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Cinier, Justine. "Importance et potentiel thérapeutique d'un nouveau couple récepteur-ligand dans l'inhibition des lymphocytes T CD8 par les lymphocytes T régulateurs dans les tumeurs". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10336.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe presence of CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) correlates with good prognosis in many types of solid cancers. In the periphery, regulatory T cells (Treg) play a major role in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing the development of autoimmune pathologies. However, in the TME, Treg (TA-Treg) have an unfavorable prognostic impact by inhibiting the anti-tumor immune response. Therapeutically, it is essential to eliminate these TA-Treg or their function to restore an effective anti-tumor immune response. For this, it remains important to identify membrane molecules allowing the selective targeting of these TA-Treg without affecting the Treg present in the periphery to avoid any autoimmune reaction. The analysis of public scRNA-seq data comparing T cells (Treg, CD8, CD4) from tumor, healthy tissue and blood, made it possible to identify the selective expression of CD177 by a subpopulation of TA-Treg in different solid tumors. If this glycoprotein is known for its involvement in the extravasation and survival of neutrophils, its role on Treg has been little described except in a few studies confirming the expression of CD177 on TA-Treg of several types of tumors and showing a suppressive impact of CD177+ TA-Treg in cocultures with naïve CD4 T cells. However, the phenotypic and functional characterization of these Treg remains little explored. CD177 interacts with PECAM-1 which is involved in T cells transmigration through homophilic interaction of distal extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains (IgD1/D2) with endothelial cells. Furthermore, it has been described that interaction with extracellular PECAM-1 IgD6, CD177 binding site, transmits a negative signal via inhibitory intracellular motifs (ITIM) and recruitment of SHP2 which blocks TCR signaling and the proliferation of T cells. Reanalysis of public scRNA-seq data from intra-tumoral T cells shows the restriction of PECAM1 expression to clusters of memory effector CD8 T cells suggesting that they could be the target of the immunosuppressive function of CD177+ Treg in the TME. Thus, with the aim of identifying a Treg suppression mechanism specific to effector CD8 T cells in the TME, it is important to characterize in depth these CD177+ TA-Treg and to identify their interactions with PECAM-1+ CD8 T cells in the TME and their impact on the function of these CD8 T cells. This thesis work demonstrated, in several tumor types, that CD177 identifies a population of TA- Treg, with an activated phenotype. PECAM-1, the target of CD177, is expressed in the TME by polyfunctional effector CD8 T cells (GzmK, IFNγ, TNFα) with a high proliferation capacity. In situ on tumor sections, multi-immunofluorescence analyses showed the colocalization of CD177+ Treg and PECAM-1+ CD8 T cells in the tumor stroma, suggesting a link between these two populations. Furthermore, engagement of PECAM-1 IgD6, CD177 binding domain, reduces the activation and functions of PECAM-1+ CD8 T cells induced by the TCR signal by decreasing pZAP-70 and IFNү secretion. Finally, initial results on tumors have shown that the culture of CD8 T cells with CD177+ TA-Treg reduces the proliferation and secretion of IFNγ by PECAM-1+ CD8 T cells and the addition of an anti-CD177 makes it possible to partly rescue this inhibition, suggesting the role of the [CD177/PECAM-1] axis in the inhibition of PECAM-1+ CD8 T cells by CD177+ TA-Treg. The [CD177/PECAM-1] interaction represents the first demonstration of a membrane receptor/ligand pair involved in the selective inhibition of CD8 T cells effectors by TA-Treg in the TME and CD177 appears as a promising target to specifically raise suppression mediated by TA-Treg in the TME without altering those in the periphery
Mokrani, M'barka. "CD103 : du gène à la protéine : Etude de la régulation et de la signalisation de l’intégrine αE(CD103)β7 exprimée par les lymphocytes T CD8+ intratumoraux". Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T071.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe elucidation of mechanisms for optimizing the antitumor immune response is a major challenge for the development of strategies for effective immunotherapy. Indeed, the anti-tumor immune responses rarely result in the eradication of the tumor. In this context, the previous work of my team have shown that the interaction of integrin αE(CD103)β7, often expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) with its ligand E-cadherin at the cell surface tumor epithelial cells, plays a major role in the potentiation of the lytic activity of T cells by inducing polarization and exocytosis of cytotoxic granules. Our results also indicated that TGF-β1, often abundant in tumors, plays a key role in the induction due to the commitment of the T cell receptor. In this context, we sought to understand the mechanisms regulating ITGAE gene encoding the subunit αE of integrin. Our results showed that the transcription factors Smad2, Smad3 and NFAT-1 are involved in regulating the expression of subunit αE(CD103)β7. Indeed, costimulation with recombinant TGF-β1 and anti-CD3 antibody induces on T cell clone CD103- the expression of this integrin ant the translocation into the nucleus of Smad2, Smad3 and NFAT-1 that are cytoplasmic at baseline. Specific inhibition of these transcription factors inhibits the expression of CD103 and repeals the lytic potential of cloned T with respect to the autologous tumor target. In addition, we identified two regulatory sequences of human ITGAE gene, proximal promoter and enhancer. In addition, my team has recently shown that the interaction of CD103 on the surface of TIL with a recombinant molecule E-cadherin is sufficient to induce the polarization of cytolytic granules by ERK and PLC-γ1 pathway thus this integrin has not only a function of adherence, but also a function of costimulatory signal TCR of TIL. We sought to better understand the signaling of integrin CD103, by identifying the cytoplasmic domains of the subunit αE involved in its activation. We have constructed a fusion protein CD103-GFP and several mutants of intracytoplasmic domain of the subunit αE which were then transfected into the Jurkat Tag cell line CD103-/ β7+. Our results showed that the intracytoplasmic domain of CD103 is not necessary for ligand recognition, E-cadherin. By cons, we have shown that this area is involved in the phenomenon of clustering of integrin and its polarization to the contact area with balls covered with E-cadherin-Fc. We have identified a range of 8 amino acids (ESIRKAQL) containing a potentially phosphorylatable serine in position 1163, which is essential for integrin signaling. In addition, our work has shown that this area ESIRKAQL is necessary for the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and PLC-g1. Thus, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the functions of CD103 may contribute to the development and improvement of the antitumor response exerted by CTL
Badoual, Cécile. "Rôle pronostique des lymphocytes T CD4+CD25+ intratumoraux et analyse des mécanismes de production du CD25 soluble dans les tumeurs des voies aéro-digestives supérieures". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066467.
