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Possetti, Rafaela Bermudez. "Avaliação do impacto da estação de tratamento de esgoto (ETE) do município de Araraquara - SP, no manancial Ribeirão das Cruzes, pela utilização dos macroinvertebrados aquáticos como bioindicadores". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-11052016-112455/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe hydric resources are essential to life, since they are part of the metabolic processes in living organisms. Along the years, as human activity has increased and its consequent impacts have caused a high concern in order to preserve such resources. In order to have water consumption by humans, it needs to be treated, making it potable. Thus, effluents that originate in human activities - especially domestic sewage - must be treated before being released to the receiving water body, reducing the possibility of environmental impact. In aquatic ecosystems, macroinvertebrates are being used along the last years as a tool to evaluate environmental quality. Once known the problem caused by the release of domestic effluents in rivers and streams, the present project aims to study the macroinvertebrates community within the Cruzes stream, upstream and downstream the area of wastewater treatment effluents from Araraquara municipality. The macroinvertebrates were collected in two seasons of the year at four different points, using network \"D\" by kick sampling method. Along the collection, steps were taken in place of the dissolved oxygen content, pH, electrical conductivity, water temperature, sediment to determine the content of organic matter and water for phosphorus and total nitrogen analysis. The organisms were identified at family level except Chironomidae identified to genera or species for subsequent application of biotic and community levels. The results show that there were changes in the community structure and a decrease in the richness of aquatic macroinvertebrates after the ETE (Treatment Sewage Station) in Araraquara. The exclusive presence Chironomus genre at the point after ETE points to a high environmental impact.
Pinder, Adrian. "Ecology of macroinvertebrates in seasonal wetlands". Thesis, Pinder, Adrian (1986) Ecology of macroinvertebrates in seasonal wetlands. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 1986. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41489/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBéjar, Maceiras María. "Interactions between sediment transport, physical habitat and benthic communities in a mountainous river affected by natural and human disturbances". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664346.
Pełny tekst źródłaEsta tesis doctoral analiza las interacciones entre los procesos físicos (transporte de sedimentos, caudal y hábitat) y ecológicos (comunidades bentónicas, deriva de macroinvertebrados) afectados por perturbaciones naturales (crecidas y entrada de afluentes) y antrópicas (extracción de áridos e hidropuntas) en un rio de montaña (el alto Cinca, en el sur de los Pirineos). Dichos procesos y sus interacciones se han evaluado desde una escala instantánea hasta anual, y desde la escala de partícula a la escala de tramo. La identificación de las escalas de interacción así como el uso de nuevas técnicas de muestreo han demostrado ser relevantes para el estudio de la relación especie-hábitat y constituyen, por ello, un nuevo ejemplo de integración eco-geomorfológica que contribuye al conocimiento de los sistemas fluviales y apoya la gestión sostenible de los mismos.
This doctoral thesis presents new insights on the interactions between physical (sediment transport, flow and habitat) and ecological (benthic communities, macroinvertebrate drift) processes driven by natural (tributaries, floods) and human disturbances (gravel mining and hydropeaking) in a montane river (the upper Cinca, Southern Pyrenees). The work addresses processes and interactions spanning instantaneous to annual temporal scales, and from grain to river reach scale. Identification of the key scales of interaction and the integration of sampling techniques that provide continuous and high density measurements are shown to provide sound knowledge into species-habitat relations and, in turn, a firm evidence supporting the rational assessment and sustainable management of fluvial ecosystems.
Christman, Van D. "Ecology of benthic macroinvertebrates in experimental ponds". Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134927/.
Pełny tekst źródłaJohansson, Andreas. "Effects of beaver dams on benthic macroinvertebrates". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396803.
Pełny tekst źródłaLage, Fernanda. "Aplicação da tríade de qualidade do sedimento em análise espacial no reservatório do Guarapiranga (SP, Brasil)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41134/tde-19032014-141437/.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith the purpose to know the history of the benthic community in Guarapiranga reservoir for future study about the influence of different sources of pollution in the reservoir over zoobenthos, this study was conducted to collect historical data of benthic fauna and variation in community structure. Four studies conducted during winter in four regions of the reservoir medium-profundal (Guarapiranga, Embu-Mirim, Embu-Guaçu and Parelheiros) over the years, 1939, 1976, 1996 and 2010 were analysed. The best richness of data presented in the works reflected the evolution of knowledge in limnological studies, in Brazil and worldwide. The density of Oligochaeta had an increase over the years as well as the Chaoboridae. On the other hand, Chironomidae presented 30% in the 70\' community and was not representative anymore in 2010. The environment showed strong organic enrichment for all regions along the years, and this has contributed to a greater diversity of detritivorous groups (Tubificinae and Naidinae - Oligochaeta), for example. The dissolved oxygen levels at the bottom declined over the years in all regions. Attention is called to the necessity of biomonitoring in 4 regions of the reservoir, using benthic macroinvertebrates and physical and chemical sediment analyses and the adoption of a new way of managing this system
Faísca, Pedro Miguel Portela. "Comparison of organic matter decomposition between natural and artificial ponds". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/24405.
Pełny tekst źródłaMendoza, Barberá Guillermo de. "Lake macroinvertebrates and the altitudinal gradient in the Pyrenees / Los macroinvertebrados lacustres y el gradiente altitudinal en los Pirineos". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/120427.
