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Folgart, Anika Price Andrew J. "Evaluation of weed management practices in white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)". Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1993.
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Brand, Jason David. "Genotypic variation in rough-seeded lupins (Lupinus pilosus Murr. and L. atlanticus Glads.) for tolerance to calcareous soils /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09APSP/09apspb817.pdf.
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Rodriguez, Caren. "Study of macromolecules in phloem exudate of Lupinus albus". University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0211.
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[Truncated abstract] The phloem long distance translocation system is not only involved in the transport of nutrients and photo-assimilates to different organs of the plant, but it also appears to be important for the transport of information molecules including growth-regulators, proteins and RNA. Translocation of signals appears to be involved in the coordination of developmental processes and also in the response of the plant to environmental cues. Much of the information about macromolecules in phloem comes from analyses of exudates collected from the stylets of sap sucking insects or from incisions made to the vasculature. Among the legumes, members of the genus Lupinus exude phloem 'freely' from incisions made to the vasculature at most organs of the plant. This feature was exploited in this study to document some of the macromolecules present in exudate of L. albus and which might represent potential mobile signals. Phloem exudate was collected mainly from the sutures of developing pods and from inflorescence racemes. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify 83 proteins in exudate. Analysis of a cDNA library constructed from exudate identified 609 unique transcripts. Both proteins and mRNA were classified into functional groups. The largest group was related to general and energy metabolism, suggesting some metabolic activity probably to support the sieve element (SE). Other significant functional groups were represented by proteins and transcripts involved in protein synthesis, turnover and sorting, and in redox homeostasis. Proteins in these categories could play a role in maintaining the functions and stability of proteins in SE. Macromolecules involved in signalling such as transcripts encoding proteins mediating calcium levels and the Flowering locus T (FT) protein were also identified in phloem exudate of L. albus. FT protein has been recently identified as a mobile signal that induces flowering. ... The hen1 mutant accumulates low, sometimes even undetectable levels of miRNA due to the lack of methylation. No translocation of the five miRNA assayed under nutrient replete (non stress) conditions was observed. Translocation of miR395 in response to sulphur (S) deficiency was also investigated, and while conclusive evidence of translocation was not obtained, the data suggested some movement from roots to shoots (possibly in xylem) of a signal in response to S-deficiency. Future work is required to provide greater insight into the translocation path and identity of this S-deficiency signal. This study suggests that not all miRNA identified in phloem exudates are mobile, which raises the question about their biological relevance in SE and how they reached this location (e.g. through the action of a non-selective transport mechanism). However, there is also the possibility that miRNA are translocated only in response to specific internal or external cues not tested in this study. This is the first study that provides information on macromolecules present in the phloem exudate of a member of the Fabaceae. The information obtained from this work, provides a basis for future studies in the identification of potential mobile signals that may play a role in a communication network that traffics information around the plant, regulating its various developmental processes and responding to environmental cues.
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Ali, Ahmed. "Use of pectinases to improve the nutritive value of lupins for poultry". University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0094.
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[Truncated abstract] Australia produces 87% of the worlds lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) which have the potential to be an excellent source of protein and energy in animal diets. However, feed manufacturers and poultry producers cannot use more than about 5% lupins in broiler and 7% in layer diets. The main reason is because 34% of the lupin grain comprises complex cell-wall polysaccharides that are indigestible. The main component of cell walls in lupins is pectin (33%). Poultry cannot digest pectin because they don't secrete the appropriate enzymes so their ability to use lupins is limited. Undigested pectins increase the viscosity of digesta in the bird's digestive tract, which in turn reduces the digestibility of dry matter and efficiency of feed utilisation. Pectins also increase water-holding capacity, a characteristic directly related to water intake and wet droppings. In this thesis, I tested the general hypothesis that breakdown of cell walls and pectins will improve the nutritive value of lupins for broilers and layers and reduce wet droppings. This hypothesis was tested in six experiments by treating lupins with specific exogenous enzymes (pectinases) or mechanical-heat treatment (expansion) plus pectinase. In the first experiment, attempts to break down the cell walls and pectins using four doses of pectinase, specifically polygalacturonase (PG), succeeded in improving the nutritive value of whole and dehulled lupins for egg layers. The lowest dose, 0.6g/kg diet, was the most effective dose for reducing water intake, wet droppings, the viscosity of the digesta and the number of soiled eggs. ... Equivalent figures for layers were 14, 15, 5 and 8%, indicating that the pectinases were slightly more effective in layers than broilers. For diets containing 20% dehulled lupins, pectinases were also very effective at breaking down both pectin and cell walls to release nutrients and, concomitantly, reducing water intake and wet droppings, but the magnitude of the responses was slightly less than with the 10% dehulled lupin diets. For diets containing 30% dehulled lupins, although the pectinases again were effective at breaking down pectin and cell walls and reducing viscosity, they did not reduce water intake or wet droppings. This might be due to the large amounts of nonmethylated pectic polysaccharides, which make up two thirds of the cell walls, by increasing water-holding capacity particularly when dehulled lupins are included in the diet at high levels (up to 30%). These polysaccharides might be broken down by appropriate enzymes. This hypothesis is worth testing in the future. Overall, the results of my study supported the general hypothesis. These in vivo results are conclusive and consistent. They show that an optimum combination of PME and PG is capable of including dehulled lupins up to 20% in broiler and layer diets without any nutritional or hygienic problems. The strategies I developed have proven very useful for breaking down the cell walls and pectins, improving the nutritive value of lupins for broilers and layers, and reducing wet droppings. By using the optimum combination of two pectinases, it should be possible to make substantial improvements in the nutritive value of lupins for broilers and layers, most importantly by reducing excessive water intake and wet droppings associated with feeding dehulled lupins. Without pectinases, the amount of dehulled lupins used in poultry diets is fairly small (7%), but if pectinases are used, this upper limit can be lifted to 20%.
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Boersma, Jeffrey George. "Contributions to the molecular genetics of the Narrow-leaf Lupin (Lupinus augustifolius L.) : mapping, marker development and QTL analysis". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0001.
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[Truncated abstract] Narrow-leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) was first recorded as having been introduced into Germany during the mid-19th century for use as green manuring and as fodder crops. However, it was not until post World-War I that there was any serious attempt to domesticate the species. Since that time several key domestication genes have been incorporated to enable the species to be grown as a crop over a range of climates, harvested as a bulk commodity and, the seed used for both animal and human consumption. However, the recent domestication of this species has seen a rather limited use of wild germplasm largely as a result of the difficulty in retaining these key domestication genes. To make the task of retaining these genes manageable, it was decided to resort to molecular technology. A mapping population of F8 derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) has previously been established by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, from a cross between a domesticated breeding line 83A:476 and a wild type P27255 in narrow-leaf lupin. The parents together with 89 RILs (of a population of 115) were subjected to DNA fingerprinting using microsatelliteanchored fragment length polymorphism (MFLP) to rapidly generate DNA markers for construction of a linkage map. Five hundred and twenty two unique markers of which 21% were co-dominant, were generated and mapped. Phenotypic data for the domestication traits: mollis (soft seeds), leucospermus (white flower and seed colour); Lentus (reduced pod-shattering), iucundis (low alkaloid), Ku (early flowering) and moustache pattern on seed coats; were included. Three to 7 molecular markers were identified within 5 cM of each of these domestication genes. The anthracnose resistance gene Lanr1 was also mapped. Linkage groups were constructed using MapManager version QTXb20, resulting in 21 linkage groups consisting of 8 or more markers. ... Five pairs of QTLs were found to be involved in epistasis, 2 of these having an effect on early vigour and another 3 influencing the time to opening of the first florets. Variation explained for each trait ranged from 28% for seed size, to 88% for days to flowering. We showed that it was possible to use this data to predict genotypes of superior progeny for these traits under Mediterranean conditions. QTL regions were compared on a second published linkage map and regions of conserved synteny with the model legume Medicago truncatula high-lighted. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates the importance of tight linkage between markers and genes of interest. It is especially important when dealing with genetically diverse material as found in the wild. One of the main problems faced by molecular scientists is the phenomenon known as linkage disequilibrium in marker populations caused by either small population size or 4 insufficient opportunity for recombination. This frequently results in the development of markers with little or no application outside of the population in which it was developed. Although the relatively small size of the population used in this study exposes it to such constraints, in this case excellent and valuable results were achieved in developing useful markers to at least 3 of the domestication traits within a relatively short time period of less then 4 years.
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Phaneuf, Edith. "Description and study of a Phoma sp., a new fungal pathogen of lupines (Lupinus albus L.), in Quebec". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0004/MQ44245.pdf.
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Phaneuf, Edith. "Description and study of a Phoma sp., a new fungal pathogen of lupines (Lupinus albus L.), in Québec". Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20838.
