in nested mangrove-coral assemblages with corals living within mangrove habitats. Here we define these nested assemblages as “coexisting mangrove-coral” (CMC) habitats and review the scientific literature to date to formalize a baseline understanding of these ecosystems and create a foundation for future studies. We identify 130 species of corals living within mangrove habitats across 12 locations spanning the Caribbean Sea, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and South Pacific. We then provide the first description, to our knowledge, of a canopy CMC habitat type located in Bocas del Toro, Panama. This canopy CMC habitat is one of the most coral rich CMC habitats reported in the world, with 34 species of corals growing on and/or among submerged red mangrove aerial roots. Based on our literature review and field data, we identify biotic and abiotic characteristics common to CMC systems to create a classification framework of CMC habitat categories: (1) Lagoon, (2) Inlet, (3) Edge, and (4) Canopy. We then use the compiled data to create a GIS model to suggest where additional CMC habitats may occur globally. In a time where many ecosystems are at risk of disappearing, discovery and description of alternative habitats for species of critical concern are of utmost importance for their conservation and management.
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Calcinai, Barbara, Azzurra Bastari, Daisy M. Makapedua i Carlo Cerrano. "Mangrove sponges from Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) with the description of a new species". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, nr 6 (23.05.2016): 1417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416000710.
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Mangroves create unique ecological environments, furnishing a habitat opportunity for many species. The majority of published information on mangrove sponges comes from the Caribbean while few data are available from Indo-Pacific mangrove sponges. In general, species diversity of sponges in mangroves is lower than adjacent subtidal habitats in both the Caribbean and Indo-Pacific. The aim of this study is to report the first data about sponge species diversity of two mangrove forests from Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) and to describe a new sponge species associated with the mangroves. The survey found 19 species, belonging to 11 families and 15 genera; the samples were collected on mangrove trunks, on the roots or on the surrounding bottom. The majority of the species are typical of coral reef but two of them have been previously found only in lagoons or in mangrove habitats. These new data enlarge our knowledge about Indonesian sponges diversity and suggest the urgency to consider Indonesian mangroves as an important but underestimated element in coral reef ecological dynamics.
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P D, Krishnapriya, i Binoy C F. "Abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in a tropical deciduous forest and mangrove forest of Kerala, India". ENTOMON 45, nr 1 (31.03.2020): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v45i1.505.
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The abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in the Marottichal tropical deciduous forest and Kodungallur mangrove habitat of Thrissur District were studied. A total of 98 species belonging to 15 orders and 5 classes were obtained from the study area. Of these, 59 species belonging to 13 orders and 3 classes were recorded from forest habitat and 47 species belonging to 8 orders and 4 classes from mangroves. Order Coleoptera was the most abundant in both forest (30.69%) and mangrove (36.5%) habitats. Sorenson’s similarity index showed only 15.09% similarity among species indicating that both the habitats harboured significantly different types of species. It was noted that, as the humidity and moisture decreased, the abundance of species also decreased in both habitats. Temperature was negatively correlated with abundance of species. The diversity in forest habitat (4.03) was higher than mangrove habitat (3.77). Maximum abundance was recorded during monsoon season (June- August) and least during winter season (December- February). The species accumulation curve plotted for the study area indicated that there are more species likely to be discovered in both the habitats.
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Li, Lifeng, Wenai Liu, Jingwen Ai, Shuangjiao Cai i Jianwen Dong. "Predicting Mangrove Distributions in the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi, China, Using the MaxEnt Model: Determining Tree Species Selection". Forests 14, nr 1 (13.01.2023): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14010149.
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Mangrove restoration is challenging within protected coastal habitats. Predicting the dominant species distributions in mangrove communities is essential for appropriate species selection and spatial planning for restoration. We explored the spatial distributions of six mangrove species, including their related environmental factors, thereby identifying potentially suitable habitats for mangrove protection and restoration. Based on six dominant mangrove species present in the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi, China, we used a linear correlation analysis to screen environmental factors. In addition, we used the maximum entropy model to analyze the spatial distributions of potential mangrove afforestation areas. Based on the spatial superposition analysis, we identified mangrove conservation and restoration hot spots. The findings indicate that topographic and bioclimatic factors affect the distribution of suitable mangrove habitats in the Beibu Gulf, followed by land use type, salinity, and substrate type. We identified 13,816 hm2 of prime mangrove habitat in the Beibu Gulf that is primarily distributed in protected areas. The protection rate for existing mangroves was 42.62%. According to the predicted spatial distributions of the mangrove plants, the findings suggest that mangrove restoration should be based on suitable species and site selection.
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Zu Ermgassen, Philine SE, Thomas Grove i Ivan Nagelkerken. "Global affiliation of juvenile fishes and invertebrates with mangrove habitats". Bulletin of Marine Science 96, nr 3 (1.07.2020): 403–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0044.
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Mangroves are critical fish and invertebrate habitats, however, identifying to what degree species are affiliated to mangrove systems remains challenging. Here we outline and apply two quantitative methods and one qualitative method for assessing the degree of mangrove affiliation globally at a species level , based on habitat-specific fish and invertebrate species densities extracted from an exhaustive search of the literature , for mangroves and their associated coastal habitats. We assessed all 121 species for which we had ≥7 mangrove records and, where data allowed, quantified the percent contribution of mangroves to the summed species density across all habitats. We set the threshold for identifying a species as "highly mangrove- affiliated" as ≥70% relative density, and examined its validity by subjecting a subset of species either side of the threshold to a thorough review of evidence for mangrove affiliation in the peer-reviewed literature. We found that 53 species were highly mangrove-affiliated, including 24 fish and three invertebrate species from the Atlantic East Pacific (AEP) and nine fish and 15 invertebrate species from the Indo-West Pacific (IWP; two species had global distributions). Thirty- six of the 53 species are of value to artisanal, subsistence, or commercial fisheries (AEP = 21, IWP = 13, Global = 2). While this list of highly mangrove-affiliated species is far from complete due to data limitations, it represents the first attempt to undertake a global overview of highly mangrove- affiliated species, and a proof of concept for a quantitative and objective method of assessment.
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Henderson, Christopher J., Ben L. Gilby, Thomas A. Schlacher, Rod M. Connolly, Marcus Sheaves, Nicole Flint, Hayden P. Borland i Andrew D. Olds. "Contrasting effects of mangroves and armoured shorelines on fish assemblages in tropical estuarine seascapes". ICES Journal of Marine Science 76, nr 4 (4.02.2019): 1052–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz007.
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Abstract Coastal seascapes are composed of a diversity of habitats that are linked in space and time by the movement of organisms. The context and configuration of coastal ecosystems shapes many important properties of animal assemblages, but potential seascape effects of natural and artificial habitats on nearby habitats are typically considered in isolation. We test whether, and how, the seascape context of natural and urban habitats modified fish assemblages across estuaries. Fish were sampled with underwater videos in five habitat types (mangroves, rock bars, log snags, unvegetated sediments, armoured shorelines) in 17 estuaries in eastern Australia. Different habitats supported distinct fish assemblages, but the spatial context of mangroves and armoured shorelines had pervasive ecological effects that extended across entire estuaries. In most estuarine habitats, fish diversity and abundance was greatest when they were in close proximity of mangroves, and decreased due to the proximity of armoured shorelines. Many cities are centred on estuaries, and urban expansion is often associated with the fragmentation of mangrove forests. Our findings emphasize that these transformations of urban estuarine landscapes are likely to propagate to broader ecological impacts detectable in multiple habitats beyond mangrove forests.
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Chu, Ta-Jen, Chun-Han Shih, Yu-Ming Lu, Yi-Jia Shih, Jia-Qiao Wang i Liang-Ming Huang. "Incorporating Species-Conditional Co-Occurrence When Selecting Indicator Species to Monitor Restoration after Mangrove Removal from the Siangshan Wetland, Taiwan". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, nr 10 (23.09.2021): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9101044.
