Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Magnetism

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Magnetism”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Magnetism"

Victora, R. H. "Magnetism, magnetics and microstructure". Ultramicroscopy 47, nr 4 (grudzień 1992): 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(92)90160-l.

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Lacerda, Danielle Christine Othon. "Saberes ocultos no Brasil Império: a arte da cura pelo magnetismo animal e a busca pela legitimidade * Hidden knowledge in Brazil Empire: the art of cure for animal magnetism and the search for legitimacy". História e Cultura 7, nr 2 (2.12.2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18223/hiscult.v7i2.2681.

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Os princípios e a prática do magnetismo animal consolidaram-se na França poucos anos antes da Revolução Francesa acontecer. Em meio a polêmicas e um crescente número de adeptos, o magnetismo animal ultrapassa as barreiras do tempo e as fronteiras espaciais, chegando ao Brasil nas primeiras décadas do século XIX por meio do imigrante francês Leopold Gamard. O objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender as tentativas de Gamard de legitimar o magnetismo animal como prática curativa, perante as instituições científicas médicas e a opinião pública na Corte imperial. Para tanto, examinamos periódicos científicos e jornais populares na tentativa de juntar fragmentos para recompor a intrigante trajetória de Leopold Gamard e que ajudaram a tecer a trama das relações sociais na construção de representações e apropriações da prática do magnetismo animal, como uma alternativa para cura de moléstias.*The principles and practice of animal magnetism were consolidated in France a few years before the French Revolution took place. Amid controversy and a growing number of adepts, animal magnetism surpasses the barriers of time and space frontiers, arriving in Brazil in the first decades of the nineteenth century through the French immigrant Leopold Gamard. The purpose of this work was to understand Gamard's attempts to legitimize animal magnetism as a curative practice before medical scientific institutions and public opinion in the imperial court. In order to do so, we examined popular scientific journals and newspapers in an attempt to combine fragments to reconstruct Leopold Gamard's intriguing trajectory and helped to weave the fabric of social relations in the construction of representations and appropriations of the practice of animal magnetism as an alternative for healing diseases

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Handayani, Ismi, Muhammad Abdur Rasyid, Rifdah Fadhilah i Hyang Iman Kinasih Gusti. "Beneficiation Processing of Magnetite ore from Lampung as Dense Media for Dense Medium Separator in Coal Washing Plant". E3S Web of Conferences 543 (2024): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454301006.

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Until recently, coal washing plants in Indonesia are still using imported magnetite from Australia as dense media for dense medium separator units. To be effectively utilized as a dense media, magnetite ore needs to be concentrated to remove gangue minerals so that the final product will have more than 95% magnetic content, 95% weight passing 53 microns, and relative density ranging from 4.9 – 5.2 g/cm3. Experimental studies have been performed at the Department of Metallurgical Engineering ITB to concentrate fine magnetite ores from Lampung Province. Two process routes were chosen: grinding-magnetic separation and magnetic separation-grinding. Products from the two routes were sieve size analyzed, assayed and characterized. Magnetism characteristic was analyzed with VSM and relative density was measured with pycnometer. The first process route products have maximum magnetic content of 99.1% and particle weight passing 53 microns of 95.7%, while the second route have magnetic content of 95.2% and particle passing 53 microns of 97.1%. Concentrates from both routes have the same relative density of 4.5 g/cm3. Characterization by XRF and AAS gives Fe content of 46.6% and 48.8% for the first route product, and 52.1% and 52.9% for the second route. Lampung magnetite ore gives lower magnetism characteristic compare to Australian magnetite ore. Finer particle size gave lower magnetic saturation value, hence lower magnetism.

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Falicov, L. M., Daniel T. Pierce, S. D. Bader, R. Gronsky, Kristl B. Hathaway, Herbert J. Hopster, David N. Lambeth i in. "Surface, interface, and thin-film magnetism". Journal of Materials Research 5, nr 6 (czerwiec 1990): 1299–340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.1299.

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A comprehensive review and state of the art in the field of surface, interface, and thin-film magnetism is presented. New growth techniques which produce atomically engineered novel materials, special characterization techniques to measure magnetic properties of low-dimensional systems, and computational advances which allow large complex calculations have together stimulated the current activity in this field and opened new opportunities for research. The current status and issues in the area of material growth techniques and physical properties, characterization methods, and theoretical methods and ideas are reviewed. A fundamental understanding of surface, interface, and thin-film magnetism is of importance to many applications in magnetics technology, which is also surveyed. Questions of fundamental and technological interest that offer opportunities for exciting future research are identified.

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de Maupassant, Guy. "Magnetism". Academic Medicine 93, nr 10 (październik 2018): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000002349.

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Wills, Andrew S. "Magnetism". Annual Reports Section "A" (Inorganic Chemistry) 102 (2006): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b508271b.

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Yanai, Akira. "MAGNETISM". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 106, nr 3 (wrzesień 2000): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200009030-00063.

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Hallett, Mark. "Magnetism". JAMA 262, nr 4 (28.07.1989): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03430040110036.