Pełny tekst źródła“Lake macroinvertebrates and the altitudinal gradient in the Pyrenees [Los macroinvertebrados lacustres y el gradiente altitudinal en los Pirineos]” es una tesis sobre las comunidades de macroinvertebrados acuáticos que habitan la zona litoral de los lagos de montaña de los Pirineos, y sobre el efecto de la altitud en la composición y riqueza de especies de estas comunidades. La investigación se efectúa analizando la importancia relativa de los componentes ambientales y espaciales del gradiente altitudinal sobre las comunidades de macroinvertebrados. Para ello, se comparan diferentes grupos de macroinvertebrados, de distinta idiosincrasia ecológica, incluyendo diferencias en cuanto a capacidad de dispersión. La resolución taxonómica con la que se analizan los datos es elevada, lo cual permite comparaciones entre grupos a nivel de especie, útiles para contrastar teorías ecológicas de uso actual. Las conclusiones de la tesis son las siguientes: 1) Los patrones de distribución altitudinal de los macroinvertebrados lacustres son consecuencia tanto de la influencia selectiva del ambiente, como de la dispersión, un proceso de naturaleza más estocástica. 2) Los distintos factores ambientales que covarían con la altitud no son igualmente relevantes para todos los grupos de macroinvertebrados. 3) Los lagos de montaña son islas biogeográficas. 4) La similaridad entre las comunidades es ligeramente mayor, y la estocasticidad en el ensamblaje de las mismas ligeramente menor, en altitudes intermedias. 5) La influencia de la dinámica estocástica del ambiente también contribuye a explicar los patrones de riqueza de especies. 6) Las cuencas de los ríos principales no juegan un papel relevante en la similaridad de las comunidades, que es más dependiente de la altitud de los lagos. 7) Existe un umbral ecológico para las comunidades de macro-invertebrados, situado a una altitud aproximada de 2550 m, que afecta a todos los grupos que responden a los cambios ambientales asociados a la altitud, pero con independencia de su estrategia de dispersión. 8) El umbral altitudinal, debido a su naturaleza ambiental, posiblemente se desplazará hacia arriba en altitud con el cambio climático actual. 9) El cambio global afectará a las comunidades de macroinvertebrados de los lagos de montaña a través de varios de sus componentes, incluyendo cambio climático, pérdida y fragmentación de hábitat, y especies invasoras, los cuales pueden mostrar también efectos de interacción mutua.
Garey, Andrew L. "The Effects of Hydropeaking on Lotic Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages". VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4057.
Pełny tekst źródłaThoresson, Joakim. "Effects of a fish farm on downstream macroinvertebrates". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150565.
Pełny tekst źródłaGabel, Friederike. "Impacts of ship-induced waves on benthic macroinvertebrates". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16498.
Pełny tekst źródłaInland navigation is a major human use of rivers and lakes worldwide which is expected to increase in the future. It significantly affects shore habitats by ship-induced waves. In contrast to the importance of such pressures, the effects of these hydrodynamic disturbances on benthic invertebrates in the littoral zones are poorly understood, even that invertebrates are a central element of littoral food webs. Hence, I investigated 1) the direct and immediate effects of ship-waves on benthic invertebrates, 2) their subsequent effects on trophic interactions and 3) on the growth and fitness of invertebrates, and finally 4) the long-term effects on the community composition. Laboratory and field experiments showed increasing detachment of invertebrates with higher wave-induced shear stress. Detachment was significantly mitigated by higher structural complexity of the habitats, as complex habitats dissipate wave energy and provide better fixing possibilities. Moreover dislodgement of invertebrates led to a higher risk of being preyed upon by fusiform fish, while deep bodied fish reduced feeding under waves. Waves also reduced growth and fitness of native invertebrates via reduced feeding or increased energy costs, while non-native invertebrates were not affected. The cumulative impact of ship-waves alters the community composition of benthic invertebrates. The abundance of native invertebrates and total species richness was lower at exposed sites, while non-native invertebrates increased in abundance. Thus, ship-waves affect benthic invertebrates on the individual, species, and community levels, as well as the interaction of trophic levels, and hence will alter the ecological structure and function of whole littoral zones. Adverse effects of ship-waves may be mitigated by protecting structural complex habitats such as tree roots and dense reed belts, and by minimizing wave generation by increasing minimum sailing distance to shore or by adjusting vessel speed.
Lee, David George. "Environmental change and freshwater macroinvertebrates at Wicken Fen, Cambridgeshire". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.254522.
Pełny tekst źródłaDrummond, Laura Rose. "Influence of habitat drying on New Zealand stream macroinvertebrates". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6471.
Pełny tekst źródłaO'Hare, Matthew Thomas. "Flow preferences of benthic macroinvertebrates in three Scottish rivers". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312705.
Pełny tekst źródłaLandström, Emelie. "Resource use by macroinvertebrates within boreal stream food webs". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105593.
Pełny tekst źródłaMendes, Tânia Marisa Neves. "Combined assessment of streams based on diatoms and macroinvertebrates". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/9527.
Pełny tekst źródłaAs diatomáceas e os macroinvertebrados fornecem informação complementar na avaliação da qualidade da água. No entanto, os métodos utilizados para esse fim têm sido desenvolvidos separadamente para as duas comunidades. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se um modelo preditivo baseado nos dois elementos biológicos produz uma avaliação mais simplista e simultaneamente mais holística e robusta da qualidade dos ecossistemas face aos métodos individuais, os quais necessitam de ser combinados posteriormente, usualmente com base na abordagem “one-out al-out”. Para tal, foram utilizados dois métodos, RIVPACS e BEAST, devido às suas diferentes características, especialmente porque o RIVPACS utiliza dados de presença/ausência enquanto o BEAST utiliza dados de abundância. Foram construídos 6 modelos preditivos para o território português: dois para as diatomáceas, dois para os macroinvertebrados e dois integrando as duas comunidades. Nas primaveras de 2004 e 2005 foram simultaneamente amostradas diatomáceas e macroinvertebrados de 143 locais minimamente perturbados. Foram selecionados 23 locais afetados por contaminação orgânica, efluentes industriais e minas do centro de Portugal para serem utilizados como locais teste. O modelo RIV INV+DIAT atribuiu a mesma classe de qualidade do que o método “one-out all-out” a cerca de 70% dos locais teste, enquanto o BEAST INV+DIAT apenas partilhou cerca de 40% dos locais com a mesma classe. As respostas dos diferentes métodos (incluindo o “one-out all-out”) à degradação ambiental foram avaliadas através de correlações de Spearman. Apesar do RIVPACS ser menos sensível do que o BEAST, demonstrou funcionar melhor quando se combinam as duas comunidades. O tipo de dados influenciou a avaliação dos dois métodos demonstrando ser apenas fiável integrar as diatomáceas e os macroinvertebrados num único método usando dados de presença/ausência.