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This paper presents an approach for incorporating species-conditional co-occurrence into models used for the selection of marine indicator species. Mangrove invasion within the Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan, has changed the original structures and functions of habitats for benthic organisms. The Hsinchu City Government ran a large-scale mangrove removal project from October 2015 to March 2016 to restore the wetland. From October 2015 to September 2016, we investigated the biological effects of mangrove removal on benthic crabs and their adjacent habitats. Density, number of species, Shannon–Weaver index (H′) and Palou’s evenness index (J′) were calculated and compared between mangrove and non-mangrove regions. The results showed that values for these attributes in the non-mangrove regions were higher than those of the mangrove regions. After mangrove removal, species returned to their original habitats and the related density increased significantly. Using conditional co-occurrence algorithms, we identified five indicator species (Mictyris brevidactylus, Macrophthalmus banzai, Uca arcuata, Uca lacteal and Uca borealis) with high co-occurrence probabilities, whose population responses provided direct evidence of the benefits of mangrove removal for wetland restoration. The results indicate that mangrove removal is an appropriate habitat rehabilitation strategy for benthic organisms, and that the chosen indicator species may provide valuable ecological information for coastal managers seeking to control the spread of mangroves.
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Neely, Samuel, i Anne Raymond. "Establishing Modern Peat Analogs to Decipher Mangal Sub-Habitats From Historical Peats". Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 60, nr 2 (16.02.2023): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.58782/flmnh.wyms3450.
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In mangroves of South Florida, plant debris accumulates and humifies to form peat. The structure and composition of mangrove peat differs among mangal sub-habitats, leading to categorically distinct peat types reflective of the taphonomically active zone (TAZ). Here, taphonomic processes degrade and shape the peat until it is sequestered in the depth of final burial (DFB). Sequestered peats provide historical archives of the mangal depositional environment and the palaeoecological context of peat formation that are used to reconstruct mangal sub-habitats. However, as peat passes through the TAZ, information about the precursor mangal sub-habitat is reduced, which may skew mangrove community reconstructions. To better understand the influence of the TAZ on peat formation, we analyzed plant organ- and taxon-based measures by characterizing surficial mangrove peats from two contrasting mangal sub-habitats in Barnes Sound, Florida: a tidally influenced, Rhizophora-dominated fringe sub-habitat; and an inundated, interior mixed forest basin sub-habitat. We found (1) peats formed in basin sites have greater amounts of leaf litter, which correlates with reduced tidal activity and restricted detritivore access to the litter layer; (2) peats formed in fringe sites have higher root percentages, or root–shoot ratios, which provide a reliable method to differentiate between peats at depth, and (3) mangal sub-habitats differ in preserved organismal signals, such as foraminifera and insect parts. Further, we compare our surficial core samples to historical, deep core samples from other South Florida mangrove peat deposits to establish modern peat analogs needed to decipher preserved mangrove peats. These comparisons suggest that few aerial plant organs survive the TAZ and sequestered peats are biased towards root-rich peats characteristic of fringe sub-habitats; however, sequestered peats with lower root-shoot ratios indicate leaf litter-rich peats formed in basin sub-habitats.
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Husain, Pahmi, Agil Al Idrus i Muhammad Shohibul Ihsan. "The ecosystem services of mangroves for sustainable coastal area and marine fauna in Lombok, Indonesia: A review". JURNAL INOVASI PENDIDIKAN DAN SAINS 1, nr 1 (27.04.2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.51673/jips.v1i1.223.
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Abstract: Mangroves are one of the coastal ecosystems with high productivity, and their associated biodiversity provides a range of ecosystem services. The aerial roots of mangroves partly stabilize this environment and give a substratum on which many species of plants and animals live. Above the water, the mangrove trees and canopy provide important habitat for a wide range of species. These include birds, insects, mammals, and reptiles. Below the water, the mangrove roots are overgrown by epibionts such as tunicates, sponges, algae, and bivalves. The soft substratum in the mangroves forms a habitat for various infaunal and epifaunal species. At the same time, the space between roots provides shelter and food for motile fauna, such as prawns, crabs, and fishes. Mangrove litter is transformed into detritus, which partly supports the mangrove food web. Plankton, epiphytic algae, and microphytobenthos also form an essential basis for the mangrove food web. Due to the high abundance of food and shelter, and low predation pressure, mangroves form an ideal habitat for a variety of animal species, during part or all of their life cycles. As such, mangroves may function as nursery habitats for (commercially important) crab, prawn and fish species, and support offshore fish populations and fisheries.
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Wang, Yuyu, Peng Dong, Wenjia Hu, Guangcheng Chen, Dian Zhang, Bin Chen i Guangchun Lei. "Modeling the Climate Suitability of Northernmost Mangroves in China under Climate Change Scenarios". Forests 13, nr 1 (4.01.2022): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13010064.
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Mangroves are important wetland ecosystems on tropical and subtropical coasts. There is an urgent need to better understand how the spatial distribution of mangroves varies with climate change factors. Species distribution models can be used to reveal the spatial change of mangroves; however, global models typically have a horizontal resolution of hundreds of kilometers and more than 1 km, even after downscaling. In the present study, a maximum entropy model was used to predict suitable areas for the northernmost mangroves in China in the 2050s. An approach was proposed to improve the resolution and credibility of suitability predictions by incorporating land-use potential. Predictions were made based on two CMIP6 scenarios (i.e., SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5). The results show that the northern edge of the natural mangrove distribution in China would migrate from 27.20° N to 27.39° N–28.15° N, and the total extent of suitable mangrove habitats would expand. By integrating 30 m resolution land-use data to refine the model’s predictions, under the SSP1-2.6 scenario, the suitable habitats of mangroves are predicted to be 13,435 ha, which would increase by 33.9% compared with the current scenario. Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, the suitable area would be 23,120 ha, with an increased rate of 96.5%. Approximately 40–44% of the simulated mangrove patches would be adjacent to aquacultural ponds, cultivated, and artificial land, which may restrict mangrove expansion. Collectively, our results showed how climate change and land use could influence mangrove distributions, providing a scientific basis for adaptive mangrove habitat management despite climate change.
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Walker, Julie E., Christine Angelini, Ilgar Safak, Andrew H. Altieri i Todd Z. Osborne. "Effects of Changing Vegetation Composition on Community Structure, Ecosystem Functioning, and Predator–Prey Interactions at the Saltmarsh-Mangrove Ecotone". Diversity 11, nr 11 (1.11.2019): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d11110208.
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Decreasing frequency of freeze events due to climate change is enabling the poleward range expansion of mangroves. As these tropical trees expand poleward, they are replacing herbaceous saltmarsh vegetation. Mangroves and saltmarsh vegetation are ecosystem engineers that are typically viewed as having similar ecosystem functions. However, few studies have investigated whether predation regimes, community structure, and ecosystem functions are shifting at the saltmarsh-mangrove ecotone. In this study, we manipulated predator access to marsh and mangrove creekside habitats to test their role in mediating vegetation and invertebrate structure and stability in a two-year experiment. We also conducted a survey to evaluate how shifting vegetation is modifying structural complexity, invertebrate communities, and ecosystem functioning at the ecotone. Excluding larger (> 2 cm diameter) predators did not affect vegetation or invertebrate structure or stability in either saltmarsh or mangrove habitats. The survey revealed that the two habitat types consistently differ in structural metrics, including vegetation height, inter-stem distance, and density, yet they support similar invertebrate and algal communities, soil properties, and predation rates. We conclude that although mangrove range expansion immediately modifies habitat structural properties, it is not altering larger predator consumptive effects, community stability, community composition, or some other ecosystem functions and properties at the ecotone.
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Acosta, Charles A., i Mark J. Butler IV. "Role of mangrove habitat as a nursery for juvenile spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, in Belize". Marine and Freshwater Research 48, nr 8 (1997): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf96105.
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The use of mangrove prop roots and associated coralline habitats by Caribbean spiny lobsters was investigated near two types of mangrove islands in Belize. Spiny lobsters sheltered among mangrove prop roots, in undercut peat banks and under corals near islands, and they ranged in size from newly recruited juveniles to subadults. Lobsters preferred to shelter under large stony corals, but their use of mangrove prop roots nd undercut peat banks increased when the density of corals was low. Den residence time and distance moved within a site were similar at islands isolated by deep water channels and islands separated by shallow seagrass beds, but as a consequence of high immigration rates, population sizes were highest near shallow islands. Predation on newly settled juveniles was greater in seagrass and coral crevices than in mangrove prop roots, whereas the survival of larger juveniles was higher in mangroves and coral patch reefs than in seagrass. These results suggest that mangrove habitats may function as a nursery for juvenile spiny lobsters but that the use of this habitat depends on shelter characteristics and the isolation of islands.
