Artykuły w czasopismach: „Lupines – Genetics”

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Bielski, Wojciech, Michał Książkiewicz, Denisa Šimoníková, Eva Hřibová, Karolina Susek i Barbara Naganowska. "The Puzzling Fate of a Lupin Chromosome Revealed by Reciprocal Oligo-FISH and BAC-FISH Mapping". Genes 11, nr 12 (10.12.2020): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11121489.

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Old World lupins constitute an interesting model for evolutionary research due to diversity in genome size and chromosome number, indicating evolutionary genome reorganization. It has been hypothesized that the polyploidization event which occurred in the common ancestor of the Fabaceae family was followed by a lineage-specific whole genome triplication (WGT) in the lupin clade, driving chromosome rearrangements. In this study, chromosome-specific markers were used as probes for heterologous fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to identify and characterize structural chromosome changes among the smooth-seeded (Lupinus angustifolius L., Lupinus cryptanthus Shuttlew., Lupinus micranthus Guss.) and rough-seeded (Lupinus cosentinii Guss. and Lupinus pilosus Murr.) lupin species. Comparative cytogenetic mapping was done using FISH with oligonucleotide probes and previously published chromosome-specific bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. Oligonucleotide probes were designed to cover both arms of chromosome Lang06 of the L. angustifolius reference genome separately. The chromosome was chosen for the in-depth study due to observed structural variability among wild lupin species revealed by BAC-FISH and supplemented by in silico mapping of recently released lupin genome assemblies. The results highlighted changes in synteny within the Lang06 region between the lupin species, including putative translocations, inversions, and/or non-allelic homologous recombination, which would have accompanied the evolution and speciation.

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Lambers, Hans, Jon C. Clements i Matthew N. Nelson. "How a phosphorus-acquisition strategy based on carboxylate exudation powers the success and agronomic potential of lupines (Lupinus, Fabaceae)". American Journal of Botany 100, nr 2 (luty 2013): 263–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1200474.

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Susek, Karolina, Wojciech Bielski, Katarzyna B. Czyż, Robert Hasterok, Scott A. Jackson, Bogdan Wolko i Barbara Naganowska. "Impact of Chromosomal Rearrangements on the Interpretation of Lupin Karyotype Evolution". Genes 10, nr 4 (1.04.2019): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10040259.

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Plant genome evolution can be very complex and challenging to describe, even within a genus. Mechanisms that underlie genome variation are complex and can include whole-genome duplications, gene duplication and/or loss, and, importantly, multiple chromosomal rearrangements. Lupins (Lupinus) diverged from other legumes approximately 60 mya. In contrast to New World lupins, Old World lupins show high variability not only for chromosome numbers (2n = 32–52), but also for the basic chromosome number (x = 5–9, 13) and genome size. The evolutionary basis that underlies the karyotype evolution in lupins remains unknown, as it has so far been impossible to identify individual chromosomes. To shed light on chromosome changes and evolution, we used comparative chromosome mapping among 11 Old World lupins, with Lupinus angustifolius as the reference species. We applied set of L. angustifolius-derived bacterial artificial chromosome clones for fluorescence in situ hybridization. We demonstrate that chromosome variations in the species analyzed might have arisen from multiple changes in chromosome structure and number. We hypothesize about lupin karyotype evolution through polyploidy and subsequent aneuploidy. Additionally, we have established a cytogenomic map of L. angustifolius along with chromosome markers that can be used for related species to further improve comparative studies of crops and wild lupins.

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Wright, K. L., D. E. Otterby, J. G. Linn, M. D. Stern, G. D. Marx i D. G. Johnson. "Evaluation of White Lupines and Triticale in Calf Starter Diets". Journal of Dairy Science 72, nr 4 (kwiecień 1989): 1002–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(89)79195-5.

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Talhinhas, Pedro, S. Sreenivasaprasad, João Neves-Martins i Helena Oliveira. "Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Colletotrichum acutatum Causing Anthracnose of Lupins". Phytopathology® 92, nr 9 (wrzesień 2002): 986–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.9.986.

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Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum sp., is a serious problem of lupins (Lupinus spp.) worldwide. Morphological characters and molecular markers were used to characterize 43 Colletotrichum isolates from lupins, 8 isolates from other hosts, and 18 reference isolates representing related Colletotrichum spp., to assess the pathogen diversity and resolve its taxonomy. All lupin Colletotrichum isolates tested positive with C. acutatum-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and did not test positive with C. gloeosporioides-specific PCR. Spore shape and colony diameter as well as insensitivity to benomyl grouped the lupin anthracnose isolates closer to C. acutatum than to C. gloeosporioides. Analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of 57 Colletotrichum isolates grouped all lupin isolates with C. acutatum and distinct from C. gloeosporioides. Further, tub2 and his4 sequences revealed groups concordant with ITS, reducing the excessive dependence on the latter. Arbitrarily primed-PCR and amplified fragment length polymorphism analyses revealed intraspecific subgroups, but neither was useful to decipher species level relationships. ITS, tub2, and his4 results strongly support designating lupin anthracnose pathogen as C. acutatum or its subspecies. Most Colletotrichum isolates from lupins from worldwide locations are genetically homogeneous and form a distinct subgroup within C. acutatum. Present results also underline the potential of the C. acutatum-specific PCR for routine pathogen diagnosis.

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Deckert, J., J. Jeleńska, Z. Zaborowska i A. B. Legocki. "Isolation and classification of a family of cyclin gene homologues in Lupinus luteus." Acta Biochimica Polonica 44, nr 1 (31.03.1997): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1997_4437.

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The lupine (Lupinus luteus cv. Ventus) cDNA clones encoding homologues of cyclin (CycB1;2, CycB1;3, CycB1;4) have been isolated from cDNA library prepared from roots inoculated with Bradyrhizobium lupini. Comparison of the deduced amino-acid sequences of CycB1;2, CycB1;3, CycB1;4 and previously described CycB1;1 (Deckert et al. 1996, Biochimie 78, 90-94) showed that they share 46-65% of identical amino acids. The presence of conserved residues (Renaudin et. al., in The Plant Cell Cycle, in the press; Renaudin et al., Plant Mol. Biol, in the press) along with phylogenetic analysis of known plant cyclins revealed that the four lupine sequences belong to subgroup 1 of B-like mitotic cyclins.

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Dubrulle, Guillaume, Flora Pensec, Adeline Picot, Karim Rigalma, Audrey Pawtowski, Sophie Nicolleau, Nathalie Harzic, Patrice Nodet, Riccardo Baroncelli i Gaétan Le Floch. "Phylogenetic Diversity and Effect of Temperature on Pathogenicity of Colletotrichum lupini". Plant Disease 104, nr 3 (marzec 2020): 938–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-19-0273-re.