Pełny tekst źródłaGranier, Clémence. "Expression de récepteurs inhibiteurs sur les lymphocytes T infiltrant les tumeurs du rein : signification biologique et clinique Multiplexed immunofluorescence analysis and quantification of intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T cells Tim-3 expression on tumor-infiltrating PD-1+CD8+ T cells correlates with poor clinical outcome in renal cell carcinoma". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB183.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt has been mainly described that the inhibitory receptors coexpression (PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3, TIGIT) by lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) induces a local immunosuppression. Targeting these receptors particularly PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 is of great clinical benefit in cancer many types treatment (melanoma, renal and lung cancer in particular). In the most cases of cancer, like melanoma and lung cancer, a CD8-T cell and Th-1/IFN-gamma response is of good prognosis. But this is not the case in renal cancer and in hemopathies. My PhD work attempts to characterize clinical and biological implication of PD-1 and TIM-3 expression by intra-tumor lymphocytes in the setting of renal cancer and lymphoma. My PhD work has been conducted thanks to new methods of multiplexed characterization of the TME. Multispectral immunofluorescence lead to identify 7 parameters at the same time, and in this study I elaborated the identifications of lymphocytes markers in situ within the tumor: 4 membrane and/or nuclear proteins + nuclei (Dapi counterstain) and also coupled with the RNA detection. This tool allows me to accurately study the coexpression of PD-1 and TIM-3 at the CD8-T cell surface thanks to colocalisation identification and counting of these 3 markers. With the same method, I found that PD-L1 and Gal-9, which are PD-1 and TIM-3 ligands, were also expressed in the TME of renal carcinoma. I found that the coexpression of TIM-3 together with PD-1 in the CD8-T cells had a double relevance (i) at functional level, CD8-T cells were less able to secrete gamma-IFN (ii) at clinical level, patients harboring a higher infiltrate were more likely to relapse. The presence of PD-L1 and Gal-9 suggested interactions with inhibitory receptors of T cells. I also characterized CD8-T cells expressing PD-1 and TIM-3 in lymphomas, combining a CD20 staining (quadruple staining + Dapi). TIM-3 was more or less expressed depending of the lymphoma type near to CD20+ cells. TIM-3 PD-1 CD8-T cells were more likely Ki-67+ compared to TIM-3- cells, suggesting a more proliferative capacity. In order to continue the characterization of the Th-1/gamma-IFN-gamma immune response, I elaborate a technic to detect the gamma-IFN RNA in situ, together with lymphocytes staining, allowing the exploration of functionality within the tumor. To summarize, during my PhD work I could characterize composite immune biomarkers linked to the functionality of CD8-T cell and gamma-IFN Th-1 response
Jacquet, Alexandra. "Etude de la réponse T CD4+ antitumorale : régulation de l'expansion et de l'accumulation intratumorale et établissement de nouveaux modèles de tumeurs transplantées et spontanées". Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05T010.
Pełny tekst źródłaZaragoza, Bruno. "Rôle des lymphocytes T CD4+ dans l'homéostasie des lymphocytes T CD8+". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066313.
Pełny tekst źródłaTyznik, Aaron Jacob. "CD4+ T cell help for CD8+ T cell responses /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8314.
Pełny tekst źródłaVeiga, Fernandez Henrique. "Caractérisation des propriétés des cellules T CD8 mémoires". Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05N127.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe showed that on a per cell basis memory T cells are more efficient in dealing with the antigenin vivo than their counter partners, the naive T cells. This different capacity is due to qualitative differences of memory T cells related to division and differentiation into effector functions. Compared to na^ive T cells, memory cells divide after a shorter lag time, have an increased division rate and a lower loss rate. Altogether, these parameters justify the efficient expansion of memory T cells upon in vivo stimulation. To assess the mechanisms underlying these unusual proliferative capacities, we studied the cell cycle arrest and progression of nai͏̈ve and memory T cells ex vivo. Despite the high levels of D cyclins and CDKs, memory T cells
Mashishi, Tumelo Nkoenyana. "Functional characterisation of HIV-1 specific CD8+ T lymphocytes". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445783.
Pełny tekst źródłaFornairon, Sophie. "Expression des cytokines dans les lymphocytes T CD8+ / CD57+". Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA072063.
Pełny tekst źródłaVerdeil, Grégory. "Bases moléculaires de l'hétérogénéité fonctionnelle des lymphocytes T CD8". Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2006AIX22017.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlthough NK cells and CD8 T cells have both been shown capable of anti-tumor responses, RAG-deficient mice, which have a normal component of NK cells, are incapable of rejecting the P815 mastocytoma tumor. We established a model where CD8 T cell reactivity was restricted to a single epitope of the tumor Ag P1A expressed on the P815 mastocytoma. Reconstitution of the RAG-deficient mice with monoclonal naïve CD8 T cells with a TCR specific for P1A (TCRP1A) afforded efficient resistance to tumor growth selectively for the P1A-expressing, and not for a P1A-negative variant of P815. Nevertheless, P1A specific CD8 T cells were efficient at promoting the NK cell dependent rejection of the P1A-negative tumors when both P1A-positive and -negative tumors were present at the same site. Gene expression profiling in NK cells infiltrating the P1A-positive as compared to the P1Anegative tumor in mice transferred with P1A-reactive CD8 T cells established their acquisition of an activated effector phenotype. The help from CD8 T cells was provided locally because it did not induce the rejection of a P1A-negative variant, nor the activation of NK cells at a distant site. These results illustrate a mechanism by which, in the face of immunoselection / editing, thesynergy between specific anti-tumor Ag T cell responses and natural effectors can contribute to the elimination of tumor cells whether or not they express the T cell tumor Ag epitope. This mechanism appears ineffective, however, once tumor variants lacking a T cell-recognized epitope are separated from the wild-type tumor, as would be the case in tumor metastasis
Zarling, Angela Lee. "Presentation to and priming of human cd8⁺ T lymphocytes". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946319.
Pełny tekst źródłaSun, Joseph C. "The role of CD4 T cell help during the CD8 T cell response /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8334.