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Lupines (Lupinus albus L.) can provide high levels of good quality protein for human and animal nutrition. Unlike soybeans, lupine seeds do not need to be processed before consumption. Being a member of the legume family, lupines improve soil structure and fertility. Lupines also have the advantage of being able to grow in cooler climates and in fields of lower fertility than soybean. Lupine production is relatively new in Eastern Canada and new diseases limit production in this region. In 1990, a Phoma sp. was isolated from diseased lupine in Quebec and Nova Scotia. This research was undertaken to acquire further knowledge about this lupine pathogen. The morphological characteristics of this fungus do not exactly fit the description of any other Phoma sp., but it is very close to P. pinodella. This Phoma sp. on lupines may be a new variety of P. pinodella affecting lupine in particular. In vitro, mycelium grew over a wide range of temperatures (5°--35°C), the optimal temperature being 25°C. Spore germination occurred under different conditions of temperature, from 10°C to 35°C, the optimum being 25°C. Spores germinated at relative humidities from 94% to 100%, (-7.027 to 0 MPa) the optimum being between 98% and 100% (-2.768 to 0 MPa). In controlled environment, disease symptoms appeared over a wide range of leaf wetness durations (8 h--36 h) and temperature regimes (15°C--30°C). The most extensive disease symptoms occurred following 36 hours of leaf wetness duration at 30°C. This Phoma sp. survived over winter in infected stubble of lupines of the previous year crop. The infected crop residue may be another source of inoculum of this seedborne pathogen.
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MILLER, MARIBETH SCHLINKERT. "PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A FAST-GROWING STRAIN OF LUPINE RHIZOBIA ISOLATED FROM THE SONORAN DESERT (NITROGEN FIXATION, MEXICO)". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188091.
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An effective, fast-growing strain of Rhizobium was isolated from a species of Lupinus native to the Sonoran desert near San Felipe, Baja, Mexico (generation time, 3.6 h). Bacteria isolated from the roots of lupines are normally slow growing, however, Lupine 43, is a fast grower, possesses multiple flagella and produces acid in a defined medium. In comparison to a slow-growing lupine strain, Nitragin 96A11, Lupine 43 has a low intrinsic resistance to antibiotics and is able to utilize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources. Field and incubator studies were conducted to determine if the adaptation of the characteristics of fast-growing strains enables this strain to survive under the desert conditions of the southwestern United States. In the field, where no moisture was added after initial inoculation, Lupine 43 survived in significantly higher numbers than 96A11 for the first two weeks of the low (19C) and the first month of the high (35C) temperature study. In a laboratory study, at a constant moisture level of 1/3 bar, differences in survival between the two strains were dependent on temperature, pH and soil texture.
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Kaur, Sant B. "Comparative Evaluation Of Commercially Grown Lupin And Mung Sprouts". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1994. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1471.
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More than one million tonnes of lupin seed are produced per annum in Western Australia. Lupin can be considered as an alternative to staple pulse food items such as soybeans, peas, chick peas and mung beans. This research was designed to provide potential investors with objective scientifically obtained evidence of the feasibility, and marketing potential, of using lupin as a basis for the commercial development of value added foods, in this case commercially grown lupin sprouts. Sprouts were selected because sprouted lupins are comparable with mung bean sprouts, the market leader, as regards yield and consumer acceptance as a food ingredient. Moreover, there is evidence that Perth based manufacturers of mung bean sprouts experience problems with the supply and quality of the raw mung seeds. The hypothesis which I sought to test was that lupin could be used for the commercial production of sprouts, either as a substitute for mung sprouts or as an additional sprout crop. The commercial environment at JAS is described and analysed in comparison with Guidelines provided in the Camden Technical Manual. Lupin sprouts can be grown commercially with a few modifications in the procedures as used for the production of mung. The programme of research was done in two major components. A series of preliminary small scale experiments was conducted involving temperature measurements, microbiological testing, physical observations and evaluation of the growing environment. Similar measurements and observations were done on full scale commercial sized batches. A survey was conducted to study the sprout usage by Caucasian and South East Asian consumers. Major findings of the research showed that lupin sprouts have a better potential as a new or a complementary product rather than as a substitute to mung sprouts. It has potential in the domestic as well as the off shore market as a value added product. As a result of this research, lupin sprouts were introduced into 11 retail centres in the Perth metropolitan area. Lupin sprouts also have a cost advantage over mung primarily because of its lower seed price. Lupin offers an exciting new opportunity for the commercial producers of sprout crops.
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Breytenbach, Liesl. "The influence of processing of lupins and canola on apparent metabolizable energy and broiler performance". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2200.
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Thesis (MscAgric (Animal Sciences))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.The extrusion and dehulling of sweet blue lupins (Lupinus angustifolius, cultivar Wonga) and the expansion of full-fat canola seed were evaluated in terms of their effect on the nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) value and broiler performance.
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Weitemier, Kevin Allen. "Phylogeographic Patterns and Intervarietal Relationships within Lupinus lepidus: Morphological Differences, Genetic Similarities". PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/919.
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Lupinus lepidus (Fabaceae) contains many morphologically divergent varieties and was restricted in its range during the last period of glaciation. A combination of phylogenetic (with the trnDT and LEGCYC1A loci) and population genetics approaches (with microsatellites and LEGCYC1A are used here to characterize intervarietal relationships and examine hypotheses of recolonization of areas in the Pacific Northwest affected by glaciation. Sequenced loci are not found to form a clade exclusive to L. lepidus, nor are any of the varieties found to form clades. Population genetics analyses reveal only negligible genetic structure within L. lepidus, with the majority of variation being found within populations. Isolation-by-distance analysis reveals some correlation between population genetic distances and geographic distance. Microsatellite and sequence results are consistent with a scenario whereby the Oregon and Washington regions were rapidly colonized from the south, with independent invasions along the eastern and western sides of the Cascade Mountains. A predicted disjunction between northern and southern populations is found within the microsatellite data but not the sequence data, suggesting that northern populations were recolonized via a process involving the spread of novel microsatellite mutations, perhaps through the persistence of a glacial refuge isolated from southern populations. Varieties are not shown to be genetically isolated, and are interpreted as representing ecotypes, with local selection outpacing the effects of migration.
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Tailliez, Antoine. "Effet de l’exsudation de citrate chez le lupin blanc sur la phytodisponibilité de l’uranium". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4335/document.
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L’étude proposée s’inscrit dans un contexte de contamination croissante de la pédosphère et fait le choix d’appréhender cette problématique via une approche centrée sur la rhizospère et sur les mécanismes gouvernant son évolution. Ces travaux s'intéressent à la relation entre l’uranium – un métal naturel ubiquiste non-essentiel – et le citrate – un acide organique de faible poids moléculaire exsudé par certaines espèces végétales poussant sur un milieu pauvre en phosphore. Parmi ces espèces particulières le lupin blanc (Lupinus albus) fait office de plante modèle. Un sol naturellement riche en uranium prélevé à l’affleurement d’une veine de pechblende a été étudié. L’objectif du travail a été de savoir si l’activité racinaire est suffisante pour provoquer la remobilisation de l’uranium dans la solution du sol et favoriser son transfert. Le système sol/plante a été étudié sur rhizotest et de manière découplée en hydroponie et en réacteurs fermés. Il a été démontré que la présence d’uranium dans un milieu contrôlé (hydroponie) stimule l’exsudation de citrate chez les lupins blancs qui ne sont pas carencés en phosphore et que cette exsudation de citrate favorise la solubilisation de l’uranium dans la solution du sol en réacteurs fermés. Ces résultats ont été confirmés par les observations faites sur rhizotest même si les valeurs obtenues dans ce cas étaient plus nuancées. Ceci justifie les approches utilisées et met en évidence leur complémentarité. Les résultats obtenus ont également permis d’apporter des informations concernant la toxicité de l’uranium, son internalisation dans les cellules racinaires ainsi que sur son transfert des racines aux parties aériennesThe present study is related to the context of pedosphere contamination increasing and chose to consider this issue through a focus on rhizosphere and mechanisms that govern its evolution. This work is oriented on the relation between uranium – a non-essential ubiquitous metal – and citrate – a low molecular weight organic acid exudated by specific species when grown on a phosphorus-deficient environment. Among these particular species white lupine (Lupinus albus) is considered as a model species. Furthermore, a natural soil containing huge amounts of uranium has been collected at the outcrop of a pitchblende vein and used during some experiments. The main aim of this PhD thesis was to determine if the root activity of white lupine is sufficient to cause the remobilization of uranium into soil solution and so to promote the transfer of this contaminant to the plant. The soil/plant system has been studied with rhizotests and by combining datas obtained with hydroponics experiments and batches tests. It has been demonstrated that the presence of uranium in a controlled growth medium (hydropony) stimulates citrate exudation in P-sufficient white lupine. More, this citrate exudation enhances uranium solubilization in soil solution in batches. These results have been confirmed by observations on rhizotest even if the values in this case were more nuanced. This justifies the employed approaches and highlights their coherence and complementarity. The results also allowed to provide additional information concerning uranium toxicity, its internalization in root cells as well as its transfer from roots to aerial parts
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Gagnon, Hubert. "Molecular signalling in Lupinus albus-Rhizobium lupini symbiosis". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/NQ40296.pdf.
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Boström, Amanda. "Flowering phenology, pollination and seeding interactions in Garden Lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus)". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-81661.