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Alfaro, Andrea C. "Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand". ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, nr 6 (18.05.2010): 1087–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq034.
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Abstract Alfaro, A. C. 2010. Effects of mangrove removal on benthic communities and sediment characteristics at Mangawhai Harbour, northern New Zealand. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1087–1104. The spread of mangroves at many locations in temperate northern New Zealand provides a stark contrast to the well-documented trend in mangrove forest decline recorded through the tropics and subtropics. To explore this difference, improved understanding is needed of New Zealand's mangrove ecosystems and how they respond to anthropogenic disturbance. The effect of mangrove removal on the community ecology of mangrove stands and adjacent habitats was investigated within Mangawhai Estuary, northern New Zealand, between March 2004 and September 2006. The vegetation, benthic macrofauna, and sediments were sampled within habitats (marshgrass, mangrove stands, pneumatophore zones, sandflats, and channels) at a treatment site (mangroves removed) and two undisturbed sites, before and after mangrove-removal activities. Mature mangrove habitats had less total abundance and fewer taxa than all the other habitats sampled and were dominated by pulmonate snails (Amphibola crenata) and mud crabs (Helice crassa). Whereas faunal composition varied seasonally as a result of life-history dynamics, temporal changes could be attributed to mangrove-removal activities. Mangrove eradication was followed by immediate changes in the sediment from a muddy to sandier environment, which favoured an overall increase in the abundance of crabs, snails, and bivalves. However, unexpected topographic catchment reconfigurations in late 2005 may have caused a subsequent increase in the delivery of silt and organic content to the study area and an overall decrease in faunal density in March and September 2006. The study provides direct evidence of the effect of mangroves on sediment and benthic faunal characteristics and the importance of catchment-derived imports to estuarine ecosystems.
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Swain, P., N. Rao i Sanjai Mohan. "New mangrove habitats and additions to the flora of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh, India". Indian Journal of Forestry 31, nr 3 (1.09.2008): 431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2008-29492y.
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This paper deals with two mangrove habitats reported for the first time from the East Coast of Andhra Pradesh. Four mangroves species, four mangrove associates and two Seagrasses are reported here for the first time from these habitats. These species form additions to the flora of Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh.
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Puttileihalat, Maya M. S., A. Tuhumury i J. Ch Hitipeuw. "Keanekaragaman Jenis Satwa Burung di Areal Mangrove Desa Passo Kecamatan Teluk Ambon Baguala Kota Ambon". MAKILA 14, nr 2 (30.12.2020): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/makila.v14i2.2892.
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Mangrove forests have many functions, one of which is a habitat for various water birds and birds. Birds make mangroves a habitat to find food, breed, or just rest. Birds that can be found in mangrove forests can be birds that live and nest in mangrove forests and birds that come from other habitats that only occasionally visit mangroves to find food or rest. The research method used is the Point Count method, where the observation technique is carried out at a point, and the observations are carried out over a certain period. The number of bird species recorded in the mangrove area of Passo Village was 11 species from 9 genera, seven families, and seven orders. The average number of individuals recorded during the research activity was 197 individuals. 72.73% of the composition of bird species in the mangrove area of Passo Village are waterbird species, including four orders from a total of 7 charges, and four families from a total of 7 families, and six genera from a total of 9 genera; while the other 27.27% are terrestrial bird species.
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Pan, Sin-He, Chuan-Wen Ho, Chiao-Wen Lin, Shou-Chung Huang i Hsing-Juh Lin. "Differential Response of Macrobenthic Abundance and Community Composition to Mangrove Vegetation". Forests 12, nr 10 (14.10.2021): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12101403.
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The mass planting of mangroves has been proposed as a mitigation strategy to compensate for mangrove loss. However, the effects of mangrove vegetation on the abundance and community composition of macrobenthos remain controversial. The macrobenthic communities in four intact mangrove forests with different conditions and the adjacent nonvegetated mudflats of two mangrove species with distinct stand structures on the western coast of Taiwan were examined. Some macrobenthic taxa occurred only in the mangroves, suggesting macrobenthic critical habitats. Seasonal shift in community composition was more pronounced in the mudflats than in the mangroves, possibly due to the rich food supply, low temperature, and shelter function provided by mangrove forests. However, crab density was always lower in the mangroves than in the mudflats. There was a negative relationship between the stem density of Kandelia obovata (S., L.) and infaunal density. The pneumatophore density of Avicennia marina (Forsk.) correlated negatively with epifaunal density. Our results show that the response of macrobenthic abundance and community composition to mangrove vegetation was inconsistent. We reason that mangroves are critical habitats for the macrobenthos in the mudflats. However, if mangrove tree density is high, we predict that the macrobenthic density will decrease. This suggests that at some intermediate level of mangrove tree density, where there are enough mangrove trees to harbor a macrobenthic community but not enough trees to significantly reduce this density, mangroves management can be optimally achieved to promote the presence of a diverse and dense macrobenthic community.
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Primavera, J. H. "Mangroves as Nurseries: Shrimp Populations in Mangrove and Non-mangrove Habitats". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 46, nr 3 (marzec 1998): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1997.0275.
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Chu, Ta-Jen, Yi-Jia Shih, Chun-Han Shih, Jia-Qiao Wang, Liang-Min Huang i Shu-Chen Tsai. "Developing a Model to Select Indicator Species Based on Individual Species’ Contributions to Biodiversity". Applied Sciences 12, nr 13 (3.07.2022): 6748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136748.
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In both ecological research and engineering, the selection of indicator species is crucial. Biodiversity has always been an important policy objective for ecologists and environmental managers. Based on this target requirement, we developed a method that reveals the individual contributions of species to biodiversity to quantitatively identify indicator species for selection during environmental monitoring. The Siangshan Wetland in Hsinchu, Taiwan, was selected as an application case. The spread of mangroves not only changed the original habitat composition and function of benthic organisms in wetlands, but also led to problems such as estuary filling, flooding, and black mosquito breeding. Therefore, a large-scale mangrove removal project was undertaken by the Hsinchu City Government from October 2015 to March 2016. In this study, the biological effects of mangrove removal on benthic organisms and adjacent habitats were investigated from October 2015 to September 2016. According to biodiversity contribution algorithms, we identified five indicator species, namely, Mictyris brevidactylus, Macrophthalmus banzai, Uca arcuata, U. lacteal, and U. borealis. These indicator species had the most prominent biodiversity contribution, and they provided direct evidence of the beneficial effect of mangrove removal for wetland restoration. After mangrove deforestation, tidal flat species returned to their original habitats, and their related densities increased significantly in mangrove removal areas. Improving our understanding of the relationships between biodiversity and indicator species is crucial for the development of coastal management processes. Mangrove removal can be confirmed as an appropriate habitat rehabilitation strategy for benthic organisms. Consequently, these indicator species and the results obtained can provide valuable ecological information for those involved in coastal management or other officials seeking to control the spread of mangroves.
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Kellogg, Christina A., Ryan P. Moyer, Mary Jacobsen i Kimberly Yates. "Identifying mangrove-coral habitats in the Florida Keys". PeerJ 8 (24.08.2020): e9776. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9776.
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Coral reefs are degrading due to many synergistic stressors. Recently there have been a number of global reports of corals occupying mangrove habitats that provide a supportive environment or refugium for corals, sheltering them by reducing stressors such as oxidative light stress and low pH. This study used satellite imagery and manual ground-truthing surveys to search for mangrove-coral habitats in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and then collected basic environmental parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pHNBS, turbidity) at identified sites using a multi-parameter water quality sonde. Two kinds of mangrove-coral habitats were found in both the Upper and Lower Florida Keys: (1) prop-root corals, where coral colonies were growing directly on (and around) mangrove prop roots, and (2) channel corals, where coral colonies were growing in mangrove channels under the shade of the mangrove canopy, at deeper depths and not in as close proximity to the mangroves. Coral species found growing on and directly adjacent to prop roots included Porites porites (multiple morphs, including P. divaricata and P. furcata), Siderastrea radians, and Favia fragum. Channel coral habitats predominantly hosted S. radians and a few S. siderea, although single colonies of Solenastrea bournoni and Stephanocoenia intersepta were observed. Although clear, low-turbidity water was a consistent feature of these mangrove-coral habitats, the specific combination of environmental factors that determine which mangrove habitats are favorable for coral recruitment remains to be defined. Circumstantial evidence suggests additional coral communities existed on mangrove shorelines of oceanside and backcountry islands until destroyed, likely by Hurricane Irma. These mangrove-coral habitats may be climate refugia for corals and could be included in ecosystem management plans and considered for their applications in coral restoration.