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Although lupin anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lupini is a significant threat for spring and winter lupin crops, it has been poorly studied so far. This study aimed at characterizing the (i) phylogenetic, (ii) morphological, and (iii) physiological diversity of collected isolates from anthracnose-affected lupins. The genetic identification of representative isolates (n = 71) revealed that they were all C. lupini species, further confirming that lupin anthracnose is caused by this species. However, multilocus sequencing on these isolates and 16 additional reference strains of C. lupini revealed a separation into two distinct genetic groups, both of them characterized by a very low genetic diversity. The diversity of morphological characteristics of a selected subset of C. lupini isolates was further evaluated. To the best of our knowledge, microsclerotia production observed for some isolates has never been reported so far within the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex. Finally, the modeling of growth responses of a subset of C. lupini strains revealed the capacity of some strains to grow in vitro at 5°C. This ability was also evidenced in planta, because C. lupini DNA was detectable in plants from 14 days postinoculation at 5°C onward, whereas symptoms began to appear a week later, although at a very low level. Since lupin crops are planted during winter or early spring, growth studies in vitro and in planta demonstrated the capability of the species to grow at temperatures ranging from 5 to 30°C, with an optimum close to 25°C. In this study, C. lupini-specific primers were also designed for real-time quantitative PCR on fungal DNA and allowed the detection of C. lupini in asymptomatic field samples. These results open perspectives to detect earlier and limit the development of this pathogen in lupin crops.

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Lee, S. T., K. E. Panter, J. A. Pfister, D. R. Gardner i K. D. Welch. "The effect of body condition on serum concentrations of two teratogenic alkaloids (anagyrine and ammodendrine) from lupines (Lupinus species) that cause crooked calf disease1". Journal of Animal Science 86, nr 10 (1.10.2008): 2771–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0610.

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Ramírez-Betancourt, Astrid, Arianna Michelle Hernández-Sánchez, Guadalupe Salcedo-Morales, Elsa Ventura-Zapata, Norma Robledo, Michael Wink i Kalina Bermúdez-Torres. "Unraveling the Biosynthesis of Quinolizidine Alkaloids Using the Genetic and Chemical Diversity of Mexican Lupins". Diversity 13, nr 8 (14.08.2021): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13080375.

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Quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs) are synthesized by the genus Lupinus as a defense against herbivores. Synthesis of QAs in lupins is species- and organ-specific. Knowledge about their biosynthesis and their corresponding pathways are still fragmentary, in part because lupins of commercial importance were mainly investigated, representing a small sample of the chemodiversity of the genus. Here, we explore the use of three Mexican lupins: Lupinus aschenbornii, Lupinus montanus, and Lupinus bilineatus as a model to study the physiology of QA biosynthesis. The corresponding QA patterns cover widely and narrowly distributed tetracyclic QAs. Quinolizidine alkaloid patterns of seeds and plantlets at different developmental stages were determined by GLC–MS and compared to identify the onset of de novo QA synthesis and to gain insight into specific and common biosynthesis trends. Onset of de novo QA biosynthesis occurred after the metabolization of seed QA during germination and was species-specific, as expected. A common QA pattern, from which the diversity of QA observed in these species is generated, was not found; however, lupanine and 3β-lupanine were found in the three specieswhile sparteine was not found in Lupinus bilineatus, suggesting that this simplest tetracyclic QA is not the precursor of more complex QAs. Similar patterns of metabolization and biosynthesis of structurally related QAs were observed, suggesting a common regulation.

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Guilengue, Norberto, João Neves-Martins i Pedro Talhinhas. "Response to Anthracnose in a Tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) Collection Is Influenced by Anthocyanin Pigmentation". Plants 9, nr 5 (2.05.2020): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9050583.

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Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lupini, is a major limiting factor for lupin production. Tarwi or Andean Lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) is generally regarded as susceptible to anthracnose, but the high protein and oil content of its seeds raise interest in promoting its cultivation in Europe. In this study we evaluated the response to anthracnose of 10 tarwi accessions contrasting in anthocyanin pigmentation, by comparison to white lupin (Lupinus albus), using a contemporary Portuguese fungal isolate. A severity rating scale was optimized, including weighted parameters considering the type of symptoms and organs affected. All tarwi accessions were classified as susceptible, exhibiting sporulating necroses on the main stem from seven days after inoculation. Anthracnose severity was lower on anthocyanin-rich tarwi plants, with accession LM34 standing out as the less susceptible. Accession I82 better combines anthracnose response and yield. In global terms, disease severity was lower on white lupin than on tarwi. Although based on a limited collection, the results of the study show the existence of genetic variability among L. mutabilis towards anthracnose response relatable with anthocyanin pigmentation, providing insights for more detailed and thorough characterization of tarwi resistance to anthracnose.

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Dankevich, L. A. "Genetic profiling of bacteria belongs to genus Pseudomonas, what affects legumes". Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 22 (9.09.2018): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v22.935.

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Aim. For the purpose of correct inter species identification and estimation of group’s heterogeneity, the genome fingerprinting of isolated by us and collection "Pseudomonas lupini" strains as well as typical representative of genus, affecting legumes, has been carried out. Methods. In the course of research, microbiological, molecular genetic (REP-PCR) methods and method of molecular phylogenetics (UPGMA) were used. Results. The genetic heterogeneity of isolated and collections "Pseudomonas lupini" strains has been estimated. A relationship between isolated and collections "Pseudomonas lupini" strains with the typical Pseudomonas syringae strains, affecting legumes, for BOX, REP and ERIC profiles has been determined. Conclusions. BOX, ERIC and REP-profiling of the genome of the agent of lupines’ brown spottiness revealed significant genetic heterogeneity of its population (from 20 to 50 % of heterogeneity) and close similarity of this pathogen to representatives of the species Pseudomonas syringae.Keywords: identification, genetic heterogeneity, REP-PCR, causative agent of lupines’ brown spottiness.

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Kennedy, JR, Z. Wyszomirska-Dreher, Y. T T chan i JW Chen. "Properties of Antisera to Glutamate Dehydrogenase from Nitrogen-fixing Lupin Nodules". Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 38, nr 1 (1985): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bi9850051.

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Antibody prepared in rabbit to lupin (Lupinus luteus) nodule glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) crossreacted with all six isozymes of GDH isolated from lupin nodules. Rocket immunoelectrophoresis showed that the antisera were also strongly cross-reactive with GDH from other parts of the lupin plant and from the roots and stems of other leguminous plants and wheat, but not with GDH of Rhizobium lupini, lupin bacteroids or bovine liver. This confirms the exclusively plant origin of lupin nodule cytosolic GDH. Enzyme activity, determined spectrophotometrically, was strongly inhibited by the antibody. Substrates and modifiers of GDH did not influence the degree of this inhibition, indicating that the antiserum should be an effective reagent for study of the localization of GDH in plants.

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Iqbal, Muhammad Munir, William Erskine, Jens D. Berger i Matthew N. Nelson. "Phenotypic characterisation and linkage mapping of domestication syndrome traits in yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.)". Theoretical and Applied Genetics 133, nr 10 (18.07.2020): 2975–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03650-9.