Pełny tekst źródłaHao, Yi. "Mécanismes de sélection et de survie des lymphocytes T CD8+ et lymphocytes B". Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077202.
Pełny tekst źródłaAfter cell maturation, the repertoire selection and lymphocyte survival in the periphery are controlled by homeostatic mechanisms to keep the equilibrium. In the present work, selection and peripheral survival of CD8+ T cells and B cells were studied. The requirements for TCR signaling for T cell survival have been subjected to much debate and controversial fmdings. It is yet unclear whether ail lymphocytes are similarly dependent on TCR/MHC triggering for survival and/or LDP. We studied the peripheral survival and clone sizes of three monoclonal Tg CD8 T cell populations in conditions of progressive reduction of restricting MHC-bearing cells or ablation of different MHC molecules. We observed heterogeneous requirement of TCR/MHC signal for peripheral CD8+ T cells survival. The number of MHC class I molecules expressing cells and the ability of the TCR to recognize different MHC molecules determine CD8+ T cell survival and-the size of peripheral pool. Thus, although repertoire selection in the thymus is mainly conditioned by the affinity of TCR-MHC interactions, peripheral selection is determined by TCR cross-reactivity to environmental ligands. The effects of varying quantifies of self-antigen in- the development and selection of conventional B cells were examined by using a mouse model in which HEL-specific BCR transgenic B cells develop in the presence of the neo self-antigen HEL. We demonstrated that developing self-reactive B cells are not always highly sensitive to the deletion mechanisms imposed by membrane-bound self-antigens. Our findings demonstrated that conventional B cells can undergo positive selection and that the fate of a self-reactive B cell depends on the quantity of self-antigen, the number of BCRs engaged, and on its overall antigen-binding avidity, rather than on the affinity of individual BCRs. Previous studies in the lab have demonstrated that peripheral B cell selection follows the rule "first corne, first served" and that IgM-secreting cells are generated from a pool of stable activated B cells with an independent homeostasis. We questioned whether Ig secretion by the first population was responsible for the feedback effect observed. To test this hypothesis we used B cells from mutant mice, which are unable to secrete IgM. The production of IgM by the second population was still inhibited. Our findings indicate that IgM secretion does not mediate the feedback effect. We are currently testing alternative mechanisms. In addition, we studied the role of toll-like receptors in the development of B lymphocytes. We showed that the immature B cell compartment of young, but not adult, TLR9-defïcient mice developed earlier than that of wild type C57BL/6 mice. By a competitive repopulation strategy we showed that TLR9 signaling is necessary at key checkpoints of the murine B cell developmental program, selection into secondary lymphoid organs, and differentiation into Ig-secreting plasma cells. However, this role of TLR9 seems to be MyD88-independent
Finch, Rosalynde J. "Regulation of interleukin-2 gene transcription in CD8 positive cells /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8352.
Pełny tekst źródłaAngelov, Georgi. "Génération et caractérisation de lymphocites CD8 mémoire". Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSL0296.
Pełny tekst źródłaMbitikon-Kobo, Florentin Martial. "Caractérisation des lymphocytes T CD8+ générés en conditions inflammatoires stériles". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00389013.
Pełny tekst źródłaLe but de ce travail fut de caractériser une sous-population des cellules mémoires générées en conditions inflammatoires stériles, c'est-à-dire en l'absence des signaux délivrés par des pathogènes. Ces cellules mémoires expriment des niveaux intermédiaires pour CD44 et CD122, compris entre les cellules naïves et les cellules mémoires induites par des pathogènes. Elles expriment également des niveaux intermédiaires de plusieurs autres propriétés fonctionnelles (production de l'IFN-g) et moléculaires (T-bet et Eomes) des cellules mémoires classiques. Elles correspondent à une étape précoce de différenciation et peuvent se différencier en mémoire centrale. Ce travail a permis de caractériser les cellules mémoires générées dans un contexte inflammatoire stérile et surtout l'implication de ces cellules dans les maladies inflammatoires de la peau comme la dermatite allergique de contact
Bienzle, Dorothee. "CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection and resistance". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/NQ42722.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaJacquemont, Lola. "Lymphocytes T CD8+ mémoires et devenir du greffon en transplantation". Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT1010/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn kidney transplantation, despite an improvement in the management of acute rejection, recipients remain exposed to the risk of chronic dysfunction due to CNI nephrotoxicity but also to the occurrence of chronic cellular and/or humoral rejection. Early identification of patients at high-risk of graft failure and especially those with immunological risk remains a challenge. CD8 T cells are key players of alloreactivity and an increase of memory TEMRA CD8 (CD45RA+CCR7-) is associated with a 2-fold higher risk of chronic graft dysfunction. We studied the impact of the distribution of circulating CD8 T cells subsets at one-year post-transplantation on the outcome of kidney graft. We show that independently from classical clinical and biological risk factors of graft loss summarized in the KTFS . (Kidney Transplant Failure Score), a percentage of TEMRA CD8> 32.7% or EM CD8 (CD45RA-CCR7-) <36% constitute a risk factor of graft loss. Moreover, among patients considered as high-risk of graft failure by the KTFS (KTFS>4.17), a low percentage of EM CD8 (<36%) is associated with a 2.5-fold higher risk of graft loss. Finally, while EM and TEMRA CD8 share the same cytotoxic capacities after donor-specific stimulation, we show that TEMRA CD8 can be activated independently of their TCR through the Fc receptor CD16. These results demonstrate the importance of monitoring memory CD8 T cells in transplantation and highlight the need to design innovative therapeutic strategies targeting CD8
Nancey, Stéphane. "Rôle des lymphocytes T CD8+ cytotoxiques dans l'initiation des colites". Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10201.
