Artykuły w czasopismach: „Male sheep”

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Franz, S., A. M. Dadak, G. Schoffmann, J. L. Khol, W. Baumgartner i G. Dupre. "Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy: an experimental study in male sheep". Veterinární Medicína 54, No. 8 (22.09.2009): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/106/2009-vetmed.

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Aim: To describe a technique of laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy in male sheep. Experimental animals: five healthy male sheep aged approximately nine months (mean weight: 39.6 ± 1.51 kg). Laparoscopy was performed on sheep placed under general anaesthesia in dorsal recumbency. A 10-mm laparoscope was inserted through the right paramedian region between the xiphoid and preputial orifice. After creation of a capnoperitoneum, grasping forceps were inserted through the left paramedian region close to the last pair of teats. The urinary bladder was elevated using grasping forceps and exteriorized through an abdominal incision. The bladder was opened extracorporeally, lavaged, closed, and then repositioned. A pigtail balloon catheter was subsequently inserted percutaneously under laparoscopic control and removed ten days later. A repeat laparoscopy was performed at 14 days after the first procedure to assess gross pathological changes. Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy was successfully performed on all sheep. In one sheep, both the ventral and dorsal bladder walls were inadvertently perforated when placing the urinary catheter. The postoperative course was favourable: all sheep had a good appetite and showed no pathological findings during physical examination. During the repeat laparoscopy, it was observed that one sheep had developed a focal adhesion of the parietal peritoneum to the bladder catheter portal site. Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy with catheter implantation is shown to be feasible in male sheep. This technique may be useful for removal of uroliths in patients suffering from obstructive urolithiasis opening the urinary bladder and for performing urinary diversion.

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Suwarta, F. X. "Analisis Pemasaran Domba dari Tingkat Peternak Sampai Penjual Sate di Kabupaten Sleman". Sains Peternakan 7, nr 1 (27.10.2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.7.1.25-29.

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This aim of this research was to study marketing chain of sheeps from farmer, trader and satay seller and to study cost of marketing at each of instituted marketing and the revenue of farmer, trader and satay seller in Sleman regency, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted using a survey method. The respondents from sheep farmer, sheep trader and satay seller were 107, 37 and 64, respectively. Data were analyzed descriptively. The cost efficiency of marketing system was analyzed for marketing cost, margin, farmer’s share, market competition and profitability. The result showed that the most efficient of the distribution of the sheep marketing was from sheep, farmer, sheep trader and consumer. Margin analyzed showed that male sheep contributed larger margin than female sheep (19.78: 19.14%). The farmer share for sheep marketing revealed that female sheep contributed 80.85% while male sheep 80.21%. Coefficiency of market competition showed that sheep farmer had higher coefficiency competition than sheep trader both to female and male. Sheep farmer had higher net profit margin (NPM) level but had lower operating ratio level. Satay seller had lower NPM and higher operating ratio level. Key words : sheep, marketing, efficiency of marketing

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Suwarta, F. X. "Analisis Pemasaran Domba dari Tingkat Peternak Sampai Penjual Sate di Kabupaten Sleman". Sains Peternakan 7, nr 1 (27.10.2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sainspet.v7i1.1012.

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This aim of this research was to study marketing chain of sheeps from farmer, trader and satay seller and to study cost of marketing at each of instituted marketing and the revenue of farmer, trader and satay seller in Sleman regency, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted using a survey method. The respondents from sheep farmer, sheep trader and satay seller were 107, 37 and 64, respectively. Data were analyzed descriptively. The cost efficiency of marketing system was analyzed for marketing cost, margin, farmer’s share, market competition and profitability. The result showed that the most efficient of the distribution of the sheep marketing was from sheep, farmer, sheep trader and consumer. Margin analyzed showed that male sheep contributed larger margin than female sheep (19.78: 19.14%). The farmer share for sheep marketing revealed that female sheep contributed 80.85% while male sheep 80.21%. Coefficiency of market competition showed that sheep farmer had higher coefficiency competition than sheep trader both to female and male. Sheep farmer had higher net profit margin (NPM) level but had lower operating ratio level. Satay seller had lower NPM and higher operating ratio level. Key words : sheep, marketing, efficiency of marketing

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Price, Edward O., Reid Borgwardt, Agustin Orihuela i Martin R. Dally. "Sexual stimulation in male sheep and goats". Applied Animal Behaviour Science 59, nr 4 (wrzesień 1998): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(98)00112-9.

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Festa-Bianchet, Marco. "Survival of Male Bighorn Sheep in Southwestern Alberta". Journal of Wildlife Management 53, nr 1 (styczeń 1989): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3801344.

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Walsh, D., R. Sinclair, M. H. Andrew i D. Coleman. "The role of the male flower spike as a cue for selective grazing in bladder saltbush". Rangeland Journal 27, nr 2 (2005): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj05008.

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This paper reports the results of three cafeteria trials used to study palatability variation between the sex phenotypes of bladder saltbush (Atriplex vesicaria Heward ex Benth.). The results of the first trial show that Merino sheep preferentially grazed female samples compared to male ones, which supported earlier paddock-scale grazing trials and observations. In the second trial, the removal of male flower spikes led to increased consumption of male samples, suggesting that male flower spikes contain a grazing deterrent. The third trial showed that sheep were able to detect male material with or without spikes even when it was completely hidden within female plant material. In combination with observations made during the trials, these results suggest that there is a grazing deterrent present in male plants and that sheep use the male flower spike primarily as a visual cue when making grazing decisions.

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Blache, D., L. Chagas, M. Blackberry, P. Vercoe i G. Martin. "Metabolic factors affecting the reproductive axis in male sheep". Reproduction 120, nr 1 (1.09.2000): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.1200001.