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AbstractThe transformation of wild plants into domesticated crops usually modifies a common set of characters referred to as ‘domestication syndrome’ traits such as the loss of pod shattering/seed dehiscence, loss of seed dormancy, reduced anti-nutritional compounds and changes in growth habit, phenology, flower and seed colour. Understanding the genetic control of domestication syndrome traits facilitates the efficient transfer of useful traits from wild progenitors into crops through crossing and selection. Domesticated forms of yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) possess many domestication syndrome traits, while their genetic control remains a mystery. This study aimed to reveal the genetic control of yellow lupin domestication traits. This involved phenotypic characterisation of those traits, defining the genomic regions controlling domestication traits on a linkage map and performing a comparative genomic analysis of yellow lupin with its better-understood relatives, narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius L.) and white lupin (L. albus L.). We phenotyped an F9 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of a wide cross between Wodjil (domesticated) × P28213 (wild). Vernalisation responsiveness, alkaloid content, flower and seed colour in yellow lupin were each found to be controlled by single loci on linkage groups YL-21, YL-06, YL-03 and YL-38, respectively. Aligning the genomes of yellow with narrow-leafed lupin and white lupin revealed well-conserved synteny between these sister species (76% and 71%, respectively). This genomic comparison revealed that one of the key domestication traits, vernalisation-responsive flowering, mapped to a region of conserved synteny with the vernalisation-responsive flowering time Ku locus of narrow-leafed lupin, which has previously been shown to be controlled by an FT homologue. In contrast, the loci controlling alkaloid content were each found at non-syntenic regions among the three species. This provides a first glimpse into the molecular control of flowering time in yellow lupin and demonstrates both the power and the limitation of synteny as a tool for gene discovery in lupins.

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Sysoliatin, E. N., V. S. Anokhina, N. V. Anisimova, O. G. Babak i A. V. Kilchevsky. "Assessment of the differential gene expression in anthracnose treated seedlings of yellow lupin". Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 65, nr 3 (16.07.2021): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2021-65-3-330-336.

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Seedlings of yellow lupine treated with Colletotrichum lupini isolate were studied by the method of SRAP-analysis with the purpose to assess the differential expression of genes. As a result, the PCR fragment corresponding to tolerant seedlings was found. The genetic determinants found are likely involved in the control of the resistance (tolerance) of lupine plants to anthracnose.

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Karpińska, B., K. Leśniewicz, G. Pietkiewicz i H. Augustyniak. "Organization of the 18S, 5S, 4S rRNA genes and the tRNA-like repeat in the mitochondrial genomes of three lupin species." Acta Biochimica Polonica 41, nr 4 (31.12.1994): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1994_4689.

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Southern blots of mitochondrial (mt) DNAs of three Lupinus species cleaved with three restriction enzymes were probed with Lupinus luteus mtDNA fragments containing 18S, 5S rRNA genes or a tRNA-like repeat. Comparison of the number of hybridizing bands and their intensity suggested that the mt 18S and 5S rRNA genes occur mostly in one copy in the genomes of three lupin species. The exception concerned the Lupinus angustifolius 5S rRNA gene showing two hybridizing bands of unequal intensity. The results of hybridization of the lupin mitochondrial genomes with a probe specific for the Lupinus luteus tRNA-like repeat pointed to the presence of such a repeat in other parts of the genomes besides the vicinity of the 18S rRNA gene. Northern hybridization analysis showed the presence of 18S, 5S and tRNA-like repeat transcripts similar in size in all lupin species.

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Dankevych, L. A. "Identification of agent of leaf spot desease of lupine based on the the syringomicin gene (syrD)". Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 25 (30.08.2019): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v25.1151.

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Aim. The detection of the phytotoxin syringomycin's secretion genes of (syrD) has been performed for the purpose of correct species and pathovar identification of isolated and collection strains of the agent of lupine's brown spottiness. Methods. It has been used microbiological and molecular genetic (PCR) methods. Results. The presence of phytotoxin syringomycin's secretion (syrD) genes in collection and isolated strains of the agent of lupine's brown spottiness and the typical strain Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae UCM B-1027Т has been established. It has been shown that the amount of PCR product produced by collection strains "Pseudomonas lupini" varies and correlates with their pathogenic properties. Conclusions. Based on the results of the previous investigation and presented in this paper, the reclassification of the species "Pseudomonas lupini" finished and the strains previously belonging to this species were attributed to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Keywords: identification, syringomycin's secretion genes (syrD), agent of lupine's brown spottiness.

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Zaborowska, Zaneta, Michał Starzycki, Iwona Femiak, Michał Swiderski i Andrzej B. Legocki. "Yellow lupine gene encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase--organization, expression and potential application." Acta Biochimica Polonica 49, nr 1 (31.03.2002): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2002_3818.

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A gene for the delta9 desaturase specific to stearoyl-ACP (acyl carrier protein) was identified from yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus) cDNA and genomic libraries through the differential display method. The desaturase transcript appears in plants infected with Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) as revealed by Northern hybridization, RT-PCR and expression of beta-glucuronidase under the desaturase promoter. A small amount of desaturase transcript was also detected in uninfected plants, which suggests that the gene does not belong to the strict nodule-specific sequences. The desaturase provides unsaturated fatty acids for additional cell membrane synthesis. During nodule and symbiosome development a peribacteroid membrane is formed and the requirement for membrane surface increases, thus the level of desaturase expression is also higher. Transgenic plants of Nicotiana tabacum with overexpression of the full-length lupine stearoyl-ACP desaturase sequence were obtained. They revealed higher content of unsaturated fatty acids (especially oleic acid) in comparison with control plants.

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Grundy, H. F., D. G. Chapple i Karen P. A. Wheeler. "Lupins : Comparison with soya bean as a protein source for young beef cattle". Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (marzec 1996): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600030865.

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Recent work on the agronomy and the genetic make-up of a new strain of lupin, which could be grown on almost half the agricultural land in England and Wales, has resulted in improvements in the yield and protein content of lupins. The protein content of lupins, at 37 % of the dry matter, is higher than that of either peas or beans and therefore lupins could be an important source of home-grown protein. There is little information available on the potential of new strains of lupins as a protein source in the feed of ruminants, particularly in conjunction with forage maize.

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GEORGIEVA, Natalia Anastasova, i Valentin KOSEV. "Phenotypic Variability of White Lupine (Lupinus albus L.) Germplasm". Notulae Scientia Biologicae 9, nr 3 (30.09.2017): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb9310159.