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The spreading of the invasive plant Garden Lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus) has become a matter of national importance in Sweden, due to it posing a threat to native plant and pollinator diversity. The effective attraction of bumblebees (Bombus spp.) as pollinators facilitates the production of large numbers of seeds, which are key to the Garden Lupine’s success. Possible self-pollination could also provide a competitive edge for the plant. The objective of this study was to study the relationships between Garden Lupine color morphs, pollinator attraction and seeding. Inflorescences of three color morphs were studied during the flowering period, and bumblebee behavior was observed on the site. After seeding, any produced seeds were collected and analyzed, as well as experimentally germinated to provide insight into their viability. A subset of inflorescences of each color morph was prevented access to pollinators, to study potential self-pollination effects. Bumblebees preferred blue flowers over pink, but no difference in pollination between the color morphs was found. Flower color did not affect seed production or seed morphology. Self-pollinated inflorescences produced fewer seeds than those with access to pollinators, but no difference in seed morphology or germinative success between the pollination methods could be established. The results suggest that seed production and germination are less dependent on pollination than expected. The ability to germinate through self-pollination provides insight into the invasive potential of Garden Lupine, suggesting that further studies are needed to successfully counteract its spread.Den invasiva växten blomsterlupin (Lupinus polyphyllus) har på senare år blivit en nationell angelägenhet i Sverige, där den hotar mångfalden av inhemska växter och pollinatörer. Blomsterlupinens framgångsrika tilldragning av framförallt humlor (Bombus spp.) som pollinatörer möjliggör det stora antalet frön som den producerar, vilket är nyckeln till dess invasiva etablering. Eventuell förmåga till självpollinering kan också utgöra en konkurrensfördel. Målet med studien var att utforska relationen mellan blomsterlupinens färgmorfer, pollinering samt fröbildning. Blomställningar av tre färgmorfer studerades under blomningsperioden. Humlornas beteende observerades också under perioden vid lupinlokalen. Efter frösättning samlades alla producerade frön upp och analyserades, varefter ett frögroningsexperiment utfördes för att belysa frönas grobarhet. I ett fältexperiment nekades en delmängd av blomställningarna tillgång till pollinatörer, för att studera eventuell självpollinering och dess effekter. Humlorna föredrog blåa blommor före rosa, men ingen skillnad i pollinering mellan färgmorferna kunde fastställas. Blommornas färg hade ingen effekt på fröproduktion eller -morfologi. Självpollinerade blomställningar producerade färre frön överlag än de med tillgång till pollinatörer, men ingen skillnad i frömorfologi eller grobarhet mellan pollineringsmetoderna kunde påvisas. Resultaten antyder att fröproduktion och frögroning hos blomsterlupin är beroende av pollinering i mindre grad än förväntat. Förmågan att gro genom självpollinering belyser blomsterlupinens invasiva potential, och antyder att fler studier behövs för att framgångsrikt motverka dess spridning.
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Knudsen, Carola. "The impact of the invasive Garden lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus) on plant communities along species rich road verges". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för biologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-82563.
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The Swedish Transport Administration works continuously with biological diversity. The project, “Species-rich road verges”, begun in 1995. A species-rich road verge is a road verge area that houses objects worthy of protection. It is common for a species-rich road verge to contain meadow species but on the other hand, road verges also function as new habitat for invasive species. Invasive species often tend to show faster growth and higher reproductive potential than non-invasive species and are considered to homogenize ecosystems because many native species often have difficulty competing with them. The invasive Garden lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus) can be particularly problematic at species-rich road verges, where it competes with the native flora. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the presence of L. polyphyllus in species-rich road verges decreases plant diversity and species richness, if it changes the species composition and if it affects the vegetation height. The study also wanted to investigate if the presence of L. polyphyllus in species-rich road verges presence affects the thickness of the litter, the pH-value in the soil and the ecological indicator values. This study was conducted at 12 species rich road verges in Värmland and Örebro counties in Sweden, where vascular plants in a box of 1 m2 were inventoried along the road verges in pairs, each pair containing a plot where L. polyphyllus was present (“lupine plot”) and a plot where L. polyphyllus was absent (“control plot”). At each species-rich road verge as many pairs as the length of the road verge allowed was inventoried. Vegetation height, litter thickness and pH- value were also measured and ecological indicator values was calculated for each plot. The results suggest that the presence of L. polyphyllus decreases species richness and diversity and changes the species composition in species-rich road verges so that it becomes homogenized. Vegetation height was affected when L. polyphyllus was present, even when the species itself was not taken into the calculation. The results of this study indicate that it is important to come up with effective strategies to control and stop the spread of the invasive L. polyphyllus in species-rich road verges.Trafikverket arbetar kontinuerligt med biologisk mångfald. Projektet Artrika vägkanter började 1995. En artrik vägkant är ett vägkantsområde som hyser skyddsvärda arter. Det är vanligt att en artrik vägkant innehåller ängsarter. Vägkanter fungerar också som en ny livsmiljö för invasiva arter. Invasiva arter tenderar ofta att visa snabbare tillväxt och högre reproduktionspotential än icke-invasiva arter och anses homogenisera ekosystem då de konkurrerar ut många inhemska arter. Den invasiva blomsterlupinen (Lupinus polyphyllus) kan vara särskilt problematisk vid artrika vägkanter där den konkurrerar med den inhemska floran. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om förekomsten av L. polyphyllus i artrika vägkanter minskar växternas artrikedom och diversitet, om artsamman- sättningen förändras, om vegetationshöjden påverkas samt om abiotiska faktorer påverkas. Studien genomfördes vid 12 artrika vägkanter i Värmland och Örebro län i Sverige, där kärlväxter i en ruta på 1 m2 inventerades längs de artrika vägkanterna i par, med en lupinruta kontra en kontrollruta. Vid varje artrik vägkant inventerades så många par som vägkantens längd tillät. Vegetationshöjd, förnans tjocklek och pH-värde mättes också vid varje ruta och ekologiska indikator värden beräknades för varje ruta. Resultaten tyder på att blomsterlupinen minskar artrikedom och mångfald och att artsammansättningen i lupin rutor förändras jämfört med kontroll rutor och blir mer homogen. Vegetationshöjden påverkades av L. polyphyllus och var signifikant högre i lupinrutor jämfört med kontrollrutor även då arten L. polyphyllus inte räknades med i analysen. Resultaten av denna studie indikerar att det är viktigt att arbeta fram effektiva strategier för att kontrollera och stoppa spridningen av den invasiva L. polyphyllus i artrika vägkanter.
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Viola, Ricardo. "Efeito de espécies outonais cultivadas em sucessão ao milho na produtividade do trigo, sob diferentes doses de adubação nitrogenada". Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2011. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/267.
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Em função da elevada relação C/N da palhada da cultura do milho, esta mobiliza uma maior quantidade de nitrogênio para a sua decomposição. Este é um problema quando se cultiva em sucessão uma cultura também exigente em adubação nitrogenada, tal qual a cultura do trigo. Algumas espécies vegetais tais como o nabo forrageiro, a ervilhaca comum, o tremoço, o feijoeiro comum e a ervilha forrageira podem ser utilizadas como culturas intercalares no período outonal, entre a colheita do milho e a semeadura do trigo. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do cultivo do nabo forrageiro, da ervilhaca comum, do tremoço, da ervilha forrageira e do feijoeiro comum, utilizados como culturas intercalares entre a colheita do milho e a semeadura do trigo, comparados com o pousio, sobre o rendimento de grãos da cultura do trigo, cultivada com diferentes doses de adubação nitrogenada. O experimento foi conduzido em duas safras agrícolas (2009 e 2010) no município de Pato Branco-PR, instalado em sistema de semeadura direta, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, num esquema fatorial, com a seguinte combinação de fatores: a) espécies intercalares; b) doses de nitrogênio (0, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1), aplicadas sobre a cultura do trigo. No momento em que as espécies nabo forrageiro, ervilhaca, tremoço e ervilha forrageira estavam para serem manejadas, foi feita a determinação de matéria seca. As amostras utilizadas para a determinação de matéria seca foram moídas e submetidas à análise para determinações das concentrações de carbono orgânico, nitrogênio total, fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio. Após a determinação da matéria seca, foi avaliada a velocidade de decomposição da matéria seca e liberação de nutrientes da palhada do milho, nabo forrageiro, ervilha forrageira, tremoço, ervilhaca e feijão através da coleta de Litter bags. O rendimento de grãos de trigo em kg ha-1 foi obtido através da colheita das 8 linhas centrais das subparcelas, ajustado a 13% de umidade. Os cultivos da ervilha forrageira, do tremoço e do nabo forrageiro proporcionaram as maiores produções de matéria seca entre as espécies de cobertura. A relação C/N da palhada de milho e do feijoeiro comum não permitiu manter um equilíbrio adequado entre a mineralização e a imobilização do nitrogênio, diferentemente das demais espécies onde a mineralização foi superior a imobilização. Os maiores acúmulos de nitrogênio foram observados para a ervilha forrageira, tremoço e ervilhaca comum, enquanto o feijoeiro comum foi o tratamento que proporcionou os menores acúmulos de fósforo. O nabo forrageiro e o tremoço acumularam as maiores quantidades de potássio e cálcio e, juntamente com a ervilha forrageira, os maiores acúmulos de magnésio. O cultivo do trigo em sucessão a ervilha forrageira, nabo forrageiro e ervilhaca comum sem adubação nitrogenada proporcionou rendimentos equivalentes ao cultivo em sucessão a palhada de milho com no mínimo 40 kg ha-1 de N, em função do sincronismo da liberação de nitrogênio com as fases do trigo em que o nitrogênio é requerido em maiores quantidades. A ervilha forrageira e o nabo forrageiro, devido à elevada produção de matéria seca e liberação gradativa de nitrogênio, são alternativas promissoras para cultivo em sucessão ao milho e antecedendo a cultura do trigo.High corn C/N straw ratio mobilizes a large amount of nitrogen for its decomposition being this a problem to the wheat cultivated in sequence once this crop also demand a significative nitrogen availability. Some plant species such as radish, common vetch, lupine, common bean and pea may be used as an alternative of catch crops at autumn, between corn harvest and wheat sowing. In this way, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of cultivation of radish, common vetch, lupine, pea, and the common bean, used as catch crops between corn harvest and wheat sowing, compared with fallow over the grain yield of wheat, grown under different nitrogen fertilization levels. Experiment was carried out along 2009 and 2010 growing season at Pato Branco-PR on a no-tillage system management and laid out as randomized blocks with three replications with a factorial scheme: a) cover crops; b) nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1). Dry matter determination was done at the time that the species turnip, vetch, lupine and pea were able to be managed. Dry matter samples were ground and subjected to chemical analysis to determinate the concentrations of organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. After determining the dry matter was measured the decomposition rate of dry matter and nutrient release from corn straw, turnip, pea, lupine, vetch and beans through the Litter bags technique. Wheat grain yield in kg ha-1 was obtained by harvesting eight central rows of the subplots, adjusted to 13% of moisture. Forage pea, lupine and wild radish were the most productive crops among the cover crop species. Corn straw and common bean C/N ratio did not maintain a proper balance between nitrogen mineralization and immobilization, unlike other species where mineralization was higher than immobilization. The highest nitrogen accumulations were observed for forage pea, lupine and vetch, while the common bean was the treatment that showed the smallest accumulation of phosphorus. Radish and lupine accumulated the largest amounts of potassium and calcium and along with forage pea, the highest accumulation of magnesium. Wheat cultivation in succession to forage pea, turnip and common vetch without N fertilizer provided equivalent yields to the cultivation in succession to the corn straw with at least 40 kg of N ha-1, due to the synchronism between nitrogen releases from these species with the stage of wheat in which the nitrogen is required in greater quantities.