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Sickinger, Marlene, Sabine Wenisch i Axel Wehrend. "Neuropeptides in the urinary tract of male sheep lambs". Research in Veterinary Science 133 (grudzień 2020): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.10.013.

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Weaver, A. D. "Haematological and Plasma Biochemical Parameters in Adult Male Sheep". Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A 21, nr 1 (13.05.2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.1974.tb01089.x.

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Preston, B. T., I. R. Stevenson, J. M. Pemberton, D. W. Coltman i K. Wilson. "Male mate choice influences female promiscuity in Soay sheep". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272, nr 1561 (21.02.2005): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.2977.

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In most animal species, males are predicted to compete for reproductive opportunities, while females are expected to choose between potential mates. However, when males' rate of reproduction is constrained, or females vary widely in ‘quality’, male mate choice is also predicted to occur. Such conditions exist in the promiscuous mating system of feral Soay sheep on St Kilda, Scotland, where a highly synchronized mating season, intense sperm competition and limitations on sperm production constrain males' potential reproductive rate, and females vary substantially in their ability to produce successful offspring. We show that, consistent with predictions, competitive rams focus their mating activity and siring success towards heavier females with higher inclusive fitness. To our knowledge, this is the first time that male mate choice has been identified and shown to lead to assortative patterns of parentage in a natural mammalian system, and occurs despite fierce male–male competition for mates. An additional consequence of assortative mating in this population is that lighter females experience a series of unstable consorts with less adept rams, and hence are mated by a greater number of males during their oestrus. We have thus also identified a novel male–driven mechanism that generates variation in female promiscuity, which suggests that the high levels of female promiscuity in this system are not part of an daptive female tactic to intensify post–copulatory competition between males.

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Vandenheede, M., i M. F. Bouissou. "Effects of castration on fear reactions of male sheep". Applied Animal Behaviour Science 47, nr 3-4 (maj 1996): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(95)00673-7.

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Su, Yixin, Jianli Bi, Victor M. Pulgar, Jorge Figueroa, Mark Chappell i James C. Rose. "Antenatal glucocorticoid treatment alters Na+ uptake in renal proximal tubule cells from adult offspring in a sex-specific manner". American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 308, nr 11 (1.06.2015): F1268—F1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00047.2015.

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We have shown a sex-specific effect of fetal programming on Na+ excretion in adult sheep. The site of this effect in the kidney is unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs) from adult male sheep exposed to betamethasone (Beta) before birth have greater Na+ uptake than do RPTCs from vehicle-exposed male sheep and that RPTCs from female sheep similarly exposed are not influenced by antenatal Beta. In isolated RPTCs from 1- to 1.5-yr-old male and female sheep, we measured Na+ uptake under basal conditions and after stimulation with ANG II. To gain insight into the mechanisms involved, we also measured nitric oxide (NO) levels, ANG II receptor mRNA levels, and expression of Na+/H+ exchanger 3. Basal Na+ uptake increased more in cells from Beta-exposed male sheep than in cells from vehicle-exposed male sheep (400% vs. 300%, P < 0.00001). ANG II-stimulated Na+ uptake was also greater in cells from Beta-exposed males. Beta exposure did not increase Na+ uptake by RPTCs from female sheep. NO production was suppressed more by ANG II in RPTCs from Beta-exposed males than in RPTCs from either vehicle-exposed male or female sheep. Our data suggest that one site of the sex-specific effect of Beta-induced fetal programming in the kidney is the RPTC and that the enhanced Na+ uptake induced by antenatal Beta in male RPTCs may be related to the suppression of NO in these cells.

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de St Jorre, T. Jorre, P. A. R. Hawken i G. B. Martin. "Role of male novelty and familiarity in male-induced LH secretion in female sheep". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, nr 4 (2012): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd11085.

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Ewes supposedly need to be separated from rams before male stimuli can increase gonadotrophin secretion and induce ovulation. In the present study, we investigated the LH response of ewes to ‘novel’ and ‘familiar’ rams after varying periods of separation. In Experiment 1, ewes (n = 8 per treatment) were separated from familiar rams for 15 min or 1 month and then exposed to either familiar rams, novel rams or novel wethers. After 15 min or 1 month of separation, exposure to novel rams increased pulsatile LH secretion (P < 0.05) and induced an LH surge in all ewes whereas exposure to familiar rams or novel wethers had no effect on LH secretion (P > 0.1). After 1 month of separation, re-exposure to the same familiar rams increased pulsatile LH secretion (P < 0.05) in six of eight ewes, but only induced an LH surge in two of eight ewes. In Experiment 2, familiar rams were removed and returned after 15 min, 1 day or 17 days (n = 5 per treatment). None of these treatments affected LH secretion. We conclude that separation of ewes from rams is a prerequisite for familiar rams to increase LH secretion, but is not necessary if the rams are novel.

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Yeasmin, Tania, Hamida Khanum i Rimi Farhana Zaman. "Seasonal prevalence of arthropoda and helminth parasites in sheep (Ovis aries". Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 42, nr 1 (13.05.2015): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v42i1.23335.

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The present investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence of arthropoda and helminth parasites in sheep at Azimpur, Dhaka during February, 2012 to January, 2013. A Total of 60 hosts were examined and about 71.67% sheep were found to be infested with arthropod parasites. In sheep two species of arthropod parasites, Linognathus vituli (61.67%) and Damalinia caprae (68.33%) were identified as ecto-parasites. The prevalence of ectoparasites was higher during summer (85%), followed by winter (75%) and rainy (55%). The higher intensity was also recorded in summer (325.17±1.92). Lambs were found more susceptible (85.71%) than adult (80.95%) and young (56%) sheep and higher in female (77.27%) than in male (68.42%). Twelve species of helminth parasites were identified, of them, 3 trematodes, 3 cestodes and 6 nematodes, highest prevalence was shown by Strongyloides sp (71.67%) and lowest by Dictyocaulus sp. (3.33%); found comparatively higher in adults (85.71%) than in young (80%) and 28% in lambs. The male sheeps were more susceptible (81.58%) to helminth infection than female (72.73%). Prevalence of helminthes was found higher in winter (95%) season. The value of co-efficient of correlation between the prevalence and intensity of infestation of ectoparasites and helminth parasites in sheep were 0.95 and 0.978 respectively. In both cases these two variables differed significantly (P<0.01).Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(1): 45-55, 2014

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Franz, Sonja, Agnes M. Dadak, Gudrun Schöffmann, Paul Coppens, Johannes L. Khol, Walter Baumgartner i Gilles Dupre. "Laparoscopic-assisted implantation of a urinary catheter in male sheep". Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 232, nr 12 (15.06.2008): 1857–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.232.12.1857.