Diatoms and macroinvertebrates provide complementary information on stream water quality. However, classification methods have been developed separately for the two biological elements. The aim of the present study was to assess if a predictive model based on the evaluation of biodiversity using taxa from both biological elements, produces a simpler and simultaneously more holistic and accurate assessment of stream health than individual methods. These classifications need to be combined later, usually based on “one-out all-out” approach. For that purpose, two different approaches were used, BEAST and RIVPACS, due to their different characteristics, mostly because RIVPACS uses presence/absence data while BEAST uses abundance. Six predictive models were built for the entire Portuguese territory: two for diatoms, two for macroinvertebrates and two combining diatom and macroinvertebrate communities. Data from 143 minimally disturbed sites sampled simultaneously for diatoms and invertebrates in the spring of 2004 and 2005 were used to calibrate and validate the models. For all the six predictive models, 23 impacted streams from central Portugal affected by organic contamination, industrial effluents and mine drainage were used as test sites. The RIV INV+DIAT model shared with “one-out all-out” approach about 70% of the test sites with the same quality class while the BEAST INV+DIAT model only shared about 40%. The responses to the environmental degradation of the different approaches (including the “one-out all-out”) were analyzed through a Spearman correlation. In spite of the less sensitive RIVPACS approach results in comparison to BEAST, it showed to work better when the two biological elements were joined. The type of data influenced the assessment of the two approaches and diatoms and macroinvertebrates can be integrated reliably into a single method using only the presence/absence type of data.
Jakobsson, Ellinor. "Seasonal community dynamics of macroinvertebrates in an Arctic stream". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160186.
Pełny tekst źródłaSong, Mi-Young. "Ecological quality assessment of stream ecosystems using benthic macroinvertebrates". Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/224/.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this study, we applied the SOM for ecological assessment using benthic macroinvertebrates in aquatic ecosystem. First, Chapter I, SOM was utilized to extract information from complex data of environmental variables and benthic macroinvertebrate communities residing in different micro-habitats. Although the sampling was carried out in a limited area, the patterns of environmental variables revealed spatial heterogeneity. The clustering of benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the trained SOM was efficient in showing temporal variation and evaluating water quality according to the conditions of different micro-habitats. Consequently, local spatial heterogeneity is important in revealing dynamics of community abundance and biotic indices, especially regarding restoration processes in polluted streams. Chapter II, the samples were grouped into three main clusters corresponding to distinc EPTC assemblages in the tributary streams of the Garonne River catchment, southern France. Lower richness and diversity of macroinvertebrates were observed in the areas affected by agricultural land use, being associated with high Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Nitrate (NO3) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Tolerant EPTC species were identified as controlling parameters for the changes in the assemblages collected at the agricultural-impacted sites. .
Câmara, Carla Daniela. "Critérios e indicadores para monitoramento hidrológico de florestas plantadas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-12052006-111320/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study proposes a new analysis of data from hydrological monitoring of seven experimental catchments considering that the monitored hydrological variables can be used as indicators for forest management quality. The objectives of the study were: a) select, among the monitored variables potential indicators for the hydrological monitoring of planted forests; b) investigate weather macroinvertebrate community can be used as biological variable. The study was carried out in catchments covered by Eucalyptus forests located in the Municipalities of Guaíba, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Itatinga, State of São Paulo, Alagoinhas, State of Bahia and Imperatriz, State of Maranhão; catchment covered by native forests in the Municipality of Imperatriz State of Maranhão and catchments used as pastureland in the Municipalities of Guaíba, State of Rio Grande do Sul and Imperatriz, State of Maranhão. The study involved data analysis of precipitation, streamflow and water quality variables measured during different periods and the study of the macroinvertebrate community during one-year period. As a result, 12 variables according to 3 criteria of forest sustainable management were selected. The criteria and indicators are the following: 1 - maintenance of catchment hydrologycal processes and forest management quality, for which the indicators are water balance, peak flow, suspended solids, turbidity, conductivity, phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, potassium, water temperature and benthic macroinvertebrate community; 2 maintenance of soil productivity, with the indicators phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and suspended solids, and the third criteria, maintenance of the dynamic equilibrium of aquatic ecosystem, with the indicators dissolved oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, water temperature, suspended solids, pH, and benthic macroinvertebrate community
Beghelli, Frederico Guilherme de Souza [UNESP]. "As relações de organismos bentônicos bioindicadores com a poluição por metais e metaloides em represas do sistema Cantareira, São Paulo". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/140278.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Vivemos atualmente, um cenário de crise hídrica mundial. Tal crise inclui tanto aspectos quantitativos quanto qualitativos ameaçando a segurança hídrica das sociedades humanas e os ecossistemas do planeta Terra. No Brasil, a região hidrográfica do Paraná destaca-se como região com maior densidade populacional, desenvolvimento econômico e industrial do país sendo, portanto, a região com maior demanda pelo recurso. No Estado de São Paulo desenha-se uma situação de crise hídrica agravada em ambos os aspectos. Do ponto de vista qualitativo, a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo destaca-se como aquela cujos mananciais encontram-se em situação mais impactada. O Sistema Cantareira, composto por um conjunto de cinco reservatórios é um dos principais sistemas fornecedores de água para esta região de intensas demandas e geradora de grandes impactos ambientais. A poluição de ambientes aquáticos por metais e metaloides é um problema mundial e frequentemente associado aos impactos gerados por regiões urbanas e industrializadas. Um agravante deste tipo de poluição, é o fato de os metais e metaloides não serem metabolizados pela biota, de forma que estes elementos tendem a se acumular, especialmente nos sedimentos, ao longo do tempo, com possibilidade de poluição das águas e dos organismos que habitam os ecossistemas aquáticos. Neste estudo, foram levantados dados referentes a qualidade da água e dos sedimentos de três reservatórios pertencentes ao Sistema Cantareira (Jaguari e Jacareí sendo consideradas como um único reservatório). Posteriormente, foram realizados estudos da fauna de macroinvertebrados bentônicos destes locais e experimentos com o intuito de se verificarem as respostas destes organismos à poluição das águas e sedimentos por metais e metaloides. Os resultados obtidos, indicaram poluição das águas e dos sedimentos destes reservatórios por diferentes elementos químicos (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn). Foi verificado, com dados de campo e testes estatísticos, que alterações morfológicas em larvas de Chironomidae variavam em função do aumento das concentrações de cobre nos sedimentos e que estas concentrações eram suficientes para provocar bioacumulação nos organismos. Posteriormente, demonstrou-se com um experimento in situ, que os sedimentos do reservatório Paiva Castro estavam poluídos e foram capazes de induzir efeitos letais e subletais em larvas de Chironomus sancticaroli. A realização de um experimento similar em laboratório e com sedimentos formulados resultou na conclusão de que as concentrações de cobre nos sedimentos, de fato induzem efeitos tóxicos sobre as larvas desta espécie, incluindo o aumento de “danos totais” (alterações morfológicas ou morte) a concentrações próximas às registradas no Paiva Castro. Por fim, utilizando-se modelos estatísticos e o conjunto de dados obtidos em campo, foi possível demonstrar os efeitos da toxicidade de diferentes metais (Al, Cr e Cu) em nível de comunidade, fornecendo-se as bases para o desenvolvimento de um índice da comunidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos específico para poluição por metais para a região de estudo.