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Gibbs, M. R. J. "Magnetism: Current issues in amorphous magnetism". Physics Bulletin 36, nr 6 (czerwiec 1985): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9112/36/6/014.

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KING, JOHN W., i JAMES E. T. CHANNELL. "SEDIMENTARY MAGNETISM, ENVIRONMENTAL MAGNETISM, AND MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHY". Reviews of Geophysics 29, S1 (styczeń 1991): 358–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rog.1991.29.s1.358.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Magnetism"

Barrera, Angela Dayana Barra. "Estudo do acoplamento de troca no sistema NiFe/FeMn e efeitos da irradiação iônica". Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-12112013-095231/.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi produzir e estudar magnética e estruturalmente filmes finos de Ni IND. 81 Fe IND. 19 Mn IND. 50. Os filmes foram produzidos através da técnica de DC magnetron sputtering. Iniciamos nosso estudo em filmes de Si/buffer/ Ni IND. 81 Fe IND. 19 (30nm)/Fe IND 50 Mn IND. 50 (15nm)/Ta(5nm), utilizando-se substratos de Si(100), Si(111) e buffer de Cu e Ta, a fim de determinar as melhores condições para a obtenção de bom acoplamento de exchange entre as bicamadas magnéticas. Em seguida estudamos a propriedades magnéticas de filmes em função da espessura das camadas magnéticas. As amostras produzidas para este estudo foram filmes de Si(100)/Cu(20nm)/ Ni IND. 81 Fe IND. 19 (t IND. FM nm)/ Fe IND. 50 Mn IND. 50(t IND AFM nm)/Ta(3nm), variando-se t IND. FM entre 5 e 53nm e mantendo fixa t IND. AFM em 10 nm e vice-versa. Finalmente estudamos o efeito das irradiações iônicas de He e Ne no acoplamento de exchange. Os filmes foram caracterizados utilizando-se as técnicas de magnetrometria de amostra vibrante, difração de raios-x, refletometria de raios-x, absorção de raios-x na borda do Mn e microscopia óptica de campo próximo (SNOM). Os resultados da caracterização magnética de todos os filmes de Si/buffer/NiFe/FeMn/Ta mostram que eles apresentam acoplamento de exchange logo após a sua obtenção por sputtering. Porém o acoplamento via troca precisa ser induzido através do procedimento field cooling nos filmes de Si/buffer/FeMn/NiFe//Ta. Os resultados das medidas de difração de raios x mostram que os filmes apresentam estrutura cristalina FCC e texturas cristalográficas (111) e (200) quando as camadas magnéticas são depositadas sobre Cu e uma única textura cristalográfica, a textura (111) quando elas são depositadas sobre Ta. Por outro lado, os resultados da caracterização magnética nos indicam que as amostras com buffer de Cu apresentam as melhores propriedades magnéticas alto valor de H IND. exc e baixa coercividade. A análise de EXAFS dos filmes com diferentes buffers nos indica que as amostras depositadas sobre Ta e diretamente sobre silício apresentam maior desordem na sua estrutura fina em relação às amostras depositadas sobre Cu. A caracterização magnética dos filmes irradiados ionicamente mostrou que o valor de Hexc dos filmes irradiados com diferentes doses de He a temperatura ambiente aumentou em comparação ao valor do campo de exchange das amostras antes das irradiações iônicas. Já nas amostras irradiadas com Ne o campo de exchange diminuiu drasticamente. A partir das medidas realizadas no microscópio óptico de varredura em campo próximo (SNOM), em diferentes regiões de amostras antes e depois de serem irradiadas ionicamente observamos que não há variações no valor do campo de exchange.
The aim of the present work was to produce and to study magnetic and structural properties of Ni81Fe19/Fe50Mn50 thin films. These films were produced by DC magnetron sputtering. We began our study on Si/buffer/Ni81Fe19(30nm)/Fe50Mn50(15nm)/Ta(5nm) films, using Si(100) or Si(111) substrates and Cu or Ta buffer layer, in order to determine the best conditions for obtaining a good exchange coupling between magnetic bilayers. After that, we studied the magnetic properties of these films relative to magnetics layers thickness. The samples studied were Si(100)/Cu (20mn)/Ni81Fe19 (tFM mn)/Fe50Mn50 (tAFM nm)/Ta(3nm), with tFM varying between 5 to 53run, with fixed tAFM of 10mn, and vice versa, namely with fixed tFM and varying tAFM. Finally, we studied the effect of He and Ne ionic irradiation on the exchange-coupling interaction. The thin films were characterized by vibrating sample magnetometry, X-ray diffraction, X-ray reflectometry, X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Mn K edge, and near field optical microscopy (SNOM). The magnetic characterization of all Si/buffer/NiFe/FeMn/Ta films shows that pristine films present exchange coupling. However, the exchange-coupling interaction needs to be inducing through field cooling procedure for Si/buffer/FeMn/NiFe/Ta films. X ray diffraction measurements show that these films presents FCC crystal structure, plus (111) and (200) crystal textures when the magnetic layers are deposited on Cu buffer layer, and only the (111) crystal texture when the layers are deposited on Ta. On other hand, the magnetic measurement point out that the Cu buffer samples presents the best magnetic properties with high values for Hexc and low values of coercive field. The EXAFS analysis of films with different buffers points out that samples deposited on Ta and directly on silicon present a larger local disorder than samples deposited on Cu. The magnetic measurements of the ionic irradiated films showed an increase of Hexc values for samples irradiated at room temperature with different He rates, compared with the same samples before irradiation. On the other hand, for Ne irradiated samples the exchange field decreased drastically. We observed irradiation no changes on the exchange field values from near field optical microscopy (SNOM) measurements at different areas of samples before and after ionic. These results point out that, even if we are characterizing very small areas of the samples, the exchange field represents the average behavior of the exchange interaction in these areas.