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Delgadillo, J. Alberto, Helene Gelez, Rodolfo Ungerfeld, Penelope A. R. Hawken i Graeme B. Martin. "The ‘male effect’ in sheep and goats—Revisiting the dogmas". Behavioural Brain Research 200, nr 2 (czerwiec 2009): 304–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2009.02.004.

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Anderson, B. C. "Osteocartilaginous metaplasia of the right atrium in male domestic sheep". Journal of Comparative Pathology 100, nr 2 (luty 1989): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9975(89)90130-8.

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BLEJWAS, KAREN M., CHRISTEN L. WILLIAMS, GARY T. SHIN, DALE R. McCULLOUGH i MICHAEL M. JAEGER. "Salivary DNA Evidence Convicts Breeding Male Coyotes of Killing Sheep". Journal of Wildlife Management 70, nr 4 (październik 2006): 1087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541x(2006)70[1087:sdecbm]2.0.co;2.

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Li, Taotao, Hongyu Zhang, Xia Wang, De′en Yin, Nana Chen, Lingyun Kang, Xingxu Zhao i Youji Ma. "Cloning, Molecular Characterization and Expression Patterns of DMRTC2 Implicated in Germ Cell Development of Male Tibetan Sheep". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, nr 7 (1.04.2020): 2448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072448.

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The double sex and mab-3-related transcription factors like family C2 (DMRTC2) gene is indispensable for mammalian testicular function and spermatogenesis. Despite its importance, what expression and roles of DMRTC2 possesses and how it regulates the testicular development and spermatogenesis in sheep, especially in Tibetan sheep, remains largely unknown. In this study, DMRTC2 cDNA from testes of Tibetan sheep was firstly cloned by the RT-PCR method, and its molecular characterization was identified. Subsequently, the expression and localization patterns of DMRTC2 were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence. The cloning and sequence analysis showed that the Tibetan sheep DMRTC2 cDNA fragment contained 1113 bp open reading frame (ORF) capable of encoding 370 amino acids, and displayed high identities with some other mammals, which shared an identical DM domain sequence of 47 amino acids ranged from residues 38 to 84. qPCR and Western blot results showed that DMRTC2 was expressed in testes throughout the development stages while not in epididymides (caput, corpus, and cauda), with higher mRNA and protein abundance in Tibetan sheep testes of one- and three-year-old (post-puberty) compared with that of three-month-old (pre-puberty). Immunofluorescence results revealed that immune staining for DMRTC2 protein was observed in spermatids and spermatogonia from post-puberty Tibetan sheep testes, and gonocytes from pre-puberty Tibetan sheep testes. Together, these results demonstrated, for the first time, in sheep, that DMRTC2, as a highly conserved gene in mammals, is essential for sheep spermatogenesis by regulating the proliferation or differentiation of gonocytes and development of spermatids in ram testes at different stages of maturity.

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Sihombing, Ginda, Wara Pratitis i Ginanjar Arya Dewangga. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TEPUNG CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus) TERHADAP KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK RANSUM DOMBA LOKAL JANTAN". Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 25, nr 1 (1.03.2010): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v25i1.15746.

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The development of sheep livestock is done as a comodity producer to meet the need of the meat. To increase the productivity of the sheep, the feed have a certain quality with the mix of worm flour. This research aims to determine the influence of the use of worm flour (Lumbricus rubellus) concerning to dry and organic matter digestibility lokal male sheeps feed. This research was conducted in the enclosure of research at the Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry Department of the Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta which is located in the Village Jatikuwung, Gondangrejo District, District Karanganyar. Research was conducted from December 28th, 2008 to February 22nd, 2009 using the 12 local male tail sheep with body weight on average 13.82 ± 0.73 kg / head. Feed given at 6% of body weight consist of a concentrate forage and comparison with 70:30 per cent (basic dry matter). Utilized of the concentrate made of a mixture that consist of bekatul, oilcake soybean, corn flour, worm flour, and premix while forage given a field grass. Feed treatment used field grass 70%, concentrate 30% (P0); field grass 70%, 28% concentrate, worm flour 2% (P1); field grass 70%, 26% concentrate, worm flour 4% (P2) and 70% field grass, 24% concentrate, worms flour 6% (P3). Experimental design used was the Complete Random Design (CRD) pattern, the direction of the 4-level treatment (P0, P1, P2, and P3). Each treatment consist of 3 test replications and the replications each of one local male sheep. Parameter observed: dry matter consumption (DMC), organic matter consumption (OMC), dry matter digestibility (DMD), and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Results of research indicate that the average of the four treatment (P0, P1, P2 and P3) respectively for the dry matter consumption 858.35, 876.57, 881.55 and 887.58 (grams/ head/ day), organic matter consumption 670.32, 682.04, 686.16 and 689.03 (grams/ head/ day), dry matter digestibility 55.17, 59.51, 57.19 and 58.84 percent and organic matter digestibility 66.28, 69.09, 67.21 and 68.12 percent. Variansi analysis results show that the dry matter consumption, organic matter consumption, dry matter digestibility, and organic matter digestibility is not significantly different (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusion of this research is the use of worm flour (Lumbricus rubellus) in feed up to 6% of the total concentration does not affect consumption and digestibility of dry and organic matter, but able to maintain the quality of local male sheep feed.