A global water crisis is in course. This crisis include quantitative and qualitative aspects and it threatens the water security of human societies and of the Earth’s ecosystems. In Brazil, the Paraná hydrographic region is the one with highest population density, economic and industrial development. As consequence, it is the hydrographic region in Brazil that demands highest amounts of water. São Paulo state is suffering the effects of the hydrological crisis. Qualitatively, the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo includes some of the most impaired aquatic environments. The Cantareira Complex is formed by five reservoirs. It is one of the main water suppliers of the region, which has high water demand and produces intensive environmental impairments. The pollution of aquatic environments by metals and metalloids is a worldwide problem and it is frequently related to the impairments generated in urban and industrialized regions. A problem related with this type of pollution is the fact that metals and metalloids are not metabolized by biota. As consequence, these chemicals have the tendency to accumulate through the time in the environment, especially in the sediments. Therefore, the pollution of the sediments can favor water pollution and the contamination of organisms living in aquatic ecosystems. In the present research, data referring to water and sediment quality from three reservoirs from Cantareira Complex (Jaguari and Jacareí were considered as a whole) were obtained. Posteriorly, the benthic macroinvertebrates fauna from those reservoirs were analyzed in order to verify the impacts of metal pollution over them. Experiments aiming to verify the responses of these organisms to sediment pollution by metals, especially copper were performed. The results points that water and sediments of the reservoirs analyzed here are polluted by metals and metalloids (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn). From field data and statistical analyses, it could be concluded that morphological alterations in Chironomidae larvae varied as a response to copper concentration in the sediments and that the copper concentrations were sufficiently high to cause bioaccumulation in the organisms. Posteriorly, it was demonstrated by an in situ assay that sediments from Paiva Castro were really contaminated and them induced lethal and sublethal effects on Chironomus sancticaroli larvae. A similar experiment performed in laboratory with spiked sediments leads to the conclusion that the copper in the sediments really can produce toxic effects on the larvae. Toxic effects included an increasing in “total damage” probabilities (morphological alteration or death) and they were recorded at concentrations similar to that recorded in the sediments from Paiva Castro reservoir. Another analysis included the use of statistical models to predict response of the organisms collected in the field to the toxicity of metals considering the community level. With this last approach, some basis to the development of a benthic macroinvertebrates community index to the assessment of pollution by metals (Al, Cr e Cu) in the region of Cantareira Complex was provided.
FAPESP: 2013/03494-4
Smith, Heidi. "The hydro-ecology of limestone springs in the Wye Valley, Derbyshire". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327144.
Pełny tekst źródłaSkorupski, Joseph A. Jr. "Effects of CFT Legumine™ Rotenone on Macroinvertebrates in Four Drainages of Montana and New Mexico". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84278/.
Pełny tekst źródłaVasconcelos, Márlon de Castro. "Efeito do sedimento fino de origem terrestre sobre a fauna de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em riachos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10908.
Pełny tekst źródłaOne of the main forms by which aquatic ecosystems are impacted is the input of fine sediment. The objective of our study was to determinate by one experiment the effect of fine sediment on benthic macroinvertebrates in subtropical streams. The study area was the Forqueta River in Barra do Ouro district of Maquiné city, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It’s was added 3138 cm3 of sediment, in two fractions: fine sand (0mm – 0.25mm) and coarse sand (0.25mm – 1mm) into the river with two levels (with or without sediment) . The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA two-way) for abundance, richness and rarefied richness, the last one intended to compare species richness based on an equivalent number of individuals. Using Multivaried Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) we examined the effect of fine sediment on relative abundance and composition of species. Sediment was used as one factor in four levels. A Partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis (pCCA) was used to examine the effect of the disturbance event on communities. The interaction between the flow and the factors of the sediment was examined. There was a negative effect of fine sediment on abundance, richness and species composition, but the effect was null on relative abundance and rarefaction of species richness. The flow was important for distribution of individuals colleted. The abundance, species richness and rarefied richness were highest on places with fastest flows. The flow increased the effect of fine sand on abundance and rarefied richness. The pCCA showed that disturbance events of small frequency consisting of input of terrestrial sediment have no negative effects on benthic macroinvertebrate. The relationship between flow and benthic macroinvertebrates can be attributed to the ecological preferences of species. These results showed that fine sediment impact is harmful for benthic macroinvertebrates in streams, particularly in termsof abundance. This negative effect may be a consequence of loss of habitat, reduced food quality, physiological stress and others forms. Because some results differ from other studies, the effect of the fine sediment on the benthic macroinvertebrates needs to be better studied.