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Putri, Audina, Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen, Neviaty Putri Zamani, Ummu Salma, Novian Prahandhy Kusuma, Nanda Tiara Diningsih i Sonja Kleinertz. "Mangrove Habitat Structure of Mud Crabs (Scylla serrata and S. olivacea) in the Bee Jay Bakau Resort Probolinggo, Indonesia". ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 27, nr 2 (8.03.2022): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.27.2.124-132.
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Mud crabs (Scylla serrata and S. olivacea) are important fisheries resources, but their population in nature is decreasing due to anthropogenic activities, like the deforestation of mangrove forests. Hence, it is crucial to conserve this marine biota for future sustainable use and to conserve our marine biodiversity. Conducting studies on the biological interactions of mud crabs in mangrove habitats can be one of the future conservation approaches. Accordingly, an analysis of the functional relationships between Scylla spp. abundance and the respective mangrove habitat have to be carried out. The research was conducted in the mangrove ecosystem of Bee Jay Bakau Resort Probolinggo (BJBR). Data were collected using line transects and quadrant transects. The Associations between mangroves and mud crab habitat structures were analyzed using the Correspondence Analysis (CA) method. The results show that the relationship matrix between Scylla spp. and the structure of the mangrove habitat is centered on the F1 and F2 factorial axes (89.22%). S. serrata of all size classes were associated with dense mangroves (≥15 trees per 100m2) and high salinities (3-4 ppt), while S. olivacea has shown to be associated with rare to very dense mangrove systems. It indicates that S. olivacea tends to have a higher adaptation rate than S. serrata in this mangrove system. This study will provide information and recommendation for the conservation management of mud crabs and mangrove ecosystems to conserve marine biodiversity.
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Davy, Lauren E., Colin A. Simpfendorfer i Michelle R. Heupel. "Movement patterns and habitat use of juvenile mangrove whiprays (Himantura granulata)". Marine and Freshwater Research 66, nr 6 (2015): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14028.
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Understanding the extent of movements and space use of animals is necessary to identify vital habitats and better conserve and manage vulnerable species. We used acoustic telemetry to examine movement patterns and habitat use of juvenile mangrove whiprays (Himantura granulata) in an intertidal bay at Orpheus Island, Australia. Thirteen juveniles were acoustically monitored between March and December 2012, and in July 2012, four active tracks were completed. The majority of the acoustically monitored rays remained within the intertidal bay for the entire monitoring period. Tidal changes caused rays to move from the inner-bay mangrove (high tide) habitat to coral reef in the outer bay (low tide). Actively tracked rays moved in a directed way during running tides, remaining in shallow water. During periods of high and low tide, when rays refuged in mangrove or reef habitats, movement was limited and sinuosity was high. In mangrove areas, rays were most commonly observed refuging under or close to mangrove roots, and rarely in open sand areas. Refuging behaviour in mangrove and reef habitats suggested that predation risk may be the predominant factor influencing the movement of small rays. The continuous use of intertidal habitats demonstrates their importance to Himantura granulata.
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Hogan, J. Aaron, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Lukas Lamb-Wotton, Tiffany Troxler i Christopher Baraloto. "Water levels primarily drive variation in photosynthesis and nutrient use of scrub Red Mangroves in the southeastern Florida Everglades". Tree Physiology 42, nr 4 (19.11.2021): 797–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpab151.
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Abstract We investigated how mangrove-island micro-elevation (i.e., habitat: center vs edge) affects tree physiology in a scrub mangrove forest of the southeastern Everglades. We measured leaf gas exchange rates of scrub Rhizophora mangle L. trees monthly during 2019, hypothesizing that CO2 assimilation (Anet) and stomatal conductance (gsw) would decline with increasing water levels and salinity, expecting more considerable differences at mangrove-island edges than centers, where physiological stress is greatest. Water levels varied between 0 and 60 cm from the soil surface, rising during the wet season (May–October) relative to the dry season (November–April). Porewater salinity ranged from 15 to 30 p.p.t., being higher at mangrove-island edges than centers. Anet maximized at 15.1 μmol m−2 s−1, and gsw was typically <0.2 mol m−2 s−1, both of which were greater in the dry than the wet season and greater at island centers than edges, with seasonal variability being roughly equal to variation between habitats. After accounting for season and habitat, water level positively affected Anet in both seasons but did not affect gsw. Our findings suggest that inundation stress (i.e., water level) is the primary driver of variation in leaf gas exchange rates of scrub mangroves in the Florida Everglades, while also constraining Anet more than gsw. The interaction between inundation stress due to permanent flooding and habitat varies with season as physiological stress is alleviated at higher-elevation mangrove-island center habitats during the dry season. Freshwater inflows during the wet season increase water levels and inundation stress at higher-elevation mangrove-island centers, but also potentially alleviate salt and sulfide stress in soils. Thus, habitat heterogeneity leads to differences in nutrient and water acquisition and use between trees growing in island centers versus edges, creating distinct physiological controls on photosynthesis, which likely affect carbon flux dynamics of scrub mangroves in the Everglades.
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Sandoval Londoño, Luis Alejandro, Jenny Leal-Flórez i Juan F. Blanco-Libreros. "Linking mangroves and fish catch: a correlational study in the southern Caribbean Sea (Colombia)". Bulletin of Marine Science 96, nr 3 (1.07.2020): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0022.
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Mangroves provide habitat to a variety of fish species, potentially enhancing fish production in small-scale fisheries. Fish production ecosystem services have been correlated with mangrove area and perimeter in many tropical locations; however, nothing has been published linking small-scale fish catch and mangrove attributes in the southern Caribbean Sea. We correlated environmental variables with experimentally-derived catch per unit effort (CPUE) and richness of fishes in the Colombian southern Caribbean Sea, an area not directly connected with other productive coastal habitats. Concurrently, we measured mangrove attributes (area, perimeter, above-ground carbon), water quality (salinity, total dissolved solids), and water column productivity parameters (chlorophyll a, seston, zooplankton biovolume). Mangrove area and zooplankton biovolume were the main factors influencing fish species richness. Mangrove area was positively correlated with catches for three of the most common fish species in the local artisanal fishery: Ariopsis canteri Acero P, Betancur-R, and Marceniuk, 2017, Mugil incilis Hancock, 1830, and Sciades proops (Valenciennes, 1840), which represent about 22% of the total regional annual catch. Our results suggest causal links between mangrove habitat and fishery production through a mangrove trophic contribution. Ariopsis canteri appears to be a mangrove-dependent species and M. incilis a mangrove- associated species. These results support managing or preserving mangroves in the most extensive areas in the southern Caribbean to sustain small-scale fishery resources used mainly for community sustenance where alternative resources are limited.
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Raditya Ahmad, Rifandi, i Muhammad Fuad. "Vulnerability Assessment of Mangrove Habitat to the Variables of the Oceanography Using CVI Method (Coastal Vulnerability Index) in Trimulyo Mangrove Area, Genuk District, Semarang". E3S Web of Conferences 31 (2018): 08004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183108004.
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Some functions of mangrove areas in coastal ecosystems as a green belt, because mangrove serves as a protector of the beach from the sea waves, as a good habitat for coastal biota and for nutrition supply. Decreased condition or degradation of mangrove habitat caused by several oceanographic factors. Mangrove habitats have some specific characteristics such as salinity, tides, and muddy substrates. Considering the role of mangrove area is very important, it is necessary to study about the potential of mangrove habitat so that the habitat level of mangrove habitat in the east coast of Semarang city is known. The purpose of this research is to obtain an index and condition of habitat of mangrove habitat at location of research based on tidal, salinity, substrate type, coastline change. Observation by using purposive method and calculation of habitat index value of mangrove habitat using CVI (Coastal Vulnerability Index) method with scores divided into 3 groups namely low, medium and high. The results showed that there is a zone of research belonging to the medium vulnerability category with the most influential variables is because there is abrasion that sweeps the mangrove substrate. Trimulyo mangrove habitat has high vulnerable variable of tidal frequency, then based on value variable Salinity is categorized as low vulnerability, whereas for mangrove habitat vulnerability based on variable type of substrate belong to low and medium vulnerability category. The CVI values of mangrove habitats divided into zones 1; 2; and 3 were found to varying values of 1.54; 3.79; 1.09, it indicates that there is a zone with the vulnerability of mangrove habitat at the study site belonging to low and medium vulnerability category.