Pełny tekst źródłaInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by unpredictable attacks of inflammation of the intestine, is thought to result from inappropriate and ongoing activation of the mucosal immune system driven by the presence of normal luminal flora occurring in a genetic predisposition. Sustained intestinal inflammation in most of animal models resulted from excessive effector function of Th-1 biased CD4+ T cells or deficient regulatory T-cell function. However, the primary mechanisms leading to initiation of the inflammatory process remain unclear. The aim of our study was i) to characterize immune cells that are involved in the initiation and in the control of intestinal inflammation; ii) to test the efficacy of the selective antagonists of the receptors of leucotrienes-B4 (CP-693,105) and to identify their potent mechanism of action. We developed several models of relapsing colitis based on a hapten (DNBS) or class I peptide (GP33) specific colonic DTH reaction occurring in normal and transgenic mice. We show that i) specific IFNγ-producing CD8+ CTL, without CD4+ T cell help, were colitogenic effector cells in these models, ii) colitis was initiated by the release of granzyme B by CD8+ T cells responsible for cytolysis of epithelial cells leading to damage of the intestinal barrier, iii) CD4+T cells as regulatory cells contribute to the control of intestinal inflammation and lesions in these models, iv) CP-693105 has beneficial effects on the CD8+T cell-mediated colitis in inhibiting the migration of effector cells into the colon. These data emphasize the unanticipated role of CD8+ CTL in IBD and suggest that CD8+ T cells may represent a relevant target for the development of novel therapeutics such as selective leukotriene receptor antagonists
Vuddamalay, Yirajen. "Lymphocytes T régulateurs CD8+CD28low : différenciation et rôle dans l'asthme allergique". Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3440/.
Pełny tekst źródłaRegulatory T cells (Treg) play a central role in the control immune responses. Their multi-faceted action contributes to the maintenance of immune self-tolerance and homeostasis. Expression of the CD8 co-receptor and low levels of the co-stimulatory molecule CD28 characterizes one of the several Treg populations identified. CD8+CD28low Treg from mice exert suppressive function in vitro and control experimental immunopathology in vivo. However the origin and physiological role of these cells have remained unclear up till now. Treg can either develop in the thymus from bone-marrow-derived hematopoietic precursors or differentiate from the pool of conventional T cells in the periphery. Depending on their origin, Treg play distinct roles in immune responses. We have demonstrated that in mouse, functional CD8+CD28low Treg are present in the thymus and that these cells develop locally and are not recirculating from the periphery. We also identified a homologous naïve CD8+CD28low T cell population with immunosuppressive properties in human peripheral blood and thymus. We then evaluated the physiological relevance of CD8+CD28low Treg in the control of immune responses. We used a conditional knockout approach to generate mice bearing specific ablation of IL-10, a key molecule involved in the maintenance of immune homeostasis at mucosal surfaces, in CD8+ T cells. In an experimental model of asthma, these mice developed exaggerated airway inflammation demonstrating the role of one or several IL10-producing CD8+ Treg populations in the control of airway responses. Importantly, adoptive transfer of IL10-proficient CD8+CD28low Treg was sufficient to restrain the allergic reaction. Investigating the relevance of thymus-derived CD8+CD28low Treg in immune-mediated pathologies will eventually lead to a better comprehension of the physiological role of these cells and possible cell-based therapeutics
Nicol, Jonathan. "Effet différentiel de la costimulation par la molécule B7.2 sur les lymphocytes T CD4+ versus T CD8+". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2002.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaGervassi, Ana L. "Chlamydia trachomatis interactions with human dendritic and CD8⁺ T cells /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9274.
Pełny tekst źródłaPoitrasson-Rivière, Maud. "Cellules T DC4+ FOXP3+ régulatrices et tolérance des lymphocytes T CD8+ à la périphérie". Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05T008.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe first part of this work showed, in an original mice model, that regulatory CD4+ T cells play an important role in preventing peripheral CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmunity. We suggest that regulatory CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells induce the generation at the periphery of regulatory CD8+ T cells that can then regulate conventional CD8+ T cells activity. The second part of this work suggests strongly that self-recognition events are required to control autoreactive, potentially pathogenic, conventional T cells. Autoreactivity would thus be necessary for its own control
Sérazin, Céline. "Raffinement de l'identité des lymphocytes T régulateurs CD8+ chez l'Homme grâce à l'utilisation des technologies multi-omiques". Thesis, Nantes Université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NANU1016.
Pełny tekst źródłaCD8+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were the first suppressive cells reported in 1970, but they were put aside for years due to a lack of markers to properly define them. Our team demonstrated that CD8+ Tregs identified by low and/or negative expression of CD45RC, one the isoforms of the CO45 molecule, show potent suppressive activity in vitro and in vivo, while cells expressing high levels of CO45RC do not. Herein, we addressed the heterogeneity within CD8+ T lymphocytes, particularly in CD8+CD45RClow/- Tregs and identified new markers. These analyses enabled the characterization of the transcriptomic heterogeneity at a single cell level from non-stimulated total CD8+ T cells and allowed definition of regulatory CD8+CD45RClow/- Treg subsets. Functional analysis using cell sorting and suppressive assays highlighted the suppressive potential of the CD8+CD45RClow/- TNFR2+CD29low Tregs subset. To date, to our knowledge, this is the largest characterization study of human CD8+ Tregs, this huge data resource will help in the current revival of CD8+ Tregs in research, will improve our understanding of T cell heterogeneity and will help translate CD8+ Tregs to the clinic
LEGRAND, Nicolas. "Sélection centrale, survie et sélection périphérique des lymphocytes T ab CD8+". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001512.
Pełny tekst źródłaDans un premier temps, nous avons étudié la sélection centrale et périphérique de cellules T ab CD8+ exprimant deux transgènes codant respectivement pour le TCR aHY, spécifique de l'antigène mâle H-Y, et le TCR P14, spécifique du peptide gp33-41 issu du virus de la chorioméningite lymphocytaire (LCMV). Ce modèle reproduit un phénomène courant dans le système immunitaire, puisqu'on trouve chez l'homme et la souris jusqu'à 30% de cellules exprimant deux TCR différents à leur surface. Nos résultats montrent que l'expression de deux TCR par les cellules T ab CD8+ leur permet d'échapper partiellement à la sélection négative dans le thymus, et de résister à la délétion clonale à la périphérie. Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié l'établissement d'une infection chronique par le LCMV dans des souris n'ayant pour lymphocytes que des cellules T exprimant le TCR P14 (souris MoP14). Nous avons pu observer que cette infection passe par la sélection de variants viraux spécifiquement mutés au niveau de l'épitope gp33-41, mais également par la modification du comportement des cellules T ab CD8+ des animaux. L'ensemble de ces données plaide pour un modèle d'adaptation des lymphocytes T ab CD8+ à leurs conditions environnementales.