Oswald, Louisa Jane, i n/a. "Usefulness of Macroinvertebrates for In Situ Testing of Water Quality". University of Canberra. Institute for Applied Ecology, 2008. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20090107.130047.
Pełny tekst źródłaEdwards, Patrick Michael. "Macroinvertebrates and Excessive Fine Sediment Conditions in Oregon Coastal Streams". Thesis, Portland State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3629266.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe Pacific Coastal ecoregion contains large tracts of economically important forestlands that also serve as critical stream habitat for endangered Salmonids. Excessive fine sediment deposition in streams of this region is a major environmental concern in the region but difficult to measure directly. The use of stream invertebrates to monitor fine sediment conditions in streams requires careful consideration of several important factors that complicate their use as bioindicators including high spatial and temporal variability and covariance with other environmental variables.
To evaluate the use of stream invertebrates as bioindicators of excessive fine sediment, three hypotheses were tested. The first hypothesis was that invertebrates would be related to broad-scale climate variables (Chapter 2). The second hypothesis was that functional aspects of the invertebrate community would serve as useful indicators of excessive fine sediment condition. (Chapter 3). The third hypothesis was that invertebrates in streams with naturally high levels of sediment would be tolerant to fine sediment (<2 mm, Chapter 4). Hypotheses were tested using a temporal data set at two streams in western Oregon, spatial data from 214 sites across the Oregon Coast Range, and in-situ experiment conducted in streams with erosive or resistant geologies.
In the temporal study, both invertebrate density and functional traits were positively related to El Niño strength (R2 range = 0.22–0.36, ρ range = 0.008–0.04) and air temperature (R 2 range = 0.32–0.49, ρ range = 0.002–0.01). The spatial study identified several environmental and hydrological factors that exhibited strong negative controls on both fine sediment (Mantel r range 0.14–0.25, ρ range = 0.001–0.01) and invertebrate Scrapers (R2 range = 0.11–0.14, ρ range = 0.001–0.04). The result of the experimental study provide evidence that invertebrates in streams with erosive geologies exhibit tolerance to sediment addition when compared to invertebrates in resistant geologies (mean loss=15%, ρ <0.01) and that invertebrate grazing traits were most strongly associated with fine sediment dosing frequency (ρ <0.05).
The findings of this research demonstrate the role of geology in shaping invertebrate communities and their functional response to fine sediment addition and identify functional indicators that may be useful in different geologic settings. For environmental managers in the Pacific Coastal ecoregion, these findings are of potential value in assisting with the identification of biologically-relevant changes in stream fine sediment conditions and support efforts to balance economic needs in the region while protecting critical Salmonid habitat.
Foster, Carole A. "Benthic macroinvertebrates in Uvas Creek, California, downstream of a reservoir". Thesis, San Jose State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1583489.
Pełny tekst źródłaI sampled macroinvertebrates in May, July, and October 2008 in Uvas Creek, a reservoir-regulated stream in south Santa Clara County, California, to assess what factors (including canopy closure, turbidity, and stream flow) downstream of the reservoir were related to food availability for rearing juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). I found benthic and drifting macroinvertebrate biomass was considerably greater during most months in the more open-canopied two sites in the downstream reach as compared to the densely shaded, more turbid and silty two sites in the upstream reach. Abundance of important drifting aquatic invertebrates in May (chironomids, simuliids, and baetids) was proportional to benthic abundance, but large hydropsychids were relatively scarce in the drift. Terrestrial drift abundance correlated with canopy density, but differences were small compared to the substantial increase in aquatic drift in sunnier sites. Thinning of the canopy at select locations and reduction of sediment input to Uvas Creek and its tributaries due to vineyard and other operations could increase benthic macroinvertebrate productivity in the upstream reach, which would increase food availability for rearing juvenile Steelhead.
Kelly, Lucy Claire. "Community ecology and genetics of macroinvertebrates in permanent Macaronesian streams". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/738.
Pełny tekst źródłaMustow, Stephen Eric. "Aquatic macroinvertebrates and environmental quality in rivers in Northern Thailand". Thesis, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266399.
Pełny tekst źródłaRoberts, Louise. "Behavioural responses by marine fishes and macroinvertebrates to underwater noise". Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:11515.
Pełny tekst źródłaKusi, Joseph. "Potential Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles to Microbial Communities and Macroinvertebrates". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3780.
Pełny tekst źródłaBessom, Stephanie Marie. "Availability and Toxicity of Nickel to Lotic Periphyton and Macroinvertebrates". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1229483842.
Pełny tekst źródłaCarey, Nicole. "Effect of drying flow regimes on macroinvertebrates in headwater streams". Thesis, Carey, Nicole (2021) Effect of drying flow regimes on macroinvertebrates in headwater streams. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/63962/.
Pełny tekst źródłaEisele, Shante N. "Comparing created and natural depressional wetlands through trophic analysis of macroinvertebrates". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1547577007255219.
Pełny tekst źródłaTornero, Pinilla Irene. "Metacommunities and biodiversity patterns in Mediterranean temporary ponds: the role of pond size, network connectivity and dispersal mode". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670096.
Pełny tekst źródłaSe muestrearon las comunidades de macrofauna en cuatro redes de lagunas temporales mediterráneas que presentan un rango amplio de tamaños de lagunas y distintas extensiones espaciales. 1) En la red de lagunas más pequeña, el tamaño de la laguna no estaba relacionado con ninguno de los factores ambientales ni con la estructura de la comunidad pero sí tuvo efecto en la composición de la comunidad. El efecto de una alta conectividad podría explicar la ausencia de diferencias en la estructura de la comunidad. 2) La distancia ambiental produjo mayores efectos que la distancia espacial en la pérdida de similitud de las comunidades. En la red más pequeña, los grupos bióticos mostraron diferentes patrones de pérdida de similitud con la distancia. En la red más grande todos los grupos parecen encajar en el arquetipo de ‘filtro de las especies’. 3) Observamos que las métricas de centralidad afectaban a la biodiversidad regional y local. Las métricas de biodiversidad no se explicaban solo por las características ambientales o las métricas de centralidad sino por una combinación de ambas. Las métricas de biodiversidad regional mostraron patrones similares en todas las redes mientras que las locales mostraron patrones dependientes de la red
McNish, Julie Helen. "An interdisciplinary assessment of variations in acidity in Yorkshire rivers, with special reference to episodic acidification of headwaters in the Esk catchment". Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285628.