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Collecting, exploring and using a suitable, genetically diverse source material with different ecological-geographical origin is a determining prerequisite for the breeding success. The present study was conducted during the 2014-2016 period at theInstituteofForage Crops(Pleven,Bulgaria) with 23 cultivars of white lupine originatingPoland,RussiaandUkraine. It was found a significant genetic diversity among the studied cultivars, which was a good prerequisite for starting a breeding program within the crop. The most favorable combination of a high seed productivity and crude protein content had cultivars ‘Tel Keram’, ‘Pflugs Ultra’, ‘WAT’, ‘Solnechnii’ and ‘Pink Mutant’, whose plants were also characterized by a mass of 1,000 seeds between 15 and 21 g. Genetically, the most distant from each other were ‘Bezimenii 1’ and ‘Pflugs Ultra’ compared to ‘Termis Mestnii’ and ‘Solnechnii’ as well as to ‘Tel Keram’. These cultivars are suitable as genitors for the development of high-yielding white lupine cultivars. Studied traits of pod length, number of seeds in a pod and seeds per plant showed a high positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation with the seed productivity in white lupine. Regarding productivity, it can be rely upon the mass of 1,000 seeds, plant height and number of seeds per plant due to their high total effect on the seed weight per plant.

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Kumar, S., K. Sivasithamparam, J. S. Gill i M. W. Sweetingham. "Temperature and water potential effects on growth and pathogenicity of Rhizoctonia solani AG-11 to lupin". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 45, nr 5 (1.07.1999): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w99-027.

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Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group (AG) 11 causes serious damping-off and hypocotyl rot of lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and is wide-spread in the northern grain-belt of Western Australia. We compared growth of AG-11 to AG-8, which causes bare-patch of grain crops including lupin. AG-11 grew significantly faster than AG-8 on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at several temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, or 30°C) and also grew best within the pH range of 4-7. Growth of AG-8 was best at pH 7. There was no difference in the linear growth in soil of both AGs at 10°C, but AG-11 grew at a significantly faster rate at 20°C. Reduction in growth of AG-11 on osmotically adjusted PDA at temperatures between 10 and 30°C was more pronounced than that of AG-8. AG-11 caused very little lupin pre-emergence damping-off and hypocotyl rot at 10°C, and most severe hypocotyl rot was recorded at 20 and 25°C. Severity of hypocotyl rot caused by AG-11 at soil water potentials of -0.1, -0.07, and -0.05 MPa was higher than at -0.03 MPa. It appears that AG-11 is well suited to the environmental conditions of the relatively small area in Western Australia from which it is readily isolated.Key words: Rhizoctonia solani, anastomosis groups, osmotic potential, lupin.

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Netsvetaev, V. P., I. V. Knyazeva, A. P. Ogulya i O. A. Sorokopudova. "Genetic control of protein synthesis in white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) seeds". Russian Journal of Genetics 49, nr 6 (czerwiec 2013): 677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1022795413050098.

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Msaddak, Abdelhakim, Luis Rey, Juan Imperial, José Manuel Palacios, Mohamed Mars i José J. Pueyo. "Phylogenetic Analyses of Rhizobia Isolated from Nodules of Lupinus angustifolius in Northern Tunisia Reveal Devosia sp. as a New Microsymbiont of Lupin Species". Agronomy 11, nr 8 (29.07.2021): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081510.

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Thirty-two bacterial isolates were obtained from root nodules of Lupinus angustifolius growing in Northern Tunisia. Phylogenetic analyses based on recA and gyrB partial gene sequences grouped the strains into six clusters: four clusters belonged to the genus Bradyrhizobium (22 isolates), one to Microvirga (8 isolates) and one to Devosia (2 isolates), a genus that has not been previously reported to nodulate lupin. Representative strains of each group were further characterized. Multi-Locus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) based on recA and glnII gene sequences separated the strains within the genus Bradyrhizobium into four divergent clusters related to B. canariense, B. liaoningense, B. lupini, and B. algeriense, respectively. The latter might constitute a new Bradyrhizobium species. The strains in the Microvirga cluster showed high identity with M. tunisiensis. The Devosia isolates might also represent a new species within this genus. An additional phylogenetic analysis based on the symbiotic gene nodC affiliated the strains to symbiovars genistearum, mediterranense, and to a possibly new symbiovar. These results altogether contributed to the existing knowledge on the genetic diversity of lupin-nodulating microsymbionts and revealed a likely new, fast-growing, salt-tolerant rhizobial species within the genus Devosia as a potentially useful inoculant in agricultural practices or landscape restoration.

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Karłowski, W. M., P. M. Strózycki i A. B. Legocki. "Characterization and expression analysis of the yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) gene coding for nodule specific proline-rich protein." Acta Biochimica Polonica 47, nr 2 (30.06.2000): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2000_4017.

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The LlPRP2 gene coding for a proline-rich protein shows a high level of similarity to, as well as significant differences from the family of ENOD2 nodule-specific genes. Several sequence motifs with putative regulatory function were identified in the 5' and 3' noncoding regions of the LlPRP2 gene. Northern blot analysis revealed that the expression of the LlPRP2 gene begins 9 days after inoculation of yellow lupin roots with Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus); the expression is restricted to symbiotic nodules and is not detected in other tissues or organs. Detailed hybridization analysis showed that, when expression is activated, the LlPRP2 transcript is modified so as to produce at least three bands and a continuous distribution of decay intermediates. The modification of the LlPRP2 transcript probably involves degradation from the 5'- and/or 3'-ends of the RNA molecules. Southern blot analysis indicates that only one gene is present in the yellow lupin genome. The presence of genes homologous to the LlPRP2 gene was confirmed for three cultivars of yellow lupin and for Lupinus angustifolius. However, LlPRP2 homologues were not detected in Lupinus albus cv. Bac, indicating that this plant may lack the ENOD2 sequence.

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Masi, Marco, Paola Nocera, Angela Boari, Maria Chiara Zonno, Gennaro Pescitelli, Sabrina Sarrocco, Riccardo Baroncelli, Giovanni Vannacci, Maurizio Vurro i Antonio Evidente. "Secondary metabolites produced by Colletotrichum lupini, the causal agent of anthachnose of lupin (Lupinus spp.)". Mycologia 112, nr 3 (24.04.2020): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2020.1732148.

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EL-HARTY, Ehab, Azzam ASHRIE, Azzam ASHRIE, Megahed AMMAR i Salem ALGHAMDI. "GENETIC VARIATION AMONG EGYPTIAN WHITE LUPIN (LUPINUS ALBUS L.) GENOTYPES". Turkish Journal Of Field Crops 21, nr 1 (5.01.2016): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.95532.

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Robertson, N. L., i C. J. Coyne. "Evaluation of USDA Lupinus sp. collection for seed-borne potyviruses". Plant Genetic Resources 7, nr 03 (7.05.2009): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262109257923.