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Nottle, Mark Brenton. "Short-term nutrition and its effect on ovulation in the ewe". Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn921.pdf.
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Messele, Teklay. "Economic and environmental viability of substituting soybeans for lupins : the case of dairy farming in southwest Quebec". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0019/MQ37149.pdf.
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Mukisira, Ephraim Amiani. "The influence of alkaloids on voluntary intake and performance by ruminants fed diets containing lupin seed in Kenya". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41730.
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Lupin seed has the potential to be used as a protein supplement in ruminant rations, but its usage is restricted by the presence of alkaloids. Experiments were conducted with the aim of determining whether the removal of specific toxic alkaloids, lupanine and 13-hydroxylupanine, from crushed lupin seed (CLS) would improve the organic matter intake (OMI) and average daily gains (ADG) in lambs, and also improve the lactation performance in dairy cows. Effects on liver function in lambs were also investigated. An additional study on the effects of the detoxification of CLS on the degradation of protein was conducted. In Experiment 1, 30 growing Corriedale lambs were fed five diets for 105 d according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six blocks. Two diets contained intact CLS at 15% (LUI-15) or 30% (LUI-30) of DM; two other diets contained detoxified CLS at 15% (LUD-15) or 30% (LUD-30) and the control (CON) diet was supplemented with crushed sunflower seed, which was locally prepared, on-farm. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (16% CP). The alkaloid content (lupanine and 13-OH lupanine) of the diets was.31,.70,.21 and.52% for LUI-15, LUI-30, LUD-15 and LUD-30, respectively. Thus, diets containing detoxified CLS contained approximately 30% less alkaloids than those with intact CLS. Estimates of ADG of lambs fed diets containing detoxified CLS was higher (P $<$.01) (120 g.d$ sp{-1}$) than that of lambs fed intact CLS (76 g.d$ sp{-1}$). The OMI (73 g/Wkg$ sp{0.75}$) was also higher, although not significantly, for lambs fed diets containing detoxified CLS. Feed conversion efficiency was increased (P $<$.05) by the detoxification of CLS. Lambs fed diets containing intact CLS consumed more OMI as time progressed, suggesting that adaptation to CLS might have occurred. Lambs fed diets containing intact CLS demonstrated increased trends in the activity in plasma of the enzymes glutamic oxaloacetic transferase (GOT) and $ gamma$-glutamyl transfer
20
Kaukoranta, Vilma. "Variation i blomsterlupinens (Lupinus polyphyllus) tillväxt och fenologi i dess invasiva utbredningsområde i Europa". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-76344.
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Den invasiva blomsterlupinens (Lupinus polyphyllus) spridning i Sverige är ett hot mot många inhemska växtarters överlevnad. Det är oklart hur den pågående globala uppvärmningen kan komma påverka artens invasionsframgångar. I det här kandidatarbetet har jag därför studerat hur blomsterlupinens tillväxt och fenologi varierar längs latitud i Europa i syfte med att avgöra om arten visar fitnesskillnader beroende på temperatur. Tjugo populationer från Trier (Tyskland) i söder till Umeå (Sverige) i norr följdes under en växtsäsong och data på blomsterlupinplantornas höjd samt blomställningarnas längd samlades in. Regressionsanalysen visade att det inte fanns något signifikant skillnad mellan latitud och ovanjordisk biomassa eller blomställningens längd. Däremot utvecklades den reproduktiva biomassan tidigare i växtsäsongen i de lägre breddgraderna i Europa jämfört med de högre. Studien ger en indikation om att ett varmare klimat kan ha en viss positiv påverkan på blomsterlupinens reproduktion och spridning. De lokala mikroklimatiska effekterna verkar dock ha en stor påverkan på dess relativa fitness, vilket betyder att vissa populationer kan gynnas mer än andra. Utbredningsområdet kan komma utökas mer norrut när stigande temperaturer och färre frostdagar gör nya områden tillgängliga för arten.The spread of the invasive garden lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus) in Sweden threatens the survival of many native plant species. It is unclear how ongoing global warming may affect the species' invasion success. In this Bachelors essay I have therefore studied how the growth and phenology of the garden lupin varies with latitude in Europe to determine if the species shows any fitness differences depending on the temperature. Twenty garden lupin populations from Trier (Germany) in the south to Umeå (Sweden) in the north were followed during a single growing season and data on the plant’s height and the length of the inflorescences were collected. Regression analysis showed that there was no relationship between latitude and aboveground biomass or length of inflorescence. Reproductive biomass, on the other hand, developed earlier in the growing season at lower latitudes than at higher ones. The study indicates that a warmer climate may have a positive effect on the reproduction and spread of the garden lupin. Local microclimatic effects appear to have a major impact on its relative fitness though, which means that some populations may benefit more than others. The species’ range may expand further north as rising temperatures and fewer frost days make new areas available for the species.
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Geering, Andrew D. W. "The epidemiology of cucumber mosaic virus in narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) in South Australia". Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg298.pdf.
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Kang, Sideth. "Effect of irrigation on growth and nitrogen accumulation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)". Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1126.
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A field experiment was conducted to examine the responses in growth, total dry matter (TDM), seed yield and nitrogen (N) accumulation of Kabuli chickpea cv. Principe and narrow-leafed lupin cv. Fest to different irrigation levels and N fertilizer on a Templeton silt loam soil at Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand in 2007/08. The irrigation and fertilizer treatments were double full irrigation, full irrigation, half irrigation and nil irrigation and a control, full irrigation plus 150 kg N ha⁻¹. There was a 51 % increase in the weighed mean absolute growth rate (WMAGR) by full irrigation over no irrigation. The maximum growth rates (MGR) followed a similar response. The growth rates were not significantly decreased by double irrigation. Further, N fertilizer did not significantly improve crop growth rates. With full irrigation MGRs were 27.6 and 34.1 g m⁻² day⁻¹ for Kabuli chickpea and narrow-leafed lupin, respectively. Seed yields of fully-irrigated crops were trebled over the nil irrigation treatment. With full irrigation, seed yield of chickpea was 326 and that of lupin was 581 g m⁻². Seed yield of the two legumes was reduced by 45 % with double irrigation compared with full irrigation. Nitrogen fertilizer did not increase seed yields in either legume. Increased seed yield with full irrigation was related to increased DM, and crop growth rates, seeds pod⁻¹ and seeds m⁻². Crop harvest index (CHI) was significantly (P < 0.05) increased by irrigation and was related to seed yield only in narrow-leafed lupin. With full irrigation, the crops intercepted more than 95 % of incoming incident radiation at leaf area indices (LAIs), 2.9 and 3 or greater in Kabuli chickpea and narrow-leafed lupin, respectively. In contrast, without irrigation the two legumes achieved a maximum fraction of radiation intercepted of less than 90 %. With full irrigation, total intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was increased by 28 % and 33 % over no irrigation for Kabuli chickpea and narrow-leafed lupin, respectively. Fully-irrigated Kabuli chickpea intercepted a total amount of PAR of 807 MJ m⁻² and fully-irrigated narrow-leafed lupin intercepted 1,042 MJ m⁻². Accumulated DM was strongly related to accumulated intercepted PAR (R² ≥ 0.96**). The final RUE was significantly (P < 0.001) increased by irrigation. With full irrigation the final RUE of Kabuli chickpea was 1.49 g DM MJ⁻¹ PAR and that of narrow-leafed lupin was 2.17 g DM MJ⁻¹ PAR. Total N accumulation of Kabuli chickpea was not significantly affected by irrigation level. Kabuli chickpea total N was increased by 90 % by N fertilizer compared to fully-irrigated Kabuli chickpea which produced 17.7 g N m⁻². In contrast, total N accumulated in narrow-leafed lupin was not increased by N fertilizer but was decreased by 75 % with no irrigation and by 25 % with double irrigation (water logging) compared to full irrigation with a total N of 45.9 g m⁻². Total N was highly significantly related to TDM (R² = 0.78** for Kabuli chickpea and R² = 0.99** for narrow-leafed lupin). Nitrogen accumulation efficiency (NAE) of narrow-leafed lupin was not affected by irrigation or by N fertilizer. However, the NAE of Kabuli chickpea ranged from 0.013 (full irrigation) to 0.020 (no irrigation) and 0.017 g N g⁻¹ DM (full irrigation with N fertilizer). The N harvest index (NHI) was not affected by irrigation, N fertilizer or legume species. The NHI of Kabuli chickpea was 0.50 and that of narrow-leafed lupin was 0.51. The NHI was significantly (r ≥ 0.95 **) related to CHI.