Pełny tekst źródłaCosta, Talitha Rochanne Alves Abreu da. "AvaliaÃÃo da qualidade de Ãgua do reservatÃrio GaviÃo utilizando macroinvertebrados como bioindicadores". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11312.
Pełny tekst źródłaA preocupaÃÃo com processos que causam degradaÃÃo da qualidade dos recursos hÃdricos e dos ecossistemas aquÃticos tem se acentuado, principalmente, devido a enorme quantidade de poluentes e novas substÃncias que adentram nesse meio. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, ampliar o conhecimento sobre a comunidade de macroinvertebrados aquÃticos do reservatÃrio GaviÃo em Itaitinga (CE), onde ocorre a captaÃÃo das Ãguas para o sistema de abastecimento de Ãgua da regiÃo metropolitana de Fortaleza e avaliar como os organismos respondem à disposiÃÃo dos resÃduos da ETA GaviÃo, utilizando o Ãndice BMWPâ. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente, empregando um coletor do tipo Surber (500 Âm de abertura de malha) no perÃodo de outubro 2012 a maio de 2013. Foi coletado um total de 1.621 espÃcimes, distribuÃdos em 23 taxa. Mollusca foi o grupo dominante e frequente e Insecta apresentou maior riqueza. Segundo o Ãndice BMWPâ, verificou-se que o reservatÃrio GaviÃo encontra-se com suas Ãguas em qualidade duvidosa.
Concerns with the processes that cause water resources and ecosystem degradation are on the rise, especially because of large amounts of pollutants and substances that enter this medium. This study aimed to evaluate water macroinvertebrate communities in tanks used for water collection for urban use and to assess how organisms respond to waste generated in the water treatment plant. We collected a total of 1,621 specimens, distributed into 23 taxa. Mollusca was the dominant and frequent group and insecta was the most abundant. Based on feeding mode, there are more predatory organisms in relation to scrapers. We found no eudominant families. By using the BMWPâ score we verified that water quality in the âGaviÃoâ reservoir is questionable.
Barbosa, Domingos Sávio. "Limnologia do rio Uberaba (MG) e a utilização de macroinvertebrados bentônicos como bioindicadores das modificações ambientais". Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-29042009-143849/.
Pełny tekst źródłaLotic systems are considered opened and one-way energy flux systems. In these cases, the intense relationship with adjacent terrestrial environment renders rivers ecological conditions a reflex of transformations occurred at its watershed. The present study aimed to profile an Uberaba river ecological features as a function of the watershed main uses. Limnological characteristic, benthic macroinvertebrates community and conditions at river nearby area were evaluated. Based on the lotic systems ecological theories, it was attempted to evaluate the measured variable space evolution and temporal variation. Results showed that in Uberaba river, three zones with different impacts should be carefully evaluated: a) before Uberaba city, agricultural activities predominates, promoting impacts due to the continuous sediment input, and offering risks of pesticide and fertilizers contribuition; b) below Uberaba city, wastewater effluent generates high water quality degradation, resulting in biological communities decay until the area closed to Veríssimo City; and c) at the region embracing Veríssimo, Conceição das Alagoas and Planura cities, in function of the growing water quality degradation risk due to effluents entrance and deforesting increase at the margins of Uberaba river and tributaries. The needs of improved ecological theories for tropical lotic systems are also discussed, aiming to increase the prediction capacity on this lotic systems and to transmit more efficient conservation strategies to environmental managers.
Beliene, Glieber Henriques. "Efeitos de bivalves, gastrópodes e fatores ambientais sobre a abundância de macroinvertebrados em lagoas adjacentes ao Rio Cuiabá-MT". Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 2015. http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/239.
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Interações entre organismos de uma comunidade podem determinar a distribuição e abundância das espécies. Os resultados dessas interações podem ser positivos ou negativos. Além das interações, existem diversos fatores ambientais influenciando essas relações. Em ambientes aquáticos, moluscos induzem transformações na comunidade macrobentônica, alterando a distribuição e abundância desses organismos. Devido a isso investiguei os efeitos de Bivalves, do gastrópode exótico Melanoides tuberculatus e de variáveis ambientais sobre as abundâncias da comunidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em lagoas próximas ao rio Cuiabá. As abundâncias de macroinvertebrados parecem sofrer efeitos de variáveis ambientais. Elas também variaram em função da presença e ausência de Bivalves e M. tuberculatus. Observei que Ceratopogonidae, Hirudinea e Ostracoda responderam negativamente as variáveis (Dureza e Turbidez); Chironomidae, Ceratopogonidae, Oligochaeta responderam negativamente a presença de M. tuberculatus; Zygoptera, Ostracoda e Oligochaeta responderam positivamente a presença de bivalves. Outras variáveis que aqui não foram mensuradas podem exercer influência sobre as interações aqui abordadas, sendo esse um tema para futuros trabalhos.
Interactions between organisms of one community can determine the distribution and abundance of species. The results of these interactions can be positive or negative. In addition to the interactions, there are several environmental factors influencing these relationships. In aquatic environments, molluscs induce changes in the macrobenthic community, changing the distribution and abundance of these organisms. Because of this, investigated the effects of bivalves, exotic gastropod Melanoides tuberculatus and environmental variables on the abundance of the benthic macroinvertebrate community in lakes near the river Cuiabá. The abundance of macroinvertebrates seem to be affected by environmental variables. it also varied according to presence and absence of Bivalve and M. tuberculatus. Noticed that Ceratopogonidae, Hirudinea and Ostracoda negatively answered variables (Hardness and Turbidity); Chironomidae, Ceratopogonidae, Oligochaeta negatively answered the presence of M. tuberculatus; Zygoptera, Ostracoda and Oligochaeta responded positively to the presence of Bivalve. Other variables that were not measured here can influence the interactions discussed here, making a topic for future work.