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Plant viruses pose a threat to the acquisition, maintenance and distribution of lupin germplasm (genusLupinus, familyFabaceae). The availability of sufficient quantities of healthy and virus-free seeds from maintained lupin collections is mandatory for conducting lupin research. The objective of this research was to determine which lupin species were potentially infected with potyviruses (presumably seed-borne) upon germination in the greenhouse. The procedure for screening lupin seedlings in the greenhouse for potyviruses incorporated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay followed by elimination or segregation of infected seedlings from the population before transplantation into the field plots for regeneration and accession characterization. None of the accessions in this evaluation had been tested previously for virus. From 2002 to 2005, 15 perennial (30 accessions) and 6 annual lupin species (213 accessions) were evaluated on site at the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station in Pullman, WA, USA. While none of the greenhouse perennial seedlings tested positive for potyvirus, seedlings in three annual species (Lupinus albus,Lupinus angustifoliusandLupinus luteus) were infected by potyviruses, presumably by seed transmission. Future testing may focus on the annual species, thus saving limited germplasm maintenance resources.

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Kazimierski, Tadeusz, i Ewa M. Kazimierska. "Hereditary dwarfism in yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L)". Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 45, nr 3 (2015): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1976.017.

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A dwarf plant was found in the F<sub>4</sub> generation of a hybrid between two yellow lupin subspecies. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the dwarf grwoth is conditioned by one recessive factor which was named nanus. This factor acts pleiotroipically since it reduces the height, changes the morphological structure and some anatomical traits and reduces fertility in the dwarf plants. It is believed that in the chromosome with translocation a gene block arose in the F<sub>4</sub>, plant. These genes acting as a compact system cause dwarfism, changes in the anatomical structure and reduce fertility.

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Vlahos, J. C., i P. Ververidis. "320 Lupinus albus ssp. graecus L., A Native Plant with Potential for Floricultural Use". HortScience 35, nr 3 (czerwiec 2000): 447C—447. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.447c.

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Lupinus albus ssp. graecus, L. Fabaceae (Boiss. and Spruner) Franco and P.Silva, is being studied at the TEI of Heraklion since 1998 as a new plant with potential use in floriculture and ornamental horticulture. The plant has been recorded botanically; however, little is known about its physiology and genetic profile. Lupinus albus ssp. is a herbaceous annual plant 10 to 20 cm tall, growing at roadsides, field margins, vineyards, and olive groves up to 700 m altitude. The leaves are 5 to 11 cm wide, palmate shaped in alternate orientation, with five to nine leaflets 10 to 18 mm wide, all arising from the same point. The flowers are borne in terminal or lateral spike-like racemes 10 to 20 cm long. Florets are 15 mm long, dark blue occasionally with a white patch, stamens forming a tube. Pods are 60 to 70 mm long,with four to six black-spotted seeds. In the present work, seed germination studies were conducted combining chilling pretreatments with physical scarification (scratching). Mature seeds chilled at 5 °C for 6 weeks germinated readily (83%) when scarified with sand paper. Furthermore, we tested the effects of several plant growth regulators (chlorocholine chloride, paclobutrazol, maleic hydrazide and Ethrel 48) on young plants of Lupinus in order to obtain compact pot plants with more flowering racemes. Paclobutrazol at 5 and 10 mg/L achieved the best retardation effect, but did not affect flowering. In another trial with different potting media,the commercial potting soil proved the most suitable for growing lupins satisfactorily. It is concluded that Lupinus albus spp. graecus L. need further investigation in order to establish the best cultural conditions for its growth and development. Furthermore, due to its high genetic variability, selection and genetic improvement is required for optimal results.

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Schulz, Hartwig, Gabriele Lausch i Walter Feldheim. "Veränderung des Tocochromanolmusters einiger Pflanzenöle (Sojabohne, Lupine, Sonnenblume und Weizen) während Keimung und Wachstum / Alteration of Tocochromanol Pattern in Some Plant Oils (Soybean. Lupine. Sunflower and Wheat) during Germination and Growth". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 40, nr 11-12 (1.10.1985): 760–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1985-11-1203.

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Abstract Seed, sprout and plant oils from soybean (Soja hispida), lupine (Lupinus mutabilis), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) were assayed for their tocochromanol content and composition. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection was used to determine tocopherols and tocotrienols of laboratory-extracted oils. In general, leaves of lupine, soja, and wheat with a high chlorophyll-a-content also were found to be rich of alpha-tocopherol; roots contained very little or no tocopherol. Contents of gamma-and delta-tocopherol in soja and lupine decreased during germination and growth, whereas the alpha-tocopherol concentration increases significantly. This evidence suggests that non-alpha-to-copherols might be methylated enzymatically to alpha-tocopherol. Tocochromanol pattern of wheat also changes characteristically in an analogous manner during plant development. Germ i nation of sunflower seeds also resulted in a conversion of beta-and gamma-tocopherols and in a slight decrease of the predominantly occurring alpha-tocopherol. In relation to the lipid content, the concentration of total tocopherols in oil plants increases significantly during growth. Possible implications for the biosynthesis of tocochromanols are discussed.

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Kushnareva, A. V., Т. V. Shelengа, I. N. Perchuk, G. P. Egorova, L. L. Malyshev, Yu A. Kerv, A. L. Shavarda i M. A. Vishnyakova. "Selection of an optimal method for screening the collection of narrow-leaved lupine held by the Vavilov Institute for the qualitative and quantitative composition of seed alkaloids". Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 24, nr 8 (31.12.2020): 829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/vj20.680.

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Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus аngustifolius L.) is a widely cultivated leguminous forage and green manure crop with a potential for human nutrition. However, the presence of secondary metabolites – alkaloids – in lupine seeds considerably affects the quality of raw produce, reducing its nutritive value; in addition, high concentrations of alkaloids are toxic to humans and animals. Therefore, plant breeders working with lupine need to gain knowledge about the variability of alkaloid content in seeds of different genotypes and search for the sources of their low concentrations in the crop’s gene pool. The collection of narrow-leaved lupine genetic resources held by the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) offers wide opportunities for such search by means of mass screening. For its part, largescale gene pool screening requires the selection of an optimal technique to measure alkaloid content in seeds, so that it would be easily reproducible and as little labor-, time- and fund-consuming as possible. The results of the search for such method are presented. Qualitative and quantitative indices were compared when target compounds had been extracted with multicomponent mixtures and individual reagents (chloroform, methanol, etc.) and the extracts analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. High-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry was also employed. Five major alkaloids were found to be present in all types of extracts: lupanine, 13-hydroxylupanine (dominant ones), angustifoline, sparteine, and isolupanine. The fullest extraction of alkaloids was observed when the extractant with an added alkaline agent was used (425 mg/100 g). The lowest level of extraction was registered with chloroform (216 mg/100 g). The significance of the differences was confirmed statistically.

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Taylor, Candy M., Gagan Garg, Jens D. Berger, Federico M. Ribalta, Janine S. Croser, Karam B. Singh, Wallace A. Cowling, Lars G. Kamphuis i Matthew N. Nelson. "A Trimethylguanosine Synthase1-like (TGS1) homologue is implicated in vernalisation and flowering time control". Theoretical and Applied Genetics 134, nr 10 (13.07.2021): 3411–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03910-2.