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GINANTRA, I. Ketut, I. Ketut MUKSIN, Martin JONI i Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma YUNI. "Bird Diversity as a Support of Ecotourism Activities in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Lembongan Island Bali". Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 13, nr 7 (2.12.2022): 1840. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v13.7(63).04.
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Research has been carried out on bird diversity to support ecotourism attractions in the mangrove area of Lembongan Island. The research was conducted in April - August 2021. The focus of this research is the identification, description of bird species and the use of habitats for bird activities. To achieve this goal, the following steps were taken: Identification of bird species based on morphological characteristics, determining the abundance of bird species using the point count method, determining bird activity at each ecosystem site of mangroves with ad libitum sampling method. Bird species diversity was determined by the Shannon-Wiener index. The results of the study found 32 species of birds belonging to 26 families. Most of the birds found were terrestrial birds with 21 species, and water birds (shore birds) with 11 species. Overall, the diversity of bird species in the mangrove ecosystem is in the high category (diversity index 3.03) and the species evenness index is high (evenness index 0.87). The types of vegetation used by birds at the 7 research sites were mangrove vegetation, mangrove associations and dry land vegetation. The presence of birds, bird conservation status, bird activities, habitat use by birds in mangrove habitats are attractive attractions for ecotourism.
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Ringler, David, Nicolas Guillerault, Mickaël Baumann, Martin Cagnato i James C. Russell. "Rodenticide baiting black rats (Rattus rattus) in mangrove habitats". Wildlife Research 48, nr 6 (2021): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr20178.
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ContextMangroves and intertidal habitats have been identified as particularly challenging environments for bait application within both tropical and temperate environments, because bait applied to areas that are tidally inundated could degrade rapidly or become inaccessible to rats. AimsTo determine rat density, ranging behaviour and probability of detection using different monitoring devices; additionally, to determine the availability (persistence, durability and uptake) of rodenticide baits within tidally inundated mangrove habitats. MethodsThe population biology of black rats (Rattus rattus) was studied in two contrasting mangrove habitats on Europa Island, and spatially explicit mark–recapture studies were performed to estimate densities and activity of rats. A series of bait availability trials was conducted to determine the durability of rodenticide baits on the ground and uptake in the canopy (‘bait bolas’). Key resultsBlack rats were found to be abundant in mangrove, and despite daily tidal inundation, still maintained ranging behaviour consistent with rats in adjacent terrestrial habitats. Larger rodenticide bait blocks remained within tidally inundated habitat throughout tidal cycles and were available and remained palatable to rats for at least three consecutive nights, although strong bait competition occurred with crabs. Bait bolas were available in mangrove canopy exclusively to rats and consumption commenced on the first night. ConclusionsThe results provide evidence that mangrove habitats are an important habitat for rats, but the biology of rats in these habitats does not meaningfully differ from adjacent terrestrial habitats. With the use of larger rodenticide blocks, tidal inundation does not affect bait availability, but crabs remain a major competitor for these baits. Alternatively, the present study revealed that bait bolas limit bait access to rats alone. Development as an aerial eradication technology should be also recommended. ImplicationsThese results provide a proof of concept that eradication of rats from tidally inundated habitats such as mangrove should be possible with only small modifications to current best practice.
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McGregor, Steven, i Nadine A. Strydom. "The abundance, diversity and distribution of small fishes in mangrove and non-mangrove estuaries in warm temperate South Africa". Scientia Marina 82, nr 2 (6.07.2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04744.31a.
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Mangroves in tropical and subtropical regions have been well documented in terms of the advantages they provide and their role in structuring ichthyofaunal assemblages, but little is known about their warm temperate counterparts. The study aimed to investigate the importance of warm temperate mangroves by comparing the abundance, diversity and distribution of small fishes in mangrove and non-mangrove estuaries in warm temperate South Africa. A 50x2 m (12-mm mesh) seine net was used over three summer seasons to sample small fishes in the Gonubie, Qora, Nahoon and Xhora estuaries (the latter two being mangrove estuaries). Fish abundance and diversity showed little variation among estuaries, despite the presence of mangroves. Estuaries in warm temperate areas are not only at the edge of mangrove distribution, but also offer alternative habitats which lend similar advantages to fish survival. It appears that warm temperate ichthyofauna have not yet evolved a dependence on mangrove systems in terms of the food, refuge and other ecological services they provide. Understanding the function of habitats and their value in enhancing fish survival in estuarine nursery areas is essential for fish conservation.
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Lord-Boring, Christine, Ian J. Zelo i Zachary J. Nixon. "Abandoned Vessels: Impacts to Coral Reefs, Seagrass, and Mangroves in the U.S. Caribbean and Pacific Territories with Implications for Removal". Marine Technology Society Journal 38, nr 3 (1.09.2004): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533204787511327.
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The NOAA Abandoned Vessel Program (AVP) surveyed a subset of known abandoned/derelict vessels in sensitive habitats in 2002/2003 in U.S. territories in the Caribbean and Pacific. Vessels were surveyed to determine current and potential impacts to benthic environments, particularly coral reef, seagrass, and mangrove habitats, and for potential navigational, pollution, and public safety hazards. In all, 180 vessels were surveyed, and the range of potential environmental implications varied. The majority of vessels surveyed in reef habitats were aground on hardbottom with low relief and low percent coral cover, and therefore were not considered to be producing substantial environmental impacts. The few vessels that were aground on or near higher quality habitat and/or had extensive debris fields were of very high concern to the AVP and local managing agencies. If the potential impact of these vessels is not addressed, further injury to surrounding habitats is likely. Damage to seagrass habitats also varied widely, but those vessels causing active erosion to seagrass beds, particularly when moved during storms, should also be considered a priority for removal. Damage to mangroves were typically less substantial than to coral reefs and seagrass, but the cumulative impacts of clustered vessels that have grounded during storms in sheltered, mangrove-lined habitats should be addressed.
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Henderson, Christopher J., Ben L. Gilby, Edward Stone, Hayden P. Borland i Andrew D. Olds. "Seascape heterogeneity modifies estuarine fish assemblages in mangrove forests". ICES Journal of Marine Science 78, nr 3 (12.02.2021): 1108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab022.
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Abstract Mangroves are a dominant structural habitat within tropical and subtropical estuaries that provide a number of ecosystem services, including habitat for a range of crustaceans and fish. However, mangroves are one of the most threatened estuarine habitats globally, having been severely reduced in extent, and replaced by urban structures. Here, we test for the effects of both natural (e.g. seagrass, rock and mangroves habitat extent, and connectivity) and human (e.g. extent of urban area) landscape variables on the number and type of fish inhabiting mangroves forests. We used remote underwater video stations to quantify fish assemblages within mangroves at 150 sites in 30 estuaries across Queensland, Australia. Fish community structure was best explained by the extent of mangroves and seagrasses within an estuary, the distance to the estuary mouth, and the size of the estuary and catchment. Moderate catchment size and proximity to the estuary mouth increased species richness and abundance of harvestable fish at individual mangrove sites. In order to maintain mangrove fish assemblages and the functions they provide, management initiatives should focus on maintaining natural estuarine seascapes that are located closer to the mouth of estuaries, in particular, focusing on estuaries that have lower levels of catchment urbanization.
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Yates, K. K., C. S. Rogers, J. J. Herlan, G. R. Brooks, N. A. Smiley i R. A. Larson. "Mangrove habitats provide refuge from climate change for reef-building corals". Biogeosciences Discussions 11, nr 3 (31.03.2014): 5053–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-5053-2014.