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Moya, Álvarez Carlos. "Structure versus Magnetism in Magnetic Nanoparticles". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/384539.

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From the fundamental point of view, NPs formed by MFe2O4 with (M= Co, Fe) are ideal system models to study the new magnetic phenomena associated with the so-called particle-like behaviour, which emerges from the size reduction towards the nanometre scale and contrasts with the well-established magnetic properties of their bulk-counterparts. It is well known that most of the particle-like behaviour and in general the large variability of the magnetic properties observed in this kind of nanomaterials are related to structural features of the NPs rather than being originated from intrinsic finite-size or surface effects, at least for NPs bigger than a few nanometers. These structural features, such as crystallographic defects, polycrystalline nature of the NPs, lack of crystallinity at the particle surface, etc., have strong influence on their magnetic properties and can be modified at will through the synthesis method. Therefore, whenever this particle-like behaviour is unwanted for applications with highly demanding requirements, the choice of a suitable synthesis method is of key importance to obtain NPs of high-crystalline quality. On the contrary, particle-like behaviour controlled by the crystalline nature of the NPs could be useful to tailor their magnetic properties for specific applications. Among the common synthesis methods, high-temperature decomposition of metal-organic precursors results the best alternative due to the remarkable final properties of the obtained NPs, such as narrow size distribution, high crystallinity and relatively simple tuning of their size and shape. So this will be the chemical route chosen in this work to study the capabilities of this synthesis method to control the final properties of the NPs through their nanostructure. In addition, to get a deeper insight in the magnetic and structural properties of those materials and to shed light on relevant issues that are still under discussion (dynamic response, magnetic frustration or inter¬particle interactions) it could be useful to combine experimental techniques enabling the characterization of the system from macroscopic scales towards single-particle structures. Within this framework, we present this work that is divided into three main parts. First, it is studied the effect of the concentration of two common reactants, involved in the thermal decomposition method, on the final properties of magnetic NPs based on iron oxides aiming at optimizing the synthesis procedure and getting a good control of the structure of the final product. In the second part, those NPs obtained in the former way are applied to demonstrate the crucial role of the nanostructure on the physical properties of nanoparticulate systems; specially, the strong interplay existent between structure and both magnetic frustration and interparticle interactions. Finally, in the third part, MFM experiments with an external applied magnetic field have been performed to directly observe the reversal of the magnetization of isolated particles and the dynamic behaviour of small aggregates.

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Bode, Peter Jan. "Ultrathin magnetic structures and interface magnetism". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614245.