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Abstract Key message A plant-specificTrimethylguanosine Synthase1-likehomologue was identified as a candidate gene for theeflmutation in narrow-leafed lupin, which alters phenology by reducing vernalisation requirement. Abstract The vernalisation pathway is a key component of flowering time control in plants from temperate regions but is not well understood in the legume family. Here we examined vernalisation control in the temperate grain legume species, narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), and discovered a candidate gene for an ethylene imine mutation (efl). The efl mutation changes phenology from late to mid-season flowering and additionally causes transformation from obligate to facultative vernalisation requirement. The efl locus was mapped to pseudochromosome NLL-10 in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population developed by accelerated single seed descent. Candidate genes were identified in the reference genome, and a diverse panel of narrow-leafed lupins was screened to validate mutations specific to accessions with efl. A non-synonymous SNP mutation within an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase protein domain of a Trimethylguanosine Synthase1-like (TGS1) orthologue was identified as the candidate mutation giving rise to efl. This mutation caused substitution of an amino acid within an established motif at a position that is otherwise highly conserved in several plant families and was perfectly correlated with the efl phenotype in F2 and F6 genetic population and a panel of diverse accessions, including the original efl mutant. Expression of the TGS1 homologue did not differ between wild-type and efl genotypes, supporting altered functional activity of the gene product. This is the first time a TGS1 orthologue has been associated with vernalisation response and flowering time control in any plant species.

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Szczepaniak, Anna, Michał Książkiewicz, Jan Podkowiński, Katarzyna Czyż, Marek Figlerowicz i Barbara Naganowska. "Legume Cytosolic and Plastid Acetyl-Coenzyme—A Carboxylase Genes Differ by Evolutionary Patterns and Selection Pressure Schemes Acting before and after Whole-Genome Duplications". Genes 9, nr 11 (21.11.2018): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9110563.

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Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase, E.C.6.4.1.2) catalyzes acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylation to malonyl coenzyme A. Plants possess two distinct ACCases differing by cellular compartment and function. Plastid ACCase contributes to de novo fatty acid synthesis, whereas cytosolic enzyme to the synthesis of very long chain fatty acids, phytoalexins, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. The narrow leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) represents legumes, a plant family which evolved by whole-genome duplications (WGDs). The study aimed on the contribution of these WGDs to the multiplication of ACCase genes and their further evolutionary patterns. The molecular approach involved bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library screening, fluorescent in situ hybridization, linkage mapping, and BAC sequencing. In silico analysis encompassed sequence annotation, comparative mapping, selection pressure calculation, phylogenetic inference, and gene expression profiling. Among sequenced legumes, the highest number of ACCase genes was identified in lupin and soybean. The most abundant plastid ACCase subunit genes were accB. ACCase genes in legumes evolved by WGDs, evidenced by shared synteny and Bayesian phylogenetic inference. Transcriptional activity of almost all copies was confirmed. Gene duplicates were conserved by strong purifying selection, however, positive selection occurred in Arachis (accB2) and Lupinus (accC) lineages, putatively predating the WGD event(s). Early duplicated accA and accB genes underwent transcriptional sub-functionalization.

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Augustyniak, H., W. Makalowski, R. P. Martin, E. Schwob, P. Stiegler i C. Dirheimer. "Nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial 5S rRNA gene from lupine (Lupinus luteus)". DNA Sequence 3, nr 4 (styczeń 1992): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10425179209034028.

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Aïnouche, Abdelkader, i Randall James Bayer. "Genetic evidence supports the new anatolian lupine accession,Lupinus anatolicus, as an old world “rough-seeded” lupine (sectionScabrispermae) related toL. pilosus". Folia Geobotanica 35, nr 1 (marzec 2000): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02803088.

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Phan, Huyen T. T., Simon R. Ellwood, Rebecca Ford, Steve Thomas i Richard Oliver. "Differences in syntenic complexity between Medicago truncatula with Lens culinaris and Lupinus albus". Functional Plant Biology 33, nr 8 (2006): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp06102.

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Orthologous markers transferable between distantly related legume species allow for the rapid generation of genetic maps in species where there is little pre-existing genomic or EST information. We are using the model legume Medicago truncatula Gaertn. to develop such markers in legumes of importance to Australian agriculture. This will enable the construction of comparative genetic maps, help to determine patterns of chromosomal evolution in the legume family, and characterise syntenic relationships between M. truncatula and cultivated legumes. This information can then be used to identify markers that are tightly linked to the genes of interest, candidate gene(s) for a trait, and expedite the isolation of such genes. Among the Papilionoideae, we compared ESTs from the phylogenetically distant species, M. truncatula, Lupinus albus and Glycine max, to produce 500 intron-targeted amplified polymorphic markers (ITAPs). In addition to 126 M. truncatula cross-species markers from Department of Plant Pathology, University of California (USA), these markers were used to generate comparative genetic maps of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and white lupin (Lupinus albus Linn.). Our results showed that 90% of the ITAPs markers amplified genomic DNA in M. truncatula, 80% in Lupinus albus, and 70% in Lens culinaris. The comparative map of Lens culinaris was constructed based on 79 ITAP markers. The Lupinus albus comparative map was developed from 105 gene-based markers together with 223 AFLP markers. Although a direct and simple syntenic relationship was observed between M. truncatula and Lens culinaris genomes, there is evidence of moderate chromosomal rearrangement. This may account for the different chromosome numbers in the two species. A more complicated pattern among homologous blocks was apparent between the Lupinus albus and M. truncatula genomes.

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Strózycki, P. M., i A. B. Legocki. "An efficient method of genomic DNA isolation from plant tissues." Acta Biochimica Polonica 42, nr 3 (30.09.1995): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1995_4629.

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The manuscript describes an easy method of isolation of plant genomic DNA. This method allowed us to isolate substantial amounts of good quality DNA from lupin (Lupinus luteus) tissues. The described method also appeared to be useful for genomic DNA isolation from tissues of other plants.

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Siddons, P. A., R. J. A. Jones, J. M. Hollis, S. H. Hallett, C. Huyghe, J. M. Day, T. Scott i G. F. J. Milford. "The use of a land suitability model to predict where autumn-sown, determinate genotypes of the white lupin (Lupinus albus) might be grown in England and Wales". Journal of Agricultural Science 123, nr 2 (październik 1994): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600068465.

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SummaryA model was developed to assess the suitability of land in England and Wales for growing newly developed genotypes of autumn-sown determinate white lupins. The model used soil pH, the number of degree-days accumulated for mainstem leaf production before the apical meristem of the mainstem became floral, and the number of machinery work days in autumn. Interactions between these three components were used to set thresholds to determine land suitability within 5 × 5 km grid squares of the National Soil Map.Of the potential 13·75 Mha of arable land in England and Wales, a total of 7·54 Mha are well or moderately suited to growing these lupin genotypes. This is equivalent to c. 2 Mha of land within the arable rotation each year. It was estimated that, because of low soil pH, lupins would be the preferred legume on 0·3 Mha out of this 2 Mha. The model was also used to assess the risk of soil acidification and nitrate leaching following mineralization of lupin residues. This exercise indicated that there was little risk of either on much of the land suited to lupins.