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Abstract. Risk analyses indicate that more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by climate change and local anthropogenic impacts by the year 2030 under "business as usual" climate scenarios. Increasing temperatures and solar radiation cause coral bleaching that has resulted in extensive coral mortality. Increasing carbon dioxide reduces seawater pH, slows coral growth, and may cause loss of reef structure. Management strategies include establishment of marine protected areas with environmental conditions that promote reef resiliency. However, few resilient reefs have been identified, and resiliency factors are poorly defined. Here we characterize the first natural, non-reef, coral refuge from thermal stress and ocean acidification and identify resiliency factors for mangrove–coral habitats. We measured diurnal and seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and seawater chemistry; characterized substrate parameters; and examined water circulation patterns in mangrove communities where scleractinian corals are growing attached to and under mangrove prop roots in Hurricane Hole, St. John, US Virgin Islands. Additionally, we inventoried the coral species and quantified incidences of coral bleaching, mortality and recovery for two major reef-building corals, Colpophyllia natans and Diploria labyrinthiformis, growing in mangrove shaded and exposed (unshaded) areas. At least 33 species of scleractinian corals were growing in association with mangroves. Corals were thriving in low-light (more than 70% attenuation of incident PAR) from mangrove shading and at higher temperatures than nearby reef tract corals. A higher percentage of C. natans colonies was living shaded by mangroves, and no shaded colonies bleached. Fewer D. labyrinthiformis colonies were shaded by mangroves, however more unshaded colonies bleached. A combination of substrate and habitat heterogeniety, proximity of different habitat types, hydrographic conditions, and biological influences on seawater chemistry generate chemical conditions that buffer against ocean acidification. This previously undocumented refuge for corals provides evidence for adaptation of coastal organisms and ecosystem transition due to recent climate change. Identifying and protecting other natural, non-reef coral refuges is critical for sustaining corals and other reef species into the future.
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Sandoval, LA, JE Mancera-Pineda, J. Leal-Flórez, JF Blanco-Libreros i A. Delgado-Huertas. "Mangrove carbon sustains artisanal fish and other estuarine consumers in a major mangrove area of the southern Caribbean Sea". Marine Ecology Progress Series 681 (6.01.2022): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13910.
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Estuaries are highly productive habitats that support fisheries production. However, the importance of mangrove carbon to estuarine consumers can differ considerably among systems. In this study, we used stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) to investigate the importance of mangrove carbon as an energy source to estuarine consumers in the Atrato River Delta, Colombia, an area where fringing mangroves dominate the coastline and where other productive coastal habitats that may otherwise support the food web are absent. Basal resources and consumers were collected from mangrove and nearshore habitats during the rainy season. Results revealed a food web with a maximum length of 4.6 trophic positions. Bayesian mixing models indicated that most consumers used a mixture of basal sources, which suggests intertwined energetic pathways. However, mixing models also indicated that some species relied more heavily on some basal sources than others and revealed trophic pathways (food chains). Mangrove carbon directly supported herbivorous crabs (Sesarmidae) and indirectly supported planktivorous fish (Engraulidae) and piscivorous fish. Mangrove carbon also contributed significantly to the diet of 2 of the most common fish species in the local artisanal fishery: Centropomus undecimalis (mean: 46%; credibility interval [CI]: 1-80%) and C. pectinatus (mean: 33%; CI: 1-78%). Our findings highlight that mangrove carbon can be an important food source in areas without other productive coastal habitats and can play an important role in sustaining the production of fisheries.
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Bulmer, R. H., L. Schwendenmann i C. J. Lundquist. "Sediment CO<sub>2</sub> efflux from cleared and intact temperate mangroves and tidal flats". Biogeosciences Discussions 12, nr 4 (25.02.2015): 3547–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-3547-2015.
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Abstract. Temperate mangroves in Southern Australia and New Zealand have been increasing in area over the past 50 years, whereas tropical mangroves have declined by 30–50% over a similar time frame. Tropical mangroves are understood to be an important carbon sink and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions following clearance are estimated to be comparable or greater than CO2 emissions following the clearance of many terrestrial forest systems. Recreational and amenity values or perceived loss of other estuarine habitats due to expanding temperate mangrove forests have resulted in clearing of temperate mangroves. In this study, we investigated the impact of temperate mangrove clearance on CO2 efflux from the sediment to the atmosphere along with a range of other biotic and abiotic factors. Significantly higher CO2 efflux rates were measured in cleared (1.34 ± 0.46 μmol m2 s-1) and intact mangrove sites (2.31 ± 0.72 μmol m2 s-1) than in tidal flats (-0.23 ± 0.27 μmol m2 s-1). Site and sediment characteristics such as sediment carbon and nitrogen concentration, chlorophyll α concentration, grain size, mangrove height, macrofaunal abundance, sediment temperature and moisture were strongly correlated with sediment CO2 efflux. Our results suggest that carbon stored within temperate mangrove sediment is released over a period of years to decades after mangrove clearance. CO2 efflux from intact and cleared temperate mangroves was found to be comparable to rates observed in the tropics. Disturbance of the surface biofilm resulted in elevated CO2 efflux across all habitats, suggesting the important role of surface biofilm communities in mediating CO2 efflux.
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Salmo, Severino G., i John Charles A. Altomonte. "Inferences on the role of coral bleaching or seasonality on cross-habitat movement of nekton assemblages in adjacent coral reef, seagrass, and mangrove habitats". Bulletin of Marine Science 96, nr 3 (1.07.2020): 431–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2019.0024.
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We investigated shifts in nekton assemblages in coral reef, seagrass, and mangrove habitats that coincided with a coral bleaching event in June 2016. The study was conducted in May 2016 (prebleaching), July 2016 (bleaching), October 2016 (4-mo postbleaching), and February 2017 (7-mo postbleaching) in relatively undisturbed coastal areas in Busuanga, Palawan, western Philippines. We used triangular trap nets to capture nekton samples from each habitat. In coral reef and mangrove habitats, there were increases in nekton abundance and biomass from the prebleaching to the bleaching period. After the bleaching event, however, there were reductions in nekton abundance and biomass at the coral reefs until 7-mo postbleaching. Species composition changed at all sites where shifts in dominant species, habitat affinity, and trophic category were observed. The postbleaching increase in nekton abundance in mangroves coincided with the decreased nekton abundance in the coral reef, suggesting a cross-habitat movement, likely due to the reduced suitability and/or food in the bleached coral reef. The changes in the nekton assemblage may also have been due to seasonal fluctuations in environmental parameters, especially salinity. Our study presents evidence of the possible role of coral bleaching or seasonal changes on cross-habitat movements of nekton assemblages, which can be inferred as an indicator of disturbance. The presence of adjacent vegetated habitats may provide refuge for the affected nekton assemblage of the coral reef.
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Lumban Tobing, Atia Nadira, Sri Darmanti, Endah Dwi Hastuti i Munifatul Izzati. "Anatomical Adaptation of Grey Mangrove (Avicennia marina) Leaf in the Pond and Coast Located in Mangunharjo, Semarang, Central Java". Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 14, nr 1 (6.04.2022): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v14i1.29828.
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Mangrove is a brackish plant that can live in habitats with extreme environmental conditions. For instance, the grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) is a mangrove species that can adapt anatomically in habitats with a wide range of salinity, such as ponds and coasts. This study examines the forms of anatomical adaptation of A. marina by comparing the anatomical structure of A. marina leaves that live in two different habitats, namely pond, and coast in the Mangunharjo area, Semarang, Central Java. The third leaf from the tip of the tree branches was used as samples and taken from three different trees in each habitat. Cross-section prepared microscope slides of the leaves were made using the embedding method and observed using a photomicrograph. The quantitative data were analyzed using the T-test at a 90% confidence level, while the qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that different environmental conditions do not cause differences in the anatomy of A. marina leaves, but there are some histological modifications as a form of adaptation. These modifications are differences in the thickness of the cuticle, adaxial epidermis, parenchymal palisade tissue, spongy parenchyma, and the number of xylem cells in one vascular bundle. This research might initiate more advanced studies regarding the correlation between mangroves’ anatomical structure and anatomical adaptation towards diverse environmental conditions. The results of this study are expected to provide information about the anatomical structure of A. marina leaves that live in two habitats with different environmental conditions.
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Yates, K. K., C. S. Rogers, J. J. Herlan, G. R. Brooks, N. A. Smiley i R. A. Larson. "Diverse coral communities in mangrove habitats suggest a novel refuge from climate change". Biogeosciences 11, nr 16 (19.08.2014): 4321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-4321-2014.