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Barbosa, Andreia Guedes Santiago. "Estudo de microestruturas magnéticas por microscopia de força magnética". CNEN - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte, 2010. http://www.bdtd.cdtn.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=132.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A manipulação e o controle das propriedades magnéticas de materiais com pequenas dimensões tem atraído interesse crescente nos últimos anos. Para sistemas magnéticos micrométricos ou submicrométricos, diferentes configurações magnéticas são energeticamente acessíveis. Vórtices magnéticos merecem destaque entre essas configurações e figuram em um grande número de pesquisas tecnológicas que vão desde o armazenamento magnético (VMRAM) até a biofuncionalização de estruturas para o tratamento do câncer. Em uma configuração de vórtice magnético, a energia magnetostática é minimizada por uma configuração de caminho fechado no plano do filme e uma região central com magnetização perpendicular à superfície. A quiralidade (sentido de rotação da magnetização no plano) e a polarização (direção da magnetização na região central) são os dois principais parâmetros que caracterizam um vórtice magnético. Apesar do esforço recente, ainda não se alcançou um entendimento detalhado que permita a manipulação controlada dessas características. Um aspecto importante para a aplicação tecnológica das estruturas de vórtice magnético é a uniformidade e a reprodutibilidade do comportamento de inversão de magnetização da partícula. O tamanho do núcleo do vórtice e o valor da magnetização, fatores que dependem fortemente da anisotropia do sistema, são aspectos relevantes a serem considerados para que as aplicações destas estruturas magnéticas se tornem realidade. Neste trabalho, arranjos regulares de discos multicamadas Co/Pt com diâmetro de 1 e 2 μm e pemalloy com diâmetro na faixa de 5 a 17 μm, ambos com espessura nanométrica, foram investigados por Microscopia de força magnética (MFM) e magnetometria (VSM e PPMS). Um dos objetivos foi investigar a correlação entre a anisotropia magnética nas multicamadas e o tamanho do núcleo do vórtice magnético. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a presença de estados de vórtice magnético em algumas das amostras estudadas, em função do diâmetro do disco. Além disso, foram estudadas propriedades magnéticas da configuração de vórtices magnéticos desde a nucleação à aniquilação e efeitos de variação de dimensões de disco (diâmetro e espessura) e anisotropia magnética (multicamadas Co/Pt).
The manipulation and control of magnetic properties in size reduced materials have attracted a great interest in the last years. For micrometric or submicron magnetic structures different magnetic configurations are energetically accessible. Magnetic vortex noteworthy belongs to those configurations, and often represents the lowest energy configuration. Nowadays, it appears in a number of technological research ranging from the magnetic storage (VRAM) to the biofunctionalized microdisks for cancer treatment. In a magnetic vortex configuration, magnetostatic energy is minimized by in-plane closed flux domain structure and this curling magnetization turns out of the plane at the centre of the vortex structure. The chirality (direction of rotation of the in-plane magnetization) and polarization (up or down direction of the vortex core) are two topological features that characterize a magnetic vortex. In spite of the great effort on this matter, a controlled manipulation of magnetic vortex features was not reached. A critical aspect for the technological application of magnetic vortex structures is the uniformity and reproducibility of the reversal behavior of the particle magnetization. The vortex core size and the related value of its overall magnetization are also very relevant for the use of such magnetic structures. It is usually considered that the size of the vortex core depends on parameters such as anisotropy, thickness and diameter of the magnetic disk. In this work, regular arrays of Co/Pt multilayers disks with diameter of 1 and 2 μm and pemalloy disks with diameter in the range 5 -17 μm, both nanometer-thick, were investigated by Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) and magnetization measurements (VSM and PPMS). The results show the existence of magnetic vortex states for the samples, depending on the disk diameter. Furthermore, it was investigated the magnetic properties of the magnetic vortex, since the nucleation to annihilation, and the effect of variation of disk dimensions (diameter and thickness) and magnetic anisotropy (Co/Pt multilayers).

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Zhang, Wenxu. "Magnetism, Structure and their Interactions". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1215950409324-02446.

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In my work, magnetic and structural transitions of three categories of compounds are investigated by density functional calculations under local spin density approximation (LSDA). The first compound is Rh2MnGe with full Heusler structure at ambient condition. However, the structure is unstable at T=0 according to our calculations. A more stable structure we found is tetragonal one with either extension or compression along c-axis. The electronic reason of this distortion is the band Jahn-Teller effect where the Jahn-Teller active states are 4d states of Rh which is accidently put at the Fermi level by spin splitting. Then, magnetic moment behavior under pressure in itinerant compounds is investigated in four cubic Laves phase compounds (YFe2, ZrFe2, HfFe2, and LuFe2). The magnetic spin moment is decreased under pressure. A magnetic collapse where the spin moment vanishes is predicted under pressure around 20 GPa for Zr and Hf compounds, 40 GPa for Y and Lu compounds. The behavior of the magnetic moment is the result of competition between magnetic exchange interactions and kinetic energy during the compression of the volume, as described by the Stoner model. The last material investigated is CoO using LDSA+U in order to describe the strong Coulombic interaction of the transition metal ion. The pressure induced a magnetic transition, which was discovered in experiments, is explained by the competition between ligand field splitting and exchange energy. The ligand field splitting is increased under pressure, and suppresses the intraatomic exchange. As a result, the spin state changes from high spin to low spin, and at last to nonmagnetic state.

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Pojar, Mariana. "Estudo das propriedades magnéticas de um objeto microestruturado através do SNOM-MO". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-30032009-110159/.