Enfin, nous avons étendu ce travail à l'étude de l'influence des molécules de classe I du CMH sur la survie et la prolifération homéostatique des lymphocytes T ab CD8+, en utilisant une gamme de souris transgéniques pour le TCR. Nos résultats montrent une variété de comportements en relation avec la réactivité croisée supposée des différents TCR utilisés.
Rapetti, Vachieri Laëtitia. "Les mécanismes de différenciation des lymphocytes T CD8 en cellules mémoires". Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05T004.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this study, we showed the multiplicity of CD4 T cell help on the different aspects of CDS responses: proliferation, survival, effectors functions and memory cell differentiation. This help involves CD40 signalization and others signals. CD40 expression on APC and on CD8 T cells play a direct and complementary role: CD40 expression on APC is important for CD8 T cell expansion; CD40 expression on CD8 T cells is crucial for their differentiation into memory cell. During secondary response, CD40 deficiency on CD8 T cells alters their expansion, their capacity of control of antigen load, their effectors functions, their sensibility toward activating/surviving cytokines and increases their sensibility toward inhibitory cytokines. CD40 expression on CD8 T cells is also strictly involved into the establishment of the memory cell differentiation program
Villani, Axel. "Rôle des lymphocytes T CD8+ dans les hypersensibilités retardées cutanées médicamenteuses". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1143.
Pełny tekst źródłaToxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare and severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR). The histologic hallmark of this reaction is necrosis with detachment of the epidermis resulting in skin blistering. This is a vital emergency with up to 30% deaths at the acute phase. The percentage of blistering skin determines two clinical entities: Stevens-Johnson syndrome when detachment represents less than 10% and Lyell's syndrome when it is greater than 30%. The development of late complications, notably mucous synechiae, is frequent and must be systematically prevented. Pathophysiologic mechanism consists in a delayed drug hypersensitivity reaction in which cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a major role. Genetic background is also very important with HLA-drug associations which have been reported, notably in asian ppopulations. Treatment remains very debated : systemic steroids, ciclosporin or intravenous immunoglobulins are commonly used. Some studies also suggest that TNF-alpha inhibitors are of interest in treating this disease. The aim of this work is to understand the mechanisms underlying the most severe CADRs, through the characterization of TEN patients. We first determined the main CD45+ populations present in the acute phase of both TEN and patients who devloped a benign maculo-papular exanthema (MPE). We sought to determine the presence of cell populations specific to these pathologies, particularly within CD8+ T lymphocytes, which were the majority population in these two CADRs. In particular, we have shown that there is a major expansion of CD8+ T lymphocytes in memory and polycytotoxic effectors during TEN compared to MPE. Then, we focused on the clonality of these CD8+ T lymphocyte populations through the analysis of their V-beta sequences and then by means of high throughput DNA sequencing: in particular, we showed that these CD8+ T lymphocyte expansions were clonotypic in the skin. We also studied the expansion of these skin clones in the blood of TEN patients and showed that their blood expansion was directly correlated with clinical severity. Finally, we were able to demonstrate in vitro in two patients that these clones were specific to the suspected drug
Villani, Axel. "Rôle des lymphocytes T CD8+ dans les hypersensibilités retardées cutanées médicamenteuses". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1143.
Pełny tekst źródłaToxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare and severe cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR). The histologic hallmark of this reaction is necrosis with detachment of the epidermis resulting in skin blistering. This is a vital emergency with up to 30% deaths at the acute phase. The percentage of blistering skin determines two clinical entities: Stevens-Johnson syndrome when detachment represents less than 10% and Lyell's syndrome when it is greater than 30%. The development of late complications, notably mucous synechiae, is frequent and must be systematically prevented. Pathophysiologic mechanism consists in a delayed drug hypersensitivity reaction in which cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a major role. Genetic background is also very important with HLA-drug associations which have been reported, notably in asian ppopulations. Treatment remains very debated : systemic steroids, ciclosporin or intravenous immunoglobulins are commonly used. Some studies also suggest that TNF-alpha inhibitors are of interest in treating this disease. The aim of this work is to understand the mechanisms underlying the most severe CADRs, through the characterization of TEN patients. We first determined the main CD45+ populations present in the acute phase of both TEN and patients who devloped a benign maculo-papular exanthema (MPE). We sought to determine the presence of cell populations specific to these pathologies, particularly within CD8+ T lymphocytes, which were the majority population in these two CADRs. In particular, we have shown that there is a major expansion of CD8+ T lymphocytes in memory and polycytotoxic effectors during TEN compared to MPE. Then, we focused on the clonality of these CD8+ T lymphocyte populations through the analysis of their V-beta sequences and then by means of high throughput DNA sequencing: in particular, we showed that these CD8+ T lymphocyte expansions were clonotypic in the skin. We also studied the expansion of these skin clones in the blood of TEN patients and showed that their blood expansion was directly correlated with clinical severity. Finally, we were able to demonstrate in vitro in two patients that these clones were specific to the suspected drug
Ng, Bernice Yu Jing. "Chronic Inflammation-Driven Tumor Promotion Asociated with CD8+ T Cells". Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08232007-122524/.
Pełny tekst źródłaLabalette, Myriam. "La dynamique des lymphocytes T CD8+ humains du compartiment lymphocytaire périphérique : de l'in-vivo, l'infection à cytomégalovirus chez les receveurs d'organes, à l'in-vitro, la différenciation des cellules T CD8+CD28+ nai͏̈ves". Lille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL2MT12.
Pełny tekst źródłaRossignol, Julien. "Rôle de la Neuropiline dans la réponse immunitaire antitumorale des Lymphocytes T CD8+". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS440.