23
Sinha, Anupam. "Studies on the isolation and culture of Lupin (Lupinus albus) protoplasts". Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297700.
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Haugen, Leiv Tore. "Recherches sur les potentialités fourragères du lupin blanc (Lupinus albus L. )". Toulouse, INPT, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPT011A.
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L'etude porte sur l'evolution des compositions morphologique et chimique, la valeur nutritionnelle et la conservation par ensilage. Dans des conditions agro-climatiques peu favorables, des differences intervarietales apparaissent au niveau des composantes du rendement. La valeur alimentaire de l'ensilage est plus faible que celle de la plante sur pied, en particulier la valeur azotee qui est sensible a la qualite de conservation. L'emploi d'un conservateur acide est rendu difficile a cause de la faible teneur en matiere seche de la plante et d'un fort pouvoir tampon
25
Haugen, Liev Tore. "Recherches sur les potentialités fourragères du lupin blanc doux (Lupinus albus L.)". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614339d.
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Ratanasanobon, Kanokwan. "Investigation of alternative approaches to narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) genetic transformation". Thesis, Ratanasanobon, Kanokwan (2014) Investigation of alternative approaches to narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) genetic transformation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2014. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/22974/.
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Narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) is one of the top six crops that contribute value to the Australian economy. Gene transfer technology has been studied as a strategy to improve lupin varieties against diseases to improve yield, production and seed quality. However, the established method used for transformation of lupin is based on Agrobacterium and embryonic axes as explants is a method of low efficiency. The aim of this project was to investigate the alternative genetic transformation methods for genetic manipulation of narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) to improve the transformation efficiency. Two potential genetic transformation methods were investigated: particle bombardment (direct gene transfer), and in planta transformation (Agrobacterium-based transformation). In addition, lupin-Agrobacterium interactions were studied to provide information of the factors limiting transformation, and whether the involvement of an additional virG using construct carrying virGN54D (constitutive virG mutant carrying Asn-54 to Asp amino acid substitution) improved lupin transformation efficiency.
In this project, a genetic transformation protocol using particle bombardment for narrow-leafed lupin was accomplished. The following conditions were identified as being optimal for transformation via particle bombardment using a helium inflow particle gun with lupin embryonic axes as target explants:
a) Embryonic axes used as explants were pre-treated in MS media supplemented with 5 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L NAA, 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar for 3 days in the dark at 25oC.
b) Pre-treated explants were placed onto MS media with 0.3 M mannitol as osmoticum 4 h prior to bombardment.
c) Bombardment was carried out by:
• A precipitation protocol using plasmid DNA prepared at 2 ng DNA per μg tungsten particles.
•Bombardment was carried out twice at 400 psi with a 7 cm target distance with 10 μL coated particles.
d) Bombarded explants were kept on osmoticum media (MS media with 0.3 M mannitol) for 4 h then transferred to pre-/post-treatment media for post-treatment for another 3 days and kept in the dark at 25oC.
e) After post-treatment, explants were transferred to selection media (MS medium with 1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA, 3% sucrose, 0.7% agar and 10 mg/L PPT) for 8 weeks with subculture every two weeks. Surviving shoots were transferred to rooting media and analysed for presence of the transgene by PCR.
A transformation efficiency of 0.4% for T0 production was achieved as confirmed by amplification of a gus gene by PCR. However those transformed explants did not form roots.
In planta transformation of seedlings and flowers of narrow-leafed lupin was investigated. For seedling transformation, factors essential for delivering A. tumefaciens to the target tissues (L2 layer of apical meristem of seedings) and to enhance the ability of A. tumefaciens cells to transform plant cells were studied and optimised. Sonication and vacuum infiltration facilitated penetration of A. tumefaciens cells to the target tissue, sonicating seedlings 15 min before 10 min infiltration with A. tumefaciens cells gave the best overall balance of both gene transfer determined by GUS staining and seedling survival rate. The Agrobacterium induction condition and infiltration medium was developed after testing and optimising of media and Agrobacterium growth. Modified LB medium with glucose 30 g/L was the best medium that gave the highest percentage of shoots showing GUS expression, at 35±5% which was significantly higher than the control infiltration media used for Medicago and A. thaliana in planta transformation at the 0.05 level Tukey HSD. The combined optimised conditions were further tested. Some shoots, picked at random, were positive for GUS expression, including the whole apical area and parts of leaves of new shoots, indicating gene transfer and stable transformation although chimeric. However, transformants were not obtained. Further investigations suggested that there may not have been enough viable A. tumefaciens on seedling shoots for successful transformation. Survival of A. tumefaciens cells on the plant tissues was about 103 times less than routinely used for transformation of lupins in the established in vitro lupin transformation method.
In in planta transformation of lupin flowers, experiments were designed to deliver Agrobacterium cells to lupin ovules as target tissues. Factors reported to contribute to success in this type of transformation, such as using surfactant, infiltration period and times under vacuum and composition of infiltration medium were tested and optimised for lupins. Thirty plants with floral inflorescences having flowers ranging from the dome to open stages were infiltrated twice for 3 min each with MS liquid medium containing 10 mM glucose, 0.01% Silwet L-77 and A. tumefaciens cells in early exponential stage at concentration of OD 1.87. Pod set was 10.82 %. No transformant was obtained. The same infiltration media and conditions were used with Arabidopsis thaliana cv Columbia as control plants and transformants obtained at 0.255%. Histology studies of lupin flower structure by SEM and wax-embedded sectioning revealed that there did not appear to be a physical channel for A. tumefaciens cells to gain access to the ovule via the stigma or style before anthesis. Furthermore, Agrobacterium cells could not gain access to the ovule through the immature carpel of young flowers as the developing carpel closed while the ovule developed inside.
Interactions between Agrobacterium and lupin were studied to determine which stages limit transfer of genes from Agrobacterium to lupins, and which might be modified to achieve and/or improve transformation efficiency by A. tumefaciens in a genotype-independent fashion. The stages studied were: the attachment of Agrobacterium to the lupin explants, T-DNA transport across the cell wall and through the cell membrane. In addition, the effect of an extra virG was examined to find out if it would increase T-DNA transport. The interaction studies were done by comparing reactions to gene transfer in lupin cultivars Merrit and Quillinock which have significant difference in transformation efficiency (6.5% for cv Merrit and ~1% for cv Quillinock). The results of the attachment of Agrobacterium cells experiment showed no significance statistically in the number of bacterial cells attached to the explants (half embryonic axes) of six cultivars of narrow-leafed lupin (cvs Merrit, Quilinock, Belara, Illyarrie, Yorrel and Danja), indicative that the attachment stage was not the factor limiting gene transfer. T-DNA transport through the cell wall and cell membrane was evaluated through gus expression in experiment using cell suspensions (cells with cell walls) and protoplast (cells without cell walls) with T-DNA transfer determined by the relative intensities of the RT-PCR amplicons. The results showed, unexpectedly, that cv Merrit had less T-DNA transferred by A. tumefaciens than cv Quillinock in cell suspensions but not in protoplasts. The results were supported with MUG assays of transient expression of the gus reporter gene in cell suspensions of both cultivars. This indicated that the differences in cell wall composition between these two cultivars played an important role in gene transfer, but the factors limiting transformation success in Quillinock were downstream from T-DNA transfer to the cytoplasm of the host cell, possibly involving in T-DNA integration and/or expression, or selection and recovery of whole plants. The effect of an extra virG was examined with lupin, virGN54D increased transient expression of gus only in cv Quillinock cells, not in cv Merrit cells. Constructs carrying virGN54D may, therefore, be of some use as a component of a transformation protocol for cv Quillinock, and possibly other recalcitrant lupin cultivars.
This work has confirmed the relative difficulty of transforming narrow-leafed lupins, and it is concluded that despite investigating a series of alternative approaches, the method based on ‘stab inoculation’ of apical meristems, followed by selection of chimeric tissues to generate transgenic inflorescences, appears to be the most reliable approach. However, it is strongly genotype dependant, and improvements in efficiency and reduced genotype dependence are still desirable.
27
Katroschan, Kai-Uwe [Verfasser]. "Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) as nitrogen source in organic vegetable production systems / Kai-Uwe Katroschan". Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2011. http://d-nb.info/1013289676/34.