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Awad, Nabil S., Mohamed M. Soliman, Alaa A. Mohamed, Ayman M. Sabry, Ahmad F. Shahaby i Adel E. El-Tarras. "Effect of altitude on some male fertility related traits in Saudi ovine and caprine species". Annals of Animal Science 15, nr 3 (1.07.2015): 641–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2015-0007.

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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of altitude on some male fertility related traits in Saudi sheep and goats. Testicular tissues were collected from a slaughterhouse in Taif governorate (1800 m above sea level) and Makkah governorate (sea level). Sperm characteristics (1 - individual motility, 2 - percent live sperm 3 - percent abnormal sperm) were examined. Semi-quantitative RT -PCR assay was used to evaluate the expression of IGF-II, StAR, LDLr and CYP11A genes. No significant effect of altitude on tested sperm parameters was revealed. Expression of IGF-II gene in both sheep and goats was significantly (P<0.05) higher at sea level compared to high altitude. A similar effect of altitude on StAR gene expression was only observed in goats, while in sheep the level of effect did not reach the significance threshold. Moreover, LDLr gene expression was significantly (P<0.05) higher for both sheep and goats at high altitude than at sea level. The CYP11A gene expression was significantly (P<0.05) higher in high altitude sheep than in those raised at sea level, while the opposite trend was observed for goats. In conclusion, high altitude had an effect on the expression of some studied male fertility related genes, but sperm parameters were not significantly affected.

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Anderson, J. M. L., i G. M. Webster. "The effect of castration and ewe proximity on the behaviour, performance and meat quality of housed male lambs". Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1995 (marzec 1995): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600028221.

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This trial sought to increase the knowledge of the changes in the endocrine status of male sheep as they mature and to link this with their sexual and agonistic behaviour when reared in the presence or absence of females; the influence of female lambs could significantly alter the behaviour, growth, performance, carcass composition and meat quality of entire and castrated male lambs. Therefore, this project could lead to improvements in the efficiency of sheep production by providing the background physiology necessary to understand sexual behaviour. This may lead to improved practices for the management of growing sheep, which may reduce the necessity to routinely castrate all male lambs.

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Merkley, Christina M., Allison N. Renwick, Sydney L. Shuping, KaLynn Harlow, Jeffrey R. Sommer i Casey C. Nestor. "Undernutrition reduces kisspeptin and neurokinin B expression in castrated male sheep". Reproduction and Fertility 1, nr 1 (31.10.2020): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/raf-20-0025.

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Undernutrition impairs reproductive success through suppression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and subsequently luteinizing hormone (LH), secretion. Given that kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB) neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus are thought to play key stimulatory roles in the generation of GnRH/LH pulses, we hypothesized that feed restriction would reduce the ARC mRNA abundance and protein expression of kisspeptin and NKB in young, male sheep. Fourteen wethers (castrated male sheep five months of age) were either fed to maintain (FM; n = 6) pre-study body weight or feed-restricted (FR; n = 8) to lose 20% of pre-study body weight over 13 weeks. Throughout the study, weekly blood samples were collected and assessed for LH concentration using RIA. At Week 13 of the experiment, animals were killed, heads were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, and brain tissue containing the hypothalamus was collected, sectioned, and processed for detection of mRNA (RNAscope) and protein (immunohistochemistry) for kisspeptin and NKB. Mean LH was significantly lower and LH inter-pulse interval was significantly higher in FR wethers compared to FM wethers at the end of the experiment (Week 13). RNAscope analysis revealed significantly fewer cells expressing mRNA for kisspeptin and NKB in FR wethers compared to FM controls, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly fewer immunopositive kisspeptin and NKB cells in FR wethers compared to FM wethers. Taken together, this data supports the idea that long-term feed restriction regulates GnRH/LH secretion through central suppression of kisspeptin and NKB in male sheep. Lay summary While undernutrition is known to impair reproduction at the level of the brain, the components responsible for this in the brain remain to be fully understood. Using male sheep we examined the effect of undernutrition on two stimulatory molecules in the brain critical for reproduction: kisspeptin and neurokinin B. Feed restriction for several weeks resulted in decreased luteinizing hormone in the blood indicating reproductive function was suppressed. In addition, undernutrition also reduced both kisspeptin and neurokinin B levels within a region of the brain involved in reproduction, the hypothalamus. Given that they have stimulatory roles in reproduction, we believe that undernutrition acts in the brain to reduce kisspeptin and neurokinin B levels leading to the reduction in luteinizing hormone secretion. In summary, long-term undernutrition inhibits reproductive function in sheep through suppression of kisspeptin and neurokinin B within the brain.

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Widiyanto, W., E. Kusumanti, M. Mulyono, S. Surahmanto i V. D. Y. B. Ismadi. "Mineral status of Java thin-tailed sheep grazed in Mijen agriculture area, Semarang, Indonesia". Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 42, nr 2 (31.05.2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.42.2.120-127.

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The objective of this study was to study the mineral status of Java thin-tailed (JTT) sheep grazed in Mijen-Semarang, Central Java. Six month old of male JTT sheep and paddock with field grass vegetation were used in the research. Fifteen male JTT sheeps were divided into three groups consisting of 5 heads per group, and grazing for 2 month (in early rainy season, late rainy season and dry season, respectively). The measured variables were feed consumption, digested organic matter, mineral (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, zinc) level in forage, feces, blood, and daily body weight gain. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance with one-way classification. Magnesium and zinc status of JTT sheep were adequate, whereas phosphorus status was deficient in all season. Calcium in early and late rainy season were deficient (7.37 and 7.86 mg/100 mL, respectively), whereas in the dry season was adequate (8.70 mg/100 mL). The copper deficiency was found in dry and late rainy season (with the Serum copper level was 0.62 and 0.51 µg/mL, respectively, and borderline in early rainy season (64.7 µg/mL). Serum copper in the late rainy season was lower (P<0.05) than it in early rainy season and dry season. There were seasonal variation of mineral status of Java thin-tailed (JTT) sheep grazed in Mijen agricultural area, Semarang, Central Java.