Pełny tekst źródłaT follicular helper (Tfh) cells play an essential role in the development of antigen-specific B cell immunity. Tfh cells regulate the differentiation and survival of activated B cells outside and inside germinal centers (GC) of secondary lymphoid organs. They act through cognate contacts with antigen-presenting B cells, but there is no current marker to specifically identify those Tfh cells which productively interact with B cells. Here we show that neuropilin 1 (Nrp1), a cell surface receptor, is selectively expressed by a subset of Tfh cells in human secondary lymphoid organs. Nrp1 expression on Tfh cells correlates with B cell differentiation in vivo and in vitro, is transient, and can be induced upon co-culture with autologous memory B cells in a cell contact-dependent manner. Comparative analysis of ex vivo Nrp1+ and Nrp1- Tfh cells reveals gene expression modulation during activation. Finally, Nrp1 is expressed by malignant Tfh-like cells in a severe case of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) associated with elevated terminal B cell differentiation. Thus, Nrp1 is a specific marker of Tfh cells cognate activation in humans, which may prove useful as a prognostic factor and a therapeutic target in neoplastic diseases associated with Tfh cells activity
Grau, Morgan. "Identification de nouveaux biomarqueurs permettant la caractérisation des lymphocytes T CD8 mémoires innés". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1023/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe pool of memory CD8 T cells is composed of two major cell classes. On one hand, conventional memory CD8 T cells are generated consequently to the specific recognition of pathogen or tumor derived antigens. On the other hand, innate memory CD8 T cells are generated through several mechanisms involving strong yc cytokine stimulation in the absence of cognate antigen recognition. However, these cell classes harbor a very similar phenotype. As a consequence, innate memory CD8 T cell population remains poorly characterized. This PhD has two main objectives : 1 / Identify new biomarkers that enable the discrimination between memory CD8 T cell classes 2/ Characterize the population of innate memory CD8 T cells in physiological condition Our results show that among the pool of memory CD8 T cells, only the conventional ones express the chemokine CCL5 and the NK receptor NKG2D. These two biomarkers enable for the first time the discrimination of memory CD8 T cell classes in physiological settings, in both mouse and human. Thanks to these new tools, we show that innate memory CD8 T cells hold typical memory features, such as an increased reactivity compared to naïve cells and a genetic program similar to the one of conventional memory cells. Nevertheless, this cell population also retains some features typical of naïve cells. The diversified TCR repertoire of this cell population allows it to participate to primary immune responses against various intracellular pathogens. Moreover, like naïve cells, innate memory CD8 T cells fail to access peripheral tissues upon local inflammation, which correlate with an absence of expression of some integrins. Altogether, these results demonstrate that innate memory CD8 T cells, characterized by the absence of expression of CCL5 and NKG2D, represent a hybrid cell population, at the boundary between naïve cells and conventional memory cells
Hua, Stéphane. "Caractérisation des lymphocytes T CD8+ spécifiques du VIH chez les « HIV controllers »". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA114817/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaSeveral defects of the immune response have been evidenced during HIV infection, especially CD8+ T cell response. A rare group of patients (0.5%) called HIV controllers (HIC) can spontaneously control HIV infection and studies showed that these patients present high HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Moreover excessive activation of CD8+ T cells seems to play a major role since this parameter correlates strongly with disease progression. Indeed, immune activation observed in HIC is lower than in viremic patients and similar as in HAART-treated patients. Furthermore HIC exhibit a peculiar activation phenotype with low CD38 expression and high HLA-DR expression and characterized by a higher frequency of CD38-/HLA-DR+ expressing cells. The aim of these works was to characterize optimal HIV-specific T cells which are implicated in the control of viral replication in HIC. We first studied this subpopulation CD38-/HLA-DR+ and showed that it is characterized by an absence of activation marker expression except for HLA-DR and by efficient effector functions (high cytotoxicity) and good memory functions (better survival, proliferation and higher frequency of polyfunctional cells). We then deciphered the mechanism responsible for the induction of this phenotype and demonstrated that low dose of antigen induce preferentially CD38-/HLA-DR+ phenotype while high dose of antigen induce preferentially CD38+/HLA-DR+. We next characterized HIV-specific CD8+ T cells from HIC by markers associated with cytotoxicity: T-box transcription factor T-bet and Eomes and CD57. We demonstrated heterogeneity of Eomes expression and only CD57+/Eomeshi and CD57+/Eomesint subpopulation exhibit cytotoxic capacity ex vivo. We then showed that HIC exhibited higher frequency of CD57+/Eomeshi expressing HIV specific CD8+ T cells with high functionalities (proliferation, survival). Furthermore frequency of this subpopulation correlated with low viral load suggesting a role of CD57+/Eomeshi in the control of viral replication. Nevertheless, the high CD8+ T cell responses are not found in all HIC and some patients who control viral replication in vivo exhibit low inhibition by CD8+ T cells ex vivo and are called Weak Responders by opposition to Strong Responders who exhibit high inhibition by CD8+ T cells. Our study demonstrated that the CD8+ T cell response is associated with the CD4+ T cells: Weak Responders showed low CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses especially low CD38-/HLA-DR+ frequency and Strong Responders showed high CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response especially high CD38-/HLA-DR+ frequency. We therefore defined two subpopulations which are overrepresented in HIC and which are probably implicated in control of HIV. The low dose and low immune activation could be involved in the induction and persistence of high anti-HIV CD8+ T cell response and might have implications for HIV vaccine strategies
Marquez-Campos, Maria Elena. "Etude des mécanismes d'adaptation des lymphocytes T CD8+ dans la tolérance périphérique". Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066220.
Pełny tekst źródłaLegrand, Nicolas. "Sélection centrale, survie et sélection périphérique des lymphocytes T alpha beta CD8+". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066225.