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Nanociência e nanotecnologia se tornaram palavras-chaves para o desenvolvimento científico da maioria das áreas de pesquisa, inclusive a de magnetismo. Por esta razão, há forte demanda por instrumentos capazes de caracterizar sistemas em escalas nanométricas. O Microscópio Ótico de Varredura em Campo Próximo no Modo Magnetoótico (SNOM-MO) se insere neste contexto por ser uma técnica de microscopia com boa resolução espacial e alta sensibilidade magnética, estimada em DM= 2 x 10-12 emu. Ao contrário da microscopia ótica tradicional, os SNOMs detetam a radiação eletromagnética evanescente e conseqüentemente, a resolução não é limitada pelo critério de Rayleigh. O SNOM-MO demonstrou ser uma poderosa ferramenta para obter informações magnéticas locais através de medidas de susceptibilidade diferencial e de ciclos de histerese locais. Utilizando essa segunda ferramenta, foi feito um mapeamento micromagnético experimental do vetor magnetização sobre um objeto quadrado de 2m de CoFeSiBNb amorfo. As medidas obtidas forneceram informações sobre as duas quiralidades existentes em uma estrutura de domínios magnéticos de fechamento, cujo comportamento é determinado pela anisotropia de forma. O estudo também evidenciou que pinnings gerados por defeitos na superfície do objeto exercem grande influência sobre a evolução dos vetores magnetização. Devido à grande quantidade de informações locais este estudo se torna uma potencial base de dados para o desenvolvimento de modelos teóricos mais precisos e completos. Os resultados experimentais obtidos apresentam resolução melhor que 125 nm. O mapeamento nos possibilitou acesso a comportamentos magnéticos intrinsecamente locais que motivaram uma interessante discussão sobre informações de pinnings magnéticos, rotações da magnetização, campos de reversão, processos de reversibilidade da magnetização e anisotropia local. Além disso, atenção especial foi dada para a otimização instrumental dessa técnica com o objetivo de tornar o SNOM-MO um instrumento de medida com resolução nanométrica. Entre esses esforços destacamos a produção de pontas pela técnica do FIB e a introdução de um novo sistema ótico que contribuiu de forma significativa para um melhor controle da polarização da luz.
Nanoscience and nanotechnology have become keywords for scientific development in most areas of research, including magnetism. For this reason, there is a strong demand for tools devoted to nano-scale characterization. The Magnetooptical Scanning Near Field Optical Microscope (SNOM-MO) falls in this context due to be a technique of microscopy with high spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity, estimated to be DM = 2 x 10-12 emu. In contrast to traditional optical microscopes, SNOM deals with evanescent electromagnetic radiation and, consequently, the resolution is no longer limited by the Rayleigh criterion. The SNOM-MO is a powerful tool to obtain local magnetic information through differential susceptibility and local hysteresis loops. Using this last technique, an experimental micromagnetic mapping was made for the magnetization vector on a square amorphous CoFeSiBNb object. The experimental results obtained provided information about the two chiralities existing in its closure magnetic domain structure, whose behavior is determined mainly by the shape anisotropy. The study also showed that pinnings generated by defects on surface´s object exerted great influence on the dynamic of the magnetization vectors. Due to the large amount of local magnetic information, this kind of study becomes a potential background for the development of more accurate and complete theoretical models. The experimental results demonstrate resolution better than 125 nm. This study has allowed us to access intrinsic magnetic behaviors that motivated an interesting discussion about magnetic pinnings, rotation of magnetization, reversal magnetic fields and local anisotropy. In addition, also special attention was given to the optimization of instrumental technique in order to make the SNOM-MO a measurement instrument with nanometer resolution. Among these efforts we emphasize the production of tips by FIB technique and the introduction of a new optical system which has significantly contributed to a better control of polarization of light.

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Nascimento, Ulisses Magalhães. "Preparação, caracterização e testes catalíticos de um fotocatalisador magnético (Fe3O4/TiO2) na degradação de um poluente-modelo: acid blue 9". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-23042013-112144/.

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A aplicação de semicondutores no tratamento de água e efluentes líquidos é uma tecnologia de remediação ambiental promissora, em especial para poluentes orgânicos. Entre os vários semicondutores que também são fotocatalisadores, o TiO2 é amplamente usado em aplicações ambientais, por ser inerte biológica e quimicamente, ter elevado potencial de oxidação, baixo custo e estabilidade frente à corrosão. Entretanto, o TiO2 também tem algumas desvantagens, tais como: ele é excitado apenas por luz UV e requer uma operação unitária adicional (por exemplo, filtração ou centrifugação) para o reuso do catalisador. Para contornar estas limitações, usou-se um procedimento simples para a síntese de um fotocatalisador magnético (Fe3O4/TiO2) com alta área superficial específica e atividade catalítica, quando comparado com o TiO2 P25 da Evonik. O fotocatalisador foi sintetizado através de um procedimento em três etapas: (1) Partículas α-Fe2O3 foram obtidas por precipitação de uma solução de FeCl3.6H2O 0.01 mol L-1, que foi submetida a uma hidrólise forçada à 100°C por 48 h; (2) Partículas de α-Fe2O3/TiO2 foram obtidas por heterocoagulação de oxi-hidróxidos de Ti(IV) sobre as partículas de α-Fe2O3, as quais foram calcinada a 500°C por 2 h; e (3) As partículas \"casaca/caroço\" do fotocatalisador foram obtidas por calcinação a 400°C por 1 h sob atmosfera redutora (H2). A atividade fotocatalítica do material sintetizado foi avaliada aplicando-o no descoramento de uma solução do corante Azul Ácido 9 (C.I. 42090). Os efeitos do pH e da concentração de catalisador foram estimados por meio de um planejamento fatorial 22. Foi obtido um fotocatalisador com área superficial específica de 202 m2 g-1, facilmente separável do meio reacional em aproximadamente 2 min com o auxílio de um ímã. O fotocatalisador apresentou absorção em toda a região do visível. A maior remoção de cor (54%) foi obtida com pH 3,0, 1,0 g L-1 de catalisador e 2 horas de reação.
The use of semiconductors for treating polluted waters and wastewaters is a promising environmental remediation technology, especially for organic pollutants. Among the several semiconductors that are also photocatalysts, TiO2 is extensively used for environmental application, due to its biological and chemical inertness, high oxidation power, low cost, and stability regarding corrosion. However, TiO2 also has some disadvantages, such as: it is only UV-excited and requires an additional unit operation (e.g. filtration or centrifugation) for reuse purposes. In order to work around those limitations, a simple procedure for synthesizing a magnetic photocatalyst (Fe3O4/TiO2), with high specific surface area and good photocatalytic activity when compared to Evonik\'s TiO2 P25, was used. The photocatalyst was synthesized in a three-step procedure: (1) α-Fe2O3 particles were obtained, by precipitation, from FeCl3.6H2O 0.01 mol L-1, which underwent a forced acid hydrolysis at 100°C for 48 h; (2) α-Fe2O3/TiO2 particles were obtained, by heterocoagulation, of Ti(IV) oxide species on the α-Fe2O3, followed by calcination at 500°C for 2 h; and (3) The core/shell photocatalyst particles were obtained by calcination the α-Fe2O3/TiO2 particles at 400°C for 1 h under reducing atmosphere (H2). The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized material was assessed by the color removal of an Acid Blue 9 (C.I. 42090) dye solution. pH and catalyst dosage effects were estimated by a 22 factorial design. Fe3O4/TiO2 core/shell particles with specific surface area of 202 m2 g-1were obtained. They were easily separated from the reaction medium, in approximately 2 min, with the aid of a magnet. The photocatalyst absorbed radiation throughout the visible spectrum. The greatest color removal (54%) was achieved with pH 3.0, 1.0 g L-1 of photocatalyst, and 2 h of reaction.