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Miao, Zhihong. "The influence of domestication and environment on the value of Lupins (Lupinus spp.) as a feed for ruminants". Title page, contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AFP/09afpm618.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 141-162. Lupin seed (L. angustifolius) is widely used in Australia as supplementary feed for ruminants. However, it does not perform as well on fine-textured and/or alkaline soils, unlike wild lupins. Field trials investigated the effect of domestication of L. angustifolius on seed structure and chemical composition for use as a benchmark for the breeding and selection of wild types L. atlanticus and L. pilasus. The effects of environemental factors on yield and chemical composition were also investigated. Investigation into the feed value of wild lupins indicated their potential as feed supplement for ruminants either by direct grazing or seed supplement.
29
Papineau, Jacques. "La Résistance au froid des lupins blancs (Lupinus albus L.) variabilité génétique, sélection, création de matériel végétal doux /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608699v.
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30
Suso, Henri-Pierre. "Development of a system for the genetic transformation of white lupin (Lupinus albus)". Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271196.
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Peel, David Nathaniel Yeadon. "The determinacy gene and environmental adaptation in the white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627373.
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Nuruzzaman, Mohammad. "Phosphorus benefits of white lupin, field pea and faba bean to wheat production in Western Australian soils". University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0094.
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[Truncated abstract] Soils of Western Australian cropping regions are very low in phosphorous. White lupin, chickpea, and faba bean are being increasingly used in rotations with wheat on these soils. Yield of wheat after a legume crop is frequently higher than its yield after wheat. It has been reported that in addition to nitrogen, legumes can also contribute to improve the availability of phosphorous for the subsequent crops. This PhD research project aimed at optimising the economic returns of wheat-legume rotations through more efficient use of P fertiliser in the legume phase as well as enhanced availability of soil P in the subsequent wheat phase
33
Delivry, Danielle. "Contribution à l'étude de la nutrition minérale du lupin blanc (Lupinus albus, variété Alban)". Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT029A.
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L'effet de quelques proprietes chimiques des sols sur la croissance, le rendement et la nutrition minerale du lupin blanc (lupinus albus) variete alban a ete etudie. Les cultures ont ete realisees en pots sur quatre sols (ph=5,0; ph=5,9; ph=7,0; ph=7,5) de la region toulousaine. Les resultats obtenus montrent que le sol argilo calcaire (ph=7,5) et le sol tres acide (ph=5,0) reduisent de 47% la croissance et le rendement du lupin blanc. La reduction observee en sol argilo calcaire serait liee a une diminution de l'absorption du phosphore (en moyenne 5 mg/g de matiere seche de racines contre 17 mg/g de matiere seche de racines pour le meilleur sol (ph=5,9)) non a une diminution de l'absorption du fer. En sol tres acide (ph=5,0), la reduction s'explique par une accumulation importante du manganese dans les feuilles (20 000 ppm) et les graines (3000 ppm). La correction du ph du sol en le revelant a 6,5 par apport de magnesie, ameliore la croissance et reduit de 52% les teneurs en manganese. Les travaux ont ete completes par l'etude de l'effet de l'aeration du milieu et de la nutrition en manganese sur la croissance et sur la nutrition minerale du lupin en culture sur solution nutritive. Les resultats obtenus confirment la sensibilite du lupin a l'asphyxie racinaire: la respiration des racines est reduite a partir de 4 ppm d'oxygene. Concernant la nutrition en manganese, la comparaison du ble et du lupin montre la resistance du lupin a des concentrations de manganese toxiques pour le ble (75 mg/l). L'ensemble des resultats presentes montre l'adaptation du lupin aux sols legerement acides presentant de bonnes potentialites agronomiques
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Lamghari, El Kossori Lalla Radia. "Effets des concentrés protéiques de Lupin blanc doux (Lupinus albus) sur la prise alimentaire". Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10345.
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Le lupin blanc doux (Lupinus albus var. Arès) riche en protéines (≥38%)et lipides (9%) est une source énergétique potentielle. Concentrées, de l'ordre de 76 à 84%, par l'acide alginique et le chlorure de calcium puis séchées, les protéines issues des graines entières deviennent inappétentes. Leur coefficient d'efficacité protéique est très faible. La diminution de la prise alimentaire résulte de deux facteurs : le type de séchage utilisé et l'existence d'un facteur inappétent contenu dans les téguments de la graine entière. Le séchage thermique plus que la lyophilisation contribue à la diminution de la qualité de ces concentrés. Son effet semble être complexe et s'effectuerait par une diminution de la digestibilité protéique, ou une modification des qualités sensorielles et de la palatabilité. Il existe un ou plusieurs facteurs inappétents dans le tégument. Ce facteur est concentré avec les protéines au cours du procédé de concentration de celles-ci par l'alginate. Il est hydrosoluble et son action est plus au moins grande selon le type de chauffage utilisé pour le séchage des protéines. En outre, dans certaines circonstances, l'effet sur le poids semble amplifié par rapport à celui sur la prise alimentaire. Une étude de discrimination des effets de palatabilité et des effets métaboliques, a montré que l'effet sur la prise alimentaire de concentrés chauffés de lupin, après stockage de 15 jours à température ambiante, est un effet métabolique qui relayerait l'effet de palatabilité. Le remplacement des études in vivo sur la valeur nutritionnelle et la prise alimentaire par des études in vitro de digestibilité a été testé. Les comparaisons entre les études effectuées in vitro et celles réalisées in vivo montrent que: - l'étude de la digestibilité et plus particulièrement l'étude de l'azote protéique libéré au cours de la digestion in vitro est un moyen approprié pour apprécier la qualité nutritionnelle des protéines, - les taux des acides aminés libérés au cours de cette digestion in vitro sont significativement corrélés à la prise alimentaire et à l'efficacité protéique chez le rat, - les digestibilités in vitro des produits rendus inappétents par le chauffage ou par les téguments sont modifiées différemment. L'effet chauffage a lieu par l'intermédiaire de la digestibilité protéique et non "l'effet tégument" qui est un effet propre.
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Blomqvist, Elin. "Evaluation of two potential management strategies for garden lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus) in road verges". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-82565.
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Invasiva växtarter är ett globalt problem som hotar inhemska ekosystem. Blomsterlupinen (Lupinus polyphyllis) är en invasiv flerårig växt som erhåller flera egenskaper som bidrar till dess framgångsrika etablering och spridning. Vägkanter agerar som landskapskorridorer för exotiska arter samtidigt som det är en viktig habitatrefug för många ängsväxter. För att effektivisera bevarandeåtgärder behövs en gedigen kunskap om målarten och dess egenskaper. Syftet med den här studien var att utvärdera två potentiella hanteringsmetoder av blomsterlupin i vägkanter. Slåtter är en redan etablerad strategi, men för att ta reda på om olika skördintensiteter påverkar återväxten av biomassa på olika sätt jämfördes en kontrollgrupp (ej skörd) och tre skördgrupper (1–3 skördar) med avseende på bladbiomassa, stambiomassa, blomställningsbiomassa och plantans totala biomassa. En annan potentiell hanteringsmetod utvärderades med fokus på fröbanken. Frön från blomsterlupin värmebehandlades i 40°C, 50°C och 70°C, och jämfördes mot frön utsatta för kontrolltemperatur (20°C). Varaktigheten för värmebehandlingar var 1, 5 och 15 minuter. Några frön utsattes för vattenbehandling innan värmebehandlingen för att bryta den fysiska vilan. Blomsterlupinfrön jämfördes mot tre andra arter i familjen ärtväxter (Fabaceae); blodklöver (Trifolium incarnatum), blålusern (Medicago sativa) och (Louts corniculatus). Det fanns en signifikant effekt beroende av skördintensitet på återväxt av stambiomassa, blomställningsbiomassa och plantans totala biomassa. Gällande bladbiomassa fanns ingen skillnad mellan grupperna. Faktumet att blomsterlupinen primärt investerar mer resurser på produktion av bladbiomassa kan anses positivt ur ett åtgärdsperspektiv. Återväxten av biomassa var emellertid beroende av plantans ursprungliga storlek, således skulle effekten av slåtter kunna skilja sig mellan individer i en population. Vattenbehandlingen bröt inte den fysiska vilan hos blomsterlupinfrön. Men en ökad temperatur under värmebehandlingen verkade ha en hämmande effekt för antalet grodda frön och MGT. Trots det återfanns ett relativt stort antal levande blomsterlupinfrön efter den sista observationsdagen. Det kan indikera att många frön skulle överleva en värmebehandling av fröbanken om behandlingen skulle implementeras som åtgärdsmetod. Metoden skulle förmodligen vara tidskrävande och dyr i förhållande till den önskade reducerande effekten på levande blomsterlupinfrön. För att utveckla resurseffektiva åtgärder för artens fröbank krävs mer kunskap. Slåtter verkar vara en bättre åtgärdsmetod om det genomförs vid rätt tidpunkt två gånger om året.Invasive plant species are a global problem that threaten native ecosystems. The garden lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus) is an invasive perennial herb and possesses several traits, which enables successful establishment and dispersal. Road verges serve as landscape corridors for exotic species, as well as being an important refuge habitat for many grassland species. To make conservation managements more efficient, an extensive knowledge of the target species and it’s traits is required. The aim of this study was to evaluate two potential management strategies for garden lupin in road verges. Mowing is an established strategy already, but to find out if different cutting intensities will affect biomass regrowth differently, one control group (no cut) and three harvest groups (1-3 cuts) were compared regarding leaf biomass, stem biomass, inflorescence biomass and total plant biomass. Another potential management strategy was evaluated focusing on the seed bank. Seeds of garden lupin were heat treated at 40 °C, 50 °C, and 70 °C and compared to control seeds (20 °C). Duration of treatments was 1, 5, and 15 minutes. Some seeds were watered before the heat treatment to break physical dormancy. Seeds of garden lupin were compared to three other species in the Fabaceae family: Trifolium incarnatum, Medicago sativa, and Lotus corniculatus. I found a significant effect of cutting frequency on regrowth of stem biomass, inflorescence biomass, and total plant biomass. Regarding leaf biomass, there was no difference between harvest groups. The fact that garden lupin plants primarily invest more resources in leaf biomass regrowth can be regarded as positive from a management point of view. However, biomass regrowth was depended on initial plant size, and the mowing response might differ between individual plants in populations. The water treatment did not break the physical dormancy of garden lupin seeds. Increased temperatures during heat treatments seemed to have an inhibiting effect on both seed germination and mean germination time. However, a high number of vital garden lupin seeds were remaining after the last observation. This might indicate that many seeds would remain vital if seed bank heat treatments were implemented as a management strategy. The strategy would probably be time consuming and expensive in relation to the desired reducing effect on vital garden lupin seeds. To develop resource efficient management actions on the species’ seed bank, more knowledge is needed. Mowing seems like a better management option if it is implemented at the right time twice a year.