Pełny tekst źródłaCayssials, Émilie. "Les lymphocytes T CD8 innés et immunosurveillance antitumorale : application au modèle de la leucémie myéloïde chronique". Thesis, Poitiers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020POIT1407.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe have recently identified a new subset of innate T cells in humans, which we have termed « innate CD8 T-cells ». These cells express TCRαβ along with the transcription factor Eomesodermine (Eomes) and KIR/NKG2A membrane receptors. Innate CD8 T-cells share functional and phenotypic features with “innate memory” CD8 T-cells discovered in mice in the early 2000s. The development of these cells depends on the secretion of IL-4 by the T cells expressing the transcription factor Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger (PLZF), and particularly iNKT, also called « invariant Natural Killer T-cells ». We have used the physiopathological model of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) to study the potential role of innate CD8 T -cells in anticancer immunity in humans. Indeed, CML is considered to be one of the cancers most sensitive to immunological manipulation. CML is a malignant hemopathy that belongs to the family of myeloproliferative neoplasms characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 oncogene. This oncogene is responsible for expression of the oncoprotein BCR-ABL with deregulated tyrosine kinase activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) represent the standard of care for CML patients, of which the first in class was Imatinib. This targeted therapy has dramatically improved outcomes CML patients' outcomes, but they cannot achieve a cure. We previously reported that iNKT lymphocytes, a sub-population of innate T cells of which the implication into anti-tumoral immunosurveillance has been clearly demonstrated in human and in mouse models, are anergic in CML patients at diagnosis. Although these cells are functionally impaired, particularly in terms of IL-4 secretion, we have shown that their functional deficiencies are totally restored in CML patients in complete cytogenetic remission upon Imatinib therapy. Similarly to the iNKT lymphocytes, we presently show a major defect in the innate CD8 T-cells during the chronic phase in CML patients compared to those of healthy donors (HD) or patients in major molecular remission (MMR). This numerical defect is associated with a loss of NK-like functions (interferon-γ expression after innate stimulation by IL-12+IL-18 cytokines and with a loss of degranulation after stimulation via CD16). Interestingly, we have observed in patients in MMR under Imatinib a numeric and functional restoration that is at least partial, in terms of interferon-γ secretion after innate stimulation, of the innate CD8 T-cells. In analysis of cohorts of HD, CML patients at diagnosis and those in MMR under TKI, we have observed a correlation between Eomes expression by innate T CD8 T-cells and PLZF expression by iNKT cells. This finding underscores a possible dynamic process of generation of innate CD8 T-cells in humans that would depend on iNKT cells, as is the case in mice. To test the hypothesis that innate CD8 T-cells contribute to the control of CML, we have analyzed their status in a cohort of CML patients who, in spite of a persistent minimal residual disease, had maintained remission (MMR) more than two years after TKI discontinuation. In these patients, we demonstrate a dramatic increase of functional active innate CD8 T-cells as compared to HD and patients in MMR under TKI. All in all, these results underscore the major role of innate CD8 T-cells in anti-leukemic immunity during CML disease. We believe and we will test the hypothesis that the numeric and functional restoration of this subset might constitute a potential biomarker of successful TKI cessation in CML. We will also investigate whether innate CD8 T-cells could be a target for immunotherapy-based strategy
Serre, Karine. "Présentation d'antigènes exogènes par les cellules dendritiques, aux lymphocytes T CD4 et aux lymphocytes T CD8, in vitro et in vivo". Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22003.
Pełny tekst źródłaCarpenter, Stephen M. "Memory CD8+ T Cell Function during Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection: A Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2016. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/860.
Pełny tekst źródłaSuzuki-Jaecks, Ivy. "Fas ligand-mediated costimulation in peripheral T lymphocytes /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8319.
Pełny tekst źródłaWilson, Susan Elizabeth. "The role of CD8+ T-lymphocyte mediated immunity in HIV-1 infection". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368072.
Pełny tekst źródłaLambert, Claude. "Lymphocytes T non conventionnels circulants détectés par cytomètrie en flux". Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764136.
Pełny tekst źródłaPozzi, Lu-Ann M. "Macrophages Directly Prime Naïve CD8+ T Cells: a Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2004. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/117.
Pełny tekst źródłaPomié, Céline. "Développement et mécanismes suppresseurs des lymphocytes T régulateurs CD8+CD28low chez la souris". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU30118.
Pełny tekst źródłaImmunological unresponsiveness to self and innocuous non-self antigens is in large part assured by regulatory T lymphocytes. While CD4+ T lymphocytes have recently attracted most attention, several CD8+ regulatory T cell populations are also thought to play an important role in immunoregulation. One of these CD8+ populations is characterized by low-level expression of the co-stimulatory molecule CD28. CD8+CD28low regulatory T cells (Treg), freshly isolated from unmanipulated wildtype mice, prevent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induced by transfer of CD4+CD45RBhigh T-cells into immunodeficient mice. IL-10 and TGF-ß play a crucial and non-redundant role in prevention of experimentally induced colitis. Importantly, defects in the immunosuppressive activity of CD8+ (but not CD4) cells from colonic biopsies of patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease have been described, suggesting a critical role of CD8+ Treg in the prevention of this pathology. The selection of the Treg TCR-repertoire inhibiting intestinal inflammation remains a largely unexplored issue. We have assessed the capacity of CD8+CD28low Treg isolated from AIRE-deficient mice to prevent experimental colitis. This transcription factor allows for expression of tissue-antigens in thymic medullary epithelial as well as lymph node stromal cells and thereby induces tolerance to self-antigens. Whereas they were fully functional in in vitro suppression assays, AIRE-deficient CD8+CD28low failed to prevent experimental colitis. This observation strongly suggests that AIRE shapes the TCR-repertoire CD8+CD28low Treg. We also searched for the cellular target of Treg-derived IL-10 and assessed the potential role of IDO (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) in the prevention of colitis by CD8+CD28low Treg. A better comprehension of the molecular suppressor mechanisms and of the development of CD8+CD28low Treg involved in control of intestinal inflammation should ultimately lead to development of novel and genuinly curative therapies for the treatment of IBD
Laffont, Sophie. "Rôle des lymphocytes cytotoxiques T CD8 et NK dans le contrôle des réponses T CD4 alloréactives". Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30033.
Pełny tekst źródłaCD4 T cells play an essential in allograft rejection. However, factors influencing their polarization into Th1 or Th2 effector cells in vivo are still poorly understood. We report here that in absence of CD8 T cell and/or NK cell activation, a strong CD4 T cells occurs characterized by the development of type-2 cytokine producing cells. In this situation, allogeneic skin grafts are heavily infiltrated with eosinophil. The aim of the study here was to investigate the mechanisms by which CD8 T lymphocytes and NK cells can control CD4 T cell priming. We found that, they both act by limiting the accumulation of donor-derived dendritic (Dcs) cells through a perforin-dependent mechanism. We propose that CD8 T cells and NK cells, by controlling the half-life of allogeneic DCs, modify the kinetics of DC differentiation in lymph nodes thereby modulate the amplitude and the polarization of alloreactive CD4 T cells
Daniel, Lauren. "Les lymphocytes T CD8 innés, une nouvelle population T non conventionnelle (re)programmée en transplantation rénale". Thesis, Poitiers, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021POIT1403.