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Jaqueto, Plinio Francisco. "Magnetism of a speleothem from Midwest Brazil and paleoclimatic implications". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14132/tde-31052017-165938/.

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This thesis provides a detailed study of environmental magnetism in a speleothem. It focuses on a stalagmite from Pau DAlho cave (15°1220S, 56°4841W) located in Rosário dOeste, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. This speleothem grew during the past 1355 years, with average growth rate of ~168 mm/ka and encompasses two key events in the South American Summer Monsoon (SASM), the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA), major dry and wet, respectively. The rock magnetic experiments conducted, include isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) and anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM) acquisition curves, thermal demagnetization of three-axis IRM acquisition, hysteresis loops, first order reversal curves (FORC) and low-temperature SQUID magnetometry experiments. The main magnetic remanence carriers in the stalagmite are magnetite and goethite, with a nearly constant relative proportion. Magnetite has remanent coercivities between 14-17 mT, and its magnetic properties are similar to those produced by pedogenic processes. Magnetic remanence is broadly correlated with carbon and oxygen isotope data throughout most of the speleothem, suggesting that precipitation and soil dynamics above the cave exert a strong control on the input of magnetic minerals into the Pau dAlho cave system. Dry periods like the MCA are associated with less stable soils that result in higher mineral fluxes carried into karst systems via groundwater, while conversely, colder and wetter periods like the LIA are associated with soils topped by denser vegetation that are more capable of retaining micrometer-scale pedogenic minerals, and thus reduce mineral fluxes into karst environments.
Esta tese fornece um estudo detalhado do magnetismo ambiental de espeleotemas. Este estudo é feito em uma estalagmite da caverna Pau D\'Alho (15 ° 12\'20 \"S, 56 ° 48\'41\" W), localizado em Rosário d\'Oeste, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Este espeleotema cresceu durante os últimos 1355 anos, com taxa média de crescimento de ~ 168 mm/ka e engloba dois eventos climáticos do Sistema de Monção Sul-americano (SMSA), a Anomalia Climática do Medieval (ACM) e a Pequena Idade do Gelo (PIG), eventos secos e molhados, respectivamente. Os experimentos de magnetismo de rocha incluem: magnetização remanecte isotermal (MRI), ciclos de histerese, magnetização remanente anisterética (MRA), desmagnetização térmica em três eixos, first order reversal curves (FORC) e experimentos de baixa temperatura. Os principais portadore magnéticos na estalagmite são magnetita e goethita, com uma proporção relativa quase constante. A magnetita tem coercividades entre 14-17 mT, e as suas propriedades magnéticas são semelhantes às produzidas por processos pedogênicos. As remanências magnéticas são amplamente correlacionadas com dados de isótopos de carbono e oxigênio durante o registro, sugerindo que a precipitação e a dinâmica do solo acima da caverna exerce um forte controle na entrada de minerais magnéticos no sistema de cavernas Pau d\'Alho. Períodos secos como o ACM estão associados a solos menos estáveis, que resultam em maiores fluxos de minerais detríticos carreados para o sistema de cavernas, ao passo que, inversamente, os períodos frios e chuvosos como a LIA estão associados a solos cobertos pela vegetação mais densa que são mais capazes de reter minerais pedogênicos de escala micrométrica, e, assim, diminuir os fluxos de minerais detríticos para o sistema de cavernas.