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Smith, Natasha. "The effect of the dietary inclusion of canola oilcake, full-fat canola and sweet lupins on the production performance and fat composition of broilers and pigs". Thesis, Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1215.
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Gosling, Paul. "The role of tree lupin (Lupinus arboreus, sims) in primary succession, with particular reference to phosphorus". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320630.
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Pissaloux, Agnès. "Contribution à l'étude de la chlorose calcaire chez le lupin blanc (Lupinus Albus L. Cv Alban)". Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT030A.
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La croissance des parties aeriennes et des racines, la nodulation et la nutrition minerale du lupin blanc (lupinus albus l. Cv alban) ont ete etudiees en pot contenant du sol ou de la solution nutritive. La chlorose ferrique est observee en 4 a 8 jours de culture sur solution nutritive a ph 7. 5 et elle a conduit a une reduction de croissance des parties aeriennes (25%) et des racines (27%). 3mm de hco#3# en solution nutritive ont suffi pour induire la chlorose ferrique au bout de 24 h. Apres l'apport. La diminution significative (20 a 30%) des teneurs en fer total des jeunes feuilles s'expliquerait par une diminution de l'absorption du fer par les racines. La possible implication du phenomene d'inactivation du fer dans les parties aeriennes est etudiee par l'analyse du fe#2#+ extractible a l'hcl 1n. En solution nutritive, les teneurs en fe#2#+ des jeunes feuilles diminuent plus fortement que les teneurs en fer total. Pour les plantes sur sols legerement calcaires (ph>7. 5, 3-13% de calcaire actif), les resultats montrent que la reduction de l'absorption en fer est bien etablie mais que l'inactivation du fer dans les parties aeriennes reste discutable. Sur le plan agronomique, le lupin cultive sur les sols legerement calcaires, subit differentes perturbations de la nutrition. La nodulation est nettement perturbee: le nombre de nodules par plante et diminue (7 nodules contre 34 nodules): par contre, le poids moyen des nodules est augmente de 11 mg de matiere seche par nodule contre 3 mg en l'absence de carbonate de calcium. Les teneurs en n et p des parties aeriennes sont significativement diminuees de 55 a 63% en sols calcaires et l'absorption du calcium est augmentee. Ces phenomenes se superposent a la diminution de l'absorption du fer qui n'est pas forcement le facteur le plus affecte de la nutrition du lupin blanc en sols calcaires
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Kania, Angelika. "Regulation of phosphate deficiency-induced carboxylate exudation in cluster roots of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB12046169.
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ESNAULT, BLANCHARD MARIE-ANDREE. "Les protéines de réserve des graines de lupin jaune (lupinus luteus l. Légumineuses) : purification, composition et biosynthèse". Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN10028.
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Les globulines du lupin jaune sont constituees de quatre types de proteines. Les plus representees quantitativement, les conglutines alpha et beta, appartiennent aux classes des legumines et vicilines. La conglutine alpha est formee de polypeptides acides associes par des liaisons disulfures a des polypeptides basiques. Deux sortes d'associations sont mises en evidence. Elles permettent de proposer un schema de maturation du pro-polypeptide precurseur. A l'oppose des autres legumineuses, les legumines du lupin jaune sont synthetisees avant les vicilines. Ces dernieres ne sont matures que tres tardivement, avant la dessiccation de la graine. Les deux autres proteines de reserve des lupins sont les conglutines delta et gamma. La premiere est complexe dans le lupin jaune. Toutefois, la purification de la proteine dans d'autres especes de lupins met en evidence un modele commun. La conglutine gamma, simple sur le plan de sa structure a un role encore inconnu dans la graine. Ses differentes caracteristiques sont discutees dans ce sens, et notamment, sa biosynthese precoce et son elution dans l'eau d'imbibition des graines
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Handel, Kevin. "Testing Local Adaptation Of The Federally Endangered Karner Blue Butterfly (Lycaeides Melissa Samuelis) To Its Single Host Plant The Wild Lupine (Lupinus Perennis)". Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1429214530.
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Chango, Abalo. "Effet des traitements physicochimique et biologique sur la valeur nutritionnelle des protéines de différentes espèces de lupin". Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10042.
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La teneur en protéines des différentes graines de lupin étudiées variaient de 42,2 a 52,2%, les taux d'alcaloïdes variaient de 0,04% (variété douce) a 0,8% (variété amère). Trois procédés susceptibles de produire la desamerisation recherchée ont été étudies. Le procédé de coagulation des protéines par de l'alginate permettait de desameriser le lupin avec un meilleur rendement. La prise alimentaire et l'efficacité nutritionnelle des protéines de lupin sont faibles. Les résultats obtenus suggèrent que les modifications de la valeur nutritionnelle dépendent également de la disponibilité de la lysine. Sur le plan métabolique, le lupin blanc doux présentait des effets sur les paramètres lipidiques le rapprochant du soja alors que le jaune doux était au contraire plus proche de la caséine. Le rapport lysine-arginine ne paraissait pas être un paramètre prédictif de la cholestérolémie
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Zhu, Yiyong. "Adaptation of plasma membrane H+ ATPase of proteoid roots of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) under phosphorus deficiency". [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97252732X.
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Stephany, Michael [Verfasser]. "Influence of endogenous enzyme activities on odour-active compound formation in sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) / Michael Stephany". Aachen : Shaker, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1104047055/34.
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Rogers, Tom. "Intra specific variation and inheritance of tolerance to alkaline induced iron chlorosis in white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)". Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269608.
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Baharudin, Sherifah. "The Effects of Heat Treatment and Processing Techniques on the Quality of Australian Sweet Lupin (Lupinus Angustifolius) Flour". Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/59105.
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Lupin has health benefits but low consumer acceptability due the beany flavour caused by Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme. To improve this acceptability the beany flavour needs to be removed. Three types of heat treatment were used to reduce the LOX in lupin. Oven heating at 5 minutes and 80˚C was optimum. Up to 40% lupin was incorporated into chapatti without affecting overall acceptability. The results demonstrate that LOX activity can be reduced by heat treatment.
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Botaro, Juliana Aparecida [UNESP]. "Otimização para a obtençao de extrato aquoso de tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) adicionado de suco de pitanga". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88597.
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Recentemente, a indústria de alimentos está preocupada em desenvolver novos produtos, usando ingredientes inovadores, que promovam benefícios à saúde. O uso de proteínas de leguminosas como uma alternativa para a proteína animal tem sido estudada. O tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) apresenta elevada concentração de proteína e óleo, principalmente ácidos graxos insaturados e poliinsaturados, fibra alimentar, açúcares e vitaminas B1 e B2. Por outro lado, o tremoço não pode ser consumido diretamente porque possui alcaloides, que além de serem tóxicos, atribuem gosto amargo ao grão. Como a maioria dos alcaloides é solúvel em água, a quantidade de alcaloide do grão pode ser diminuída através de água corrente, fervente ou salmoura. Sucos de frutas são bastante consumidos no Brasil, especialmente no verão, não somente pelo sabor, mas como fonte de hidratação e por serem ricos em nutrientes. Os sucos de frutas tropicais conquistam cada vez mais o mercado consumidor, sendo o Brasil, um dos principais produtores. A pitanga, fruto da pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L.) é uma planta frutífera nativa do Brasil (das regiões Sul e Sudeste e que tem se adaptado favoravelmente às condições climáticas e edáficas da região Nordeste), da Argentina e do Uruguai. A pitanga é uma fruta cuja polpa apresenta excelentes condições para industrialização, devido ao seu alto rendimento, aroma agradável e sabor exótico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de verificar, através da metodologia de superfície de resposta, as melhores condições para a utilização simultânea de extrato aquoso de tremoço branco e de suco tropical de pitanga, no desenvolvimento de uma bebida. Para tanto, as variáveis independentes foram representadas pelo volume de extrato aquoso de tremoço (mL) e pelo volume de suco de pitanga...