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Blache, D., RL Tellam, LM Chagas, MA Blackberry, PE Vercoe i GB Martin. "Level of nutrition affects leptin concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in sheep". Journal of Endocrinology 165, nr 3 (1.06.2000): 625–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1650625.

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In mature male sheep, the level of nutrition acutely influences the secretion of reproductive hormones. The mechanism involved is not fully understood but findings in humans and laboratory rodents would suggest a major role for leptin that is secreted from adipose tissue and then travels via the circulation to the central nervous system. Before we can begin to test this hypothesis, we need to be able to measure leptin concentrations in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. We have therefore developed a radioimmunoassay using antibodies raised against biologically active recombinant bovine-ovine leptin. Using this assay, we found that plasma concentrations of leptin were highly correlated to back-fat thickness and to the ratio of back-fat thickness to liveweight, in female and castrated male sheep. Plasma concentrations of leptin were higher in female sheep than in castrated or intact male sheep. Serial samples (every 5 min) suggested that the secretion of leptin in male sheep is episodic but it does not appear to show clear pulsatility, increases post-prandially, or a diurnal rhythm. Leptin concentrations in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid increased within 5 days in male sheep fed a diet with a high content of energy and protein that also stimulates the secretion of LH pulses. These data suggest that in sheep, as in other species, leptin production is correlated with the mass of adipose tissue and that the hormone passes from the circulation to the cerebrospinal fluid and then to hypothalamic sites. There, it may affect appetite and perhaps GnRH secretion. The role of leptin in the link between nutrition and reproduction needs further investigation.

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Canny, BJ, KA O'Farrell, IJ Clarke i AJ Tilbrook. "The influence of sex and gonadectomy on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis of the sheep". Journal of Endocrinology 162, nr 2 (1.08.1999): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1620215.

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There is a sex difference in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of many species, although there are sparse data on the sheep. In the present study we have compared the HPA axes of intact and gonadectomised adult male and female sheep at the level of the median eminence, pituitary and adrenal glands using a variety of in vitro approaches. The concentration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) was higher (P<0.01) in the median eminence of male than female sheep, and was also elevated by gonadectomy of either sex (P<0.01). The concentration of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) in the median eminence did not differ between the sexes, but was also elevated in both sexes following gonadectomy (P<0.01). Anterior pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA concentrations were higher (P<0.05) in intact male sheep than in intact females, with the levels in gonadectomised animals of both sexes being intermediate. In contrast to this finding, basal ACTH secretion from anterior pituitary cells was higher (P<0.05) in cultures derived from female sheep than those from males, but gonadectomy was without effect. There was no effect of sex or gonadectomy on in vitro ACTH secretion in response to AVP, CRF or the combination of AVP and CRF, and in all cases the combination of AVP and CRF generated greater (P<0.0001) ACTH secretion than AVP alone. AVP alone was more effective (P<0.01) than CRF alone as an ACTH secretagogue. The adrenal glands were larger (P<0.05) in female than male sheep, with no effect of gonadectomy. Basal cortisol production was greatest (P<0.05) in cultures of adrenal cells from intact male sheep, though ACTH- and 8BrcAMP-induced cortisol production was greater in the cultures of cells from females (P=0.05); there were no effects of gonadectomy. Cultures of adrenocortical cells from male sheep had greater (P<0.05) basal cAMP production, but ACTH-stimulated cAMP production did not differ between any of the groups of animals. These findings show a range of differences in the HPA axis of male and female sheep. Furthermore, they suggest that the heightened activity of the axis in the female occurs primarily due to differences at the level of the adrenal gland, and that greater adrenal responsiveness of female animals is due to differences in the latter stages of steroidogenesis, rather than an effect on ACTH signal transduction at its receptor.

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Leymaster, K. A., i T. G. Jenkins. "Characterization of Accretive Rates for Growth Constituents in Male Suffolk Sheep". Journal of Animal Science 61, nr 2 (1.08.1985): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas1985.612430x.

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Bland, K. P., i B. M. Jubilan. "Correlation of flehmen by male sheep with female behaviour and oestrus". Animal Behaviour 35, nr 3 (czerwiec 1987): 735–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(87)80109-4.

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Abecia, José‐Alfonso, Claudia Garrido, Marianne Gave, Ana‐Isabel García, David López, Silvia Luis, José‐Antonio Valares i Luis Mata. "Exogenous melatonin and male foetuses improve the quality of sheep colostrum". Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 104, nr 5 (10.04.2020): 1305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13362.

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Scott, Phil. "Ultrasonography of the urinary tract in male sheep with urethral obstruction". In Practice 22, nr 6 (czerwiec 2000): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inpract.22.6.329.

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Douhard, Mathieu, Gabriel Pigeon, Marco Festa-Bianchet, David W. Coltman, Simon Guillemette i Fanie Pelletier. "Environmental and evolutionary effects on horn growth of male bighorn sheep". Oikos 126, nr 7 (24.01.2017): 1031–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oik.03799.

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Kopuzlu, Sinan, Erdogan Sezgin, Nurinisa Esenbuga i Omer Cevdet Bilgin. "Estimation of growth curve characteristics of Hemsin male and female sheep". Journal of Applied Animal Research 42, nr 2 (9.12.2013): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2013.842479.