Pełny tekst źródłaInnate CD8 T-cells are a non-conventional αβ-T-cell population recently described in our laboratory. We call them “non-conventional” because of their expression of markers from both adaptive immunity (transcription factor Eomesodermin and memory T-cell phenotype) and innate immunity (Natural Killer cell receptors, response to innate-like cytokine stimulation). The functions of innate CD8 T-cells are not well-known, although there are strong arguments for their involvement in anti-infectious and anti-tumor immunity.It has been reported that immunosenescence and/or chronic antigenic stimulation (induced, for example, by chronic viral cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections) result(s) in NK marker expression by T-cells. This phenotype is therefore similar to that of our cells of interest. To study the influence of chronic antigen stimulation on CD8 T-cells, and especially their innate component, we chose organ transplantation as a model. In this domain, research has been focused on immune cell populations that may play a role in graft tolerance or rejection. Among them, innate CD8 T-cells deserve special attention due to their effector/cytotoxic innate functions. We presumed their being reprogrammed by graft and/or viral chronic stimulation during organ transplantation. This hypothesis was tested in a cohort of patients with kidney-transplants for more than ten years, under minimized immunosuppressive treatment (ciclosporin A (CsA) monotherapy), without any clinical and biological sign of rejection. First, our work revealed a more accentuated senescent phenotype (increased frequency of CD27(-)CD28(-) cells) in innate CD8 T-cells from healthy donors (HD) than in their conventional counterpart. Moreover, the frequency of the innate T-cell population, unlike that of conventional CD8 T-cells, did not correlate with age.In the cohort of transplant patients, we observed an increased frequency of innate CD8 T-cells, accompanied by an exacerbated senescent and terminal effector (CD45RA(+)CCR7(-)) phenotype, compared to HD cells. Patients with positive CMV serology had an increased senescent phenotype compared to patients with negative serology.By altering TCR signaling, CsA immunosuppressive therapy could also facilitate the (re)programming of CD8 T-cells in favor of their innate counterpart. In agreement with this hypothesis, in vitro modeling of CsA effects on CD8 T-cells from HD in the presence of IL-15 and TCR stimulation enabled us to document an increased innate CD8 T-cell pool to the detriment of the naive CD8 T-cell pool, accompanied by an enhancement of their functions (innate production of IFN-γ).Conversely, in transplant patients, innate CD8 T-cells were dysfunctional, with decreased innate IFN-γ production, which may result from their decreased membrane expression of the IL-15 receptor, a cytokine essential for innate CD8 T-cells. This dysfunction, which cannot be attributed to cellular exhaustion or cancer history, raises the question of the role of chronic allo-specific stimulation.All in all, this work suggests that the context of renal allogenic transplantation leads to reprogramming and aging-like phenotype of innate CD8 T-cells, linked (at least partially) to immunosuppressive treatment. This hypothesis requires confirmation by a precise analysis of the direct allo-specificity of innate CD8 T-cells against the graft
Grange, Magali. "Optimisation moléculaire des fonctions anti-tumorales des LT CD8". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4059.
Pełny tekst źródłaAdoptive therapies are compromised by poor infiltration and expansion of injected CD8 T cells. Previous work in our team has demonstrated that signals from TCR and IL-2 receptor are acting in synergy to promote the differentiation of CD8 T cells. Moreover, this IL-2 effect can be mimicked by a constitutive active form of STAT5 (STAT5CA). During my PhD, I expressed this active STAT5 in anti-tumor CD8 T cells in order to enhance their activity. We demonstrated that STAT5CA sustains gene expression involved in migration, survival, cytolytic granules composition, Tc1 cytokine secretion (IFNy/TNFα) and secondary response potential. T cells transduced with STAT5CA up-regulate expression of the transcription factors T-bet and Eomes which are involved respectively in effector or central memory T cell differentiation. Cytolytic and migratory properties of STAT5CA T cells contribute to their capacities to induce regression of both transplanted and induced (TiRP model) melanomas, while control T cells were inefficient. Those results suggest that STAT5CA T cells are less sensitive to tumor-derived immunosuppression. Compared to control T cells, STAT5CA T cells show a down-regulation of IL-6Rα and TGFβRII which correlate with their decreased sensitivity to IL-6 and TGF1 derived immunosuppression. Moreover, STAT5CA T cells infiltrate lung, liver and pancreas which open possible treatments for highly frequent tumors that are not efficiently cured
Parrot, Tiphaine. "Étude des lymphocytes Tαβ double positifs CD4+ CD8+ intra-tumoraux dans la réponse immune anti-mélanome". Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT1031/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe immune infiltrate is a key factor in the tumor progression and has a prognostic value for the efficacy of anti-tumor treatments especially for immunotherapies. Therefore, the understanding of the cellular components and their interactions taking place within the tumor microenvironment is necessary for the future optimization of anti-tumor therapeutic strategies. We previously documented among melanoma-infiltrating lymphocytes, an atypical tumor reactive and class-Irestricted T cell population co-expressing both CD4 and CD8 co-receptors. In this study, we excluded a cytotoxic and regulatory function for these cells and ascribed helper properties through the expression of the CD40L costimulatory molecule. Through the CD40L/CD40 interaction, DP T cells allow B cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as, the licensing of dendritic cells for the efficient priming of an anti-tumor cytotoxic CD8 T cell response. Also, our results described a potential role of the interleukin-9 cytokine in DP T cell function and homeostasis. Through its interaction with its cognate receptor, the IL-9 receptor, expressed by DP T cells, IL-9 increases their survival and proliferation and could enhance their enrichment in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, IL-9 enhances their functional properties including cytokine production, cytolytic activity and probably their helper potential. It would be interesting to now define the relevance of this population ex vivo in the anti-tumor immune response by correlating their intra-tumor frequency with the clinical status of the patients
Ventre, Erwann. "Modulation des fonctions des lymphocytes T CD8 par l'Interleukine-4 et les cytokines de la famille γc". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00678496.
Pełny tekst źródłaLamontagne-Blouin, Christopher. "Modulation of T cell antigen receptor signaling in CD8+ T lymphocytes following priming with homeostatic and inflammatory cytokines". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6325.
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