Vasconcelos, Márlon de Castro. "Classificação de rios e sua relação com a comunidade de macroinvertebrados em riachos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/72393.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis evaluated the relationships between stream classifications according to their abiotic characteristics and macroinvertebrate stream assemblages. Specifically, I asked the following questions: 1) How the macroinvertebrate communities are related with stream reach and catchment scales ? 2) Are the streams classifications with biotic and abiotic approach congruent? 3) Are there similar responses of macroinvertebrate assemblages when different classification approaches are used? 4) Can the taxonomic resolution and data type (abundance and presence/absence) to influence the results? This study was conducted in 38 streams, with distances among streams ranged from 15 to 670 km at an area of 282.000 km2 in Rio Grande do Sul state. The chemical and physical variables were obtained at a 50 m reach in each stream. The catchment was delimited and land use, soil coverage and relief were obtained using GIS tools. The thesis includes an “overview” as introduction. Chapter 1 covers the literature review and was published on Ciência e Ambiente. The Chapter 2 shows the relationship of environmental variables and space (distance among streams) with macroinvertebrate assemblages. The main result was that the environment accounted for most of the variation on the distribution of macroinvertebrate assemblages and this effect was dependent of the taxonomic resolution. In chapter 3 I evaluated the concordance between the abiotic and biotic classifications as well as the effect of the numerical and taxonomic resolution and the scale (stream reach x catchment). The results are dependent of the taxonomic resolution and dada type. The most important result was the effect of taxonomic resolution on the concordance between biotic and abiotic classifications. The classification based on macroinvertebrate family data was the only biotic classification concordant with the classification based on abiotic data. Another important result is that different scales, when used separately, only catchment classification was concordant with biotic one, and this result was dependent of both taxonomic and dada type. In chapter 4 we assessed the relationship of macroinvertebrate assemblages with five stream classifications. The first two is based on catchments grouped in hydrologic units, the third is based in freshwater ecoregions of FEOW, the fourth is based on stream orders and the fifth is result by cluster of environmental variables get on stream reach and catchment scales. That classification based on environmental variables had the higher scores than others classification by Classification Strength approach. The taxonomic and numeric resolutions were also evaluated. The taxonomic resolution was important to the results obtained, and genera data show the best scores. In the last part of the thesis are presented the conclusion remarks.
Khan, Muhammad Irfan. "A lotic microcosm for ecological and ecotoxicological studies on benthic macroinvertebrates". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320214.
Pełny tekst źródłaNeale, Martin William. "Classifying and measuring the ecological status of lakes using benthic macroinvertebrates". Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414101.
Pełny tekst źródłaStockley, Rosalind Antonia. "Detritus processing in the River Swale-Ouse : the role of macroinvertebrates". Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298585.
Pełny tekst źródłaTharme, Rebecca Elizabeth. "Ecologically relevant low flows for riverine benthic macroinvertebrates: characterization and application". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11040.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcTammany, Matthew Eric Jr. "The Impact of Urbanization on Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Southern Appalachian Streams". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46508.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Kaller, Michael D. "Effects of sediment upon benthic macroinvertebrates in forested northern Appalachian streams". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1862.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 157 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Leite, Ricardo Cardoso. "Biodiversidade em microescala: uma perspectiva para a ecologia de sistemas lóticos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59131/tde-02072014-113205/.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe focused on the microhabitat and the mesohabitat spatial scales to investigate the environmental and spatial features influence on aquatic macroinvertebrate fauna. The first chapter brings an overview about the microhabitat and mesohabitat applicability to evaluate the fauna structure. Likewise, it shows the substrate influence on the fauna composition. In the second chapter, we evaluate the sampling sufficiency and compare the alpha and beta diversity among the sampling methods and mesohabitats. In the third chapter we evaluated the hydraulic features and its relationships with abundance and richness considering the microhabitat and mesohabitat spatial scales. Our results show that the hydraulic conditions have influence on macroinvertebrate community structure, showing a positive relationship with abundance and negative with microhabitat richness. In the fourth chapter, we applied the metacommunity theory in the microhabitat scale to understand the hole of environmental and spatial features on the community structure. Further than the expected environmental influence on organisms microdistribution, we identified a strong spatial influence on the fauna structure. Our results showed that the aquatic macroinvertebrate fauna was structured by the substrate composition, hydraulic conditions and spatial features. All this conditions are noticeable on microhabitat spatial scale. Accordingly, the microhabitat scale can be considered as an effectual perspective to the stream ecology.
Malacarne, Tássia Juliane. "Efeitos do uso do solo na estrutura e composição de invertebrados aquáticos e no processo de decomposição foliar em riachos neotropicais". Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/707.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Different land uses directly affect the characteristics of a river basin, reflecting the health and integrity of the aquatic environment, and consequently influence the aquatic biota and ecosystem processes. This study aimed to analyze the structure and community composition of aquatic invertebrates and the role of these organisms in the process of decomposition of leaf litter in streams with different land uses. Samples were collected in the period from September to December 2013 in five streams of western Paraná. At each stream were placed 18 bags containing litter for colonization by aquatic invertebrates during the exposure times of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days. Significant spatial differences in the structure and composition of the community of aquatic invertebrates in the studied streams were recorded. There were no significant differences in the activity of aquatic invertebrates in the leaf decomposition process streams with different land uses. But there were differences in the variability of decomposition between the streams, and the reference stream showed lower variability in the decomposition process. This result may have been influenced by habitat quality, availability of organic matter, and the structure and composition of benthic community present in the reference stream, which differs significantly between locations with different types of land use. The results of this study demonstrate that human interference in the aquatic environment through land use can influence negativity in ecosystem processes, particularly in invertebrate activity during the processing of allochthonous material, as well as modify the structure and composition of the biota.