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Schanbacher, B. D. "Endogenous opiates and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in male sheep". Domestic Animal Endocrinology 2, nr 2 (kwiecień 1985): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0739-7240(85)90006-2.

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Nugroho, Agung Dwi, Muhtarudin Muhtarudin, Erwanto Erwanto i Farida Fathul. "PENGARUH PERLAKUAN FERMENTASI DAN AMONIASI KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP NILAI KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK RANSUM PADA DOMBA JANTAN". Jurnal Riset dan Inovasi Peternakan (Journal of Research and Innovation of Animals) 4, nr 2 (26.08.2020): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jrip.2020.4.2.119-125.

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This research aimed to determine the effect of fermentation and ammoniation treatment of cassava peels on ration on dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) in male sheeps. This research was conducted in May--June 2019 in the cage unit and the Laboratory of Nutrition and Animal Feed, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The experimental design applied was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The experimental unit used were 9 sheeps. The treatments given were ration+15% cassava peels without treatment (R0), ration+15% fermented cassava peels (R1), and ration+15% ammoniated cassava peels (R2). The results showed that the use of cassava peel fermentation and ammoniation treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) on dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility in male sheep. The average of total digestibility of dry matter and organic matter of ration showed an increase of digestibility. The treatment of fermentation and ammoniation gave the best effect when compared to that without processing. Keywords: Ammoniation, Fermentation, Cassava peels, Dry matter digestibility and organic matter digesbility, Sheep

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Sh. Ali, Kh G. Al-Fartosi, Y. J. Talib, and. "Comparative study of some Serum Biochemical parameters of cattle and sheep of the marshes in the south of Iraq". Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences 9, nr 2 (20.12.2010): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29079/vol9iss2art109.

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This study includes the normal values of biochemical parameters of cattle and sheep lived in Marshes of the south of Iraq. The serum levels of glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, globulin, calcium(ca), potassium(k), Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined.T he results showed there are nonsignificant differences in all parameters of male cattle compared with a female, except the serum glucose which decreased significantly in male compared with female. There is a significant increase in cholesterol and potassium of male sheep compared with a female, whereas the other parameters did not show a significant difference (p<0.05) between them. also, the results indicated a significant increase in TG, cholesterol, AST, ALK, and LDH of male and female cattle compared with male and female sheep. There were no significant differences in other parameters.

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White, C. L., G. B. Martin, P. I. Hynd i R. E. Chapman. "The effect of zinc deficiency on wool growth and skin and wool follicle histology of male Merino lambs". British Journal of Nutrition 71, nr 3 (marzec 1994): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19940149.

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The aims of this work were to quantify the requirements of Zn for wool growth in growing male Merino lambs, and to describe the histological lesions of Zn deficiency in skin and wool follicles. Four groups of male Merino lambs (n 4) weighing 22 kg were fed ad lib. for 96 d on diets that contained 4 (basal diet), 10, 17 or 27 mg Zn/kg. Sheep in a fifth group were fed on the diet containing 27 mg Zn/kg, but were pair-fed to sheep on the 4 mg Zn/kg diet. Zn was added to the basal diet as ZnSO4 to give the respective treatment concentrations. Sheep fed on the diet containing 4 mg Zn/kg showed clinical signs of Zn deficiency and lower feed intakes and wool growth than sheep in the other groups. Their wool fibres were improperly keratinized and the wool follicles contained a higher proportion of apoptotic bodies than other groups. There was no evidence of parakeratosis and the rate of bulb-cell production was not affected. Sheep from other groups showed no clinical signs of Zn deficiency, and mean feed intakes and growth rates did not differ significantly between sheep fed on diets containing 10, 17 or 27 mg Zn/kg. However, wool growth was reduced in sheep fed on the diet containing 10 mg Zn/kg compared with those fed on diets containing 17 or 27 mg/kg. The mean concentration of Zn in the plasma at which wool growth was 90 % of maximum was 0.5 mg/l. The equivalent value for the diet was 12 mg/kg, with 95 % confidence intervals of 8 to 16 mg/kg. The results suggest that Zn deficiency reduces wool growth through a specific mechanism, perhaps involving impaired protein synthesis.

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Ettu, R. O., i C. F. I. Onwuka. "Nitrogen utilization by male WAD sheep fed graded levels of boiled CST and SMD based diets". Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 42, nr 1 (31.12.2020): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v42i1.841.

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The study was carried out to investigate the nitrogen utilization by male West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep fed boiled Cocoa Seed Testa (CST) and Sorghum Malt Dust (SMD)-based diets. Twenty-eight male animals were divided into seven groups with similar average initial live weight in a completely randomized design. Each group contained four animals. The trial consisted of seven dietary treatments which comprised CST at 10, 20 and 30% levels, SMD at 10, 20 and 30% levels and a control. The trial lasted for 90 days. Data generated were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance. Apparent nitrogen intake (19.41g/d) and retention (9.67g/d) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the treatment with 20% SMD. Generally, dietary inclusion of CST and SMD improved the nitrogen intake by male WAD sheep with the best result from sheep fed 20% sorghum malt dust based diets.

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Vaiman, Daniel, Laurent Schibler, Florence Bourgeois, Anne Oustry, Yves Amigues i Edmond P. Cribiu. "A Genetic Linkage Map of the Male Goat Genome". Genetics 144, nr 1 (1.09.1996): 279–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/144.1.279.