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Ghannadzadeh, Saman. "Investigating magnetism and superconductivity using high magnetic fields". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4b78618e-89a3-424e-a673-59d363a2605d.

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This thesis investigates a number of transition-metal coordination polymers and iron-pnictide superconductors through the use of high magnetic fields, low temperatures, and on occasion, high pressures. The thesis will begin by describing my development of the proximity detector dynamic susceptometer, a novel technique that can be used for magnetometery and transport measurements in high magnetic fields. This technique is highly compact and has no moving parts, making it suitable for use in pressure cells, hence opening the way for a variety of new experiments. Through high-field magnetometery and other measurements, I will demonstrate that the pressure can be used to directly control the magnetic properties of the polymeric magnet CuF₂(H₂O)₂(pyrazine). In particular, I observe a transition from quasi-two-dimensional to quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnetism at 9~kbar, driven by the rotation of the Jahn-Teller axis. I will then present a series of measurements on two coordination polymers, showing how a small chemical difference can lead to drastically different magnetic properties. I show that [Cu(pyrazine)H₂O(glycine)₂]ClO₄ is an excellent spin-chain, while the sister compound [Cu(pyrazine)(glycine)]ClO₄ is a dimerised material that shows a spin-gap and is disordered down to very low temperatures, but then undergoes a field-induced phase transition to an ordered phase. I will also describe a series of pulsed-field measurements of the upper critical field of the iron-based superconductors NaFe_1-xCo_xAs across the whole of the doping phase diagram. It is shown that paramagnetic pair-breaking effects dominate the critical field when the field is parallel to the crystal planes. In the parent compound the paramagnetic limit is equal to that expected from BCS theory, but becomes significantly enhanced above the BCS limit upon doping. It is shown that the multi-band nature of the superconductivity leads to a convex curvature in the evolution of the critical field as the temperature is reduced.

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Fan, Yichun. "Optical Characterization of Magnetism in Magnetic/Nonmagnetic Heterostructures". W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623362.

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This thesis focuses on the study of the static and dynamic magnetic interactions in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic heterostructures using interface-specific and time-resolved optical techniques. The goal of this thesis is to elucidate the interface exchange coupling, magnetic anisotropy, and coherent spin dynamics in these advanced material systems, crucial to the realization of high performance spintronic devices.;First, a pronounced exchange bias (EB) phenomenon is observed in Fe/MgO (001) by magnetic second harmonic generation. The bulk magnetization does not, in marked contrast to typical systems where EB is manifested only in the net magnetization. The magnitude of the exchange bias varies with interface oxygen concentration, suggesting that the pinning layer originates from local FeO nanoclusters formation. Temperature and strain dependent studies show that the lattice mismatch between MgO and Fe enhances the FeO nanoclusters blocking temperature above room temperature. Our results have broad implications for understanding ferromagnet/oxide heterostructures, and provide new insights into the interface spin system and exchange bias.;Second, the magnetization reversal process within the first two iron layers at the Fe/GaAs(001) interface is found to be different and independent from the Fe bulk, as measured by magnetic second-harmonic generation and magneto-optical Kerr effect, respectively. The interface magnetization is largely noncollinear from the bulk with an abrupt magnetic boundary and an anisotropic exchange coupling stiffness, weak inter-layer coupling but relatively strong intra-layer stiffness. In contrast, Fe/GaAs(110) exhibits a rigid coupling between interface and bulk magnetization suggesting that the interfacial bonding structure can dramatically change the nature of the exchange coupling. These results are consistent with the observation of noncollinear alignment of interface and bulk magnetization in Fe/MgO(001), and also relevant to other magnetic/non-magnetic interfaces with abrupt chemical bond structures.;Last, the relaxation mechanism of coherent spin precession is investigated in single crystalline Fe/CoO/MgO(001) heterostructure by time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. at 78K, the intrinsic damping property is enhanced by AF spins in CoO layer for thicknesses of 2.5 nm and 4 nm. In contrast, for thicknesses of 1 nm and 1.5 nm or at room temperature, the damping process is dominated by a dephasing effect caused by disordered AF spin clusters.

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Książki na temat "Magnetism"

Mattis, Daniel Charles. The theory of magnetism. Wyd. 2. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985.

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Yoshihito, Miyako, Takayama H. 1945- i Miyashita S. 1954-, red. Frontiers in magnetism: Metallic magnetism, glassy magnetism, quantum magnetism. Tokyo: Physical Society of Japan, 2000.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. Magnetism: Basics and applications. Berlin: Springer, 2012.

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Hartman, Eve. Magnetism and electromagnets. Chicago, Ill: Raintree, 2008.

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Murthy, N. S. Satya. Magnetism. New Delhi: Indian National Science Academy, 1985.

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Riley, Peter D. Magnetism. New York: Franklin Watts, 1999.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. Magnetism. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22977-0.

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de Lacheisserie, Étienne du Trémolet, Damien Gignoux i Michel Schlenker, red. Magnetism. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1129-8.