Recently, the food industry is concerned about developing new products, using innovative ingredients that promote health benefits. The use of vegetable protein as an alternative to animal protein is being studied. The white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) has high concentrations of protein and oil, especially non saturated fatty acids and polynonsaturated fats, dietary fiber, sugars and vitamins B1 and B2. On the other hand, the lupine bean can’t be consumed straight because it has alkaloids which besides being toxic, add a bitter taste to the bean. As most alkaloids are water soluble, the amount of alkaloid in the beans can be reduced by running water, boiling or brine. Fruit juices are widely consumed in Brazil, especially in the summer, not only for their flavor, but as a source of hydration and because they are rich in nutrients. The tropical fruit juices are conquering the market more and more, with Brazil being one of the main producers in the world. The Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) is the fruit of the Pitangueira, a native plant of southern Brazil (which has adapted positively to weather and soil conditions in the country’s Northeast), Argentina and Uruguay. Pitanga is a fruit which pulp presents excellent conditions for industrialization, due to its high yield, pleasant aroma and exotic flavor. The aim of the present study was to verify, through the response surface methodology, the optimum conditions for the combined use of aqueous extract of white lupine and tropical pitanga juice in the development of a drink. Therefore, the independent variables were represented by the volume of aqueous extract of lupine (mL) and by the volume of pitanga juice (mL). The dependent variables (responses) were obtained through sensory test of acceptance (appearance, aroma, taste and overall acceptability). The combined... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Botaro, Juliana Aparecida. "Otimização para a obtençao de extrato aquoso de tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) adicionado de suco de pitanga /". Araraquara : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88597.
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Orientador: José Paschoal BatistutiBanca: Rubens Monti
Banca: Alice Yoshiko Tanaka
Resumo: Recentemente, a indústria de alimentos está preocupada em desenvolver novos produtos, usando ingredientes inovadores, que promovam benefícios à saúde. O uso de proteínas de leguminosas como uma alternativa para a proteína animal tem sido estudada. O tremoço branco (Lupinus albus L.) apresenta elevada concentração de proteína e óleo, principalmente ácidos graxos insaturados e poliinsaturados, fibra alimentar, açúcares e vitaminas B1 e B2. Por outro lado, o tremoço não pode ser consumido diretamente porque possui alcaloides, que além de serem tóxicos, atribuem gosto amargo ao grão. Como a maioria dos alcaloides é solúvel em água, a quantidade de alcaloide do grão pode ser diminuída através de água corrente, fervente ou salmoura. Sucos de frutas são bastante consumidos no Brasil, especialmente no verão, não somente pelo sabor, mas como fonte de hidratação e por serem ricos em nutrientes. Os sucos de frutas tropicais conquistam cada vez mais o mercado consumidor, sendo o Brasil, um dos principais produtores. A pitanga, fruto da pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L.) é uma planta frutífera nativa do Brasil (das regiões Sul e Sudeste e que tem se adaptado favoravelmente às condições climáticas e edáficas da região Nordeste), da Argentina e do Uruguai. A pitanga é uma fruta cuja polpa apresenta excelentes condições para industrialização, devido ao seu alto rendimento, aroma agradável e sabor exótico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de verificar, através da metodologia de superfície de resposta, as melhores condições para a utilização simultânea de extrato aquoso de tremoço branco e de suco tropical de pitanga, no desenvolvimento de uma bebida. Para tanto, as variáveis independentes foram representadas pelo volume de extrato aquoso de tremoço (mL) e pelo volume de suco de pitanga... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Recently, the food industry is concerned about developing new products, using innovative ingredients that promote health benefits. The use of vegetable protein as an alternative to animal protein is being studied. The white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) has high concentrations of protein and oil, especially non saturated fatty acids and polynonsaturated fats, dietary fiber, sugars and vitamins B1 and B2. On the other hand, the lupine bean can't be consumed straight because it has alkaloids which besides being toxic, add a bitter taste to the bean. As most alkaloids are water soluble, the amount of alkaloid in the beans can be reduced by running water, boiling or brine. Fruit juices are widely consumed in Brazil, especially in the summer, not only for their flavor, but as a source of hydration and because they are rich in nutrients. The tropical fruit juices are conquering the market more and more, with Brazil being one of the main producers in the world. The Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) is the fruit of the Pitangueira, a native plant of southern Brazil (which has adapted positively to weather and soil conditions in the country's Northeast), Argentina and Uruguay. Pitanga is a fruit which pulp presents excellent conditions for industrialization, due to its high yield, pleasant aroma and exotic flavor. The aim of the present study was to verify, through the response surface methodology, the optimum conditions for the combined use of aqueous extract of white lupine and tropical pitanga juice in the development of a drink. Therefore, the independent variables were represented by the volume of aqueous extract of lupine (mL) and by the volume of pitanga juice (mL). The dependent variables (responses) were obtained through sensory test of acceptance ("appearance", "aroma", "taste" and "overall acceptability"). The combined... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Tahmasian, Arineh. "Lupin: Prospective superfood or potential allergen?" Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2023. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2655.
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The demand for plant-based protein sources is on the rise. Lupins, important members of the legume family, are one of the richest natural sources of protein and fibre and can positively contribute to global food and nutritional security. Despite their strong potential, lupins remain under-utilised as a human food and are predominantly grown as green manure and livestock feed. One constraint to the widespread adoption of lupins in the food industry is allergenicity, which has led to its inclusion in the list of food allergens subjected to mandatory labelling in many countries.
The research presented herein focused on the study of proteins in lupin seeds, aiming to incentivise exploitation of this under-utilised legume by enhancing the available proteome-level knowledge and addressing the allergenicity challenges attributed to this legume. Firstly, the efficiency of four solvents (IPA-DTT, Tris-HCl, Urea and IPA→Urea) in extracting proteins from three narrow-leafed lupin genotypes (Tanjil, Unicrop and P27255) were evaluated through global discovery and quantitative proteomic approaches. The integration of complementary solvent systems enabled identification of 2,760 proteins from these genotypes. In addition, the proteome-wide relative quantitative analysis highlighted differences in the protein profiles of the wild and domesticated lupin genotypes and demonstrated the substantial influence of the protein extraction method on the proteome coverage and downstream biological interpretation of the data.
The diversity of the major lupin seed storage proteins, known as conglutins, were assessed across a panel of 46 genetically diverse narrow-leafed lupin genotypes. The differentiation and relative quantitation of the 16 conglutin sub-families, belonging to the four major α-, β-, γ-, and δ- families, was achieved by monitoring a set of maker peptides specific to each protein sub-family. Whilst this comparative evaluation determined distinct differences in the conglutin profiles of the lines under investigation, the major variability was observed for the β-, and δ-conglutin sub-families, wherein, the allergenic β-conglutin proteins were found at considerably lower levels in a subset of Australian and Polish domesticated varieties. These narrow-leafed lupin cultivars can serve as potential hypoallergenic varieties and be implemented in breeding programs for further enhancing the lupin grain as a human food ingredient.
Finally, a combination of discovery and targeted quantitative proteomic approaches were applied to examine the changes driven by solid-state fermentation (induced by the starter culture Rhizopus oligosporus) in the white lupin allergenic protein profiles. The comparative proteomics study of the allergen derived peptides across the pre-fermented and fermented samples revealed a significant decrease in the levels of ~94% of the monitored peptides as result of fermentation. This effect was more prominent across the β-conglutin peptides, for which a decrease > 50% was observed for ~70% of the monitored peptides. These observations suggest good efficiency of solid-state fermentation for the degradation of the allergenic proteins and development of innovative lupin-based food products with reduced allergenicity.
The findings of these proteomic studies contribute to advancing the proteome-level knowledge available for lupin seeds, thereby providing opportunities to now enhance lupin seed protein composition and stimulate the broader application of this grain legume as a food ingredient.
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Brobäck, David. "Preventing the spread of the invasive plant Lupinus polyphyllus". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-272024.
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Invasive species are an increasing problem worldwide, threatening indigenous communities and species. Many human-made environments promote introductions of alien species and one such habitat is road verges. The invasive plant Lupinus polyphyllus is benefiting from these habitats and is today widespread along road verges in many parts of Sweden. However, it has been shown to be a problematic species, as it supresses native plants. Many of these plants originate from semi-natural grasslands, but have found a refuge in road verges. The Swedish Transport Administration has tried to control L. polyphyllus, but it is unclear to what extent it is possible. To manage an invasive species, it is often preferable to prevent further extension by limiting its dispersal, which can be done by reducing seed production. To find out how to prevent L. polyphyllus from spreading, I investigated how resprouting capacity and seed production was affected by cutting of L. polyphyllus at different times throughout the season, and at different heights. Plants in all plots resprouted after being cut, but resprouted leaf stalks grew taller in the plants cut early at the flowering stage, compared to the later cutting treatments. These were also the only ones producing new flowers and fruits, perhaps due to stored resources in roots or the fact that they were cut before the summer solstice. Plants cut higher above the ground produced more flowers and fruits and produced taller leaf stalks and might have used photosynthesizing aboveground parts to acquire resources for regeneration. Fruits were produced but not ripe before the mid-summer cutting. These seeds were still able to germinate after maturing on cut plants. However, they were more mould-infected than seeds maturing on non-cut plants. Seeds from cut plants were also lighter. Thus, seeds produced by the mid-summer cutting might disperse and germinate but may perhaps suffer from lower survival due to more frequent mould infections. The late-cut plants had already produced mature seeds, and thus, were probably able to disperse. Also, the later cutting treatments produced more seeds over the entire season. This indicates that to hinder dispersal by limiting seed production, it is best to cut Lupinus polyphyllus as early as possible, in the flowering stage, when seeds are not produced and to cut them entirely to the ground.