Diferentes usos do solo afetam diretamente as características de uma bacia hidrográfica, refletindo na saúde e integridade do ambiente aquático, e, consequentemente, influenciam a biota aquática e os processos ecossistêmicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a estrutura e composição da comunidade de invertebrados aquáticos e o papel desses organismos no processo de decomposição de detritos foliares em riachos com diferentes usos do solo. As coletas foram realizadas no período de setembro a dezembro de 2013 em cinco riachos da região oeste do Paraná. Em cada riacho foram colocadas 18 bolsas contendo folhiço para a colonização por invertebrados aquáticos durante os tempos de exposição de 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 e 90 dias. Foram registradas diferenças espaciais significativas na estrutura e composição da comunidade de invertebrados aquáticos entre os riachos estudados. Não houve diferenças significativas na atividade de invertebrados aquáticos durante o processo de decomposição foliar em riachos com diferentes usos do solo. Porém houve diferenças na variabilidade da decomposição entre os riachos, sendo que o riacho de referência apresentou menor variabilidade no processo de decomposição. Esse resultado pode ter sido influenciado pela qualidade do hábitat, disponibilidade de matéria orgânica, e pela estrutura e composição da comunidade bentônica presente no riacho de referência, a qual difere significativamente entre os locais com diferentes tipos de ocupação do solo. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que a interferência humana no ambiente aquático, por meio do uso do solo, pode influenciar negatividade nos processos ecossistêmicos, em especial na atividade de invertebrados durante o processamento de material alóctone, além de modificar a estrutura e composição da biota.
Nin, Cecília Schüler. "Quebra foliar e colonização de macroinvertebrados em riachos do bioma pampa". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/78155.
Pełny tekst źródłaTwo studies involving ecological processes of leaf decomposition and macroinvertebrate colonization were performed on three headwater streams of the Pampa biome. The first verified if the leaves may have different decomposition process when they are mixed, in other words, if there is additive effect of a film on the other, and if the fauna selects resources in the form of this heterogeneous compound. To achieve that, the four most common species of the gallery forest of these streams were collected and placed in litter-bags. The leaf breakdown rate when mixed is not different from the average of all species isolated, indicating that there is no effect of one species over the others. The colonization of macroinvertebrates did not respond to differences of detritus, both to the abundance and for fauna composition, indicating that the morphospecies have no preference for the leaves kind. Regarding the functional feed groups, there is no selection among the different debris - even when mixed - but a strong pattern of temporal succession. Herbivores and omnivores have higher frequency in the early stages of the decomposition followed by detritivores and carnivores in the final stages. The second study aims to investigate whether the presence of Eucalyptus saligna (exotic) plus native leaves affect the decomposition rate of the mixture since these leaves have experienced different selection pressures and therefore have different mechanisms of decomposition, for example, have developed different secondary metabolites. The decomposition rate of both E. saligna, and these leaves mixed with native, were considered slow, but the E. saligna leaves alone had the fastest decomposition rate, being in the limit between slow and intermediate. The leaf breakdown rate of native + E. saligna was different from that expected by the average of the isolated species (native + exotic). The density of macroinvertebrates was different between of E. saligna and native plus eucalypt leaves, with the greatest richness of morphospecies associated with the leaves of the exotic one. There were no standards in the assembly of macroinvertebrates associated with the different leaves, or between times. The same lack of clustering occurs for the functional feed groups. E. saligna obtained a faster decay rate probably because of its low lignin content, and also the speed with which the polyphenols are generally leached. The expected for the decomposition rate of native + E. saligna was higher than the observed, possibly because the leaves have a native tissue structure more fully, providing a deceleration in the decomposition rate of eucalyptus leaves in the mix. Therefore, both the process of decomposition and colonization by macroinvertebrates under the influence of the exotic, were more associated with the presence of the native species.
Ruhí, i. Vidal Albert. "Primary succession in man-made wetlands: biodiversity, structure and dynamics of macrofaunal assemblages". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/77638.
Pełny tekst źródłaLes zones humides de nova creació són sovint concebudes per compensar la pèrdua i degradació de les naturals, però el coneixement dels processos que tenen lloc en aquests ambients artificials encara és superficial, especialment a nivell de comunitat. Al llarg d’aquesta tesi, hem analitzat el fenomen de la successió primària a diferents escales temporals (a curt, mitjà i llarg termini) i a diferents escales espacials (a nivell local, regional i interregional), mitjançant diverses aproximacions (taxonòmiques i funcionals) i subjectes (invertebrats i amfibis). Les nostres aportacions pel que fa a les escales temporals mostren un patró de successió basat en 3 fases, on a curt termini (1 any) dominen els processos de colonització; en perspectives de mitjà termini (2 a 7 anys) els signes de successió comencen a ser conspicus, i més tard (≥ 10 anys) paràmetres com la riquesa d’espècies arriben a una asímptota. En aquesta fase avançada, algunes estratègies biològiques dominen, i els índexs de biodiversitat indiquen que les comunitats poden ser indistintes entre les llacunes naturals i les de nova creació. Pel que fa als efectes espacials, hem corroborat que tant factors locals com regionals afecten les comunitats que s’hi estableixen. En particular, la baixa estabilitat hidrològica de la regió Mediterrània ha afavorit trets biològics que proveeixen resiliència i resistència enfront de pertorbacions, sobretot quan es comparen amb les comunitats pròpies del clima temperat fred. Fins i tot dins la mateixa regió Mediterrània, nivells baixos d’estabilitat hidrològica poden tenir efectes importants en la dinàmica de la successió. En aquests casos, les comunitats locals estan altament aniuades en les naturals a nivell regional, i per tant difícilment poden fer contribucions netes a la riquesa regional. També hem mostrat la influència del pool regional de colonitzadors sobre les comunitats locals, tant en el cas dels invertebrats com en el dels amfibis. Especialment per aquest darrer grup, les Basses Temporànies Mediterrànies (BTMs) de nova creació poden jugar un paper important per a la seva conservació.
Sandin, Leonard. "Spatial and temporal variability of stream benthic macroinvertebrates : implications for environmental assessment /". Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-6056-5.pdf.
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