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Abstract. Risk analyses indicate that more than 90% of the world's reefs will be threatened by climate change and local anthropogenic impacts by the year 2030 under "business-as-usual" climate scenarios. Increasing temperatures and solar radiation cause coral bleaching that has resulted in extensive coral mortality. Increasing carbon dioxide reduces seawater pH, slows coral growth, and may cause loss of reef structure. Management strategies include establishment of marine protected areas with environmental conditions that promote reef resiliency. However, few resilient reefs have been identified, and resiliency factors are poorly defined. Here we characterize the first natural, non-reef coral refuge from thermal stress and ocean acidification and identify resiliency factors for mangrove–coral habitats. We measured diurnal and seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and seawater chemistry; characterized substrate parameters; and examined water circulation patterns in mangrove communities where scleractinian corals are growing attached to and under mangrove prop roots in Hurricane Hole, St. John, US Virgin Islands. Additionally, we inventoried the coral species and quantified incidences of coral bleaching, mortality, and recovery for two major reef-building corals, Colpophyllia natans and Diploria labyrinthiformis, growing in mangrove-shaded and exposed (unshaded) areas. Over 30 species of scleractinian corals were growing in association with mangroves. Corals were thriving in low-light (more than 70% attenuation of incident PAR) from mangrove shading and at higher temperatures than nearby reef tract corals. A higher percentage of C. natans colonies were living shaded by mangroves, and no shaded colonies were bleached. Fewer D. labyrinthiformis colonies were shaded by mangroves, however more unshaded colonies were bleached. A combination of substrate and habitat heterogeneity, proximity of different habitat types, hydrographic conditions, and biological influences on seawater chemistry generate chemical conditions that buffer against ocean acidification. This previously undocumented refuge for corals provides evidence for adaptation of coastal organisms and ecosystem transition due to recent climate change. Identifying and protecting other natural, non-reef coral refuges is critical for sustaining corals and other reef species into the future.
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Malichatin, Nur, Husain Latuconsina i Hasan Zayadi. "Community structure of the Fiddler Crab (<i>Uca</i> spp.) at Bahak Indah Beach, Tongas, Probolinggo – East Java". Akuatikisle: Jurnal Akuakultur, Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil 6, nr 2 (20.11.2022): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.29239/j.akuatikisle.6.2.135-140.
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The fiddler crab (Uca spp.) is a type of animal belonging to the crustacean group that lives on the coast of Bahak Indah, Tongas, Probolinggo. The high level of anthropogenic activity on the beach of Bahak Indah makes the fiddler crab community increasingly depressed and its habitat decreasing. The purpose of this study was to compare the community structure of fiddler crabs at Bahak Beach, Tongas, Probolinggo. The study was conducted in January – February 2022. The determination of observation stations was purposive based on the consideration of the presence and absence of mangrove vegetation. Sampling of fiddler crabs used a systematic sampling method using transects and plots. Community structure data analysis includes diversity, uniformity, and dominance indices displayed in graphical form. Based on the results of the study found 4 types of fiddler crabs in Bahak Indah Beach, namely Uca cryptica, Uca perplexa, Uca coarctata, and Uca dussumieri. The value of diversity on the beach with mangrove habitat is in the medium category, while on the beach habitat without mangrove vegetation it is in the low category. The uniformity value obtained in mangrove habitats is in the high category, while in coastal habitats without mangrove vegetation it is found in the medium category. On the other hand, the dominance index value is in the low category in coastal habitats with mangrove vegetation, and the moderate category in coastal habitats without mangrove vegetation. The relationship between the Diversity (H') of the fiddler crab and the environmental conditions of the Bahak Indah Beach waters is that it has a positive correlation with water pH parameters with sufficient correlation and soil pH with a strong correlation. While the correlation with temperature parameters is strong but negative. Likewise, salinity is quite strong but negative.
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Sweetman, A. K., J. J. Middelburg, A. M. Berle, A. F. Bernardino, C. Schander, A. W. J. Demopoulos i C. R. Smith. "Impacts of exotic mangrove forests and mangrove deforestation on carbon remineralization and ecosystem functioning in marine sediments". Biogeosciences Discussions 7, nr 2 (9.04.2010): 2631–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-7-2631-2010.
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Abstract. To evaluate how mangrove invasion and removal can modify benthic carbon cycling processes and ecosystem functioning, we used stable-isotopically labelled algae as a deliberate tracer to quantify benthic respiration and C-flow through macrofauna and bacteria in sediments collected from (1) an invasive mangrove forest, (2) deforested mangrove sites 2 and 6 years after removal of above-sediment mangrove biomass, and (3) two mangrove-free, control sites in the Hawaiian coastal zone. Sediment oxygen consumption (SOC) rates were significantly greater in the mangrove and mangrove removal site experiments than in controls and were significantly correlated with total benthic (macrofauna and bacteria) biomass and sedimentary mangrove biomass (SMB). Bacteria dominated short-term C-processing of added microalgal-C and benthic biomass in sediments from the invasive mangrove forest habitat. In contrast, macrofauna were the most important agents in the short-term processing of microalgal-C in sediments from the mangrove removal and control sites. Mean faunal abundance and short term C-uptake rates in sediments from both removal sites were significantly higher than in control cores, which collectively suggest that community structure and short-term C-cycling dynamics in habitats where mangroves have been cleared can remain fundamentally different from un-invaded mudflat sediments for at least 6-yrs following above-sediment mangrove removal. In summary, invasion by mangroves can lead to large shifts in benthic ecosystem function, with sediment metabolism, benthic community structure and short-term C-remineralization dynamics being affected for years following invader removal.
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Abdullah, Abdullah, Intan Zahara i Gaius Wilson. "The preliminary study on feeding behavior of male and female little egret (Egretta garzetta) in mangrove and rice field habitats based on peck frequency". Aceh Journal of Animal Science 1, nr 1 (15.06.2016): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/ajas.1.1.4143.
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The objective of the present study was to study the differences in feeding behavior from peck frequency and type of diets, between male and female little egret (Egretta garzetta) in two different habitats, mangrove and rice fields of Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia. Focal animal sampling was used to study the feeding behavior of randomly selected birds from 07.00 AM to 06.00 PM in July 2015. Statistical analysis was conducted using t-test to test for differences between male and female peck frequency and habitats. For the combined data of both males and females, the average peck frequency of little egret (E. garzetta) observed in the mangrove and rice fields was 238.8 and 226.2 respectively. Male E. garzetta peck frequency observed was 240 pecks in mangrove habitat while female peck frequency was 225 pecks in rice field habitat. The results of our study showed that there is a significant difference in the peck frequency of little egrets observed in the two habitats (mangrove and rice fields) and between male and female E. garzetta.
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Pereira, Pedro Henrique Cipresso, Marcus Vinicius Bezerra dos Santos, Daniel Lino Lippi, Pedro Henrique de Paula Silva i Breno Barros. "Difference in the trophic structure of fish communities between artificial and natural habitats in a tropical estuary". Marine and Freshwater Research 68, nr 3 (2017): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf15326.
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The present study tested the hypothesis that artificial habitats (pier and bridge) harbour different fish trophic guilds compared with natural habitats (mangrove roots) and that the trophic structure of fish communities on estuarine artificial habitats resembles adjacent coral reefs. High-definition cameras were used to survey the fish community associated with the different structures over a 6-month period. Benthos was also analysed following the point intercept method on the different habitats. In the estuary, fish abundance was up to threefold higher and species richness twofold higher on artificial structures compared with the natural habitat. Mangrove roots were mainly inhabited by juvenile carnivores, whereas the pier and bridge were mostly inhabited by sessile invertebrate feeders and roving herbivores. A less diverse benthic community was found on mangrove roots, mostly composed of mud and algae. In contrast, benthos at the bridge and pier was more diverse and dominated by sponges, octocorals and oysters. In addition, fish trophic structure from an adjacent coral reef area showed more than 60% similarity with the fish community on the artificial structures surveyed. The results of the present study indicate that artificial hard structures support unique fish communities compared with natural estuarine mangrove habitats.
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Lisdiana, Lisa, Afrida Amaliah, Rifda, Reni Ambarwati, Nur Ducha, Widowati Budijastuti i Fida Rachmadiarti. "Diversity of Soil Bacteria Communities: A Case Study in Wonorejo Mangrove". MATEC Web of Conferences 372 (2022): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202237203006.