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Maidin, M. Shikh, A. Chadwick, P. C. Khaiseb, P. A. Hawken i G. B. Martin. "242. Reproductive performance of Australia Cashmere goats supplemented with lupin grain". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, nr 9 (2008): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb08abs242.

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The productivity of Cashmere goats depends on their reproductive performance, which, in turn, depends on their level of nutrition. Ovulation rate and pregnancy in sheep are both affected by nutrition, but little is known about the response of female goats (does) to supplementary feeding. The lupin group (n = 40) received 250 g lupin per head per day in addition to pasture whereas the control group (n = 40) received no nutritional supplement. Both groups were synchronised for 17 days with intravaginal progestagen pessaries. The supplement was fed for 21 days, commencing 7 days before the bucks were introduced and intravaginal pessaries were removed (Day –2). Does were expected to ovulate 2 days later on Day 0 and the bucks were removed on Day 3. Blood was sampled for progesterone every 3 days from buck removal (Day 3) until Day 18. Ovulation rate was assessed by trans-rectal ultrasonography on Day 13 and pregnancy was diagnosed by trans-abdominal ultrasonography on Day 61 of the experiment. Does supplemented with lupins had a numerically higher ovulation rate than does fed only on pasture, but this difference was not significant (1.76 ± 3.21 v. 1.52 ± 3.79; P > 0.05). Similarly, there was no difference in the numbers of does conceiving to the first service between the lupin and control group (89% v. 94%; P > 0.05). Progesterone concentrations on Day 12 were higher in does supplemented with lupins than does fed only pasture (6.29 ± 0.27 ng/mL v. 5.41 ± 0.27 ng/mL; lupin and control group; P < 0.05). In conclusion, lupin supplementation induced a numerical increase in ovulation rate but this difference failed to reach significance. Does supplemented with lupins had higher concentrations of progesterone during early pregnancy, which is the opposite effect to that previously reported in sheep.

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Martin, R. P., E. Schwob, H. Augustyniak, W. Makałowski, P. Stiegler i G. Dirheimer. "Nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial 18S rRNA gene from lupine (Lupinus luteus)". Plant Molecular Biology 19, nr 3 (czerwiec 1992): 509–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00023401.

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Galwey, N. W., K. Adhikari, M. Dracup i R. Thomson. "Agronomic potential of genetically diverse narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) with restricted branching". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, nr 7 (2003): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar02192.

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The indeterminate growth habit of narrow-leafed lupin appears to cause a suboptimal pattern of grain filling in the Mediterranean-type environment of south-western Australia. Development of cultivars with genetically restricted branching (RB) has been proposed to overcome the problem. However, restriction of branching causes profound phenological and architectural changes, and it may be necessary to compensate for these by incorporating RB into a genetic background that confers high shoot mass. In order to make a robust assessment of the value of RB in a range of backgrounds, the trait was incorporated from 5 donor parents into the genetic background of 10 recurrent parents by 2 rounds of back-crossing followed by self-fertilisation of the progeny for 4 generations to produce BC2S4 lines. Thirty-two of these lines were obtained with highly RB or mildly RB, a range of flowering times from 68 to 118 days after sowing, and 16–34 leaf nodes on the main stem. They were tested with their parents in replicated field trials at 3 sites in Western Australia at latitudes from 28°S to 33°S. The RB genotypes generally gave higher grain yield than the normal-branching genotypes at the high-latitude, high-rainfall, long growing season, high shoot mass producing site of Esperance, and the 2 types gave approximately equal yield in the low-latitude, low-rainfall, short-season, low shoot mass site of Mullewa. Only at the intermediate site of Wongan Hills did the normal-branching genotypes have a clear advantage. RB genotypes had higher harvest index than corresponding normal-branching genotypes, particularly at Esperance, and tended to produce more pods but slightly fewer seeds per pod and lighter seeds. There was no consistent difference in performance between highly and mildly RB genotypes, contrary to an expectation that the highly RB type would produce insufficient shoot mass. There was a tentative indication that, within RB lines, a large number of leaf nodes on the main stem conferred more reliably high grain yield in the environments of Esperance and Wongan Hills. Overall, these results provide ample justification for the development and further evaluation of RB cultivars. However, this conclusion comes with 2�caveats: that a different background development pattern should be adopted to that used in normal branching lupins, and that RB cultivars should be evaluated in the target environments where the character confers an advantage.

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Landers, KF. "Vernalization responses in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) genotypes". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, nr 5 (1995): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9951011.

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Three experiments were conducted to characterize vernalization response in 13 diverse narrowleafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) genotypes, and to identify the genetic basis of differences in vernalization response. The aim was to better understand how flowering time may be manipulated in lupin breeding. The genotypes consisted of breeding lines with parents of wild origin, plus selected commercial varieties. Treatments included response to different periods of vernalization and response to different sowing dates. Most of the genotypes required vernalization for flowering. There were three types of response to vernalization observed; an absolute requirement, a reduced response, in which vernalization did not appear to be essential for flowering, and no response in lines carrying the natural mutant gene Ku (Gladstones and Hill 1969). In genotypes with an absolute requirement for vernalization, the period of vernalization at 5�C required to ensure flowering varied between 2 and 4 weeks, and flowering was hastened by increasing periods of vernalization. When vernalization was marginally inadequate, abnormal inflorescences formed. An apparent thermosensitive response, in which vernalization hastened flowering but did not appear to be essential, occurred in cv. Wandoo, which carries the gene �efl�. This response could also possibly be explained not by the lack of an essential requirement for vernalization, but by an ability of the cultivar to respond to vernalization at fairly high temperatures, around 16�C. Crossing studies identified a major gene the same as or allelic to �efl� in one genotype, but no other single genes with major effect on vernalization response were detected in genotypes of wild origin.

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42

Francki, Michael G., i Daniel J. Mullan. "Application of comparative genomics to narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) using sequence information from soybean and Arabidopsis". Genome 47, nr 4 (1.08.2004): 623–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g04-010.

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The completion of genome-sequencing initiatives for model plants and EST databases for major crop species provides a large resource for gaining fundamental knowledge of complex gene interactions and the functional significance of proteins. There are increasingly numerous opportunities to transfer this information to other plant species with uncharacterized genomes and make advances in genome analysis, gene expression, and predicted protein function. In this study, we have used DNA sequences from soybean and Arabidopsis to determine the feasibility of applying comparative genomics to narrow-leafed lupin. We have used transcribed sequences from soybean and showed that a high proportion cross hybridize to lupin DNA, identifying similar genes and providing landmarks for estimating the degree of chromosomal synteny between species. To further investigate comparative relationships in this study, a detailed analysis of three lupin genes and comparison of orthologs from soybean and Arabidopsis shows that, in some cases, gene structure and expression are highly conserved and their proteins may have similar function. In other cases, genes show variation in expression profiles indicating alternative functions across species. The advantages and limitation of using soybean and Arabidopsis sequences for comparative genomics in lupins are discussed.Key words: comparative genomics, narrow-leafed lupins, soybean, Arabidopsis.