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Abstract This paper presents a first genetic linkage map of the goat genome. Primers derived from the flanking sequences of 612 bovine, ovine and goat microsatellite markers were gathered and tested for amplification with goat DNA under standardized PCR conditions. This screen made it possible to choose a set of 55 polymorphic markers that can be used in the three species and to define a panel of 223 microsatellites suitable for the goat. Twelve half-sib paternal goat families were then used to build a linkage map of the goat genome. The linkage analysis made it possible to construct a meiotic map covering 2300 cM, i.e., >SO% of the total estimated length of the goat genome. Moreover, eight cosmids containing microsatellites were mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization in goat and sheep. Together with 11 microsatellite-containing cosmids previously mapped in cattle (and supposing conservation of the banding pattern between this species and the goat) and data from the sheep map, these results made the orientation of 15 linkage groups possible. Furthermore, 12 coding sequences were mapped either genetically or physically, providing useful data for comparative mapping.

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Schwarz, Erika R., Lilian J. Oliveira, Francesco Bonfante, Ruiyu Pu, Malgorzata A. Pozor, N. James Maclachlan, Sarah Beachboard, Kelli L. Barr i Maureen T. Long. "Experimental Infection of Mid-Gestation Pregnant Female and Intact Male Sheep with Zika Virus". Viruses 12, nr 3 (7.03.2020): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030291.

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Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus that causes birth defects, persistent male infection, and sexual transmission in humans. The purpose of this study was to continue the development of an ovine ZIKV infection model; thus, two experiments were undertaken. In the first experiment, we built on previous pregnant sheep experiments by developing a mid-gestation model of ZIKV infection. Four pregnant sheep were challenged with ZIKV at 57–64 days gestation; two animals served as controls. After 13–15 days (corresponding with 70–79 days of gestation), one control and two infected animals were euthanized; the remaining animals were euthanized at 20–22 days post-infection (corresponding with 77–86 days of gestation). In the second experiment, six sexually mature, intact, male sheep were challenged with ZIKV and two animals served as controls. Infected animals were serially euthanized on days 2–6 and day 9 post-infection with the goal of isolating ZIKV from the male reproductive tract. In the mid-gestation study, virus was detected in maternal placenta and spleen, and in fetal organs, including the brains, spleens/liver, and umbilicus of infected fetuses. Fetuses from infected animals had visibly misshapen heads and morphometrics revealed significantly smaller head sizes in infected fetuses when compared to controls. Placental pathology was evident in infected dams. In the male experiment, ZIKV was detected in the spleen, liver, testes/epididymides, and accessory sex glands of infected animals. Results from both experiments indicate that mid-gestation ewes can be infected with ZIKV with subsequent disruption of fetal development and that intact male sheep are susceptible to ZIKV infection and viral dissemination and replication occurs in highly vascular tissues (including those of the male reproductive tract).

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40

Lumbers, Eugenie R., Min young Kim, Judith H. Burrell, Vasumathy Kumarasamy, Amanda C. Boyce, Karen J. Gibson, Kathryn L. Gatford i Julie A. Owens. "Effects of intrafetal IGF-I on growth of cardiac myocytes in late-gestation fetal sheep". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 296, nr 3 (marzec 2009): E513—E519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90497.2008.

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Intrafetal insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I promotes cardiac hypertrophy in the late-gestation fetal sheep; whether these effects are sustained is unknown. IGF-I was infused for 4 days at 80 μg/h from 121 to 125 days of gestation, and its effects at 128 days, 3 days after the infusion stopped, were determined by comparison with untreated fetal sheep. After IGF-I treatment, fetal weights were similar to those in control fetuses but kidney weights were bigger ( P < 0.05), as were spleen weights of male fetuses ( P < 0.05). Cardiac myocytes were larger in female than male fetal sheep ( P < 0.001). IGF-I increased male ( P < 0.001) but not female myocyte volumes. IGF-I did not alter the proportions of uni- or binucleated right or left ventricular myocytes. Female fetal sheep had a greater proportion of binucleated cardiac myocytes than males ( P < 0.05). IGF-I-treated fetuses had a slightly greater proportion of right ventricular nuclei in cell cycle phase G2/M and a reduced proportion of G0/G1 phase nuclei ( P < 0.1). Therefore, evidence for IGF-I-stimulated cardiac cell hyperplasia in fetal sheep in late gestation was limited. In conclusion, the greater sizes and larger proportion of binucleated cardiac myocytes in female fetal sheep suggest that myocyte maturation may occur earlier in females than in males. This may explain in part the male sex-specific responsiveness of cardiac hypertrophy to IGF-I in late gestation. If IGF-I-stimulated cardiomyocyte growth is accompanied by maturation of contractile function, IGF-I may be a potential therapeutic agent for maintaining cardiac output in preterm males.

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Singh, Reetu R., Karen M. Moritz, John F. Bertram i Kate M. Denton. "Renal responses to furosemide are significantly attenuated in male sheep at 6 months of age following fetal uninephrectomy". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 302, nr 7 (1.04.2012): R868—R875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00579.2011.

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We have previously shown that fetal uninephrectomy (uni-x) at 100 days of gestation (term = 150 days) in male sheep results in a 30% nephron deficit, reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow, and elevation in arterial pressure at 6 mo of age. Furthermore, in response to an acute 0.9% saline load, sodium excretion was significantly delayed in uni-x animals leading us to speculate that tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) activity was reset in uni-x animals. In the present study, we induced TGF blockade by furosemide administration (1.5 mg/kg iv over 90 min) and determined GFR, effective renal plasma flow, and urine and sodium excretion responses in 6-mo-old male sheep. In response to furosemide, a significant diuresis and natriuresis was observed in the sham group; however, the response was significantly delayed and reduced in uni-x animals (both, Ptreatment×time < 0.001). Cummulative urinary and sodium output was significantly less in the uni-x compared with the sham sheep (both, Ptreatment×time < 0.001). GFR was increased in the sham but not the uni-x sheep ( Ptreatment×time < 0.0001). In conclusion, the excretory response to furosemide was attenuated in the uni-x sheep, and this suggests a rightward resetting of the TGF operating point. The TGF mechanism is important in the fine tuning of sodium homeostasis and is likely a contributing factor for the dysfunction in sodium regulation we have previously observed in the uni-x animals.