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Mangrove habitats are found in coastal areas and have unique environmental conditions. The mangrove habitat contains abundant and various microbial resources, which play critical roles in mangrove ecosystem maintenance and function. One of the intriguing mangrove habitats to study is the Wonorejo Mangrove, Surabaya. In this current research, the abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in four areas of Wonorejo Mangrove, Surabaya, were determined. The four areas of interest included mangrove by the river with a jogging track (station 1), mangrove by the river without a jogging track (station 2), mangrove in the estuary (station 3), and mangrove in the pond (station 4). Soil samples were collected from the four stations, then the abundance of bacteria was determined by using the Standard Plate Count method. The bacterial colonies that grew from each sample were then listed and characterized based on their colony morphology. The results indicated that the highest abundance was at station 4 with the number of bacteria at 1.83x107 CFU/ml, while the lowest abundance was at station 1 with 5.3x 104 CFU/ml. The structure of bacterial communities of each station was varied. Nevertheless, one of the isolates, namely isolates TS1.1 can be observed in all of the samples. We can conclude that the abundance and the diversity of bacterial communities are affected by environmental factors. This research further deepens our understanding of the bacterial dynamics in Wonorejo mangrove habitats.
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Peng, Dan, Yihui Zhang, Jiayu Wang i Steven Charles Pennings. "The Opposite of Biotic Resistance: Herbivory and Competition Suppress Regeneration of Native but Not Introduced Mangroves in Southern China". Forests 13, nr 2 (26.01.2022): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020192.
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Mangrove forests are increasingly threatened by plant invasions worldwide, but some mangrove species are invasive and threaten salt marsh and native mangrove ecosystems. The southern coast of China is invaded by the cordgrass Spartina alterniflora, and the mangrove Sonneratia apetala, providing a model system for studying the processes and mechanisms through which non-native species establish and spread. We used a transplant experiment to test the overarching hypothesis that native herbivores and plants provided biotic resistance against invasion by S. apetala, and that the importance of these factors would vary geographically. Survival of transplanted mangrove seedlings was lower in Zhangjiang Estuary (23°55′ N) than in Leizhou Bay (20°56′ N), and varied with species and habitats. S. apetala had higher survival and growth rates than native mangroves at both sites, and S. apetala grew taller than the S. alterniflora canopy at Leizhou Bay in only two growing seasons. In contrast, native mangroves grew poorly in S. alterniflora. Grazing by rodents and insects suppressed the growth and survival of Kandelia obovata and Avicennia marina in Zhangjiang Estuary and Leizhou Bay, but had little effect on S. apetala. Competition with vegetation (S. alterniflora and native mangroves) exacerbated the reduced survival of native mangroves, and these effects varied across study sites. Low survival of non-native S. apetala in vegetated habitats at Zhangjiang Estuary was likely due to a synergistic effect of low winter temperatures and low light intensity. Escape from herbivory (the opposite to biotic resistance) and fast growth may drive the quick expansion of non-native S. apetala in China. Rapid encroachment of S. apetala may transform the native mangrove forests and monospecific intertidal Spartina grasslands into non-native mangrove forests in the southern coast of China.
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Sweetman, A. K., J. J. Middelburg, A. M. Berle, A. F. Bernardino, C. Schander, A. W. J. Demopoulos i C. R. Smith. "Impacts of exotic mangrove forests and mangrove deforestation on carbon remineralization and ecosystem functioning in marine sediments". Biogeosciences 7, nr 7 (8.07.2010): 2129–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-2129-2010.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. To evaluate how mangrove invasion and removal can modify short-term benthic carbon cycling and ecosystem functioning, we used stable-isotopically labeled algae as a deliberate tracer to quantify benthic respiration and C-flow over 48 h through macrofauna and bacteria in sediments collected from (1) an invasive mangrove forest, (2) deforested mangrove sites 2 and 6 years after removal of above-sediment mangrove biomass, and (3) two mangrove-free control sites in the Hawaiian coastal zone. Sediment oxygen consumption (SOC) rates averaged over each 48 h investigation were significantly greater in the mangrove and mangrove removal site experiments than in controls and were significantly correlated with total benthic (macrofauna and bacteria) biomass and sedimentary mangrove biomass (SMB). Bacteria dominated short-term C-processing of added microalgal-C and benthic biomass in sediments from the invasive mangrove forest habitat and in the 6-yr removal site. In contrast, macrofauna were the most important agents in the short-term processing of microalgal-C in sediments from the 2-yr mangrove removal site and control sites. However, mean faunal abundance and C-uptake rates in sediments from both removal sites were significantly higher than in control cores, which collectively suggest that community structure and short-term C-cycling dynamics of sediments in habitats where mangroves have been cleared can remain fundamentally different from un-invaded mudflat sediments for at least 6-yrs following above-sediment mangrove removal. In summary, invasion by mangroves can lead to dramatic shifts in benthic ecosystem function, with sediment metabolism, benthic community structure and short-term C-remineralization dynamics being affected for years following invader removal.
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Barik, Jyotiskona, i Soumyajit Chowdhury. "True mangrove species of Sundarbans Delta, West Bengal, eastern India". Check List 10, nr 2 (1.05.2014): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/10.2.329.
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Varied opinions exist as to the species composition and ecological distinction of mangrove habitats of the Indian Sundarbans. Furthermore, distinction of true or major mangroves from mangrove-associate and minor species was left unresolved by past authors. The present study thus aimed to revise a species list of true mangroves in the Indian Sundarbans delta. An indexing of adaptive morpho-physiological characters of mangroves for the tidal-saline environment was conducted. The analysis illustrated 24 species of true mangroves in Indian Sundarbans, belonging to nine families. Of these, Rhizophoraceae showed maximum richness at each of the generic and specific categories assessed. The current study has highlighted the taxonomic richness and status of true mangrove from Indian Sundarbans, resolving the long debated distinction of true from minor and associate mangroves.
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Quang Le, Dung, Siau Yin Fui, Kentaro Tanaka, Suhaimi Suratman, Yuji Sano i Kotaro Shirai. "Feeding habitats of juvenile reef fishes in a tropical mangrove–seagrass continuum along a Malaysian shallow-water coastal lagoon". Bulletin of Marine Science 96, nr 3 (1.07.2020): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2018.0093.
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We conducted stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) and gut content analyses to understand habitat use of juvenile reef fishes (Lethrinus lentjan, Lutjanus russellii, and Epinephelus coioides), particularly the influence of spatial habitat structure along seagrass–mangrove continua. Sampling was conducted in Setiu Lagoon, located in the southern waters of the South China Sea (Malaysia). Gut content analysis indicated that the focal fishes preyed mainly on benthic invertebrates and other smaller fishes; these were used as potential prey items for isotopic tracers to track fish habitat use. Stable isotope analyses highlighted that the juvenile reef fishes were highly associated with seagrass beds as feeding grounds; however, site-specific analyses suggest differences in fish feeding habitats. The juvenile fishes, particularly large juveniles, preyed in both mangrove and seagrass areas from the central lagoon, whereas all juveniles showed preferential foraging within seagrass meadows in the nearby lagoon mouth. Furthermore, the mean stable isotope values of muscle tissue differed among fish size classes, indicating their ontogenetic habitat/diet shifts, especially for L. lentjan and E. coioides. This study provides important information to support current efforts in protecting and preserving mangroves and seagrasses as crucial nursery habitats for juvenile reef fishes from the anthropogenic activities influencing Setiu Lagoon.
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Khan, Mst Mansura, i Mohammad Sadequr Rahman Khan. "Shore to landward transect burrow diversity of fiddler crab in a tropical intertidal coast of Chittagong in Bangladesh". Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 4, nr 2 (27.08.2017): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v4i2.33725.
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Burrows indicate the abundance and distribution of fiddler crab in an intertidal coast that varies with structure and morphology within intertidal habitats. We observed fiddler crab burrow density and characters (burrow length, depth, diameter and volume) within randomly selected six 1m2 quadrate from three intertidal habitats: higher saltmarsh, mangrove pool (a small ditch distributed within mangrove) and mangrove land through field surveys in a coast of Chittagong, Bangladesh. Burrows were observed and counted for density estimation, and burrow characteristics were studied through excavating 10 representative burrows from each quadrate of each habitat. Spearman correlation was used to relate between the distances (from shore towards land) and burrow characters. Transect starting from saltmarsh as base towards mangrove land showed burrow density decreased from shore to higher intertidal habitat. Simultaneously, higher burrow length and diameter were observed landward and contrariwise shoreward. Burrow prevalence in mangrove pools represents fiddler crabs are abundant within land and shore interface presumably due to the dual privilege of easy burrowing and moist condition required for gill ventilation.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.4(2): 131-140, August 2017