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Kosev, Valentin, i Viliana Vasileva. "Comparative biological characteristic of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) varieties". Genetika 51, nr 1 (2019): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1901275k.

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The study was conducted in 2014-2016 on the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. Aboveground and root biomass plant material of seven white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) varieties different originated was analyzed in two phenological stages. Plants were analyzed for height, fresh weight, number of leaves, nodule number and nodule weight in the beginning of flowering stage, and for number of pods, number of seeds and seed weight in the technical maturity stage. Degree of earliness of varieties was assessing as well. The group of ultra early varieties can be defined PI533704 and Zuter varieties with coefficient of earliness 1.00, to early - PI368911, PI457938 and KALI (coefficient of earliness 1.25), and to late Lucky801 and PI457923 (coefficient of earliness >1.66). A strong positive correlation was found between the seed productivity with number of seeds per plant (r=0.943) and plant height (r=0.765); close relationship of fresh aboveground mass weight with plant height (r=0.822), number of leaves (r=0.965) and fresh root mass weight (r=0.876). The varieties of interest for breeding were selected by different signs. It was concluded that the number and weight of nodules as well fresh root mass weight can be used as selection criteria for creating varieties with a higher symbiotic nitrogen fixation potential.

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Rurek, M., M. Oczkowski i H. Augustyniak. "Conservation of the structure and organization of lupin mitochondrial nad3 and rps12 genes." Acta Biochimica Polonica 45, nr 3 (30.09.1998): 695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1998_4263.

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A high level of the nucleotide sequence conservation of mitochondrial nad3 and rps12 genes was found in four lupin species. The only differences concern three nucleotides in the Lupinus albus rps12 gene and three nucleotides insertion in the L. mutabilis spacer. Northern blot analysis as well as RT-PCR confirmed cotranscription of the L. luteus genes because the transcripts detected were long enough.

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45

Berger, Jens D., Jon C. Clements, Matthew N. Nelson, Lars G. Kamphuis, Karam B. Singh i Bevan Buirchell. "The essential role of genetic resources in narrow-leafed lupin improvement". Crop and Pasture Science 64, nr 4 (2013): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13092.

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The narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a legume with much to offer to agriculture and human wellbeing through its adaptation to nitrogen- and phosphorus-deficient, acid, sandy soils, and production of nutritious, very low glycemic index grain with manifold health benefits. However, the industry has exploited only a small fraction of the genetic and adaptive diversity of the species, reflecting a short and fragmented domestication history. Given declining global production, unlocking the potential residing in untapped sources of genetic diversity to maximise yield and value is critical for the future of the crop. To this end, a wide range of genetic resources is under evaluation. The Australian Lupin Collection comprises almost 4600 diverse, mostly wild accessions, many of which have been genotyped using DArT (Diversity Array Technology) markers, and collection sites characterised to facilitate ecophysiology of contrasting material. Additional exotic genetic resources include recombinant inbred line and mutant populations, as well as inter-specific crosses. These resources are being used to investigate specific adaptation and genetic and molecular control of key traits, all of which will be expedited by current efforts to provide a reference genome sequence for L. angustifolius. Genetic base broadening is the current breeding focus, combining distantly related wild and domestic material with elite cultivars in double-backcrosses or topcrosses, with dramatic effects on yield. In future this will be complemented by marker-based, targeted trait introgression to improve narrow-leafed lupin adaptation, quality/value, and fit into the farming system.

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Święcicki, Wojciech, Andrzej Górny, Paweł Barzyk, Magdalena Gawłowska i Zygmunt Kaczmarek. "Genetic analysis of alkaloid accumulation in seeds of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)". Genetika 51, nr 3 (2019): 961–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1903961s.

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Ji, Yishan, Rong Liu, Jinguo Hu, Yuning Huang, Dong Wang, Guan Li, Md Mosiur Rahman i in. "Genetic diversity analysis for narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) by SSR markers". Molecular Biology Reports 47, nr 7 (23.06.2020): 5215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05596-z.

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Winnicki, Konrad, Iwona Ciereszko, Joanna Leśniewska, Alina T. Dubis, Anna Basa, Aneta Żabka, Marcin Hołota i in. "Irrigation affects characteristics of narrow-leaved lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) seeds". Planta 249, nr 6 (25.01.2019): 1731–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03091-9.

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TAHARA, Satoshi, John L. INGHAM i Junya MIZUTANI. "New coumaronochromones from white lupin, Lupinus albus L. (Leguminosae)." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 49, nr 6 (1985): 1775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.49.1775.

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Aslam, Mehtab Muhammad, Joseph K. Karanja, Qian Zhang, Huifeng Lin, Tianyu Xia, Kashif Akhtar, Jianping Liu, Rui Miao, Feiyun Xu i Weifeng Xu. "In Vitro Regeneration Potential of White Lupin (Lupinus albus) from Cotyledonary Nodes". Plants 9, nr 3 (3.03.2020): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030318.

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The tissue culture regeneration system of Lupinus albus has always been considered as recalcitrant material due to its genotype-dependent response and low regeneration efficiency that hamper the use of genetic engineering. Establishment of repeatable plant regeneration protocol is a prerequisite tool for successful application of genetic engineering. This aim of this study was to develop standardized, efficient protocol for successful shoot induction from cotyledonary node of white lupin. In this study, 5 day old aseptically cultured seedlings were used to prepare three explants (half cotyledonary node, HCN; whole cotyledonary node, WCN; and traditional cotyledonary node, TCN), cultured on four concentrations of M519 medium (M519, ½ M519, 1/3 M519, and ¼ M519), containing four carbohydrate sources (sucrose, fructose, maltose, and glucose), and stimulated with various combinations of KT (kinetin), and NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) for direct shoot regeneration. High frequency of 80% shoot regeneration was obtained on ½ M519 medium (KT 4.0 mg L−1 + NAA 0.1 mg L−1) by using HCN as an explant. Interestingly, combinations of (KT 4.0 mg L−1 + NAA 0.1 mg L−1 + BAP 1.67 mg L−1), and (KT 2.0 mg L−1 + NAA 0.1 mg L−1) showed similar shoot regeneration frequency of 60%. Augmentation of 0.25 g L−1 activated charcoal (AC) not only reduced browning effect but also improved shoot elongation. Among the all carbohydrate sources, sucrose showed the highest regeneration frequency with HCN. Additionally, 80% rooting frequency was recorded on ½ M519 containing IAA 1.0 mg L−1 + KT 0.1 mg L−1 (indole acetic acid) after 28 days of culturing. The present study describes establishment of an efficient and successful protocol for direct plant regeneration of white lupin from different cotyledonary nodes.

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