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Gallaher, Brian W., Bernhard H. Breier, Mark H. Oliver, Jane E. Harding i Peter D. Gluckman. "Ontogenic differences in the nutritional regulation of circulating IGF binding proteins in sheep plasma". Acta Endocrinologica 126, nr 1 (styczeń 1992): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1260049.

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Well-fed castrated male sheep (N= 3) and 125 days gestation pregnant ewes (N = 6) with chronically catheterized fetuses were fasted for 72 h. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP) levels in fed and starved fetal, maternal and castrated male sheep plasma were measured using ligand blot analysis. IGFBPs in adult and fetal sheep differed in distribution both before and after 72 h starvation. IGFBP-3 was the major postnatal binding protein, while in the fetus IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3 and the circulating IGF type 2 receptor fragment each contributed 2 5–30% of total IGF binding capacity. After starvation, total IGF binding capacity and IGFBP-3 fell in plasma of maternal and castrated male sheep (p<0.05). Total IGF binding capacity rose with starvation in fetal plasma (p <0.05) as a result of an increase in IGFBP-1 (p< 0.01) and IGFBP-2 (p<0.05). The different nutritional control of the IGFBPs in the fetus and the adult may reflect ontogenic differences in the regulation and function of circulating IGFs and their binding proteins.

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Mondal, S. K., H. C. Joshi, A. C. Majumdar, S. M. Deb, H. N. Pandey, V. P. Varshney i Triveni Dutt. "The male effect in indigenous Muzaffarnagari sheep. 1. Behavioural and ovarian responses of anoestrous ewes to male introduction". Journal of Applied Animal Research 39, nr 3 (wrzesień 2011): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2011.607687.

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Yang, Hua, Jianyu Ma, Zhibo Wang, Xiaolei Yao, Jie Zhao, Xinyue Zhao, Feng Wang i Yanli Zhang. "Genome-Wide Analysis and Function Prediction of Long Noncoding RNAs in Sheep Pituitary Gland Associated with Sexual Maturation". Genes 11, nr 3 (17.03.2020): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11030320.

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Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a crucial role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis associated with sheep reproduction. The pituitary plays a connecting role in the HPT axis. However, little is known of their expression pattern and potential roles in the pituitary gland. To explore the potential lncRNAs that regulate the male sheep pituitary development and sexual maturation, we constructed immature and mature sheep pituitary cDNA libraries (three-month-old, TM, and nine-month-old, NM, respectively, n = 3) for lncRNA and mRNA high-throughput sequencing. Firstly, the expression of lncRNA and mRNA were comparatively analyzed. 2417 known lncRNAs and 1256 new lncRNAs were identified. Then, 193 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 1407 DE mRNAs were found in the pituitary between the two groups. Moreover, mRNA-lncRNA interaction network was constructed according to the target gene prediction of lncRNA and functional enrichment analysis. Five candidate lncRNAs and their targeted genes HSD17B12, DCBLD2, PDPK1, GPX3 and DLL1 that enriched in growth and reproduction related pathways were further filtered. Lastly, the interaction of candidate lncRNA TCONS_00066406 and its targeted gene HSD17B12 were validated in in vitro of sheep pituitary cells. Our study provided a systematic presentation of lncRNAs and mRNAs in male sheep pituitary, which revealed the potential role of lncRNA in male reproduction.

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45

Kowalczyk, J., B. Skiba, Z. Buczkowski i B. Kowalik. "A device for quantitative urine collection from male sheep in balance trials". Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 5, nr 3 (9.07.1996): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.22358/jafs/69609/1996.

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Dobbins, Adam, Laura S. Lubbers, Gary L. Jackson, David E. Kuehl i Stanley M. Hileman. "Neuropeptide Y Gene Expression in Male Sheep: Influence of Photoperiod and Testosterone". Neuroendocrinology 79, nr 2 (2004): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076631.

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Arciszewski, M. B., i K. Wąsowicz. "Noradrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the accessory sexual glands in male sheep". Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 54, nr 1 (1.01.2006): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.54.2006.1.8.

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Immunohistochemistry was applied to determine the distribution patterns of nerve fibres containing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) in the prostate, seminal vesicle (SV) and bulbourethral glands (BU) of male sheep. In all organs studied, cholinergic innervation was more developed than noradrenergic innervation. Numerous VAChT-immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibres were found in the muscular layer and mucosa of the SV and BU as well as in the prostate. A similar abundance of noradrenergic nerve fibres (showing immunoreactivity both to TH and DβH) was also found in both layers of the SV and BU (but not in the prostate). In the prostate a moderate density of VIP-IR nerve fibres was present but only very scarce NPY-IR nerve fibres were shown. All the studied accessory sexual glands (ASG) of male sheep contained VIP-IR nerve fibres in a similar frequency. Double immunohistochemistry revealed that the vast majority of noradrenergic nerve fibres also contained NPY. None of the noradrenergic nerve fibres showed the presence of VAChT or VIP. The possible functional significance of these findings is discussed.

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Hengeveld, Pamela E., i Marco Festa-Bianchet. "Harvest regulations and artificial selection on horn size in male bighorn sheep". Journal of Wildlife Management 75, nr 1 (styczeń 2011): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.14.

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Gutiérrez-Gil, B., J. J. Arranz, M. F. El-Zarei, L. Álvarez, S. Pedrosa, F. San Primitivo i Y. Bayón. "A male linkage map constructed for QTL mapping in Spanish Churra sheep". Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 125, nr 3 (czerwiec 2008): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0388.2008.00729.x.

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Aluns, M. S., i N. Luthfi. "The Productivity of Male Thin-Tailed Lambs and Sheep Fed Complete Feed". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 119 (luty 2018): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/119/1/012047.

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