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Du Trémolet de Lacheisserie, Etienne., Gignoux D i Schlenker M. 1940-, red. Magnetism. Norwell, Mass: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002.

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Du Trémolet de Lacheisserie, Etienne., Gignoux D i Schlenker M. 1940-, red. Magnetism. New York: Springer, 2005.

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Części książek na temat "Magnetism"

Jakubovics, J. P. "Fundamentals of magnetism". W Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1–7. Wyd. 2. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003422044-1.

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Aeppli, Gabriel, i Philip Stamp. "Quantum Magnetism". W Handbook of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 261–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63210-6_5.

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Taran, Gheorghe, Edgar Bonet i Wolfgang Wernsdorfer. "Molecular Magnetism". W Handbook of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63101-7_18-1.

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Aeppli, Gabriel, i Philip Stamp. "Quantum Magnetism". W Handbook of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63101-7_5-1.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. "Traditional Magnetism". W Magnetism, 1–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22977-0_1.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. "Micromagnetism and the Magnetization Process". W Magnetism, 39–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22977-0_2.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. "Magnetic Nondestructive Testing Techniques". W Magnetism, 69–106. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22977-0_3.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. "Basis of Magneto-Optical Applications and Materials". W Magnetism, 107–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22977-0_4.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. "Thermoelectrics, Thermomagnetics, Magnetoelectrics, and Multiferroics". W Magnetism, 147–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22977-0_5.

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Stefanita, Carmen-Gabriela. "Giant Magnetoresistance. Spin Valves". W Magnetism, 189–233. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22977-0_6.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Magnetism"

Saylymby, Dayana Yu, Petr G. Dyadkov i Nikolay Ed Mikhaltsov. "Curie temperature of the rocks of the Zarechenskay magnetic anomaly (East coast of Lake Baikal)". W Недропользование. Горное дело. Направления и технологии поиска, разведки и разработки месторождений полезных ископаемых. Экономика. Геоэкология. Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт нефтегазовой геологии и геофизики им. А.А. Трофимука Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18303/b978-5-4262-0102-6-2020-064.

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The Curie temperature of rock samples of the Zarechenskaya magnetic anomaly region is determined. The source of this anomaly is an array of Archean rocks, composed mainly of gneiss–granits. The obtained values of the Curie temperature indicate that the magnetism of these rocks is due to magnetite. Both knowledge of the Curie temperature and the magnetic mineral responsible for the magnetism of this rock massive is important for interpreting the results of tectonomagnetic monitoring performed here since 1984, as well as for solving geothermal problems.

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Huang, H. L., i P. C. Kuo. "Recent Advances in Magnetism and Magnetic Materials". W Fifth Symposium on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814540957.

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Leccabue, F., i V. Sagredo. "Magnetism, Magnetic Materials and Their Applications". W Proceedings of III Latin American Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814530996.

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Zou, Shou-Jyun, i Shun-Jen Cheng. "Magnetism of magnetic ion doped semiconductor nanocrystals". W SPIE NanoScience + Engineering, redaktorzy Henri-Jean Drouhin, Jean-Eric Wegrowe i Manijeh Razeghi. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2023623.

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BLOOMFIELD, L. A., J. DENG, H. ZHANG i J. W. EMMERT. "MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC ISOMERS IN CHROMIUM CLUSTERS". W Proceedings of the International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812793805_0016.

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Brownlee, Carson, Benjamin Brown, John Clyne, Chems Touati, Kelly Gaither i Charles Hansen. "Stellar magnetism". W the 2011 companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2148600.2148679.

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Oliveira, Samuel L., i Stephen C. Rand. "Optical magnetism". W 2007 Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/qels.2007.4431630.

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Peterson, Gerald A. "Nuclear magnetism". W Bates 25: celebrating 25 years of beam to experiment. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1291498.

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Kopnov, Gregory, Zeev Vager i Ron Naaman. "Interface Magnetism". W Proceedings of the International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies (Symposium P). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812709547_0011.

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Li, Guo-dong. "Contemporary Magnetic Materials and Magnetism: Research and Applications". W Proceedings of the Symposium F. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704344_0015.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Magnetism"

Lee, Breanne. Magnetism. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-577.

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Epstein, Arthur J. Photoinduced Magnetism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, grudzień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada419518.

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Menon, Madhu. Magnetism in Non-Traditional Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1093258.

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Lerch, Irving. Ukrainian Summer School on Magnetism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzec 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada292394.

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MacDonald, Allan H., i Liesl Folks. International Conference on Magnetism 2018. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1582303.

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Lashley, Jason, i Borje Johansson. The Actinides: Magnetism or Bonding? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1897413.

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Tsui, Frank. Structure and magnetism in novel group IV element-based magnetic materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), sierpień 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1249353.

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Persoons, Andre. Magnetism in Pristine Pi-conjugated Polymers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada611575.

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Meier, William Richard. Growth, properties and magnetism of CaKFe4As4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1505176.

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O`Handley, R. C., i M. Oliveria. Oxides and surface magnetism. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/661591.

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